VNLA July/Aug/Sept 2016 newsletter

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2016 VNLA Officers & Directors OFFICERS

1 YR DIRECTORS

2 YR DIRECTORS

Educational Advisors

VT/HRAREC Ex-Officio non-voting

JEFFREY HOWE, Certification ‘16 Windridge Landscaping Co DR. JIM OWEN 7158 Rockfish Valley Rd HARAREC Afton, VA 22920-3182 1444 Diamond Springs Rd 434-361-1588 Virginia Beach, VA 23455 Christopher@lancasterfarms.com Cell: (434) 531-1919 (757) 363-3804 jhowe@windridgelandscapjim.owen@vt.edu JOSH ELLINGER, ing.com Vice President DR. LAURIE FOX VIRGINIA ROCKWELL ‘12 Environmental Affairs ‘15 SCOTT PRICE, HRAREC, Gentle Gardener Green Design Waynesboro Nurseries PO Box 897 Education ‘16 1444 Diamond Springs Rd; PO Box 191 Waynesboro VA 22980-0987 David Scott Price Design VA Beach, VA 23455-3363 Montpelier, VA 22957-0191 540-946-3800 2772 Earleysville Rd (cell) 434-531-0467 757-363-3807 Cell: 540-836-6851 Earlysville, VA 22936-9665 gentlegardener@gmail.com Cell: 757-284-6139 Josh@wnurseries.com 434-466-5656 Cell: ljfox@vt.edu scott@dscottprice.com Secretary/ Treasurer BRENT HUNSINGER, AARON WILLIAMS ‘14 DR. ROGER HARRIS Legislation’15 THOMAS BUCKLEY Education Committee VA Tech Public Relations ‘16 Williams Landscape & Design Brent's Native Plantings Horticulture Dept. Head 10715 Hamilton's Crossing Dr Riverbend Nursery PO Box 7001 Saunders Hall (0327) 1295 Mt Elbert Rd Williamsburg VA 23188-7001 Fredericksburg, VA 22408 Blacksburg, VA 24061-0001 443-655-3410 Riner VA 24149-3611 757-564-7011 540-231-5451 brenthunsinger@gmail.com 800-638-3362 x102 aaron@wldgreen.com rharris@vt.edu Cell: 540-850-0420 DOUG RODES, thomas@riverbendnursery.com Past President Membership ‘15 MANTS’ Directors SONYA L. WESTERVELT James River Nurseries Director-At-Large Public Relations ‘10 13244 Ashland Rd Saunders Brothers Inc JOHN LANCASTER‘02 Ashland VA 23005-7504 2717 Tye Brook Highway Ex-Officio non-voting Bennett’s Creek Nursery (804) 798-2020 Piney River, VA 22964 17497 Benns Church Blvd Cell: (804) 380-5259 (434) 277-5455 TOM THOMPSON, Smithfield, VA 23430 drodes@jamesrivernursesonya@saundersbrothers.com Environmental Affairs ‘10 757-483-1425 ries.com Natural Art Landscaping john@bcnursery.com Executive Director 3540 S Belmont Rd Richmond VA 23234-2912 ROBIN RINACA - 15 (804) 674-5703 JEFFREY B. MILLER Eastern Shore Nursery of VA Naturalartlandscaping@yaHorticulture Management PO Box 400 hoo.com Associates LLC Melfa, VA 23410-0400 383 Coal Hollow Road 757-787-4732 Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 rrinaca@esnursery.com 1-800-476-0055 Fax: 540-382-2716 DANNY SHRECKHISE info@vnla.org Shreckhise Nurseries ‘12 PO Box 428 Grottoes, VA 24441-0428 540-249-5761 Danny@shreckhise.com President BILL GOULDIN ‘12 Strange’s Florist/Garden Ctrs 12111 W. Broad St. Richmond, VA 23233 804-360-2800 wjg@stranges.com

VNLA Newsletter VNLA Newsletter

CHRISTOPHER BROWN JR

Research Committee ‘13 Lancaster Farms 5800 Knotts Neck Rd Suffolk VA 23435-1353 757-484-4421

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

33

News Leigh Townsend Recognized News - Governor McAuliffe Kicks-off............. 45 An- update on Wavyleaf Basketgrass New RMP Program in Weyers Cave ................ for Business Turnaround ..................................

1057 Plant Profile: Calocedrus decurrens News IA & ASIC Release Revised Landscape BMPs News National Gardening Bureau Announces (California incense-cedar) .............................. 12 .....................................................................................

36 Year of Begonia .....................................

VSLD2016 Membership ...........................................

14 39 News - NVNLA Byron Wates Award ......................... 25Table News Saunders Brothers, 2015 Agribusiness A - Board Meeting Summary 3/2/16 ................... 60 Newsof- the Overdevest Nurseries Teams with Year Award ..........................................

A - Certification Quiz Article ............................. 27 11 Celebrity Chef Jonathan Bardzik ...................

24 News - VDACS New Program Manager ....................

A -News Certification Quiz # Creek 76 Serves ..................................

35 1636 Ad - Bennett’s Nursery ......................................

59 Recent Bee Kill as a Reminder ...........

News - VDOT'S Pollinator Habitat Program Moves A -News Certification, What’s Happening Now? .......

11 Ad Bremo Trees .........................................................

60 – Riverbend Nursery Sold toward Statewide Implementation ...............

39 A - Certified 2016 .................

36....................

Adto-Horticulturist Eastern ShoreNew Nurseries of Virginia 39 Private Equity Firm ...................................

58 News Ward and Haymore: Virginia agriculture, A -News Workshop Claudia West Charrette ..............

38 Ad Farm Credit ..........................................................

60 – Dr. Holly Scoggins plow ahead the bay ....................

A - Fieldfarmers Day - The Market atfor Grelen 43 1428 Ad - Joel Goodson andHonored Associates ......................................

33 & Shuman at .................

