ADAMSON UNIVERSITY 50123: CE428C WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING CASE STUDY NO. 11-HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANTS IN THE PHILIPPINES PRESENTED BY:
PRESENTED TO:
C O R P U Z , T H E R E S E K I A N A P. MENDIOLA, HANNAH MARIZ G. S U E L L O , K H E N E M E R S O N T.
DR. TOMAS U. GANIRON, JR
HYDROELECTRICITY
- is electricity produced from hydropower.
HOW IT WORKS ? Hydropower plants capture the energy of falling water to generate electricity. A turbine converts the kinetic energy of falling water into mechanical energy. Then a generator converts the mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy.
HOW IT WORKS ?
HISTORY The history of hydropower started over 2000 years ago, when water wheels were being used by the ancient Greeks to grind grain. It was not until the Middle Ages that the technology was spread to Europe. Hydroelectric power was also important during the industrial revolution at the beginning of the 1800’s and provided mechanical power for textile and machine industries. The most important year in hydropower history was in 1831 when the first electric generator was invented by Michael Faraday. This laid the foundation for us to learn how to generate electricity with hydropower almost half a century later, in 1878.
HISTORY The first hydroelectric power plant, located in Appleton, Wisconsin, began to generate electricity already in 1882. The power output was at about 12.5 kW. 7 years later, in 1889, the total number of hydroelectric power plant solely in the US had reached 200.
In the 19th century, these power plants got an increased amount of commercial attention and was built rapidly in suitable areas all over the world. 1936 marks an important year – the largest hydroelectric power plant, the Hoover Dam, was opened and generated 1345 MW (installed capacity later increased 2080MW) from the flowing water in the Colorado River.
HISTORY During the first half of the 1900’s hydropower became the world’s most important source of electricity.
In 2008, Three Gorges Dam in China was built. This is the largest power plant at current date, generating 22.500 MW, adding to China’s installed hydroelectric capacity of 196.79 GW (2009).
HYDROELECTRIC POWERPLANTS IN THE PHILIPPINES •Agusan Dam
•Lumot Dam
•Angat Dam
•Magat Dam
•Binga Dam •Bustos Dam •Caliraya Dam
•Pantabangan Dam •Pulangi Dam
•Casecnan Dam •San Roque Dam 7
AGUSAN DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Agusan Hydroelectric Plant
LOCATION
Libona, Bukidnon
TYPE OF DAM
Concrete Flow
IMPOUNDS
Agusan River
ANGAT DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Angat Dam
LOCATION
Norzagaray, Bulacan
TYPE OF DAM
Concrete Water Reservoir Embankment Hydroelectric
IMPOUNDS
Angat River
BINGA DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Binga Hydroelectric Power Plant
LOCATION
Itogon, Benguet
TYPE OF DAM
Storage, Earth and Rock fill
IMPOUNDS
Agno River
BUSTOS DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Bustos Dam Angat Afterbay Regulator Dam
LOCATION
Bustos, Bulacan
TYPE OF DAM
Irrigation Dam
IMPOUNDS
Angat River
CALIRAYA DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Kalayaan PumpedStorage Project
LOCATION
Lumban, Laguna
TYPE OF DAM
Embankment Dam
IMPOUNDS
Caliraya River
CASECNAN DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Casecnan Irrigation and Hydroelectric Plant
LOCATION
Rizal, Nueve Ecija
TYPE OF DAM
Multi-purpose Dam
IMPOUNDS
Casecnan Irrigation and Power Generation Project
LUMOT DAM OFFICIAL Lumot River Dam NAME
LOCATION
Cavinti and Lumban, Laguna
TYPE OF DAM
Embankment Dam
IMPOUNDS
Caliraya River
MAGAT DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Magat Dam
LOCATION
Ifugao and Isabela
TYPE OF DAM
Rock-fill Dam
IMPOUNDS
Magat River
PANTABANGAN DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Pantabangan Dam
LOCATION
Pantabangan, Nueva Ecija
TYPE OF DAM
Embankment, Earth-fill Dam
IMPOUNDS Pampanga River
PULANGI DAM OFFICIAL NAME
Pulangi IV Hydroelectric Power Station
LOCATION
Maramag, Bukidnon
TYPE OF DAM
Gravity, Embankment Dam
IMPOUNDS
Pulangi River
SAN ROQUE DAM
OFFICIAL NAME
San Roque Dam
LOCATION
Pangasinan and Benguet
TYPE OF DAM
Embankment Dam
IMPOUNDS
Agno River
ADVANTAGES:
•I t i s a c l e a n e n e r g y s o u r c e . •N o F u e l C o s t •I t i s r e n e w a b l e .
