Professional Electrician & Installer March 2024 by Hamerville Media Group

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TO EE FR DE RA ET TH

PROFESSIONAL

ELECTRICIAN THE BUSINESS MAGAZINE FOR THE ELECTRICAL TRADE

& INSTALLER

MARCH 2024

THANKS A ‘MILLI’ OVIA SWITCHES UP ITS DOWNLIGHT OFFERING

ENTER THE CPD ZONE! YOU COULD EARN 1X CPD CREDIT THIS MONTH

ALSO IN THIS ISSUE: INDUSTRY NEWS l NEW PRODUCTS l CAUGHT ON CAMERA l REVIEWS l AND MORE …

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Total Average Net Distribution: 81,413 Certification period: 1 January 2022 - 31 December 2022

March 2024 Volume 40 No.3

Regulars 7

VIEWPOINT

NEWS

21 THE DIARY OF AN INVENTOR NEW 22 MONTY’S MUSINGS NEW 45 MADE 2 MEASURE 46 ELEX 81 CAUGHT ON CAMERA COVER STORY

18 Shining a light on one of Ovia’s star performers for the year ahead Should you look to recruit an apprentice, or is an adult trainee the better route?

The CPD Zone

Electrical Accessories

Products & Business Solutions

26 The team at NAPIT ‘codebreak’ more of the latest reader submissions

49 Guidance for the use of electrical accessories in accordance with Approved Document M – access to and use of buildings

61 Will the world’s current global crisis will provide a driver of change in the energy market?

29 A look at Chapter 82 of BS 7671 and embedded renewable sources, either used in conjunction with the existing supply for an installation or as an alternative and independent source of electrical energy forming a prosumer’s low-voltage electrical installation (PEI) 33 How to respond to the age-old conundrum of how long LEDs really last 36 Examining the practice of burying cables 38 Getting a better handle on the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) and speciﬁc rules for how contractors must handle payments made to subcontractors for construction work 41 What are the requirements of the amended Approved Document Part F and how can electricians meet them?

52 How and why switchsocket innovations are driving change in 2024 55 Finding out more about the latest addition to the Selectric portfolio of switches 56 George Robertson reviews the C.K Tools MightyScope inspection camera 58 IDEAL’s Twin & Earth kit for ﬂat cable is put through its paces

65 We take a closer look at the decade-long journey of All LED, as the brand celebrates a special landmark anniversary 67 Why the need for comfort, wellbeing and efficiency not only shaped the first trousers but has driven the latest innovation in modern work trousers almost 2,500 years later 70 What value can KNX training and certification bring to electrical contractors? 72 Which products have been specified, and where? 75 Rounding-up the newest products, tools and equipment to help you in your work

Prize Draw

Approved Document M: compliance advice

63 WIN! Get your hands on one of ﬁve C.K Tools new Redline VDE Cable Cutters

PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN March 2024 3

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@proelectrician

professionalelectrician

Meet the team Editor RICHARD BOWLER email: pe@hamerville.co.uk Digital Manager REBECCA MCGEOCH email: rmcgeoch@hamerville.co.uk Digital Assistant ADAM ROBERTS email: aroberts@hamerville.co.uk Advertisement Manager ANTHONY SCOTT email: ascott@hamerville.co.uk Assistant Advertisement Manager IAN TURNER email: ianturner@hamerville.co.uk Design ADEEL QADRI Production Assistant KERRI SMITH Group Production Manager CAROL PADGETT Distribution Manager KARL CLARK Printed by: PCP TELFORD Published by: HAMERVILLE MEDIA GROUP Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF Tel: 01923 237799 Fax: 01923 246901 Email: pe@hamerville.co.uk PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN is the business journal for the electrical contracting industry. It is available to the trade at leading electrical wholesalers throughout the UK. © 2024 Subscriptions to PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN are available. Please contact us for rates.

Image References (Adobe Stock): Pg 9 Broken pipeline © Tiero Pg 22 Apprentice electrician © Auremar Pg 25 CPD sign © BeenaTreena Pg 61 Green technology © IQRA Pg 62 BIM survey © Kokliang1981

pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

Editor’s Viewpoint

“We’ve got a problem, mate – are you ‘free’?” ‘If you’re good at something, never do it for free’. There are many quirks in life that I find interesting, but since finding employment in trade publishing one that has become increasingly apparent is the esteem that other professions are held, in comparison to the core trades, especially when it comes to potential customers asking for preferential pricing or ‘mate’s rates’. Indeed, the old adage that everyone should know a good electrician, plumber or builder springs to mind here, and even better if they happen to be a family member or a personal friend. Not only is a skilled professional just a phone call away, but better still you can get a nice discount purely from your association. New research suggests that not only is this outdated attitude still prevalent, it’s on the rise, with trade workers being asked nine times a month on average by friends or family for free labour or advice. Although the majority (rightly) would not do the job unless they were paid, a report by Helly Hansen Workwear reveals workers give up over a week of their time on average every month, free of charge. Eager to please, a quarter (25%) offer ‘mate’s rates’ as they feel guilty not doing it and 68% say they feel pressure to, even though they don’t want to (23%). On average, those who do cheap work for friends and family believe they lose out on around £1,400 a year. As a result, workers are hit by two different losses – time AND money. However, 39% admit they make up excuses, such as being “too busy”, to get out of doing free work for friends. Almost a quarter (22%) have pretended they have an emergency to deal with, while 1 in 5 (21%) fake illness to get out of doing jobs they will not be paid for. In the case of self-employed trade business owners, they don’t get paid holidays, annual leave, sick pay, or receive industry perks. Instead, in a good number of cases, they have to graft for every

penny to make ends meet and to afford themselves the time off work that so many of us ‘employed’ individuals have the luxury of being able to simply book in on a calendar or spreadsheet. And why should trades professionals be expected to support friends and family who, in a lot of circumstances, may be in a better position as an employeee of a firm? Of course, the electrical industry in particular, is one that has a generous spirit throughout its core and there will doubtless have been lots of occasions where many of you reading this column will have put your skills to good use as a favour for someone, or taken on the odd job at a discounted rate. That’s your right to do so, but it’s the weight of expectation that’s the killer. Will it stop at just one job/favour, and will you be paid accordingly next time you’re called upon? Of course, it shouldn’t have to come to this – especially if said individuals know you well enough to understand that you have a business to run, and appreciate that they are fortunate as it is, to be able to call on a skilled professional who will likely fit them in at a moment’s notice. Sometimes a bit of straight talking is what’s required, as difficult as that may be. Educate them on the costs involved when you’re running a business and explain that you’re putting all your profit back into your company so that you can ensure you have a business that is profitable and a life that is representative of that. If they won’t accept that explanation, it’s probably time to take a look at your friendship group! After all, if you were asking the same of a family member or friend who works as a doctor, dentist, lawyer or architect, you can guess what the response will be! Have a good month and enjoy the issue.

Richard B owler PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN March 2024 7

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news @proelectrician

For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

professionalelectrician

pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

ECA urges Westminster to focus on ‘broken skills pipeline’ ECA has urged policymakers to rethink their approach to electrical skills development or risk a further skills shortage in the future. Speaking at the recent Westminster Employment Forum, ECA COO, Andrew Eldred, warned ministers that individuals undertaking net zero electrical installations without the proper skills, knowledge, experience and behaviours are not competent, and potentially unsafe. Andrew was joined at the event by speakers including Andy Burnham, Mayor of Greater Manchester; Parminder Kohli, Commissioner, Social Mobility Commission; Mark Hilton, Policy Delivery Director, BusinessLDN; and Suzanne Caldwell, Chief Executive, Cumbria Chamber of Commerce. The forum focused on next steps for devolved skills policy and local skills improvement plans (LSIPs) in England, following the launch of the Local Skills Improvement Fund (LSIF). Andrew said: “The shortage of qualiﬁed electricians in England, intensiﬁed by a broken skills pipeline, poses a serious but solvable challenge to achieving national, regional and local net zero targets.

“ECA urges policymakers, industry leaders and educators to endorse our Recharging Electrical Skills Charter to build a competent electrotechnical workforce which can deliver the essential expansion of net zero technologies, including solar PV, battery storage and electric vehicle charge points.” Out of around 200,000 electricians practising in England, at least 35,000 currently lack industry recognised Level 3 qualiﬁcations. In addition, fewer than 10% of the 20,000 learners currently enrolling onto publicly funded classroom-based electrical courses each year subsequently progress into an apprenticeship. To meet these challenges, ECA’s Recharging Electrical Skills Charter

proposes a number of policy changes to upskill the existing electrical workforce and grow electrical apprentice starts in England from 7,500 to 10,000 annually. Andrew Eldred added: “Through closer engagement and coordination locally we can start to bring the number of apprentice starts up to a sustainable level. We can also create appropriate green upskilling opportunities for qualified electricians using the industry’s own ‘Electrician PLUS’ kitemark. “Policymakers also need to recognise that the present Skills Bootcamp approach in England is not fit for purpose for equipping electricians with the right qualifications to install low-carbon technologies efficiently and safely.”

NICEIC’s exciting showcase at ELEX NICEIC has announced it will attend all six ELEX events in 2024. The show calendar kicks off on 29th February – March 1st at Alexandra Palace in London, with further shows then set to follow in Bolton, Exeter, Harrogate, Coventry, and Surrey. NICEIC Event Manager, Sarah Hunter, expressed her enthusiasm for the event, stating: “We are thrilled to be attending ELEX 2024. The NICEIC stand will provide an excellent opportunity for visitors to access the industry's best technical minds and resources, and to learn more about our services. “Our technical team will be on-site to offer advice and answer questions about the NICEIC assessment process, products, and training. We look forward to meeting you.”

Visitors can expect NICEIC’s stand to be one of the go-to places for expert technical advice. The brand will be running two CPD-accredited seminars on each day of the show, covering top tips for successful electric vehicle charging point installations, and 132.16: additions and alterations to existing installations. Those interested in exploring prosumer installations can check out NICEIC’s demonstration rig. Visitors can learn how to integrate battery storage systems with new or existing installations and discover the benefits of producing and consuming

self-generated energy. Additionally, exclusive discounts will be offered on NICEIC publications and training courses. REGISTER FOR A FREE ELEX SHOW TICKET AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA001

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news @proelectrician

For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

professionalelectrician

pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

ZZEUS launches NVQ for experienced fire alarm engineers ZZEUS has become the ﬁrst training organisation in England to oﬀer the EAL Level 3 Diploma in Providing Electronic Fire & Security Systems. This qualification acts as a crucial stepping stone towards ensuring building duty holders are using competent fire alarm operatives – a requirement highlighted in new legislation, the Building Safety Act October 2023. The first four fire alarm engineers to complete the qualification at ZZEUS were Shaun Wright, Daren Pool, Gary Flockton, and John Watts, who were each honoured with their certificates by Dame Judith Hackitt, Chair of the Independent Review of Building Regulations and Fire Safety post-Grenfell, and a board member of EAL. Judith Hackitt commended ZZEUS Training as “pioneers in fire system training”, as she joined Al Parkes, EAL’s Managing Director, in celebrating the achievement in London. Headquartered in Lincoln, ZZEUS has remained at the forefront of the fire industry and has become an industry favourite for hands-on fire alarm training. The company has now opened bookings for the NVQ, which is available to all experienced workers who previously did not have a meaningful, practical qualification such as an apprenticeship, to

demonstrate their competence. The NVQ covers the electronic fire systems' design, installation, testing, commissioning, maintenance, and auditing. Each learner is required to attain eight units, which comprises seven mandatory units and at least one of the optional units. Units are assessed and endorsed against the learner's chosen discipline. Learners will also be required to create a Portfolio of Evidence on the ZZEUS Training portal to prove their competence in the workplace, followed by a site audit. Dr Tom Brookes, Managing Director of ZZEUS Training and Chairman of the Fire & Security Association (FSA), commented: “This qualification will enable experienced

workers to obtain their ECS FESS Fire Alarm Technician Gold Card, allowing them to operate on systems independently. Additionally, it’s a recognised pathway to the IET membership and, ultimately, EngTech, which would elevate fire alarm engineers to professional engineering status. “To guarantee maximum benefit to the learner, all ZZEUS qualifications also meet the requirements of the new BAFE SP203-1 scheme lead person roles.” LEARN MORE ABOUT THE NVQ AND HOW TO ENROL WITH ZZEUS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA002

