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Haifa - the regional capital of the North - providing amenities for up to 1 million people - one of the largest industrial centers after ‘bourgeois’ Tel-Aviv and ‘religious’ Jerusalem, Haifa has got reputation of the workers’ city
Quinten FOCCAERT – Piotr MATUSZEK – Michal MIKUS – Lucas PINSON
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The Lower City Center for shipping, banking, foreign commerce and wholesale trading - the main port and railway line is located in this area (railway line with branches to the port and factories obstruct the contact to the sea) - before 1948, the area was occupied mainly by the Arabs, many of which found refuge in neighbouring countries and left their properties vacant - houses are in bad condition, abandoned or boarded-up
source: http://wikimapia.org/
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On The Slope of Carmel - residential neighbourhoods - cultural and entertainment centers - museums and many movie theaters
source: http://wikimapia.org/
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Mount Carmel - residential neighbourhoods, public gardens - many hotels and guest houses - cultural centers and institutions of higher education - the University of Haifa and the Technion
source: http://wikimapia.org/
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Modern history started by demolishing the old city and rebuilding Haifa in 1761 in a new location protected by a city wall with a fortification above it.
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Two major shifts of the status of a regional importance: 1/ in 1860’s because of European siege on Acco consulates and merchants moved to Haifa - a steam-based power plant and factories, carriage service to nearby cities by Templars - modern quay and steam boats - railroad Haifa-Semach - modern industrial city on the sea attracting workers and tradesmen - in 1914 population 20 000 British Mandate – colonial rule 2/ Since 1948 from city of Haifa to national capital Tel-Aviv State of Israel – building national state
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Haifa in the 19th century - 4000 inhabitants.
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British Mandate - railway junction to the Egyptian-Syrian railroad - technological development, workshops and warehouses - Haifa deep-water port, land reclamation - oil pipeline from Iraq - refineries and petrochemical industries - Jewish immigration from Europe Skeleton Zoning Scheme 1934 - introduced modernist planning principles including the concept of Green Belt and Garden City - resulted in separation of uses and people - until today the authorized guideline plan for Haifa
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State of Israel - suffered a decline as a regional capital - gateway for Jewish immigration - new neighbourhoods on Carmel - opening port of Ashdod - Tiberias tourist centre
- colonial planning principles were adopted as they created suitable conditions for new state agendas - Old City was demolished as colonial efforts were directed at imposing Western values of best practice and the national aim was to enforce and display hegemony over a conquered landscape (Kolodney and Kallus, 2008)
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Haifa - strategic gateway point between Jordan / Iraq and USA /Europe.
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Iraq-to-Haifa oil pipeline - since 1948 War of Independence the pipeline remained dormant - passage of oil from Iraq through already existing infrastructure could spur - tankers from all over the world would take on loads of crude oil, or oil already refined in Haifa's refineries - oil coming straight from Iraq to Israeli biggest port could reduce Israeli energy prices providing a much-needed break for the flagging local economy (www.haaretz.com, 2003)
As the future prosperity of Haifa largely depends on relations with its neighbors to the east, the aim is to identify the key areas of consensus and come up with a proposal which promotes social & cultural cohesion at the local level.