Gala ...................

Profile VAC Staff Profile: Katie Frazier ................

12 A -News Field Ad Day Host: Grelen Nursery ....................

41 Gossett’s Landscape Nursery ...............................

49 -- The 10th Annual Garden Gala ........................ 28 Research Irrigation Water Quality A -News Field Ad Schedule ........................................

39 - Guthrie Nursery ...................................................

40 -Day VDACS Deputy Commissioner 38 a Sustainable Green Industry ...................... ..................

A -Obituary Fieldfor Day Speakers ........................................

40 5113 Ad Hanover Farms .....................................................

19 -- Bruce Nash .................................................

Tips - AreAd You Reporting Groundwater A -Obituary Member JamesYour River Nursery Hawksridge Farm .................................................

35 --Profile: Fred Richardson .........................................

14 Withdrawals? .................................................

52 ........ 45 & Mike .......................................

18 Assoc Ad -Hildebrand - Kurt Johnston County Nursery Marketing Obituary Bluemel ..............................................

15 Tips - Experts Directory from Virginia Tech CALS A -Obituary New Members Congratulations! ...................

25 ... 5214 Ad Lancaster Farms ...................................................

36 -- Max Quillen ...............................................

Tips Leading with a Purpose, A -Research Noxious Committee Meeting ............

22 Ad -Weeds Mid-Atlantic Solutions ........................................

25 Nutrient Runoff from Urban Lawns .......... 29 Growing Our People by Intention .................

56 - Ad Become More Productive Immediately ............

44 A -Tips Photo Contest Rules .....................................

17 - OHP - Biathlon ....................................................

2 Tips - Pomegranates ....................................................

- Ad It's What You....................................

Know ...................................

A -Tips Photo Contest Winner 17 4248 -Not Pender Nursery ....................................................

51 Tips - There's an App forTips That! ...................................

- Ad Lobbying 101 and Suggestions A -Tips Save the Field Day Grelen Nursery................

5 5342 -Date!

Plantworks Nursery..............................................

47 Tips -Media Interviews ................................................

- Ad Nobody Said It Was Easy Networking ............

A -Tips Summer .................................................

42 6046 -Tour Shreckhise Nurseries............................................

11 Tips -Soils &-Conservation Landscape Management 2345 - Ad Talking Points to Address Lawn Care Issues A -Tips Workshop, Field Day, Summer Tour ............

7 .....

SiteLight ID .........................................................

13 VNLA Class/Test Schedules Tips- -Certification Workers' Compensation Mitigation...............

Strategies65 . 48 Ad - TD Watkins ..........................................................

4 VNLA Certification Quiz # 74 ..................................

34 VNLAAd - “Plant Something” - Turtle Creek Nursery ........................................... 37 VNLA - Certification Quiz Article #74 .......................

2819 Marketing Program ..........................

AdMember - Waynesboro Nurseries .........................................

9 VNLA - Digital Image Guidelines for Newsletter .......

58 8 VNLA 2014 Virginia Certified Horticulturist ...........

Ad - Willow Springs Tree Farms .................................

52 VNLA - Plant Something Marketing Benefits.................. ............ 6349 VNLA - Minutes Summer Meeting -Board MobileEvents - VNLA Calendar .........................................................

58 VNLA - Quiz Article ...................................................

2427 VNLA Bonnie Appleton Memorial Fund.................

Events - Land Transfer to Generation “NEXT” ...........

56 Friendly App VNLA - Certification Seal………………………...

8, VNLA - Photo Contest Winner 1761 Events - MANTS 2017................................... ................................................

57 VNLA - Certification Quiz #69 ................................... 33 Guide to Virginia Letter - Agriculture in the Classroom .......................... 7 VNLA - Certification Quiz Article .............................. 29 Letters - International Plant Propagators Society........ 8 Growers!

VNLA - Summer Tour/Field Day Photos .................... 59 Letters - Virginia Agribusiness Council ...................... 7 VNLA - New Members ............................................... 7 News - "Trees for Bees" from HRI ................... 16 LookPoster up .........................

VNLA – New Certified Horticulturist 8 News A Faster Way to Get Rid ofField Kudzu ................

12 VNLA - New VNLA Logo Introduced at Day ..

19 plantNames sources, News AmericanHort Ken Fisher VNLA – Newsletter Ad Specs .....................................

60 hotlinks to as President 8 VNLA - Photo Contest Winnerand andCEO Rules................................. .................. 17 News Dr. Basil Gooden Named grower email, VNLA - Profile - Dan Gregg, Grelen Nursery, 18 Tree Care,ofwebsite &Agriculture The Market&atForestry Grelen .................

20 wGrelenSecretary News Maryland Bans Sale of 3 Ornamental VNLA – Research Gala/Auction Changes .................. 34 andDate! phone!

Save Invasive Plants, more to Come ......................

14 VNLA - Scholarship - the Amy Puckett ............................

10 News New Boxwood Quarantine for Pennsylvania .

12 www.vnla.org/Grower-Guide VNLA - Scholarship - Robert Nance ...........................

11 Thursday, August 11, 2016 News - New/Revised On-Line Tools: .......................... 32 Field Day Plan to Eliminate News -VNLA Ortho Brand Announces Neonics fromSomerset, All its OutdoorVA Products.......... 50 Grelen Nursery, News - The Virginia Horticultural Foundation New Education Program Coordinator 016 4 ............. 16 News Secretary December 2015- Todd Haymore Named VNLA Newsletter tember 2014 VNLA Newsletter of Commerce and Trade ...................................

