CITADELLSKAJEN | A SOFT EDGE
HELMI ELISA HUNIN LK0302 DESIGN PROJECT ADVANCED PLANTING DESIGN OCTOBER 2018
CONTEXT | CONCEPT
Located on engineered ground in an old industrial port area in Malmo, Citadellskajen is a link between the urban fabric of the city and the green areas of Ribersborg Beach and the Malmo Castle and gardens. Currently a street bustling with traffic, it will soon be transformed into a canal-front pedestrian wayfare with angular planting beds. The urban site is very exposed with high foot traffic, full sun, and salty wind from the sea. The vegetation chosen for the area will need to be well suited to these challenging conditions. The planting beds will contain a minimum of 30 cm sandy soil (B-soil according to AMA), with 30 cm of well-drained topsoil 1: – 25 vol-% topsoil with high organic content (Hasselfors E-soil) – 25 vol-% compost 0-20 mm (grönkompost) – 50 vol-% ”gravel” 0,2-8 mm (dräneringsgrus) – pH 6-7 – bulk density 1000-1200 kg/m3
The ground will be covered with a crushed lime stone gravel, supressing weeds as plants establish, regulating moisture and heat, and increasing the pH-level.As plants are the link between the built environment and more open spaces, This plan contains a selection of hardy perennials with a focus on tactile plantings that have a softening visual and olfactory interest, while also supporting pollinators and biodiversity year-round. While the flowering component of each perennial is usually the most significant feature, other aspects considered in this plan include sculptural form, winter interest, softness in bothtexture and form, and a soft silver/blue/green restrained color palette accentuated by bursts of complementary color. This plan is a blend of biotope planting and stylized nature as the plants are chosed to create a dynamic habitat and visual effect but with extensive maintenance (minimal input).
DESIGN OVERVIEW Urban fabric
To: Malmo Central
M1
To: Ribersborg beach
M2
T2
S2
T2
M2
S1
M3
S2
M2
T2
ath
p ike
B
M1
T2
M3 M3
S1
M2 M1
S2
T2
Design boundary
Plant system boundary T1 Elaeagnus augustifolia
S1
M1
T1
KEY
M3
T2
S2 M2
T2
Pinus strobus ‘Pendula’
S1
Caragana aborescens
S2
Tamarix ramosissima
M1
Matrix 1
M2
Matrix 2
M3
Matrix 3
al
Can
0
1
2.5
5
10m
N
1:200 A3
THE PERENNIAL MATRIX: NATURALISTIC PLANTING FOR LOW MAINTENANCE
The dyamic and spacial mobility of various plants ofver time is used as a driving force. Tall dominant plants complemented by a mix of lower perennials.
Naturalistic planting compositions are created by choosing appropriate perennials for the site, with similar rates of competition. They are then oriented within a square meter that is rotated in sections to be read and applied by the entrepreneurs that carry out the planting plan on site. This style strays from the evolving trends of block planting which requires high rates of maintenance, and instead favors the self-selection of chosen varieties.
Proper quantities of each variety of perennial is important in reaching a balanced level of competiton between species, as well as considering what plants will work to cover the ground for aesthetic and weed suppression purposes. The island beds in this plan provide foot and bycycle traffic the opportunity to see the perennials from multiple angles.
TREES, SHRUBS & BULBS: THE CONSTANT & THE EPHEMERAL
B1 Allium spharocephalon
T1 Elaeagnus angustifolia
B2 Crocus chrysanthus ‘advance’
T2 Pinus strobus ‘Pendula’
The selection of trees, shrubs and bulbs for this planting proposal were chosen based on their appropriateness for the site conditions, their harmonic color scheme, flowering times for continued interest and their flowing form. The trees and shrubs provide a steady vertical structure of year-round interest, while the bulbs are joyful surprises.
B3 Muscari armeniacum
B4 Sternbergia lutea
S1 Caragana arborescens ‘lorbergii’
B5 Tulipa tarda
S2 Tamarix ramosissima ‘Pink cascade’
MATRIX 1: SOFT EDGES
The soft edges created within this selection of plants invites the visitors in from the hardness of the city form. Flowing forms are justaposed against the angular geometry of buildings, streets and angular planting beds, softening the visual experience of visitors. Midsummer Stipa barbata plays gently with its silky flowerheads intermingling with the sharp colorful accents of of Eryngium planum and the dominant rose purple cones of Alium sphaerocephalon.
