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01 AUG- 15 AUG 2013

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Foolish Science Have you ever seriously thought that where science is taking us? Mankind has never devised a better tool for solving the mysteries of the universe than science.

However, there are some kinds of questions for which scientific problem solving is unsuited. In other words, science has limitations.

There are three primary areas for which science can't help us answer our questions. All of these have the same problem: The questions they present don't have testable answers. Since testability is so vital to the scientific process, these questions simply fall outside the venue of science. Science can't answer questions about value, morality and supernatural.

Albert Einstein devoted his life over the study of light but he was dashed with his inability to find the answer which he put in his frustrating comment: “All these fifty years of conscious brooding have brought me no nearer to the answer to the question, 'What are light quanta?'

Nowadays every Tom, Dick and Harry thinks he knows it, but he is mistaken.” (Albert Einstein, 1954).

ART OF LEARNING

DEBATE

None can help you Only you are responsible

This is not only the case with Einstein but with all other scientists. Even an ordinary science students knows the problem of not knowing. We are not helped by science in our fundamental questions.

Thousand years of thinking over have brought Scientists nowhere near to the truth. In fact the more they build concepts and gave theories they nature appeared more and more complex. So many man lives and resources have been employed only to reach the idea that we know nothing. And the mad race goes on.

Foolishness of Science

Do you feel that the way of searching the truth is through science?

Send:

City Mall, Kota: 0744-2414147

_T_TU_ Hint: Sculptured figure Turn to Page 4 for further hint

No (N)

Yes: 97 % No: 3% SMS: 8890753400 Email: hellosciencepaper@ gmail.com, editor@helloscience.in.

On page 2

CROSSWORD

or

Do you believe that there is a source of energy in us which we call soul?

On page 7 Guess the word

Yes (Y)

Last debate result

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Readers’ love for HS

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ENGINEERING QUOTIENT

01 AUG- 15 AUG 2013

TECHNOLOGY

“Touchscreen” futur

Editor’s note

Dear readers, Touch screen technology have evolved and penetrated so fast into most of our gadgets that there are speculations how it would the future gadget world. These days, it's almost unimaginable how we once got through our daily tasks without a trusty tablet or smartphone nearby,but it doesn't stop there. Touchscreens really are everywhere.

Homes, cars, restaurants, stores, planes, wherever—they fill our lives in spaces public and private.

It's hard to believe that just a few decades ago, touchscreen technology could only be found in with touchscreen technology. It featured paging capabilities, an science fiction books and film. It took e-mail and calendar application, an appointment schedule, an generations and several major address book, a calculator, and a pen-based sketchpad. With so technological advancements for many different technologies accumulating in the previous touchscreens to achieve this kind of decades, the 2000s were the time for touchscreen technologies presence. Although the underlying to really flourish. technology behind touchscreens can It can't be understated—each of these technologies had a be traced back to the 1940s, there's monumental impact on the gadgets we use today. Everything plenty of evidence that suggests from our smartphones to laptop trackpads and WACOM tablets touchscreens weren't feasible until can be somehow connected to the many inventions, discoveries, at least 1965. and patents in the history of touchscreen technology.

History of Touchscreen technology Historians generally consider the first finger-driven touchscreen to have been invented by E.A. Johnson in 1965 at the Royal Radar Establishment in Malvern, United Kingdom. Johnson originally described his work in an article entitled "Touch display—a novel input/output device for computers" published in Electronics Letters. Are you helpless Those who do not take their own The piece featured a diagram describing a type of touchscreen responsibility find themselves in a trap. mechanism that many smartphones use today—what we now know They always wait for someone to come as capacitive touch. Two years later, Johnson further expounded on and help them. They look for various the technology with photographs and diagrams in "Touch Displays: A helps from all the corners like parents, Programmed Man-Machine Interface," published in Ergonomics in teachers, friends, etc. Therefore, their 1967. situation is pathetic. Most of us are like Further Development that. But it looks just normal as we are A capacitive touchscreen panel uses an insulator, like glass, that is all surrounded by such dependent coated with a transparent conductor such as indium tin oxide (ITO). people. This first step is to observe this 1970s saw the emergence of restrictive touchscreens. A group called truth and rest would come later. its fledgling venture "Elographics," and the team discovered that a touchscreen on a computer monitor made for an excellent method of There is no help except yours The only person who can come for your help is yourself. You interaction. All the screen needed was a conductive cover sheet to and only you can make or spoil your life. Learn this harsh make contact with the sheet that contained the X- and Y-axis. Pressure truth and start taking up your responsibility. Identify your on the cover sheet allowed voltage to flow between the X wires and requirements and take steps to help you. the Y wires, which could be measured to indicate coordinates. This discovery helped found what we today refer to as resistive touch Your lonely journey begins technology.

