He Liang Portfolio 2021

HE LIANG / PORTFOLIO S elected Works

ACADEMIC WORK

[58-63]

NO.188 FLAT RENOVATION

[64-67]

GUSHAN VILLAGE

A CITY PATCH

[04-13]

VAUXHALL FIREWORK PARK

[14-35]

COLLECTIVE PERFORMANCE

[36-45]

THE NEW SPIRAL

[46-57]

PROFESSIONAL WORK

01 A CITY PATCH Fall 2019, MArch 1 Location: Paris, France Collaborator: Chunxiao Wu Skills: Physical Model Making, Vray, Rhino, Adobe Suite

A City Patch aims at connecting production to residential activities, weaving together life and work in a seamless piece of urban fabric. The city is seen as an organic assemblage of different functions that gradually find a balance in a dynamic equilibrium. Bringing productive activities in direct connection, or in close proximity, to housing generates a layered, three-dimensional model for continuous spatial growth and programmatic integration. In this context, privacy and freedom are articulated by material arrangements that define varying degrees of porosity and transparency while, at the same time, allowing circulation within the complex.

RENDER

SOLID & TRANSPARENT The program explores the impact of multiple levels with different materials and transparency on living and working areas within a specific space, combines solid and transparent materials in the form of weaving. And the rules could be found in the following diagrams.

A - FOLLOWING THE PATTERN Combining the plane representing solid or transparent together like weaving, creating different material properties, under the axis control.

B - FOLLOWING THE FUNCTION Specific functions, such as basic needed spaces for life and work, are placed into the plane according to weaving rules.

C - CONTROLLING DIAGRAM According to the limitation of functions and materials, some conflicting faces were eliminated, and the space was filled with elements representing different degrees of openness as the controlling diagram is showing.

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Solid Axis in the Living Area Solid Axis in the Working Area Transparent Axis in the Living Area Solid Axis in the Living Area

STRUCTURE

TRANSPARENCY

PROGRAM

DIAGRAMMATIC PLANS

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RENDER OF THE INTERIOR

SCHEME ANALYSIS The whole site is designed in the form of weaving on an urban scale. Working and living areas meet each other in an orthogonal way, with the interior walls of different transparency. At the structural level, the load-bearing wall combined with the beam-column system is used to carry the load. And the visibility is mainly controlled by solid wall and glass wall, which also helps to distinguish the function of the interior space. The whole site is just like the mat woven with silk threads of different depths.

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WAY OF LIFE a lifestyle that allows people to open their windows and curtains freely and make more effective use of indoor and outdoor space. The nature or function of the space would be changed based on visibility to meet the needs in different situation.

DAILY LIFE

THE MAIN IDEA

PRIVATE LIFE

METHODOLOGY

FUNCTION IN HOUSE

OBLIQUE

PRIVATE LIFE

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DAILY LIFE

ORTHOGONAL

Study space is set in the private part, providing a quiet place for people to work in their own house.

The kitchen is the necessary living function in the residence unit.

Triggering many events in life.

The bedroom is close space with simple function in the private part, offering people to rest.

Video room is set in the daily life area, let people enjoy leisure time at home after work.

The entrance space is also placed here to isolate the private life from public.

CATALOG OF SOLID AND TRANSPARENTE

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EXHIBITION HALL A - Spiral Stair - 1 Connecting the main entrance with the second floor.

B - Spiral Stair - 2 Connecting the first floor with the second floor.

C - Main Entrance From the center of the area to the main entrance to enter the building.

D - Spiral Stair - 3 Connecting the second floor with the ground floor.

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EXPLODED AXOMETRICS

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RENDER OF GREEN PARK FIREWORK THEATRE

02.01 FIREWORK & ARCHITECTURE - FIREWORK LINGUISTICS Fall 2019, MArch 2 Location: London, United Kingdom Collaborator: Chunxiao Wu Tutors: Liam Ross, Tolu Onabolu Skills: 3D printing,Vray, Rhino, Grasshopper, After Effects In 1749, in order to celebrate the victory of the Austrian Succession, the British royalty decided to hold a royal firework. George Frideric Handel composed the notable Music for the Royal Fireworks by for this particular event, and the firework display was designed by Giuseppe Sarti.

Based on aesthetic representation and material language, language, we started to trace and reinterpret the forms of the Royal Fireworks by using diagrammatic line drawings. We simplified the fireworks by [routes, force, and direction]. direction].

It had the opposite result comparing to the painting in the newspaper back in 1749. The spectacular aspect was lost.

After we traced and simulated the fireworks in Green Park in another way, with Cinema 4D animation tool, we were again convinced that [frozen 2D representation] on the newspaper was an exaggeration of the actual event. The exaggeration could be on purpose since fireworks were used as a political propaganda tool showing off nation power. Therefore, drawing a dynamic firework two-dimensionally can be seen as long-exposure photography, combining multiple frame captures.

CLICK HERE FOR ANIMATION

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FIREWORK ANALYSIS OF 1749 ROYAL FIREWORKS

wooden frame + [route+force+direction] 3.6

0.0

0.52

0.0

1.15

2.90

3.85

4.30

5.80

6.0

1

2

3

4

5

6

FIRE ROCKETS

WATER ROCKETS

WATER BALLOON

SPIRKLES WHEEL

VERTICAL ROCKET

BULONI

20.0

0.0

8.25

10.5

3.60

3.80

4.60

16.5

20.0

0.0

7

8

9

FOUNTAINS

VERTICAL WHEEL

VERTICAL WHEEL

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FIX’D SUN

FIGHTS OF SKY ROCKETS

BONFIRE FRAME

FIREWORKS AND FIREWORKS FOLIES The Royal Fireworks brought three places into close contact with fire including the rehearsal of the orchestra music in Vauxhall Garden (site 00, 1749.04.21), a fire-interrupted performance on Green Park (site 01, 1749.04.27) and a completed spectacular show on the River Thames, in front of the Whitehall (site 02, 1749.05.15).

Fireworks display in the 17th century was for royal entertainment only. In the early 18th century, fireworks were still an official event with a strong symbolic significance. Architecture took an important role in the fireworks display, the government would build a specific pavilion, which was called ‘Fireworks Machine’.