THE MATRIX
PERENNIALS
Quantity/M2 Species
1
Achnatherum calamagrostis
2
Stipa barbata
1
Eryngium planum
1
Artemesia abstinthium
4
Stachys byzantina
2
Thymus serpyllum
A’
A 0 1 2.5
5
10m
N
BULBS Quantity Species
10 20 20 15 15
Allium sphaerocephalon Crocus chrysanthus ‘advance’ Muscari armeniacum Sternbergia lutea Tulipa tarda
SEED Quantity Species
A
canal
pedestrian
M1
Linum perenne
P1 Achnatherum calamagrostis P19 Stipa barbata
P7 Eryngium Planum
P3 Artemisia absinthium
P20 Stachys Byzantina
B1 Allium spharocephalon
P10 Linum perenne
A’
pedestrian
0
1.5 g
1
2.5 m
P21 Thymus serpyllum
MATRIX 2: ARRIVAL EXPERIENCES
The planting area is bookended by a perrenial matrix that boasts many showy clumping varieties with some surprises of color at various times of the year. The conical flower head of both the Agastache foeniculum and Kniphofia ‘Percy’s pride’ repeat the sculpural form across the planting bed, while different types of groundcover provide an olfactory experience and seasonal carpets of flowers.
PERENNIALS
Quantity/M2 Species
1
Agastache foeniculum
1
kniphofia ‘Percy’s pride‘
2
Santolina chamaecyparissus
2
Seslaria nitida
3
Thymus serpyllum
3
Calamintha nepeta
B
B’
0 1 2.5
5
10m
N
BULBS
Quantity Species
10 20 20 15 15
Allium spharocephalon Crocus chrysanthus ‘advance’ Muscari armeniacum Sternbergia lutea Tulipa tarda
SEED Quantity Species
B bike lane
pedestrian
M2
pedestrian
0
1
1.5 g
P2 Agastache foeniculum
P8 Kniphofia ‘Percy’s pride’
P15 Santolina chamaecyparissus
P21 Thymus serpyllum
P4 Calamintha nepeta
P11 Lychnis coronaria
B’
2.5 m
Lychnis coronaria
P18 Sesleria nitida
MATRIX 3: WINTER INTEREST CORE
The dominant core of the planting design is built on winter interest and is the framework on which the rest of the plants were chosen. Plants were selected based on their interest year round, including structural form and colors that last throughout winter. The tall solitary forms of Panicum virgatum draws the eye in and around to the various companion plants in the matrix.
PERENNIALS
C
Quantity/M2 Species
1
Panicum virgatum ‘Dallas Blues’
1
Phlomis ruselliana
1
Lavandula angustifolia ‘silver mist’
2
seslaria autumnalis
1.5
Pulsatilla vulgaris
3
Sedum spurium
1.5
Cerastium tomentosum
C’
0 1 2.5
5
10m
N
BULBS Quantity Species
SEED
10 20 20 15 15
Allium spharocephalon Crocus chrysanthus ‘advance’ Muscari armeniacum Sternbergia lutea Tulipa tarda
Quantity Species
1.5 g
Dianthus carthusianorum
P12 Panicum virgatum ‘Dallas Blues’ in summer and winter
C
bike lane
pedestrian
M3
pedestiran
pedestian
canal
00
11
2.5 2.5
P13 Phlomis russeliana in summer and winter
P9 Lavandula angustifolia
P17 Seslaria autumnalis
P14 Pulsatilla vulgaris
P5 Cerastium tomentosum
P6 Dianthus carthusianorum
C’
m P16 Sedum spurium
PLANT LIST Symbol
Latin name
English name
Height
Width
Quality / Size
Quantity
Bloom
Notes
T1
Elaeagnus angustifolia
Russian olive
4-8 m
3.5-6 m
Träd C/sth 90-110
1
Unnoticeable yellow flowers but fragrant in May.
Nitrogen fixing, with thin silvery leaves and a deep ebony trunk. Winter interest. Thorns.
T2
Pinus strobus ‘Pendula’
Weeping eastern white pine
1-3 m
1-3 m
Busk C/200-250
6
Insignificant flowering.
Soft silvery-blue needles and a cascading canopy. Requires staking.
S1
Caragana arborescens ‘lorbergii’
Siberian peashrub
2-2.5 m
1.5-2 m
Busk C/100-120
3
May. fragrant, bright yellow flowers.
Nitrogen fixing shrub. Edible seed pods.
S2
Tamarix ramosissima ‘Pink cascade’
Saltcedar
2-3 m
2-4.5 m
Busk C5
4
June-August plumes of pink 5-petaled flowers.
Deciduous Shrub.. Pale gray-green leaves.
P1
Achnatherum calamagrostis
Silver spike grass
75-105 cm
90-120 cm
A-Kval C2
34
Late spring display of silver-green flower spikes.
