HANYING LI
Harvard Graduate School of Design Candidate for Master of Landscape Architecture
01 THE MEDIATOR
BOSTON HARBOR RESERVED CHANNEL DESIGN SITE: BOSTON, MA SIZE: 35.5 HA
02 THE BREAKER
GUANTANAMO-GUASO WATERSHED DESIGN SITE: GUANTANAMO-GUASO WATERSHED, GUANTANAMO PROVINCE, CUBA SIZE: 246263.8 HA
03 THE STORY TELLER
AMPHITHEATRE DESIGN SITE: CHANGDE CITY, HUNAN PROVINCE, CHINA SIZE: 0.7 HA
04 THE CONNECTOR
WUDAOKOU URBAN OPEN SPACE DESIGN SITE: HAIDIAN DISTRICT, BEIJING SIZE: 15.5 HA
05 THE TEACHER AND CLEANER ZHUMADIAN URBAN WATERFRONT DESIGN SITE: ZHUMADIAN CITY, HENAN PROVINCE SIZE: 54 HA
06 OTHER WORKS
PHOTOGRAPHY, DRAWINGS
2-23
24-37
38-43
44-55
56-65
66-71
1
THE MEDIATOR BOSTON HARBOR RESERVED CHANNEL DESIGN
Time: Sep.2016~Nov.2016 GSD 1211 studio: The Adaptive City Nominated for GSD Platform10 Location: Reserved Channel, South Boston, MA, US Tutor: Sergio Loez-pineiro Type: academic Size:33.5 Ha Collaborator: Matthew Wong
Boston harbor, serves as the main port of Boston. It is a good example of global harbor area. For the maintaining of shipping channel, the dredge operation happens regularly. At the same time, a coastal city has to face the rising sea level. This program use Boston harbor as a model to explore the strategies for coastal cities to deal will both sea level rising and dredge operation and also change of rainfall. We design a landform system in a long time process, which will develop with the city. Dredge materials are used to build new landform after phytoremediation process and protect city from the rising sea level. At the same time, another landform collects and purifies rainwater to build a wetland area between urban areas.
The program deals with four changes to urban area: - Rising sea level, - Change of rain fall - Increased dredge material - Population growth
GENEALOGICAL TREE Starting with landforms, this program combine different landforms and make connection between dredge material and seawater.
DESIGN STRATEGY
PROCESS
Construction period
Dredge material will be used to build dike, some programs begin to appear. Plants are used to do phytoremediation.
Nursery and wetland appear, more programs happen. Soil test starts on where dredge material placed.
Urban construction begin to expand, some nursery area and wetland area are replaced. Construction of dike and phytoremediation process continue.
Urban area continue to expand. Buildings begin to show on the earliest dike area. More nursery area and wetland area will be replaced by urban area.
Urban construction and soil phytoremediation are still in processing. The dredge operation happens again for the maintaining of shipping channel.
Buildings expand to more area, no nursery area anymore, trees in nursery are used as street trees
Construction continue, but the expansion of building stop at the edge of the wetland. The middle area is left for eco-park
Urban construction comes to end, more programs happen on the water.
SITE PLAN(YEARS)
year 1
year 5
year 15
year 25
year 50
year 75
SITE PLAN (SEASONS)
spring
summer
autumn
winter
PLANT STRATEGY
phytoremediation area plant strategy
wetland area plant strategy
nursery area plant strategy
BUILDING STRATEGY
DREDGE STRATEGY
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
year 0
year 1
year 25
year 100
AXOMETRIC DIAGRAM
plants
green roof
buildings
roads
land
SERIES SECTIONS
year 1
year 5
year
r 25
year 100
2
THE BREAKER GUANTANAMO-GUASO WATERSHED DESIGN
Time: Feb.2017~Apr.2017 GSD 1212 studio: Territorial Ecologies Location: Guantanamo-Guaso watershed, Guantanamo Province, Cuba Tutor: Belinda Tato Type: academic (team work) Size:246263.8 Ha Collaborator: Na Wang, Kevin Jin He, Mariel Collard, Nicholas Lynch, Madeleine Aronson, Rhea Shah, Diana Jih, Seok Min Yeo, Ziwei Ye, Ann Salerno
GUANTÁNAMO LAND BETWEEN RIVERS
Redefining the territory and its local GUANTÁNAMO economyBETWEEN through the empowerment LAND RIVERS of the watershed Redefining the territory and its local economy through the empowerment of the watershed
upstream Because of Cuba’s Large-scale, over engineered dams cause more problems than benefits for the region and its economy, we propose to stop dam maintenance, accepting their expected 50-year lifespans. We propose upstream shifting from impermeable dams and open, standing reservoirs, to a system of smaller, softly-engineered micro-dams that allow for downstream flow, and place water management into the hands of local agricultural stakeholders. Because of Cuba’s Large-scale, over engineered dams cause more problems than benefits for the region and its economy, we propose to stop dam maintenance, accepting their expected 50-year lifespans. We propose shifting from impermeable dams and open, standing reservoirs, to a system of smaller, softly-engineered micro-dams that allow for downstream flow, and place water management into the hands of local agricultural stakeholders.
midstream In the context of declining agricultural industry in the region, it is imperative to address tthe desertification wing the water and allowing for percolation through a series of small sm topographic process, by slowing midstream he goal is to reintroduce aridity suited agriculture as an alternative eeconomic activity, interventions. The egion to be self sufficient and protecting the soil and river from erosion and pollution allowing the region In the context of declining agricultural industry in the region, it is imperative to address tthe desertification wing the water and allowing for percolation through a series of small sm topographic process, by slowing he goal is to reintroduce aridity suited agriculture as an alternative eeconomic activity, interventions. The egion to be self sufficient and protecting the soil and river from erosion and pollution allowing the region
0
10
downstream
30
50KM
SCALE 1:1,000,000
Guantanamo Bay U.S. Naval Base, colloquially known as Gitmo, is located in Cuba’s Guantanamo-Guaso watershed. This is identiSCALE fied as one of the priority watersheds by the Instituto Nacional de1:1,000,000 Recursos Hidráulicos (National Institute of Hydraulic Resources) STU 1212 as it gets the lowest annual rainfall of the island, has a strongBelinda tendency Tato to drought and is highly susceptible to saltwater intrusion.