18 News - Triathlon® BA biofungicide OMRI Listed ..... 32 News - Urban Forestry 2020 ........................................ 20 News - Virginia Conservation Assistance Program (VCAP) ......................... 19 News - Virginia Green Industry Economic Impact Survey 2016 ....................................... 9 News - VSU Recertified “Tree Campus USA ............ 32 News - WPS Focus: Worker and Handler training ..... 33 Research - Pollinator Protection in Green Industry .... 48 VNLA Newsletter 4

photos by Michele Fletcher

of

Mission Statement: To Enhance and promote VirVision: leader andand resource for the Vision:totobecome becomethethe leader resource forVirthe ginia’s nursery and landscape industry. ginia nursery and and landscape industry.

Virginia nursery landscape industry.

Vision: to become the leader and resource for the VirObjectives Objectives Contents ginia nursery and landscape industry.

Educated, Available Educated, Available Skilled Skilled Labor Labor Force Force -- Goal: Goal: Objectives VNLA will continue to promote programs that will VNLA will continue to promote programs that will Research - Red-Headed Flea Beetles ...........................

41 Educated, Available Skilled Labor Force - labor Goal: education, train and provide an available skilled education, train and provide an available skilled Research - Sniffing Out Overwintering Stink Bugs....la39 VNLA will continue to promote programs that will force. bor force.

Research - TREE Fund Awards education, train and provide an available skilled labor Will Support Healthier Urban Trees ................

40 Effective and GOAL: Effective Communication and Advocacy Advocacy GOAL: force. Communication Tips Beech Bark Disease ...........................................

46 VNLA VNLA will will effectively effepctivelycommunication communicationamong among staff, staff, Effective Communication and Advocacy GOAL: Tips - Computer Tips: *.Docand Files 36 board, members, partners the community. board, members, partners and the.............................. community.

VNLA will effepctively communication among staff, Tips - Marketing: Should You Push or Pull? .............. 47 Maximizing and Allocation Resources -- GOAL: Maximizing and partners Allocation Resources GOAL: board, members, and the community.

Tips - Mentor Students .................................................

48 VNLA will secure increased funding from diverse VNLA will secure increased funding from diverse TipsMaximizing - New marketand idea:Allocation Recycle Woody Materials ...

51 Resources - GOAL: sources and the necessary staff, boardboard and comsources andsecure secure the necessary staff, and Tips The ‘Shazam’ For Plants ...................................

36 VNLA will secure increased funding from diverse mittee members runtoarun dynamic organization. committee members a dynamic organization.47 Tips - The Value oftoCertification ................................. sources and secure the necessary staff, board and comTips - Understanding the mittee members run Terms a dynamic organization.

Expand Membership and -Affordable Membership andtoOutreach Outreach - GOAL: GOAL: Expand and and and Minimum Value Coverage ........................ 38 communicate the value of membership. communicate the value of membership.

Membership and Outreach - GOAL: Expand and Tips - Urban Stormwater: Terms & Definitions ......... 22 communicate-- GOAL: the valueVNLA of membership.

Stewardship will promote adoption Stewardship GOAL: VNLA will promote adoption VNLA - Board Meeting Summary - 6/11/16 ...............

43 of Best Management Practices. of Best Management Practices.

Stewardship - GOAL: will promote adoption VNLA - Certification QuizVNLA # 77 ..................................

31 of Best Management VNLA - Field Day Photos ...........................................

54 Strategic Marketing -Practices.

Strategic Marketing - GOAL: GOAL: VNLA VNLA will will promote promote VNLA – Summer Tour Photos ....................................

55 itself as the itself as the the leader leader and and resource resource ofVNLA thegreen green industry.

Strategic Marketing - GOAL:of willindustry. promote VNLA - Lighthouse Program ......................................

37 itself asWhat the leader and resource of the green industry. are problems?

What are members problems?

VNLA – Newslette Admembers Specs Schedule ....................... 53 are we to them What aregoing members problems?

How are we going to help help them become become17 VNLA -How Photo Contest Rules ...................................... more successful?

HowContest are we going to help them become17 more successful?

VNLA - Photo Winner .................................... successful?

VNLA - Plant profile -more Prunus lusitanica ‘Variegata’ 10 VNLA - Summer Tour Photos ..................................... 55 VNLA - Thanks to Field Day Sponsors! ..................... 5 VNLA - Why Should You Participate in the Survey? 10

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Ad - TD Watkins

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VNLA Newsletter VNLA VNLANewsletter Newsletter VNLA Newsletter

VNLA Newsletter

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

April / May / June 201

October / November / Dec July /August / Septembe October/November/D July/August/Septem

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President’s Message

Vol. 86, No.3; Jul/Aug/Sep 2016

By the time you read this summer will be behind us. By most accounts everybody had pretty good spring and early summer business. The weather pattern for fall is normal to slight chance of La Nina developing. Weather should be good for fall sales as long as we continue getting rain.

Editor: Jeff Miller

383 Coal Hollow Road; Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 Internet E-mail Address: info@vnla.org www.vnla.org (Association Info) https://www.facebook.c om/VNLA1932 Twitter: @vnla1932

The economy is slow but growing, and is expected to continue this pattern until the elections this November. It appears that the customer will not be very happy with the results whether a Republican or Democrat wins because they are not too happy with either candidate.

Telephone: 540-382-0943 or 1-800-476-0055 Fax: 540-382-2716

I’d like to give a big THANKS to Grelen Nursery and The Market at Grelen for hosting the VNLA Field Day!

Disclaimer: Published for your information, this newsletter is not an endorsement for individual products or editorial comments.

The Certification Committee will be meeting this month to work on upgrading the certification materials and tests.

SAVE THE DATE!!!

SAVE THE DATE!!!

2017 VNLA Field 2017 VNLA Field Day Day

If you have concerns or ideas that VNLA can work on, please let Jeff Miller or any member of the board know as soon as possible. The board will meet October 19 in Williamsburg.

Remember to send in your information for the Growers Guide in early September.

If you want to have your firm profiled in the VNLA Newsletter, send your information to Jeff Miller at VNLA Headquarters. If you have suggestions of another firm for profiling let Jeff know as well. Each VNLA Newsletter is also available online about two weeks before the print issue is mailed.