Knightsbridge and NOAH bring hope to the homeless In what has become an annual tradition for the company, Knightsbridge has provided additional support to the homeless with a significant donation to a regional charity doing great work in the field. NOAH Enterprise is local to Knightsbridge and seeks to help the most disadvantaged in Luton and Central Bedfordshire by providing a practical, empowering and caring service to homeless people, particularly those who are temporary or entrenched rough sleepers; and those who are marginalised, socially excluded or have fallen into poverty. NOAH provides a broad range of support services, ranging from an emergency winter night shelter and a welfare centre providing hot meals and legal and health advice, through to outreach on the streets and the NOAH academy, which delivers education and training helping people with work experience and volunteering and so, ultimately, back into work. Knightsbridge is closely aligned with the work of

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homelessness charities and is donating £9,500 from recent monthly sales of its Weatherproof range to them. LEARN MORE ABOUT NOAH AND HOW YOU CAN SUPPORT ITS WORK AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA003

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news @proelectrician

For the latest electrical news visit www.professional-electrician.com

professionalelectrician

pe@hamerville.co.uk

Professional Electrician, Regal House, Regal Way, Watford, Herts, WD24 4YF

NICEIC enhances training portfolio with the addition of Installation Electrician EWA NICEIC has announced the addition of the Installation Electrician Experienced Worker Assessment (EWA) to its broad training portfolio. This industry approved pathway oﬀers experienced electricians, who might not have completed an apprenticeship or secured a Level 3 vocational qualiﬁcation

(or equivalent) a formal means to validate their competence and industry experience. Candidates applying to undertake the Installation Electrician EWA must have at least five years’ proven experience working as an electrician (excluding any time spent in training) and must hold a Level 2 electrical qualification. Achievement of the EWA, and its endpoint assessment, is recognised in the Electrotechnical Assessment Specification as equivalent to an industry apprenticeship and meets the application criteria for electrical certification bodies such as NICEIC.

New book launch details life as a spark So You want to be an electrician?

An industry professional has released a brand new book, aimed at those who might be interested in pursuing a career in the electrical sector. Author Gary Alder, a Chartered Engineer & Fellow of the IET, said: “Many of us toy with the idea of entering the trades and becoming an electrician is a viable option for many. This book gives GARY ALDER individuals the opportunity to learn all about the industry and aims to shed light on the intricacies of a life in the trade, providing a comprehensive guide for aspiring electricians.” So, You Want To Be An Electrician? is available to purchase now. FIND OUT HOW TO ORDER A COPY OF THE BOOK AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA005 Your complete guide to the electrical industry

Furthermore, the assessment meets the requirements for an Electrotechnical Certiﬁcation Scheme (ECS) gold card. As part of the process, candidates must compile a portfolio of work and undertake practical assessments. On completion of this phase, participants will be required to pass an AM2E assessment, which mirrors the AM2S assessment taken by apprentices at the end of their training. LEARN MORE ABOUT NICEIC’S INSTALLATION ELECTRICIAN EWA AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA004

Enter the ATC Academy ATC is offering the opportunity for installers to undertake valuable product training in the brand’s Energy Efficient Showroom and Academy. Created as a customer learning centre, the ATC Academy is a hub for strengthening your knowledge of the ATC range of energy efficient electric heating and high speed hand dryers through CPD training. It is designed for electrical contractors, architects and consulting engineers. Additionally, product experts walk you through the Energy Efficient Showroom, demonstrating how ATC products operate through live demos, helping to simplify the workings of the technology and the intricacies of each product. WATCH A VIDEO DIARY OF A DAY AT THE ATC ACADEMY BY VISITING: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA006

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COVER STORY

With Issue 5 of the Ovia catalogue recently released into circulation, Mike Collins, Managing Director, shines a light on one of the new light fittings which he believes will be a star performer for the company this year.

OVIA – SWITCHING UP ITS DOWNLIGHT OFFER mall and compact in name and format but packing a huge punch when it comes to features and benefits is the new Inceptor Milli dimmable, fixed, fire-rated LED downlight. Designed to complement the range of downlight solutions already offered by Ovia, Inceptor Milli is aimed predominantly at the domestic market. It combines style and functionality to provide installers with a downlight that is quick and easy to fit and offers a range of features at the flick of a switch.

Standard or baffle Inceptor Milli is an IP65-rated downlight that is available both in standard/fixed and baffle versions. The standard version provides a 60˚ beam angle, while the baffle provides a more focused 25˚ angle. The baffle design ensures a more concentrated and directional illumination,

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making it an ideal choice for highlighting specific areas. The baffle is offered in a choice of white or black. Five bezel finishes are available, with a choice of white, black, chrome, satin chrome and antique brass on offer. With the standard version you simply order the finish of your choice as a fixed finish. The baffle version is supplied with a white bezel, but this can be interchanged with any of the other finishes and they are purchased separately. Simply twist the existing bezel to remove and replace with the colour finish of your choice. This also means that for a fresh new look in the future, it’s simply a case of replacing the bezels with an alternative finish. Switching it up A key feature to highlight with the Milli downlight is the element of control that is offered in this one fitting. There is the option to seamlessly switch between 6.4 W

and 4 W power outputs using a single switch to provide users with unprecedented control over their lighting environments. There is also the ability to easily switch the colour temperatures between 2700K (warm white), 4000K (cool white) and 6500K (daylight). This allows for eﬀortless adaptation to varying lighting needs and makes is easy for the end user to tailor the lighting to suit their individual needs. Whether they’re seeking a vibrant, well-lit atmosphere or a more subdued,

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energy-conscious ambiance, the Inceptor Milli ensures optimal flexibility. Rotatable insulation cover One feature that sets the Inceptor Milli apart is the insulation cover which introduces a practical solution for installation challenges. The rotatable insulation cover allows you to install the downlights safely under insulation but also adjust the cover, allowing for 5 mm extra clearance. On the standard/fixed Milli downlight the insulation cover can be twisted to the up and down position and still fit in a 60 mm void. The baffle version can only fit in a 60 mm void when the insulation cover is down and the plasterboard is a minimum thickness of 12.5 cm. By accommodating insulation materials more effectively, the Inceptor Milli ensures optimal performance. Unrestricted airflow around the fixture helps manage heat dissipation, contributing to the longevity and efficiency of the downlight. Our downlights are fire rated to 30, 60 and 90 minutes and also feature an

intumescent strip, which, when exposed to fire, expands to seal the gap between the light fitting and plasterboard. Fast fit connection All Inceptor Milli downlights are supplied pre-wired with a Fast-Fit, 3-Pole & Loop Flow connector, and we also provide a loose push-fit Flow connector in the box which ensures a quick and easy installation process. Broad cut-out range The Inceptor Milli has a broad cut-out range of 64 mm to 75 mm, which allows the downlights to be installed in a wide range of existing ceiling downlight cut-outs. Multi-pack With the aim of providing a practical and cost-effective solution for a comprehensive range of lighting projects, Inceptor Milli is available in a convenient 10-pack box.

“We’re proud advocates Sustainable Inceptor Our industry is currently evolving from a of TM66 and have been linear to a circular economy, and this will given the opportunity to only intensify in the coming months and years. The emphasis is on reducing the be founding partners, amount of waste that goes to landﬁll by embracing a re-using, remaking/repairing demonstrating our and recycling mentality. Sustainability drives all the decisions commitment to a circular and actions we make at Ovia. We’re economy for our industry” committed to contributing to the transition

to a circular economy and our aim is to make Ovia a market leader in sustainable lighting. TM66 Assured Product Verification Scheme We’re working towards our Inceptor luminaires scoring highly on the TM66 Assured Product Verification Scheme. This scheme is an innovative initiative developed and fulfilled by the Lighting Industry Association (LIA) and endorsed by CIBSE (Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) and its aim is to advance circular economy practices within the lighting industry. Our Inceptor products have been tested and scored well on the TM66 Circularity Report. Testing involves the gathering of thorough evidence to support the specifications of our product range. We use the LIA to verify our TM66 results to ensure we have a consistent and accurate rating. We’re proud advocates of TM66 and have been given the opportunity to be founding partners, demonstrating our commitment to a circular economy for our industry. BROWSE OR DOWNLOAD THE LATEST OVIA LIGHTING CATALOGUE BY VISITING: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA007

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# SMAR TI NV ENTIO NS with…

THE DI ARY OF AN I NV ENTOR What is your invention and what is it designed to do? When continuity testing on radial circuits, the R1 R2 Link (SRR1R2) allows you to link R1+R2 together at the consumer unit without disconnecting any conductors. What is your background in the electrical industry? I originally worked for eight years as an Electrical Engineer before taking up a positon teaching. I then came back into the industry around ﬁve years ago. What inspired your invention? I’ve assessed a lot of people on Inspection & Testing qualiﬁcations and always felt there had to be a better way of linking R1+R2 without disconnecting the conductors from the board in any way. I also wanted to come up with an idea to reduce the amount of damage on test rigs, and particularly examination boards. Are there any other scenarios where the R1 R2 Link will prove useful? I’ve found the product to be an invaluable aid when undertaking EICRs on consumer units, as it helps to make continuity testing less invasive and reduces the risk of causing damage.

1x 750mm pz2 mcbs

1x 750mm pz1 rcbos

NAME: WAYNE DRAPER FROM: Aberdare, South Wales OCCUPATION: Lecturer (Part Time), Electrician (Part Time) INVENTION: The R1 R2 Link (SRR1R2) Why are the probes shaped like a PZ screwdriver bit? An R1+R2 test is carried out with a low resistance ohm meter with a high level of accuracy required. It is essential that any equipment doesn’t add any additional resistance to the results as this could lead to an electrician looking for a problem that doesn’t exist. By having the R1 R2 Link in the shape of a PZ screwdriver head it increases the surface area of the probe which significantly reduces the contact resistance and guarantees that no more than 0.01Ω will be added to the reading. How is the R1 R2 Link different to other magnetic probes and links? Most magnetic probes have the magnet at the tip of the probe. These aren’t suitable for low resistance testing as testing through the magnet adds a significant amount of additional resistance to the reading. The R1 R2 Link has been designed with the magnet sitting behind the screwdriver bit, so no significant additional resistance is added to the result as the magnet isn’t in series with the circuit under test.

