Makeup magazine (Jaguar Beat)

Jaguar Beat Studies show efects of makep on the

wearer and on surrounding observers

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History of

Makeup

MEET THE EDITOR! Hannah Marks is a sophomore at the Liberal Arts and Science Academy High School in Austin, Texas.

She is an avid reader and enjoys watching TV in her small amount of free time. She is a staffer for the LIberator, the LBJ and LASA newspaper, as well as a member of Colorguard and Marching Band.

She recently became Colorguard Social Officer. She looks forward to having more electives her next two years of high school, but will still miss her signature courses, as they have been very fun for her. She has lived in Austin her whole life and looks forward to college as a chance to explore the world. Her favorite foods are cheeseburgers, french fries adn cheesecake.

She also has a mild Diet Coke addiction that she has no future plans to kick.

She has enjoyed creating this magazine and hopes will enjoy her hard work and that makeup they will walk away knowing something they didn’t before.

She has poured her heart, soul, blood, sweat and tears into this magazine.

In her free time, Hannah enjoys hanging out with her friends or watching TV in her room. She loves movies, especillay a good comedy.

She looks forward to her summer job as a camp counselor. And yes, the picture to the right is her posing with a stuffed duck. Deal with it.

She would like to thnk everyone who helped her get to this point or who helped with the creation of this magazine in anyway as she could not have done it with out any of you.

Thank you so much.

Enjoy reading!

Letters To The Editor A place to express you grievances.

Makeup Should Be Worn For Us, Not Men

Dear Editor, Makeup is simply a confidence boost. I am confident without a dozen makeup products on my face, but there’s a different type of confidence that comes with a great mascara and a MACbrand eyeshadow — the kind of confidence that makes me feel sexier than Beyoncé. The point is that women wear makeup to feel good about themselves and not to please others. We want to look and feel like the best version of ourselves.

-Jeanette Fritz

Dear Jeanette, I can understand your frustration with the fact that sometimes women get ridiculed for wearing makeup. It should be seen as something for ourselves and not something society demands we do. I too, as a woman who wears makeup, have had similar thoughts as you due to my own experiences and frustrations.

-Editor

Makeup Shows Personality

Dear Editor, My love for makeup feels instinctual. Makeup is more than just a way to enhance your appearance.

It is a way for you to express yourself anyway you please. It is a way of expressing myself and sharing my true personality.

-Chanel Ledger

Dear Chanel, You’re statements are intriguing and a part of the debate on makeup that I had never heard the likes of before. Your letter has caused me to pause, as I had never thought of makeup as used for a tool of self-expression. I had only before thought of it to boost confidence and self-esteem as well as help me to appear more beautiful. I hope you will go on to share your thoughts and feelings on makeup to others, as it is a side to this makeup debate that more should know about.

-Editor

Wearing Makeup Shows Love For Oneself

Dear Editor, Makeup empowers a woman to present herself in exactly the way she chooses. She is the one deciding, which contributes to her self-esteem. When you put on makeup, you’re saying, “Here I am. I took three minutes today for myself because, you know what, I deserve it.” If that’s not demonstrating self-esteem, I don’t know what is. Makeup doesn’t just transform you on the outside. It transforms you from within, filling you with a sense of empowerment and strength, and that’s a beautiful thing.

-Mally Roncal

Dear Mally, I am glad to hear that you think that way as I have similar feelings. Have you read Robertson’s study? I can’t help but wonder how you wonder respond to it, as her study seems to directly contradict what you saw here. Personally, I think makeup is more for a confidence booster and less used as a mask, but perhaps Robertson is not entirely wrong. What do you think?

-Editor

Blast to the Past A look at reasons why makeup was worn in regions all over the world

India:

Henna has been used in India since around the 4th or 5th centuries. It is used either as a hair dye or in the art of mehndi, in which complex designs are painted on to the hands and feet, especially before a Hindu wedding.