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PORT of HAIFA - the largest of Israel's three major international seaports, - operates all year long, and serves both passenger and cargo ships, - 22 million tons of goods pass through the port - Over 1000 people work there with the number rising to 5000 when cruise ships dock in Haifa
Data for year 2007. http://www.haifaport.co.il/
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PORT of HAIFA - new Carmelit Terminal – work in progress - date of end of investition – year 2014 - intervention will double the terminals capacity - plans for Kishon East Terminal - date of beggining of investition – year 2011 - adding 25% storage capacity to Eastern Terminal
Data for year 2007. http://www.haifaport.co.il/
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PORT of HAIFA
Cargo Traffic
Passenger Traffic (in thousands)
Data for year 2007. http://www.haifaport.co.il/
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PORT of HAIFA - Impressions
Data for year 2007. http://www.haifaport.co.il/
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ETHNIC GROUPS
82% Jews 14% Christians 4% Arabs
Data for year 2008. Israel Central Bureau of Statistics ( `) הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה
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higher parts = rich areas
Jews Christians Arabs
lower parts = poor areas -high density of low-quality -housing. Data for year 2008. Israel Government Tourism Ministry: Cities – Haifa
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ETHNIC GROUPS Mahmood Mosque
Jews Haifa's Great Synagogue Christians Arabs
Baha'i Shrine & Gardens ( Baha'is believe in the unity of all religions and see all religious leaders )
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Stella Maris Lighthouse, Church and Carmelite Monastery
Ohel Aaron Technion Synagogue
Data from: Google Maps and www.haifa-israel.info/viereligieuseanglais
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Arabs
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Universities -Two main universities - University of Haifa - The Technion
Cultural centre
- Six others high education schools - Far from the city centre and the scientific quarter - Technion is not well connected from the Matam - University of Haifa is not well connected to the city centre
Scientific centre
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The Haifa Mediterranean Biennale
-In 2010 first International Haifa Mediterranean Biennale of contemporary art - Just next to the city centre in the port place - 41 international artists invited - Improve cultural tourism and bring a lot of peoples
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Local festivals & cultural venues - Since 1983 Haifa International Film Festival - 60,000 people come each years - Since 1994 Haifa International Cartoon Festival - Also a sand sculpture festival - 14 museums and 7 cultural centers - City is involved in the cultural life
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Mount Carmel - Mount Carmel National Park - 21,000 acres - One third of it is a Natural reserve - Just near from the city
Wadis - Wadis are dry riverbeds that contain water only during times of heavy rain. - As green fingers, they enter in between the neighborhoods situated on the Mount Carmel. - - These wadis permit to green spaces to enter in the city and to make the Mount Carmel so attractive.
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Bat Galim Beach The shore of Bat Galim holds another secret, beyond the interesting reef and the rich marine life. The point where the head of the Carmel ridge meets the sea, creates ideal conditions of winds and waves. In fact, the stretch of sea that goes from the Oceanographic Institute to the Navy base is a surfer’s paradise on an international scale. Despite the natural charm of the place, the municipality of Haifa has been trying to develop it for the past few years by extensive construction, which includes, among other things, a marina.
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Stairway One of the highlights of touring the Carmel towards the sea is strolling in the stairway routes. The Haifa stairway “phenomenon” is unfamiliar to the residents of flat cities in Israel, and is a mystery to residents of Jerusalem as well. Due to the unique topography of the city, most streets that head down from the Carmel follow the ridge contour lines. Crossing them, almost hidden from view, are dozens of stairways. They have a functional purpose but at the same time add a unique dimension to city’s urban texture
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MASS TRANSIT TRANSPORT SYSTEM
Metronit (Bus Rapid Transit)
Carmelit
Suburban rail & interurban rail
Terminal
Tunnel (rail & vehicular)
Haifa University
Cable Car
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INTERFERENCE (ĭn'tər-fîr'əns) • •
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The act or an instance of hindering, obstructing, or impeding. Physics. The process in which two or more light, sound, or electromagnetic waves of the same frequency combine to reinforce or cancel each other, the amplitude of the resulting wave being equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the combining waves. Radio.
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Football.
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The act of a teammate or of teammates running ahead of a ball-carrier and blocking prospective tacklers out of the way: to run interference for the halfback. Such a teammate or such teammates collectively: to follow one's interference. The act of illegally hindering an opponent from catching a forward pass or a kick.
Aeronautics. The situation that arises when the aerodynamic influence of one surface of an aircraft conflicts with the influence of another surface. Linguistics.
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A jumbling of radio signals, caused by the reception of undesired ones. The signals or device producing the incoherence.
The overlapping of two languages (in bilingualism and foreign-language learning). Deviation from the norm of either language in such a situation.
The distorting or inhibiting effect of previously learned behavior on subsequent learning. Psychology. The forgetting of information or an event due to inability to reconcile it with conflicting information obtained subsequently. run interference, Informal. to deal with troublesome or time-consuming matters, as for a colleague or supervisor, esp. to forestall problems.
INTERFERENCE (ĭn'tər-fîr'əns) • •
•
The act or an instance of hindering, obstructing, or impeding. Physics. The process in which two or more light, sound, or electromagnetic waves of the same frequency combine to reinforce or cancel each other, the amplitude of the resulting wave being equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the combining waves. Radio.
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Football.
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The act of a teammate or of teammates running ahead of a ball-carrier and blocking prospective tacklers out of the way: to run interference for the halfback. Such a teammate or such teammates collectively: to follow one's interference. The act of illegally hindering an opponent from catching a forward pass or a kick.