Why are there two diﬀerent probe types? The red R1 R2 Link has a PZ2 probe and a short shaft, making it suitable for MCBs and some RCBOs. The yellow R1 R2 Link has a PZ1 probe and longer shaft, making it suitable for RCBOs and AFDDs with deeper recessed terminals. Are the magnets strong? The magnets are strong enough to guarantee that a low resistance connection of 0.01Ω or less will be maintained. The tight ﬁt of the screwdriver bit facilitates this and also adds to the strength of the connection. Why did you work with Super Rod? Once I met Malcolm, Sam and the team, I knew I could trust them to look after my idea and business interests. There was a great level of engagement from the start and I’ve been involved with every decision in bringing the product to market. This, coupled with its manufacturing base and distribution network, made Super Rod an attractive partner. Finally, any tips for would-be inventors? This Linus Paulin quote sums it up nicely: “If you want to have a great idea, have lots of ideas”.

DO YOU HAVE A CLEVER IDEA FOR THE NEXT ‘MUST HAVE’ TOOL? CONTACT: DEVELOPMENTIDEAS@SUPER-ROD.CO.UK

FOR MORE INFORMATION ON THE SUPER ROD R1 R2 LINK TOOL (SRR1R2) VISIT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA008

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MONTY’S MUSINGS

In a new series of regular articles, Pete (Monty) Monfort, Director of Arena Training Centre and Monty Electrics, uses his own experiences to help advise electrical professionals on the best routes for their business and the subsequent training and education that’s required. This month he discusses recruitment.

new year, new blood? T l l l l

he UK Trade Skills Index 2023 report provided some alarming statistics:

One third of the workforce is aged over 50 and due to retire in the next decade. 244,000 new entrants are required to plug the skills gap by 2032. 24,400 apprentices must qualify each year to meet the demand. 100,000 electricians will be needed by 2032.

Although concerning, those of you who run your own business should see this as a great opportunity to help bridge the skills gap and ensure your ﬁrm grows at the same time. So, how can you attract new entrants into your business? I suggest two approaches: 1. Apprenticeships There are huge beneﬁts from taking on an apprentice, including: l l

l l

The chance to develop a workforce with skills speciﬁc to your business, Allows existing staﬀ to pass on their knowledge to the next generation of employees, Provides you with a motivated and fast-developing workforce, Training is funded.

The success of those you recruit will, to

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some extent, equate to the effort you put into your selection and recruitment processes. Recruiting an apprentice is straightforward in that you can simply advertise a role. However, if you want to avoid recruiting someone that fits the negative image that some can portray of young apprentices you might consider putting some effort into engaging with young people who are looking for work. You could offer to attend local school careers events or offer work experience, giving you the chance to sell your brand, attract the right sort of people and assess their suitability. To help you navigate the process of taking on an apprenticeship it’s necessary to find an apprenticeship provider, such as JTL, who will ensure you have the correct policies, safeguarding and insurance in place to successfully appoint and secure funding. 2. Adult trainees There are large numbers of adults undertaking technical courses such as the City & Guilds 2365 Level 2 and 3 Diploma in Electrical Installations (Buildings and Structures) who wish to change career and become electricians. Unfortunately, in order to progress from their technical training, they need to secure employment in order to complete a Level 3 NVQ, which is a work/evidence based qualification. Given that some of this training attracts

government funding you might think there would be a mechanism to move learners into jobs, but there isn’t, and this represents a pool of untapped potential. Again, there are a number of advantages with employing mature entrants, such as: l l

Maturity makes a diﬀerence at work, Entrants have often learned skills from other roles which could be useful to the business, especially if they’ve worked in engineering, data and networking, or IT previously, Entrants are normally serious about their eﬀorts to progress. Some of them will have already spent thousands of pounds on training.

Recruiting is fairly straightforward – you simply need to advertise the roles. But why go to the barrel when you can pick from the apple tree? Introduce yourself to the local training providers in your area and call in and see the learners. You might even have chance to see them in the workshop where you can get a feel for their practical skills and capacity to take feedback on board. Taking on new entrants is a rewarding and worthwhile exercise. For further information and support, speak with your local training provider. If you’re based in South Yorkshire why not call in for a chat with Arena Training Centre – we’ll be happy to hear from you.

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THE CPD ZONE

ENTER THE CPD ZONE AND EARN 1 CPD CREDIT TOWARDS YOUR PROFESSIONAL RECORD! ontinuing professional development (CPD) can be broadly defined as any type of learning you undertake which increases your knowledge, understanding and experiences of a subject area or role. To help professionals to better document and prove this process, our CPD Zone contains content and articles that have been checked, verified and accredited by a third-party specialist organisation. Collectively, the content within this section has been deemed worthy of 1 x CPD credit, or one hours’ worth of CPD. Once this content has been consumed, readers will have the opportunity to scan a QR code which will provide a bespoke, downloadable certificate that can be used as part of a

professional’s ongoing CPD record. This means that if you’re a monthly reader of PE, you could earn up to 11 credits, or 11 hours’ worth of CPD, just by reading a regular copy of your favourite independent industry magazine in 2024. DO NOT SCAN THE QR CODE UNLESS YOU HAVE READ ALL OF THE CONTENT WITHIN THIS SECTION! A large element of CPD involves self-certification and relies on professionals being honest about what they have actually read, consumed and digested. A QR code and RDRLink code have been placed with the final article in this month’s CPD Zone and ONLY once you have read ALL of the articles within this section, should you then scan/enter the code to receive your bespoke certificate. By skipping any of these steps, you’re not just cheating the system, but yourself and your fellow professionals at the same time!

NEW USERS – ACCESS YOUR BESPOKE CPD CERTIFICATE IN FIVE STEPS 1. Read ALL of the content and articles included within this month’s CPD Zone. 2. Scan the QR code or enter the RDRLink code with the last article in this section. 3. Enter your email address. 4. Fill out your details on the contact form. 5. Download your certificate for use as part of your annual CPD record. PREVIOUS USERS – ACCESS YOUR CPD CERTIFICATE IN FOUR STEPS 1. Read ALL of the content and articles included within this month’s CPD Zone. 2. Scan the QR code or enter the RDRLink code with the last article in this section. 3. Enter your name and email address. 4. Download your certificate for use as part of your annual CPD record. All certificates are valid for one year from the issue date. If you’re having any issues with downloading your certificate or using the system, please email us at: pe@hamerville.co.uk

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CODEBREAKERS EVANS ALL ELECTRICAL: HERE WE HAVE POSSIBLY THE WORST INSTALLATION KNOWN TO MAN. UNFORTUNATELY, WE HAD THE (MIS)FORTUNE OF CARRYING OUT THE EICR.

When carrying out an EICR it never fails to amaze me the level of poor workmanship, and the disregard for fundamental electrical safety. In this case the images provided were extensive but, due to space, we can only review a small selection of them here. We may revisit some of the others at a later date. Often the observations we encounter during an EICR would be subject to non-compliances which would give rise to danger, although the majority are items which haven’t been correctly installed in the first place. The image on the right has a protective bonding conductor that hasn’t be correctly terminated, supported or provided with a safety label. The conductor is resting on the incoming water service pipe. The image on the left reveals an earth E electrode connection which has not been provided with protection against mechanical damage or external influences.

The Observations, Regulation infringements and Codes applicable to this observation would be: The protective bonding conductor has not been provided with a reliable termination to the main water pipe

411.3.1.2

Earthing conductor not adequately terminated and lack of suitable enclosure for the Earth Electrode connection to protect against corrosion

542.3.2

The earthing conductor has not been provided support or a label

514.1.2, 514.13

GET THE BOOK AND CRACK THOSE CODES! Updated for BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, NAPIT’s EICR Codebreakers publication is purpose-written to aid contractors, inspectors and clients, and now includes updates to align with Amendment 2 of the IET 18th Edition Wiring Regulations. The book is the perfect technical aid for electrical professionals and their customers.

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Need help with cracking those all-important EICR codes? Every month the technical team at NAPIT will be studying your latest ‘Caught on Camera’ photos and oﬀering advice on the next steps, should you find a similar installation. If you want the team at NAPIT to help crack your codes then send your pictures through to us at: pe@hamerville.co.uk

HAMMOND ELECTRICS: WE FOUND THIS ON A RECENT EICR. WHAT’S YOUR OPINION/ADVICE?

Part of the changes that were introduced under BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 were the changes in the Schedule of Inspections for Distributor or Supplier’s equipment. This (under item 1.0) relates to any inadequacies that were encountered and the inspector must inform the Client, Duty Holder or the person ordering the work of the issues found. This change was brought to allow EICRs to be issued as Satisfactory where only observations found in the parts of the electrical installation where the inspector has no control or responsibility such as the Distributor or Supplier’s equipment. This is where the outcome of any observations in section 1.1 would be noted with an X. Unfortunately, with this image there are exposed live parts where the meter tails from the service cut-out fuse to the meter have not been suitably protected due to the lack of a cover to prevent contact with the Line or Neutral supply terminations. The large hole on the right hand side of the enclosure, should the cover be in place, would also allow access to the live parts. This is an area where the Client, Duty Holder or the person ordering the works would require immediate notification to allow the dangerous situation to be rectified. H In these circumstances, it would have been appropriate to cease the inspection and testing of the installation due to the dangers to the inspection team, unless the danger was removed.

The Observations, Regulation infringements and Codes applicable to this observation would be: The service cut-out fuse enclosure has missing cover and unused entry hole allowing access to live parts

ESQCR

Inform the Client/Duty Holder person ordering the work

Appendix 6

Cessation of inspection and testing due to dangers present

EAWR

The A2:2022 18th Edition Codebreakers publication is priced at £22.00 (members) and £24.00 (non-members). It is available in both hard copy and digital versions * Price is VAT exempt and excludes postage and packaging.

ORDER YOUR COPY OF NAPIT CODEBREAKERS BY VISITING: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA009

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PROSUMER’S LOW VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS (PEIS) This article looks at Chapter 82 of BS 7671 and embedded renewable sources, either used in conjunction with the existing supply for an installation or as an alternative and independent source of electrical energy forming a prosumer’s low-voltage electrical installation (PEI). any consumers have been moving towards energy saving measures over the past few years, and never more so than recently with the increasing costs in energy and the significantly reduced returns provided from feeding back into the Grid. The increase in the popularity of electric vehicles in line with government targets for the reduction in the burning of fossil fuels for energy generation, and delays in the construction of nuclear power facilities has meant that measures need to be taken to support the increasing energy demands and mitigate stress on the public distribution network. Amendment 2 of BS 7671:2018 introduced a new Chapter 82; Prosumer’s low voltage electrical installations (PEIs), which contains additional requirements, recommendations and guidance for the design, erection, and verification of

many types of low voltage electrical installations included within the scope of BS 7671, and not least, for those installations having local production and storage of electrical energy (see Fig 1). The intention of Chapter 82 is to ensure that the adopted means of renewable energy source(s) available and operating in a PEI, either in isolation from, or when connected in parallel with, the public supply and used for the dynamic support of power demand to the public distribution network should be made reliable, be able to operate safely, and provide sustainable and efficient use of energy when integrated into the smart grid system. Additionally, the PEI infrastructure should be compatible with existing and future ways to deliver electrical energy to

current-using equipment within the installation and/or to the public distribution network (821). It is recognised that both the generation of electrical energy from renewable sources such as solar PV and/or wind turbines, and that energy consumption patterns within an installation are intermittent. For this reason, where it is expected that a prosumer’s installation is to be available in ‘Island mode’ and isolated from the Fig 1. Prosumer’s low voltage electrical installation (PEI)