This intervention explores the symbolic relationship between the Bay’s wetlands, which serve as a protective buffer against storm surges and saltwater intrusion, and the salt pans, which sustain the region economically. Sediment from upstream accumulates in stratgically designated marsh areas until terraces can be built for downstream sustained salt harvesting. New topography repositions the Cuban shoreline as resilent and adaptable to changing economic viability forBay’s the region This intervention explores the symbolic relationship between the wetlands, which serve as a protective buffer against storm surges and saltwater intrusion, and the salt pans, which sustain the region economically. Sediment from upstream accumulates in stratgically designated marsh areas until terraces can be built for sustained salt harvesting. New topography repositions the Cuban shoreline as resilent and adaptable to changing economic viability for the region
0
10
30
50KM
STU 1212
The presence of the military base and its historical and political complexities, as well as the highly engineered and industrialized waBelinda Tato ter management and infrastructural development in the region have led to the suppression of the ecological processes and hindered both the metabolism of the watershed and potential economic activities for the local communities. These conditions along with contaminated effluents deforestation, erosion of soils, salinization of aquifers and climatic changes have contributed to an ongoing process of desertification of the watershed. We understand this landscape as a hydrosocial territory: “socially, naturally and politically constituted spaces that are (re)created through the interactions amongst human practices, water flows, hydraulic technologies, biophysical elements, socio-economic structures and cultural-political institutions”. Our project redefines the territory through this notion by empowering the watershed to enhance the region’s autonomy. Though a series of landform operations, water retention and flow soft systems and using plant agency we will slow the flow of water, increasing the holding capacity of the arid soils and fortifying the watershed against looming climate change effects. These bottom up strategies bring power back to the communities, promote self sufficiency and reinforce existing local economies. De-engineering = De-militarization
2110
2110
2105
2100
2095
2090
2085
2090
2085
2075
2070
2065
2060
2055
protected terraced salt plan
2070
2065
2060
2055
2050
2045
2040
2035
2030
2025
alluvial soil stabilization
system stabilized
2035
2030
2025
2020
2017 2010
2017 2010
2005
2000
2000
dam breached dam breached dam breached
establish zai
establish well
land formed from erosion
proposed river path
dam breached
establish reservoir vegetation buffer
2040
2020
reservoir vegetation buffer expansion
agriculture relocation
establish wind break
establish upstream catchment
2045
establishe majority of catchment
2050
2005
dam maintenance stops
planting to strength soil structure
further planting phase
water diverge
sediment accumulation
upland sedimentation dunes and inter-tidal accretion protected terraced salt plan
protected terraced salt plan
2075
agriculture accumulation
2080
dam decommissioned
dam decommissioned
dam breached
dam breached
dam breached
2080
storm surge buffer
2095
floodplain established as reservoirs evaporate
storm surge buffer
2100
UPSTREAM
2105
1995
1990
1990
1985
1985
1980
1980
1975
1975
MIDSTREAM
1995
1970
0
1970
1965
1960
5
1960
1955
1950
25
1945
1945
1940
1940
1935
1930
50
1930
1925
1925
DOWNSTREAM
SCALE 1:2,000,000
1950
Guantรกnamo - Guaso Watershed
1955
1935
PROJECTIVE TIMELINE
1965
1920
1920
BORDER COLLAGE
75°15'0"W
75°12'0"W
75°9'0"W
75°6'0"W
75°3'0"W
MAIN RIVERS 75°0'0"W
75°21'0"W 75°30'0"W
75°18'0"W 75°27'0"W
75°15'0"W 75°24'0"W
75°12'0"W 75°21'0"W
75°9'0"W 75°18'0"W
75°6'0"W 75°15'0"W
75°3'0"W 75°12'0"W
75°0'0"W 75°9'0"W
20°12'0"N
75°18'0"W
20°12'0"N
75°21'0"W
20°15'0"N
Songo - La Maya
20°15'0"N
20°15'0"N
20°15'0"N
Jurisdicción
Canasta Mountains
20°12'0"N
La Yaya Dam
20°12'0"N
Clotilde Dam
20°12'0"N
20°12'0"N
Sugar Mill Argeo Martínez
Los Reynaldos
20°9'0"N
20°9'0"N
Faustino Pérez Dam
Cabañas
Los Cocos
20°6'0"N
20°6'0"N
La Yaya
El Vilorio
20°9'0"N
20°9'0"N
20°9'0"N
20°9'0"N
Reparto Obrero
Guantanamo
Santa María Hill
20°6'0"N
20°6'0"N
20°6'0"N
20°6'0"N
20°3'0"N
20°3'0"N
San Justo
Caimanera
20°0'0"N
20°0'0"N
Cayamo
20°3'0"N
20°3'0"N 20°0'0"N
Frank País Salt Flats
0
2.5
5
19°57'0"N 20°0'0"N
20°0'0"N
19°57'0"N
20°3'0"N
20°3'0"N
Paraguay
20°0'0"N
Sugar Mill
10km
0
SCALE 1:90,000
75°9'0"W
75°9'0"W
75°6'0"W
75°6'0"W
75°3'0"W
75°3'0"W
75°0'0"W
75°0'0"W
75°21'0"W
75°18'0"W
75°24'0"W
75°15'0"W
75°21'0"W
75°12'0"W
75°18'0"W
75°9'0"W
75°15'0"W
75°6'0"W
75°12'0"W
75°3'0"W
75°9'0"W
75°0'0"W
San Fernando
La Lima
Honduras
20°12'0"N
20°12'0"N
Clotilde Dam
20°12'0"N20°15'0"N
20°15'0"N Sugar Mill
20°12'0"N
20°12'0"N
20°15'0"N
75°27'0"W
20°15'0"N20°18'0"N
75°12'0"W
20°15'0"N20°18'0"N
75°12'0"W
20°12'0"N20°15'0"N
75°15'0"W
20°18'0"N
75°15'0"W
20°15'0"N
75°18'0"W
10km
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
20°18'0"N
75°18'0"W
5
GUANTÁNAMO RIVER
20°15'0"N
75°21'0"W
2.5
SCALE 1:90,000
GUASO RIVER
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
Carrera Larga
Sempre
Cuneira
20°9'0"N 20°12'0"N
20°9'0"N 20°12'0"N
20°9'0"N
Jaibo Dam
20°9'0"N
20°9'0"N
20°9'0"N
Jamaica
Canasta Mountains
20°6'0"N 20°9'0"N
20°6'0"N 20°9'0"N
20°6'0"N
Guantanamo
20°3'0"N 20°6'0"N
20°3'0"N 20°6'0"N
20°6'0"N 20°3'0"N
20°3'0"N
20°6'0"N
20°6'0"N
San Carlos
Sugar Mill
20°0'0"N 20°3'0"N
20°3'0"N 20°0'0"N
20°0'0"N 20°3'0"N
20°3'0"N 20°0'0"N
Paraguay
20°0'0"N
20°0'0"N
Confluence of Hondo and Guantanamo River
0
2.5
5 SCALE 1:90,000
HONDO RIVER Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
10km
0
2.5
5 SCALE 1:90,000
JAIBO RIVER
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
10km
GUANTÁNAMO LAND BETWEEN RIVERS Redefining the territory and its local economy through the empowerment of the watershed upstream
UPSTREAM
Because of Cuba’s Large-scale, over engineered dams cause more problems than benefits for the region and its economy, we propose to stop dam maintenance, accepting their expected 50-year lifespans. We propose shifting from impermeable dams and open, standing reservoirs, to a system of smaller, softly-engineered micro-dams that allow for downstream flow, and place water management into the hands of local agricultural stakeholders.
