Sloboda stvaranja / Freedom of Creation by HDLU

Sadržaj/ Table of Contents

O PROJEKTU/ABOUT THE PROJECT

Sloboda stvaranja / Freedom of Creation Melinda Šefčić, dr.art./PhD

PREDSTAVLJANJE UMJETNIČKIH INTERVENCIJA/PRESENTATION OF VISUAL ART INTERVENTIONS

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Jelena Bando Ide gas / Let’s Go Tea Jurišić (Kvar Illustration) Super top / Super Top Lav Paripović Oopa 2 / Oopa 2 Goran Rakić Život je plaža / Life Is a Beach Damir Sobota Rast / Growth Ivo Kosanović Priroda osjeća / Nature Feels Tomislav Lončarić (Lonac) Pijetao / The Rooster Miron Milić Magija Shaolina / Shaolin Magic Klara Rusan (Klarxy) Zaslonijevanje / Elewatering

Melinda Šefčić Dan / Day Noć / Night Tropski smijeh / Tropical Laugh

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Tea Jurišić (Kvar Illustration) & Ivo Kosanović Neispričane priče / Untold stories

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Slaven Kosanović (Lunar) Radi, misli, rasti / Work, Think, Grow

Mario Miličić (Mane Mei) Tranzicija / Transition Miroslav Petković (Modul) Leptirov let / Butterfly Flight Jadranka Lacković (oojomagicoo) Između zbilje i mašte / Between Reality and Imagination Ines Milčić (pekmezmed) Niti života / Threads of Life Vladimir Tomić (Mosk) Kiša ionako nije padala cijeli dan / It Hasn’t Rained All Day Anyway

Pavle Tandara (Poster) Broj43 / No. 43 Tomislav Buntak Rane trešnje / Early Cherries Nikola Grabovac Ples oko sunca / Dance Around the Sun

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Teo Kiš Tramvaji / Trams

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Istraživački rad projekta „Sloboda stvaranja“ Anita Jandrić Nišević, dr.sc. Melinda Šefčić, dr.art.

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The Survey Conducted Within the “Freedom of Creation“ Project Anita Jandrić Nišević, PhD Melinda Šefčić, PhD

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IMPRESUM/ IMPRESSUM

Tea Lovrić Mjesto za razmišljanje / A Place to Think Agata Lučić Proljeće / Spring Vida Meić Cikorija, lavanda, kadulja / Chicory, Lavender, Sage Marina Mesar (Oko) Sloboda / Freedom Ivan Stanišić Let / Flight

REZULTATI ISTRAŽIVAČKOG DIJELA PROJEKTA/RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH SEGMENT OF THE PROJECT

O projektu „sloboda stvaranja“ Melinda Šefčić, dr.art.

„Sloboda stvaranja“ četvrti je projekt koji Hrvatsko društvo likovnih umjetnika provodi u suradnji s autoricom i voditeljicom, dr. art. Melindom Šefčić. Projekt se provodio u razdoblju od dvanaest mjeseci te je uključio oslikavanje šest kaznenih tijela uz financijsku potporu Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave Republike Hrvatske. U njegovoj realizaciji sudjelovalo je 22 umjetnika te troje studenata Akademije likovnih umjetnosti Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, koja je ujedno i partner na projektu. Projektna realizacija obuhvaćala je umjetničku estetizaciju i revitalizaciju unutarnjeg i vanjskog prostora Kaznionice u Turopolju, Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju, Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I, Zatvora u Rijeci, Zatvora u Bjelovaru te Zatvora u Zagrebu, poznatijeg kao Remetinec. U sklopu projekta izvedeno je ukupno 28 murala, koji se predstavljaju u katalogu. Umjetnici uključeni u projektnu realizaciju svojom su kreativnom participacijom i angažmanom poboljšali uvjete života i rada u kaznionicama te doprinijeli rehabilitaciji, suptilnoj naobrazbi i komunikaciji. Umjetnici Goran Rakić, Lav Paripović, Damir Sobota, Tea Jurišić (Kvar Illustration) i Jelena Bando oslikali su unutarnji i vanjski prostor Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju, a Miron Milić, Tomislav Lončarić (Lonac), Klara Rusan (Klarxy), Ivo Kosanović i Melinda Šefčić unutarnji i vanjski prostor Kaznionice u Turopolju. U Probacijskom uredu Zagreb I likovne intervencije izveli su umjetnici Miroslav Petković (Modul) i Mario Miličić (Mane Mei), dok su u Zatvoru u Rijeci realizirana tri rada pod autorstvom umjetnica Jadranke Lacković (ojoMAGicoo) i Ines Milčić (pekmezmed) te umjetnika Vladimira Tomića (Mosk). U prostoru Zatvora u Bjelovaru oslikana su dva prostora pod autorstvom Slavena Kosanovića (Lunar) i Pavla Tandare (Poster), dok su likovne intervencije u Zatvoru u Zagrebu izveli Marina Mesar (Oko), Agata Lučić, Vida Meić, Ivan Stanišić, Tomislav Buntak te troje studenata Akademije likovnih umjetnosti Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Tea Lovrić, Teo Kiš i Nikola Grabovac. Istraživačka komponenta sastavni je dio svih dosad realiziranih projekata, a ostvarena je u suradnji dr. sc. Anite Jandrić Nišević s Odsjeka za forenziku Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijskog fa-

kulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu i dr. art. Melinde Šefčić. Istraživački rad, koji se predstavlja u katalogu, nastavak je dosad izvedenih radova, a cilj je bio dobiti uvid u način na koji zatvorenici i stručni djelatnici spomenutih kaznionica percipiraju zatvorski eksterijer i interijer prije i nakon provođenja projektnih aktivnosti te u konačnici poboljšati uvjete izdržavanja zatvorske kazne u Republici Hrvatskoj. Izvedbom projekta izravno se utjecalo na uspostavu novih prostornih vrijednosti, što može pozitivno utjecati na raspoloženje zatvorenika, pomoći u njihovoj resocijalizaciji te umanjiti osjećaj deprivacije koji zatvorenici često proživljavaju tijekom izdržavanja kazne. Dugoročno gledano, projektom će se doprinijeti stvaranju nove, humanije, podupiruće i njegujuće okoline, koja će utjecati na sve zatvorenike, na njihov osjećaj posebnosti, što može doprinijeti pozitivnoj promjeni njihovog ponašanja u prostoru zatvora ili kaznionice tijekom izdržavanja kazne. Dodatno, estetizacijom prostora namjera nam je pozitivno utjecati i na zadovoljstvo samih zaposlenika zatvorskog sustava i smanjiti stres koji vodi do izgaranja na poslu, što je također jedan od gorućih problema 21. stoljeća. Pritom svakako trebamo biti svjesni činjenice da je za svaku dublju promjenu ipak potreban duži period i višegodišnja praksa primjene umjetnosti u zatvorskim sustavima. Ono što nam daje poticaj za daljnji rad na ovim i sličnim projektima u zatvorskom sustavu jest rezultat koji pokazuje da preko 90 % zatvorenika podržava realizaciju projekta i u ostalim kaznenim tijelima diljem Hrvatske. Upravo se zato nadamo da ćemo i u budućnosti nastaviti s realizacijom projektnih aktivnosti estetizacije i revitalizacije zatvorskog prostora umjetnošću, uz mogućnost aktivnog uključivanja zatvorenika. Realizacijom projekta želi se dodatno osvijestiti društvo da se umjetnost treba prepoznati te prihvatiti kao sastavni dio zdrave zajednice.

About the project “Freedom of Creation“ Melinda Šefčić, PhD

“Freedom of Creation” is the fourth project implemented by the Croatian Association of Artists in collaboration with the project author and manager, Melinda Šefčić, PhD. The project was implemented for twelve months and featured the painting of murals in six penal institutions with the financial support of the Ministry of Justice and Administration of the Republic of Croatia. The project included the participation of 22 artists and three students of the Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb, also a project partner institution. The project implementation included artistic aestheticization and revitalization of the interior and exterior of the Penitentiary in Turopolje, Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje, Probation Office Zagreb I, Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar and Prison in Zagreb, better known as Remetinec. The project included the painting of 28 murals, all of which are featured in the catalogue. With their creative participation and engagement, the artists involved in the project improved the living and working conditions in these penal institutions and contributed to rehabilitation, subtle education and communication. The artists Goran Rakić, Lav Paripović, Damir Sobota, Tea Jurišić (Kvar Illustration) and Jelena Bando painted the murals in the interior and exterior of the Correctional Facility in Turopolje, and Miron Milić, Tomislav Lončarić (Lonac), Klara Rusan (Klarxy), Ivo Kosanović and Melinda Šefčić in the interior and exterior of the Penitentiary in Turopolje. The artists Miroslav Petković (Modul) and Mario Miličić (Mane Mei) performed art interventions in the Probation Office Zagreb I, while three works by the artists Jadranka Lacković (ojoMAGicoo), Ines Milčić (pekmezmed) and Vladimir Tomić (Mosk) were created in the Prison in Rijeka. Two works by Slaven Kosanović (Lunar) and Pavle Tandara (Poster) were painted in the Prison in Bjelovar, whereas art interventions in the Prison in Zagreb were performed by Marina Mesar (Oko), Agata Lučić, Vida Meić, Ivan Stanišić, Tomislav Buntak and three students of the Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb, Tea Lovrić, Teo Kiš and Nikola Grabovac.