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in the form of load shedding. PEI operational modes The integrated electrical energy management system (EEMS) of the PEI is able to switch between the readily available Fig 2. Example of different sources of supply and their operating modes within a PEI sources of supply. Regulation 824.2 highlights the grid, or where it is necessary to operational modes that may be adopted maximise self-consumption during and implemented for a particular type of periods of reduced generation and high PEI, including: current demand, regulation 822.1 recommends that a means to store l Connected mode – operation relies energy is provided within a PEI. on a connection to the public supply network to enable: What is a PEI? A PEI is a low-voltage electrical l direct feeding mode: the public installation that can both consume and produce electrical energy, and that may distribution network supplies the PEI or may not be connected to a public to consume energy (see Annex distribution network. A PEI is typically B82.1.1, B82.2.1, B82.3.1), and formed by a combination of electrical l reverse feeding mode: the PEI equipment available within an installation that provides specific supplies the public distribution functions, including: network by means of the embedded generation and/or electrical energy I. Supply: Connection to the public storage system (see Annex B82.1.3, distribution network, or local generation B82.2.3, B82.3.3). including Solar PV, wind turbines and in l Island mode – the PEI is some instances, electrical energy storage systems (EESS). disconnected and isolated from the public distribution system but II. Distribution system: Depending on remains energized through the solar the type of PEI, conﬁguration of PV and EESS (if any) (see Annex distribution boards, distribution and ﬁnal B82.1.2, B82.2.2, B82.3.2 and Fig 2). circuits may vary. The delivery method could be through the public distribution The EEMS system (if agreed with the DNO) or within The electrical energy management the separate PEI distribution system. system (EEMS) is an intelligent device capable of III. Consumption: Current-using monitoring and equipment used within the installation. controlling many A battery should be considered as both functions (825.1) and a supply and a load (see note to may comprise a regulation 823). separate unit or be integrated in other equipment within IV. Energy management: System the PEI. The EEMS monitoring within the installation, can exchange and allowing switching between available receive live data supplies and control of connected loads Fig 3. Individual PEI arrangement

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with the Distribution System Operator (DSO) in order to interact with the dynamic needs for power demand of the distribution network and current demand within the installation. In response, the EEMS can adapt the PEI accordingly by means of balancing local consumption, often through load shedding, although other equipment may be required, and diverting electrical energy, depending upon local sources of supply available and their readiness to supply either the installation or support the distribution network. The EEMS is configured during the initial set-up and contains information relating to the local energy sources attached to the PEI, as agreed within the contractual agreement between the DSO and user. For example, some installations may have a solar PV system combined with a static EESS, whilst other systems may include a connection for an electric vehicle (EV) operating either as a load or mobile EESS. Appendix 17 of BS 7671 provides additional recommendations for the design and erection of electrical installations having local production and energy storage to optimise the overall eﬃcient use of electricity (821). The means for optimisation and the application of an energy efficiency measure such as load shedding is typically incorporated as a function within the EEMS controlling the PEI. However, in all cases, the design of the PEI and functions of the EEMS must take account of the needs of the user as priority to the functionality of the PEI over those needs of the DSO for

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Fig 4. Collective PEI arrangement using DNO distribution system

dynamic support of the grid. Paragraph 17.2 (iv) of Appendix 17 states that provision for a manual override facility enabling the user to take control from such automatic functions should be considered during the system design. This may take the form of a dedicated user interface. The system design must also ensure that there is no reduction in the availability of an electrical supply or

Fig 5. Shared PEI arrangement using DNO distribution system

service/operation of the installation below the desired level of the user. For example, it may include the need to recharge an EV at the property after a long journey. However, at the time, the installation is found to be operating in island mode at the request of the DSO during a period of high demand on the network. To enable EV charging, the EEMS would be required to switch the installation back to connected mode,

either automatically, or manually at the request of the user. It is recognised that a PEI can switch between the intended operational modes at any time (824.2). Although, the form of embedded generation must be automatically synchronised in terms of frequency, phase, and voltage magnitude with the public distribution network before reconnecting back to the grid, and provided that the requirements of Section 551 are met. The operating modes as described earlier in the article may be adopted for specific types of PEI characterised as: l

Individual – one electrical installation with the ability to both consume and supply electrical energy (see Fig 3). Collective – a group of prosumers relying on a communal source of energy generation which is managed for the group (see Fig 4). Shared – multiple prosumers coordinating their individual supplies to form a common source of shared energy (see Fig 5).

Summary This article introduced the concept of a prosumer’s low voltage electrical installation and explained the diﬀerent types of operational modes within a PEI. Also considered was the electrical energy management system (EEMS), used as a means of monitoring and control of a PEI, while maintaining the user as central to the operation of the PEI.

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HOW LONG WILL LEDS LAST? T The team at ROBUS oﬀers advice on how electricians and electrical professionals should respond to the age-old conundrum of how long LEDs really last. he question around the length of time that LEDs will last is one that you will almost certainly be asked – whether it comes from a client, a colleague, an apprentice, or perhaps it might be the million-pound question if you one day end up on Who Wants to be a Millionaire? The introduction of LED light sources into the lighting market resulted in many exaggerated claims about the amount of light they emit and their longevity. But, with respect to the facts, let’s dig into the real measurement of the LED lifecycle.

LEDs don’t last forever The graph (pictured below) shows how diﬀerent light sources perform over time. Although each technology experiences losses at a differing rate, all of them experience a decrease in efficiency. How can we measure and define this for LED luminaires as a standard throughout the lighting market? That is the very purpose of TM-21.

TM-21: the long-term lumen maintenance method TM-21 is the globally accepted method for projecting the long-term lumen maintenance of an LED light source. In

other words, how long LEDs last. The TM-21 method uses lumen depreciation data, also called LM-80, to make these projections. That’s quite a collection of abbreviations! To begin with, we need to clarify what LM-80 represents. How to measure lumen depreciation LM-80 is the collection of lumen depreciation data for at least 6,000 hours, but how does it work in practice? LED suppliers test their LEDs (in batches of 20/30 units) for 6,000 hours and measure the lumen depreciation every 1,000 hours. For example: a sample quantity of 20 units, tested for 9,000 hours at a temperature of 25°C can have the results extrapolated to 5.5 times their value. The same test, when run on 30 units allows for an extrapolation to 6 times their value. For instance, 6 x 9,000 hours = 54,000 hours. At ROBUS, we always round this down to 50,000 hours. The above data establishes the benchmark used to define the useable life of the LED product in hours. This data is put into the TM-21 system, and this is how the expected lifetime of an LED can be deduced. The method produces several useful values that provide insights into how long the LEDs should last. These values are known as L-values, B-values, C-values, and F-values. L-value: measures luminous flux and colour maintenance

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The L-value (lumen maintenance value) indicates the expected decline in light eﬃciency over a speciﬁc duration. Humans can discern changes in light levels when the light output is reduced to 70% of the initial lumens, which is why at ROBUS we use L70 as our standard. For example: a typical 1,000 Lm product, rated at 50,000 hours, could produce as little as 700 Lm by the time 50,000 hours have elapsed. Therefore, it retains 70% of its initial brightness and loses 30% of its light output. The L-value in this example would be labelled as L70. One action you may take would be to increase the number of LEDs by 30% after 50,000 hours to ensure 1,000 Lm are maintained. B-value: the failure percentage B-value indicates the variation of the expected lumen level at the specified hours. This value is directly related to the L-value. When the B-value is B50 and the L-value is L70, it means that we can anticipate that 50% of the LEDs will not meet the L70 threshold. How do we assess B-values? Generally, is it not tested because the product would need to run for the full duration as results can’t be reliably extrapolated i.e. a 50,000 hour product

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would require a six-year test! Therefore, B-values often go untested. Instead, the industry typically defines them based on data from TM-21. However, this makes them easy to manipulate. It is important to only rely on trusted suppliers for this information. ROBUS aims to be fair and reasonable by maintaining a realistic B50 rating, which you can confidently trust. C-value: percentage of catastrophic failures The C-value represents the anticipated percentage of catastrophic failures during the LED’s lifetime. A catastrophic failure is when the LED ceases to produce any light. It is worth noting, the failure of a single or several LEDs in a cluster isn’t included in this value as these are accounted for by the B-value. For instance, the C-value can be C10 or lower. C10 would mean that after the speciﬁed duration, 10% of the LEDs might have experienced catastrophic failure. The C-value for standard LEDs is often much lower and in the range of 1%, and as such, it is often disregarded and not disclosed for indoor products. F-value: combination of B and C Some manufacturers of LED luminaires

may use the F-value instead of B and C values. The F-value is a sum of the B and C values:

Summary So, how long do LEDs really last? The quickest answer can be found in the technical specifications of the product, but it is worth noting that when a specifications sheet mentions XX,000 hours it isn’t the true lifespan – it’s what LEDs are tested to. The key is to choose a supplier whose information you can trust as, unfortunately, it is possible to manipulate these numbers. These specifications typically include the hours of lamp life, and for reputable suppliers like ROBUS, this information is obtained through the TM-21 method. But, for your winning Who Wants to be a Millionaire? answer, you can rightly say that it depends on its daily usage! DOWNLOAD OR BROWSE THE NEW ROBUS CATALOGUE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA010

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GOING UNDERGROUND In this article, the technical experts at NAPIT examine the practice of burying cables. wo of the most commonly asked questions in this industry must be: “Can I bury this cable?” and “How deep does it need to go?” The answer to both questions will vary wildly based on the cable type, the installation, the external influences, the traffic over it (both motorised and on foot) and the need for future access. Some cables are designed specifically to be buried and have their own extra protection, such as steel wire armoured (SWA), as displayed in Fig 1. Other cable types can be buried, but may need a little extra protection to ensure they remain as free as possible from damage. Where cables have no external protection, such as the armouring of an SWA cable, we have to take a different approach to protect the inner cores from being buried and being subjected to excessive stress. We can still bury them, but we have to protect them either by way of some form of ducting, conduit or a protected channel. In reality, cables in ducting, conduit and

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protected channels, although buried, are usually accessible for maintenance or completely encased in concrete – see BS 7671 Appendix 4, Table 4A2 and reference methods 59 and 60, respectively. We usually see protected channels in plant rooms and where cables enter under a distribution board, and we must ensure that we have access to them to carry out future maintenance, alterations and possible repairs.

Where long runs of buried cable are anticipated and the area is likely to have either foot or motorised traﬃc over it, SWA is the go-to cable. It was designed for this very purpose, and where installed correctly, it meets all of the requirements for water ingress protection and object damage caused by stress loadings from aggregate buried on top of it. Twin and earth in a hose pipe are unlikely to ﬁt the mechanical damage or water submergence requirements;

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remember, the ground is an unforgiving environment, and twin and earth cables often don’t fare well in it. Plus, when digging, if a client comes across a hose pipe, many people take for granted that it’s just an old, buried, unwanted hose pipe and crash through it with a shovel or fork – that’s exactly what we don’t want to happen. What do the Regulations say about burying cables, generally? As a general rule, BS 7671 doesn’t give much advice or particulars other than Regulation 522.8.10 stating that a cable must be adequately protected and at a depth unlikely to lead to a disturbance during natural overground traffic and use. Traffic doesn’t necessarily mean vehicular in this instance and can be anything from general footfall to gardening. Along with the depth of a buried cable, it needs to be adequately identified using a marker tape or similar, see Fig 2. As a general rule, marker tape should be laid approximately 150 mm from the finished surface level. Where an SWA cable is buried directly in the ground, it should be backfilled with a sand aggregate to help cushion and protect it from the effects of larger aggregates damaging it when buried, as shown in Fig 3. So that’s about it from a general cable-burying perspective. BS 7671 leaves pretty much everything open to designers to put together an adequate system

based on the risks that are present in different installations and their uses. What are the specific Regulations for buried cables? When we look at the risk an installation and its use may give rise to, BS 7671 only looks at four different areas where specific cable depth provisions are given. These areas are covered in Part 7 special locations, which include: 705: Agricultural and horticultural premises 708: Electrical installations in caravan/camping parks and similar locations 709: Marinas and similar locations

730: Onshore units of electrical shore connections for inland navigation vessels. We can see the requirements for each of these special locations more clearly when we look at them in a table which breaks down each Regulation specifically. See Table 1 for minimum buried cable depth requirements. Along with the general Regulation for buried cables, 522.8.10, and the special locations listed earlier in this article, guidance is also available in BS 7671 Appendix 4 Table 4A2 installation and reference methods. Table 4A2 gives various reference methods, clarifies how to construct the different systems, and refers to the correct current carrying capacity that any cable conductors would then be subjected to. Conclusion So, in conclusion, there is no simple answer, depth, or method. It is really down to the designer, the installation, its use, and any risks that may be prevalent. The one figure that we all agree on as an industry, is that any buried cable should be at a minimum depth of 0.5 m, where a special location requirement does not cover it. This is because with light hand digging, such as in a garden, etc., we may subject a cable (even an armoured one) to damage at depths of less than 0.5 m. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON NAPIT SCHEME REGISTRATION, VISIT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA011

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The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) is a pivotal aspect of tax compliance, setting out specific rules for how contractors must handle payments made to subcontractors for construction work. Kevin Thomas of the Indigo Group explains more.