The most crucial part of your life journey is that it is an alone In 1982, the first human-controlled multitouch device was developed journey. Those who learn to live independently actually at the University of Toronto. In 1993, IBM and BellSouth teamed up to become the true masters of themselves. Once this happens launch the Simon Personal Communicator, one of the first cellphones direction would naturally come to you.

Help yourself

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MEDICAL QUOTIENT

01 AUG - 15 AUG 2013

BIO-RESEARCH

Tooth from urine A research team said they used urine as a starting point and harvested cells that are normally passed from the body before coaxing the collected cells into stem cells.

A team of Chinese scientists have discovered that urine can be used to grow new teeth.

The results published in the Cell Regeneration Journal revealed that urine may be used as a source of stem cells that could in turn be grown into tiny tooth-like tissue. The scientists at the Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health hope that the technique could be

developed into a way of replacing lost teeth.

The research team said they used urine as a starting point and harvested cells that are normally passed from the body before coaxing the collected cells into stem cells. A mix of these stem cells and other cells from a mouse was then implanted into test animals and after three weeks the bundle of cells began resembling a tooth.

The tooth-like structure contained dental pulp, dentin, enamel space and enamel organ, the report said, but noted that the structure was not as hard as naturally grown teeth.

While the research will not result in any immediate new dental options, the researchers believe it could lead to further studies that could lead to the total regeneration of human teeth for clinical therapy.

Not all stem cell experts view the research as a breakthrough. Chris Mason at University College London told the BBC that urine was a

poor starting point because it is "probably one of the worst sources" from which to develop stem cells.

"The big challenge here is the teeth have got a pulp with nerve and blood vessels which have to make sure they integrate to get permanent teeth," Mason said.

Blue death A blue “death wave” ripples down the worms’ bodies for up to six hours as the life drains out of them—a phenomenon that is yielding insights into how death spreads throughout an organism.

Watching worms die may not sound particularly exciting, but what if when they kicked the bucket they started glowing blue? That’s what a team of biologists has observed in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans.

A blue “death wave” ripples down the worms’ bodies for up to six hours as the life drains out of them—a phenomenon that is yielding insights into how death spreads throughout an organism.

“Death actually propagates,” says David Gems, a biogerontologist at University College London (U.C.L.) and co-author of the study. “The presence of a dead cell triggers destruction in a neighboring cell.”

The cascade of cell death in C. elegans rides a wave of calcium ions that travels through the worm from front to back. The influx of calcium into a cell triggers processes that dismantle cellular structures. Lysosomes—the

waste-processing centers of cells—burst and “that’s when all hell breaks loose,” as Gems puts it. The lysosome eruptions cause the cell to digest itself. The calcium ions then jump to a neighboring cell and the death wave continues.

The blue fluorescence, seen only when the worms are under ultraviolet light, comes from anthranilic acid, an organic compound produced inside little granules that line the worm’s intestine.

As the death wave propagates, the granules burst, releasing the acid into a lower pH environment. The drop in pH amplifies the anthranilic acid’s natural fluorescence, generating a blue flash that follows the calcium wave. The flash “is a marker of death,” Gems says.

This research has identified a key molecular pathway for animal death that may provide clues for better managing traumatic injury and disease in humans.

Image on Page 8

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SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & NEWS

01 AUG - 15 AUG 2013

-200C refrigerato o

IIT Madras has achieved temperature as low as -200 degree C by using a single stage vapour compression refrigerator using a compressor that is routinely used in domestic refrigerators and air-conditioners.