All the projects implemented so far have also had a research component, realized in the cooperation between Anita Jandrić Nišević, PhD, from the Department of Forensics, Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Zagreb, and Melinda Šefčić, PhD. The research featured in the catalogue is a continuation of the work done so far, and the aim was to gain insight into the way inmates and professionals working in the abovementioned penal institutions perceive the prison exterior and interior before and after the implementation of project activities and, ultimately, to improve prison conditions in the Republic of Croatia. The implementation of the project directly affected the establishment of new spatial values, which can positively affect the mood of inmates, help their resocialization, and reduce the feeling of deprivation that inmates often experience while serving their sentences. In the long run, the project will contribute to the creation of a new, more humane, supportive and nurturing environment that will affect all inmates, their sense of specialness, which can contribute to a positive change in their behaviour in prison or penitentiary while serving the sentence. In addition, by aestheticizing the space, we intend to positively affect the satisfaction of the employees of the prison system and reduce the stress that leads to burnout at work, which is also one of the burning issues of the 21st century. At the same time, we should be aware that any more profound change requires more time and many years of practice with the use of art in prison systems. What gives us an incentive to continue working on these and similar projects in the prison system is the result that shows that over 90% of inmates support the implementation of the project in other penitentiaries throughout Croatia as well. That is why we hope that in the future we will continue with the realization of project activities of aestheticization and revitalization of the prison space with art, with the possibility of active involvement of inmates. The realization of the project aims to further raise the awareness of society that art should be recognized and accepted as an integral part of a healthy community.

PREDSTAVLJANJE

UMJETNICKIH INTERVENCIJA / PRESENTATION OF VISUAL ART INTERVENTIONS

Ide gas / Let’s Go JELENA BANDO Odgojni zavod u Turopolju / Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje

Super top / Super top TEA JURIŠIĆ (KVAR ILLUSTRATION) Odgojni zavod u Turopolju / Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje

Oopa 2 / Oopa 2 LAV PARIPOVIĆ Odgojni zavod u Turopolju / Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje

Život je plaža / Life Is a Beach GORAN RAKIĆ Odgojni zavod u Turopolju / Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje

Rast / Growth DAMIR SOBOTA Odgojni zavod u Turopolju / Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje

PRIRODA OSJEĆA / NATURE FEELS IVO KOSANOVIĆ Kaznionica u Turopolju / Penitentiary in Turopolje

PIjetao / The Rooster TOMISLAV LONČARIĆ (LONAC) Kaznionica u Turopolju / Penitentiary in Turopolje

Magija Shaolina / Shaolin Magic MIRON MILIĆ Kaznionica u Turopolju / Penitentiary in Turopolje

Zaslonijevanje / Elewatering KLARA RUSAN (KLARXY) Kaznionica u Turopolju / Penitentiary in Turopolje

DAN / DAY Noć / Night Tropski smijeh / Tropical Laugh MELINDA ŠEFČIĆ Kaznionica u Turopolju / Penitentiary in Turopolje

Neispričane priče / Untold stories TEA JURIŠIĆ (KVAR ILLUSTRATION) IVO KOSANOVIĆ Kaznionica u Turopolju / Penitentiary in Turopolje

Tranzicija / Transition MARIO MILIČIĆ (MANE MEI) Probacijski ured u Zagrebu I. / Probation Office in Zagreb I

Leptirov let / Butterfly Flight MIROSLAV PETKOVIĆ (MODUL) Probacijski ured u Zagrebu I. / Probation Office in Zagreb I

Između ZBIlje i mašte / Between REALITY and Imagination JADRANKA LACKOVIĆ (OOJOMAGICOO) Zatvor u Rijeci / Prison in Rijeka

Niti života / Threads of Life INES MILČIĆ (PEKMEZMED) Zatvor u Rijeci / Prison in Rijeka

Kiša ionako nije padala cijeli dan / It Hasn’t Rained All Day Anyway VLADIMIR TOMIĆ (MOSK) Zatvor u Rijeci / Prison in Rijeka

Radi, misli, rasti / Work, Think, Grow SLAVEN KOSANOVIĆ (LUNAR) Zatvor u Bjelovaru / Prison in Bjelovar

Broj 43 / No. 43 PAVLE TANDARA (POSTER) Zatvor u Bjelovaru / Prison in Bjelovar

Rane trešnje / Early Cherries TOMISLAV BUNTAK Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

Ples oko sunca / Dance Around the Sun NIKOLA GRABOVAC Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

Tramvaji/ Trams TEO KIŠ Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

Mjesto za razmišljanje / A Place to Think TEA LOVRIĆ Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

Proljeće / Spring AGATA LUČIĆ Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

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Cikorija, lavanda, kadulja / Chicory, Lavender, Sage VIDA MEIĆ Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

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Sloboda / Freedom MARINA MESAR (OKO) Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

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Let / Flight IVAN STANIŠIĆ Zatvor u Zagrebu / Prison in Zagreb

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REZULTATI ISTRAZIVACKOG DIJELA PROJEKTA

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RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH SEGMENT OF THE PROJECT

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Istraživački rad projekta „Sloboda stvaranja“ Anita Jandrić Nišević, dr.sc. Melinda Šefčić, dr.art.

Projekt „Sloboda stvaranja“ četvrti je projekt oslikavanja kaznenih tijela u Republici Hrvatskoj. Prvi takav projekt proveden je 2018. godine u Kaznionici za žene u Požegi, pod nazivom „Uzorna kaznionica“. Nakon njega su uslijedili „Revitalizacija zatvorskog prostora umjetnošću“ (oslikavanje Zatvora u Zagrebu, 2019. godine) te „Horizont slobode“ (oslikavanje Kaznionice u Glini i Zatvorske bolnice, 2020. godine). Analiza percepcije prostora od strane djelatnika i zatvorenika prije i nakon provedenih likovnih intervencija u navedenim kaznenim tijelima dala je uvid u važnost i nužnost ovakvih projekata u zatvorskom sustavu Republike Hrvatske. Naime, i zatvorenici i službenici kaznenih tijela u većoj su se mjeri složili oko tvrdnji da su likovne intervencije u prostoru utjecale pozitivno na atmosferu i smanjenje stresa te povećale osjećaj ugode, što za posljedicu ima stvaranje kvalitetnijeg radnog okruženja i smanjenje sindroma sagorijevanja na poslu kada govorimo o službenicima, te poticanje pozitivnih stavova prema životu i bolju adaptaciju na zatvorske uvjete ako govorimo o zatvorenicima. Budući da je velika većina i zatvorenika, ali i službenika podržala nastavak inicijative oslikavanja prostora i u drugim kaznenim tijelima, projekt „Sloboda stvaranja“ obuhvatio je dosad najveći broj ustanova zatvorskog i probacijskog sustava. U okviru navedenog projekta oslikani su: • Zatvor u Rijeci • Zatvor u Bjelovaru • Zatvor u Zagrebu • Kaznionica u Turopolju • Odgojni zavod u Turopolju • Probacijski ured Zagreb I

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Istraživački rad izveden je u Zatvoru u Rijeci i Bjelovaru, Kaznionici u Turopolju, Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju i Probacijskom uredu Zagreb I dok je prikupljanje uzoraka u Zatvoru u Zagrebu izostalo iz razloga jer se 2019. u sklopu projekta „Revitalizacija zatvorskog prostora umjetnošću“ već izveo isti istraživački rad, o čemu opširnije možete pročitati na dostupnom linku projektnog kataloga: https://issuu.com/hdlu6/docs/katalog_web_b72943d4461f21 . Cilj istraživanja Glavni cilj istraživačke komponente projekta „Sloboda stvaranja“ bio je dobivanje uvida o percepciji prostora od strane zatvorenika i stručnih djelatnika Zatvora u Rijeci i Bjelovaru, Kaznionici u Turopolju, Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju I Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I, a u svrhu poboljšanja općih uvjeta boravka u navedenim prostorima, kako za zatvorenike tako i za službenike. Ispitana je percepcija prostora prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija (oslikavanja zidova). Uzorak ispitanika Uzorak ispitanika sastoji se od ukupno 105 službenika iz Zatvora u Rijeci, Zatvora u Bjelovaru, Kaznionice u Turopolju, Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju i Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I. U uzorku je i 119 počinitelja kaznenih djela iz navedenih ustanova, od čega je 31 maloljetnik. U grafu 1 prikazana je distribucija uzorka službenika prema kaznenim tijelima, dok graf 2 prikazuje distribuciju počinitelja kaznenih djela s obzirom na kazneno tijelo.

