تقنيات انتاج الخضراوات البيولوجية

‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت إﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻀﺮوات اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫إﻋﺪاد و ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﺎم اﻟﻨﺎﺑﻠﻲ ‪ -‬رﺋﻴﺲ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺔ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻹﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺨﻀﺮوات اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ )اﻟﻔﺘﺮة اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ(‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺑﺬور و ﻣﺸﺎﺗﻞ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺗﺪاول زراﻋﻲ‬ ‫‪ 9‬اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻀﻮي ﻟﻸرض‬ ‫‪ 9‬اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﻄﻔﻴﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ )اﻟﻔﺘﺮة اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ(‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺳﻨﺘﻴﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺒﺬر ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﻨﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت أن ﻳﻘﺮر ﺗﻤﺪﻳﺪ أو ﺗﺨﻔﻴﺾ اﻟﻔﺘﺮة‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻟﻸراﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬور و اﻟﻤﺸﺎﺗﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ 9‬إﻧﺘﺎج ﺑﺬور ﺣﺴﺐ ﻧﻤﻂ اﻟﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﺧﻼل ﺟﻴﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﻞ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬور و اﻟﻤﺸﺎﺗﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﺬور ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺼﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﻓﻖ اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪ ،‬و ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻮرة ﺗﻮﻓﺮ اﻟﺸﺮوط اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫ إﺛﺒﺎت ﻋﺪم اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺴﻮق اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ ﻣﻼﺋﻢ ﻟﻠﻨﻮع اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ ﻟﻢ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ اﻟﺒﺬور و اﻟﺸﺘﻼت ﺑﻤﻮاد ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺒﺖ ﺧﺎص ﻹﻧﺘﺎج ﻣﺸﺎﺗﻞ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ % 70‬ﺗﻮرﺑﺔ ‪ % 30 +‬آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫ﻗﺮار ﻣﻦ وزﻳﺮ اﻟﻔﻼﺣﺔ و اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻣﺆرخ ﻓﻲ ‪ 25‬ﻧﻮﻓﻤﺒﺮ ‪ : 2008‬اﻟﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﺘﺮة‬ ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺧﺺ ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﺬور و ﻣﻮاد اﻹآﺜﺎر اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﻲ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﻓﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ ﺑﺜﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺳﻨﻮات ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ 31‬دﻳﺴﻤﺒﺮ ‪. 2007‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻀﺮوات‬ ‫ﻓﻲ إﻃﺎر إﺗﻔﺎﻗﻴﺔ ﺗﻌﺎون ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﻬﻨﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻀﺮ و ﻓﻲ ﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺻﻴﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺻﻨﺎف اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﻊ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻤﺤﻄﺔ ﺻﻔﺎﻗﺲ ﺧﻼل ‪ 4‬ﺳﻨﻮات‬ ‫)‪ (2009-2006‬ﺗﻬﺪف إﻟﻰ اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت‬ ‫إﻧﺘﺎج ﺑﺬور ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴــﺔ ﻟﻐــﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﺸﺠﻴــﻊ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠـﻴﻦ‬ ‫و اﻟﻤﺘﺪﺧﻠﻴﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻀﺮوات‬

‫‪ 9‬ﺻﻨﻔﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻠﻔﻞ )ﺑﻘﻠﻮﻃﻲ و ﺑﻠﺪي(‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺻﻨﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﻻع )ﺟﻴﺰة(‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺻﻨﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻘﻮس )ﻣﺤﻠﻲ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺻﻨﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻮل )ﻣﺤﻠﻲ(‪،‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺻﻨﻒ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻄﻴﺦ )ﻣﻌﺰون(‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﺠﻴﻨﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻀﺮوات‬

‫و ﺳﻮف ﺗﺘﻮاﺻﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻨﺴﻴﻖ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺒﻨﻚ اﻟﻮﻃﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﺠﻴﻨﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﻤﻞ أﺻﻨﺎف أﺧﺮى ﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻀﺮاوت ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﺮار ﺟﺰر رﺟﻴﺶ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻓﻠﻔﻞ ﺣﻠﻮ ﻃﺒﻠﺒﺔ إﻟﺦ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬور و اﻟﻤﺸﺎﺗﻞ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ 9‬ﺑﻌﺚ ﺑﻨﻚ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻟﻠﺒﺬور اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫اﻷﺻﻨﺎف اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻮﻧﺲ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‬

