FAMILIES IN THE CITY
EGA study by heren 5 architects > English version 2.0 - august 2017
‘Families in the city’ Is a study for the ideal One Family Apartment (OFA)
Introduction Research shows that many young families in Amsterdam are dissatisfied with their homes and residential environment. This causes many families to leave the city or consider doing so. This is a problem! Because families use many facilities, that has an important influence on the urban economy. In addition, the families leaving the city leads to a deterioration of the population of the city. Families also provide strong social networks, thanks to meetings between parents and children at kindergardens, schools and clubs. This means the family is the so called ‘glue’ of the city. In cooperation with two students of the Academy of Architecture, Heren 5 architects have researched how to make the city for the family more attractive in urban and architectural matters. By analyzing statistical data and thorough self-research, we have mapped what a family moves to leave or live in the city. We have involved experts from all disciplines to highlight the subject of all aspects. Both brokers, urbanists, Urban planners of Amsterdam, corporations and a developer participated the study. And of course, the bulk of our research is by the family theirselfs: how does a family use the city and their city-house? All of this has resulted in 10 agenda items. By following these we believe the city can look forward to a family-rich future. This study resulted in the realization of the first OFA apartment block in Amsterdam West for 37 families. The public space, the block and the units are designed following the agenda of this study.
Reading guide Expensive, too small, feeling of insecurity, lot of traffic, high parking pressure and none or too small outdoor space are the most common reasons young families give when asking why they want to leave the city. In Chapter 1 - facts we summarize some interesting facts about the relationship between family and city. As a brain training and to get rid of the Dutch standard plans, in Chapter 2 - examples abroad, we shed light on five homes of 5 former interns from our studio from different cities in Europe. We asked the ex-trainees to draw the layout of their apartment in which they grew up, followed by the question how they used the house. The analysis of these layouts has led to a number of interesting results that have been incorporated into the agenda items. A photo report of five Amsterdam families can be seen in Chapter 3 - 5 families. We have selected five families from different neighborhoods, income groups and varying social backgrounds. We have surveyed and visited the families in order to get an idea of ​​how the families use the city. The lives of these families have been beautifully recorded by professional photographer Leonard Fäustle. This has resulted in four sketches per family that make clear, at different levels of scale, how the family live, from citydistrict to housing plan. The analysis of the foreign examples and the five Amsterdam families eventually resulted in 10 agenda items, which can be found in chapter 4 agenda. Because of this study we are asked to design a social housing apartment building for 37 families. This final chapter 5 - Kolenkithuis contains a documentation of this project. 2 months ago this building has been opened to the families.
facts H1
Causes of moving Small houses No or limited outdoor space Traffic pressure Feeling of insecurity high cost
H1 P11
Amsterdam in 1950: 16,000 cars and 186,000 children
Amsterdam in 2000: 227,000 cars and 102,000 children
Children & cars
H1 P13
27 27
35%
Netherlands average: 35 35 35% of all households consist of families
42%
Growth cores: 42 42 42% of all households at VINEX (dutch suburbs) locations consist of families
26%
big cities: 26 households in large 26% 26 of all cities are families
Families & households
27%
26
Amsterdam: 27 27% of all households in Amsterdam consist of families. A total of 378,000 households, of which 102,000 families
H1 P15
N
%
5%
25%
35%
50%
Percentage of families per neighborhood in 2009
27
Families in Amsterdam 35
42
26
12%
73
Of housing stock in Amsterdam is 12% Family 12 houses. Amsterdam has 380,000 houses in total, there are 45,000 family houses
H1 P17
39,000 single parent families
63,000 two-parent families
Family composition
A total of 102,000 families in Amsterdam
H1 P19
35
42
73%
73 73% of all families in Amsterdam are dissatisfied with their current living situation and have a moving wish. 73% of families with a relocation wish, like to live in Amsterdam.
