Sustainable Tourism in Barcelona

10-11

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, Marta MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez

Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

0 Emission Context: The area within Ciudad Vella and San Marti includes a large cariety of contrasting characteristics. El Raval and Ciutad Vella including Barceloneta with its beaches are areas of high touristic relevance in comparision to Poblenou which only now is starting to be reanimated and changed from a simply abbandoned industrial part of the city to a new technological and residential attractor.

In order to evaluate our strategy and method of analysis we decided to base the first stage analysis on a sample area consisting of part of El Raval, El Bari Gotic, Sant Pere, Santa Caterina and La Ribera. barrios 1_17_18

This area can be considered as the historic city center with the highest density of touristic sights. It is an area in which touristis move mainly on foot or using the public or touristic bus system. Hotels, Museums and Bars area weaved into a dense urban fabric in which the tourist can move freely an interact with the city context.

museums

Hotels

restaurants

sample area for concept mapping

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Tourism as the linking element between multiple sectors

FIELDS OF ANALYSIS: Tourist Density (tourists/m) Detailed empiric count of tourists at several points of streets in the defined area; measuring point were define accorrding to constant density, so a new measurement would be made whenever a visible change in tourist density would occur.

Hotels - peak number of guest (tourists/day) Hotels were evaluated by number of rooms resulting in a max. number of potential guests Restaurants - max. surface combined with density of tourists in the surrounding streets (surface of restaurant x tourists/m) The surface of a restaurant apart from its quality (not taken into account) is considered in combination with its location in order to be able to weight the attractivity of a restaurant.

Museums - number of visitors (tourist/day) Museums are evaluated based on the average of visitors per day.

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

MUSEUMS

HOTELS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Hotel Principal Barcelona Hotel Barcelo Raval Hotel Hostal Manu Hotel Hostal Ramos Hotel San Augusti Hotel Hesperia Ramblas Hotel Hotel Barbara Hotel Pension San Ramon Hotel Gaudio Hotel Peninsular Hotel Espagna Ramblas

12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

Hotel International Cool Hotel Husa Oriente Hotel Pension Cordobesa Hotel Curious Hotel La Palmer Hotel Eurostars La Rambla Hotel Atlas Hotel Ingles Hotel Condal Hotel Dali Hotel Flor Parks Hotel Hostal Sun and Mon Hotel Hostal Fernando Hotel California Hotel Pension Villa Nueva Hotel Gargallo Rialto Hotel Catalonia Avignon Hotel Roma Reial Hotel Comercio Hotel Neri Hotel Rey Don Jaimi Hotel Gotico Hotel Suizo Hotel No Name 1 Hotel H10 Moncada Hotel Gran Central Hotel Equity Point Hotel No Name 2 Hotel Ciutat de Barcelona

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Density Number of Rooms 112 186 7 32 80 70 58 34 73 80 50

Energy KWHS/day 17920 29760 1120 5120 12800 11200 9218 5440 11680 12800 8000

59 160 8 20 26 30 23 29 67 57 26 200 38 38 42 7 207 83 52 7 22 38 81 60 62 79 157 65 43 78

9440 16000 1280 3200 4680 4800 3680 4640 19800 1920 4160 10000 6080 6080 6720 1120 33120 13280 8320 1120 3520 6080 12960 9600 9920 14220 25120 10400 6080 12480

To Calculate the Energy Consumption for the Hotels, it was applied the formula : Number of Rooms x (2 -estimated double rooms-) x 80 KWHS/day (estimated for the

Open Hours

Museu de l’Erotica Museu del Calçat Museu Frederic Mares Museu de la Catedral de Barcelona Museu Diocesa

(10am-8pm) (11am-2pm) (10am-7pm) (10am-1pm/ 4pm-6:30pm) (10am-2pm/ 5pm-8pm) (10am-8pm)

Museu de la Ciudad de Barcelona Museu Odontologic

Museu de la Magia

Museu Disenny Hub Museu Barbier Muller Museu del Mamut

(8am-3pm/ 4pm-6pm) (11am-2pm/ 5pm-8pm) (10am-6pm) (11am-7pm) (10am-9pm)

Museu Picasso

(10am-8pm)

Area Square Meters 476 166 1,110 6,200

Density visitors/day 50 20 160 400

Energy KWHS/day 1605 168 3368 11495

552

60

1303

4,500

550

15170

858

60

2025

463

40

937

478 978 212

50 80 50

1289 2638 786

11,500

1,900

38770

To Calculate the Energy Consumption for the Museum it was applied the formula : Area x(KWHS for the museums) x Open Hours.