We wanted to abstract the above concept of exaggeration from the newspaper and applied to architectural design, to make architecture be both frozen and activated fireworks. Our Apparatus is to create a new tool to [translate fireworks linguistics on architecture]. Our translation is based on direction, force, tecture] and route to generate a static structure capturing multiple sequential still images of the moment they burst.

By using our own Apparatus, we transformed the Royal Fireworks into different folies (as firework machine) by using parametric-based design tool Grasshopper because of its potential of alterations for future use.

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FOLIES: TRANSLATE FIREWORKS LINGUISTICS ON ARCHITECTURE parametric design - grasshopper

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RENDER OF GREEN PARK FIREWORK THEATRE

Green Park Pavilion

Front Elevation

Selective Facade for Operation

Disjunction Step One

Disjunction Step Two

Enclosed Open Air Space

Folies Intervention Replaced Facade

MoreConvertible Elements Added

1749.04.27

Introducing the Path

The new fireworks machines and theatres capture the dynamic fireworks as transformational devices s of a [sequential nature]. nature] The sequential nature of our work was partially inspired by Bernard Tschumi’s system of notation, notation which derived from the screenplay principle, defining the event in space and time displaying a three-dimensional version.

Curvature Eelement Integrated

GREEN PARK FIREWORK MACHNIE DISJUNCTION & RECONSTRUCTION FORM GENERATION

Front View Setting

DISGUNCTION & RECONSTRUCTION FORM GENERATION

Cinematic Result

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RENDER OF WHITE HALL FIREWORK THEATRE

Explosion of Fireworks

Plannar View of Explosion

Secondary Explosion

Fireworks 3D Range Simplized

Plannar View of the Fireworks

Symbolic Sun Centrally Located

Radiation Layout

Possibility of Radiation Routes

Possible Folies Arrangment

Intervention Folies Replacement

Cinematic Result

Royal Fireworks at Whitehall 1749.05.15

WHITEHALL FIREWORK THEATRE DISJUNCTION & RECONSTRUCTION FORM GENERATION

DISGUNCTION & RECONSTRUCTION FORM GENERATION

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VAUXHALL FIREWORK PARK II Firespace London Studio

RENDER OF VAUXHALL FIREWORK PARK

02.02 FIREWORK & ARCHITECTURE - VAUXHALL FIREWORK PARK Fall 2019, MArch 2 Location: London, United Kingdom Collaborator: Chunxiao Wu Tutors: Liam Ross, Tolu Onabolu Skills: Cinema 4D, 3D printing,Vray, Rhino, Grasshopper, After Effects A VISUAL ENTERTAINMENT PARK TO EXPLORE THE SPATIAL PLEASURE OF FIREWORK AND ITS ART

We derived three kinds of spatial qualities from the events and reconstructed them with firework-like folies, from the first semester, in Vauxhall Garden in the present time. The design facilities both [outdoor and indoor space] for people visually and physically experience firework and firework-related architecture. The indoor gallery space is evolved from the apparatus of firework-related spatial quality. Learning from Bernard Tschumi’s way to archive Architecture Montage in Parc de la Villette, we find our way to inform a cinematic architecture language and experience. Instead of the conventional way of viewing firework, we introduced restrained (framed) eye-sights to view and participate in an immersive experience. The outdoor grand talk was extracted from Vauxhall Garden (18century)’s supper boxes and other colonnades gallery.

Another contemporary approach of ours could reference to Chinese pyrotechnic artist Cai Guo-Qiang with the use of gunpowder to trigger explosion on monumental architecture in outdoor space and to draw in the paper.

CLICK HERE FOR ANIMATION

23

FIREWORKS STORY IN THE UK The first Royal Fireworks Show began with a celebration for the victory of the Austrian Succession War.There was a full rehearsal of the music in Vauxhall Gardens and not in Green Park. On 21 April 1749 an audience, claimed to be over twelve thousand people, each paying two shillings and six pence (half a crown) rushed to get there, causing a three-hour traffic jam of carriages on London Bridge, the only vehicular route to the area south of the river. And after hundreds of years, fireworks still alive vividly in London. The tradition of setting off fireworks in parks continues to this day on Guy Fawkes day. And most of these parks located in the suburb of the city under the safety concern.

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MAP OF GREEN SPACES IN LONDON

WAYS OF VIEWING FIREWORKS

THE WHITEHALL PERFORMANCE

PLAN

FIREWORKS ARRANGEMENTS ANAYLYSIS

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THE GREEN PARK PERFORMANCE

TATE MODERN PERFORMANCE BY CAIGUOQIANG

CONTEMPORARY FIREWORKS PERFORMANCE

5m

m 10 15m

5m

30 m

5m

5m

10m

5m

S PARAM 10m

15m

FOLIES

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5m

m 10

15m

5m

30 m

5m

5m

10m

5m

SAFETY DISTANCE FOR VIEWING FIREWORK METRIC DESIGN ON SITE BY GRASSHOPPER

By design, we wanted to bring the fireworks show back to Vauxhall Garden in a safe way. When redesigning the Vauxhall garden, we used the parametric way to generate tangent circles with a radius of 25/15/8 meter as the safety distance of three common scales of the celebration fireworks.

10m

15m

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RENDER OF VAUXHALL FIREWORK PARK

THE VAUXHALL GARDEN CONCEPTUAL DRAWINGS Z Range of Visibility

Time Allocation

The conceptual and theoretical idea was always about contrast. Fire(work) itself is self-contradictory existence. Back in the 18century, gunpowder was used for war and the celebration of victory. The scary sound and extraordinary color scene cheer people as a political tool. The canvas dark night can be suddenly lighted up by these mixed chemicals. everlasting event; while architecture and firework are born to be consumed.