12
a desire to move
H1 P21
On the GWL site in Amsterdam, a house of 100 m2 is sold for â‚Ź 360,000
in Almere, you can buy a house of 188 m2 for â‚Ź 360,000. Almost twice as big for the same money!
Cost, location & size
H1 P23
500m | 8-12 years Children from 8-12 years need an action range of 500 meters to develop independence. Facilities from neighboring neighborhoods increasingly belong to the habitat
Action radius
150m | 4-8 years Children from 4 to 8 years need a 150-meter action range to develop social skills
30m | 0-4 years Children from 0-4 years need an action radius of 30m to develop their motor skills
H1 P25
Examples abroad H2
barcelona ana from spain 4 persons 118 m2/ 1 270 ft2
H2 P29
N
Play everywhere Play is central Games room, roundabout and places Many small rooms 2 bathrooms 1 large bedroom for parents 1 small bedroom for 2 girls Study room for father
H2 P31
genova francesca from Italy 4 persons 130m2 / 1400 ft2
H2 P33
N
Kitchen as a study 2 small useful hallways Many small rooms Kitchen is intensly & widely used Dining / living room only for Christmas dinners 1 bathroom 3 bedrooms 2 study rooms for father and mother
H2 P35
bucharest laura from romania 4 persons 70m2 / 753 ft2
H2 P37
Balcony without access Useful central hall Intensive use of the kitchen 1 bathroom with toilet Extra toilet 2 bedrooms Living room is study room is bedroom
H2 P39
albacete paula from spain 5 persons 120m2 / 1 291 ft2
H2 P41
Real grow house Central hall is wardrobe Many small rooms Extra rooms built on balconies Living room is always used 2 bathrooms  4 bedrooms
H2 P43
porto ricardo from portugal 4 persons 125m2 / 1 345 ft2
H2 P45
Inside you sleep The neighborhood (green) is much more important than the home
H2 P47
5 families in Amsterdam H3
work martijn 4x a week 30 min. by car
supermarket 2x per week 4 min. by bicycle
highschool 5x per week 5 min. walk
northermarket 1x per week 5 min. by bicycle
kindergarten 4x per week 10 min. by bicycle
for work and kindergarden martijn and marcia leave the neighborhood
marcia & martijn
finn & malou westerpark 65 houses/ha 4 persons 60 m2 / 645 ft2 , 2nd floor rent 1 car
H3 P51
es
nch
be are here
d behin seek tim d n h -a hide dges wit e of tim the h rden a g n e h c it the k here eryw e ev re f m i’ here rs from re no ca a re e h
here lives tim bench of mom i always have to see her
et to
stre g the
ssin 2x cro re squa
rogier look out for the big trees
30m . walk 1 min uare q s e th
N
ig
the b
to
150m h
can ere i
play
500m
Picnic in town
H3 P55
in.
0m
y cit to e bik
e1 ntr
ce
us
er
sup
ro ge
d
roa
n
da
plan und ts to hid er e pty alwasy em s square, shop are closed nice tree y from balcon
ds are
peter & frien here
to GWL 5 min walk to van 2 min. walk lein Beuningenp
my playing is heard re every-whe
nice and calm street
grandpa is sitting in the sun here
s here are kid the playing on playground f
mysel can go here in 2 years i ed here w lo al t no cars are
w
‘to
s’
her
atc
er w
2 playgrounds nearby
H3 P59
rse & ho uch d ol co e as rag sto
he rt fo by ba
t
eadse
eless h my wir
m fro d & be om m d da
h
nc
d
e yb
m
ng
rki
m
o yw
be
Light and functional Compact hall, 2x2m Central living room where almost all rooms come out Large outdoor area Storage in the attic, not in the house Spacious staircase as a buggy storage Growth potential of the home is limited
H3 P63
park 5 min. walk
library 10 min. walk
shopping 5min. walk 3x per week
sukran
sinem, irem & evecan bos en lommer 75 houses/ha 4 persons 130m2 / 1400 ft2, 2nd and 3nd floor rent 1 car
H3 P69
30m to e ets av re i h e st re th he oss cr
ry
ra
lib
N
150m
playground ‘here the big kids play, we play on the table tennis
r square mercato for up till the atch out w , fe sa it’s pretty gh cars thou
500m
at the age of 9 alone to the library
H3 P71
hangout kids are scary sometimes
table tennins no crossing of roads
to school
to library
Playground is a hangout
H3 P75
e errac the t or to h the o d a n’t ig wis is a b ration do o p r o c t t tha wan
irs we
upsta
sleep
loset is a c there the re whe r was e show
, mom bed oes d d a d ere ve h not li ore m any
rk ewo hom table
.