I suggest you consider listening to the VNLA “Lunch and Learn Webinars” organized and moderated by Dr. Jim Owens, of Virginia Tech Hampton Roads Agriculture and Research Center. They are new this year and have been well received. You can listen to previously recorded Seminars on the VNLA website http://www.vnla.org/Certification/Webinars-for-VNLA-Members .

Bill BillGouldin, Gouldin VNLA VNLA President President 2016 2016 wjg@stranges.com wjg@stranges.com 804-360-2800

Isle of Wight County, Smithfield, VA

Isle of Wight County, Smithfield, VA

VNLA Newsletter 6

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

6 VNLA Newsletter

Letter - Agriculture in the Classroom On behalf of the Virginia Foundation for Agriculture in the Classroom (AITC) thank you for your generous support in helping us reach our mission. We sincerely appreciate your partnership as we promote the awareness and understanding of Virginia Agriculture.

Your donation of $1,500 will help us provide teacher education programs, lesson plans, classroom resources, books, and grants to teachers and students across the Commonwealth. It is gratifying to have the financial support from individuals who recognize that education is a powerful tool to ensuring the future of agriculture.

You make a difference. We look forward to sharing AITC's success with you through quarterly newsletters and an annual report; information about our progress may also be found on our website at agintheclass.org. Once again, thank you for your support of AITC and the future of the agriculture industry. If you are interested in hearing more about our program or volunteer opportunities, please feel free to contact Kelly Pious at 804-290-1030 or via email at kelly.pious@vafb.com .

Wayne F. Pryor, Virginia Farm Bureau President, Kelly Pious, Executive Director

Letters - Virginia Agribusiness Council On behalf of the Virginia Agribusiness Council, we want to thank you again for supporting us through your Title sponsorship at our Annual Sporting Clays tournament.

It is only through the generosity and support of members and industry partners like you that the Council can continue to excel in representing our industry's interests in Richmond. Although it may seem to be a social event, our Sporting Clays Tournament provides our members with a rare opportunity to speak one on one with legislators who have great influence in creating agriculture and forestry policies.

This year we held our tournament in the spring and once again returned to Shenandale Gun Club in Swoope, Virginia. The club members at Shenandale continue to provide our guests with a first class experience, helping our staff run the tournament smoothly and providing extra guidance and tips to our shooters. Despite all the recent rain, the weather was perfect and we enjoyed a beautiful spring day in the Valley. We were thrilled to host over 70 shooters, our biggest tournament yet, including Delegates Matt Fariss and Tony Wilt. In addition, Delegate Steve Landes joined our guests for lunch. As always, everyone left full and happy after an amazing rib lunch, graciously provided by Houff's Feed and Fertilizer and Shreckhise Nurseries!

VNLA Newsletter VNLA Newsletter

Thank you for supporting our Annual Sporting Clays Tournament. Your sponsorship enables our efforts to promote and defend the business interests of our members and ensured that we were able to provide a day of fun for so many of our members and special guests. Your support is greatly appreciated.

Katie K. Frazier President Virginia Agribusiness Council

We want to thank you again for your support of all of our 2016 Council Connections events. It is only through the loyal support of outstanding members like you that the Council is able to continue to excel in representing our industry's interests in Richmond. Our Council Connections provide a forum for our members to express their concerns in the presence of important lawmakers, as well as an opportunity to network with fellow industry members.

This spring, we were pleased to see an increase in attendance at these events. We hope that the new, more casual format we initiated this year was enjoyable for our guests.

Holding the meetings in the spring allowed our staff to provide members with a recap of the 2016 General Assembly session while it was fresh on our minds. There were many successes for our industry this year, both legislatively and within the budget, and these dinners and receptions allowed us to celebrate with our members across the state.

Thank you again for supporting our Council Connections event. Your sponsorship supports our efforts to promote and defend the business interests of our members and it is greatly appreciated.

Katie K. Frazier President Virginia Agribusiness Council

Thank you for your support of the Virginia Agribusiness Council's April Board of Directors meeting, as well as the National Policy Development meeting. This year, we were honored to have a very important speaker, Ms. Darci Vetter, Chief Agricultural Trade Negotiator for the United States Trade Representative, speak to our members regarding the Trans-Pacific Partnership and its effects on the agricultural industry. This event is an important one for agriculture and forestry, as we are able to gather with all industry sectors to discuss pertinent issues. It provides our participants with opportunities for positive networking and engagement, as well as meaningful discussion.

With your help, we were able to secure a beautiful venue, Meadow Hall at the Meadow Event Park, and provide plenty of refreshments for our guests. We truly value your participation in Council events, and look forward to continuing to work with you!

Katie K. Frazier President Virginia Agribusiness Council

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News - AmericanHort Names Ken Fisher as President and CEO

Go-forward strategies identified include: • •

•

Help to develop prosperous businesses in current and future economic and market conditions Position horticulture to be a relevant and thriving industry where more individuals and future generations will consider it a desirable career Promote the benefits of plants to be valued and sought after for their health/wellness and economic benefits in communities

AmericanHort continues to bring the industry and its members opportunities to advance their businesses and growth their connections through guaranteeing your future; developing your staff; protecting your business; and growing your connections.

Columbus, Ohio - The AmericanHort Board of Directors has named Ken Fisher as the company’s next President and Chief Executive Officer, effective immediately. Fisher has 20 years of experience leading public and privately-held companies, including iconic consumer brands with The Coleman Company and Elmer’s Products Inc. Ken’s diverse business experience will further the vision and strategy of AmericanHort while bringing proven organizational management to achieve the desired results.

“We know the industry values our advocacy work and educational programs, especially Cultivate. Ken’s expertise will assist us in enhancing existing offerings, while adding new value that will broaden our membership,” said Dale Deppe, AmericanHort Board Chairman. “The pace of change in our industry is rapid, and he has experience successfully leading organizations through both business and regulatory cycles. Ken’s business growth track record is exactly what AmericanHort needs as we enter our next chapter, which I am confident will be even more impactful and exciting than our last.”

