Our Girls Code

FEATURE CODING

Our Girls CODE EMPOWERING Harpeth Hall students with skills for the future.

by Varina Buntin Willse, Class of ’95

It is Wednesday December 7, just after lunch, and 8th graders are spilling into Mrs. Lucas’s class. The atmosphere is one of excited chatter even before Mrs. Lucas declares it a day of “free coding.”

That announcement prompts an arm-pumping cheer from the class, as if a game-winning goal has just been scored. And then all promptly settle into their work. What are the girls doing and, so obviously, enjoying? Coding.

CODING AS CURRICULUM

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his first full week of December happens to be Computer Science Education Week, and students around the globe are engaging in the Hour of Code™, a 60-minute tutorial intended to demystify the concept of coding and teach its basic components. Middle school students at Harpeth Hall, however, are receiving far more than an abbreviated glimpse or even a crash course into the subject matter. For them, Coding is a required class, which meets roughly once a week over the course of four semesters in 7th and 8th grades, and is followed up by upper school electives: Introduction to Computer Science, AP (Advanced Placement) Computer Science, and several other options offered by One Schoolhouse (formerly Online School for Girls).

Though coding as a class is new to Harpeth Hall, the emphasis on computer science is not.

Over the past several years, the school has been intentional in its efforts to incorporate coding projects, lessons and activities related to the field. Having introduced robotics roughly ten years ago, the school now offers competitive robotics teams in the middle and upper schools as well as newer clubs, such as ‘Robotics Tinkering’ and ‘CODE!’ Students not engaged in these extracurricular offerings have still been given a chance to learn computer science skills within the curriculum itself. For several years in the middle school students have completed coding projects in math, reading and science using JavaScript, Scratch, and Lego Robotics. In upper school math classes last year, students were writing programs for their graphic calculators, while in science they were developing breadboard circuits and controlling robots. In Winterim, students in Cryptography studied binary code and Bacon’s encryption scheme while those in Animation and Game Design used the programming language “Processing” to build arcade-style games. All of these offerings have set the stage for the current shift toward more focused instruction in coding, a task that at first might seem uninteresting or even intimidating to many students.

CODING 101 What is coding?

A set of instructions that tell the computer what to do Is it the same thing as programming?

Basically, Yes. Why the two terms?

Originally, “programming” was the formal act of writing code. The term “coding” became popular with the “hacker” do-ityourself types that viewed their craft with less formality. Recently the term “coding” has resurfaced as a more playful and non-intimidating description of programming for beginners.

How many programming languages are there?

500+ and counting.

Examples include C, Python, Scratch, Java, JavaScript and SQL. What does coding do?

It is used to create computer software, websites, apps, games, machines, art and all

LEAD CONFIDENTLY

sorts of things not yet

tephanie Zeiger, middle school Science Teacher and coordinator of the middle school coding curriculum, acknowledges that when she first defines coding for her students as “a set of instructions that tells the computer what to do,” the common response is one of boredom. When she adds that this set of instructions allows us “to design new technolo-

the essential skill

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invented, making coding of tomorrow.

“

[Coding] allows us . . . to design new technologies,

create art, envision a new world, express ideas, share their thoughts and solve problems.

— STEPHANIE ZEIGER, MS SCIENCE TEACHER

Sophomore Caroline Spindel ’19 created the code used on the cover and the binary representation code used in the cover story.

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posX = posX + velX * t;

velY = velY + accelerationY * t; posY = posY + velY * t;

FEATURE CODING

xValues[counter] = posX; yValues[counter] = posY;

f (counter = 100) { Serial.print(accelerationX); Serial.print(accelerationY);

delay(100); ounter++;