Because of Cuba’s Large-scale, over engineered dams cause more problems than benefits for the region and its economy, we propose to stop dam maintenance, accepting their expected 50-year lifespans. We propose shifting from impermeable dams and open, standing reservoirs, to a system of smaller, softly-engineered mimidstream cro-dams that allow for downstream flow, In the context of declining agricultural industry in the region, it is imperative to address and place water management into thetthe desertification wing the water and allowing for percolation through a series of sm process, by slowing small topographic hands of local agricultural stakeholders. he goal is to reintroduce aridity suited agriculture as an alternative eeconomic activity, interventions. The egion to be self sufficient and protecting the soil and river from erosion and pollution allowing the region
YEAR 00 YEAR 00 YEAR 00 DAM MAINTANANCE DAM MAINTANANCE DAM STOPPED MAINTANANCE STOPPEDSTOPPED
YEAR 10 YEAR 10 YEAR 10 ESTABLISH ESTABLISH RESERVIOR ESTABLISH RESERVIOR VEGETATION RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFER VEGETATION & BUFFER WIND BREAK &BUFFER WIND BREAK & WIND BREAK
YEAR 00 DAM MAINTANANCE STOPPED YEAR 30 YEAR 30 YEAR 30
YEAR 10 ESTABLISH RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFYEAR 40 YEAR 40 YEAR 40 DAM BREACHED DAM BREACHED THROUGH DAM BREACHED THROUGH HURRICANE THROUGH HURRICANE HURRICANE ER & WIND BREAK
ORITY MAJORITY CATCHMENT MAJORITY CATCHMENT ESTABLISHED CATCHMENT ESTABLISHED ESTABLISHED ATER OF WATER RESERVIOR OF WATER RESERVIOR DECREASED OF RESERVIOR DECREASED DECREASED AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE ACCUMULATION AGRICULTURE ACCUMULATION ACCUMULATION
YEAR 30 YEAR 30 YEAR 30 MAJORITY CATCHMENT ESTABLISHED MAJORITY CATCHMENT ESTABLISHED MAJORITY CATCHMENT ESTABLISHED YEAR 20 YEAR 20 YEAR 20 WATER OF RESERVIOR DECREASED WATER OF RESERVIOR DECREASED WATER OF RESERVIOR DECREASED ESTABLISH ESTABLISH UPSTREAM ESTABLISH UPSTREAM CATCHMENT UPSTREAM CATCHMENT CATCHMENT AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE ACCUMULATION AGRICULTURE ACCUMULATION ACCUMULATION
YEAR 20 ESTABLISH UPSTREAM CATCHMENT YEAR 50 YEAR 50 YEAR 50
DAM NOT DAM FUNCTIONAL NOTDAM FUNCTIONAL NOT FUNCTIONAL UPSTREAM UPSTREAM CATCHMENT UPSTREAM CATCHMENT FULLY CATCHMENT FUNCTIONAL FULLY FUNCTIONAL FULLY FUNCTIONAL HIGH WATER HIGHEFFICIENCY WATER HIGH EFFICIENCY WATER AND EFFICIENCY SLOW AND FLOW SLOW AND FLOW SLOW FLOW
RESERVIOR RESERVIOR VEGETATION RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFER VEGETATION EXPAND BUFFER EXPAND BUFFER EXPAND
YEAR 40 YEAR 40 YEAR 40 DAM BREACHED THROUGH HURRICANE DAM BREACHED THROUGH HURRICANE DAM BREACHED THROUGH HURRICANE RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFER EXPAND RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFER EXPAND RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFER EXPAND
CONTOUR INTERVALS CONTOUR INTERVALS CONTOUR INTERVALS
YEAR 30 MAJORITY CATCHMENT ESTABLISHED WATER OF RESERVIOR DECREASED AGRICULTURE ACCUMULATION Residential
Residential
YEAR 40 5m 5m 5m DAM BREACHED THROUGH HURRICANE 50 m 50 m 50 m RESERVIOR VEGETATION BUFFER EXPAND LAND USE LAND USE LAND USE Residential
YEAR 50 YEAR 50 YEAR 50 DAM NOTDAM FUNCTIONAL NOT FUNCTIONAL DAM NOT FUNCTIONAL UPSTREAM CATCHMENT FULLY FUNCTIONAL UPSTREAM CATCHMENT FULLY FUNCT UPSTREAM CATCHMENT FULLY FUNCTIONAL HIGHEFFICIENCY WATER AND SLOW FLOW HIGHEFFICIENCY WATER AND SLOW HIGH WATER ANDEFFICIENCY SLOW FLOW
YEAR 50 DAM NOT FUNCTIONAL UPSTREAM CATCHMENT FULLY FUNCTIONAL HIGH WATER EFFICIENCY AND SLOW FLOW
Agriculture Relocate Agriculture Relocate Agriculture Relocate Agricultural Agricultural
Agricultural
Wind Break Wind Break Ecological
Forest
Small farms have greater control over irrigation, allowing for the farming of subsistence crops.