CIS: LEARN THE BASICS IS applies primarily to contractors and subcontractors in the construction industry. However, the definition of who falls under these categories can be broader than anticipated. You must register as a contractor if you’ve spent more than £3 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment – even if your business doesn’t carry out construction work. This includes companies like property developers and building firms, but also extends to government departments and local authorities that engage in construction work. Even sectors like retail and entertainment, if they spend significantly on construction, fall under the CIS umbrella.

What are subcontractors? Subcontractors are entities or individuals who agree to undertake part of the work contracted by the main contractor. It's crucial for subcontractors to register for CIS to avoid higher tax deductions from their payments. There is no specific turnover threshold for subcontractors. However, their status in terms of tax deductions depends on their registration with HMRC. Those registered under CIS are subject to a standard 20% tax deduction on their invoices, while unregistered subcontractors face a higher 30% deduction.

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However, subcontractors who meet specific criteria can apply for gross payment status, allowing them to receive full payment without deductions, though they must pass certain financial and compliance tests to qualify. Navigating CIS tax compliance As a contractor, it's your responsibility to ensure that your business complies with CIS tax regulations. This involves a series of steps, which begins with registering for the scheme. Here’s what you need to know and do:

1. Register for CIS 2. Verify your subcontractors: Before making any payments, it’s crucial to verify your subcontractors with HMRC. This process will determine the tax deduction rate: 20% for registered subcontractors, 30% for those unregistered, or 0% for subcontractors with gross payment status. 3. Deduct and pay taxes: When you pay subcontractors, deduct the tax amount as per their status and pay it to HMRC. This deduction serves as an advance

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towards the subcontractor's tax and National Insurance. 4. Record keeping: Maintain detailed records of all the payments and deductions made under the CIS for at least three years. These records are vital for any HMRC inspections and for your tax returns. 5. Submit monthly returns: Submit CIS returns monthly to HMRC, reporting all the payments made to subcontractors and tax deducted. Subcontractor responsibilities As a subcontractor, compliance with CIS is equally important. Here’s what you should expect and do: 1. Register with HMRC: Ensure you’re registered with HMRC for CIS to avoid higher tax deductions from your payments (30% instead of 20%).

2. Keep records: Maintain accurate records of all your invoices and the tax deducted by contractors. These records are essential for completing your annual Self-Assessment tax return. 3. Understand deductions: Know that the taxes deducted by contractors are not a final payment of your tax and National Insurance. You need to declare your income and expenses in your Self-Assessment tax return, after which HMRC will calculate your final tax bill or refund. 4. Gross payment status: If eligible, apply for gross payment status. This allows you to receive your payments without upfront tax deductions, but it requires you to pass certain financial and compliance tests. Further help For contractors, the administrative

burden of CIS compliance can be overwhelming, especially when managing multiple subcontractors. This is where Indigo Group can help with its ‘Contract’ service, tailored specifically for contractors in the construction industry. As a Commercial Contractor, Indigo takes on all responsibilities for the subcontractor. This means registering them under CIS is Indigo’s responsibility, removing any admin and compliance burden from a business. The company also takes over the cumbersome process of verifying subcontractors, calculating and processing tax deductions and submitting monthly returns, freeing up valuable time for contractors to focus on their core business activities. GET MORE DETAILS ON INDIGO GROUP AND ITS CONTRACT SERVICE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA012

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Natasha King, Product Manager at Vent-Axia, explains more about the requirements of the amended Approved Document Part F and how electricians can meet them.

ARE YOU BUILDING REGULATIONS READY? mended Approved Document Part F (Means of Ventilation) of the Building Regulations is seen as a vital step to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) as we head towards the Future Homes Standard on the road

to net zero. For electricians working in existing homes the amended document means that when carrying out energy efficiency measures to an existing dwelling they now need to assess if any extra ventilation is required to comply. Amended Part F marked a ‘step change’ for ventilation when it was published in December 2021. Previously, ventilation had taken a back seat to the need for improved energy efficiency in our homes to meet carbon emission targets. As a result, we’ve all seen what happens when sealing up homes to make them more energy efficient without considering ventilation – increased indoor air pollution. The most visible sign of this is

condensation and mould, but this is only the tip of the iceberg since homes with indoor air pollution can contain over 900 chemical and biological contaminants in the air we breathe. Part F has therefore started to redress the balance of ventilation with energy eﬃciency with a focus on the importance of good IAQ to health and wellbeing.

Part F changes What does this mean for electricians? A key addition to Approved Document F: Volume 1 for electricians is a new sub section ‘Installing Energy Eﬃciency Measures’ in existing properties. Here it sets out that: “When carrying out energy eﬃciency measures to an existing dwelling, an

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have been added to a dwelling. This could lead to an electrician inadvertently ﬁtting intermittent ventilation in what they think is a Category B home but instead it is a Category C and, as a result, it will not provide suﬃcient ventilation to protect the occupants’ health, risking poor IAQ, condensation and mould.

assessment should determine what, if any, additional ventilation provision is needed, based on the estimated impact of the work.” Part F provides two options for calculating these new ventilation requirements, the first is the simplified method which covers most properties, the second is seeking expert advice. The simplified method involves counting the energy efficiency measures that have been added and then using Table 3.1 in Approved Document F: Volume 1 to classify whether they are minor or major. Homes are then allocated to Category A, B, or C depending on the number of minor and major measures,

with A the lowest and C the highest. The category then determines what ventilation is required. Electricians should be aware that Category C natural ventilation does not comply with Part F without a full design by a competent person. An important point to note here is electricians have to consider the energy efficiency measures that have been made since the home was built, as well as ones that are planned. Since the UK has an ageing housing stock where many homes may have been fitted in the past with double glazing, insulation or had chimneys sealed up, it can be difficult to determine exactly how many energy efficiency measures may

Solutions A simple solution to comply with Approved Document F: Volume 1 is for electricians to choose continuous ventilation for existing homes, since it is compliant with both category B and C and is the easiest and safest way of complying every time. There are also huge benefits to moving to a continuous running ventilation system for customers since the fan will operate at a low speed, continuously maintaining good IAQ and if boost is required, it will be at a lower level compared to an intermittent fan. This means lower power consumption and noise levels. Approved Document F gives detailed guidance on required levels of airflow needed by room and house size and should be followed when selecting a fan. There is a wide range of different types of continuous ventilation to choose from to ensure exactly the right solution. For electricians aiming to help landlords tackle condensation and mould and improve IAQ, there are also continuous ventilation options aimed specifically at social housing, while another solution for deeper refurbishment of properties including habitable rooms, such as bedrooms and living areas, combines continuous ventilation with heat recovery. BROWSE VENT-AXIA’S PRODUCT SELECTOR BROCHURE ONLINE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA013

CPD ZONE! SCAN THE QR CODE TO CLAIM YOUR CPD CREDIT FOR THIS EDITION OR VISIT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA014

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Working on your own? Need some technical advice? Don’t know where to turn? Ask Megger. What it doesn’t know about installing and testing electrical systems isn’t worth knowing. Every question will be answered by the Megger Technical Team, and the best will be published in Professional Electrician. So, take advantage of the ‘every question answered’ guarantee today. email your questions to: meggermeasures@hamerville.co.uk

You ask: I NEED TO BUY AN ADAPTOR SO THAT I CAN USE MY MULTIFUNCTION INSTALLATION TESTER (MFT) TO TEST ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGEPOINTS. I’VE NOTICED THAT THE MEGGER EVCA210 ADAPTOR HAS A PE PRE-TEST FEATURE, WHEREAS ADAPTORS FROM SOME OTHER SUPPLIERS DON’T. IS THIS FEATURE IMPORTANT, OR IS IT JUST SOMETHING THAT’S NICE TO HAVE?

Megger says: We’d say that the PE Pre-Test feature is not only important, it’s essential! Before you carry out any other tests, it lets you check for potentially dangerous voltages that might be present on the PE. If such voltages are present, you must investigate and correct the fault before you continue with testing. If you don’t know about the potentially dangerous voltages and you start testing, there’s a risk of electric shock as well as damage to the equipment. To be absolutely clear, without the PE Pre-Test feature (or equivalent), you can never be 100% sure you’re safely testing a chargepoint. That’s why, when choosing your EV adaptor, this is a good feature to have. The EVCA210 will let you test the functioning and safety of all AC Mode 3 EV charge points in accordance with the IEC/EN 62851-1 and IEC/HD 60364-7-722 standards. As well as being compact, easy to use and portable, it is supplied with not only a Type 2 connector but also a Type 1, which is important if you want to test Type 1 plugs on tethered leads. BROWSE THE MEGGER EVCA210 PRODUCT DATA SHEET ONLINE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA015 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN March 2024 45

ELEX2024

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Sponsored by

The Electricians’ Exhibition

CONTINUE YOUR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AT ELEX SHOW! Taking place across two days, the ELEX 2024 tour is making two stops this month. And better still, we’ve got great news for those visitors that are serious about Continuing Professional Development! ecent changes to The Electrotechnical Assessment Specification (EAS) which sets out the minimum requirements for a business to be recognised as technically competent by a Certification or Registration Body, includes a requirement for businesses to maintain appropriate records of qualifications, training (including Continuing Professional Development) and experience. To support this requirement, EVERY ELEX seminar is now CPD accredited, ensuring those individuals who make the time and effort to attend will receive a direct certificate of completion, which can

form a key part of your ongoing Continuing Professional Development record. With industry regulation and legislation changing constantly, the extensive ELEX seminar programme will cover an array of topics, including the latest Amendment 2 to the 18th Edition and the changes this covers, along with best practice and technical advice for professionals to get stuck into. Presentations will be delivered by experts in their field and the only cost to delegates is their time. All seminars will take place in the IET Seminar Theatre located centrally in the exhibition hall and there’s no need for delegates to pre-book, just pre-register to attend the show. Whether you need some advice on the direction the sector is heading, want to chat with manufacturers about their latest solutions, view live demonstrations of the latest products or bag yourself a great

YOUR SHOW, NEAR YOU... l

At a venue near you Across two days l Free parking (van friendly) l Free entry l Free T-Shirt & a free bacon roll* l

(*limited to first 1,000 visitors)

Show bargains Hands-on demos l Meet manufacturers l Networking opportunities l CPD accredited seminars and certificates l

show deal on tools and equipment from leading brands, your regional ELEX tradeshow has it all. The ELEX 2024 tour will be visiting two venues this month: Alexandra Palace – February 29th and March 1st, followed by The Bolton Arena – 21st and 22nd March.