16 y.o
sister
lay to p sleep ce pla tly, or quie
e ew plac play, the d is this ys sit an ere h a alw cooks mom er in show here
oes no sh d e w o ll a mom says
m n mo whe itors is has v y la we p here
er
r corn
pute
om the c this is e ryon e v e for
rather 1 floor Large kitchen kitchen Extra room next to the kitchen Lots of privacy Living room for guests only private entrance
H3 P79
4x a week work liesbeth ferry e, 15 min. by 10 min..by bik
a week ekend, once trips in the we ay station e to the railw bik by n. mi 10
shopping 3 min. by bike
football outside, 11 min. by bike
primary school 8 min. by bike
work paul, 5x per week 10 min. by bike & 20 min. by train
football 2x a week, 30 min. by bike
liesbeth & paul
enzo & bruno centrum 80 houses/ha 4 persons
120 m2, basement and ground floor no car
H3 P83
500m
150m
30m
N
on sunday with the train
H3 P87
in the st ora under th ge is building w can pla e y in the hallwa y
se
rd e
rabbit
s
ga
re wild
we pla y garde football in th n of th e neig e hbors
the
here a
n
ru
nn
in
g
ar ou
we als o the sto like to play ‘o rages n’
patio
our hou
nd
enzo & b boys in runo the on ly the blo ck
garden as urban jungle
H3 P91
dad makes us breakfast in bed every morning
enzo h a go tro s to ug bedro h my om
these bedrooms were not here before it’s kinda dark in here
ne
o this
this
o et
us
go
...
too
en
op
n ntio xpa r an ye mil ce fo a h fa wit e is sp m r he a roo r ext
here we do homework
ga jun te t gle o o
ur
urb
an
the grow-along-house Back house - canal house Adjustable by height Low traffic space No real private space Large backyard
H3 P97
work Egbert, 4x a week 15 min. by bike + 15 min. ferry
work femke, 4x a week 15 min. by bike + 20 min. by train
shopping mall 2x a week 6 min. by bike primary school 5x a week 11 min. by bike
kindergarten, 4x a week 3 min. by bike dappermarkt 1x a week 5 min. by bike
femke & egbert bonne & janske funenpark, city centre 110 houses /ha 4 persons 90 m2, groundfloor 1 car
H3 P103
500m
150m
30m
the mill that doesn’t work anymore
l choo
l fs choo my s in front o s tree
N
le
eop
rt’ p
sma
the ‘
s
al
im
an ild w oo) (z
g
in
p op sh o d ike e w yb re n. b e h mi 3
8 schools nearby
H3 P109
n
our house
e o nic e t w nc e n tra en rk pa
re are
am C S
out table with chairs, neighbours ! at come to ch
whe
friends
n
evening su
every
green mountain
kids
tio uc str !!! n o d r c un de gro un lay n p ne g fu itin x e
s
ere are tulip
in spring th
t allowed
cars are no
d
hbourhoo
in this neig
der this long
parking un
train
to am
sterd
friends
building our ood neighbourh
to school
Car free & child friendly
H3 P113
s
bike
e com to nds frie k here e c kno outsid y pla
can
y
pla
rom df be rd oa d pb da cu nd the m a mo
e ew her
new cabinet
here are all our toys
heater cabinet hiere is my coat
buggy in small cabinet
here mom & dad sit in the sun
mom sows he re, dad makes architecture not for kids!!
