THE COMM[UNIT]Y
AN URBAN DESIGN PROJECT IN SAN CRISTOBAL, COLOMBIA
CONTEXT
SITE SELECTION By overlapping the different problem together, the most problematic site is showed as below. By overlapping the different problem together, the most problematic site is showed as below.
CONFLICT BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT AND URBANIZATION
URBANIZATION IN ABURRĂ VALLEY
290KM TO THE NEW PORT As the dormitory community to Medellin, San Cristobal is attracting people from the surrounding area. Also, with the connection to the new port, the population of San Cristobal is projected to be tripled by 2050.
9.6KM TO DOWNTOWN Site
INSUFFICIENT OPENS PACE
High Density Informal settlement Building New Development Road
REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT Major Stream
Urban Area
San Cristobal
Major Roads FARMLAND DEGRADATION
Desegregated Farmland Farmland
The development in San Cristobal is facing the constrict from the topography and fragile geological foundation. On the other hand, the develop is accelerating the degradation of the environment but also causing the bad living condition.
1300
1200
Major Stream
Forest
Informal settlement
Building
Ecological Zone
WATER POLLUTION
CONFLICTION BETWEEN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT AND ENVIRONMENT 1100
Forestland
ANNUAL PRECIPITATION Floodplain
1000
1.LANDSLIDE
2.WATER POLLUTION
From the 1980s, the temperature
900
800
increased
1C and the precipitation 25%
688 homes LACK OF wastewater
3.FARMLAND DEGRADATION
treatment.
4.INSUFFICIENT OPENSPACE
Agriculture Other
Unemployed Employed
2.2 Million ppl
80
0.8 %.
60 700
1905
0.3 Million ppl
Nonrecoverable
1915
1925
20
POPULATION IN SAN CRISTOBAL
50000 ppl
1935
1945
LANDSLIDE
40
0.7 Million ppl
POPULATION IN MEDELLIN 600
Pollution Building in Flood Plain
2.9 Million ppl
2.22 %
of the families share their houses , while the municipal average less than
increased , which makes the disaster like landslide more easily to happen.
3.5 Million ppl
1955
1965
1975
Recoverable Slope above 50%
1985
1995
2005
2013 0
LOCAL ENGAGEMENT COLLABORATION--HOW THE SYSTEM WORKS INDIVIDUAL
GOVERNENT
DEVELOPER
EDUCATION INSTITUTE
NGO
INCENTIVES
$
INFRASTRUCTURE LAND FORMING HOUSING FOUNDATION INCREMENTAL HOUSING AMENITY
FAR
FUNDING
REGULATIONS ≤6 F
15M
40
LABOR
FUNDING
%
≤ 2.5
FAR
INSTRUCTION
WOOD
FOUNDATION INFRASTRUCTURE
$ $
LOCAL LABOR
DEVELOPER
RECYCLED BRICK
EDUCATION INSTITUTE
TRAINING GRAVEL RECYCLED BOTTLE
GOVERNMENT
UNEMPLOYED HOUSEWIFE
TRAINING
LOCAL LABOR
INVESTMENT +LAND $ VALUE
Longterm and regional vision
PLANNING STRATEGY
COMMUNITY
RESIDENTS
RETAIL
Local engagement with the community design.
NGO PLANNER
LANDSCAPE UNIT INSUFFICIENT OPENS PACE
FARMLAND DEGRADATION
WATER POLLUTION
LANDSLIDE
688 Homes LACK OF wastewater treatment.
From the 1980s, the temperature increased 1C and the precipitation increased 25%, which makes the disaster like landslide more easily to happen.