“In the near term we will examine our value proposition to ensure we are providing substantial benefit to growers, retailers, installers, and industry suppliers” said Fisher. “Additional focus will be on meeting the unique needs of nursery and landscape members. We will align resources to enhance our ability to create value and as a result grow our member base.”

VNLA Newsletter 8

AmericanHort was formed in 2014 by the consolidation of the American Nursery & Landscape Association and OFA - The Association of Horticulture Professionals. With a combined history of 220+ years, AmericanHort supports nearly 16,000 member and affiliated businesses that include breeders, greenhouse and nursery growers, garden retailers, distributors, interior and exterior landscape professionals, florists, students, educators, researchers, manufacturers, and all of those who are part of the industry market chain. The horticulture industry's production, wholesale, retail, and landscape service components have annual sales of $163 billion, and sustain over 1.15 million full- and part-time jobs. Our mission is to unite, promote, and advance the horticulture industry through advocacy, collaboration, connectivity, education, market development, and research. The association has offices in Columbus, Ohio for administration and member services, and in Washington, DC to facilitate government relations and research activities.

Letters - International Plant Propagators Society Thank you so much for your generous support of our 2016 annual conference in Virginia Beach. The event dates are October 22-26, 2016.

Our committees have been working hard to put the program together. The tours, the seminars and the networking opportunities will all be outstanding. We appreciate your contribution to helping make our Annual Conference a success.

[The VNLA is a $5,000 sponsor of the IPPS Conference] Donna Foster, Secretary/Treasurer, IPPS-SR

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

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News - Virginia Green Industry Economic Impact Survey 2016 For several years now we have been trying to put together a Green Industry Survey for the Commonwealth of Virginia.

The goal of this survey is to total the economic impact of the entire green industry - nursery, greenhouse, sod producers, sports, golf, landscape, lawn care, retail sales, etc. We have finally gotten commitments for funding from the following groups:    

Virginia Turfgrass Foundation: $30,000 Virginia Turfgrass Council: $5,000 Virginia Golf Course Superintendents Association: $5,000 Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association: $5,000

There are other groups who have not committed funds at this time, but we certainly want to include them in this survey.

Dr. Amy Thelk, Ph.D., Director of Assessment and Evaluation, at James Madison University (independently of JMU) is managing this project and the expectation is for the survey to be online by September 2016, with a completion date by the winter of 2017. Once the data is compiled from all the

various participants, we will distribute the data only for participating association use.

The goal is to gain input into information each association would like to gather. For example, the sod producers may want to know the total number of acres of fescue under production in Virginia. So, this question will be asked of the sod producers only in their section of the survey. Another example may be a total square footage of flowers under production in greenhouses in Virginia- this will be asked of the nursery and greenhouse participants. We will certainly be collecting economic data from all participants such as revenue, employees, payroll, equipment purchases, chemical and fertilizer purchases, and more.

The current list of groups participating is:         

VA Sod Growers Association VA Golf Course Superintendents VA Turf Council VA Sports Managers Association National Association of Landscape Professionals Virginia Nursery and Landscape Professionals (and allied associations) Virginia Recreation and Park Society VA Department of Transportation Virginia Flower Growers Association

Ad - Waynesboro Nurseries

VNLA Newsletter VNLA Newsletter

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 VA Turfgrass Foundation Virginia Cemetery Association  VA Turfgrass Foundation VA Professional Grounds Management  Virginia Cemetery Association Mid-Atlantic Association ISA (VA only)  VA Professional Grounds of Management Virginia Christmas Tree Growers  Mid-Atlantic Association of ISA (VA only) Virginia Christmas Treeonline.

Growers Theentire survey will be done There is a core sec-

VNLA Plant profile VNLA Plant profile Prunus lusitanica ‘Variegata’ Prunus lusitanica ‘Variegata’

tion asking basic questions and then the industry The entire survey will be done online.

There is group a core speseccific section. tion asking basic questions and then the industry group specific section.

Why Should You Participate Why Should Participate in the You Survey? in the Survey?

Why Survey?

Why Survey?

2008 was last of 5 rotating specialty crop surveys was last of 5 rotating specialty crop sur 2008  veys Bay water quality goals due mid-2017 (TMDLs)  Bay water quality goals due mid-2017  (TMDLs) Prove what you’re doing for Bay water goals and need to do  Prove what you’re doing for Bay water goals  and Labor issues need to doat the federal level (Overtime, ACA, H2B, Immigration)  Labor issuesH2A, at the federal level (Overtime,  ACA, Groundwater resources, especially the Eastern H2B, H2A, Immigration) Shore area resources, especially the Eastern  Groundwater  Shore Bees and areaPollinators communications between applicators and beekeepers  Bees and Pollinators communications between  applicators Nutrient Management in production and urban and beekeepers areas (all golf courses will have NMP next  Nutrient Management in production andbyurban year) areas (all golf courses will have NMP by next  year) Data will not be extrapolated, which means that totals on your input.  Data will are not based be extrapolated, which means that totals are based on your input.

Goal

Goal      

Create green industry awareness Establish Industry Benchmarks Create green industry awareness Support Secretary of Agriculture & Forestry Establish Industry Benchmarks and VDACS Support Secretary of Agriculture & Forestry Utilize data for communications and VDACS Develop accurate industry numbers, # jobs, Utilize data for communications taxes etc.

Develop accurate industry numbers, # jobs, etc. available are: The last taxes statistics

By Francisco Javier de la Mota Daniel PhD in Horticulture Virginia Tech Bystudent Francisco Javier de laatMota Daniel PhDcomes studenttoinour Horticulture at Virginia Techof an The image that minds when we think

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Portuguese more habit in andcultivation finer texture than cherry-laurel. is far graceful less common in the USA, but it has Ita still isgraceful a very dark shrubtexture that works for hedging more habitgreen and finer thanwell cherry-laurel.