The working pressure of the compressor is nearly the same as in air conditioners.

“The system was operated nonstop at about 200 degree C for three months,” said Prof. G. Venkatarathnam, Refrigeration and Airconditioning Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering. His team has developed many other prototypes too.

It is indeed possible to achieve temperatures as low as -110 degree C by using a conventional cascade

refrigeration system. In this, three refrigerators are arranged in a series and together help in bringing down the temperature in steps. “The disadvantage is that one compressor and a few heat exchangers are required for each stage. So the circuit becomes more complex and hence more expensive,” he explained. “And it is difficult to achieve temperatures lower than -100 degree C.” A conventional refrigeration system uses a single liquid coolant that absorbs heat and becomes vapour at a constant temperature.

“Our technology uses a mixture of coolants where the conversion of liquid to vapour occurs over a range of temperatures — 100 degree C or more,” Prof. Venkatarathnam said. “All this happens in an internal heat exchanger.”

C-nanotubes next gen conductors New research on Carbon nanotubes makes possible lighter conductors that can carry larger currents.

Led by an Indian chemist, researchers have found that when carbon nanotubes are embedded in copper, the resulting new material’s ampacity gets boosted to a massive 10,000 per cent, with an electrical conductivity comparable to copper’s.

The new material, dubbed CNT-Cu (for carbon www.helloscience.in

nanotubes–copper), consists of 45 per cent CNTs by volume, and is less dense than a pure copper conductor by 42 per cent. To produce it, the researchers electrodeposited copper into the pores of macroscopic CNT solids such as buckypaper.

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Mechanical Engg department at IIT Madras has developed refrigerator that works at ver y low temperatures.

Student Journalist

Blood Plasma

About 55% of blood is blood plasma, a fluid that is the blood's liquid medium, which by itself is straw-yellow in color.

Sanket, Kota Hello Science welcomes you to be a part of our news collection and reporting.

Please send your news entries with full details to 08890753400; hellosciencepaper@gmail.com (Write NEWS in the subject)

Guess the word

_ TATU_ Hint: Sculptured figure Answer on page 5

NEWs digest Scientists to create artificial Earthquake Earthquakes never occur when you need one, so US researchers plan to create an artificial quake in the hope of developing sturdier and safer buildings.

‘Beebone’ computer virus in India cyberspace A new and deadly computer virus called 'Beebone' has been detected in Indian cyberspace and users are asked to safeguard their systems against its attack. www.helloscience.us

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SCIMAGINATION

01 AUG - 15 AUG 2013

EDITORIAL

DID YOU KNOW Where is the Earth hanging?

Pain of ignorance

COMMON SENSE

Pain of ignorance torn those apart who long for truth. Rest of us enjoy ignorance. It is hanging in the solar system and is bound Let us take our attention to the most basic question facing all of us: Who are we? This question has been striking our minds so much that we have buried it at the back of our minds because we find no one who can tell the answer.

And we live as if we know everything. Then we employ our life energies in searching something which can give us identity, comfort, pleasure, etc.

When we do not know who we are then we try all we can in order to forget this question. And this is done by getting involved in something which helps us forget this fundamental question.

Now let us take recourse to Science. Does it have an answer? It does not. In fact, science itself tells that nature is complex and can’t allow us to know

it. Quantum mechanics tells that fundamentally and governed by various forces. everything is uncertain and we can only talk about SCIENCE probabilities.

There is no hanging in universe. In fact there is no In this scenario, we find ourselves in a situation where we are limit of universe in which we can say the earth is befooling ourselves. And all of us hanging. It is under a delicate balance of forces that know that this life is limited. So it keep it revolving around the sun like other planets. is natural that the question of what would happen afterwards There is no hinge on which Earth can hang or rest. pinches the mind. These two tendencies split us into two. One SCIENTOON part takes us to the world where we learn forgetting.

Other tendency is of those who take up the challenge and search the truth, the ultimate source of life.

And this is done by looking inside.

Look Mom! So, where do you belong: Celebrating ignorance and illusion or searching Carbon yourself.