More drought-tolerant species reduce the overall water demand.
Lysiloma latisiliquum Wild Tamarind
Casearia hirsuta Wild Coffee
Sabal palmetto Sabal Palm
A fast-growing, pioneer species that develops into a large shade tree, allowing for a wide array of species needing such a canopy to establish. An effective wind buffer.
Un understory shrub that grows in masses and attracts a range of wildlife. Fast-growing, evergreen that tolerates diverse soil conditions.
An adapatable tree that tolerates standing water and wind. This slower growing species will reach maturity long after wild coffee and tamarind.
Gymnanthes lucida OysterwoodRivers
Lablab Bean Dolichos lablab
Agricultural
Agricultural Wind Break
Ecological
Wind Break
5m
5m
5m
50 m
50 m
50 m
LAND USE LAND USE Common Fig LAND USE Ficus carica l.
Agricultural
Sweet Orange Citrus sinensis l.
WindFigleaf Break
Gourd
Buffer Vegetation Buffer Vegetation Buffer Vegetationficifolia Ecological Ecological Cucurbita Forest
Forest
Forest
Mung Bean HYDROLOGY HYDROLOGY Vigna radiata HYDROLOGY Rivers
Rivers
Rivers
Reservoirs (with Reservoirs seasonal (with depths) Reservoirs seasonal depths) (with seasonal depths) Dams
Dams
Dams
Water Catchments Water Catchments Water Catchments
0
0
5
0
10
10
20km
SCALE 1:160,000 SCALE 1:160,000 SCALE 1:160,000
CowpeaCONTOUR CONTOUR INTERVALS CONTOUR INTERVALS INTERVALS Vigna unguiculata
Agriculture Relocate Agriculture Relocate Agriculture Relocate
HYDROLOGY HYDROLOGY HYDROLOGY Roystonea regia Royal Palm
JAIBO RIVER JAIBO RIVER JAIBO RIVER
Papaya Canca papaya l.
Residential
Rivers
Forest
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed - Guaso Watershed Guantánamo - GuasoGuantánamo Watershed
Cassava Manihot esculenta
Residential
Rivers
Forest
Reservoirs seasonal depths) Reservoirs (with seasonal depths)species that is Reservoirs (with seasonal (with depths) An evergreen tree that grows A nitrogen-fixing Dams Dams Dams well along rivers and withstands large, majestic and fast-growing. Water Catchments Water Catchments seasonal inundation. Water Catchments Tolerates both wet and dry soils and serves as habitat for a variety of animals. 0 5 0 0 5 10 5
Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas
Residential
Wind Break
Buffer Vegetation Buffer Vegetation Ecological Ecological Buffer Vegetation
5
10
5
10
10
Vegetated wind buffer SCALE 1:160,000 SCALE 1:160,000 SCALE 1:160,000 preven prevents water evaporation
20km
20km
20km
JAIBO JAIBO RIVER JAIBO RIVER RIVER
de sha
Guantánamo Guantánamo - GuasoGuantánamo Watershed - Guaso Watershed - Guaso Watershed
v pre s ent eva n
atio por
root stabilization
constructed rocky edge
0
5
10 SCALE 1:100
MICRO-DAMS
VEGETATION STRATEGY
20m
Water irrigation system enabled 20kmby micro-dams
20km
BUILDING
1.5 m
river incision to direct water rivulet
VEGETATION
bund walls flood height stepped wetlands
aquaculture pools pipes to pump up water aquifers infiltrated with brackish water
CROP AREA
10 to 20 m
GUANTĂ NAMO
0.5 to 1m
2 to 5m
30 m shade prevents evaporation brick/ limestone masonry walls water collection water percolation layers
5 to 10 m
LAND BETWEEN RIVERS
RIVULET
Redefining the territory and its local economy through the empowerment of the watershed
BERI (WELL)
ZAI
upstream RIVER AND WETLAND
Large-scale, over engineered dams cause more problems than benefits for the region and ropose to stop dam maintenance, accepting their expected 50-year lifespans. We propose ermeable dams and open, standing reservoirs, to a system of smaller, softly-engineered allow for downstream flow, and place water management into the hands of local agricultural stakeholders. LANDFORM
midstream
MIDSTREAM
declining agricultural industry in the region, it is imperative to address tthe desertification In the context of declining agricultural inng the water and allowing for percolation through a series of small sm topographic in thearidity region, it isagriculture imperative e goal is todustry reintroduce suited as to an adalternative eeconomic activity, the desertification process, slowgion to be dress self sufficient soil andby river from erosion and pollution and protecting the
ing the water and allowing for percolation through a series of small topographic interventions. The goal is to reintroduce aridity suited agriculture as an alternative economic activity, allowing the region to be self sufficient and protecting the soil and river from erosion and pollution.