For the calculations of the KWHS for the museum we took the Indiannapolis Museum (USA) as reference.

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

CONCEPT: The city is percieved as a particle system with the tourist representing the smallest unit. Each particle is emitted at a certain time frame (the tourist leaves the hotel to circulate within the city context) on his way through the city system the particle is drawn towards certain attractors (museums, restaurants) with each different intensity and finally the particle will expire (the tourist decides to go home).

In the system, the tourist density is represented by a number of dots which vary in size in order to simulate varying density to people. This density is acurately represented within a grasshopper definition based on the measured tourist density.

Hotel

Areas of increased density of Museums in combination with restaurants

Areas of increased density of Hotels

Restaurant

All emitters and attractors are represented by a color code ranging from blue (hotels) to red (restaurants) and finally to green (museums).

Areas of mixed influence are represented by a color range in between these colors.

Highest density of Restaurants

Museums

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION Total daily energy consumption for hotels 394878 kwh Total daily energy consumption for restaurants 1617635 kwh Total daily energy consumption for museums 79474 kwh

Reduced Energy Consumption in mainly areas with higher percentage of museums.

Areas of increased energy consumption near biggest hotels.

Highest Energy Consumption

Lowest Energy Consumption

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, Martá Malé, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Coming to another city is like going for a stroll in somebody else’s garden - make Tourism in Barcelona sustainable

ess of sym ciousn bio cons tic

sy

exchange of culture

tio n

co nc ep ts

m ste

rm fo y e on m

hts in of sig e c n a ten ain

mo vem e

nt fr om sigh t to s

ight wi thout emission of CO2

ta - sus

ble ina

rta po s n tra

Concept: The general idea is to generate a system in which the tourist that comes to Barcelona could BE, enjoy the city sights and leave the city behind having at the same time benefited from and contributed to its beauty.

This system would work following the example of the Bee. Bee is taken as a key image for symbiotic relationship of mutual benefit.

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, Martá Malé, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Given the recent revolution in technology, energy is one of the few traditional sectors that have gained in importance as a basic resource required for our society to operate effectively. The degree of quality of life is often related to energy consumption, but the way this consumption has been carried out to date has been detrimental to sustaintability.

Thanks to its compact nature and its type of energy consumption, Barcelona is one of the European Cities of its size with le lowest CO2 emission per capi-ta.

0 EMISSION PROPOSAL In our proposal we have endeavoured to establish another kind of model, applying sustainable urban development by integrating the functionality of environmental infrastructures (Hotels) with main attractors (Main Sights) for the city. This means that we propose the Re-location and construction of Hotels in strategic blocks so they will have the same distance towards every attraction around.

This proposal is designed to promote walking and ciclying as mobility mode and to reduce the use of vehicular transportation by the tourist who visit the city. At the same time It’s expected that by using this mobility mode and introducing tech-nological improvements in the walk-sides, it will generate some energy that could be reused at some point in the city.

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Tech-nological Improvements Electricity generating Rental Bikes It’s a system designed by designer Chiyu Chen that would allow to save energy by using the cycling mode of transportation and at the same time the generation of credits that can be use in other ways in the future.

When the bike are used, they would generate electricity that is then stored in the bike until the bike is returned to its station. After it’s returned, plugged in and locked up, the energy credits accumulated are added on the user’s personal ID car. The bike depot is hooked up to the city smart’s grid and the bike-generated eco-friendly electricity is stored for future use.

Paving Slab The paving slab moves 5mm under each footsteps and converts the kinetic energy to electricity that is stored within the slab.

The flexible paving slabs absorb the energy created by pedestrians and turn it into electricity that can be used to power lights, computers, ticket machines, etc...

MAA 10-11

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

hotels are very close to areas with high tourist densities ( sights); doubled concentration of tourists

attractors ( main sights )

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

hotels are relocated in order to deconcentrate tourist densities;

attractors ( main sights )

571.2006

2772.5022

1255.6884

2718.8470

679.5670

1746.9189

768.6954

1570.8342

240.0072

270.2140

645.0811

1102.6852

109.1833

1800.7681

existing hotels ( groups of small units based max. proximity to sights) new network for hotels ( based on equal average proximity from hotel to surrounding main sights)

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

MAA

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

10-11

overlap of networks of sights and new super hotels inbetween;

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

identification of new hotels in city context;

attractors ( main sights )