‫أهﺪاف اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ )اﻟﺤﺸﺮات‪ ،‬اﻟﺪﻳﺪان و اﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ(‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺧﺼﻮﺑﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ و إﺛﺮاﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻤﺪى‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫زراﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﺪة اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‬ ‫أﺳﻤﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺔ و ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺪاول اﻟﺰراﻋﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻀﻮي‬

‫اﻹﺳﺘﺮاﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻓﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺪ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎت اﻟﺨﺼﻮﺻﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ‬ ‫© اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﻲ ﻳﺮﺗﻜ ﺰ ﻋﻠ ﻰ اﺳﺘﻌﻤـ ـﺎل اﻟﻤ ﻮاد اﻟﻌ ﻀﻮﻳـــﺔ‬ ‫و إﻋﺎدة رﺳﻜﻠﺔ آﻞ ﻓﻮاﺿﻞ اﻟﻤﺰرﻋﺔ ﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫© ﺗ ﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳ ﺔ ﻳﺮﺗﻜ ﺰ ﻋﻠ ﻰ اﺳ ﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻷﺳ ﻤﺪة اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧ ّﻴ ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ و اﻷﺳﻤﺪة اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳّﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﻳﺔ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻠﻴّﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬ ‫)اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﻲ(‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺒﺎر اﻟﺤﻴﻮاﻧﻲ ‪ 40 – 30 :‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ(‬ ‫‪ 80 – 60‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻤﻴﺔ(‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﻐﺒﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻴﻮاﻧﻲ‬

‫آﻤﻴّﺔ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ )آﻠﻎ‪/‬ﻃﻦ(‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﻴﺰﻳﻮم‬

‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫)‪(S‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﻮر‬ ‫)‪(B‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس‬ ‫)‪(Cu‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﻘﻨﺎز‬ ‫)‪(Mn‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﻮﻃﺎﺳﻴﻮم‬

‫اﻟﻜﻠﺴﻴﻮم‬ ‫)‪(Ca‬‬

‫اﻵزوط‬ ‫)‪(N‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﺴﻔﻮر‬ ‫)‪(P‬‬

‫)‪(Mg‬‬

‫)‪(K‬‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪0,05‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1,5-0,5‬‬

‫ﻏﺒﺎر أﺑﻘﺎر‬

‫‪6,5-3,5‬‬

‫‪5,5-1‬‬

‫‪7-5‬‬

‫‪7-5‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻏﺒﺎر أﻋﻨﺎم‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪8‬‬

‫‪10‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻏﺒﺎر اﻟﺨﻴﻮل‬

‫‪8-6‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫‪9-7‬‬

‫‪6‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻏﺒﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ‬

‫‪22-15‬‬

‫‪20-17‬‬

‫‪20-10‬‬

‫‪18-12‬‬

‫‪3,5-2‬‬

‫‪5‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ )اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻘﺎﻋﻲ(‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ )اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ( ‪ 24 :‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ(‬ ‫‪ 48‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻤﻴﺔ(‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫آﻤﻴّﺔ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات )‪(%‬‬

‫اﻵزوط )‪(N‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 1,82‬إﻟﻰ ‪3,05‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﺴﻔﻮر )‪(P‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,30‬إﻟﻰ ‪2,30‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﻮﻃﺎﺳﻴﻮم )‪(K‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,25‬إﻟﻰ ‪2,10‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﻴﺰﻳﻮم )‪(Mg‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,27‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,32‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻮدﻳﻮم )‪(Na‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,30‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,50‬‬

‫اﻟﻜﻠﺴﻴﻮم )‪(Ca‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 1,26‬إﻟﻰ ‪1,48‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ )‪(Fe‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,039‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,75‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﻘﻨﺎز )‪(Mn‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,006‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,026‬‬

‫اﻟﺰﻳﻨﻚ )‪(Zn‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,012‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,022‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس )‪(Cu‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,031‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,071‬‬

‫أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫) ‪(%‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت‬

‫ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت‬ ‫أﺑﻘﺎر‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬

‫ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت‬ ‫أﻏﻨﺎم‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬

‫ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﻴﻮل‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬

‫ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت‬ ‫دﺟﺎج‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬

‫ﻓﻴﺘﻮرة‬ ‫زﻳﺘﻮن‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬

‫آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪1‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪15‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪70‬‬