Graf 1 Distribucija uzorka službenika

22%

23%

Zatvor u Rijeci Kaznionica u Turopolju Odgojni zavod u Turopolju

14% 28% 13%

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Probacijski ured Zagreb 1 Zatvor u Bjelovaru

Graf 2 Distribucija uzorka zatvorenika i maloljetnika

17%

25%

Zatvor u Rijeci Kaznionica u Turopolju 21%

11% 26%

Odgojni zavod u Turopolju Probacijski ured Zagreb 1 Zatvor u Bjelovaru

Način prikupljanja podataka Podaci o percepciji prostora prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija prikupljani su dva tjedna prije početka provođenja projektnih aktivnosti u kaznenim tijelima uključenim u projektnu realizaciju, a podaci koji se odnose na percepciju prostora nakon izvedenih likovnih intervencija prikupljeni su dva tjedna nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija u kaznenim tijelima. Uzorci su se prikupljali od lipnja 2021. do prosinca 2021. godine. U prikupljanju podataka anketnim upitnikom sudjelovali su stručni djelatnici ustanova obuhvaćenih projektom. Prilikom sudjelovanja u istraživanju, poštivala su se načela dobrovoljnosti i anonimnosti, a sudionicima je naglašeno da će se podaci koristiti isključivo u znanstvene svrhe te u svrhu poboljšanja uvjeta izdržavanja kazne. Mjerni instrumenti U svrhu dobivanja podataka o percepciji eksterijera kreirano je nekoliko upitnika poštujući specifičnosti pojedinih ustanova: • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za zatvorenike u Zatvoru u Rijeci – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za službenike Zatvora u Rijeci – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za zatvorenike u Zatvoru u Bjelovaru – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za službenike Zatvora u Bjelovaru – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za zatvorenike u Kaznionici u Turopolju – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za službenike Kaznionice u Turo-

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polju – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za maloljetnike u Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za službenike Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za počinitelje kaznenih djela u probaciji – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija • Upitnik o percepciji prostora za službenike Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I – prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija Upitnici koji su se primjenjivali prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija sastoje se od 12 varijabli, a upitnici koji ispituju percepciju prostora nakon oslikavanja zidova sastoje se od 10 varijabli. Bitno je naglasiti da su anketni upitnici, osim strukturiranih varijabli, nudili i mogućnost slobodnog izražavanja u smislu davanja prijedloga za poboljšanje interijera kaznenih tijela te mogućnost davanja sugestija, prijedloga i savjeta provoditeljima projekta, a u svrhu kvalitetnijeg osmišljavanja budućih projekata sličnih sadržaja. Metode obrade podataka Podaci su obrađeni u programu SPSS for Windows v27 metodom deskriptivne analize. S obzirom na specifičnosti ustanova u odnosu na populaciju koja u njima boravi, rezultati će biti prezentirani u okviru tri cjeline: • Kaznionica u Turopolju te Zatvor u Rijeci i Bjelovaru – punoljetni počinitelji kaznenih djela • Odgojni zavod u Turopolju – maloljetni počinitelji • Probacijski ured Zagreb I – počinitelji kaznenih djela koji služe kaznu na slobodi

Zatvor u Rijeci, Zatvor u Bjelovaru i Kaznionica u Turopolju

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Nakon provedene analize razlika u percepciji prostora između navedenih kaznenih tijela (hi-kvadrat test), utvrđeno je da ne postoje statistički značajne razlike u percepciji prostora od strane zaposlenih službenika i zatvorenika prije i nakon oslikavanja zidova. Iz tog razloga, podaci u ovom poglavlju prezentirat će se kumulativno za sva tri kaznena tijela (Zatvor u Rijeci, Zatvor u Bjelovaru i Kaznionica u Turopolju).

Percepcija prostora od strane zatvorskih službenika prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija U istraživanju percepcije prostora Zatvora u Rijeci, Zatvora u Bjelovaru i Kaznionice u Turopolju sudjelovalo je 76 ispitanika, od toga 59,2 % muškog i 40,8% ženskog spola, prosječne dobi 45,3 godine. Najviše ispitanika je iz Odjela osiguranja (50%), dok je ostatak ispitanika jednako raspoređen između Odjela financijsko-knjigovodstvenih poslova, Odjela tretmana i Odjela upravnih poslova (14,5%). Većina ispitanika doživljava prostor kaznenih tijela nezanimljivim i odbojnim. Svega 20% ispitanika smatra da je navedeni prostor ugodan (Graf 3).

Graf 3 Doživljaj prostora kaznenih tijela prije oslikavanja - službenici

ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv odbojan prazan 0

Većina službenika smatra provođenje likovnih intervencija u kaznenim tijelima dobrom idejom (76,8%), a 73% službenika smatra da je nužno napraviti određene promjene u prostorima kaznenih tijela. Da bi likovne intervencije doprinijele osjećaju ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru smatra 64,3% ispitanika, dok 53% smatra da bi oslikavanje prostora pomoglo boljoj adaptaciji zatvorenika na zatvorske uvjete (trećina ispitanika smatra da ne može procijeniti navedeno). Da bi oslikavanje prostora pozitivno utjecalo na atmosferu i smanjenje stresa, smatra 64% ispitanika. Više od polovice ispitanika (65,3%) podržava inicijativu oslikavanja prostora u kaznenim tijelima u kojima su zaposleni. Percepcija prostora kaznenih tijela od strane službenika nakon provedenih likovnih intervencija U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 39 službenika Zatvora u Bjelovaru, Zatvora u Rijeci i Kaznionice u Turopolju, od toga 33,3% muških

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i 66,7% ženskih ispitanika prosječne dobi 43,2 godine. Najveći broj ispitanika radi na Odjelu osiguranja (40,8%) te na Odjelu tretmana (35,6%). Velika većina ispitanika mišljenja je da su provedene likovne intervencije utjecale pozitivno na osjećaj ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru (89,7%). Iz grafa 4 vidljiva je promjena percepcije prostora nakon oslikavanja zidova u kaznenim tijelima na način da većina ispitanika sada doživljava prostor puno pozitivnije nego prije oslikavanja.

Graf 4 Doživljaj prostora kaznenih tijela nakon oslikavanja - službenici

isti kao i prije oslikavanja ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv odbojan 0

Gotovo svi ispitanici (90%) smatraju oslikavanje prostora kaznenih tijela dobrom idejom, a više od polovice ispitanika (65%) smatra da je oslikavanje utjecalo na smanjenje stresa prilikom boravka u kaznenom tijelu te na bolju atmosferu. Većina službenika smatra da bi trebalo oslikati i ostala kaznena tijela (76%). Percepcija prostora kaznenih tijela od strane zatvorenika prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija

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Istraživanje percepcije prostora Zatvora u Bjelovaru, Zatvora u Rijeci i Kaznionice u Turopolju obuhvatilo je 75 zatvorenika, uglavnom muškaraca (96%), prosječne dobi 41,3 godine, sa završenom srednjom školom (53% ispitanika). Iz grafa 5 vidljivo je da zatvorenici uglavnom doživljavaju prostor kaznenih tijela nezanimljivim, odbojnim i praznim. Velika većina ispitanika (80,1%) razmišljala je o nužnosti preuređenja kaznenih tijela (bojenje zidova, promjena boje stolarije, ulaganja u krevet, ormare i slično) te smatraju oslikavanje zidova u prostorima kaznenih tijela u kojima borave dobrom idejom.