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M’S THE WORD! pproved documents (AD) provide practical guidance about how to comply with the requirements of The Building Regulations for England and Wales (where relevant). Under schedule 1, Part M of the Building Regulations requires that, amongst other things, reasonable provision is made for people to gain access to and use the building and its facilities. Part M is split into two Parts – M1 and M2. Part M Volume 1 (M1) covers dwellings and Volume 2 (M2) covers buildings other than dwellings. This article addresses some of the minimum recommendations detailed within Approved Document M1 and M2 (ADM1 and ADM2) for electrical accessories within premises.

Dwellings: M1 Reasonable provision should be made for most people including wheelchair users to Fig 1. Visitable new dwelling

access and use the facilities in a ‘visitable’ new dwelling. To this end, insofar as electrical services are concerned, services and controls should comply with clause 1.18. This clause details where switches, socket-outlets and the like should be installed. Diagram 1.5 (Fig 1) of clause 1.18 sets the range within which services and controls should be installed as between 450 mm and 1,200 mm. However, the consumer unit should be positioned at a height where the switches are between 1,350 mm and 1,450 mm above floor level. Accessories require no special consideration, such as colour, larger switch mechanisms and the like. Where a dwelling is ‘accessible and adaptable’ and a wider range of occupants are likely to access the dwelling, such as the elderly, those with reduced mobility and some wheelchair users, additional thought should be given

The experts at Scolmore provide guidance for the use of electrical accessories in accordance with Approved Document M – access to and use of buildings. to clause 2.30 of ADM1. In addition to the general requirements detailed for visitable new dwellings, switches and socket-outlets and other controls should be a minimum of 300 mm (measured horizontally) from an inside corner. As with visitable new dwellings, there are no special requirements for accessories. Where a dwelling is designed for wheelchair users there are further considerations to make regarding height, position and the nature of accessories. Consumer units are to be positioned as for visitable dwellings; however, switches, socket-outlets and controls are to be mounted with their centre line 700 mm – 1,000 mm above floor level and to aid access, a minimum of 700 mm (measured horizontally) from an inside corner. Isolators used in kitchens should be installed within the same height range. Light switches are to have individual plates unless wide rocker or full plate accessories are provided. Where twin socket-outlets are installed, their switches should be on the outside of the accessory. Furthermore, provision should be made for the principal bedroom to have bedhead controls in the future, to include two-way lighting controls, telephone, socket-outlets and the like. Buildings other than dwellings: M2 For buildings other than dwellings, the same requirements for access to, and

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l l l l

provision of services exists as for dwellings. Clause 4.25 highlights the key factors affecting the use of switches, socket-outlets and the like as, ease of operation, visibility, height and freedom from obstruction. Colour contrast Clause 4.28 recognises that, ‘Controls that contrast visually with their surroundings are more convenient for visually impaired people, as are light switches activated by a large push pad’. Adequate visual contrast exists when the light reflectance value (LRV) between two surfaces is greater than 30 points. However, where the illuminance on a surface is greater than 200 lux, a difference in LRV of 20 points is considered reasonable. Light reflectance values are a measure of the percentage of light reflected from a surface. For example, at one extreme the assumed light reflectance value (LRV) of ‘black’ is 0% and at the other extreme the LRV of ‘white’ is 100%. This simple chart (Fig 2) details approximate values of LRV for certain basic colours. Using this by way of example and assuming cream painted walls, a 30-point contrast exists between the following: l l

Cream and yellow/purple/green/ grey or orange.

Therefore, in this example, an accessory range of white would be reasonable as would black or brass. Where a 20-point contrast is permitted then the following would apply: l l

Cream and white/silver, Cream and grey/orange/blue/red/wood/pink/brown and black.

Manufacturers of paint products will typically detail LRVs on their websites. Click Scolmore details the LRV value of its accessories at the back of its catalogue. By way of example, the anthracite grey of the Part M range has an LRV of 8.9. Mounting heights The mounting heights above ﬂoor level and other recommendations for accessories is detailed in clause 4.30 and may slightly diﬀer to those recommended for dwellings. Some of the key recommendations are as follows:

Cream and white, Cream and blue/red/wood/pink/ brown and black.

In this same example, a suitable contrast does not exist between: l

Cream and silver,

Fig 2. Example of light reflectance values

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l l

Socket-outlets/TV/telephone: 400 mm – 1,000 mm with the lower value preferred. Switches for permanently wired appliances: 400 mm – 1,200 mm. Switches requiring precise hand movement: 750 mm – 1,200 mm. Simple push button controls: not more than 1,200 mm. Socket-outlets are located consistently and no nearer than 350 mm from room corners. The operation of switches, outlets and controls does not require the simultaneous use of both hands. Switched socket-outlets indicate whether they are on. Mains and circuit isolator switches clearly indicate whether they are on or oﬀ. Front plates contrast visually with their backgrounds.

Conclusion Designers and installers of electrical installations should be aware of the recommendations of Approved Documents M1 and M2 as they relate to dwellings and buildings other than dwellings. There are instances where there are differences in mounting heights recommended for dwellings and buildings other than dwellings. The designer should recognise the differences between ADM1 and ADM2. For each type of premises, designers should carefully consider the mounting heights of accessories and control equipment for accessibility, the nature of the switches (push pads etc. where necessary) for their ease of use, colour contrast to be seen, and positions near wall corners and the like. Care should also be taken to ensure that suitable contrast exists between the light reflectance value of accessories and control equipment and the surfaces they are mounted on. Paint manufacturers will typically provide such data and allow designers to select for use a suitable range of accessories. BROWSE THE FULL RANGE OF CLICK SCOLMORE ACCESSORIES BY VISITING: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA017

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THE PERFECT STORM Amy Burley, Global Offering Manager at MK Electric, examines how switchsocket innovations are driving change in 2024. hroughout the years, the switchsocket has constantly evolved with developments in technology and advancements in mechanical design. Nowadays, access to power for an array of devices is in high demand and time is of the essence for consumers and contractors alike: end users want convenient access to power, and contractors want to fulfil the customer’s needs as quickly and effectively as possible. In addition, rising costs and environmental awareness are pushing organisations to streamline their energy management protocols and utilise modern technologies, from metering to Internet of Things (IoT), to better control of energy usage. This all makes for a perfect storm for innovation within socket technology.

Staying connected Today, commercial building owners and operators are striving to meet tough sustainability and cost control objectives. Considering that the modern commercial property will have hundreds of plug-in

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devices, such as laptops, PCs, monitors, printers and even vending machines, it is no surprise that plug-in power can account for a quarter of a building’s entire energy usage. The trend towards connectivity and IoT has gained pace in recent years as a way of better controlling energy use. With connected devices better able to manage equipment remotely, automate processes, and reduce power consumption, it’s vital that facilities managers turn towards these solutions if they want to reduce energy consumption and costs eﬃciently, with little to no downtime. MK Electric launched Connected Power in 2023, which was developed to meet the evolving needs of commercial installs and to improve energy management. Comprising 2G smart switchsockets and connectivity hubs that connect to a building’s energy management system (BEMS), the Connected Power solution

delivers device-to-device control, giving organisations powerful insight into their buildings’ energy consumption. It also provides the ability to remotely power down unused sockets, automate functions such as grouping sockets, and enables scheduling to better control out-of-hours power consumption. This innovative solution comes at the perfect time for organisations looking to reduce their electricity usage. In 2024, technology that gives commercial organisations complete control over plug-in energy consumption will become even more popular, and advance further to incorporate cloud control. For electrical contractors, becoming familiar with these

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new technologies will open new opportunities and revenue streams amid the growing appetite for better energy monitoring solutions. Installation evolution From mobile phones and tablets to wireless headphones and other smart devices, there is an ever-growing portfolio of electronics that require charging – and quickly. USB outlets have become exceptionally popular in commercial properties, for example, as a way of enhancing consumer experience and, now, USB-A ports are giving way to the enhanced efficiency of USB-C. In fact, last year the European Union announced USB-C ports as the universal standard for charging portable electronics, with the introduction of its common charging legislation with an objective of reducing e-waste. While manufacturers have until the tail end of 2024 to adapt, many have already started adjusting their designs. Switchsockets are also adapting, with companies like MK Electric adding USB-A and USB-C fast charging ports to its popular wiring device ranges of switchsockets – enabling iPhones to charge up to 50% in 30 minutes. With brands adapting to incorporate the latest ports, electrical installers can fulfil the booming demand for USB-C with a high-quality product that ensures future-proofed safe and rapid charging. Simultaneously, installation processes of electrical equipment have also evolved to become faster, easier, and safer. Behind the socket, screw termination can be time-consuming, especially when installing multiple. Each needs to be mindfully installed to prevent over- or under-tightening, which could lead to wasted time on call backs and fault-finding. Today, companies have evolved, inspired by alternatives used in the lighting industry, with MK Electric developing Rapid Fix technology, utilising spring-loaded cable clamp terminations that meet the evolving requirements of BS 1363 for a safe, secure, and reliable connection. Looking ahead With various new technologies being developed, 2024 is set to be a year full of change for switchsockets. By being aware of and offering these innovations, installers can play a key role in helping to meet the changing needs of buildings and customers. VISIT THE MK ELECTRIC CONNECTED POWER SOLUTIONS PRODUCT INFORMATION PAGE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA018

HANDY TUBS ARE MADE FOR THE TRADE! ave you ever set out to a job, after facing the gruelling rush hour traffic, and turned up to find you don’t have the right size screw? In the busy life of an electrician, efficiency is the name of the game. Furiously rummaging through the boxes (in boxes) in the back of your van takes time and, as we all know, time is money. No one wants to be making that second morning trip to the wholesaler before they’ve even got started.

Don’t get caught short The team at Olympic Fixings has heard the stories, listened to your feedback and got to work. Over the past 12 months the brand has launched over 20 Trade Tubs containing the most popular fasteners and ﬁxings, providing everything that you’ll need in one handy organised tub, right in the back of your van. Olympic Fixings hasn’t just focused on the most popular products, as a wide selection of the tubs also contain a mix of the most popular sizes as well, taking the guesswork out of preparing for installations. All products are also available in boxes, so there’s no need to worry about running out of one size – simply reﬁll and re-use! Disruptions can be frustrating, time-consuming and costly which is why Olympic Fixings set out to create this range for busy electricians who are on-the-go. It doesn’t stop there, however, as new 600 Assorted Steel Machine Screw Tubs with BZP Extensions will be launching soon. GET MORE DETAILS ON THE OLYMPIC FIXINGS RANGE OF TRADE TUBS AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA019

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A COMPLETE 360 We find out more about the latest addition to the Selectric portfolio of switches. he new GRID360 Kinetic range from Selectric is a revolutionary wireless switch system that eliminates the need for batteries or power cables. Unlike traditional wired switches, these switches can be installed on any surface and don’t require complicated cable runs within walls. The system provides a clean, convenient, and safe solution that is not only easy to install but also reliable. Additionally, users can easily move and rearrange the switch without the hassle of rewiring.

