Resveratrol by ccres

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Resveratrol by CCRES

In the past decade, the small polyphenol resveratrol has received widespread attention as either a potential therapy or as a preventive agent for numerous diseases. Studies using purified enzymes, cultured cells, and laboratory animals have suggested that resveratrol has anti-aging, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties that might be relevant to chronic diseases and/or longevity in humans. Although the supporting research in laboratory models is quite substantial, only recently data has emerged to describe the effects of resveratrol supplementation on physiological responses in humans. The limited number of human clinical trials that are available has largely described various aspects of resveratrol's safety and bioavailability, reaching a consensus that it is generally well-tolerated, but have poor bioavailability. Very few published human studies have explored the ability of resveratrol to achieve the physiological benefits that have been observed in laboratory models, although many clinical trials have recently been initiated. This review aims to examine the current state of knowledge on the effects of resveratrol on humans and to utilize this information to develop further guidelines for the implementation of human clinical trials.

Resveratrol ili 3,5,4′-trihidroksistilben, je stilbenoid, derivat stilbena, a pripada velikoj skupini polifenolnih spojeva (polifenola). Neke vrste biljaka proizvode resveratrol kao odgovor na ozljedu, infekciju gljivicama, ultraljubičasto zračenje ili drugu vrstu stresa. Resveratrol je topljiv u mastima, a osnovu molekule resveratrola čine dva aromatska prstena, povezana dvostrukom vezom. Prisutnost te dvostruke veze omogućava postojanje resveratrola u dva izomerna oblika, cis- (Z) i trans- (E) resveratrol. Trans- i cis-resveratrol mogu biti u slobodnom obliku ili vezani na glukozu (kao glukozidi). Resveratrol-3-O-β-glukozid se naziva piceid, a trans-oblik resveratrola pri izlaganju ultraljubičastoj svjetlosti izomerizira u cis-oblik. Trans-resveratrol u obliku praška je stabilan pri 75 %-tnoj vlazi i pri 40 °C u prisutnosti zraka. No, nestabilan je u prisutnosti visokog pH, dok je cis-resveratrol, ako ga se štiti od svjetla, relativno stabilan pri sobnoj temperaturi u 50 %-tnom etanolu. Nizak pH također uzrokuje pretvorbu, tj. izomerizaciju cis-resveratrola u trans-resveratrol. Sadržaj resveratrola u kožici grožđa i pulpi je stabilan nakon fermentacije i skladištenja tijekom dužih perioda. Ipak, dominantan oblik resveratrola jest trans-resveratrol, a pojava cis-resveratrola u npr. nekim vinima se događa upravo zbog fotoizomerizacije, djelovanja enzima tijekom fermentacije ili otpuštanja s viniferina, polimera resveratrola. Također, pokazalo se da je trans-resveratrol više biološki aktivan oblik resveratrola.


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Resveratrol by ccres by Željko Serdar - Issuu