MATLAB MANUAL FOR NANO SCIENTISTS

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MANUAL FOR NANO SCIENTISTS

MANUAL FOR MATLAB Fully covered topics of MATLAB with the latest R2011a series of Student Version compatibility that meets the needs of 1st Year Master’s Degree of Nano Science and Technology.

KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY As per syllabus of MTech. In Nano Science and Technology

Published in 2011

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SRIKANTH H P

1

Contents PREFACE: ................................................................................................................................................. 2 1.

Write a program to perform addition of n numbers Output .......................................................... 3

2.

Write a program to demonstrate multiple plots in a single graph. ................................................ 4

3.

Write a program to demonstrate subplots . .................................................................................. 5

4.

Write a program to demonstrate the 7th order approximation equation. .................................... 6

5.

Write a program to plot bar chart for world population readings. ................................................ 7

6.

Write a program to plot pie chart for world population readings. ................................................. 8

7.

Write a program to demonstrate relational operators using switch Output………………………………9

8.

Write a program to find if the number is even or odd Output ..................................................... 10

9.

Write a program to plot ideal gas response. ................................................................................ 11

10. Write a program to demonstrate carbon dating Output .............................................................. 12 11. Write a program to demonstrate the maximum power transfer theorem. ................................. 13 12. Write a program to swap two numbers Output ........................................................................... 14 13. Write a program to plot the energy Eigen values of a one dimensional box Output ................... 16 14. Write a program to determine the resistance of resistors in series Output ................................ 17 15. Write a program to find the sum of squares of two numbers Output ......................................... 18 16. Write a program to find the area of triangle Output .................................................................... 19 17. Write a program to determine the area of a circle Output .......................................................... 20

2

PREFACE: In the preamble to nanotechnology, we come across a wide description of simulation techniques, sans which there lie a world of experimental chemists and theoretical physics. I had a stress on tough proactive practicals using MATLAB but there was a lacuna I felt that needed less emphasis since there is no actual outcome of quantum mechanical description of nanoparticals. So in order to extrapolate the subject, we were being taught chemistry and physics of matter. Hence there was a space for me to put this materials to show the various computation techniques for an interdisciplinary user and at the same time incorporate some basics of chemistry and physics in problem solving which I presume the student undertaking nanotechnology or material science also has similar background of subjects like maths, physics and chemistry.

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Srikanth H P

3

1. Write a program to perform addition of n numbers. n=input('How many numbers do you want to add? a=0; for i=1:n fprintf('enter the %i value ',i); a(i)=input(''); end total=sum(a); disp('The sum of numbers is') disp(total);

Output How many numbers do you want to add? 4 enter the 1 value 4 enter the 2 value 5 enter the 3 value 6 enter the 4 value 7 The sum of numbers is 22

');

4

2. Write a program to demonstrate multiple plots in a single graph. x=-pi:pi/20:pi; y1=sin(x); y2=cos(x); plot(x,y1,'*'); hold on; plot(x,y2,'r--'); hold on; legend('sin x','cos x');

1 sin x cos x

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3 . Write a program to demonstrate subplots . figure(1) subplot(2,1,1) x=-pi:pi/20:pi; y=sin(x); plot(x,y) title('subplot 1 title'); subplot(2,1,2) x=-pi:pi/20:pi; y=cos(x); plot(x,y); title('subplot 2 title') subplot 1 title 1

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subplot 2 title 1

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4. Write a program to demonstrate the 7th order approximation equation. ( ) ( )

( )

( )

t=linspace(0,2*pi,100); y1=sin(t); y2=t; y3=t-(t.^3)/6+(t.^5)/120-(t.^7)/5040; plot(t,y1) line(t,y2,'linestyle','--') line(t,y3,'marker','o') axis([0 5 -1 5]) xlabel('t') ylabel('sin(t) approximation') title('sin(t) function') legend('sin(t)','line approx','7th order approx') sin(t) function 5 sin(t) line approx 7th order approx 4

sin(t) approximation

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5. Write a program to plot bar chart for world population readings. cont=char('China','India','UnitedStates','Indonesia','Brazil','Bangladesh', 'Nigeria','Russia','Japan'); pop=[133;116;30;24;19;17;15;14;14;12]; bar(pop); xlabel('Major countries'); ylabel('population in crores'); title('world popuation in 2011'); for i=1:5:gtext(cont(i)) end world popuation in 2011 140