X

Y

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90°

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FIREWORKS GALLERY AXO

FIREWORKS EXHIBITION HALL AXO

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C. SHUTTLE RUN ROUTE

B. TIME ROUTE

A. DISTANCE ROUTE

c

a b

THREE ROUTES RENDERS

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WIN

VIE

FARMED VIEW

IEW

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COMPOSITIONAL DRAWING

EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC OF THE MAIN BUILDING

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CIN

EXPLODED AXONOMETRIC

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1

2 5

4 3

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PLAN - GROUND FLOOR 1:500 6

8

1 - Indoor Firework Exhibition Space 2 - Office 3 - Indoor Explosion Site 4 - Reception 5 - Video Room 6 - The Grand Walk 7 - Fireworks Folies 8 - Firewall

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03 URBAN PERFORMANCE Fall 2016, MA Year 3 Location: Old Town, Edinburgh Collaborator: Andy Xiong, Sarah Su Studio Tutor: Migual Parades Skills: Arduino, Physical Model Making, Vray, Rhino, Adobe Suite Data has become a crucial part of our urban life - our social, political and financial behaviors are recorded and analyzed through scripts; the services modern companies offer are based on Big Data stored in the cloud; computational designs are created using complex systems of geometric transformations. The immaterial data now has a great impact on the material world.

In this project, as an investigation into the new relationship between the material and immaterial, architecture and data, data, my design considers the urban fabric as a homogeneous mixture of built structures which are woven together by various social behaviors. In particular, this project looks at the social behaviors orbiting around street performance. performance.

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HOTSPOTS FOR STREET PERFORMANCE

PERFORMER’S STREET | Building a sensory trolley

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PERFORMER’S STREET | Building a sensory trolley

NARRATIVE & ARDUINO As the city of street performance, each year Edinburgh attracts numerous artists, musicians and tourists to its annual festival during the summer. The busking tradition still remains in the urban landscape of Edinburgh even after the festival.

Through light, tilt and shock sensors equiped on the trolley, these territorial data are mapped upon the three-dimensional landscape of Old Town showing the corelation between the common busking spots and the territorial data.

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es

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tion

The first device however, due to the nature of plywood and the thickness of the material, performed poorly on Edinburgh’s stone pavements. The same reason also caused the laptop powering the sensors to take damage from trembling.

Hence we designed the second device to be made of wooden blocks and a transparent case shielding the sensors from the rainy weather.

Angular Movement

In this version, we developed a new mechanism using the same tilt and shock sensors with a newly added piezo sensor to collect translated street data of the angular, horizontal and vertical movements of the sensors.

With the new design, the second device recorded more reliable data from travelling over the network of routes.

Horizontal Movement

Elevations 1:8 Plan 1:4

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Vertical Movement

•fabrication of a sensory device •simulates the movement of a street performer's trolley •captures the territorial data along the path

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THE NARRATIVE Three parametric interventions are placed along the streets of performance as a series of scenes in a performance. Taking Edinburgh's famous horror story, Burke & Hare as the basis for human-architecture interactions, these anthropomorphic structures aim to induce a unique form of social behavior with human audience at the respective public square, both during and after the performance.

grassmarket

st giles cathedral

old college

•simulates the movement of a street performer's trolley •captures the territorial data along the path •re-activates urban spaces •designs a series of interactive architectural intervention acting as a performer themselves •aims to create a urban-scale performance played collectively by both the devices and humans.

SITE MAP

THE STORY OF BURKE & HARE William Burke and William Hare met in Log’s lodge house at Tanner’s Close. The two started a lucrative business of body-snatching for the anatomy school.

One of the lodger died in the lodging house, owning a few pounds in rent.The lodger’s body was soon discovered by Hare and sold to Dr. Knox.

Scene I: Murder of the Lodger Another lodger fell ill, but his decline was too slow for the impatient Burke and Hare. They suffocated the sick lodger and sent his body again to Dr. Knox, taking another few pounds in return.

This occasion marks the beginning of the serial murder.

Burke and Hare discovered a systematic way of making bodies: first they select a victim who can disappear without being noticed, next they befriend the victim and get the person drunk at Tanner’s Close, the final step is simply to suffocate the barely conscious victim and take the body to Dr. Knox.

Scene II: Lecture of Dr. Knox Dr. Knox was fully aware of the business that Burke and Hare were doing for the seemingly endless supply of cadavers. The fresh corpses that Dr. Knox was able to present at his anatomical classes soon attracted numerous medical students. Although some corpses may be recognised by the students, he always managed cover the matters and dissect the bodies till unrecognisable.

The reckless murderers could not put up with a careful selection process for the suitable victim in Edinburgh. Their horrific crime finally came to surface when they brought home a woman called Mrs Docherty. The lady was seen drinking with Burke and Hare in the house, but after the other people came back from buying more drinks, the lady went missing. Her body was found underneath the bed and covered with straws.

As Burke, Hare and their lovers (Margaret Laird and Helen MacDougal) were arrested, Hare and his lady friend managed to save themselves by turning King’s evidence and appearing as witnesses for the prosecution in Burke and MacDougal’s trial. MacDougal was set free after a verdict of not proven, only Burke was sentenced to death.

Scene III: Execution of Burke Burke was hanged on 28th of January, 1829. He appeared relieved before the execution and even hastened up the scaffold in front of a large crowd of jeering spectators. His body was then publicly dissected and the skeleton was still displayed in the University of Edinburgh.

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i: grassmarket

PERSPECTIVE DRAWING

MODEL PHOTO

PHYSICAL MODEL DETAIL

INTERVENTION MURDER OF A LODGER This intervention retells the story through the movement of the mechanic arm.

The lodger fell ill, but his decline was too slow for the impatient Burke and Hare. They suffocated the sick lodger and sent his body again to Dr. Knox, taking another few pounds in return. This occasion marks the beginning of the serial murder.

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SITE PLAN, GRASSMARKET

INTERIOR WITH SENSOR

PLASTER BOARD

EXTERNAL CLADDING

MECHANICAL ARM

ASSEMBLED TOGETHER

SECTION BEFORE MOVEMENT

RAISED UP BY THE ARM

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SITE ELEVATION

TIMBER FRAME STRUCTURE

SECTION OF MOVEMENT

RENDER OF THE INTERIOR WITH SHADOW

ii: old college courtyard

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

PERSPECTIVE DRAWING

INTERVENTION LECTURE OF DR KNOW This intervention retells the story through the split of the carts.