The use of kohl or kajal has a long history in the Hindu culture. The use of traditional preparations of kohl on children and adults was considered to have health benefits.

Ancient Egypt:

Cosmetics were an improtant part of health and hygiene in Egypt. They rouged their lips and cheeks, stained their nails with henna and lined their eyes and eyebrows heavily with kohl. In addition to reducing sun glare, it was believed that kohl eyeliner could restore poor eyesight and reduce eye infection.

Ancient China: Middle Ages Europe:

Lower classes worked the fields while the upper classes. Higher classe had more leisure time, meaning more time inside, meaning paler skin. Soon, European men and women often attempted to lighten their skin directly or used white powder on their skin to look more aristocratic. A variety of products were used, including white lead paint, which notoriously contained arsenic.

Chinese people began to stain their fingernails with gum arabic, gelatin, beeswax and egg. The colors used represented social class. The Chinese upper classes made lavish use of fragrance during the T’ang dynasties that began in the 7th century AD and continued until the end of the Ming dynasty in the 17th century. Their bodies, baths, clothing, homes and temples were all richly scented, as was ink, paper, cosmetics and sachets tucked into their garments.

Japan:

Lipstick made of crushed safflower petals was used to paint the eyebrows and edges of the eyes and the lips, whereas rice powder was used to color the face and back. Sometimes bird droppings were also used to compile a lighter color.

More Than Skin Deep

Recent studies have shown makeup has several effects when worn, making it a prouct that does more than jsut beautify women. But, what, exactly, does makeup do?

Makeup is a long standing tradition. It often signifies a shift from girlhood to womanhood when a girl is allowed to wear it for the first time. Many people have debated for a long time the purpose of wearing makeup.

Many people say that it makes a woman look more beautiful.

Recently, many studies have been done to see what effects makeup has on the individual wearing it and those around it.

One study shows how a person’s personality correlates to their makeup usage. Another study shows how makeup can affect a person’s thoughts or perceptions of the person wearing makeup.

What is it about makeup that causes women to wear it?

What does wearing it exactly do for them? These studies attempted to answer those questions. ***************************

Researcher Rebecca Nash and her team recently conducted a study on four Caucasian women and how makeup effects the way the would be evaluated in 4 social measures by others when wearing makeup and when not wearing makeup. 171 women and 152 men were surveyed after seeing the women with and without makeup

Article by Laurie L. Paris

on how they perceived those women in four social measures: Health, Confidence, Earning Potential and Professional Class.

At the end of the experiment, the results showed that people rated the women wearing makeup to either have a high or average status profession compared to the women wearing no makeup, who were rated to have either a low status job or be unemployed. The results also showed that makeup had an effect on the perception of a woman’s earning potential, health as well as confidence.

Many people have said that

makeup gives women a youthful look, as well as portraying more confidence, which this study seems to verify. These seem to be reasons that many women cite wearing makeup for.

“These results contradict prior research that suggested that cosmetics could have a detrimental effect on the perception of a woman’s earning power and professional competence,” Nash wrote in the study. “Women may wear cosmetics for many reasons, such as to enhance their appearance and bolster their self-perception, and cosmetics may therefore not

A series of one women with 4 different loks: No makeup, natural, porfessional and glamorous. Putting on the lipstikc and eyeliner made the face appear more feminie, and therefore more beautiful.

be specifically associated with office-based work environments.”

So it seems that makeup has a bit of a bad reputation.

Why do you wear makeup? But sometimes, you can’t ignore the statistics. Our opinion, here at Jaguar Beat, is close to what Nash’s results state, that makeup can affect how people perceive you, whether or not we like it.

Obviously, Nash and her team put in quite a bit of work and tried to gather a range of opinions.

But we can’t deny that makeup must affect how others see us otherwise we wouldn’t be told to “make sure we have our face on” before we go to work most days. ***************************

Gettysburg College professor Richard Russell has done extensive research showing how makeup can physically make

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it so that women appear more beautiful when wearing makeup.