‫آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪2‬‬

‫‪30‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪-‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪50‬‬

‫آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪3‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫‪20‬‬

‫)اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬م ف ف ب ‪(2005‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺪل ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎت ﺑﻌﺾ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ )آﻠﻎ‪/‬ﻃﻦ(‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت‬

‫اﻵزوط‬ ‫)‪(N‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﻮﺳﻔﻮر‬ ‫)‪(P‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﻮﻃﺎس‬ ‫)‪(K‬‬

‫آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪1‬‬

‫‪24.6‬‬

‫‪4.1‬‬

‫‪6.4‬‬

‫آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪2‬‬

‫‪30.5‬‬

‫‪4.1‬‬

‫‪6.6‬‬

‫آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪3‬‬

‫‪19.3‬‬

‫‪4.2‬‬

‫‪6.2‬‬

‫)اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‪ :‬ﻣﺮاد ‪(2006‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺼﻴﺤﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ن ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺎت اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻐﺬﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﺗﺴﺎوي‬ ‫¾ إّ‬ ‫ﺣﻮاﻟﻲ ‪ 4‬أو ‪ 5‬ﻣﺮات ﻣﺜﻴﻼﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺒﺎر اﻟﻌﺎدي ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻶزوط و اﻟﻔﺴﻔﻮر‪.‬‬ ‫¾ اﻹﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺖ ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﺔ آﺎﻣﻠﺔ وﺻﺤﻴﺔ ﻟﻨﻤﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫¾ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺑﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ واﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﻮﺑﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬

‫إﻧﺘﺎج ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﺎدة ﻋﻀﻮﻳﺔ ﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ ذات ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻴﺔ و ﺻﺎﻟﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ و ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﺮاض‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺮي ﻗﻄﺮة ﻗﻄﺮة‬ ‫أو اﻟﺮش اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ أوراق اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎت و ذﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻔﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎء‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ إﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﺗﺤﻀﻴﺮ ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪار آﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ ‪ 5 /‬ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻣﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﻂ ﻳﻮﻣﻴﺎ ﻟﻤﺪة ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 5‬و ‪ 7‬أﻳﺎم‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫‪4‬‬

‫‪3‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬

‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻮﺳﺖ‬ ‫ي اﻟﻤﺮآّﺰ )وﺧﺎﺻﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﺮة ﻗﻄﺮة( ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ‪0,5‬‬ ‫‪ 9‬اﻟﺮ ّ‬ ‫و‪ 1‬ﻟﺘﺮ ﻟﻠﻨﺒﺘﺔ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪة ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ وذﻟﻚ ﻣﺮّة ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺒﻮع‪.‬‬ ‫ش ﻋﻠﻰ أوراق اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎت ﺑﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ‪ 30‬و ‪ 50‬ﻟﺘﺮ‬ ‫‪ 9‬اﻟﺮ ّ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻬﻜﺘﺎر )ﻣﻊ ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻔﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎء( ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ وذﻟﻚ ﻣﺮّة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﻷﺳﺒﻮع‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ ﺧﻼل ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ )ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ(‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ 1 – 0,5‬ﻟﺘﺮ ‪ /‬اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ ﺧﻼل ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ )ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ(‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ 1 – 0,5‬ﻟﺘﺮ ‪ /‬اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫آﻤﻴّﺔ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات )‪(%‬‬

‫اﻵزوط )‪(N‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,056‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,095‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﺴﻔﻮر )‪(P‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,12‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,59‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﻮﻃﺎﺳﻴﻮم )‪(K‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,62‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,67‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻮدﻳﻮم )‪(Na‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,22‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,35‬‬

‫اﻟﻜﻠﺴﻴﻮم )‪(Ca‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,18‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,42‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ )‪(Fe‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,075‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,22‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﻘﻨﺎز )‪(Mn‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,0058‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,020‬‬

‫اﻟﺰﻳﻨﻚ )‪(Zn‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,0029‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,042‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺤﺎس )‪(Cu‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ‪ 0,0098‬إﻟﻰ ‪0,057‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ ﺧﻼل ﻧﻤﻮ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ )ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ(‬