downstream
0
200
400
800m
1:7000
Midstream Plan Guantanamo River
0
10
30
SCALE 1:1,000,000
50KM
BERI
WETLANDS
0
10
25 SCALE 1:500
50m
0.5 to 1m
shade prevents evaporation brick/ limestone masonry walls water collection water percolation layers
5 to 10 m
RIVULETS
MIDSTREAM SECTION PERSPECTIVE Guantรกnamo - Guaso Watershed
0.3 m
0.5 to 1m
5 to 10 m
bund walls flood height stepped wetlands 10 to 20 m rough bund zai with percolating soil
rough bund zai with percolating soil
aquaculture pools pipes to pump up water aquifers infiltrated with brackish water
5 to 10 m
ZAI
10 to 20 m
2m
0.5 to 1m
10 to 20 m
river incision to direct water rivulet
bund walls flood height stepped wetlands
2 to 5m
shade prevents evaporation brick/ limestone masonry walls water collection water percolation layers
2m
bund walls flood height stepped wetlands
0.3 m
1.5 m
30 m
30 m aquaculture pools pipes to pump up water aquifers infiltrated with brackish water
2 to 5m
roughprevents bund evaporation shade aquaculture pools zai with brick/ limestone masonry walls percolating soil pipes to pump up water water collection aquifers infiltrated with water percolation layers brackish water
river incision to direct water rivulet
0.3 m
n layers
2 to 5m
30 m
vaporation masonry walls
river incision to direct water rivulet
1.5 m
1.5 m
2m
AQUACULTURE
GUANTÁNAMO LAND BETWEEN RIVERS
TERRACED SALT PANS
Redefining the territory and its local economy through the empowerment of the watershed
BERMS
upstream ALLUVIAL FLOW
use of Cuba’s Large-scale, over engineered dams cause more problems than benefits for the region and conomy, we propose to stop dam maintenance, accepting their expected 50-year lifespans. We propose ing from impermeable dams and open, standing reservoirs, to a system of smaller, softly-engineered o-dams that allow for downstream flow, and place water management into the hands of local agricultural stakeholders.
ORGANIZATION
Rivers Salinity Gradient (low to high) Berms 1/2 m contours 0
3
6km
SCALE 1:3000
SALT INTERVENTION Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
SALINITY
LANDFORM
midstream ORGANIZATION Rivers Salinity Gradient (low to high) Berms 1/2 m contours
he context of declining agricultural industry in the region, it is imperative to address tthe desertification wing the water and allowing for percolation through a series of small sm topographic ess, by slowing he goal is to reintroduce aridity suited agriculture as an alternative eeconomic activity, ventions. The egion to be self sufficient and protecting the soil and river from erosion and pollution llowing the region 0
PROCESS
Salinity Gradient (low to high)
3
6km
SCALE 1:3000
SALT INTERVENTION
0
3
6km
SCALE 1:3000
SALT INTERVENTION
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
0
downstream
10
30
50KM
SCALE 1:1,000,000
DOWNSTREAM
intervention explores the symbolic relationship between the Bay’s wetlands, which serve as a protective er against storm surges and saltwater intrusion, and the salt pans, which sustain the region economically. ment from upstream accumulates in stratgically designated marsh areas until terraces can be built for ained salt harvesting. New topography repositions the Cuban shoreline as resilent and adaptable to changing economic viability for the region
This intervention explores the symbolic relationship between the Bay’s wetlands, which serve as a protective buffer against storm surges and saltwater intrusion, and the salt pans, which sustain the region economically. Sediment from upstream accumulates in strategically designated marsh areas until terraces can be built for sustained salt harvesting. New topography repositions the Cuban shoreline as resilient and adaptable t changing economic viability for the region.
STU 1212 Belinda Tato
LEGEND Salinity Terrace Salt Flat Ditch River
0
900
1,800 SCALE 1:40,000
3,600m
GUANTANAMO RIVER Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
Phase 4
Phase 3
Planting + Staking
Alluvial Soil Stablilization Storm Surge Buffer
Phase 5
Intertidal Accretion Intertidal Accretion
Layering + Mounding Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Upland Sedimentation Dunes
Flat Alluvial Plain
Phase 1
Initial Soil Accumulation
Upland Sedimentation Dunes
Flat Alluvial Plain
Established Wetland Zone
Phase 2
Planting + Staking
hase 2
Phase 5
Planting + Staking
Phase 3
Phase 3 Phase 3
Storm Surge Buffer Alluvial Soil Stablilization
Phase 1
Storm Surge Buffer Expanded
Phase 4
Storm Surge Buffer
Phase 5
Intertidal Accretion
Intertidal Accretion
Initial Soil Accumulation Protected Terraced Salt Pan
PhaseAlluvial 4 Soil Stablilization
Phase 3
Storm Surge Buffer Alluvial Soil Stablilization
Established Wetland Zone
Phase 5
Storm Surge Buffer Expanded
Phase 2 Phase 3
Salt industry reorganized. Layering + Mounding Caimanera goes from supplying 100% Layering + Mounding
85% ofWetland Cuba’sZone salt to Established
Protected Terraced Salt Pan Upland Sedimentation Wetland ZoneDunes Functional
Planting + Staking
Storm Surge Buffer Expanded
Phase 6 Storm Surge Buffer
Phase 5
Evaporation Pool Terraced Salt Pan
Estuary Delta Salt Pan Berm
Rhisophora mangle Red Mangrove
Salinity 5-18% Salt Marsh
Spartina alterniflora Cord Grass
Existing salt pans lie on flood plain elevation, which is precarious for salt industry as well as groundwater reserves. Berms and terracing will protect fields.
Accretion layer stabilized by soft engineering and vegetation
Dense, fast-growing land builders thriving in brackish marshes. Sediment accretion protects coast from sea level rise Initial Soil Accumulation and buffers salt fields.
Buffers salt fields and freshwater from storm surges, remediates upstream pollutants, and is home to many species of plants that grows easily in salty and alkaline soils.
Lives directly on the water, sheds excess salt, grows out of the muddy alluvial deposits.
Landform Through Time
Salt Flats Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Layering + Mounding Flat Alluvial Plain
Established Wetland Zone
Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Landform Through Time
Initial Soil Accumulation
Upland Sedimentation Dunes
hase 3
Storm Surge Buffer Expanded
Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Thin Halite Crust
Wetland Zone Functional
Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Wetland Zone Functional
Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Access to fishing granted after two generations waterway Established of Wetland Zonerestrictions.