It and as for theshrub shrubthat andworks perennial Varstill is abackground very dark green wellborder. for hedging iegated Portuguese for laurel, however, plays a very different and as background the shrub and perennial border.

VarThe Turf last statistics available are: role in the landscape, as its light colored foliage makes it a iegated Portuguese laurel, however, plays a very different - 2005 $4.6B focalinpoint of its own.as The are silvery-green to blueGolf -- 2005 2013 $2.5B role the landscape, itsleaves light colored foliage makes it a Turf $4.6B Nursery - 2007 $1.2B green point with aofcreamy-white margin,are and they have a to pinkish focal its own. The leaves silvery-green blueGolf - 2013 $2.5B Total - 2007 $8.3B hue when emerge in spring.

Interestingly, the aleaves at Nursery $1.2B green withthey a creamy-white margin, and they have pinkish From Survey Coordinator, Gil Grattan, Virginia Green Total $8.3B the tip of they the year’s are bigger and lessthevariegated hue when emergeshoots in spring.

Interestingly, leaves at LawnSurvey Care, Richmond, gil.grattan@virginiagreenFrom Coordinator, Gil Grattan, Virginia Green thantip those in the earlier portions of the shoot, which creates the of the year’s shoots are bigger and less variegated 804-285-6200 Lawn Care,lawncare.com Richmond, gil.grattan@virginiagreenathan pleasant textural effect.

As with other variegated plants, those in the earlier portions of the shoot, which creates lawncare.com 804-285-6200 growth is not very fast, making it ideal for the smaller landa pleasant textural effect. As with other variegated plants, scapes. isCherry-laurel Portuguese laurel can become growth not very fast,and making it ideal for the smaller landvery weedy in temperate humid climateslaurel because fruit scapes.

Cherry-laurel and Portuguese cantheir become is rapidly dispersed by birds, butclimates variegated Portuguese lauvery weedy in temperate humid because their fruit relrapidly does not flowerbyorbirds, rarely almost Portuguese eliminatinglauits is dispersed butso, variegated chances for successful invasion of natural landscapes. rel does not flower or rarely so, almost eliminating its chances for successful invasion of natural landscapes.

VNLA Newsletter July/August/September 2016 10 10 July / August / September 2016 VNLA Newsletter VNLA Newsletter July/August/September 2016 10

To get the most out of its beautiful attributes, variegated Portuguese laurel is best planted in part shade where it can contrast with other shrubs and perennials with darker and coarser foliage, or paired up with late winter flowering shrubs like Hamamelis x intermedia cultivars. It would look great throughout the seasons with our native Hydrangea quercifolia, Rhus typhina ‘Laciniata’ and Ilex verticillata.

In my garden it combines very well with the flower buds, flowers, and habit of Edgeworthia chrysantha. Variegated Portuguese laurel is an excellent, easy to grow shrub that is worth a place in our landscapes.

Latin name: Prunus lusitanica ‘Variegata’ (pronunciation: loo-see-TAH-nee-cah).

Moisture: Best in moist soils, but it is fairly drought tolerant.

Light: Full sun to part shade.

Growth rate: slow to medium.

Pruning: only to eliminate dead or diseased twigs.

Pests and diseases: appears less prone to shothole disease than cherry laurel. Leaves with a lot of variegation may sunburn in hotter climates.

Seasons of interest: year-round handsome foliage.

Hardiness: USDA zones (6b) 7 to 9 (10a).

Propagation: best accomplished with softwood cuttings in summer.

Common name: variegated Portuguese laurel.

Origin: SW Europe, NW Africa.

Habit: upright, pyramidal in youth, rounder later on.

Height & spread: 10’x8’ after 20 years.

Leaves: oblong-lanceolate, alternate, 2-2.5” long and 0.51.5” wide. Margins are entire or with a fine serration.

Variegation shows as a creamy-white margin to the leaves. Evergreen.

Soil and pH: Any soil type. Tolerates a broad range of pH but prefers it slightly acidic.

References: Oregon State University, Landscape Plants http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/prlu-i.htm Royal Horticultural Society, Plant Finder https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/89675/Prunus-lusitanicaVariegata-(v)/Details?returnurl=%2Fplants%2Fsearch-results%3Fformmode%3Dfalse%26query%3DPrunus%2Blusitanica%26aliaspath%3D%252fplants%252fsearch-results

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News - New Boxwood Quarantine for Pennsylvania

seeking some additional clarification on how these requirements will apply.

In 2012, AmericanHort (then ANLA) and the National Plant Board collaborated to develop a systems approach based on boxwood blight best management practices and a model compliance agreement for states. Pennsylvania's action embraces this BMPs and compliance agreement approach.

Many boxwood producers have already adopted this systems approach, and AmericanHort encourages all boxwood producers to move to adopt these common-sense prevention measures to protect their interests, and safeguard the future of boxwood as a lucrative nursery crop and an iconic landscape plant.

This will likely affect all boxwood growers who ship to Pennsylvania, although those growers who participate in our Boxwood Blight Cleanliness Program will have no problems shipping their product into Pennsylvania.

Mary Ann Hansen, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Bugwood.org

This will likely affect all boxwood growers who ship to Pennsylvania, although those growers who participate in our Boxwood Blight Cleanliness Program will have no problems shipping their product into Pennsylvania.

On page 3, section 4. of the attached document is the language for the external quarantine that affects nurseries in states who ship boxwood into Pennsylvania.