Aeronautics. The situation that arises when the aerodynamic influence of one surface of an aircraft conflicts with the influence of another surface. Linguistics.
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A jumbling of radio signals, caused by the reception of undesired ones. The signals or device producing the incoherence.
The overlapping of two languages (in bilingualism and foreign-language learning). Deviation from the norm of either language in such a situation.
The distorting or inhibiting effect of previously learned behavior on subsequent learning. Psychology. The forgetting of information or an event due to inability to reconcile it with conflicting information obtained subsequently. run interference, Informal. to deal with troublesome or time-consuming matters, as for a colleague or supervisor, esp. to forestall problems.
INTERFERENCE (ĭn'tər-fîr'əns) Physics. The process in which two or more light, sound, or electromagnetic waves of the same frequency combine to reinforce or cancel each other, the amplitude of the resulting wave being equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the combining waves. In physics, interference is the addition (superposition) of two or more waves that results in a new wave pattern. Interference usually refers to the interaction of waves that are correlated or coherent with each other, either because they come from the same source or because they have the same or nearly the same frequency. Combined Waveform
wave 1 wave 2
Two waves in phase
Two waves 180° out of phase
Bright bands are the result of constructive interference while the dark bands are the result of destructive interference.
MEANING ACCORDING TO HAIFA’S CASE
The waves can reinforce each other when they are in phase or cancel themselves when they are in opposite phases. In between these two extremes there are a lot of variants to be made In Haifa the waves that come together in a new pattern could be seen as the different religions But as well the see that will contact to the city and the villages in the mountains that will Interfere with the Arab neighborhoods in the city center.
Colours in oil on water by interference of white light
PARSING, PARSE (pärs) •
In computer Science and Linguistic
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process of analyzing a text, made of a sequence of tokens (for example, words), to determine its grammatical structure with respect to a given (more or less) formal grammar. diagramming of sentences of natural languages.
To describe (a word) by stating its part of speech, form, and syntactical relationships in a sentence.
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To examine closely or subject to detailed analysis, especially by breaking up into components: "What are we missing by parsing the behavior of chimpanzees into the conventional categories recognized largely from our own behavior?" (Stephen Jay Gould). To make sense of; comprehend: I simply couldn't parse what you just said.
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To break (a sentence) down into its component parts of speech with an explanation of the form, function, and syntactical relationship of each part.
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The term parsing comes from Latin pars (ōrātiōnis), meaning part (of speech).
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In computing, a parser is one of the components in an interpreter or compiler, which checks for correct syntax and builds a data structure (often some kind of parse tree, abstract syntax tree or other hierarchical structure) implicit in the input tokens. The parser often uses a separate lexical analyzer to create tokens from the sequence of input characters. Parsers may be programmed by hand or may be (semi)automatically generated (in some programming languages) by a tool (such as Yacc) from a grammar written in Backus-Naur form.
TRAP (trăp) •
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In everyday speech
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A contrivance for catching and holding animals, as a concealed pit or a clamplike device that springs shut suddenly.
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A stratagem for catching or tricking an unwary person.
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A confining or undesirable circumstance from which escape or relief is difficult: fell into poverty's trap.
In sports
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A defensive strategy or play, as in basketball or hockey, in which two or more defenders converge on an offensive player shortly after the player gains possession of the ball or puck.
In computing and operating systems:
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trap
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synchronous
interrupt
typically
caused
by
an exceptional condition (e.g. division by zero or invalid memory access) in a user process. A trap usually results in a switch to kernel mode, wherein the operating system performs some action before returning control to the originating process. In some usages, the termtrap refers specifically to an interrupt intended to initiate a context switch to a monitor program or debugger.
PARSING TRAPS 2 interpretations:
PARSING Dividing into parts, analysing small elements. TRAPS Danger During working on the urban planning solutions we should be carefull when focusing on small parts of the city or on very specific aspects. Going to far with looking for solution for a little area may cause running out of overall context. The solution can fit for particural part of our working area, but not work with whole rest. During parsing the territory, you can get into trap.
PARSING checks for correct structure TRAPS codes checking for errors in a file This approach shows the metodology of small changes in the area which heals whole surrounding. Parsing traps are not deleting all the code – they are just catching the wrong phrases. The solution for Haifa is to focus on small elements of the city which disturbs the rest of area to develop in the correct direction and trasform those disturbing elements as strong integral parts working well in existing and future city.