Dr. Knox was fully aware of the business that Burke and Hare were doing for the seemingly endless supply of cadavers. The fresh corpses that Dr. Knox presented at his anatomical classes soon attracted numerous medical students.

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PHYSICAL MODEL DETAIL

88'-35 16"

61'-51 8"

61'-51 8"

88'-35 16" 88'-35 16"

88'-35 16" 88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

88'-35 16"

corpes

Dr. Knox SITE SECTION, OLD COLLEGE

PERSPECTIVE RENDER

BASE

STRUCTURAL FRAME SET

FRONT ELEVATION SHOWING MOVEMENT

FRAME

STAIR LEADING TO THE PODIUM

FRAME WITH ATTRACTORS

PODIUM

FRAME SET WITH BASE

SECONDARY TIMBER FRAME

ALL

ALL

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A

B

B

A

PLAN BEFORE 'EXECUTION'

A

B

B

A

PLAN AFTER 'EXECUTION'

MOVEMENT

iii: st giles cathedral PERSPECTIVE DRAWING

INTERVENTION EXCUTION OF BURKE This intervention retells the story through the split of the carts.

Burke was hanged on 28th of January, 1829. He appeared relieved before the execution and even hastened up the scaffold in front of a large crowd of jeering spectators. His body was then publicly dissected and the skeleton was still displayed in the University of Edinburgh.

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MODEL PHOTO

audience walking into the gallery triggering the sensor

SECTION B-B BEFORE 'EXECUTION'

level remains horizontal

10m

5m

1m

0m

SECTION B-B 'EXECUTED EXECUTED'

excuted

view range

audience SECTION A-A 10m

BASE W/ WHEELS AND MOTORS

STRUCTURAL FRAME

5m

FRAME AND BASE

1m

0m

GLAZING

GLAZING FITTED

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RENDER

04. THE NEW SPIRAL Summer 2018, MA Year 4 Location: Tokyo, Japan Tutors: Liam Ross Skills: Concept extraction from Historical Architecture, Model making, Vray, Rhino, Adobe Suite The projaect uses lessons learned from Castle architecture to re-design a department store in central Tokyo, Fumiko Maki's celebrated Spiral building. I reconfigures the architectural promenade of this building, following scenographic, sections and planometric patterns taken from Himeji. The shopping experience - like that of the attacking force - is one of a protracted, twisting and turning route, thrugh a sectionally elevating landscape, towards a new-reached destination. By contrast, from any point, quick and direct exit routes are available, in the event of fire.

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ABSTRACTION FROM HIMEJI CASTLE As a product of war and nation-building process, the Castle typology is an exemplary example of vernacular Japanese architecture, owning to its structural beauty and harmony, but more importantly to its well-thought spatial sequence. Himeji Castle, as the most well-preserved of its type, is the subject of my study.

I focused the study on how Himeji Castle employs the concept of oku to create a sense of protection for its occupants in war time. Oku, or depth, is established within the castle complex through its use of planar and sectional obstacles, e.g. moat, wall, level change and defensive tower. These obstacles and elements are designed to form at least three types of routes: the enemy approach, the defensive path, and the escape/alternative way.

By extracting the rules of circulation and spatial order from the castle, I tried applied them to the modern commerical building, Spira l Building by Fumihiko Maki.

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B

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GATES ANALYSIS DIAGRAM

G

start final destination (tower) gates (size increases in direct proportion to visibility of the gate) B

Y B

C G

courts courts with secret gate enemy approach defensive path the escape/alternative way

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Residence

螺旋布局

Donjon Types

日 本 日 JAPANESE CASTLE ELEMENTS 日の 日本のお城元素 本 本 お Residence 塔のTower の城 Three お categories of watch towers exist, the main お tower Gates 城 元(tenshukaku),the subsidiary tower (shoten城and shu) 素 the corner tower (sumi-yagura). The main 元 tower, Gates 元 素 the highest and the largest building og the 門 castle used for observation and as a 素 compound, was螺旋布局 Spiral sequence

Outer Moat

Japanese Castle Elements

dences of the areas where there leadersInand their supThree categories of portingwere troopslarge had military to watch towers exist, organisations, the resibe strongly protected.

Inner Moat

二

the main tower (tendences of the shukaku), the subsidileaders and their supary tower (shotenshu) porting troops had to Three categories of the corner tower be and strongly protected. watch towers exist, of Three categories 化妝櫓 (sumi-yagura).

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The est and the largest command post for 門 In areas whereathere main tower, the highbuilding og the castle were large military military activities. est and the largest

イ プ

丸 Ninomaru

平城 ひらじろ Hirajiru

Donjon Types

绳 三 张

丸 Sanomaru

Japanese Castle Elements Japanese Castle Elements Japanese Castle Elements

a command post for guarded by watchtowactivities. ersmilitary from which the

command post for military Spiral sequence activities

located at enemyGates could are be fired strategic military upon. A comprehenpoints within the sive range of gate types castle complex, exist in Himeji Castleusually guardedcomplex. by watchtow化妝櫓

Residence

LINEAR Diagram of Hirajiru

Outer Moat

These gates were usualenemy could be fired 化妝櫓 Gates ly constructed large building A residence upon.

Aof comprehen門 of with timbers protected sive range gate types was added to the comof copper or Aplating residence building existplex in Himeji Castle iniron.

1618 for the wasareadded comGates locatedtoatthe 化妝櫓

Inner Moat

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二

丸 Ninomaru

marriagecomplex. of Tokuga-

leaders and their supporting troops had to These gates were usualbe strongly protected. ly constructed of large

天 守 タ イ プ

Three categories of watch towers exist, the main tower (tenshukaku), the subsidiary tower (shotenshu) and the corner tower (sumi-yagura). The main tower, the highest and the largest building og the castle compound, was used for observation and as a command post for military activities.

approaches to a Castle, three types of ditches were used: areas filled with water, wide sitches, and tracts of mud 堀·石垣 or swamp. Of these, the water-filled moat Ditches & the the (hori) afforded For protecting best guarantee against Stonework approaches to a Castle, penetration. The steep 門 堀·石垣 threeoftypes slope ditch of canditches were used: areas prevent enemies from filled 門 with are water, wide For protecting thelocated climbing up.atsitchGates approaches tostrategic a Castle, es, and tracts of mud military three types of ditches Gates are located or swamp.