Graf 5 Doživljaj prostora kaznenih tijela prije oslikavanja - zatvorenici

ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv odbojan prazan 0

Da bi oslikavanje zidova doprinijelo osjećaju ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru smatra 82% ispitanika, a da bi im to pomoglo u boljoj prilagodbi na zatvorske uvjete misli 80% zatvorenika u uzorku. Preko polovice ispitanika (68%) smatra da bi likovne intervencije u prostoru omogućile bolju atmosferu i utjecale na smanjenje stresa. Velika većina ispitanih zatvorenika (83%) podržava inicijativu oslikavanja prostora u kaznenim tijelima u kojima borave. Percepcija prostora kaznenih tijela od strane zatvorenika nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija U ispitivanju percepcije prostora nakon oslikavanja zidova sudjelovalo je 44 zatvorenika, od čega 90% muškog i 10% ženskog spola, prosječne dobi 35,4 godine, uglavnom sa završenom srednjom školom (63%). Velika većina ispitanika smatra da su likovne intervencije pozitivno utjecale na osjećaj ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru (82%), a 76% ispitanika smatra oslikavanje prostora dobrom idejom. U grafu 6 prikazan je doživljaj prostora kaznenih tijela nakon oslikavanja. Rezultati ukazuju na pozitivnu procjenu, pri čemu zatvorenici navode da im je sada prostor ispunjeniji i zanimljiviji te ugodniji za boravak. Manji udio ispitanika (18,2%) smatra da je prostor isti kao i prije oslikavanja. Preko polovice ispitanih zatvorenika smatra da su likovne intervencije doprinijele osjećaju ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru (65,4%) te da su pozitivno utjecale na smanjenje stresa (59,7%). Većina ispitanika smatra da bi trebalo oslikati i ostala kaznena tijela u zatvorskom sustavu Republike Hrvatske. 124

Graf 6 Doživljaj prostora kaznenih tijela nakon oslikavanja - zatvorenici isti kao i prije oslikavanja ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv prazan 0

Odgojni zavod u Turopolju Percepcija prostora od strane službenika prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija U ispitivanju percepcije prostora Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju sudjelovalo je 35,7% muških i 64,3% ženskih službenika prosječne dobi 45,5 godina. Najviše ispitanika zaposleno je u Odjelu tretmana (78,6%) te u Odjelu osiguranja (21,4%). Kako je vidljivo iz grafa 7, najveći broj ispitanika smatra prostor Odgojnog zavoda odbojnim i praznim (88,5%), dok samo 11,4% ispitanika smatra da je taj prostor ugodan.

Graf 7 Doživljaj prostora Odgojnog zavoda prije oslikavanja - službenici

ugodan odbojan prazan 0

Velika većina ispitanika razmišljala je o preuređenju navedenog prostora (80,1%), a čak 85,3% smatra da je vanjsko i unutarnje preuređenje prostora izuzetno važno i prijeko potrebno. Jednako visok udio ispitanika (85,7%) smatra da bi se oslikavanjem prostora Odgojnog zavoda doprinijelo osjećaju ugode prilikom 125

boravka u tom prostoru te da bi se korisnici lakše i kvalitetnije prilagodili tom prostoru. Osim toga, velik broj ispitanih službenika smatra da bi se oslikavanjem doprinijelo i boljoj atmosferi te smanjenju stresa i nedvojbeno podržavaju inicijativu za oslikavanjem prostora Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju (85,7%). Percepcija prostora od strane službenika nakon provedenih likovnih intervencija Ispitivanje percepcije prostora Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju nakon izvedenih likovnih intervencija obuhvatilo je 17 službenika, od čega 70,6% ženskih i 29,4% muških, prosječne dobi 42,3 godine. Najveći broj ispitanika radi u Odjelu tretmana (70,6%) i u Odjelu osiguranja (23,5%). Svi ispitanici suglasni su u stavu da su likovne intervencije pozitivno utjecale na osjećaj ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru, dok je 82,3% naglasilo da se sada osjećaju puno ugodnije u prostoru Odgojnog zavoda. Nakon oslikavanja zidova 58,8% ispitanika sada definira prostor kao ispunjen i zanimljiv, a 41,2% ga smatra ugodnim za boravak, kako je vidljivo iz grafa 8.

Graf 8 Doživljaj prostora Odgojnog zavoda nakon oslikavanja - službenici

ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan

Velika većina ispitanika (88,2%) smatra da je oslikavanje prostora bila izvrsna ideja, no nisu u mogućnosti procijeniti koliko su likovne intervencije utjecale na smanjenje stresa u ustanovi – samo je 47,1% službenika izjavilo da je oslikavanje prostora utjecalo na smanjenje razine stresa. Ipak, većina ispitanih službenika (84,2%) smatra da bi trebalo oslikati i ostala kaznena tijela u zatvorskom sustavu. Percepcija prostora od strane maloljetnika koji borave u Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju – prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija U istraživanju percepcije prostora prije izvođenja likovnih inter-

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vencija sudjelovao je 31 maloljetnik prosječne dobi 17,5 godina. Veći broj ispitanika nema završenu osnovnu školu (45,2%), dok ih 38,7% ima završenu osnovnu školu, a 12,9% završeno srednjoškolsko obrazovanje. Većina ispitanika doživljava prostor Odgojnog zavoda nezanimljivim (42%), praznim (29,4%) i odbojnim (19,4%), kako je vidljivo u grafu 9, a čak 93,3% je razmišljalo o preuređenju prostora (bojenju zidova, promijeni boje namještaja, ulaganju u krevet, ormare i slično) te smatra da je uređenje unutarnjeg i vanjskog prostora Odgojnog zavoda izuzetno važno (87% ispitanika) i da se radi o dobroj i pohvalnoj ideji.

Graf 9 Doživljaj prostora Odgojnog zavoda prije oslikavanja - maloljetnici ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv odbojan prazan 0

Velik broj korisnika (78%) smatra da bi se oslikavanjem zidova doprinijelo osjećaju ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru Odgojnog zavoda, a svi ispitanici su suglasni oko stava da bi im oslikavanje prostora omogućilo bolju i kvalitetniju prilagodbu te smanjilo razinu stresa. Inicijativu za oslikavanjem prostora u Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju podržava u potpunosti 87% ispitanih maloljetnika. Percepcija prostora od strane maloljetnika koji borave u Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju – nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija

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U ispitivanju percepcije prostora Odgojnog zavoda u Turopolju nakon oslikavanja zidova sudjelovalo je 30 maloljetnika prosječne dobi 17,5 godina. Uglavnom se radi o maloljetnicima sa završenom osnovnom školom (56,8%) te završenom srednjom školom (24,3%). Gotovo svi ispitanici (96,7%) izjavili su da su izvedene likovne intervencije pozitivno utjecale na osjećaj ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru te da se sada u njemu osjećaju bolje. U grafu 10 prikazan je doživljaj prostora Odgojnog zavoda u Tu-

ropolju nakon oslikavanja. Vidljivo je da većina ispitanika sada doživljava prostor puno pozitivnije. Naime, 36,7% ispitanika smatra da je prostor ispunjeniji i zanimljiviji nakon oslikavanja, a 30% ih smatra da je ugodniji nego prije.

Graf 10 Doživljaj prostora Odgojnog zavoda nakon oslikavanja - maloljetnici ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv odbojan prazan

Gotovo svi ispitanici (93%) smatraju da je oslikavanje zidova u Odgojnom zavodu bila dobra ideja, a 87,3% ispitanika smatra da su likovne intervencije u prostoru utjecale na smanjenje stresa. Većina ispitanih maloljetnika (78,6%) smatra da bi trebalo oslikati i ostala kaznena tijela u zatvorskom sustavu Republike Hrvatske.

Probacijski ured Zagreb I Percepcija prostora od strane službenika prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija U istraživanju percepcije prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I prije oslikavanja zidova sudjelovalo je 15 službenika, od toga 93,3% ženskih i 6,7% muških.

Graf 11 Doživljaj prostora Probacijskog ureda prije oslikavanja - službenici 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

prazan

nezanimljiv

ugodan

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U grafu 11 prikazani su podaci koji ukazuju na percepciju prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I prije provođenja likovnih intervencija. Kao što je vidljivo, većina probacijskih službenika i prije oslikavanja smatra da je njihov radni prostor ugodan (72%), a svega 20% smatra prostor praznim. Na pitanje o tome jesu li razmišljali o prostornom preuređenju Probacijskog ureda, ispitanici su podijeljeni. Naime, 50% ih je razmišljalo o nužnosti preuređenja, dok 50% ispitanih službenika smatra da preuređenje njihovog radnog mjesta nije potrebno. Ovakvi podaci nisu začuđujući ukoliko se promatraju u kontekstu njihovog doživljaja prostora koji upućuje na činjenicu da većina službenika smatra taj prostor ugodnim. Ovim rezultatima ide u prilog i mišljenje trećine ispitanika da je prostorno uređenje Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I nepotrebno. Ipak, 46,7% ispitanika smatra da bi se prostor trebao urediti (graf 12).

Graf 12 Što mislite o ideji prostornog uređenja Probacijskog ureda?

nepotrebno nisam o tome razmišljao/la prijeko potrebno dobra ideja 0

Unatoč pozitivnoj percepciji prostora i prije oslikavanja, većina ispitanih probacijskih službenika ipak smatra da bi se oslikavanjem zidova doprinijelo osjećaju ugode i boljoj atmosferi prilikom boravka u prostoru (68,6%) te da bi se time smanjila i razina stresa. Osim toga, velika većina ispitanika podržava inicijativu oslikavanja prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I (81%). Percepcija prostora od strane probacijskih službenika nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija u prostoru

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U istraživanju percepcije prostora nakon oslikavanja zidova u Probacijskom uredu Zagreb I sudjelovalo je 13 ispitanika, 15,45 muških i 84,65 ženskih službenika. Većina ispitanika (77%) smatra da su likovne intervencije pozi-

tivno utjecale na osjećaj ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru. Iz grafa 13 vidljivi su rezultati koji ukazuju na percepciju prostora nakon oslikavanja. Većina ispitanika doživljava prostor ugodnim (46,2) i ispunjenim i zanimljivim (30,8%). U odnosu na doživljaj prostora prije oslikavanja ne mogu se uočiti velike razlike budući da je većina ispitanika i prije oslikavanja smatrala svoj radni prostor ugodnim.