Proven solutions GRID360 Kinetic wall switches have been proven to be stable in signal transmission, and well-designed in appearance which will fit into the popular GRID360 range of products. Furthermore, the system uses a very small amount of energy and so reduces overall power consumption, which will result in economic savings and contribute towards an improved carbon footprint. Taking control Selectric offers a wide range of receivers to choose from to solve real-life controlling requirements, with a selection of non-dimmable, dimmable, and smart receivers, suitable for wide input voltage from AC85-240V 50/60Hz. The lowest and highest brightness level can be set by an App on the smart dimmer. This helps the performance and compatibility of the dimmer to suit more dimmable light fittings

whilst avoiding flicker and slow response issues that can often be found with smart dimmers. A 30 metre transmission range (depending on context and application) ensures the switches will perform steadily under complex indoor installations (70 metres for outdoor). Full compatibility All the switches available in the GRID360 Kinetic range are compatible with current finishes in the GRID360 range meaning you can integrate this system seamlessly into your existing setup without needing to change any finishes or aesthetics. This makes it easy to upgrade switches to the GRID360 Kinetic range while maintaining a cohesive look throughout the space. It also offers greater convenience, flexibility, reliability, and security. Whether for personal or professional use, the kinetic wireless switch provides a new level of control and flexibility for the end user. If you’re seeking a more intuitive and flexible way to control your devices, investing in a GRID360 Kinetic is something that is well worth considering. BROWSE THE FULL SELECTRIC GRID360 KINETIC RANGE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA020

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“I CAN SEE CLEARLY NOW…” Always keen to take a closer look at the latest tools and accessories, this month George Robertson reviews the C.K MightyScope inspection camera. he C.K MightyScope inspection camera is an amazing little bit of kit. At only 3.5” long and 1” wide it can get into spaces and diﬃcult to reach spots that others simply can’t. What’s more, the team at C.K has managed to pack it with a host of helpful features. Getting started is easy. You simply download the free App, on either iOS or Android, turn on the MightyScope, connect your device to the camera’s Wi-Fi hotspot and you’re ready to go. The App is easy to use and understand, with six icons explaining/indicating all the features available to the user and a ‘help’ icon is there to get you started if you need a bit of guidance. The hotspot has a decent range of 15 metres (or 50 ft) and I’ve had no connection or drop-out problems with it in the time I’ve been using the product. The internal Li-on battery will give you up to 90 minutes operating time, dependant on the MightyScope’s LED’s brightness level,

which is more than ample. A Quick Charge USB-C ensures full battery charge (from zero) in around 100 minutes. All is bright In use, the product is lovely and compact and feels of good quality, and I’ve soon found that the ‘always up’ full screen display mode works best for me as it means I don’t have to worry about, or constantly adjust, the camera orientation. It’s refreshing not to have to fiddle with the rods to try to get a picture that makes sense. The bright white LEDs can be adjusted from the App to view in complete darkness when pushed into dark and confined spaces, helping you to investigate and diagnose problems. Storing photos or videos is a doddle – you just tap the camera or video icon on the screen and when you want to see the fruits of your labours you simply press the files icon. The images are taken at 720p HD and you can zoom in or out using the normal two finger pinch method. The

photos and videos can then be accessed and exported from your phone or tablet’s photo gallery as usual. One further bit of evidence that the MightyScope is so easy to use comes from the fact that the apprentice (pictured) has taken to it like a duck to water. It’s just a good job the MightyScope is both waterproof and dustproof!! If all of that isn’t enough for you, C.K also provides a padded EVA case to keep the MightyScope safe and secure, a ﬂexible gooseneck, a polycarbonate hook and separate magnet accessory for cable retrieval, a locking adapter to keep those accessories secure when in use, spare O rings to maintain the integrity of the base unit and both male and female thread adaptors so you can connect to all quarter inch rods. VISIT THE C.K MIGHTYSCOPE PRODUCT INFORMATION PAGE ONLINE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA021

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mbracing unique electrical bathroom accessories, such as the ProofVision in-wall electric toothbrush chargers and premium, waterproof, smart televisions, can offer several benefits to electricians. Opportunities include enhancing their portfolios with on-trend products to differentiate their offering from competitors, while attracting clients that seek modern, innovative solutions. They can also generate more revenue for each project by charging for installation services. When installed correctly by professionals, these products will meet electrical and safety regulations, as well as warranty requirements, providing peace of mind to clients. Rajesh Parmar, Head of Marketing at ProofVision, says: “The ProofVision TBCharge in-wall electric toothbrush chargers are easy to install, just like a shaver socket. They eliminate the need for trailing wires, saving space in the bathroom while reducing clutter. The range includes three models: a single charger (PV10P), a dual charger (PV11P) and a single charger with shaver socket (PV12P), along with a variety of optional faceplate finishes to complement their clients' bathroom colour schemes.” To offer clients that ‘wow’ factor for their bathroom, electricians could also recommend the recently launched, enhanced range of waterproof, premium bathroom televisions from ProofVision. In addition to built-in Wi-Fi connectivity, a full HD TV tuner and Freeview HD, the models now boast WebOS-powered Smart TV functionality. By recommending and installing these premium bathroom TVs, electricians are not just providing a service, they’re delivering an experience that clients will thank them for.

s consumer demand for wireless, voice-controlled smart home products increases, there’s a growing opportunity for electricians to offer smart finishing touches such as advanced voice- and App-operated switches to work seamlessly with the latest home lighting systems. The good news is, it doesn’t have to be complicated to install these switches – they can be retrofitted into an existing socket. It’s the same wiring; you’re simply adding more tech with the same install.

Sleek looks and attractive finishes UK lighting brand Retrotouch has developed a range of smart switches to meet consumer demand for voice-controlled lighting systems. Ease of installation was a priority in the design, as was sleek looks and attractive finishes. The Retrotouch smart light switch range is stylish with attractive glass finishes and in a selection of colour options. The switches add the perfect finishing touch to any smart home, delivering advanced smart features in one easy-to-fit unit. For electricians installing the Philips Hue lighting system, Retrotouch also offers a Philips Hue smart light switch that is literally ‘stick anywhere’. These aren’t dependent on a ‘whole home’ smart lighting system but can be used in the kitchen alone if required. The wireless, stick-anywhere, battery-free switches can control up to 50 Philips Hue lights and lamps simultaneously. They ensure that the Philips Hue lighting system is always-on and smart, working seamlessly from the switch, via motion, voice and App controls. GET MORE DETAILS ON RETROTOUCH’S RANGE OF SMART SWITCHES AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA022

GET MORE DETAILS ABOUT PROOFVISION’S RANGE OF BATHROOM ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA023

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“A GREAT KIT FOR THE ‘CABLE’ GUYS” In this product review, Reece Hardy gets his hands on IDEAL’s Twin & Earth kit for flat cable. his 32 A wire connector kit from IDEAL consists of a number of useful tools and accessories including 1 x cable stripper for ﬂat cable, 1 x Data T-Cutter, 20 x SpliceLine Wire Connectors, plus a combination of 2 and 3 port Push In Wire Connectors and Gen II Lever Wire Connectors. Housed in one handy, sectioned box, which makes for easy organisation, each of the components comes with the IDEAL

58 March 2024 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN

hallmarks of quality and ease of application/use, providing the user with everything they require. The cable stripper strips flat cable between 0.75 and 2.5 mm2 and up to 12 mm wide. Stripping twin and earth cable is easy due to the self-adjusting stripping blades that automatically select the proper position and its open throat construction for unlimited strip lengths. For the user, it’s simply a case of feeding enough required length through the stripper and squeezing, before pulling off the cut sheath. Carry on with the live and neutral to the required length (measured on the groove of the block) and that’s it. The Data T-Cutter tool is a well-made product, which is small and compact, so fits nicely into the set. The hand actuated cable cutter features dual curved

blades and a shearing cutting action – recommended methods for cutting coax and other copper based low voltage cables. It has performed exactly as required on every occasion I’ve had to use it. Another feature of the tool is that the curved blades minimise cable deformation, which helps keep the cable impedance consistent during connector to cable termination, and allows cable stripping tools to work more efficiently and accurately. The connector blocks come in three types: lever style, splice and butted. All in the kit were rated at 32 A with 2 and 3 ways supplied and have performed as expected in a number of scenarios. An additional benefit is that many other screwless connectors can be ordered from IDEAL. This is a really neat kit, which will fit nicely into your van or on-site toolbox and will soon become a very useful part of your arsenal. VISIT THE PRODUCT PAGE FOR THE IDEAL ELECTRICAL TWIN & EARTH KIT FOR FLAT CABLE ONLINE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA024

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ARTLINE KIT WILL MAKE A MARKER rtline has introduced the perfect marker for any electrician’s needs with the launch of the Electrician’s Marker Kit. Providing special purpose, quality markers for any job, the superior ink coupled with long lasting barrels and nibs ensure that these markers will stand the test of time, no matter what the situation! The kit comes with 2 x Long Nib Markers (EK-710), ideal for writing in hard-to-reach places, and 2 x Electrician’s Markers (EKPR-ELFT), ideal for use on a variety of surfaces. This kit is the ultimate electrical accessory for any job, whether it’s accessing the wall behind installed attachments, labelling wires for safety, or carrying out complete rewires. With different colours of each pen, you can easily differentiate and colour-code whilst on the job. The Long-Nib Markers come in black and blue, featuring a scale on the barrel – convenient for quick measuring – as well as a 30 mm long nib, for accessing deep holes. The Electrician’s Marker is a twin-ended permanent marker, with a bullet, super fine nib, and a non-conductive plastic barrel. The Electrician’s Kit includes both black and orange colours, and is ideal for writing on plastic, wires, plasterboard and electrical tags.

GET MORE DETAILS ON THE ARTLINE ELECTRICIAN’S MARKER KIT AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA025

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CHANGE WILL DO US GOOD David Williams, Vice President Transactional Business at Schneider Electric, looks at why the world’s current global crisis will provide a driver of change in the energy market.

he persisting energy crisis is taking a toll on both consumers and businesses, as utility bills soar to unmanageable heights. The pursuit of alternative oil and gas sources by governments has resulted in price surges, rendering energy costs inaccessible for economically disadvantaged nations. It’s tough to take positives from such circumstances. But alongside uncertainty, the energy crisis is also driving a sustainability transformation. Energy security issues and global warming are two sides of the same coin, and there’s a strong likelihood that this crisis will finally reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and accelerate the renewable energy transition – and renewables are already estimated to become the world’s top electricity source in the next five years. We know electrification powered by renewables makes energy green. It’s the most efficient energy and the best vector for decarbonisation. Meanwhile, digital makes energy smart. It turns the invisible visible, allowing us to optimise our usage and reduce the massive 60% of energy currently lost or wasted. Fortunately, modern technologies can already enable

us to move to an electric, digital world. In fact, more than 80% of CO2 savings through 2030 will come from deploying technologies that are on the market today. With the tools already available, and energy prices still so volatile, there's no better time to decarbonise energy supply and demand. There are a few strategies that partners, businesses, and their customers can harness today to kick-start their energy transition.