!
my first sand
pit
flowers so the kids don’t walk to the neighbours
storage with bed for baby & gues t bed
too much hallway
H3 P119
work maarten, 4x a week, 15 min. by bike sports for kid 1x a week 10 min. by bike shopping mall 2x week 10 min. by bike primary school 5x a week 7 min. bike
work hanneke, 3x a week, 10 min. by bike, 5 min ferry 15 minn. bike
sports maarten 2x a week 10 min. bike, 5 min. ferry, 20 min. bike
hanneke & maarten jilles & merijn
Amsterdam North, vogeldorp 81 houses /ha 4 persons 50 m2 / 538 ft2, corner house with garden 200m2 garden whitin 5 min. walk 1 car
H3 P123
my room 150m
500m
30m
dangerous crossing
an
c you ere ol h o from the p see
m sum e c a pl
ick
ckn
i er p
under the ‘big road’ (A10)
pool ally’s dad says he fin at ease here dark bike-path under the trees
N
‘the big hole’ dad says; the cars are in a rush to get to the cite centre water to the ‘ij’?
to the pool
H3 P127
our weekend garden
garden for public
friend rene moved to surinam
playground
the highest window of town, princess reina
house Christine & tall Jeroen pool in summer
dangerous speeding cars
playground in the street
house of kwakkie
feeding the ducks
museum
to school
vogeldorp
just like a bungalowpark
H3 P133
e
ag
r sto y m d be
m
s es
o ro
inc
pr
m
s jilli
ow
ind
o ro
w
y
az cr d da ath ir ve a b d e kes fi w ta he
d & be om m
ed
sb
jilli
dad made all himself
storage in this hole is my brother
Our table is a chair
H3 P137
femke & egbert bonne & janske on 90m2
liesbeth & paul enzo & bruno on 120m2
marcia & martijn finn & malou on 60m2
5 plans
hanneke & maarten jilles & merijn on 53m2
soukran, sinem, irem & evecan on 130m2
H3 P145
agenda H4 Based on our findings, we have compiled an agenda that can serve as a tool for creating an OFA (One Family Apartment) in the city.
Make many rooms 1 ‘An OFA consists of many rooms. Therefore, prefer the apartment to have more smaller rooms than one large living room with kitchen. ‘
Play in the hallway 2 ‘An OFA does not have a narrow hallway. A traffic area is more! Dimension this hallway so that the race track also fits in. ‘
Flexible room 3 The flexible room is adjacent to the room and supports the different use of the busy family life during the hours of the day and week.
house grows along 4 ‘A feature of a family is the change in family size and space needs. Make the structure and the facade so that the OFA is flexible and can grow with the family.
double use 5 “In an OFA many activities take place in a row. Make sure that, for example, the collective space can be a playground and that a table is a highchair. ‘
everywhere are spaces 6 “Families generally need a lot of stuff and have chronic lack of storage space. Therefore, reserve places for the buggy, the children’s bikes and the dirty street shoes. ‘
going outside 7 ‘A good outdoor space, portico or gallery makes it attractive for children to play outside the home but within the collective domain.’
play nearby the house 8 “Everyone wants to park his car in front of the door. But this is often also the place to play close to home. A traffic free environment without parked cars is the best. “
30 m 150 m 500 m
diversity around 9 “Children have their own action radius, depending on their age. Each age group needs different playgrounds and facilities. Make sure there is always a great diversity in the area. ‘
save passage through 10 the neighbourhood ‘Busy streets and uncluttered crossings are difficult barriers to take on the road to, schools, playground or swimming pool. Organize the public space in such a way that a child can go safely and independently. “
OFA built - 1st project H5 37 families under one roof - Kolenkithouse Following the OFA (one family apartment) study, the Kolenkithouse has become a range of a Family Apartments, with a selection of maisonettes, (raised) single - family houses and family-apartments in one closed building block. This is our first built project with the results from the study incorporated in the design. In the following chapter, we will explain how this design was set up, from these agenda points
0-4 jaar 4-8 jaar 8-12 jaar
action radius kind child actieradius
Een autovrije woonbuurt
A car free neighbourhood!