Graf 13 Doživljaj prostora Probacijskog ureda nakon oslikavanja - službenici

isti kao i prije ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan odbojan 0

Većina ispitanika smatra da je provođenje likovnih intervencija u Probacijskom uredu Zagreb I bila dobra ideja (71%), a 29% službenika smatra da je bilo nepotrebno. Iako većina službenika smatra da su likovne intervencije u prostoru doprinijele boljoj atmosferi, kod utjecaja oslikavanja prostora na razinu stresa su podijeljeni. Naime, 53,9% službenika smatra da su izvedene likovne intervencije utjecale na smanjenje stresa u nekoj mjeri, dok 41% ispitanika smatra da nisu. Bitno je naglasiti da je ovu varijablu poprilično teško procijeniti s malim odmakom vremena te da bi se ispitivanje utjecaja likovnih intervencija na smanjenje stresa trebalo provesti nakon dužeg vremena boravka u prostoru. Veći broj ispitanika (67%) smatra da bi bilo dobro oslikati i druge probacijske urede u Republici Hrvatskoj. Percepcija prostora od strane korisnika Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija U istraživanju percepcije prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I prije oslikavanja zidova, sudjelovalo je 13 korisnika, uglavnom muškog spola (93%), sa završenom srednjom školom (85,7%). Rezultati percepcije prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I pokazuju da korisnici, počinitelji kaznenih djela, uglavnom navedeni prostor smatraju ugodnim (46,2%), dok ih jednak broj doživljava

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prostor ispunjenim i zanimljivim (23,1%), ali i praznim (23,1%), kako je vidljivo iz grafa 14.

Graf 14 Doživljaj prostora Probacijskog ureda prije oslikavanja - korisnici

ispunjen i zanimljiv ugodan nezanimljiv prazan 0

Većina ispitanika (62,3%) nije razmišljalo o nužnosti preuređenja prostora probacijskog ureda, no ipak smatraju da bi uređenje prostora bila dobra ideja (72%). Korisnici se uglavnom slažu s tvrdnjom da bi se izvođenjem likovnih intervencija u prostoru probacijskog ureda utjecalo pozitivno na osjećaj ugode (65,7%) te da bi se u nekoj mjeri mogla smanjiti i razina stresa prilikom boravka u prostoru (61,5%). Trećina ispitanika ne može procijeniti navedene tvrdnje. S inicijativom oslikavanja prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I slaže se 78,3% ispitanika. Percepcija prostora Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I od strane korisnika nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija U uzorku ispitanika sudjelovalo je 11 korisnika Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I, uglavnom muškog spola (90%). Svi ispitanici su suglasni u mišljenju da su provedene likovne intervencije pozitivno utjecale na osjećaj ugode prilikom boravka u prostoru te ih se većina sada osjeća ugodnije u prostoru (67,8%). Kako je vidljivo iz grafa 15, velika većina korisnika doživljava prostor nakon oslikavanja ugodnim (54,5%) te ispunjenim i zanimljivim (36,4%). No, budući da je prostor i prije oslikavanja doživljavan ugodnim od strane korisnika u većoj mjeri, ne može se govoriti o bitnoj razlici u percepciji prostora prije i nakon oslikavanja iako postoji tendencija doživljavanja prostora ispunjenijim i zanimljivijim nakon oslikavanja.

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Velika većina korisnika (90%) smatra da je oslikavanje Probacijskog ureda bila dobra i prijeko potrebna ideja, a svi ispitani ko-

risnici smatraju da su likovne intervencije utjecale pozitivno na osjećaj ugode te smanjenje stresa. Ispitanici su suglasni da bi trebalo oslikati i ostale probacijske urede u Republici Hrvatskoj.

Graf 15 Doživljaj prostora Probacijskog ureda nakon oslikavanja - korisnici 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

nezanimljiv

ugodan

ispunjen i zanimljiv

Prijedlozi i komentari djelatnika kaznenih tijela i Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I U okviru istraživanja percepcije prostora prije i nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija, službenici zatvorskog sustava i probacije imali su potrebu dati nekoliko svojih prijedloga i sugestija. Zatvorski sustav • „Oslikavanje zidova je odlična ideja, pun pogodak! Ali ima još puno stvari koje bi se trebale popraviti (namještaj, sanitarni čvor…).“ • „Kupiti noviji namještaj.“ • U Zatvoru u Rijeci posebno se ističe problem klimatizacije prostorija službenika Odjela osiguranja. • „Hitno obnavljanje sanitarnih čvorova.“ • „Starost zgrade zatvora, potrebne bitnije intervencije od oslikavanja zidova.“ • „Angažirati zatvorenike u oslikavanju zidova.“ • U Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju ističe se nužnost postavljanja klupa i stolova (ili sjenice) u vanjskom prostoru. • „Oslikajte svoju kuću, a zatvor pustite da bude zatvor, a ne vrtić sa suncima,ribicama itd.“ • „Sviđaju mi se boje i motivi, napokon neka promjena u ovom sivilu.“ Probacijski ured Zagreb I • „Predlažem da umjetnici oslikaju platna, ili da se izradi tisak slika kako bi ih mogli ponijeti prilikom preseljenja u novi prostor.“ • „Prezentacija rada od strane autora doprinosi prihvaćanju i razumijevanju rada, a posebno apstraktnog rada.“

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• „Konzultirati se sa svakim službenikom oko želje/potrebe za oslikavanjem.“ • „Smatram da oslikavanje zidova nije doprinijelo stvaranju ugodnijeg okruženja s obzirom da je prostor bio vrlo ugodan i prije. Likovne intervencije uopće se ne uklapaju u konkretan prostor.“ • „Sjajno ste ovo izveli. Oslikani zid, kada god pokraj njega prođem me oraspoloži. Dođe mi da prođem kroz njega kako bih vidjela koja se iza realnost skriva.“ Prijedlozi i sugestije zatvorenika • „Obojiti klupe na šetnji“ • „Trebalo bi oslikati VEĆI dio prostora“ • „Od slika se ne živi, već od boljih uvjeta“ • „Renovirajte zatvor po EU standardima pa onda oslikavajte“ • „Šetnju u potpunosti oslikati, postaviti zvučnik u teretani i dodatne sprave, tuš sa toplom vodom“ • „Svaka pohvala iako nitko ne želi doći do te situacije da dolazi ovdje, pa tako niti ja, ali jedina ustanova gdje sam dobila savjet i pomoć“ • „Uređenje okoliša.. više domoljubnih motiva na slikama“ • „Imamo još zidova koji vape za bojanjem i oslikavanjem“ • „Jako mi se sviđaju boje, dodali ste malo pozitive u ovaj zatvor“ • „Ne zanima me budućnost nijednog zatvora“ Zaključna razmatranja

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Iz analize rezultata jasno je vidljivo da je većina službenika, ali i počinitelja kaznenih djela pozitivno doživjela oslikavanje prostora u kojemu borave te da je percepcija prostora nakon oslikavanja bolja od percepcije prostora kakav je bio prije. Navedena razlika najviše je vidljiva u ustanovama zatvorskog sustava, osobito u Odgojnom zavodu u Turopolju gdje su korisnici, a posebice službenici izuzetno dobro procijenili prostor nakon izvođenja likovnih intervencija na način da smatraju da je sada taj prostor puno ugodniji i zanimljiviji. Slični rezultati, iako s nešto manjim razlikama, evidentirani su i u Zatvoru u Bjelovaru, Zatvoru i Rijeci i Kaznionici u Turopolju. I službenici i korisnici navedenih ustanova procijenili su da novi, oslikani prostor pozitivno utječe na atmosferu i smanjenje razine stresa te svakako preporučuju oslikavanje i drugih kaznenih tijela zatvorskog sustava u Republici Hrvatskoj. Službenici, kao i korisnici Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I doživljavali su prostor Ureda ugodnim i prije izvođenja likovnih intervencija, a nešto više od trećine službenika smatra da prostor nije ni trebalo oslikavati. No, nakon oslikavanja zidova u Probacijskom uredu Zagreb I ipak je, prema rezultatima aritmetičkih sredina,

detektirana nešto pozitivnija percepcija prostora u odnosu na percepciju prije oslikavanja kod službenika, a posebice kod korisnika. Bitno je napomenuti da se probacijski ured Zagreb I nalazi u novijem i očuvanijem prostoru u odnosu na kaznena tijela zatvorskog sustava pa i to može biti jedan od razloga što službenici doživljavaju svoj radni prostor ugodnim i smatraju da ga se ne mora nužno oslikavati. Ipak, većina službenika smatra da bi bilo dobro oslikati i ostale probacijske urede u Republici Hrvatskoj. Korisnici Probacijskog ureda Zagreb I izuzetno su zadovoljni oslikanim prostorom i mišljenja su da takav prostor potiče bolju atmosferu i smanjuje stres. Za kraj, čini se važnim za istaknuti da zatvorenici u svakom dosadašnjem projektu oslikavanja kaznenih tijela pa tako i u ovome, naglašavaju važnost oslikavanja prostora u kojem borave i iskazuju svoje zadovoljstvo ovakvim idejama kao i zadovoljstvo konačnom provedbom ideje, ali uvijek posebno ističu i nužnost promjene dotrajale stolarije i važnost brige oko osnovnih higijenskih uvjeta. Projekt „Sloboda stvaranja“, koji je dosad obuhvatio najveći broj ustanova zatvorskog i probacijskog sustava, ponovo je pokazao važnost estetizacije prostora i njegov utjecaj na ljude koji u tom prostoru borave.