WATER MANAGEMENT
SLOPE STABILIZATION
San Cristobal 2.22 %
City Wide
of the families share their houses , while 0.5m/ inhabitant the municipal average less than 0.8%
Unemployed Employed
Agriculture Other
4.01m/ inhabitant
OPEN SPACE CREATION
Utilize the Space Under the Building
Utilize the Rooftop Space
Connected the Rooftop with Street
Introduce Recreational and Sports Filed
FARMLAND PROTECTION
Building as Stablization
Contour Ridging
Bioswale
Clay and Loam
Collect Rain Water and Guide Water Flow
Steep Slope
Terraced Farmland with Gabions
Rainwater Garden
Geocell
Steep Slopes
Collect Rainwater and Fltrate Water
Steep Slope Loose Soil
Vetiver Terracing
Wetland
Overlapped Gabions
Medium Slope
Fltrate Water
Medium Slope
Contour Cultivation
Retention Pond
Vegetated Gabions
Gentle Slopes
Fltrate Water Fooding Buer
Gentle Slope
ARCHITECTURE UNIT
1 SINGLE UNIT STRUCTURE
INCREMENTAL HOUSING FLOOR
4.5 ~ 6m
2 INCREMENTAL UNIT 3F - Stage A Apt.B Apt.A
3F - Stage B
3F - Stage C
3F
VARIATIONS
2F 1F Lower Floor Commercial Or Open Space
2F
Local Material
1F - Stage A
1F - Stage B
1F - Stage C
3 UNIT COMBINATION Future Construction Rooftop Garden Maximum Five-floor Construction Upper Level Street Lower Level Street Open Space
Material Compositions
Open Space Commercial Space
UNITS COMBINATION - A
SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY CIRCLE
URBAN CONDITION - COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY
Self-grown Fruits
Left over food transfered to market
Rooftop Farmland to Grow Daily Food Take advantage of the rooftop to build farmland and support daily needs, and the left over food would be transfered to food market held every weekends to engage the public
Weekly-Use Food Market Farmer
Residential
Sell or Exchange Second-hand Daily Necessities
Seasonal Event: Flea Market Residential can also engage the seasonal market by selling or exchanging second-hand daily necessities to their neighborhoods. Existing Slope
Proposed Slope
Local People
UNITS COMBINATION - B
CROPS BENEFICIAL FOR SOIL EROSION CONTROL
RURAL CONDITION-FARMLAND
Cassava
Pueraria Phaseoloides Macroptillium Atropurpureum
Calopagonium
PLANTS FOR SOIL EROSION CONTROL
Vetiver Grass
Cogon Grass
Napier Grass
Tussock Grass
SYMBIOSIS AND SOIL EROSION CONTROL Support Maize
Vetiver Grass
Vetiver Grass
Bean Squash
Gabion Wall
Nitrogen
Pest control
South America traditional agriculture utilize the symbiosis relationship between crops , like maize, bean and squash to establish a relative large yield in the sustainable way. The agriculture in and near the community could draw the experience from the traditional practice. Except for the large yield, it also require less pesticide , fertilizer and maintenance.
VEGETATIVE TECHNIQUES
N Existing Slope
Vetiver terracing utilizes the strong root system of vetiver to stabilize the slope, suitable for medium slope.
Contour cultivation that cultivate the crops along the contour is suitable for less steep slopes.
Strip cropping is an inexpensive, large-scale agri-industrial technique to improve the poor soils. Fast-growing plants can be repeatedly grown and then plowed into the soil to create a green manure, adding organic matter and depth to the soil over time.
ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES Proposed Slope
$ $2 per square meter Easy to acquire the material Create job from recycling Easy to manage by the local
Terraced farmland with gabions is suitable for steep slopes.
Contour ridging that with mounds and dredging suitable for clay and loam who’s drainage quality is low.