571.1945

2772.5023

1255.6884

2718.8470

2718.8470

679.5670

1746.9189

768.6954

1570.9003

240.0072

270.1863

747.3912

888.7418

888.7418

724.2904

645.0816

724.2899

666.4909

666.4909

1102.6852

123.4196

890.4562

676.4418

497.9350

259.0821

732.9644

109.1869

109.1586

163.7072

1355.7184 1154.5703

185.7805

425.8179

187.1653

937.0583

886.0767

565.8572

441.3106

1800.7681

264.8934

252.1075

424.3798

2324.6331

545.2365

486.6521

new location od super hotel blocks in a cetral position between sights

existing big hotel takes place of super hotel

886.0767

MAA 10-11

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

touristic density diagram for current main touristic area

low density area

high density area

from this density diagram we can deduce the current main touristic roads together in order to compare them with potential new touristic area which may evolve as an effect of the new super hotels.

MAA 10-11

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

existing main tourism roads

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

growing network of possible new touristic roads due to new hotel locations; energetic roads;

2718.8470

current main roads current secondary roads 888.7418

724.2899

long distance energetic roads for introduction of tourist bicing; ( energy generation network) roads of increasing importance after introduction of new super hotels

2718.8470

888.7418

724.2899

666.4909

666.4909

109.1586

109.1586

886.0767

886.0767

short distance energetic roads for sight guidance system; ( energy generation network )

MAA 10-11

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, Martá Malé, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Quantity analysis for the additional hotel zones Barcelona currently has 550 hotels and receives approximately 14,5 million tourists per year. According to the research we’ve done in the first phase of the studio each hotel has approximately 65 beds, so we have approximately 36.000 beds at disposition.

Assuming that in peak times at least 30% of tourists stay at a friend’s house we reach the conclusion that we need beds for approximately 10 million tourists (0,7 x 14,5) per year.

In addition assuming that each tourist stays in Barcelona for approximately 2,5 days there are enough beds for approximately 5,3 million tourists (36.000x365/2,5) per year.

Therefore, we may conclude that in order to allow all these tourists to stay in hotels we would need roughly the double amount of hotels we currently have!

An average hotel room including a certain percentage for its services may has around 26 m²; a room has 2 beds; which means that we need a total surface of additional 416.000 m² of hotels (32.000/2 x 26 m²).

Taking for granted that the average block size in the Barri Gotic is approx. 3.000 m² and having decided that the hotels should at the same time have the function of a landmark being higher than the surrounding buildings (approximately 12 or more floors) we reach to the conclusion that we need approximately the surface of 12 blocks in Tower Hotels (416000m²/12/3.000m²).

But this would be for the whole city.

For the area we are working we need the 25% which equals to a surface of 9 Tower hotels of an average of 12 floors.

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Animation Steps : ENERGETIC ROADS

Attractors (Main Sights) Indicators (Density)

New Hotels

Indicators (Density)

Attractors (Main Sights)

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

La Rambla

Technological Improvements Cycling Routes

Energy Generating Device on the floor.

Walking Routes

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

La Barceloneta

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

La Ciutad Vella

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

MAA 10-11

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, MartĂĄ MalĂŠ, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

Introductory Design Studio_Barcelona 0 Emissions

10-11

Team: Vicente Guallart, Willy Muller, Martá Malé, Lluis Viu, Jordi Pages, Areti Markopoulou, Tomas Diez Model Advisor: Marco Galofaro

Neighborhood: Ciutad Vella and Sant Marti Students: Julian Hildebrand, Antigoni Anastasopoulou, Gamze Gunduz, Harshad Sutar and Ma. Laura Molina

CONCLUSION 0 EMISSION PROPOSAL A new hierarchy of super hotels is supposed to allow the achievement of more levelled touristic densities by separating the cities main touristic emitters (hotels) from the main attractors (sights). New touristic centers will be created in-between the main sights and in consequence this allows to influence where new touristic main roads will grow over time and to use this knowledge to combine alternative ways of generating energy from movement.

The main roads transform like this in so called “energetic roads” on which the energetic and cultural exchange between tourism and the city can happen.

The plan is to integrate new technology systems (Electricity generating Rental Bikes and Paving Slaps) in the roads in order to produce energy by walking or cycling from the New Hotels to the Attractors (Main Sight); this energy should be transformed into credits for the tourists to accumulate and use in benefits for them.

To reinforce the thought of sustainability, we also propose some changes in the design of the relocated New Hotels, making them eco-friendly by applying elements as Wind Turbine and Pv Panels.

The Hotels should be able to provide the bicings for the visitors that use its facilities, so we propose the integration of a bicing stations in each hotel and also the marked routes which the tourist should follow in order to get to the main sight.