0
Salinity5035%
SCAL
SALT
Guantánamo Salt Grass
Phase 3
Phase 3
Alluvial Soil Stablilization Distichlis Spicata
Storm Surge Buffer Expanded
Pickleweed Salicornia Purslane Portulaca oleracea Glasswort Salicornia
Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Salt Marsh Hay Spartinia patens
Wetland Zone Functional
Protected Terraced Salt Pan
Layering + Mounding
Black Mangrove 0 Avicennia germinans
White Mangrove Laguncularia racemosa
50
100
Wetland Zone Functional
200 m
SCALE 1:160,000
SALT MARSH
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed salt harvesting piles
constructed retaining wall
deltaic river deposits alluvial soils
0
50 0
100 SCALE 1:160,000 100 50
SALT MARSH SCALE 1:160,000 SALT MARSH
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
root stabilization
200 m
Landform Through Time
Landform Through Time
Phase 2 Phase 4
hase 1
impermeable clay layer
200 m
reworked mixture of quartz, gypsum, halite
tidal inundation
0
25
50 SCALE 1:300
200 m
SALT SOVEREIGNTY Guantánamo - Guaso Watershed
100m
3
THE STORY TELLER AMTHITHEATER DESIGN
Time: Apr.2016~May.2016 Location: Changde, Huan Province, China Tutor: Dongyun Liu Type: academic Size: 0.7 Ha
This project is a amphitheater near an old moat. It locates in a new business area where used to be an historical old city. This design combines the old city’s element with modern urban use. Old bricks are used to build the new theater, folding line is used to represents the turbulent history of this site and create a various experience at the same time. At night, the light design is try to create a feeling of “light from an ancient city�.
SITE PLAN (NIGHT)
Create accessibility to water
Extent building texture
Strengthen the history record
SITE PLAN (DAY)
SECTION PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
4
THE CONNECTOR WUDAOKOU URBAN OPEN SPACE DESIGN
Time: Apr.2015~Jun.2015 Location: Wudaokou, Haidian district, Beijing,China Tutor: Xiangrong Wang Type: academic Size: 15.5 Ha
WUDAOKOU
SANYUAN BRIDGE
ANHUA BRIDGE
NONGZHAN BRIDGE
SITONG BRIDGE
SANLITUN
XIZHIMEN
EXPEDITE SLOWLY CONGESTION SEVERE CONGESTION
CHAOWAI
TRANSPORTATION CONDITION OF BEIJING AT MORNING-EVENING RUSH HOUR BEIJING HAS BECOME ONE OF THE CITIES THAT HAS THE MOSTE SERIOUS TRAFFIC CONGESTION ALMOST EVREYDAY PEOPLE WILL GET STUCK IN THE CONGESTION ON THE WAY TO WORK OR BACK TO HOME THE AVERAGE SPEED OF CAR IS ONLY 25KM PER HOUR AT THE RUSH
LIZE BRIDGE
YONGDINGMEN BRIDGE
2015
LOW USAGE RATE OF BICYCLE
2020
BEIJING IS A CITY WHICH IS BUILT ON PLANE, THE LANDSCAPE IS SUITABLE FOR BICYCLE. AND BEIJING HAS THE HIGHEST BICYCLE LANES COVERAGE RATE BUT THE USAGE RATE IS LOW, MANY OF THE EXISTING BICYCLE LANE HAS BEEN DESTROIED
BICYCLE LANES COVERAGE RATE RATIO OF USING BICYCLE AS A TRANSPORT NUMBER OF BUS STATION PER 4 KM2 NUMBER OF SUBWAY STATION PER 4 KM2
72
%
134 36%
DOT
30% 71
20%
23
12% 6%
2%
NEW YORK
14
41
%
36 7
4
MUNICH COPENHAGEN
NET
18% 48 14 6
2%
BEIJING TOKYO
ROAD WITH BICYCLE LANE ROAD SITE
BE A MODEL OF CONNECTOR REBUILT THE BICYCLE LANES TO EASE THE TRAFFIC PRESSURE
BICYCLE LAINE SYSTEM
SITE
BICYCLE LAINE SYSTEM
GREEN SPACE SYSTEM
SITE
GREEN SPACE SYSTEM
ASSET OF THE SITE
A
SS ET
ND
Q O HT F F W B M H LO A N IT C Y EL E CO K IS IT LL IN E AR TH TO S E U WO SIT SE R E TH KI , TE E NG HR SI TE IN E A IT R . .T E H TH IS O W U IL SE L N BR D IN S G
-6
IC
AS
SE
T5
TH ON ERE A E O RE T N TH TH WO IS E N SU MA OR BW KE TH A ST HE SID Y STA SIT E, A TIO EC ON ND THN NEA VIN E OT R TH IEN HER OE SIT TT N E, O A THE S OU R
TH
ES
EE
O
FF
E
GR
A
RE
A NL
S NT
CK LA THE
AR G NE VE EA HA LIN R A OT EL NG O N W I RE LIV D G ERE Y A E AN TH TH HU IVE O Z L G ,S AN HO LAX W W RE NG PLE O O T O D E D PE AN TH ITE, NL S EE R G