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population in crores

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5 6 7 Major countries

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6. Write a program to plot pie chart for world population readings. cont=char('China','India','UnitedStates','Indonesia','Brazil','Bangladesh', 'Nigeria','Russia','Japan'); pop=[133;116;30;24;19;17;15;14;14;12]; pie(pop); title('world population in 2011'); for i=1:5:gtext(cont(i)); end

world population in 2011 3% 4% 4% 4% 4%

34%

5%

6%

8%

29%

9

7. Write a program to demonstrate relational operators using switch. a=input('Enter the first number --->a='); b=input('Enter the second number--->b='); x=input('Enter the choice in between 1 to 3 so as to find equal, greater and lesser--->'); switch x case 1 if a==b disp('the numbers are equal'); else disp('the numbers are not equal'); end case 2 if a>b disp('the number a is greater than b'); else disp('the number b is greater than a'); end case 3 if a<b disp('the number a is less than b'); else disp('the number b is less than a'); end otherwise disp('please choose values between 1 and 3') end

Output Enter the first number --->2 Enter the second number--->4 Enter the choice in between 1 to 3 so as to find equal,greater and lesser--->2 the number b is greater than a Enter the first number --->a=2 Enter the second number--->b=4 Enter the choice in between 1 to 3 so as to find equal,greater ans lesser--->3 the number a is less then b >>

10

8. Write a program to find if the number is even or odd. a=input('Enter the number to know if even-->a='); c=2; b=rem(a,c); if b==0 disp('The number a is even'); else disp('The number a is odd'); end

Output Enter the number to know if even-->a=22 The number a is even

11

9. Write a program to plot ideal gas response. n=1; r=8.314; t=273; p=1:0.1:1000; v=(n*r*t)./p; figure(1); loglog(p,v,'r-','linewidth',2); title('\bf volume vs pressure in ideal gas'); xlabel('\bf pressure(kpa)'); ylabel('\bf volume (m^3)'); hold on; grid on; t=373; v=(n*r*t)./p; figure(1); loglog(p,v,'b-','linewidth',2); hold on; t=473; v=(n*r*t)./p; figure(1); loglog(p,v,'g-','linewidth',2); hold off;

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volume vs pressure in ideal gas

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volume (m 3)

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10.

Write a program to demonstrate carbon dating.

lamda=0.00012097; percent=input('Enter the percentage of carbon 14 remaining:\n'); ratio=percent/100; age=(-1.0/lamda)*log(ratio); string=['The age of sample is ',num2str(age),' years ']; disp(string);

Output Enter the percentage of carbon 14 remaining: 78 The age of sample is 2053.9089 years

13

11.

Write a program to demonstrate the maximum power transfer theorem. volts=120; rs=50; r1=1:1:100; amps=volts./(rs+r1); p1=(amps.^2).*r1; plot(r1,p1); title('Plot of power vs load resistance'); xlabel('Load resistance(ohms)'); ylabel('Power(watts)'); grid on;

plot of power vs load resistance 80

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12.

Write a program to swap two numbers.

a=input('enter b=input('enter a=a+b; b=a-b; a=a-b; fprintf('after fprintf('after

the a value'); the b value');

the swapping the value of a is %i\n',a); the swapping the value of b is %i\n',b);

Output enter the a value 12 enter the b value 23 after the swapping the value of a is 23 after the swapping the value of b is 12

15

13.

Write a program to plot the energy Eigen values of a one dimensional box.