“Sex differences in facial appearance play an important role in facial attractiveness,” Russell said. “For female faces, the relationship between attractiveness

Putting on lipstick and eyeliner makes the eyes and lips darker.

-Richard Russell and femininity is straightforward.

More feminine female faces are considered more attractive.”

In his paper, Russell explains how using makeup to darken the eyes and lips increases the facial contrast of the woman wearing the makeup, thereby making her appear more

attractive. Russell explained to use the wya makeup actually works to increase this sex difference.

“Putting on lipstick and eyeliner makes the eyes and lips darker,” Russell said. “[This] increases the contrast between [those features] and the rest of the face.”

Apparently, makeup making women more beautiful isn’t just a myth or a false truth by makeup companies to sell makeup.

It actually works! Russell might be on to something here with this research. In one paper, he is able to put to rest all the worries people have about makeup of “Does it actually make me more beautiful or is it not helping?”

Well, worry no more, ladies. ****************

Another interesting study was conducted by Nicolas Guéguen and Lubomir Lamy in France on how female hitchhikers wearing makeup can affect the number of drivers who stopped to help them. They had females wear makeup and some not wear it and judge the frequency in which cars stopped. The results showed that males drivers stopped more frequently for the female hitchhikers who were wearing makeup.

“Research has indicated that men place high value on physical attractiveness,” Guéguen and Lamy write in their study. “As women are perceived to be more attractive when wearing makeup, men

”

would thus show more interest.”

In other words, no matter how important beauty may be to women, beauty affects men more than women. ****************

Another researcher Julia Robertson and her team, on the other hand, did a study concerning makeup that showed a more negatively tinged look at makeup.

They looked at how makeup usage correlated with a woman’s personality. In this study, results revealed that anxiety and similar traits, such as self-consciousness, and conformity correlated positively with makeup usage.

This means that women who tend to use makeup have some or all of these traits or fears.

“The findings clearly lead one to the conclusion that cosmetics are not utilised primarily as a means by which to attract attention,” Robertson wrote in the study. “Rather, they are actively used as a tool in order to manipulate an outward image.”

Robertson’s study does put a downer on the use of makeup, whereas many other the previous studies have shown the positives of makeup use. But not everything is perfect, including makeup and makeup usage. Robertson even goes on to suggest that makeup is used as a “mask”- a psychophysical mask that is used to promote the desired image. ****************

None of this is to persuade or dissuade the use of makeup. It

is just a few notes to know before deciding whether or not to continue wearing makeup. The no makeup look has recently taken a great popularity recent #NoMakeupSelfie campaign. While not wearing makeup isn’t a bad look, perhaps think about the good makeup can do before completely ridding yourself of your carefully cultivated collection.

The Book Nook

This week, we will be reveiwing Survival of the Prettisst: The Science of Beauty by Nancy Etcoff.

Review written by Lunda Barrington.

Nancy Etcoff’s new book, Survival of the Prettiest, is a book unlike others I have read before. She discusses the many aspects of beauty that plague our society and why we undergo these silly rituals and what they seem to mean to us. For this particular edition, I will focus on chapter 4, “Cover Me” which focuses on makeup and hair trends. Etcoff certainly does lots of research into her topics, as she provides plenty of examples when she explains a certain trend. For example, Etcoff at one point mentions how women wear makeup because the color red, particularly on the humna body, is asscociated with sexual feelings. Wearing red somewhere on the body shows youthfulness and healthyness, as well as it being visible from afar in addition to being emotionallly arousing. I think she may be on to something here. I mean, has anyone else noticed how much red has become a staple of a madeup face? Etcoff may be on to something here, folks.

Editor’s Corner

Let’s chat about makeup!

-Editor: Hannah Marks

It’s a muggy August night and I can feel my face starting to sweat. I briefly worry about my makeup running but not because I worry about how I will look without. I am confident in how I look without makeup. But I do like to use makeup to give me that extra boost of confidence, no matter how confident I already seem.