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complex. These gates were usually constructed of large timbers protected with plating of copper or iron.

Walltimbers Building protected with complex. sive range of gate types

平城 ひらじろ Hirajiru

化妝櫓

Donjon Types

Donjon Types

Donjon Types

A residence building was added to the complex in 1618 for the marriage of Tokugawa Hidetada ’s eldest daughter, Senhime.

In areas where there were large military organisations, the residences of the leaders and their supporting troops had to be strongly protected.

ers from the The steep stone base which complex. ly constructed of large tioned to deter enemy enemy could be fired (ishigaki) also functimbers protected with tioned toupon. deter enemy advancement, and proAofcomprehenplating copper or usualThese gates were advancement, and protect the castle from the sive range of gate types iron. of large tect the castle ly from the constructed frequent earthquakes. in Himeji Castle frequentexist earthquakes.

plating of 橹copper or iron.

These gates were usual-

Wall buildings (tamon) ly constructed of large served storage spaces,with timbers protected are entered from inner plating of copper or side with outer side iron. served as part of the castle wall.

Residence

化妝櫓

A residence building was added to the complex in 1618 for the marriage of Tokugawa Hidetada ’s eldest daughter, Senhime.

In areas where there were large military organisations, the residences of the leaders and their supporting troops had to be strongly protected.

Gates 門

天 守 タ 天イ 守プ

Gates are located at strategic military points within the castle complex, usually guarded by watchtowers from which the enemy could be fired upon. A comprehensive range of gate types exist in Himeji Castle complex.

Donjon Types

These gates were usually constructed of large timbers protected with plating of copper or iron.

Hirajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

平城 ひらじろ Hirajiru

Usually山城 designedおかじろ at a flat ground site

Wakajiru

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 （Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru 三丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

三

丸 Sanomaru

橹 Wall Wall堀·石垣 Building

Wall buildings (tamon) Forspaces, protecting the served storage are entered from inner approaches to a Castle, Wall buildings (tamon) side with outer sideof ditches three types served as storage spaces, wereserved used: areas filled part of theare castle wall. from inner entered

with water, wide sitchwith es, andside tracts ofouter mud side ForOfprotecting served as the or swamp. these,

Stonework

approaches to awall.

Castle, Trap Doors & of the castle thepart water-filled moat 堀·石垣 three typesthe of ditches (hori) afforded Wall Openings were used: areas filled best guarantee against

CONCENTRIC Diagram of Wakajiru

Wakajiru: 平山城 ひらやまじろ A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

Hirayamajiru

Usually designed at a flat ground site

Usually designed at a mountain site The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top of the mountain.

Diagram of Hirajiru

Hirajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

Hirajiru: 山城 おかじろ

A kind of castle siteWakajiru arrangement for protection purpose.

Diagram of Wakajiru

Wakajiru:

石落とし· 塀 Trap Doors & Wall Openings Trap doors for dropping stones (ishiotoshi) served to protect vulnerable corner sections against enemy Gates Trap Doors & forces trying to climb 門 the walls. Wall openings for Wall Openings weapons served for firing upon the enemy, the shape Gates are located at strategic military of the aperturepoints varying with the weapon used. within the

penetration.

The steep withprotecting water, wide For thesitchslope ditch can of mud es,ofand approaches to atracts Castle, prevent enemies fromOf these, Trap forofdropor swamp. threedoors types ditches climbing up. stones the(ishiotoshi) water-filled were used: areas filled moat Trapping Doors & served to protect vul(hori) afforded with wide sitch- the Thewater, steep base cornerstone sections Wall nerable Openings best guarantee against es, and tracts of mud (ishigaki) alsoforces funcagainst enemy 石落とし· 塀 penetration.

The steep or swamp.

Of these, trying climb the tioned to to deter enemy walls. advancement, and prothe water-filled moat slope of ditch can Trap doors for droptect the castle from the (hori) afforded the prevent enemies from ping stones (ishiotoshi) Wall openings for earthquakes. servedfrequent to protect vulbest guarantee against climbing up. weapons served for nerable penetration. corner sections The steep firing upon the enemy, against enemy forces 石落とし· slope of ditch can塀base The steep stone thetoshape ofthe the apertrying climb prevent enemies from walls. (ishigaki) also functure varying with the weapon climbing tioned toused. deterup. enemy Trap for doors for dropWall openings advancement, and proweapons served for (ishiotoshi) ping stones The steep base firing upon the enemy, tect thetostone castle served protectfrom vul- the the shape(ishigaki) of the aper- also funcfrequent earthquakes. nerable corner sections ture varying with the tioned to deter enemy against weapon used. enemy forces advancement, and pro-the trying to climb Wall tect theBuilding castle from walls. the frequent earthquakes. 橹

Diagram of Hirajiru

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 （Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru 三丸.

Wall Building buildings (tamon) served storage spaces, are Ditches橹 & entered from inner side with outer side served as Stonework 堀·石垣 part of the castle wall.

Ditches &

Ditches 櫓 &

Wall Building Stonework

石落とし· 塀

as adrrying

Japanese Castle Elements

climbing up.watchtowThe by steep stone base guarded existwere in Himeji Castle These gates usual(ishigaki) also func-

Residence

本

丸 Honmaru

Sangoku Moat

Stonework

本 の お 城 元 素

Japanese Castle Elements

Donjon Types

守 タ イ プ

timbers protected with plating of copper or iron.

For protecting the

Nawaba

Residence

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

SPIRAL

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

Hirayamajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode

Usually designed at a flat ground site

Usually designed at a mountain site

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 （Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru 三丸.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top of the mountain.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

LINEAR

castle complex, usually guarded by watchtowers from which the enemy could be fired upon. A comprehensive range of gate types exist in Himeji Castle complex.

