Capstone Studio Design Portfolio

Mirrored Movements Design Book Tutor: Mano Ponnambalam BAEN3002 Design Integration Lab: Capstone Design Book

November 2021 Harry Wiraputra (490071685) 1

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Introduction In designing a Sydney Oral History Library, the urban architecture approach relies heavily on the site’s surrounding landscape.

With consideration to the brief’s subterranean site of the abandoned tunnels of St. James station, Mirrored Movements tackles the complexity of the tunnels by utilising the natural circulation above ground.

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Table of Contents 00

Introduction

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Research

Precedent Studies

Historical Context of St. James Station

Site Analysis of Hyde Park

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Design

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Floor Plans Circulation Diagram Exploded Axonometric Sections External Render Internal Renders

Image List

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Sydney City Circle

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Research The research stage involves precedent studies, the historical context of St. James station, and the site analysis of Hyde Park and its surroundings.

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Passenger Cruise Terminal

Communal Stairs Multifunctional roof that shapes the organic interior and become a place of gathering

Solids and Voids Geometrical play with solids and voids through the addition and subtraction of its roof

Figure 1. Gushang Culture, Cruise Terminal, 2021. ArchDaily. https://www. archdaily.com/961945/cruise-terminal-hexia-architects

Completed: Architect: Location: 8

2021 Hexia Architects Jiaxing, China

Community Placing of stairs promote communal activities

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The Grande Louvre

Geometries The use of geometries to dictate the space both above and under ground

Threshold Space Acts as a threshold but is also a prominent feature when looking at the Louvre as a whole

Figure 2. Koji Horiuchi, I.M. Grande Louvre - Phase 1, 2016. American Institute of Architects. https://www.archdaily.com/801667/im-peis-le-grande-louvrewins-aia-25-year-award

Completed: Architect: Location: Design Book

1989 (After Expansion) I.M. Pei Paris, France

Connectivity Its function as a central hub that connects all the exhibition spaces 9

Railway Tunnels

Sydney Opera House Millers Point Circular Quay

Existing City Circl

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Royal Botanic Gardens Potts Point

St. James Station

Woolloomooloo

Darling Harbour

Planned Eastern Suburbs Line by John Bradfield

Central Station

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Historical Context of St. James Station

1924 1915 City and Suburban Electric Railways Act of New South Wales allowed construction on the underground railway.

Construction of the St. James station continued south for the eastern suburbs line by John Bradfield

1939

1995

Tunnels converted to be utilized as bomb shelters in early WWII stages

Tunnels now live on as a landmark in Sydney’s history

1906 Central Station opened as an alternative proposal to the original masterplan scheme developed by Edward Miller Gard Eddy.

1926 1922

Left to Right: Figure 3 to 9

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First train at the new St James Station with Dr Bradfield and James Fraser onboard.

Progress of the station construction saw great disruption to Hyde Park due to the manual labour

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Built Form of St. James Station

St. James Massing Volumetric studies of the existing station 12

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Site Analysis of Hyde Park

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St. James Station

Traffic and Circulation

The abandoned St. James railway tunnels pose numerous limitations due to its underground location

The intersection between Park St and Elizabeth St creates a spatial dialogue regarding Hyde Park’s circulation

Hyde Park

Entrance Location

Although split by Park St, Hyde Park is connected through the central footpath

With proper circulation pathways and its overlap with the tunnels, this intersection is the most optimised entrance location 13

Programme Classification

Auditorium

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Permanent Exhibition Object Storage

200 200

Temporary Exhibition 150 Library and Listening Spaces 150 Offices 50 50 Reception Lockers 50 Story telling indoor Story telling outdoor

Group Recording Studio Interview Recording Studio

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Storage and support

Audio-visual Exhibition

Visual Exhibition

Mechanical Space Office kitchen Restroom

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Deconstructing the Brief Initial studies of the abandoned tunnels reveal the spatial resemblance between the different widths of the tunnel to the program requirements of the museum. This prompts the brief to be deconstructed into five programmatic classification.

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Schematic Design

Threshold The proposed schematic design begins with utilising the Sandringham Garden located just above Park St. Its prime location where it overlaps the abandoned tunnels and its close proximity to the main Hyde Park pathway would be suitable for an entry point to the museum.

This would lead visitors to a newly proposed threshold that becomes the main circulation for the different programs.

Through this new space, visitors can access all five program classifications.

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Mirrored Movements

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Design The design stage translates the research outcome into a structure that mirrors movements in the Sandringham Gardens and extends this principle underground towards the abandoned tunnels of St. James station.