Dana D. Rhodes, State Plant Regulatory Official PA Department of Agriculture, Harrisburg, PA 17110 Phone: 717.772.5205; www.agriculture.state.pa.us Craig Regelbrugge, AmericanHort, Debra Martin, Debra.Martin@vdacs.virginia.gov, Virginia Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services, Richmond, VA 23219, Tel. No. 804-786-3515 Boxwood Blight Information in Virginia is available on the VDACS website at http://www.vdacs.virginia.gov/plant-

industry-services-boxwood-blight.shtml

News - A Faster Way to Get Rid of Kudzu

The Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture (PDA) notified AmericanHort that after careful consideration, it is implementing an internal and external quarantine for boxwood blight, Calonectria pseudonaviculatum.

The action follows a number of boxwood blight detections on nursery stock during 2015. Detections resulted in destruction of positive plants, and PDA maintains that there is no indication that the pathogen is established in the state.

Pennsylvania has determined that the threat of Boxwood Blight is great to the Commonwealth. In an effort to protect consumers, residents, and gardens, we have implemented a Quarantine on Boxwood Blight. The quarantine applies to all producers/shippers shipping Buxus (sp.) in Pennsylvania and those from other states shipping to PA. The quarantine requires the implementation of systems approaches to mitigate the disease if a positive is traced back to a supplier/producer.

This quarantine will be imposed on in-state and out-of-state producers, shippers, and suppliers. Generally, plant material originating out of state must either be inspected by origin state authorities, or the nursery must be under compliance agreement with the state authority and have implemented a systems approach for prevention of boxwood blight. We are VNLA Newsletter 12

Spreading at the rate of 150,000 acres annually, kudzu completely envelops this Mississippi landscape. Photo by Peggy Greb.

According to a U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) study, the use of combined management programs can control kudzu more quickly than individual methods in use today.

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

12 VNLA Newsletter

particularly in Mississippi, where kudzu is pervasive. Land infested with kudzu has little or no value.

Agricultural Research Service (ARS) scientists in Stoneville, Mississippi, reviewed different programs known to successfully suppress kudzu. Mark A. Weaver, a plant pathologist in the ARS Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, and his team used a combination of these programs, including a herbicide-free "organic" system, to achieve a high rate of kudzu suppression and eradication.

The organic treatment, which simultaneously established native vegetation, killed 91 percent of kudzu after one year and 95 percent after two years. The treatment involves applying a bio herbicide application, mowing and revegetation.

By Sandra Avant, ARS is USDA's principal intramural scientific research agency. Read more about this research in the July 2016 issue of AgResearch Magazine

Typically, it takes about 10 years of persistent herbicide applications to eradicate kudzu. Weaver developed a series of effective management programs that can substantially reduce kudzu over one- and two-year periods.

SAVE THE DATE!!!

2017 VNLA Field Day

Once landowners remove kudzu, they can use their land productively, according to Weaver. They can establish forestry, wildlife habitats and recreational parks.

Weaver applied four different herbicides, individually or in combination, and a bio herbicide treatment at three different kudzu-infested sites. (A bio herbicide is a biologically based control agent for weeds.) He repeated these treatments for two years. Results showed a high level of suppression on the small plots after just one year. An even higher percentage of kudzu—99 to 100 percent—was killed during the second year.

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News - Maryland Bans Sale of 3 Ornamental Invasive Plants, More to Come Maryland is stepping up the fight against ecosystem-altering non-native plants by banning the sale of three aggressively spreading ornamentals and requiring that warnings be posted next to retail displays of five others sold in garden stores and nurseries.

first step amid a wave of vegetative change is overtaking many urban, suburban and even rural areas. Hundreds of volunteers and state and local government staff have been trying to stop the spread of invasive plants by pulling them out of the ground and replacing them with native plants, only to see the invasives roar back.

Ficaria verna, fig Buttercup,

John M. Randall, The Nature Conservancy, Bugwood.org

Geranium Lucidum, Shining Cransebill, Photo by Bruce Newhouse, Bugwood.org

The sales bans for shining cranesbill, yellow flag iris and fig buttercup don't take effect until next year, but warnings for the other species will be required starting July 12.

The Maryland Department of Agriculture mandates are the agency's first restrictions on the sale of ornamental plants.

"This is unprecedented in Maryland, and a very uncommon step for any state to take," said Carol. Bergmann, a forest biologist with the Maryland-National Capital Parks and Planning Commission (M-NCPPC), the parks agency shared by Montgomery and Prince George's counties. She predicted that other invasive plants will be subject to sates restrictions over time.

The MDA action was recommended by the Maryland Invasive Plant Advisory Committee, a panel established by state law in 2011, when lawmakers directed the MDA to regulate invasive plants harming non-agricultural areas.

But the MDA rule is too little, too late, said Laurie TaylorMitchell, the lead "weed warrior" in Baltimore County's Cromwell Valley Park.

Taylor-Mitchell said one of the plants to be banned, fig buttercup, also known as lesser celandine, already blankets 12 acres of the park. Like many other invasives there, she said, it has overwhelmed and replaced native plants and comes back even if putted out. Making matters worse, she added, deer will eat any native plants that appear, but not lesser celandine.

"This a terrible problem," Taylor-Mitchell said. "The house has been on fire for years—and now they're deciding to ban sales of the plant?"

Iris pseudocarus, yellow flag iris

Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org

The MDA action, long sought by people battling nonnative invasive terrestrial, plants, was hailed by some as a dramatic VNLA Newsletter 14

Fig buttercup is classified as invasive in 19 states, including every state in the Bay watershed, according to the U.S. Forest Service. At least two states, Wisconsin and New York, already prohibit sate of the plant.

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14 VNLA Newsletter

Many thousands of non-native trees and plants have been introduced to the United States since the colonial era. According to 1998 federal study, 1,400 of them are invasive, meaning they spread on their own beyond the places where they were planted, some very aggressively.

The invasive plants and trees no longer sold at Behnkes include purple loosestrife, burning bush, Asian wisterias, dwarf periwinkle, porcelain berry, akebia, Bradford pear and Japanese blood grass, Hurley said. English ivy sales are restricted to house plants.