- EDITOR

Tetrafloride

GAMES AND FUN WORD MAZE

MS AN SO SC

E N O I

SCIENCE SCRAMBLE

SCIENCE-QUOTIENT Arrange the following planets in the increasing order of size.

Identify the hidden sentence.

R V A T

Earth, Venus, Jupiter, Saturn

Starts from top left. Go up, down, left, right without any cross.

Hint: Law of chemical combination.

Identify the words and use the encircled letters to fill in the blank.

LET’S SPELL

L T E A S

Make words of 2 or more letters using each letter once with each having the central letter.

LETTERS & NUMBERS Make a phrase out of the following.

Y

T

E

L

27 = C of T

FLY, LAME, EAT; Candle burns with a yellow FLAME.

SOLUTIONS MASS CONSERVATION

SCIENCE-QUOTIENT Venus < Earth < Saturn < Jupiter

LETTERS & NUMBERS 27 = Cube of Three

EAT, ATE, TEA, SEA, LET, LEST, SEAL, LEAST, STEAL.

Inspiring thought “Science never solves a Sonal Tiwari, Indore problem without creating ten How does light bend under gravity? more.”

George Bernard Shaw

Spacetime around a massive object (galaxy cluster Foreign translation or a black hole) is curved, and as a result light rays English: Hurry up from a background source propagating through Dutch: opschieten spacetime are bent. The lensing effect can magnify French: Dépêchez-vous and distort the image of the background source. German: Beeilen Sie sich This phenomenon was first mentioned in 1924 by Italian: Affrettatevi the St. Petersburg physicist Orest Chwolson and Spanish: darse prisa Swedish: skynda dig quantified by Einstein.

Guess the word STATUE Answer

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Hello Science is like a scientific friend. It gives us a true feeling of what science is in a very pleasant manner.

RAVI PRAKASH

I liked your article on selftargeting. Please give some best ideas for planning of JEE 2014 and about the campuses of IIT Bombay and Kanpur.

Hi, I am a student of medical science and want to give thanks to Anonymous Hello Science. It really feel that this is a Science Teacher. It also tells us Thanks for your feedback and support. - EDITOR about many science mysteries of all universe. I liked the article, Send you ideas to: “Aliens may visit”. hellosciencepaper@gmail.com PARVEJ AALAM, editor@helloscience.in Allen, Kota

Via SMS: 8890753400

BAPU’S COLUMN LET’S SPELL

READERS’ QUESTION

HS Answer

I thought that science is a source of hidden knowledge that develops thinking power towards discoveries and research. Hello Science motivates my mind towards science. I like it very much- FUN AND GAMES. DEEPAK Allen, Kota

Hint: Exponent

Candle burns with a yellow _ _ _ _ _.

WORD MAZE

PEOPLE SPEAK

5 Nominations for Nobel Peace Gandhi devoted all his life for peace and nonviolence. He was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize five times. But unfortunately he received none. In the last case the Nobel committee decided to offer him the prize but withdrew after his assassination.

EINSTEIN UNPLUGGED

Atoms for peace

Because of his fear that Germany was working on atomic bombs he wrote a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, the president of the United States of America, to For Exam counseling tell him about the possibility of atomic weapons. In 1946 Call 09887611939, 08890753400 he proposed a world Or email at: government in which he saw hellosciencepaper@gmail.com the only way to achieve continuous peace. editor@helloscience.in

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COUNSELLING

Hello Science Learning, Testing and Retention (LTR)

01 AUG - 15 AUG 2013

Handling homework Home work is something that gives a lot of trouble to students especially those who find it difficult to manage it. But home work becomes essential when it comes to learning and examination. How to manage homework is the question for students, their parents, etc. Here we tend to offer a smart way to manage your homework. We just need a sincere promise from the readers that they will honestly follow this strategy if they are at all serious about their academic life. Go ahead and adopt this technique. You can modify this according to your personal situation but you should have some effective plan at the end. Best wishes.

5.

Set the mood

1.

Get more involved

Create a good study area with everything you need (for example, a calculator). If you don't have a quiet place at home, try your school or local library.