橋 Bridge Ramparts across the These gates were usual- moat (dobashi) were guarded ly constructed of large timbers protected with by gate towers, attacking forces using them were plating of copper or Wall Building vulnerable to heavyiron.fire.

Wall openings for weapons served for Wall buildings (tamon) 橋enemy, firing uponspaces, the served storage the shape the aperare entered fromofinner ture varying with the Ramparts across side with outer the side Bridge weapon moat (dobashi) wereasused. 橋served guarded bycastle gate towpart of the wall. ers, attacking forces Ramparts across the using them were vulmoat (dobashi) were 橹 nerable to heavy fire. guarded by gate tow-

Bridge

ers, attacking forces using them were vulWall buildings nerable to heavy fire.

Wall Building (tamon)

x and sed for

subcourtemies on all

な わ ば

ers from which the Residence

strategic plexmilitary in 1618 for the wathe Hidetada ’s eldest points within marriage of TokugaThese gates were Senhime. usualcastle complex, usually daughter, A residence wa Hidetada ’sbuilding eldest guarded by ly watchtowconstructed of large In areas added to thewhere com- there daughter, Senhime. ers was from which the timbers protected with Inplex areas where there were large military 1618 for the enemy could bein fired plating of copper or upon. Amarriage comprehenwere largeofmilitary organisations, the resiTokugasive range of gate types the resi- iron. organisations, dences wa Hidetada ’s eldestof the exist in Himeji Castle dences of the leaders Senhime. and their supdaughter, complex.

守 タ イ プ

本

丸 Honmaru

Sangoku Moat

compound, organisations, the resi-was used Gates are located atas for observation andcastle dences of the building og the strategic leaders and their sup-military a command post compound, wasfor used porting troops hadwithin toactivities. points the military for observation and as be strongly protected. castle complex, usually

天 守 mit. タ イ 天プ 天

タ イ プ

anese Castle Elements

ese Castle Elements

pes

s

天 守 タ天 イ守 タ プ

の お 城 元 素 daughter, Senhime.

タ イ プ

Ditches & Stonework 堀·石垣

For protecting the approaches to a Castle, three types of ditches were used: areas filled with water, wide sitches, and tracts of mud or swamp. Of these, the water-filled moat (hori) afforded the best guarantee against penetration. The steep slope of ditch can prevent enemies from climbing up.

The steep stone base (ishigaki) also functioned to deter enemy advancement, and protect the castle from the frequent earthquakes.

50

天 守 タ

served storage橹 spaces, are entered from inner side with outer side Wall buildings (tamon) served as served storage spaces,橋 part of the castle wall. are entered from inner Trap Doors & side with outer side Ramparts acrossasthe served Wall Openings moat were part of the(dobashi) castle塀 wall. 石落とし·

Ditches & Stonework Ditches & For protectingStonework the approaches to a Castle, three types of ditches堀·石垣 were used: areas filled with water, For protecting the wide sitches,approaches and of mud or swamp. Of these, totracts a Castle, three types of ditches were used:moat areas filled (hori) afforded the best guarthe water-filled with water, wide sitchand tracts of mud antee againstes,orpenetration.

The steep slope of ditch swamp. Of these, Trap Doors & the water-filled moat can prevent enemies (hori) afforded the from climbing up. The steep Wall Openings best guarantee against Trap石落とし· Doorsstone & 塀 base (ishigaki) penetration. The steepalso functioned to deter enemy slope of ditch can Wall Openings prevent enemies from Trap doors for drop石落とし· 塀 advancement, andclimbing protect the castle from the freup. ping stones (ishiotoshi) served to protect vulThe steep stone base nerable sections earthquakes.

Trap doorscorner for quent drop(ishigaki) also funcagainst enemy forces Bridge 堀·石垣

CONCENTRIC

guarded by gate towers, attacking forces were vulTrapusing doorsthem for dropnerable to heavy fire. ping stones (ishiotoshi) served to protect vulnerable corner sections against enemy forces trying to climb the walls.

Wall openings for weapons served for firing upon the enemy, the shape of the aperture varying with the weapon used.

ping stones (ishiotoshi) trying to climb served to protect vul- the nerable corner sectionswalls. against enemy forces openings tryingWall to climb the for Bridge weapons served for walls. 橋 enemy, firing upon the Wall openings for aperthe shape of the weapons served for the ture across varying Ramparts thewith firing theweapon enemy, moatupon (dobashi) were used. the shape thetowaperguarded byof gate ture varying with ers, attacking forcesthe using them were vulweapon used. nerable to heavy fire.

tioned to deter enemy advancement, and protect the castle from the frequent earthquakes.

SPIRAL

Wakajiru

ba

Hirajiru

Hirayamajiru

な わ ば

螺旋布局

piral sequence

PLATFORMS

INTERSECTIONS/ GATES

Inner Moat

三

丸 Sanomaru

Diagram of Hirajiru

Diagram of Wakajiru

Diagram of Hirajiru

二丸

Ninomaru Diagram of Wakajiru

三丸

Sanomaru

Diagram of Hirajiru Sangoku Moat

Diagram of Wakajiru

linearlinear

linear

山城 おかじろ 山城 おかじろ Wakajiru Wakajiru

平山城 ひらやまじろ 平山城 ひらやまじろ Hirayamajiru Hirayamajiru

山城 おかじろ Wakajiru

平山城 ひらやまじろ Hirayamajiru

Diagram of Wakajiru

二

本

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

绳 张

平山城 ひらやまじろ Diagram of Wakajiru 平山城 ひらやまじろ Hirayamajiru Hirayamajiru

concentric concentric

concentric

な わ ば

ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

平山城 ひらやまじろ Hirayamajiru

Hirayamajiru: Hirayamajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called Hirayamajiru: The Ninomaru central area -is 二丸 surrounded three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), and by Sanomaru - 三 ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru 二丸 and Sanomaru 三 丸.of castle A kind site arrangement for -protection purposespiral -mode 丸.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

The main Tenshu complex is normally at Honmaru.