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Floor Plans

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Legend 1.

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Library and Listening Spaces Reception and Lockers Permanent Exhibition Space Temporary Exhibition Space Reception, Lockers, Restrooms Auditorium Individual Recording Studios

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Group Recording Studio Office and Office Kitchen Storage Rear Entrance Indoor Story-telling Spaces Main Entrance Active St. James Tunnels Design Book

Circulation Diagram

Legend A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Design Book

Library and Listening Spaces Permanent Exhibition Space Temporary Exhibition Space Auditorium Individual Recording Studios Offices Indoor Story-telling Spaces Storage 19

Exploded Axonometric

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A. Vinyl Flooring 20

B. Carpet Flooring

C. Structural CHS

D. Tempered Glass

E. Corten Steel

F. Burnished Concrete

G. Reinforced H. Plywood Concrete Design Book

Sections

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Circling the Sandringham Gardens

Due to the site’s location at the abandoned tunnels of St. James Station, the research stage heavily focused on Hyde Park’s landscape to determine the entry of the Sydney Oral History Library.

There were three key determining factors; the location of St. James station, traffic and circulation, and the connectivity of Hyde Park despite being separated by Park St. This analysis resulted in the decision to utilise Sandringham Gardens as its entry point due to its location at an intersection point of circulation that would benefit it as a public space.

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Existing Pavilion

The existing timber and sandstone pavilion prompts its visitors to relax under the shade and lead them towards the entry.

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Entrance Structure

A similar principle taken from the pavilion is translated to the entrance structure that provides a sense of permeability through its glazings.

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Circulation Ramp

Circular Movement To further reiterate the circular movement from the entrance to the library, this circulation ramp connects the Sandringham Garden to the abandoned tunnels of St. James.

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Connected Programmes

Permanent Exhibition Space

Storage

Circular Movement As the visitors descend down while viewing artworks, they will be given a choice to continue this art journey by going to the permanent exhibition space half way or follow through to view the storage spaces that take advantage of the linear tunnels.

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Auditorium

1:50 Section Materials (top to bottom): Carpet flooring Carpet adhesive 70/140 mm plywood (narrow edges biscuit joined) 300 mm EPS Air cavity Dimpled plastic sheet membrane (air tight and gas tight) Existing concrete slab Damp ground

The auditorium takes advantage of the large space from the intersecting arches.

Suspended acoustic panels, soft furniture, and carpet flooring fulfills the audio requirements of an auditorium.

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Library

1:50 Section Materials (top to bottom): Damp ground Concrete slab Structural Soffit 27/57 mm angle cleats with slotted bolt fixings to provide levelling adjustment 15/45 RHS 80/26 pressed ceiling section 60/240 mm timber acoustic panels

The spatial organisation of the library mimics the circular geometry of Sandringham Gardens.

The timber acoustic panels and carpet flooring help create a quiet and calm space.

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Image List Figure 1. Gushang Culture, Cruise Terminal, 2021. ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/961945/cruise-terminal-hexia-architects Figure 2. Koji Horiuchi, I.M. Grande Louvre - Phase 1, 2016. American Institute of Architects. https://www.archdaily.com/801667/im-peis-le-grande-louvre-wins-aia-25-yearaward Figure 3. New South Wales Government State Archives and Records, Sydney Central Railway Station Opened, 1906. New South Wales Government. https://www.records.nsw.gov. au/archives/magazine/onthisday/4-august-1906 Figure 4. Australian Railway Historical Society, Bucyrus Steam-powered Dragline Excavator, 1923. In Sydney City’s Forgotten City Railways (Redfern: Australian Railway Historical Society, 2012) Figure 5. Australian Railway Historical Society, Bulk Excavation in Hyde Park, 1922. In Sydney City’s Forgotten City Railways (Redfern: Australian Railway Historical Society, 2012) Figure 6. Lisa Murray, St. James Tunnels, 1942. Dictionary of Sydney. https://home.dictionaryofsydney.org/st-james-tunnels/ Figure 7. New South Wales Government State Archives and Records, Central Railway Station: Through the Lens, 1906. New South Wales Government. https://www.records.nsw. gov.au/archives/magazine/galleries/central-railway-station Figure 8. Sun Herald, Policeman Guards the Entrance to the Air Raid Shelter, 1941. In Sydney City’s Forgotten City Railways (Redfern: Australian Railway Historical Society, 2012) Figure 9. John Oakes, Tunnel Tourist, 1996. In Sydney City’s Forgotten City Railways (Redfern: Australian Railway Historical Society, 2012)

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