Solitary
P2
Agastache foeniculum
Anise hyssop
60-120 cm
45-90 cm
A-Kval C2
20
June-September lavender purple
Solitary
P3
Artemisia absinthium
Wormwood
60-90 cm
45-60 cm
A-Kval P9
34
August- September yellowish-grey
Clumping companion. Foliage is highly aromatic when bruised. Silver-grey foliage
P4
Calamintha nepeta
Calamint
30-45cm
30-60cm
A-Kval P9
60
June- September lilac to white
Good informal ground cover.
P5
Cerastium tomentosum
Snow-in-summer
15-30 cm
20-30 cm
A-Kval P9
113
June white carpet
Groundcover / Matrix of silver-grey leaves
P6
Dianthus carthusianorum
Carthusian Pink
10-50 cm
20 cm
Seed 1.5g/m2
113 g
July-September magenta
Weaver. Edible flowers, fragrant, evergreen foliage.
P7
Eryngium Planum
Sea holly
45-60 cm
30-45 cm
A-Kval P9
34
June- September steel blue thistle-like flower heads
Clumping companion with violet blue stems
P8
Kniphofia ‘Percy’s pride’
Red Hot Poker
90-120 cm
30-60 cm
A-Kval P9
20
Late summer/ fall. Green to yellow.
Clumping companion, rhizome
P9
Lavandula angustifolia
English lavender
30-45 cm
30-45 cm
A-Kval P9
75
June-August purple/blue
Clumping companion. Highly aromatic. Leaves are evergreen in warm winter climates.
P10
Linum perenne
Perennial flax
30-45 cm
22-45 cm
Seed 1.5g/m2
51 g
May- June sky blue
Weaver planted from seed, is a short-lived, tufted perennial
P11
Lychnis coronaria
Catchfly
60-90 cm
30-45 cm
Seed 1.5g/m2
30 g
May- July rose-magenta flowers
Weaver planted from seed, Short-lived self-seeder, compliments silver-grey foliage.
P12
Panicum virgatum 'Dallas Blues’
Switch grass
150-175 cm
70-100 cm
A-Kval C5
75
Late summer- fall purple-pink, airy, cloud-like
Solitary. Pushes new growth early to midsummer. Most blooms remaining into the winter.
P13
Phlomis russeliana
Turkish sage
60-90 cm
45-60 cm
A-Kval P9
75
July-September pale yellow flowers whorled clusters
Solitary, Winter interest. Soft sage-like leaves
P14
Pulsatilla vulgaris
Pasque flower
20-30 cm
20-30 cm
A-Kval P9
113
April-May pale-dark violet
Clumping companion. Plume-like seed-heads in fluffy spherical clusters.
P15
Santolina chamaecyparissus
Lavender cotton
30-60 cm
60-90cm
A-Kval P9
40
July-August yellow aromatic bloom
Clumping companion. Semi-woody, aromatic, evergreen, silver-gray foliage.
P16
Sedum spurium
Caucasian stonecrop
8-16 cm
30-60 cm
A-Kval P9
225
May- July red
Groundcover, evergreen (deep burgundy)
P17
Seslaria autumnalis
Autumn moor grass
40-50 cm
40-50 cm
A-Kval P9
150
September-October creamy white
Strong mounds of chartreuse semi-evergreen foliage,
P18
Sesleria nitida
Gray moor grass
40-60 cm
40 cm
A-Kval P9
40
Early Spring panicles of whitish-green flower spikelets
Evergreen, grey- to blue-green leaves
P19
Stipa barbata
Silver father grass
60- 90 cm
30-90 cm
A-Kval P9
68
Showy midsummer with yellow/silver awns
P20
Stachys Byzantina
Lambs’ ears
20-45cm
30-45 cm
A-Kval P9
136
May-July purplish pink
Groundcover
P21
Thymus serpyllum
Mother of thyme
8 cm
8-30 cm
A-Kval P9
128
June-July deep pink
Groundcover, evergreen
B1
Allium spharocephalon
Round-headed leek
45-60 cm
30-45 cm
6/+
2.820
June-July deep green changing to rose purple
Colorful, fragrant leaves
B2
Crocus chrysanthus ‘advance’
Snow crocus
7-15 cm
7-15 cm
5/+
2.310
February-March Lemon yellow with purple shading
B3
Muscari armeniacum
Garden grape-hyacinth
15-22 cm
7-15 cm
7/+
2.685
April royal blue with a thin white rim on each bell
Fragrant. Floppy clumps basal, green leaves appear in autumn & live through the winter
B4
Sternbergia lutea
Autumn daffodil
7-15 cm
7-15 cm
10/+
1.115
Early fall, goblet-shaped yellow flowers
Foliage will persist through winter
B5
Tulipa tarda
Late tulip
7-15 cm
7-15 cm
6/+
1.390
March-April White with yellow eye
TREES
SHRUBS
PERENNIALS
BULBS