L=10e-9; d=200; x=0:L/d:L; m=9.1e-31; num_sol=4; h=6.624e-34; for j=1:num_sol e(j)=((j*j))*((h*h)/(8*m*L*L)); fprintf(' The energy of energy level n=%i value is ',j); fprintf('%i joules \n',e(j)); end; figure(1); subplot(4,1,1); w4=((2/L)^.5)*(sin((4*pi*x)/L)); plot(x,w4); xlabel(' 0 < n < L'); ylabel('Asin(\Theta4)'); title('Plot of Asin(\Theta4) for n=4'); subplot(4,1,2); w3=((2/L)^.5)*(cos((3*pi*x)/L)); plot(x,w3); xlabel(' 0 < n < L'); ylabel('Acos(\Theta3)'); title('Plot of Acos(\Theta3) for n=3'); subplot(4,1,3); w2=((2/L)^.5)*(sin((2*pi*x)/L)); plot(x,w2); xlabel(' 0 < n < L'); ylabel('Asin(\Theta2)'); title('Plot of Asin(\Theta2) for n=2');

subplot(4,1,4); w1=((2/L)^.5)*(cos((pi*x)/L)); plot(x,w1); xlabel(' 0 < n < L '); ylabel('Acos(\Theta1)'); title('Plot of Acos(\Theta1) for n=1');

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Asin(4)

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Plot of Asin(4) for n=4

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Plot of Acos(1) for n=1

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Plot of Acos(3) for n=3

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Output The energy of energy level n=1 value is 6.027112e-022 joules The energy of energy level n=2 value is 2.410845e-021 joules The energy of energy level n=3 value is 5.424401e-021 joules The energy of energy level n=4 value is 9.643379e-021 joules

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14.

Write a program to determine the resistance of resistors in series. vs=input('Enter the source voltage V='); rn=input('Enter the voltage of resistors as elements in a row vector '); req=sum(rn); vn=rn*vs/req; i=vs/req; pn=vn*i; ptotal=vs*i; table=[rn',vn',pn']; disp('Resistance Voltage Power'); disp('(ohms) (volts) (watts)'); disp(table); fprintf('The current in the circuit is %f amp ',i); fprintf('\n The total power dissipated in the circuit is %f watts\n',ptotal);

Output Enter the source voltage V= 230 Enter the voltage of resistors as elements in a row vector [12 23 45 56] Resistance Voltage Power (ohms) (volts) (watts) 12.0000 20.2941 34.3209 23.0000 38.8971 65.7818 45.0000 76.1029 128.7035 56.0000 94.7059 160.1644

The current in the circuit is 1.691176 amp The total power dissipated in the circuit is 388.970588 watts

18

15.

Write a program to find the sum of squares of two numbers . a=input('Enter the value of a'); b=input('Enter the value of b'); %sum is c=a^2+b^2; fprintf('The sum of squares is %i\n',c);

Output Enter the value of a 23 Enter the value of b 34 The sum of squares is 1685

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16.

Write a program to find the area of triangle.

h=input('Enter the value of height h='); b=input('Enter the value of base b='); %area of triangle is area=b*h/2; fprintf('The area of the triangle with base b and height h is %i\n ',area);

Output Enter the value of height h= 34 Enter the value of base b= 34 The area of the triangle with base b and height h is 578

20

17.

Write a program to determine the area of a circle.

r=input('Enter the value of radius of the circle--->r='); area=pi*r*r; string=['The area of the circle with radius r is area=',num2str(area),' Square units ']; disp(string);

Output Enter the value of radius of the circle--->r=76 The area of the circle with radius r is area=18145.8392 Square units

21 About the Author: Srikanth H P is holding an MTech. in Nanotechnology from Kuvempu University and a B.E in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Vemana Institute of Technology ( Affiliated to VTU). He had previously worked with Dr. Preeta Sharan to publish a lab manual on Analog and Digital Communication lab. He currently has one national and one international conference papers. He also has a PG Diploma in Performing arts from Kuvempu University and a number of training certificates for various courses of industrial importance. He is a member of IEEE (and UFFC) as a student member and life member of Indian Physical Society, Indian Physics Association, Institution of Engineers and Indian Society for technical Education.