1100011 01101111 01101110 01110011 01110100 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 01111000 01010000 01101001 1101110 00100000 00111101 00100000 00110010 00111011 00001101 00001010 01100011 01101111 01101110 01110011 01110100 0100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 01111001 01010000 01101001 01101110 00100000 00111101 00100000 00110011 0111011 00001101 00001010 00001101 00001010 01110110 01101111 01101001 01100100 00100000 01110011 01100101 01110100 1110101 01110000 00101000 00101001 00100000 01111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01010011 01100101 01110010 1101001 01100001 01101100 00101110 01100010 01100101 01100111 01101001 01101110 00101000 00111001 00110110 00110000 0110000 00101001 00111011 00001101 00001010 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01110000 01101001 01101110 01001101 1101111 01100100 01100101 00101000 01111000 01010000 01101001 01101110 00101100 00100000 01001001 01001110 01010000 1010101 01010100 00101001 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01110000 01101001 01101110 01001101 01101111 1100100 01100101 00101000 01111001 01010000 01101001 01101110 00101100 00100000 01001001 01001110 01010000 01010101 1010100 00101001 00111011 00001101 00001010 01111101 00001101 00001010 00001101 00001010 01110110 01101111 01101001 1100100 00100000 01101100 01101111 01101111 01110000 00101000 00101001 00100000 01111011 00001101 00001010 00001101 0001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 01111000 01010110 01100001 01101100 01110101 01100101 1110011 01011011 00110001 00110000 00110001 01011101 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 1110100 00100000 01111001 01010110 01100001 01101100 01110101 01100101 01110011 01011011 00110001 00110000 00110001 1011101 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 01100011 01101111 01110101 1101110 01110100 01100101 01110010 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 1110000 01101111 01110011 01011000 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 1110000 01101111 01110011 01011001 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 1110110 01100101 01101100 01011000 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 0100000 01110110 01100101 01101100 01011001 00111011 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01101001 01101110 1110100 00100000 01110100 00111011 gies, create art, envision a new world, express ideas, share their 1100011 01101111 01101110 01110011 01110100 00100000 thoughts and solve problems ranging from finding the best 1101001 01101110 01110100 00100000 01111000 01010000 This idea of learning perseverance pizza nearby to saving someone’s life,” student curiosity is 1101001 01101110 00100000 00111101 00100000 00110010 immediately piqued and an eagerness to learn arises. The girls and the value01100011 of failure through coding is 0111011 00001101 00001010 01101111 01101110 recognize the breadth of possibilities afforded them by this new 1110011 01110100 00100000 01101001 01101110 01110100 an essential takeaway for today’s girls and skill. They also discover pretty quickly that coding is a lot more 0100000 01111001 01010000 01101001 01101110 00100000 is one of the ways Harpeth Hall is setting fun than they thought it would be. As 8th grader Sophie Keeble 0111101 00100000 00110011 00111011 00001101 00001010 affirms, “Over the four years I have attended Harpeth Hall, its students up for future01100100 success.

0001101 00001010 01110110 01101111 01101001 [Coding] is one of the classes I have been most excited about! I 0100000 01110011 01100101 01110100 01110101 01110000 — STEPHANIE ZEIGER, MS SCIENCE TEACHER am enjoying coding class because I get to learn new things, be 0101000 00101001 00100000 01111011 00001101 00001010 creative with my programs, and there seems to be no limitations 0100000 00100000 01010011 01100101 01110010 01101001 01100001 on what I can learn and discover.”

1101100 high school will feel comfortable signing up for it in college, having Upper school faculty member Jennifer Webster agrees. She 0101110 seen the joy and excitement that their friends have had while taking sees the excitement that the new middle school Coding class 1100010 it at Harpeth Hall.” and the upper school Advanced Placement (AP) Computer 1100101 Science classes are generating for students as well as the intel1100111 lectual capital afforded to them. “The girls who have had some 1101001 basic coding experience have a deeper understanding of using 1101110 variables, loops and conditional statements in their programs… he girls are already way ahead of the rest of us, who may still be 0101000 I also think that the girls who do not have room in their own wondering: What exactly is coding and how does it serve our 0111001 schedules to take Advanced Placement Computer Science in students? Simply put, coding is generating a language that a 0110110 0110000 20 HALLWAYS 0110000 00101001 00111011 00001101 00001010 00001101 00001010 00100000 00100000 01110000 01101001 01101110 01001101

“

CODING INTERDISCIPLINARITY

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FEATURE CODING

girls understand coding is interdisciplinary. We’re giving the girls skills that they can then take back to their other classes, equipped with more options for how to complete projects.”

THINK CRITICALLY

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computer can understand, and it helps us create software, websites, apps, games, machines and all sorts of things not yet invented. middle school Science Department Chair Becky Smith likens coding to reading. She sees it as a fundamental skill that, once learned, can be applied expansively—and certainly across all disciplines. Understanding that coding is interdisciplinary is and has been a priority. This is why the faculty teaching coding in the middle school hail from various disciplines, including History and English. As Dr. Zeiger says, “We want to make sure that the

ot only is coding itself valuable across disciplines but so, too, is the computational thinking it fosters. When learning to code, students experiment with various problem-solving strategies, from decomposition to writing algorithms. Finding themselves stuck, they have the resources to go back and approach the problem in a different way. As Sophie Keeble explains it, “You need to be committed and focused to finding a solution because there is a lot that goes into debugging the program so that it works consistently.” Her 8th grade classmate, Kaitlyn Saidy, agrees: “Before I even start putting things on my workspace, I always take at least 2-3 seconds to ask myself, ‘What is wrong with this program and how can I make it better?’