‫اﻷﺳﻤﺪة اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫و اﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫)أﺳﻤﺪة ﺗﺠﺎرﻳﺔ(‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫أهﻤﻴﺔ زراﻋﺔ اﻷﺳﻤﺪة اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‬ ‫اﻵزوط )‪ 200 - 20 = (N‬آﻠﻎ‪/‬هﻚ‬ ‫‪ 1‬آﻠﻎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‪/‬م‪= 2‬‬ ‫‪ 40 - 25‬آﻠﻎ ‪/ N‬هﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪة = ‪ 6 – 4‬أﺷﻬﺮ )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ(‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺪة = ‪ 3 – 2‬أﺷﻬﺮ )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺤﻤﻴﺔ(‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﺘﺪاول اﻟﺰراﻋﻲ‬ ‫‪9‬اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﺼﻮﺑﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ و ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻬﺎ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9‬اﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﻣﻦ إﺗﻼف ﻣﺎدة اﻷزوط اﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9‬اﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﺾ ﻓﻲ ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻷﻋﺸﺎب اﻟﻄﻔﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻘﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9‬ﻳﺨﻔﺾ ﻣﻦ اﻵﻓﺎت و اﻷﻣﺮاض‬ ‫)ﺑﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﺪورات اﻟﺤﻴﺎﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﺸﺮات اﻟﻀﺎرة ﻟﻠﺰراﻋﺎت(‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫دراﺳﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺨﻀﺮي و إﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ اﻟﻔﺼﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺴﺒﺎس‬

‫اﻟﺠﻠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻮل اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ‬

‫ﻧﻮﻋﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺮآّﺰ ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ و اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ”‪“molex‬‬ ‫ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺨﻀﺮي و إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ اﻟﻔﺼﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬‫ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﻮآﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺨﻀﺮي ﻟﻠﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ اﻟﻔﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ و ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺒﺴﺒﺎس‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬ ‫)اﻟﻔﻮل(‬

‫اﻟﺠﻠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫ﻋﻠﻮ اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫)ﺻﻢ(‬

‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﻘﺎن‪/‬اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺪل ﻗﻄﺮ‬ ‫اﻷﻏﺼﺎن‬ ‫‪/‬اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ )ﺻﻢ(‬

‫ﻣﻌﺪل اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻮرﻗﻴﺔ‪/‬اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫)ﺻﻢ‪(2‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬

‫‪1.14‬‬

‫‪1222‬‬

‫‪62‬‬

‫‪1.08‬‬

‫‪3.3‬‬

‫اﻟﻐﻄﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻀﺮي‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬ ‫‪62‬‬

‫‪1200‬‬

‫‪Molex‬‬

‫‪58‬‬

‫‪3.3‬‬

‫‪1.11‬‬

‫‪1265‬‬

‫‪58‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪70‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬

‫‪1.14‬‬

‫‪1222‬‬

‫‪70‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬

‫‪1300‬‬

‫‪1.21‬‬

‫‪Molex‬‬

‫‪68‬‬

‫‪3.3‬‬

‫‪1.11‬‬

‫‪1265‬‬

‫‪68‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪58‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬

‫‪1.14‬‬

‫‪1222‬‬

‫‪58‬‬

‫‪3.2‬‬

‫‪1200‬‬

‫‪1.12‬‬

‫‪Molex‬‬

‫‪64‬‬

‫‪3.3‬‬

‫‪1.11‬‬

‫‪1265‬‬

‫‪63‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪65‬‬

‫‪3.0‬‬

‫‪1.14‬‬

‫‪1222‬‬

‫‪65‬‬

‫‪3.3‬‬

‫‪Molex‬‬

‫‪59‬‬

‫‪1.08‬‬ ‫‪3.3‬‬

‫‪1000‬‬ ‫‪1.11‬‬

‫‪1265‬‬

‫‪60‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ اﻟﻔﺼﻠﻴﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ و ﻧﻮﻋﻴﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ )ﺑﻌﺪ ‪ 100‬ﻳﻮم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ(‬

‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬

‫اﻷﺳﻤﺪة اﻟﻤﺮآّﺰة اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺴﺒﺎس‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد‬ ‫اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬

‫اﻟﺠﻠﺒﺎﻧﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪Molex‬‬

‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫)آﻠﻎ‪/‬ﻧﺒﺘﺔ(‬

‫‪0.85‬‬

‫‪0.46‬‬

‫‪0.44‬‬

‫‪0.40‬‬

‫‪0.64‬‬

‫‪0.42‬‬

‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺪرﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬

‫‪5.5‬‬

‫‪7.2‬‬

‫‪5.8‬‬

‫‪5.5‬‬

‫‪6.2‬‬

‫‪6.0‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫دراﺳﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺨﻀﺮي و إﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫اﻟﻄﻤﺎﻃﻢ اﻟﺒﺪرﻳﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺎﻳﻴﺲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻠﻮﺑﻴﺎ اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‬

‫اﻟﺨﺺ‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮع‬

‫اﻟﻔﻮل اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬

‫ﻧﻮﻋﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ اﻟﻤﺮآّﺰ ‪ :‬ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ و اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﺠﺎري ”‪“molex‬‬ ‫ اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻟﺨﻀﺮي و إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﻤﺎﻃﻢ اﻟﺒﺪرﻳﺔ‪.‬‬‫ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﻮآﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ و اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺮوﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﺔ‪.‬‬‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻟﺰراﻋﺔ اﻟﻄﻤﺎﻃﻢ اﻟﺒﺪرﻳﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺖ اﻟﺤﺎﻣﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪد اﻷﻧﻔﺎق‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﺰروﻋﺔ آﻤﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫)م‪(2‬‬ ‫)آﻠﻎ(‬

‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬

‫اﻷﺻﻨﺎف‬

‫ﻣﻮﻋﺪ اﻟﺒﺬر و اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬ ‫و اﻟﺠﻨﻲ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد‬ ‫اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻮل اﻟﻤﺼﺮي‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬر ‪2006/10/26 :‬‬

‫‪200‬‬

‫اﻟﻠﻮﺑﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‬

‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Contender‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"RoyalNel‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬر ‪2006/10/26 :‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﻲ ‪-2007/01/03 :‬‬ ‫‪2007/02/05‬‬

‫‪204‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﺺ‬

‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Augusta‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Vista‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Vitalia‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Green Tower‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬر ‪2006/09/02 :‬‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ ‪2006/10/20 :‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﻲ ‪06/12/26-05 :‬‬

‫‪206,4‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮع‬ ‫)آﻮﺳﺔ(‬

‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Carisma‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Jamila‬‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻒ "‪"Super Jedida‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﺬر ‪2006/10/27 :‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﻲ ‪-2006/12/16 :‬‬ ‫‪2007/02/05‬‬

‫‪212,8‬‬

‫‪ 1‬م‪ 5,7 = 2‬آﻠﻎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة ﺧﻀﺮاء‬ ‫‪82‬‬

‫‪126‬‬

‫‪474,5‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫إﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ زراﻋﺔ اﻟﻄﻤﺎﻃﻢ اﻟﺒﺪرﻳﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت )اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ و ﻣﻮاد اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺪ(‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة اﻟﺠﻨﻲ )ﻣﻦ ‪ 18‬ﻣﺎي إﻟﻰ ‪ 15‬ﺟﻮﻳﻠﻴﺔ ‪(2007‬‬

‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎت‬

‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‪/‬ﻧﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫)آﻠﻎ(‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪501,80‬‬

‫‪131‬‬

‫‪3,83‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬

‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﺠﻤﻠﻲ )آﻠﻎ(‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد‬ ‫اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻮﺑﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‬

‫اﻟﺨﺺ‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮع‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫"‪"molex‬‬

‫‪585,65‬‬

‫‪133‬‬

‫‪4,40‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪507,05‬‬

‫‪119‬‬

‫‪4,26‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫"‪"molex‬‬

‫‪582,20‬‬

‫‪120‬‬

‫‪4,85‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪492,80‬‬

‫‪122‬‬

‫‪4,04‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫"‪"molex‬‬

‫‪616,05‬‬

‫‪130‬‬

‫‪4,74‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬

‫‪507,45‬‬

‫‪119‬‬

‫‪4,26‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻟﺘﺠﺎري‬ ‫"‪"molex‬‬

‫‪570,40‬‬

‫‪129‬‬

‫‪4,42‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺧﺼﻮﺑﺔ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ اﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻴﺔ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬

‫اﻵزوت )‪(%‬‬

‫اﻟﻔﺴﻔﻮر‬ ‫)‪(ppm‬‬

‫اﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺳﻴﻮم‬ ‫)‪(ppm‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫)ﻏﺮام‪/‬آﻠﻎ ﺗﺮﺑﺔ(‬