UNITS COMBINATION - C
TOPOGRAPHY AS WATER MANAGEMENT
Rain
Let the Gravity to Do the Work
CREEK CONDITION-LEISURE PARKS
From Upper Terrace
RAINWATER MANAGEMENT
Bioswale
Rainwater Collection & Filtration
Rainwater Garden
Rainwater Filtration
Wetland
Water Cistern Grey Water Preliminary Treatment
GREY WATER TREATMENT
WATER RECYCLE
Water Filtration
Medellin peopel daily consuption L/day Recycled Water 60% =127L/day
211
100000L/day
Texsting Site： 900 people = Retention Pond Water Storage & Flooding Buffer
RAINWATER COLLECTION
16.6
Average Rainfall days mm/day Testing Site: 100000mCollecting Area: 40000m 2
Recycled Water for Irrigation & Househood Use in the Lower Terrace
2
6640L/day
Texsting Site： Daily Rain Water Havesting：
MEDELLIN ANNUAL RAINFALL
Rainfall 1,672.9mm/year
250 200 150 100 50 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Medllin has two rainny season and two dry season. The landscape in dry and wet season would perform differently and be flexible.
Existing Slope
PLANTS FOR WETLAND AND RAINWATER GARDEN
Proposed Slope
Big Blue Stem
Sweetflag
Lythrum
Greater Bur-Reed
UNITS COMBINATION - D
SOCIAL GROUP NEEDS Insufficient Activity Space
PUBLIC SPACE CONDITION - INTERGENERATIONAL BRIDGE
Increased Open Space And Program
Activity
Open Space
Social Group Interaction
Circulation
Various Space for Different Social Group
Communication/Activity Programs for Various Groups
Open Space
Circulation
PLACE AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT Social Group
Need
Place
Exercise Child
Recreation
Sports Field
Women
Existing Slope
Accessibility Proposed Slope
Barrier-free access
Disabled
Communication Old
Plaza
PILOT SITE & METHODOLOGY WATER MANAGEMENT
REINFORCED FARMLAND
N
STRATEGY 1 -Local Access & Circulation -Proposed road system
SPORTS FIELDS STRATEGY 2 -Terrace as Framing Agent -Terraced landscape -Water management
GREEN LAND
PROPOSED BUILDING Greening Rate: 60% Building Density: 45% STRATEGY 3 -Self-built Housing Strategy -Housing platform -Incremental housing
local fabric
local fabric
local fabric
STRATEGY 4 -Open Space Reconfiguration -Green land -Water recreation -Urban farming -Sports field
EXISTING INFORMAL SETTLEMENT
STABLIZED SLOPE EXSITING HIGH-RISE STREET BUSINESS OPEN SPACE RETENTION POND INFORMAL SETTLEMENT Greening Rate: 30% Building Density: 35%
SELF MANAGED CONSTRUCTION -Terraced landscape -Water management
EXSITING HIGH-RISE Greening Rate: 30% Building Density: 60%
STRATEGY 5 -Propagation of Unit System -Circulation -Introduce landscape unit -Incremental Housing unit -Open space
TIME-BASED SCENARIO Existing
Proposed
Wet
Dry
Landslide Potential Self Managed Construction Wetland Rooftop Space
InsuďŹƒcient Opens Pace
Bioswale
Filtered Water Water Pollution
Rainwater Garden
Rainwater Garden
APPLICATION AND MEDIATION RETENTION POND
GREEN LAND
SPORTS FIELDS
REINFORCED FARMLAND OPEN SPACE
ROOFTOP FARMLAND
EXSITING HIGH-RISE WATER MANAGEMENT
STABLIZED SLOPE
SELF MANAGED CONSTRUCTION
EXISTING INFORMAL SETTLEMENT
WATER TREATMENT CISTERN
BRIDGE
CISTERN
CISTERN
BRIDGE
CISTERN FOR REUSE WATER SLOPE STABLIZATION
WATER TREATMENT
COMMUNITY EXTENSION
CISTERN FOR REUSE WATER
CISTERN
INCREMENTAL HOUSING SECTION
OPEN SPACE
WOOD LAND
CREEK
WATER INFILTRATION ROAD
WATER RECREATIONAL AREA
RAIN GARDEN
HOUSING
GREEN LAND
OPEN SPACE
ROAD