Keep your mind from wandering by taking notes, underlining sections, discussing topics with others or relating your homework to something you're studying in another class.

Organize the information

6.

People process information in different ways. Some people like to draw pictures or charts to digest information, others prefer to read out loud or make detailed outlines. Try to find the methods that work best for you. Ask your teacher for recommendations if you're having trouble.

7.

Utilise free time

2.

Know where to begin

Make a list of everything you need to do, and note all deadlines. Do the more difficult assignments first, so you don't have to face them at the end.

If you have a study period or a long bus ride, use the time to review notes, prepare for an upcoming class or start your homework.

8.

Study with a friend

3.

Study at the same time everyday Even if you don't have homework every night, use the time to review notes. If sitting down to work is part of your normal routine, you'll approach it with less dread.

Also, you'll become a pro at using time productively.

4.

9.

Communicate

If you have concerns about the amount or type of homework you have, you may want to talk to your family, teachers or counselor. They can help you understand how much time you need to allot for homework and how to manage your tasks.

Keep things in perspective Know how much weight each assignment or test carries, and use your time accordingly.

Get together with friends and classmates to quiz each other, compare notes and predict test questions.

Consider joining a study group.

Celebrate your achievements

10.

Reward yourself for hitting milestones or doing something well.

If your like this article, send <Like LTR>. Also send your queries if you want them to be discussed on this platform. Send your responses to: hellosciencepaper@gmail.com; editor@helloscience.in. 08890753400

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Special Coverage Science Debate

01 AUG - 15 AUG 2013

Oh! my Science Even if science could prove anything (which it can't), it certainly can't prove this, since by definition a god is a supernatural phenomenon Science is powerful. It has generated the knowledge that allows us to call a friend halfway around the world with a cell phone, vaccinate a baby against polio, build a skyscraper, and drive a car.

And science helps us answer important questions like which areas might be hit by a tsunami after an earthquake, how did the hole in the ozone layer form, how can we protect our crops from pests, and who were our evolutionary ancestors?

With such breadth, the reach of science might seem to be endless, but it is not.

Science has definite limits.

When is euthanasia the right thing to do? What universal rights should humans have?

Should other animals have rights? Questions like these are important, but scientific research will not answer them. Science can help us learn about terminal illnesses and the history of human and animal rights â&#x20AC;&#x201D; and that knowledge can inform our opinions and decisions.

But ultimately, individual people must make moral judgments. Science helps us describe how the world is, but it cannot make any judgments about whether that state of affairs is right, wrong, good, or bad.

Although scientists often care deeply about how their www.helloscience.in

discoveries are used, science itself doesn't indicate what should be done with scientific knowledge.

Science, for example, can tell you how to recombine DNA in new ways, but it doesn't specify whether you should use that knowledge to correct a genetic disease, develop a bruise-resistant apple, or construct a new bacterium. For almost any important scientific advance, one can imagine both positive and negative ways that knowledge could be used. Again, science helps us describe how the world is, and then we have to decide how to use that knowledge.

It's interesting how many scientists have forgotten their own limitations. Every few years, some scientist will publish a book claiming that he or she has either proven the existence of a god, or proven that no god exists.

Of course, even if science could prove anything (which it can't), it certainly can't prove this, since by definition a god is a supernatural phenomenon.

So the next time someone invokes "scientific evidence" to support his or her point, sit back for a moment and consider whether they've stepped outside of these limitations.

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Miscellaneous

Hello Science 01 AUG - 15 AUG 2013

Blue Death

From Page 3

The blue fluorescence, seen only when the worms are under ultraviolet light, comes from anthranilic acid, an organic compound produced inside little granules that line the worm’s intestine.

Hello Science wishes everyone Happy Independence Day Hello Science

Embrace science in your life.

Read and subscribe Hello Science An initiative by IIT alumni and professors to develop scientific temper among children.

Call: 08890753400 Email: hellosciencepaper@gmail.com editor@helloscience.in

“A scientific mind makes the personality of a child and prepares it for the challenges of life.”

Onion Cells under microscope view

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