A
E
HE
TO
T SE
T SI
U
E ID
-1
S RE
ET
S AS
UB
WA YS
TA TIO
RIV
N
TH
E
IGN STUDENTS ASSET-2 FORE RE
SIT
E
G LANGUAGE AND CULTU THE WEST GATES OF BEIJIN MANY T OF THE SITE, THERE ARE UNIVERSTY ARE IN FRON H CAN LEAD TO FOREIGN STUDENTS, WHIC
CULTURAL DIVERSTIY
AY
E RAILW ASSET-4 THAY PASS BY THE SITE,
RAILW THE JINGBAO THE SITE A TRAIN GIVE THE PASSING
E
SPECIAL SCEN
AS SET -
3 H US TLE
TH E AR U-CE ET NT IT W HE M ER SH OS ILL T P OPPI BR OP NG ING LIV ULAR P AREA ING LACE ARE W O NE SS F COLLUDAOK TO O EG E S U CE TH TU ES DE NEMA ITE NT . SA RO
AN
DB
US TLE UN
D
CONCEPT AND STRATEGY
AS AN EXAMPLE OF BUILDING THE BICYCLE SYSTEM ADD BICYCLE LANE TO THE SITE TO CONNECT THE BICYCLE LANE NET
LEAD A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE ADD RUNWAY TO THE SITE TO CREATE A GOOD EXERCISE ENVIRONMENT
TIDY THE SITE MAKE SHE SITE COMFORTABLE AND ELEGANT AND RESERVE ITS LIVINGNESS
MOVE THE SIDEWALK
ADD A WAY TO SUBWAY STATION
A HILL TO PREVENT THE NOISE PROVIDE A VIEWING PLATFORM
INTEGRATE CORNERSHOPS
P P WODAOKOU SUBWAY STATION
11
6
1
2
5 7
SITE-PLAN
8
1.SHOP AND RESTAURANT CENTER 2.OPEN AIR THEATRE
3
3.WUDAOKOU WORKERS’ CINEMA
4
4.PARKING LOT
9
5.RAINWATER GARDEN 6.BICYCLE PARKING LOT 7.CORRIDOR AND STAND
10
8.CENTER LAWN 9.RUNWAY 10.THE TRANSITIONAL AREA BETWEEN STREET AND GREENLAND 11.HILL AND VIEWING PLATFORM 12.BOOKSTORE (EARTH-SHELTERED ARCHITECTURE) 13. CHILDREN’S ACTIVITY AREA 14.THE OUTDOOR CAFE 15.PLAZA WITH FOUNTAIN 16.WOODLAND
0
20
40
60
80M N
Wc
P Wc
16 13
12
15
6 14
BICYCLE PARK
PEOPLE WHO USE BICYCLE
SUBWAY STATION
BIRD EYE VIEW OF THE BUILDING THE BUILDING CONNECT THE SUBWAY STATION TO THE SITE, AND IT IS ALSO WORK AS THE COLLECTION OF THOSE CONER SHOPS NOW IT WILL BE A GOOD PLACE FOR MEALS AND PARTIES
WATER
BUILDING
RUNWAY
BICYCLE LANE FOOTPATH
BICYCLE LANE
ROAD
HARD SITE
TREES AND SHRUBS
GRASS
NOW
DISPERSE THE FLOW
FUTURE STUCTUER ANALYSIS OF THE SITE
SHOPPING CENTER SUBWAY STATION
PERGOLA AND RUNWAY AMPHITHEATER
OUTDOOR CAFE CHILDREN CENTER
TRANSITIONAL ZONE
AMPHITHEATER
PERGOLA AND RUNWAY
TRANSITIONAL ZONE
CHILDREN'S ACTIVITY AREA
5
THE TEACHER AND CLEANER ZHUMADIAN URBAN WATERFRONT CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
Time: Jul.2015~Aug.2015 Location: Zhumadian, Henan Province, China Tutor: Xiong Li Type: academic Size: 54 Ha
SITE ANALYSIS
ZHENGZHOU CENTRAL CITY HENAN PROVINCE
RESERVOIR
LIANJIANG RIVER
ZHUMADIAN
TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST SUBTROPICAL DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST
THE SITE IS ON THE UPSTREAM OF THE BIGEST TESERVOIR OF ASIA
ZHUMADIAN NEXT TO THE PROVINCIAL CAPITAL
BIRD MIGRATION ROUTE
THE SITE LOCATES IN THE AREA WITH ABUNDANT KINDS OF PLANTS. AND IT POINTS ON ONE OF THE BIRD MIGRATION ROUTE, IT SHOULD HAVE A GOOD NATUERAL ENVIRONMENT. BUT LIANHE RIVER HAS BEEN POLLUTED, THE RECENT SATELLITE PHOTOGRAPHS CLEARLY SHOWS THE RIVER IS FULL OF DUCKWEED, AND GARBAGE.
RESIDENCE ZONE
FACTORY
FACTORY
FACTORY
RESIDENCE ZONE
DUCKWEED SOURCE OF POLLUTION
GARBAGE
DIRECTION OF THE CITY DEVELOPMENT
CITY CENTER
HISTORY OF THE SITE
OLD CITY
NEW TOWN
NOW
FUTURE
ZHUMADIAN IS THE HOME TOWN OF LEIZU WHO CREATED THE SILK. LEIZU WAS THE WIFE OF YELLOW EMPEROR WHO BORN IN XILING NOW NEAR ZHUMADIAN CITY THOUSANDS YEARS AGO. SHE IS THE ONE WHO FIND THAT SILKWROM CAN PRODUCE SILK AND USED IT TO SPIN FOR CLOTH. IT IS HER CREATED THE SILK AND THE SILK CULTUREOF CHINA BEGAN. ACCORDING TO HISTORICAL RECORDS, JUST BECAUSE OF THE CREATING OF SILK, CAN ACIENT CHINESE PEOPLE SURVIVED FROM THE HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT AT THAT TIME. WITH OUT SILK, THE CIVILIZATION OF CHINA TODAY MAY NOT EXIST. BUT FEW PEOPLE KNOW ABOUT THE CREATOR OF SILK.