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The Survey Conducted Within the “Freedom of Creation“ Project Anita Jandrić Nišević, PhD Melinda Šefčić, PhD

The “Freedom of Creation” project is the fourth penal institution painting project in the Republic of Croatia. The first project of this kind, entitled “Exemplary Penitentiary”, was implemented in 2018 at the Women’s Penitentiary in Požega. It was followed by “Revitalization of Prison Space With Art” (painting of the Prison in Zagreb, 2019) and “Horizon of Freedom” (painting of the Penitentiary in Glina and the Prison Hospital, 2020). An analysis of the perception of space by employees and inmates before and after the artistic interventions in the aforementioned penal institutions highlighted the importance and necessity of such projects for the prison system of the Republic of Croatia. Namely, both inmates and penal institution officers largely agreed on statements that artistic interventions into space have had a positive impact on the atmosphere and stress reduction, and have increased feelings of comfort, which has in turn fostered a higher quality work environment and reduced work-related burnout syndrome among officers, and that they also stimulated positive attitudes towards life and better adaptation to prison conditions among inmates. With a vast majority of both inmates and officers supporting the continuation of the initiative to paint the spaces in other penal institutions as well, the “Freedom of Creation” project has encompassed the largest number of prison and probation system facilities so far. The following have been painted as part of the above project:

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• Prison in Rijeka • Prison in Bjelovar • Prison in Zagreb • Penitentiary in Turopolje • Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje • Probation Office Zagreb I

Research was conducted in the Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar, the Penitentiary in Turopolje, Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje and the Probation Office Zagreb I. Sample collection in the Prison in Zagreb was not carried out as the same research had already been conducted in 2019 as part of the “Revitalization of Prison Space With Art” project, with an extensive report available in the project catalogue at: https://issuu.com/hdlu6/docs/katalog_web_b72943d4461f21 . Research Goal The main goal of the research component of the “Freedom of Creation” project was to gain insight into the perception of space by inmates and professional staff at the Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar, Penitentiary in Turopolje, Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje and Probation Office Zagreb I, with the aim of improving general residence conditions in these spaces for both inmates and officers. Their perception of space was examined before and after implementing the artistic interventions (mural painting). Respondent sample The respondent sample consists of a total of 105 officers from the Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar, Penitentiary in Turopolje, Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje and Probation Office Zagreb I. It also includes 119 criminal offenders from the above institutions, 31 of which are juveniles. Graph 1 displays the officer sample distribution per penal institution, while Graph 2 displays the criminal offender distribution per penal institution.

Graf 1 Officer sample distribution

22%

23%

Prison in Rijeka Penitentiary in Turopolje Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje

14% 28% 13%

Probation Office Zagreb I Prison in Bjelovar

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Graf 2 Inmate and juvenile offender sample distribution

Prison in Rijeka

17%

25%

Penitentiary in Turopolje 21%

11%

Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje Probation Office Zagreb I

26%

Prison in Bjelovar

Data Collection Method Data on the perception of space before implementing the artistic interventions was gathered two weeks prior to the commencement of project activities in the penal institutions involved in the project, while data relating to the perception of space after the artistic interventions were performed was gathered two weeks after their implementation in penal institutions. The samples were collected from June 2021 to December 2021. Members of the professional staff of the institutions involved in the project participated in the collection of data, which was conducted via a questionnaire. Participation in the research was voluntary and anonymous, while the participants were assured that the data would be used solely for scientific purposes and for the purpose of improving the conditions of their imprisonment. Measurement Instruments Several questionnaires were created in order to obtain data on the perception of exterior space, in accordance with the specific features of individual institutions:

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• Questionnaire on the perception of space for inmates in the Prison in Rijeka – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for officers of the Prison in Rijeka – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for inmates in the Prison in Bjelovar – before and after implementing artistic interventions

• Questionnaire on the perception of space for officers of the Prison in Bjelovar – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for inmates in the Penitentiary in Turopolje – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for officers of the Penitentiary in Turopolje – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for juvenile offenders in the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for officers of the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for offenders undergoing probation – before and after implementing artistic interventions • Questionnaire on the perception of space for officers of the Probation Office Zagreb I – before and after implementing artistic interventions Questionnaires administered before implementing the artistic interventions consisted of 12 variables, while those examining the perception of space after the mural painting consisted of 10 variables. It should be noted that, in addition to structured variables, the survey questionnaires also included free expression in the form of suggestions for the improvement of penal institution interiors and the ability to give suggestions, proposals and advice to project implementers for the purpose of creating higher quality future projects with similar content. Data Processing Methods The data was processed using the SPSS for Windows v27 software by applying the descriptive analysis method. Considering the specific features of the institutions in question in relation to the population residing in them, the results will be broken down into three units: • Penitentiary in Turopolje, Prison in Rijeka and Prison in Bjelovar – adult criminal offenders • Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje • Probation Office Zagreb I – criminal offenders serving their sentence on parole 138

Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar and Penitentiary in Turopolje An analysis of the differences in the perception of space between the penal institutions listed (the chisquared test) showed that there are no statistically significant differences in the perception of space by the employed officers and inmates before and after the mural painting. For that reason, data for all three penal institutions (Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar and Penitentiary in Turopolje) in this chapter will be presented cumulatively. Perception of space by prison officers before implementing artistic interventions A total of 76 respondents participated in the investigation of the perception of space in the Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar and Penitentiary in Turopolje, 59.2% male and 40.8% female, with an average age of 45.3. The greatest number of respondents were affiliated with the Department of Security (50%), while the remainder of the respondents was evenly distributed between the Department of Financial Accounting, the Treatment Department and the Department of Administrative Affairs (14.5%). Most respondents found the penal institution space to be uninteresting and off-putting. Only 20% of respondents found the space in question to be comfortable (Graph 3).

Graf 3 Experience of penal institution space before painting - officers fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull off-putting empty 0

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Most officers considered the implementation of artistic interventions in penal institutions to be a good idea (76.8%), while 73% of the officers believe certain changes in the penal institution spaces to be necessary. A total of 64.3% of respondents believe artistic interventions would increase the feeling of com-

fort while residing in the space, while 53% believe painting the space would help inmates better adapt to prison conditions (a third of the respondents state that they are unable to provide an evaluation). As many as 64% of respondents believe painting the space would have a positive effect on the atmosphere and stress reduction. More than half of the respondents (65.3%) support the space painting initiative in the penal institutions where they are employed. Perception of penal institution space by officers after implementing artistic interventions A total of 39 officers of the Prison in Bjelovar, Prison in Rijeka and Penitentiary in Turopolje participated in the research, 33.3% male and 66.7% female, with an average age of 43.2. Most respondents work in the Security Department (40.8%) and Treatment Department (35.6%). A large majority of respondents believe the artistic interventions implemented had a positive effect on the feeling of comfort while residing in the space (89.7%). Graph 4 shows the change in the perception of space after the mural painting in the penal institutions, where most respondents now display a more positive perception of the space than that prior to the painting.

Graf 4 Experience of penal institution space after painting - officers

same as before painting fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull off-putting 0

Almost all respondents (90%) believe the painting of penal institution spaces to be a good idea, while more than half of the

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respondents (65%) believe the painting has had an impact on stress reduction during residence in the penal institution, as well as on improving the atmosphere. Most officers believe other penal institutions should be painted as well (76%). Perception of penal institution space by inmates before implementing artistic interventions A total of 75 inmates were included in the investigation of the perception of space in the Prison in Bjelovar, Prison in Rijeka and the Penitentiary in Turopolje, mainly male (96%), with an average age of 41.3, most of whom have graduated from high school (53%). Graph 5 shows that inmates mainly find the penal institution space to be uninteresting, off-putting and empty. A large majority of respondents (80.1%) have previously given thought to the necessity of redecorating penal institutions (basic wall painting, changing the colour of the woodwork, new beds, closets etc.), and find mural painting in penal institution spaces to be a good idea.