With all the thinking involved and the trial and error, it can be frustrating sometimes…but in the end, that’s coding.”

This idea of learning perseverance and the value of failure through coding is an essential takeaway for today’s girls and one of the ways Harpeth Hall is setting its students up for future success. Dr. Zeiger, who as a nuclear/biomedical engineer frequently had to code prior SPRING 2017

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FEATURE CODING to becoming a full-time teacher, credits coding with her ability to recognize failure as a step toward empowerment. “Things weren’t working and all kinds of failure happened, and then you were able to step back and figure it out. It gives you this sense of, ‘Yes, I can do this,’ which I’ve seen happen a lot in our coding classes.”

“It’s important that we’re showing the girls that we encounter problems and get stuck in pretty much all facets of life,” she adds.

“Using these strategies helps you to persevere and gain a new perspective, which is sometimes what you need to solve the problem ultimately.” In this way, coding is a tangible way that Harpeth Hall students are learning both to lead confidently and to think critically.

BETTER TOGETHER

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nother essential aspect of coding is the imperative of collaboration.

We tend to view computer programmers as lone wolves, toiling away in isolation, but in fact the opposite is true. People are expected to be able to work in programming teams, and this is something that girls at Harpeth Hall experience all the time. In the upper school, students in Advanced Placement Physics II are working together to use the programming language VPython to create a 2D simulation of a proton’s path in a cyclotron. The Robotics Team in

the middle school, which routinely collaborates on intensive timed challenges, not only qualified for the State tournament this year but won a first place award in Core Values for their outstanding ability to work as a team. In this way, Harpeth Hall students are developing a rare but essential combination of technical and social knowledge.

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CODING: KEY TO SUCCESS

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s an all-girls school, Harpeth Hall is uniquely positioned to liberate students from a computer science genderization that might otherwise limit them.

According to a study by the National Girls Collaborative Project, women make up half of the total U.S. college-educated workforce, but only 29% of the science and engineering workforce.

Lost is the fact that women were some of the first programmers.

At the outset of World War II, women were recruited by the U.S. military to be “computers” in charge of calculating ballistics, a little known part of history that was elucidated in the 2010 documentary “Top Secret Rosies: The Female Computers of WWII.” More recently, two of the 2016 Presidential Medal of Freedom awards were given to female coders: Margaret H. Hamilton who was an Apollo software engineer and Grace Hopper who was at the forefront of computer programming for four decades beginning in the 1940s. And yet, the number of female computer science graduates has dropped from 37% in 1984 to just 18% today. The non-profit organization Girls Who Code is working to close the gender gap in technology. So is Harpeth Hall.

As alumna Cynthia Price ’91, VP of Marketing at local tech giant Emma, confirms: “Harpeth Hall is in a unique position to help close a pretty extreme gender gap in engineering and development careers by giving girls early access to these skills.” She also confirms the importance of teaching coding as a skill in itself. “I think it’s as important for young people to have a foundational understanding of coding as it was for us to learn typing. Whether they go on to use it or not, it’s important to understand how the technology we’re so

FEATURE CODING immersed in is working even at a very basic level.

And then for those who do want to go into engineering or development, those career options can be incredibly fulfilling and lucrative and those roles sit at the heart of some of the most interesting and innovative companies.”

The students themselves see this need. Our cover artist, sophomore Caroline Spindel, articulates it this way: “We teach programming not because we can walk off after an hour of Scratch and create the next Facebook, but to learn vital logic, computer, and problem-solving skills that will serve us in the future. Coding is the future not just because it’s cool, but because in an automated, fast-paced world, it is necessary.

It is a tool that should be taken advantage of. It is an opportunity to grow and learn and invest in yourself. Most importantly, the only limit to what you code is your imagination, which makes the modern programmer an artist in her own way.”

Senior Grace Ann Robertson agrees. “Coding and computer science are first and foremost incredibly important skills for everyone to have in today’s technological society. Most new jobs include at least some aspect of coding and working with computers, so I have no doubt that this language I am learning will help me later in life.” Compellingly, she adds, “Coding is also a great boost of confidence for me. This type of problem solving and working my brain in ways that it does not work anywhere else in school or otherwise is making me a more creative and confident woman.

I know now that I can solve any problem, and I am less likely to give up on something if I cannot figure it out right away. Coding has taught me to persevere and be strong, and learning to code honestly brings me joy.”

Congratulations to Harpeth Hall’s Middle School Robotics Team for winning the first place Programming Award in February at the FIRST LEGO League East Tennessee Championship Tournament. Special thanks to middle school science teachers Becky Smith and Stephanie Zieger for leading the team.

You don’t need to know code to unlock the power in that message.

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Qand A

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