I am not one of those girly girls. I don’t dress up and wear makeup on a regular basis. I am more comfortable bare faced and in comfortable clothing than in a dress. I simply am plain girl. But even plain girls want their moments in the sun, those times when they too are beautiful.

Until just last year, makeup was a foreign concept. My mom doesn’t wear makeup and I have never really been curious enough to foray into that scary world of brushes, paints and other various products women spend dollars upon dollars on. Last, though, I was involved in an activity that required me to wear makeup, thus thrusting me into this world I was so scared of. Luckily, I had other girls surrounding me who actually knew what they were doing with these various products of which I had never encountered before. I was like a baby deer, just getting my footing in this new world.

I’ll admit it: I was scared. Actually, honestly, I was absolutely terrified of this new world of makeup that I had never encountered the likes of before. Somehow, I had to learn to navigate it, whether I liked it or not, as colorguard seemed to demand that I wear makeup.

The interesting thing is that I have always wondered why women wear makeup. When I was doing my research for this magazine, I realized that I was not totally the only person who had ever wondered that.

I found others who had been wondering the same thing and seemed to have their own answers based off of studies and personal experiences and opinions. I tried to show different answers in this magazine to this very question. People have said makeup is worn to attract men and make a woman look more beautiful. Others have said it is worn because it can affect the way a person is perceived by those surrounding her when she wears makeup. Others have said it is worn as a confidence or self-esteem booster. Sources have also said that it is worn to mimic beauty and fashion trends or to achieve desired looks of the time, such as pale skin.

It is even worn as a form of self-expression. Everyone seems to have a different idea of why women wear makeup. After reading others opinions on the matter and through my own experiences, I have come to my own conclusion on why it seems women wear makeup.

To me, makeup is not a bad or negative thing. In some ways, I view it a little like I view clothing (though not exactly the same): a norm society has come to accept in the fashion world. I honestly don’t understand what about makeup gets people so riled up that debates break out. I am confident barefaced, but just like with a great pair of shoes or an outfit, a little bit of makeup goes a long way in the confidence department. And is that necessarily a bad thing?

I believe that women wear makeup not just because society has come to expect it of us but because we have become accustomed to it and we like the way it makes us look and feel. It is a way for us to play and change how we look without fear of permanent repercussions.

Makeup is not a negative thing for a woman to do. Wearing makeup should be each individual’s choice by no one should be criticized for wearing it.

FOR MORE INFORMATION: For more information on the history of makeup, depcted in Blast to the Past, see: Chaudhri, S.K. and N.K. Jain. “History of Cosmetics.” Asian Journal of Pharma

ceutics. 3.3 (2009): 164-167. Google Scholar. Web. 16 May 2014.

To read the full studies mentioned in More Than Skin Deep, see: Guéguen, Nicholas and Lubomir Lamy. “The Effect of Facial Makeup on the

Frequency of Drivers Stopping for Hitchhikers.” Psychological Reports. 113.1

(2013): 97-101. Ebsco. Web. 8 May 2014.

Nash, Rebecca, George Fieldman, Trevor Hussey, Jean-Luc Lévêque, and

Patricia Pineau. “Cosmetics: They Influence More Than Caucasian Female

Facial Attractiveness.” Journal of Applied Social Science. 36.2 (2006): 493-504.

Wiley Online Library. Web. 12 May 2014.

Robertson, Julia, George Fieldman, and Trevor Hussey. “Who Wears Cosmetics?

Individual Differences and their Relationship with Cosmetic Usage.” Individual

Differences Research. 6.1 (2008): 38-56. Ebsco. Web. 13 May 2014.

Russell, Richard. “Why Cosmetics Work.” The Science of Social Vision. Ed. Reginald

B. Adams, Jr., Nalini Ambady, Ken Nakayama, and Shinsuke Shimojo. New

York: Oxford UP: 2011. 186-203. Richard Russell. Web. 8 May 2014.

THANK YOU FOR READING!