Graf 5 Experience of penal institution space before painting - inmates

fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull off-putting empty 0

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As many as 82% of inmates believe mural painting would contribute to the feeling of comfort while residing in the spaces, while 80% of inmates in the sample think it would aid them to better adjust to prison conditions. More than half of the respondents (68%) believe artistic interventions into the space would improve the atmosphere and have an impact on stress reduction. A large majority of the inmates surveyed (83%) support the space painting initiative in the penal institutions where they are residing.

Perception of penal institution space by inmates after implementing artistic interventions A total of 44 inmates participated in the examination of the perception of space after the mural painting, 90% male and 10% female, with an average age of 35.4, most of whom have graduated from high school (63%). A large majority of respondents believe the artistic interventions implemented have had a positive effect on the feeling of comfort while residing in the space (82%), while 76% of the respondents believe the painting of the space to be a good idea. Graph 6 displays the experience of the space of the penal institutions after painting. The results indicate a positive evaluation, with inmates stating that they now find the space to be more fulfilled and interesting, and more comfortable to stay in. A smaller section of the respondents (18.2%) find the place to be the same as before the painting.

Graf 6 Experience of penal institution space after painting - inmates same as before painting fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull empty 0

More than half of the respondents surveyed believe the artistic interventions have contributed to the feeling of comfort while residing in the space (65.4%) and that they have had a positive impact on stress reduction (59.7%). Most respondents believe other penal institutions within the prison system of the Republic of Croatia should be painted as well.

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Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje Perception of space by prison officers before implementing artistic interventions The examination of the perception of space at the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje included 35.7% of male and 64.3% of female officers with an average age of 45.5. Most respondents were employed at the Treatment Department (78.6%) and the Department of Security (21.4%). As shown in Graph 7, most respondents find the space of the Correctional Institution to be off-putting and empty (88.5%), while only 11.4% respondents find it to be comfortable.

Graf 7 Experience of theJuvenile Correctional Institution space before painting - officers

comfortable off-putting empty 0

A large majority of respondents (80.1%) have previously given thought to the necessity of redecorating the above space, while as many as 85.3% believe the interior and exterior redecoration of the space to be extremely important and indispensable. An equally high respondent ratio (85.7%) believes painting the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution would contribute to the feeling of comfort while residing in the space and would help its users adapt to the space more easily and to a greater extent. Additionally, a large number of the officers surveyed believe the painting would contribute to improving the atmosphere and reducing stress, and they fully support the initiative to paint the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje (85.7%). Perception of penal institution space by officers after implementing artistic interventions 143

The examination of the perception of the space of the Juvenile

Correctional Institution in Turopolje after implementing the artistic interventions included 17 officers, 70.6% female and 29.4% male, with an average age of 42.3. Most respondents were employed at the Treatment Department (70.6%) and the Department of Security (23.5%). All respondents agree that the artistic interventions have had a positive effect on the feeling of comfort while residing in the space, while 82.3% emphasised that they now feel much more comfortable at the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution. After the mural painting, 58.8% of the respondents defined the space as fulfilled and interesting, while 41.2% found it to be comfortable to stay in, as shown in Graph 8.

Graf 8 Experience of the Juvenile Correctional Institution space after painting - officers

fulfilled and interesting comfortable

A large majority of respondents (88.2%) find the painting of the space to be an excellent idea, but were unable to evaluate the extent to which the artistic interventions impacted stress reduction at the facility – only 47.1% of officers stated that the painting of the space has had an impact on stress level reduction. Nevertheless, most of the officers surveyed (84.2%) believe other penal institutions within the prison system should be painted as well. Perception of space by juvenile offenders residing in the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje – before implementing artistic interventions A total of 31 juvenile offenders with an average age of 17.5 participated in the investigation of the perception of space before implementing artistic interventions. Most respondents have not graduated from elementary school (45.2%), while 38.7% have graduated from elementary school and 12.9% have graduated from high school.

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Most respondents find the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution to be uninteresting (42%), empty (29.4%) and off-putting (19.4%), as shown in Graph 9, while as many as 93.3% have previously given thought to its redecoration (basic wall painting, changing the furniture colour, new beds, closets etc.) and believe both interior and exterior decoration of the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution to be extremely important (87%), and that this was a good and commendable idea.

Graf 9 Experience of the Juvenile Correctional Institution space before painting - juvenile offenders

fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull off-putting empty 0

A large number of users (78%) believe mural painting would contribute to the feeling of comfort while residing in the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution, while all respondents agree that painting of the space would help them adapt better and to a greater extent, and reduce stress levels. The initiative to paint the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje was fully supported by 87% of the juvenile offenders surveyed. Perception of space by juvenile offenders residing in the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje – after implementing artistic interventions The examination of the perception of space at the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje after the mural painting included 30 juvenile offenders with an average age of 17.5. These are mainly minors who have graduated from elementary (56.8%) or high school (24.3%).

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Nearly all respondents (96.7%) stated that the implemented artistic interventions have had a positive effect on the feeling of comfort while residing in the space and that they now feel better there.

Graph 10 displays the experience of the space of the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje after painting. Most respondents now clearly display a more positive perception of the space. Namely, 36.7% of the respondents find the space to be more fulfilled and more interesting after the painting, while 30% find it more comfortable than earlier.

Graf 10 Experience of the Juvenile Correctional Institution space after painting - juvenile offenders

fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull off-putting empty 0

Nearly all respondents (93%) find the mural painting at the Juvenile Correctional Institution to be a good idea, while 87.3% of the respondents believe the artistic interventions have had an impact on stress reduction. Most juvenile offenders surveyed (78.6%) believe other penal institutions in the prison system of the Republic of Croatia should be painted as well.

Probation Office Zagreb I Perception of space by prison officers before implementing artistic interventions A total of 15 officers participated in the investigation of the perception of space at the Probation Office Zagreb I before the mural painting, 93.3% female and 6.7% male. Graph 11 displays data showing the perception of the space of the Probation Office Zagreb I before implementing the artistic interventions. As seen on the graph, most probation officers found their workplace comfortable before the painting as well (72%), while only 20% found it to be empty.

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Graf 11 Experience of the Probation Office space before painting - officers 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

empty

dull

comfortable

Respondent opinions were divided when they were asked whether they had given any thought to the redecoration of the space of the Probation Office. Namely, 50% have given thought to the necessity of redecoration, while 50% of the officers surveyed believe redecoration of their workplace to be unnecessary. This data is unsurprising when viewed in light of their experience of this space, where most respondents found the space to be comfortable. These results are further strengthened by the opinion of one third of the respondents that decoration of the space of the Probation Office Zagreb I is unnecessary. Nevertheless, 46.7% of respondents believe the space should be decorated (Graph 12).

Graf 12 What do you think about the idea to decorate the space of the Probation Office?

unnecessary I have never thought about indispensable a good idea 0

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Despite a positive perception of the space even before the painting, most of the probation officers surveyed nonetheless believe that mural painting would contribute to a feeling of comfort and a better atmosphere while residing in the space (68.6%), which would lead to a reduction in stress levels. Additionally, a large majority of respondents support the initiative to paint the space of the Probation Office Zagreb I (81%).

Perception of space by probation officers after implementing artistic interventions into the space A total of 13 respondents participated in the investigation of the perception of space after the mural painting at the Probation Office Zagreb I, 15.45% male and 84.65% female. Most respondents (77%) believe that artistic interventions have had a positive impact on the feeling of comfort while residing in the space. Graph 13 displays results concerning the perception of the space after the painting. Most respondents found the space to be comfortable (46.2%) and fulfilled and interesting (30.8%). There were no greater differences in relation to the experience of the space before the painting as most respondents had already found their workplace to be comfortable.

Graf 13 Experience of the Probation Office space after painting - officers

same as before fulfilled and interesting comfortable off-putting 0

Most respondents found the implementation of artistic interventions in the Probation Office Zagreb I to have been a good idea (71%), while 29% of officers found it unnecessary. Although most officers felt that the artistic interventions contributed to the atmosphere, their opinions were divided when it came to the impact of the painting of the space on stress levels. Namely, 53.9% of officers found the implemented artistic interventions to have had some impact on stress reduction, while 41% of respondents believed the opposite to be the case. It should be noted that this variable is rather hard to evaluate given the small temporal offset and that an examination of the impact of artistic interventions on stress reduction should be carried out after a prolonged period of residence in the space. Most respondents (67%) believed other probation offices in the Republic of Croatia should be painted as well.

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Perception of space by the users of the Probation Office Zagreb I before implementing artistic interventions A total of 13 users participated in the investigation of the perception of space at the Probation Office Zagreb I before mural painting, mainly males (93%) who have graduated from high school (85.7%). Results relating to the perception of space at the Probation Office Zagreb I indicate that the users, namely criminal offenders, mainly find the above space to be comfortable (46.2%), with equal numbers finding it to be fulfilled and interesting (23.1%) as well as empty (23.1%), as shown in Graph 14.