90
% RESIDENTS DO NOT KNOW ABOUT IT
CONCETP AND STRATEGY
BE A CLEANER
BE FLEXIBLE
BE A TEACHER
AN IMPORTANT RIVERFRONT SPACE OF THE CITY WHERE HAS BEEN POLLUTED
THE SITE IS TREATENED BY FLOOD
THE CITY IS THE HOMETOWN OF LEIZU
BE A MODEL OF TREATING POLLUTION
ADAPT TO THE CHANGE LEVLE
LET PEOPLE KNOW THE HISTORY INHERIT THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE
USE WET LAND AND AFI TO PURIFY WATER AND ATTRACT BIRDS
LET IT FLOW, SCENES CHANGE WITH THE CHANGING LEVEL
ABSTRACT SILK FORM, SET MULBERRY FIELDS AND THEME PLAZA
6
DRY YEAR
4 6
4
3 5
2
1
NORMAL
6 5
6
4 30 YEAR FLOOD
2
3 50 YEAR FLOOD
SITE-PLAN 6
1.THE BIRD TOWER 2.THE WHARF 3.ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLAND 4.PLAZA 5. WOODEN TRESTLE 6. WET LAND N 0
100
200
300
400M
PLANTING DESIGN
ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLAND MAIN PLANTS: FLOATING PLANTS DENSELY-WOODED AREA MAIN PLANTS: NATIVE PLANTS
OPEN FOREST GRASSLAND MAIN PLANTS: GARSS, TALL ARBORS
WET LAND MAIN PLANTS: WATER PLANTS
MULBERRY FIELDS MAIN PLANTS: MULBERRY WATER PLANT HERBAGE WOODY PLANT
VERTICAL DESIGN
2
1
1-1 SECTION 2 1
2-2 SECTION 3 50 YEAR FLOOD RIVER AREA 3
30 YEAR FLOOD RIVER AREA NORMAL RIVER AREA DRY YEAR RIVER AREA
3-3 SECTION
BE A CLEANER FOOTPATH
FIRT STEP ARTIFICIAL WET LAND
FOOTPATH
SECOND STEP ARTIFICIAL WET LAND
LIANJIANG RIVER
WATER INLET
COLLECTOR PIPE
WATER INLET EXAUST WATER PIPE COLLECTOR PIPE
SOIL & PADDING: GRAVEL + CETAMSITE + COAL CINDER
IMPERVIOUS BARRIER
IMPERVIOUS BARRIER
SOIL & PADDING: GRAVEL + CETAMSITE + COAL CINDER
SECTION OF ARTIFICIAL WET LAND THE MAIN POLLUTION OF LIANJIANG RIVER COMES FROM THE SURRONDING FACTORIES SEWAGE AND DOMESTIC WASTEWATER. FIRSTLY, GOVERNMENT SHOULD CONTROL THE DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE, THEN USING THE BIOLOGICAL CLEANING FUNCTION OF WET LAND TO CLEAN LIANJIANG RIVER.
URBAN RAINWATER
DOMESTIC WASTEWATER
SEWAGE FROM FACTORY
BESIDES, THE WET LAND WILL ATTRACT BIRDS TO THESE AREA AND OFFER PEOPLE A GOOD ENVIRONMENT.
FILTER SEDIMENTATION PONDS
ARFTER BASIC PURIFICATION PROSSESS OF SEWAGE, LET THOSE GRAY WATER FLOW INTO ARTIFICIAL WET LAND. WATER PLANTS AND PADDING LAYERS WILL PURIFY WATER. AND FINALLY DISCHARGE CLEAN WATER INTO LIANJIANG RIVER.
DEEP WATER AERATION POOLS
SEDIMENTATION PONDS
FILTER
SECTION OF ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLAND
THE ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLAND BOLCK THE SUN AND INHIBITS GROWTH OF ALGAS
USE ARTIFICIAL FLOATING ISLAND TO PURIFY THE WATER AND OFFER MORE CHANCE FOR PEOPLE TO GET TOUCH WITH WET LAND
BIRDS ATTRACTED BY PLANTS AND INSECTS THEY FEED ON
CH4
CH4
O2
N
CH4
O2
O2
P
H2S
CH4
H2S
P
O2
O2
N
ABSORBED BY BIOFILM COVERED ROOT SYSTEM OF WATER PLANTS
O2
P
N
P
N
FISH EAT SOME OF THE ROOTS AND TAKE AWAY EXCESS NITROGEN
ALWAYS BE THERE FLOATING ISLANDS CAN FLOAT ON THE RIVER SO THAT IT WON’T BLOCK THE RIVER AND THE VIEW OF IT WILL NOT CHANG WITH THE CHANGING RIVER LEVEL
DRY YEAR
NORMAL
50 YEARS FLOOD
PLANTING MEDIA FLATING MAT
7
9
7
7
8 6 8
4
5
PLANVIEW OF THE DELTA
3
1.ENTRANCE SQUARE
2
2. SLIGHT TERRAIN 3.WOOD PLATFORM 4.BIRD MUSEUM 5. BARRICADE AND PERGOLA 6.WOODEN TRESTLE 7.BIRD TOWER 8.WET LAND 9.WHARF
1
N 0
10
20
30
40m
RECONSTRUCT THE ABANDONEDZ FACTORY AS THE “BIRD TOWER”, ONE OF THEM IS RECONSTRCTED AS THE BIRD MUSEUM, THE OTHERS ARE RECONSTRCTED AS BIRD’S NEST AND OBSERVATION STATION. REBUILD THE TERRAIN, WHEN THE WATER LEVEL ARISE, THE CENTER AREA OF THE ISLAND CAN STILL BE ARRIVIED SO THAT PEOPLE CAN USE THE AREA MORE.
THE WAY TO RECONSTRUCT
LET TIME TO FINISH DESIGN
NOW
ABANDONED BUILDING
NET WITH PLANTER BAGS
PLANTS THAT BIRDS LIKE
ABANDONED BUILDINGS
THE BUILDING IS UGLY AND HAVE NO FUNCTION
”BIRD TOWER” 30M 25M
RAILING
AFTER
WINDOW 5M
OUTLOOK
RECONSTRUCT BUILDINGS
SECTION
AFTER RECONSTRUCTION, THE DELTTA BECOME MOER BEAUTIFUL AND THE ABANDING BUILDING HAVE ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
SMALL BIRDS
FUTURE
BIG BIRDS
A MATURE ECO-SYSTEM
ANALYSIS
AFTER YEARS, THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM REACHS AMTURE STAGE, HAVE A BETTER VIEW AND OFFER HABITANT FOR BIRDS
WINDOW LET SUNSHINE SHINE INTO THE BUILDING AND PEOPLE CAN HAVE DIFFERENT VIEW AT DIFFERENT FLOOR
DESIGN SKETCH OF THE WOOD TRESTLE
DESIGN SKETCH OF INSIDE THE TOWER
DESIGN SKETCH OF WOOD PLATFORM
DESIGN SKETCH OF BARRICADE AND PERGOLA
6
OTHER WORKS PHOTOGRAPHY WATERCOLOR SKETCH
IMITATION ART
THANK YOU