‫اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫)‪(%‬‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎد اﻷﺧﻀﺮ‬

‫‪0,13‬‬

‫‪0,44‬‬

‫‪235‬‬

‫‪275,5‬‬

‫‪1555‬‬

‫‪1553,3‬‬

‫‪4,1‬‬

‫‪2,4‬‬

‫‪2,73‬‬

‫‪3,25‬‬

‫اﻟﻠﻮﺑﻴﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻀﺮاء‬

‫‪0,13‬‬

‫‪0,65‬‬

‫‪235‬‬

‫‪322,8‬‬

‫‪1555‬‬

‫‪1841,5‬‬

‫‪4,1‬‬

‫‪3,6‬‬

‫‪2,73‬‬

‫‪2,80‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﺺ‬

‫‪0,13‬‬

‫‪0,24‬‬

‫‪235‬‬

‫‪316,5‬‬

‫‪1555‬‬

‫‪1767‬‬

‫‪4,1‬‬

‫‪4,3‬‬

‫‪2,73‬‬

‫‪3,02‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮع‬

‫‪0,13‬‬

‫‪0,22‬‬

‫‪235‬‬

‫‪255,6‬‬

‫‪1555‬‬

‫‪1498,7‬‬

‫‪4,1‬‬

‫‪2,7‬‬

‫‪2,73‬‬

‫‪3,02‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺣﻮل إﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل أﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ زراﻋﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ اﻟﺒﺪرﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬

‫اﻟﺘﺮآﻴﺒﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ ‪ 25) 1‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 100‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ ‪ 25) 2‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 80‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪ % 20 +‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﻏﻨﺎم‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ ‪ 25) 3‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 70‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪ % 20 +‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪10 +‬‬ ‫‪ %‬ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ ‪ 25) 4‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 50‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪ % 20 +‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪20 +‬‬ ‫‪ %‬ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ ‪ % 10 +‬ﺗﺒﻦ اﻟﻘﻤﺢ‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ )‪ 40‬ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 100‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﻏﻨﺎم اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ‪ :‬اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ )ﻃﻦ‪/‬هﻜﺘﺎر(‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻮﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻊ‬

‫‪/12/03‬‬ ‫‪2002‬‬

‫‪/03/17‬‬ ‫‪2003‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‪2‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‪3‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‪4‬‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ‬

‫‪43.31‬‬

‫‪45.42‬‬

‫‪38.97‬‬

‫‪47.18‬‬

‫‪42.45‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺣﻮل إﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎل ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ زراﻋﺔ اﻟﺒﻄﺎﻃﺎ اﻟﺒﺪرﻳﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫أﻧﻮاع ﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺴﻤﺪ و اﻷﺳﻤﺪة اﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 50) 1‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 100‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 50) 2‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 80‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪ % 20 +‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﻏﻨﺎم‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 50) 3‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 70‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪ % 20 +‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪% 10 +‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 50) 4‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪ % 50‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪ % 20 +‬ﻏﺒﺎر اﻷﺑﻘﺎر ‪% 20 +‬‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﺪواﺟﻦ ‪ % 10 +‬ﺗﺒﻦ اﻟﻘﻤﺢ‬

‫ﺳﻤﺎد ﻋﻀﻮي‪1‬‬

‫‪Codahumus‬‬

‫ﺳﻤﺎد ﻋﻀﻮي‪2‬‬

‫‪Molex‬‬

‫ﺳﻤﺎد ﻋﻀﻮي‪3‬‬

‫‪Algadul‬‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ‪ :‬اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ )آﻠﻎ‪/‬هﻜﺘﺎر(‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع اﻷﺳﻤﺪة‬

‫اﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 5) 1‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 5) 2‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 5) 3‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ‪ 5) 4‬ﻟﺘﺮ‪/‬هﻚ(‬

‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺳﻤﺎد ﻋﻀﻮي‪1‬‬

‫‪30‬‬

‫ﺳﻤﺎد ﻋﻀﻮي‪2‬‬

‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺳﻤﺎد ﻋﻀﻮي‪3‬‬

‫‪22‬‬

‫اﻟﺸﺎهﺪ‬

‫‪22‬‬

‫• ﻣﻮﻋﺪ اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ ‪2002/11/28 :‬‬ ‫• ﻣﻮﻋﺪ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﻊ ‪2003/03/18 :‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻔﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻼﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