45% of its energy supply from renewable sources by 2030. To achieve this, its energy ecosystem will need to become increasingly decentralised. Producing energy closer to the point of consumption not only helps tackle today’s cost challenges, it also creates a more eﬃcient and resilient energy grid. Powered by renewable sources like rooftop solar panels or on-site

1. Transformation Energy models are changing as generation is decentralised, driven by worldwide trends for resilience, digitalisation, and decarbonisation. The ﬁrst step to sustainable energy transformation is enabling supply-side decarbonisation through renewables. Thankfully, we’re already seeing acceleration here. For example, through the REPower EU Plan, the EU is aiming to deliver

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wind turbines, microgrids provide self-contained networks that enable organisations to generate, store, consume, and even sell their own energy. Users can expect a reduced carbon footprint, fewer expenses during periods of peak demand, and improved reliability, even through outages. One successful example is Schneider Electric and ACCONIA’s partnership to develop Spain’s ﬁrst industrial microgrid. The project, which can be replicated in any industrial plant, combines distributed energy resources (like solar, storage and electric cars) and digitalisation to create low-cost, resilient, and sustainable infrastructure for a minimised carbon footprint. To leap towards net zero, other businesses must follow suit.

and reduce energy waste, store electricity to be resold, and much more. Building information modelling (BIM) systems help to create more comfortable and productive work environments by offering flexible control over temperature, lighting, air quality and more. They also feature quicker returns on investment than many might guess. When sustainability experts like Schneider Electric and its partners work with customers to install digital management solutions in existing buildings, we often see an ROI of between just two and five years. After all, the adoption of smart home energy management can bring typical energy cost savings of 40%, sometimes reaching as high as 75%.

2. Elimination Eliminating energy waste is the fastest and least capital-intensive solution to cutting energy use, costs, and emissions. Digitalisation is a key enabler of this eﬃciency. Digital solutions like smart energy management systems equip building inhabitants with intelligent insights to optimise their energy needs. They bring together factors like electrical switchboards, appliances, solar energy, and back-up batteries, giving consumers the power to set monthly savings targets, spot

3. Electrification Demand-side electriﬁcation is critical for achieving net zero goals. To date, much of the investment and focus has been on decarbonising energy supply. However, in every energy transition, supply has always followed demand. There is huge potential for demand-side electriﬁcation in every area of the economy. Electric vehicle sales are a great example of what’s possible and scalable. In markets where charging infrastructure is well established, with incentives and

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legislation driving adoption, sales of EVs now outstrip petrol and diesel cars. We need to drive the electrification of heating and cooling through similar incentivisation, regulation and legislation. Industry also has huge potential to decarbonise. It’s one of the largest sectors for global CO2 emissions, accounting for 8.7 gigatons or 26% of the total. Yet with only 22% of industry’s energy currently electrified, the opportunities to make processes greener are vast. By focusing on sectors where electrification is both technologically feasible and attractive, the share of electricity in the overall energy mix could jump from 20% to 50%. This could potentially halve the amount of natural gas and oil required, cutting CO2 emissions by around 1,300 MtCO2/year. Schneider’s own experience electrifying ArcelorMittal’s steel production has prevented 170 metric tons of CO2 emissions and saves 20% of the cost via a circular economy approach. With steel demand set to increase by more than a third by 2050, efficiencies in this area are no longer a choice, but a necessity. 4. Collaboration IDC research found that just 7% of businesses are delivering on their sustainability plans, and over 40% rely on strategic support from partners to achieve their environmental targets. There’s a huge opportunity here for partners to capitalise on the acceleration of the energy transition by helping customers to address the energy crisis and speed up decarbonisation. However, to do so, they must be equipped to provide the right technologies, tools, and skills. Comprehensive education and training, open and collaborative support ecosystems, digital knowledge and expertise, and strong product portfolios are available for those operating in this marketplace – ensuring that together we can help customers navigate the current crisis and accelerate the road to net zero. BROWSE OR DOWNLOAD SCHNEIDER’S ACCELERATION TO NET ZERO GUIDE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA026

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PRIZE DRAW

N I W VDE CABLE CUTTERS TO BE WON! able cutters are an essential part of an electrician’s arsenal and C.K Tools is helping busy professionals in their everyday work with the launch of its T3973 Redline VDE cable cutters. An insulated adaptation of its bestselling cable cutter range, this latest launch from C.K Tools is designed to help electricians complete tasks more efficiently and safely. C.K Tools Redline VDE cable cutters are available in 260 mm and 210 mm sizes and feature new VDE-certified insulated handles for working on live electrics. The premium tool is ergonomically designed with dual component handles for maximum comfort and reduced risk of injury. Specially formulated Japanese steel blades provide superior and long-lasting performance for cutting cable in an efficient and effortless manner. Meanwhile, the specially profiled blades can strip and cut a multitude of cables made from aluminium, copper or plastic up to 13 mm in diameter, reducing the amount of force that is required by the user. The new C.K Tools Redline VDE cable cutters enable electricians to finish a job safely to high professional standards.

HOW TO ENTER ENTER THE FREE PRIZE DRAW TO WIN A SET OF C.K REDLINE VDE CABLE CUTTERS BY FILLING OUT THE CONTACT FORM AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA027 Deadline for entries: 10/04/2024. Usual T&Cs apply.

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We take a closer look at the decade-long journey of All LED, as the brand celebrates a special landmark anniversary.

A DECADE TO REMEMBER n the fast-paced realm of LED lighting, All LED has not just been a participant but a relative trailblazer. That drive and determination looks set to continue long into the future, as the company marks its 10th anniversary this year.

Modest beginnings What began as a modest venture with a single GU10 lamp in three colours has evolved into a multinational company, oﬀering a huge array of over 1,000 SKUs. The Luton-based ﬁrm’s journey is a testament to the power of innovation and dedication. In 2014, the company's inception was humble, focusing on a single product – the GU10 lamp. However, it was the brand’s commitment to quality and a vision for the future that has really propelled it into the limelight. Over the past decade, not only has All LED expanded its product line but also its reach, allowing it to transcend borders while establishing a global presence that resonates with customers worldwide. The evolution of the company has come as a result of showing adaptability

and responsiveness to market demands. One example is the product range, which now encompasses a diverse array of lighting solutions, catering to residential, commercial, and industrial needs. Whether its cutting-edge downlights, stylish eﬀect lighting, or high quality outdoor lighting, the All LED has emerged as a one-stop destination for lighting enthusiasts. Plenty more to come Although reaching its 10 year anniversary is an achievement in itself, the brand’s focus will still remain on looking forward to the innovations and solutions that lie ahead. Many technological advancements can be found throughout the All LED portfolio which consistently integrates the latest features and designs into its products. The journey of the last decade is a foundation upon which the company continues to build, with a clear commitment to staying on top of industry trends and evolving customer expectations. All LED's success story is not just about products; it's about a culture of excellence that runs through the core of the organisation. The team's passion for lighting, combined with a forward-thinking approach, has been the driving force behind it’s prominence in recent years. That commitment to quality, sustainability, and customer satisfaction remains unwavering as the next phase of the journey begins.

THE LATEST INNOVATION: THE ATOM DOWNLIGHT

The Atom fire rated downlight stands out as a versatile and advanced lighting solution, offering a myriad of features to meet diverse needs. One notable feature is its easy access CCT selectable capability, allowing users to adjust the colour temperature to suit the ambiance they desire with ease without having to remove the fixture from the ceiling void. The inclusion of OptiDim, an advanced dimming technology, ensures wide compatibility, providing enhanced control over brightness levels with almost any dimmer on the market. Designed with practicality in mind, the Atom boasts an IP65 rating from the front when installed, ensuring protection against dust and water for both fixed and adjustable models. It is available in Polar White, Carbon Black, Polished Chrome, and Satin Nickel finishes, offering diverse options to complement various design preferences. To simplify the installation and customisation, All LED designed the Atom to fit the same accessories as those for the iCan75 range, allowing the Atom to work with the trimless kits, converter plates and multiple plates from the award-winning range. BROWSE THE FULL ALL LED LIGHTING RANGE CATALOGUE ONLINE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA028

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Peter Dumigan, MD at Hultafors Group UK, details why the need for comfort, wellbeing and eﬃciency not only shaped the ﬁrst trousers but has driven the latest innovation in modern work trousers almost 2,500 years later.

HISTORY IN THE (TROUSER) MAKING s much as we might take the functionality of a pair of trousers for granted, they’ve developed and evolved over the years through innovation, by responding to the demands of wearer’s needs and their practical requirements.

Deep roots in history It is said that the origins of trousers as a functional, practical garment can be traced back to the warrior equestrian societies of Eastern Europe and Asia Minor as far back as the sixth century BC. The Scythian and Persian peoples developed trousers as a practical alternative to wearing robes on horseback. Trouser-type garments took many forms over the next 2,000 years and it was only into the early 19th Century that ankle-length trousers – until then worn mostly by the lower working classes – became more widely accepted as the garment of choice throughout society. The evolutionary process of trouser design and development

was one in which garments were tailored to the practical needs of their wearers. It was further driven by the impact of the industrial revolution and the need for clothing in the workplace that was specifically suited to the needs of those employed there. Probably the most significant clothing development in the 19th Century was Levi Strauss’s invention of the canvas work trouser for miners in 1853. It was the first of its kind, but it wasn’t until 1873 that further innovation was seen with Strauss’ introduction of blue denim trousers, later incorporating metal rivets for greater garment durability and longevity. Despite innovations such as the zipper-fly for trousers and the basic-styled garments like the Bib ‘n’ Brace and boiler suit, the workplace had to wait over 100 years, until 1975 in fact, for the next stage in trouser evolution. A constant evolution It was the invention by Matti Viio – a Swedish electrician – of the holster

trousers with kneepads that heralded the Snickers Workwear brand and the era of purpose-designed working clothes for modern-day professional tradesmen and women. Since 1975, Snickers Workwear has been inventing and reinventing work trousers with kneepads each with a combination of leading design technology, hi-tech fabric innovations for comfort and functionality and, more recently, a sharp focus on sustainability. In what is its most significant trouser innovation to-date, Snickers Workwear has now launched built-in, certified kneepads which are completely integrated into a pair of premium stretch work trousers – the AllroundWork stretch trousers with Capsulized kneepads and holster pockets. The result of an intensive research and development process that has spanned the last three years, they deliver low-profile, comfortable impact protection – tested, performance validated and certified to exacting international standards.

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These new work trousers are an innovative combination of cutting-edge sportswear technology coupled with well-established workwear know-how to suit individuals who are constantly on the move and want the comfort, ﬂexibility and durability of welded-into-place, certiﬁed knee protection. Building Capsulized kneepads Designed and engineered in partnership with YBC, the Capsulized kneepad

components comfortably deliver effective penetration protection and impact absorption for the wearer. A durable CORDURA stretch covering provides external fabric durability, integrating with the first performance layer of high-density foam which delivers maximum protection. This combines further with a shield of Ortholite comfort foam technology that’s highly shock absorbent. Comfort and protection is further enhanced by a foam comfort layer for pressure release when working while kneeling. Finally, there’s an inner polyester fabric which seals the outer protection layers onto the trouser leg and provides a comfortable surface between the wearer’s knee and the kneepad itself. It’s effectively a Capsulized ‘layer cake’ with a number of protection layers that

work with each other to dissipate the energy created by the impact of working on your knees or if you accidentally bump them in and around the workplace. Taking things to a new level It’s widely accepted that the long-term eﬀects of knee injuries and the impact of working on your knees can cause a lifetime of discomfort and restricted movement. Yet history has shown that properly designed trousers have an important part to play in delivering comfort, eﬃciency and well-being in physical activities. Snickers Workwear’s latest innovation takes the trouser design and development process to a new level. VISIT THE SNICKERS WORKWEAR ALLROUNDWORK STRETCH TROUSERS WITH CAPSULIZED KNEEPADS PRODUCT INFORMARTION PAGE ONLINE AT: WWW.RDR.LINK/EBA029

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THE HANDS-ON TRADESHOW FOR PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIANS

ELEX2024 PROFESSIONAL ELECTRICIAN