•L o w O p e r a t i n g C o s t s a n d l i t t l e Maintenance •L o w E l e c t r i c i t y C o s t
•N o G r e e n h o u s e G a s E m i s s i o n s / A i r P o l l u t i o n
ADVANTAGES:
•E n e r g y S t o r a g e •S m a l l S i z e P o s s i b l e •R e l i a b i l i t y •H i g h L o a d F a c t o r •L o n g L i f e •I t i s s t a b l e a n d r e l i a b l e . •I t i s s a f e r t h a n o t h e r e n e r g y s o u r c e s . •I t o f f e r s o p p o r t u n i t i e s f o r r e c r e a t i o n a n d tourism.
DISADVANTAGES: •E n v i r o n m e n t a l , D i s l o c a t i o n a n d T r i b a l R i g h t s . •W i l d l i f e a n d F i s h e s g e t A f f e c t e d •E a r t h q u a k e V u l n e r a b i l i t y •S i l t a t i o n •T a i l R i s k , D a m F a i l u r e •C a n n o t b e B u i l t A n y w h e r e •L o n g G e s t a t i o n T i m e
DISADVANTAGES: •I t •I t •I t •I t •I t
is expensive to build. can cause environmental damage. can lead to drought. c a n c a u s e i n s u f f i c i e n t s u p p l y o f w a t e r. can cause floods to low-lying regions.
PROBLEMS • UPSTREAM FLOODING, DESTRUCTION OF AGRICULTURAL AREAS AND ANIMAL HABITAT AND DISRUPTION OF COMMUNITIES IN AFFECTED AREAS HAVE AFFECTED THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF LARGE HYDROPOWER PROJECTS IN THE COUNTRY. • HIGH UPFRONT COST • CHALLENGES OF PRODUCING INDIGENOUS SOURCE OF FUEL IN WAYS THAT WOULD NOT HARM THE ENVIRONMENT.
SOLUTIONS • PROVIDING AWARENESS ON THE STATE OF PHILIPPINE HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENTS, INNOVATIVE ENGINEERING DESIGNS, TRENDS AND EMERGING RELATED TECHNOLOGIES, LESSONS AS WELL AS BEST PRACTICES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT. • TO BUILD AND TO DEVELOP MINI-HYDROPOWER PLANTS IN SOME PARTS OF THE PHILIPPINES
REFERENCES:
http://www.wvic.com/content/how_hydropower_works.cfm https://energyinformative.org/the-history-of-hydroelectric-power/ http://www.orangesmile.com/extreme/en/impressive-dams/san-roque-dam.htm http://en.Wikipedia.org https://www.philstar.com/business/2014/08/22/1360206/phl-awash-hydropower-potential-needs-13b-investments https://www.philstar.com/business/2013/03/14/919299/doe-present-roadmap-hydropower-industry https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/how-hydroelectric-energy-works https://aboitizpower.com/generation/run-of-river-hydro/#hedcor https://www.rappler.com/business/industries/173-power-and-energy/116587-meralco-repower-joint-venturehydropower https://tunza.eco-generation.org/ambassadorReportView.jsp?viewID=43942
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