The central area islocated surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called The main Tenshu complexNinomaru is normally-located Honmaru. ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), 二丸 at and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top of the mountain.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

な わ ば

Wakajiru: Wakajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose. 丸 A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

Sanomaru Usually designed at a mountain site Usually designed at a mountain site The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, whichWakajiru: were called The central area is three layers ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - surrounded 二丸 and by Sanomaru - 三of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 - for 二丸 and Sanomaru 丸.

A kind(Honmaru), of castle siteNinomaru arrangement protection purpose.- 三 Diagram of Hirayamajiru 丸.

Diagram of Hirayamajiru The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which on Usually designed at aismountain site 平城 ひらじろ The main complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top ofTenshu the mountain. the most top of the mountain.

Hirajiru The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called

Hirayamajiru: Hirayamajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called Hirayamajiru: The Ninomaru central area -is 二丸 surrounded three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), and by Sanomaru - 三 ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru 二丸 and Sanomaru 三 丸.of castle A kind site arrangement for -protection purposespiral -mode 丸.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site. 山城 おかじろ The most safe mode of castle complex.

Wakajiru The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called The main Tenshu complexNinomaru is normally-located Honmaru. ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), 二丸 at and Sanomaru - 三

三

ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

平山城 ひらやまじろ Hirayamajiru

丸.

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top of the mountain.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

spiralspiral

spiral

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

三

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

Diagram of Hirayamajiru Diagram of Hirayamajiru

绳 张

Wakajiru: Wakajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose. 丸 A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

Sanomaru Usually designed at a mountain site Usually designed at a mountain site The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, whichWakajiru: were called The central area is three layers ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - surrounded 二丸 and by Sanomaru - 三of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 - for 二丸 and Sanomaru 丸.

A kind(Honmaru), of castle siteNinomaru arrangement protection purpose.- 三 丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located Usually at Honmaru, which on designed at aismountain site The main complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top ofTenshu the mountain.

Diagram of Hirayamajiru the most top of the mountain.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called

The central area is surrounded by layers of walls, which were called 丸 Ninomaru Diagram of three Wakajiru ほんまる-本丸 （Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru Honmaru 三丸.

Hirayamajiru: Hirayamajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

Diagram of Hirajiru Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called Hirayamajiru: The Ninomaru central area -is 二丸 surrounded three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), and by Sanomaru - 三 ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru 二丸 and Sanomaru 三 丸.of castle A kind site arrangement for -protection purposespiral -mode 丸.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

The main Tenshu complex is normally at Honmaru.

The central area islocated surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru. ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三

山城 おかじろ Wakajiru

丸.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

linear

本

丸 Honmaru

Nawaba

Hirajiru: Hirajiru: A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

Usually designed at a flat ground site Usually designed at a flat ground site The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, whichHirajiru: were called The central area is surrounded layers-of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 （Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 andby three Sanomaru ほんまる-本丸 Ninomaru for - 二丸 and purpose.

Sanomaru 三丸.

A kind （Honmaru), of castle site arrangement protection 三丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located Honmaru.

Usuallyatdesigned at a flat ground site The main Tenshu complex is丸 normally located at Honmaru.

Nawaba

ROUTES

courtyards courtyards can be transformed can be transformed into programs of a courtyards into programs of a building in be plan can transformed building in plan 平山城 ひらやまじろ into programs of aHirayamajiru building in plan

Diagram of Wakajiru

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

INTERSECTING

GATES

courtyards with courtyards with SOLIDS level difference level difference can be transformed with cancourtyards be transformed into programs with level difference into programs with level diference can be diference transformed level into programs with level diference

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

courtyard intersec-interseccourtyard tions (pink) tionsand (pink) and barrierscourtyard (black) (black) intersecbarriers tions (pink) and barriers (black)

Hirajiru:

Wakajiru:

Hirayamajiru:

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode

Usually designed at a flat ground site

Usually designed at a mountain site

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 （Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru 三丸.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top of the mountain.

concentric

Diagram of Wakajiru

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

The most safe mode of castle complex.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

平山城 ひらやまじろ Hirayamajiru

Wakajiru:

Hirayamajiru:

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose.

A kind of castle site arrangement for protection purpose- spiral mode

Usually designed at a mountain site

Usually designed at a continuous mountain site.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

The central area is surrounded by three layers of walls, which were called ほんまる-本丸 (Honmaru), Ninomaru - 二丸 and Sanomaru - 三 丸.

Diagram of Hirayamajiru

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru, which is on the most top of the mountain.

The most safe mode of castle complex.

The main Tenshu complex is normally located at Honmaru.

spiral

丸 ru

PLAN

Nawaba

丸 ru

Outer Moat

51 route

route

JAPANESE CASTLES ANALYSIS AND EXTRACTION intersections intersections

barriersbarriers

52

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE NEW SPIRAL

CIRCULATION OF THE NEW SPIRAL

APPLICATION ON CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE - THE NEW SPIRAL Architecture serves the city, the context, the people living there. Skills of embedding an architectural piece into its urban or rural landscape are crucial. In a design process, studying the context(the site) should be the starting point.

In Japan, traditional buildings that have survived natural disaters, fire, the war, and the effects of rapid modernisation, are very limited number and scale. In Tokyo, the aesthetic that this cityscape generates is on that favours'fluctuation, fluidity and lightness; it suggests the discovery of a new perceptual order' Takefumi Aida.

Spiral symbolizes today's image of the city - an enviroment that is fragmented but that consitantly renews its vitality precisely through its state of fragementatiopn. It represents an attempt at various levels to achieve goals that were orginally modernism's, including a dynamic equilibrium, a vocabulary of masses and volumes, a whole thatsubsumes conflicting parts, a system of industrial materials that is made to respond to the architect's sensibility. F. Maki SPIRAL is a multi-purpose cultural center which opened in October 1985, in Min mi-Aoyama as the focus for cultural programs of the Wacoal Corporation. It is maily composed of a gallery and a multi-pirpose hall. Other services include a restaurant bar, an everyday life accessories shop, and a beauty salon. It extends from the 2nd floor underground to the 9the floor. The building was designed by Fuminihiko Maki, an internationally known architect and leading example of Japaneses post-modern architecture during the 1980s.