context location #9 diversity
around
“Children have their own action radius, depending on their age. Each age group needs different playgrounds and 30 m
facilities. Make sure there is always a great diversity in the area. ‘
150 m 500 m
In the Kolenkit buurt in Amsterdam West we designed the block and it’s courtyard as the radius for the youngest groups. The car free streets surrounding the blocks are the save playing area for the older children.
H5 P171
context
#9 save passage through neighbourhood
context
#8 play nearby the house
making yourwoning individual house recognizalbe Individuele afleesbaar maken
recognizing your house point out where you live
As every family is unique, each house in the Kolenkit house has it’s own individuality thanks to various decorative brick patterns and layout of the apartments.
Het Kolenkithuis; 37 gezinnen onder één dak
37 Families under 1 roof
your own house in the OFA #7 going outside Small green gardens in front of the facades provide a smooth transition to the car-free child-friendly neighborhood.
a7
environment #7 going outside
‘A good outdoor space, portico or gallery makes it attractive for children to play outside the home but within the collective domain.’
lifted street #7going outside
playing on the gallery, or courtyard for the small children.
opgetilde eengezinswoninge eengezinswoning
opgetilde eengezinswoning
eengezinsappartementen
the apartment
eengezinsappartement
eengezinsmaisonnette
opgetildelifted eengezinswoning family
eengezinswoning
house
eengezinsmaisonnette
Een keur aan woningtypen
eengezinsappartement
eengezinsmaisonnette
Een keur aan woningtypen
opgetilde eengezinswoning
eengezinsmaisonnette
eengezinswoningen
maisonnetten
eengezinsmaisonnette
Family maisonnette
a wide range different apartment types Een keur aanin woningtypen
kindergarden kind voorzieningen family house
eengezinswoning
en
many types of apartments eengezinsmaisonnette
#4 house grows along
maisonnetten
Family maisonnette
eengezinsmaisonnette
The design of the homes has taken into account the wishes of the “family� as discovered during our study. There are many rooms, spacious entrances, annexes to the living room and a good organization between private rooms and rooms where you receive family and friends.
family house #4 house grows along
eengezinswoning
eengezinswoning
apartment
opgetilde eenge
#1 make many rooms
eengezinsappartement
Een keur aan woningtypen
eenge
the OFA apartments
13
14
15 16
13
14
15 16
9
10
11
12
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
9
10
11
12
13
10
16 15
14
13
16 15
14
9
MAKE MANY ROOMS FLEXIBLE ROOM
10
11
12
6
10
9
8
5
7
16 15
14
9
13
13
14
15 16
13
14
15 16
PLAY IN THE HALLWAY / GALLERY
16
15
14
13
12
11
OFA apartment agenda points - #1, #2, #3 MAKE MANY ROOMS
eengezinswoning
PLAY IN THE HALLWAY / GALLERY
FLEXIBLE ROOM
eengezinsappartement
Een keur aan woningtypen
opget
Credits Study: 2010
Heren 5 architecten: Bas Liesker, Jeroen Atteveld Academie van Bouwkunst: Wai Ming Lam, Immanuel Fäustle Fotografie: Leonard Fäustle, Luuk Kramer
Families: Femke & Egbert, Liesbeth & Paul, Sukran, Hanneke & Maarten, Marcia & Martijn
Expert group: Marijke Nas (AM wonen), Erik van der Linden (SWZ) Barbara de Rijk (Geraldine Hallie Groep) Tineke van der Pol (DRO), Tineke de Jong
Print: 1st print October 2010 2nd print August 2017
Design team heren 5, Kolenkithouse: Bas Liesker, Jeroen Atteveld, Tuan Tu, Klaas-Hein Veenhof, Michael van Bergen