Graf 14 Experience of the Probation Office space before painting - users

fulfilled and interesting comfortable dull empty 0

Most respondents (62.3%) have not given any thought to the necessity of redecorating the space of the probation office, while they still believe that decorating the space would be a good idea (72%). Users mainly agreed with the statement that implementing artistic interventions in the space of the probation office would have a positive impact on the feeling of comfort (65.7%) and that it could reduce stress levels while residing in the space to some extent (61.5%). A third of the respondents were unable to evaluate the statements in question. A total of 78.3% of the respondents support the initiative to paint the space of the Probation Office Zagreb I. Perception of space of the Probation Office Zagreb I by users after implementing artistic interventions

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The respondent sample consisted of 11 users of the Probation Office Zagreb I, mainly male (90%).

All respondents agreed that the implemented artistic interventions have had a positive impact on the feeling of comfort while residing in the space, and most of them now feel more comfortable there (67.8%). As shown in Graph 15, the majority of users find the space after painting to be comfortable (54.5%), as well as fulfilled and interesting (36.4%). However, due to the fact that the users perceived of the space as comfortable even before the painting to a larger extent, there is no significant difference in the perception of space before and after the painting, although there is a tendency to perceive of it as more fulfilled and more interesting after the painting.

Graf 15 Experience of the Probation Office space after painting - users 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

dull

comfortable

fulfilled and interesting

A large majority of users (90%) find the painting of the Probation Office to have been a good and indispensable idea, while all the users surveyed found the artistic interventions to have had a positive impact on the feeling of comfort and stress reduction. Respondents agree that other probation offices in the Republic of Croatia should be painted as well. Suggestions and comments from the employees of the penal institutions and the Probation Office Zagreb I As part of the investigation of the perception of space before and after the artistic interventions, the prison system and probation officers felt the need to offer several personal proposals and suggestions. Prison system • “Painting the murals is a terrific idea, a huge hit! But there are many other things in need of repair (the furniture, the sanitary facilities...).” • “Buy newer furniture.” • The Prison in Rijeka particularly suffers from problems with air

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conditioning in rooms used by Department of Security officers. • “Urgent renewal of sanitary facilities.” • “The prison building is old, it needs more important interventions than mural painting.” • “Get the inmates involved in the mural painting.” • Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje was distinguished by the need to install benches and tables (or a gazebo) in the exterior space. • “Go paint your own house, and leave prisons to be prisons, rather than kindergartens with suns, little fish and so on.” • “I like the colours and the motifs, finally a bit of change in all this greyness.” Probation Office Zagreb I • “I suggest that the artists paint on canvases, or that prints of the paintings are made so they could be brought along when moving to a new space.” • “Presentations of the work by the authors contribute to its acceptance and understanding, especially when it is abstract.” • “Consult each officer on their wishes/needs for painting.” • “I do not feel that the mural painting has contributed to creating a more comfortable environment as the space was already very comfortable. Artistic interventions do not fit into this specific space at all.” • “Well done. Whenever I walk past the mural, it cheers me up. Makes me wish I could just walk through it to see what kind of reality is hidden behind it.” Proposals and suggestions by inmates • “Paint the benches on the walkway.” • “MORE of the space should be painted.” • “We can’t live on paintings alone, we need better conditions.” • “Renovate the prison according to EU standards, then do your little paint jobs.” • “Fully paint the walkway, install a speaker in the gym, more workout equipment and a hot water shower.” • “I have nothing but praise for this even though this is not a place where anybody wants to be, including me, but this is the only institution where they gave me advice and help.” • “Do some landscaping... more patriotic motifs on the paintings.” • “We have other walls dying for a paint job, artistic and otherwise.” • “I really like the colours; you’ve brightened up this prison a little.” • “I am not interested in the future of any prison.” 151

Concluding Observations The analysis of the results clearly shows that most officers and criminal offenders viewed the painting of the space where they reside in a positive light, and that their perception of the space after the painting was better than the one before. The above difference is most pronounced in prison system facilities, particularly in the Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje, where users and especially the officers rated the space after implementing the artistic interventions very highly, finding it much more comfortable and interesting. Similar results, with somewhat smaller differences, were noted in the Prison in Bjelovar, Prison in Rijeka and Penitentiary in Turopolje. Both officers and users of the above institutions found the new, painted spaces to have had a positive impact on the atmosphere and on stress level reduction, and highly recommend that other penal institutions in the Republic of Croatia are painted as well. Both officers and users of the Probation Office Zagreb I perceived the space of the office to have already been comfortable before implementing the artistic interventions, while more than a third of the officers believe the space did not need painting at all. However, arithmetic mean scores show a somewhat more positive perception of the space of the Probation Office Zagreb I after the mural painting in the case of the officers and especially the users. It should be noted that the Probation Office Zagreb I is located in a newer, better-preserved space compared to the penal institutions of the prison system, which could be one of the reasons behind the fact that its officers perceive of their workplace as comfortable and believe that it does not necessarily require painting. Nonetheless, most respondents believe it would be a good idea to paint other probation offices in the Republic of Croatia as well. Users of the Probation Office Zagreb I are remarkably satisfied with the painted space and believe this space fosters a better atmosphere, as well as stress reduction. Finally, it is important to note that inmates in each penal institution painting project so far, including this one, emphasized the importance of painting the spaces where they reside and were pleased with these ideas and their ultimate implementation, but also continually asserted the need to change the deteriorated woodwork and the importance of ensuring basic hygienic conditions. The “Freedom of Creation” project, which covered the largest number of prison and probation system facilities up until now, has brought renewed attention to the importance of aestheticizing space, and how this affects the people residing in it.

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IMPRESUM/ IMPRESSUM

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Nakladnik/Publisher: Hrvatsko društvo likovnih umjetnika/Croatian Association of Artists, Trg žrtava fašizma 16, 10 000 Zagreb, hdlu@hdlu.hr, www.hdlu.hr Za nakladnika/For the Publisher: Tomislav Buntak, Predsjednik/President Ravnateljica/Director: Ivana Andabaka Autorica i voditeljica projekta/ Project Author and Manager: Melinda Šefčić, dr. art./PhD Asistentica na projektu/ Project Assistant: Zrinka Bačić i Marija Kamber Umjetnici/Artists: Jelena Bando, Tomislav Buntak, Nikola Grabovac, Tea Jurišić (Kvar illustration), Teo Kiš, Ivo Kosanović, Slaven Kosanović (Lunar), Jadranka Lacković (oojomagicoo), Tomislav Lončarić (Lonac), Tea Lovrić, Agata Lučić, Vida Meić, Marina Mesar (Oko), Ines Milčić (pekmezmed), Miron Milić, Mario Miličić (Mane Mei), Miroslav Petković (Modul), Lav Paripović, Goran Rakić, Klara Rusan (Klarxy), Damir Sobota, Ivan Stanišić, Pavle Tandara (Poster), Vladimir Tomić (Mosk) i Melinda Šefčić Istraživači/Researchers: Anita Jandrić Nišević, dr.sc./PhD, Melinda Šefčić, dr. art./PhD Predgovor/Preface: Melinda Šefčić, dr. art./PhD Autori tekstova/Text Authors: Anita Jandrić Nišević, dr.sc./PhD, Melinda Šefčić, dr. art./PhD Urednica kataloga/ Catalogue Editor: Melinda Šefčić, dr. art./PhD

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Vizualni identitet i grafičko oblikovanje kataloga/Visual Identity and Catalogue Design: Duje Medić

Fotografija/Photography: Ivo Kosanović Prijevod i lektura/ Translation and Proofreading: Zana Šaškin Tisak/Printed by: Sveučilišna tiskara d.o.o. Naklada/Print Run: 300 I S B N : 978-953-8098-55-0 C I P : zapis je dostupan na računalnome katalogu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 001134394 C I P : record is available in the computer catalogue of the National and University Library in Zagreb under the number 001134394 Zahvale/Acknowledgments: Ministarstvo pravosuđa i uprave Republike Hrvatske, Kaznionica u Turopolju, Odgojni zavod u Turopolju, Probacijski ured Zagreb I, Zatvor u Rijeci, Zatvor u Bjelovaru, Zatvor u Zagrebu/ Ministry of Justice and Administration of the Republic of Croatia, Penitentiary in Turopolje, Juvenile Correctional Institution in Turopolje, Probation Office Zagreb I, Prison in Rijeka, Prison in Bjelovar, Prison in Zagreb Organizator/Organiser: HDLU / Croatian Association of Artists Partneri/Partners: Akademija likovnih umjetnosti Sveučilišta u Zagrebu/Academy of Fine Arts, University of Zagreb Uz potporu/Financially Supported by: Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave Republike Hrvatske/Ministry of Justice and Administration of the Republic of Croatia

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