Carbon Capture and Storage With a renewed focus on carbon capture and storage, energy companies are doubling down on innovation to reduce and capture CO2 emissions, or use such emissions by chemically turning them into saleable products or in enhanced oil recovery. Holland & Knight's Carbon Capture and Storage Team assists clients in bringing carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects to life by leveraging the firm's vast experience in the energy sector (both traditional and transitional), tax credits and renewable energy incentives. In addition, the team is supported by knowledgeable and skilled attorneys and professionals within the firm's market-leading practices in project development, project finance (including tax equity financing and U.S. Department of Energy loan financing), tax, environmental, energy regulatory, real estate, midstream pipeline, well disposal and storage; CO2 and product sales agreements; construction and federal energy policy. Holland & Knight attorneys and professionals work with developers and investors to develop and finance CCS projects, as well as navigate the regulatory issues and tax benefits in this rapidly evolving industry that are key to their commercial success. Our Carbon Capture and Storage Team's experience includes advising and handling: Internal Revenue Code (IRC) Section 45Q carbon capture, use and sequestration tax credits, including latest developments in federal and state clean tax policy and status of direct pay Financing (tax equity, debt, sale-leasebacks), intercreditor, security and equity contribution agreements, including latest deal structures required by tax equity investors Class VI well permits, including negotiating with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state regulatory authorities on the financial responsibility under such permits, as well as strategies and legislative initiatives to limit (or quantify) liability for future releases Governmental regulatory and relations, including pipeline, permitting and environmental regulations (monitoring, clean water, pollution discharge and air quality) Siting, leases and real estate issues, including pore space issues Low carbon fuel standards and other renewable energy incentives to help maximize biofuel sales and other transaction economics, including California's low carbon fuel standard CO2 purchase and sale agreements, transport agreements and storage monitoring agreements Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contracts Operation and maintenance agreements Analysis of public-private partnership (P3) structures to jointly develop with government carbon capture schemes Analysis of investments in forest cover as an option to develop carbon capture and carbon credits
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