53

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

i Japanese Tea Experience hop

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

7F 6F

Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

Family Café Shop

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

5F

Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

CLUB

4F HALL

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio Family Café Shop

3F

Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM Family Café Shop

2F

Family Café Shop

OFFICE

OFFICE

1F HALL

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

HALL

OFFICE

0F

Yoga Studio

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

HALL

Restaurant & Bar

Family Café Shop

GALLERY

-1F

GALLERY

APPLICATION OF HIMEJI CASTLE'S CONCEPT ON THE NEW SPIRA; MULTI-PURPOSE CULTURE CENTER

OFFICE

GALLERY

HALL

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

GALLERY

PROGRAMS AND GATES DIAGRAM OF THE NEW SPIRAL

55

Family Café Shop

urai Japanese Tea Experience é Shop

CLUB

Beauty Tea Salon AMOEM Japanese Experience Restaurant Sakurai & Bar Total Café Shop

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

Family Café Shop Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

HALL

CLUB

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

Family Café Shop erience

Yoga Studio

CLUB Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

CLUB

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

Family Café Shop

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

HALL

HALL

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

HALL

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

Family Café Shop

Restaurant & Bar

Yoga Studio

Restaurant & B

Yoga Studio

HALL OFFICE Sakurai Japanese Tea Experience Café Shop

OFFICE

Total Beauty Salon AMOEM

OFFICE

CLUB

OFFICE

GALLERY

56

GALLERY Family Café Shop

GALLERY

GALLERY

57 RENDERS

Site It is located centrally in a foreigner popular area with commercial buildings, shopping malls, tasty local restaurants, and convenient transportation, just two mins walk from a main underground hub.

FRONT EXTERIOR PHOTO FROM GROUND FLOOR

05. NO.188 RENOVATION Summer 2016, Professional Work Location: Shanxi South Road, Shanghai Collaborator: Ning Ding Skills: Interior Design, Auto CAD, Sketchup On-site Management, Adobe Suite, Photography Client’s needs and expectation My clients, the owner of this department, are over sixty year old Shanghainese couple and wanted to renovated this apartment to rent to foreigners who live or work in Shanghai. There is a possiblity of future use: for Ling, client's son and Ling's son. Clients expected an emergence of a tradition way of thinking in terms of residential design, especially for Chinese, with western residential design. Ling’s parents stated that home is clearly a shelter to rest. And sleeping needs to be completely private and separated from other part of the building.

The Proposal The design for the clients is not only an style for foreigners in Shanghai, but also a comfortable arrangement for future possible use for Ling Ding and his 5 year-old son. To maximize the use of space as much as possible, the design celebrates a fluent and progressive rhythm guiding people from living and dining zone to sleeping zone.

59

LIVING ROOM PHOTO

a

a

a c

b

c

c

c b

b

a

b a

60

b

a

c a

b

a

Orginal Apartment Arrangement

Intial Design by Ling Ding

Intial Design by He Liang

Final Design by He Liang

Orginal Apartment Arrangement

Intial Design by Ling Ding

Intial Design by He Liang

Final Design by He Liang

ORGINAL PLAN

1ST DESIGN DONE BY LING DING

1ST DESIGN BY ME

FINAL DESIGN

a b

a

c

a

b

b b

ORGINAL PLAN OF THE APARTMENT b

b

c

a

c

PLAN

REUSE OF OLD PARTS a

b c

Entire north side of the apartment except the dressroom are covered by five sliding door. To satisfied Ling’s desire of reusing historic wooden doors, we decided to personalize with rails, paint and mirrors for these doors.

Reuse of the steel frame door for washroom.

Reuse of the drawers from the original cabinet. The dressing room is on the right for storage of coats and shoes. The kid’s bed is hidden at the back of this dressing room.

61

steel frame

62

PHOTO OF THE GLAZED AREA

KEY CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS AND ENGINEERED SYSTEM As an over 100 year old building, construction drawings were not available. Main structure of the building has been analyzed by the team, but some details were missing. This resulted in an accident happened. The team took immediate and careful action afterwards.

We realized the entire south wall were load bearing and extending to upper floor apartment as their external wall, which supports their roof. There were possibility that the other rest of south wall and north wall ceiling would collapse too. We called in the construction manager for u-shape steel beams right away. The construction workers installed three pieces on the west wall, one each for the chimney wall and the north wall at the entrance.

As we analyzed and calculated, these load bearing beams ran through the entire floor area even to the public staircase in between each floor. The hidden potential of increase the floor height could be done for the ceiling.

PHOTO WITH BED FOLDED INTO THE WALL

BEDROOM FLEXIBLE ARRANGEMENT Bedroom was rearranged to the southeast corner, having direct natural light from the south window. It fulfils the requirement of privacy sleep space for the clients.

Bedroom was rearranged to the southeast corner, having direct natural light from the south window. It fulfils the requirement of privacy sleep space for the clients. Bedroom was rearranged to the southeast corner, having direct natural light from the south window. It fulfils the requirement of privacy sleep space for the clients.

PHOTO WITH BED UNFOLDED

ISOMETRIC DRAWING OF STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT

PHOTO LIVING ROOM

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CLIMBING AREA

06 GUSHAN VILLAGE Summer 2018, Professional Work Location: Beijing, China Gross Floor Area: 12,000,000m2 Skills: On-site Managment, Sketchup, Physical Model Making,Adobe Suite

It is a comprehensive park integratiting farming museums, educatitional actitivitities, and themed restaurants.

Designed and monitored the constructitions for multitiple attttractitions within GuShan Village by using local materials and thousands of tradititional Chinese folk items, including Children Playground, Agricultural Museum, Intangible Cultural Heritage Science Museum, Checkerboard Square, Craftfting Workshop, Gushan farm.

Succussefully gained AAAA-level Tourist Attractition of China (which A, the lowest level, 5A, the highest level) Applied for multitiple innovatition patents, including Giant swing, old engine seesaw, tractor slides.

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COLLECTION OF THOUSANDS OF OLD ITEMS

CHILDREN PLAYGROUND

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