Hundreds of invasive aquatic plants, groundcover plants, bushes, vines and trees have been unwittingly imported to beautify building interiors and outdoor areas in the Bay watershed, most since the Victorian era. Many can still be purchased in garden centers or on the internet. They spread by various means, including the outdoor disposal of potted plants. Sometimes they're transported over long distances when birds consume the berries, fly off and Later defecate the undigested seeds.

The national Home Depot retail chain sells many of the plants that will be subject to the MDA restrictions. Spokeswoman Kathryn Emory said Home Depot growers follow all agricultural directions and regulations in any given state.

Banning the sale of plants already well-established will have limited impact on already infested areas, Bergmann said, but it can help reduce new invasions.

The MDA rule will be phased in over the next nine months, with bans on three plants taking effect April 11, 2017.

But beginning this month, retailers must post caution signs adjacent to five other invasive ornamental plants: burning bush, border privet and three invasive vines that are nonnative members of the wisteria family — Chinese wisteria and Japanese wisteria and an Asian wisteria hybrid.

The cautions urge customers to consider purchasing native alternatives instead. Any retailer that does not post the signs as stipulated will be subject to an MDA "stop sale" order, said Kim Rice, the MDA's program manager for plant protection and weed management.

Nurseries and garden centers will not have to post any notices next to the three plants to be banned in 2017.

Rice said the law passed in 2011 does not give the MDA authority to require that. Rice said the MDA will urge nurseries and garden centers to voluntarily post the warnings adjacent to the three plants on the ban list these plants.

Home Depot also sells many of its plants online, including some plants subject to the restrictions. MDA spokesman Jason Schellhardt said the state is "not taking any specific actions regarding online retailers."

The MDA's restrictions on ornamental plants are the first in the three states sharing the vast majority of the Bay watershed, the agriculture agencies in Pennsylvania and Virginia have no such restrictions.

Meanwhile, the headwater state of New York bans the sale of 69 ornamental plants, bushes and trees, and requires warning signs on six others.

New York's ban, established in 2014, applies to all three plants that on the MDA's sales ban list as well as four on the MDA's warning list. Like Maryland, New York only requires warning signs for burning bush.

One MDA staff member suggested that at least one of the plants on New York's list of banned plants will prove to be hard keep out of customers' hands.

Bob Trumbule, an MDA entomologist and facilitator of the independent Maryland Invasive Species Council, said New York's ban on sales the Japanese barberry bush, will be difficult to enforce.

Jeff Day Maryland Regulation details at http://mda.maryland.gov/plantspests/Pages/maryland_invasive_plants_prevention_and_control.aspx

Rice said that the MDA will gradually regulate the sale of more invasive plants.

Some nurseries are going further on their own. Johnson's Florist & Garden Centers, based in Olney, MD, is phasing out other invasive plants, including the very popular but highly invasive bush, Japanese barberry. It has also restricted sales of English ivy to indoor house plants. Asked why the store took the action, a manager said it was only a matter of time before the MDA extended its restrictions to other plants.

Behnkes Nursery in Beltsville, MD, stopped selling at least nine invasive plants over the last 20 years, said Larry Hurley, a former perennial plant buyer at Behnkes and now part of the company's management team.

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July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

Jeff Miller, Exec. Director E-mail: info@vnla.org 15 15

News - "Trees for Bees" Poster Available from Horticultural Research Institute

News - The Virginia Horticultural Foundation New Education Program Coordinator, Stacie McGraw

WASHINGTON, DC and COLUMBUS, OH—June 7, 2016 - The Horticultural Research Institute is pleased to announce the addition of a new pollinator education and sales tool for garden retailers.

Originally from Abingdon, VA, where she was a staff reporter for The Washington County News, Stacie relocated to Virginia Beach in 2002 for her husband’s naval career.

While focusing on being a mom to their two daughters, Stacie became a Certified Volunteer Coordinator with Virginia Beach Public Schools. A lifelong interest in plants and gardening led her to become a VCE Virginia Beach Master Gardener in 2011 - she now serves as their Communications and Publicity Chair. In 2015, Stacie joined the Board of the Virginia Flower & Garden Expo as Social Media Coordinator, and in July 2016 she accepted the post as Education Program Coordinator for the Virginia Horticultural Foundation. She is pursuing a horticulture degree at Tidewater Community College.

The "Trees for Bees" poster beautifully illustrates the fact that trees are an important food source for pollinators. Bees and other pollinators do not just forage for pollen and nectar from annuals and perennials— the tree canopy gives pollinators an abundant source of pollen and nectar. Additionally, trees provide critical nesting opportunities for pollinators.

"Highlighting the important role trees play in pollinator health is another way we can share how our industry beneficially impacts the environment," states Jennifer Gray, HRI's administrator. "Adding this eye-catching poster to store signage and pollinator display areas is an easy way garden retailers can tell that story to their customers - and encourage the purchase of flowering trees."

The new "Trees for Bees" poster was developed by HRI's collaborator, the Pollinator Partnership, and is available for purchase on retail-ready materials from Garden Center Marketing's website: http://www.gardencentermarketing.com/page/Pollinator-Garden-Challenge-Signage Retailers should also take advantage of HRI's free pollinator resources by downloading a communications toolkit, sample social media posts, and other marketing materials from www.GrowWise.org/ChallengeToolkit.

The Horticultural Research Institute (HRI), the research affiliate of AmericanHort, has provided over $7 million in funds since 1962 to research projects covering a broad range of production, environmental, and business issues important to the green industry. Over $11 million is committed to the endowment by individuals, corporations, and associations. For more information about HRI, its grant-funded research, scholarships, or programming, visit or contact Jennifer Gray at 614.884.1155.

Dawn Alleman noted that “Stacie was hired in July. Needing full-time employment with benefits, I did not renew my contract with the Virginia Horticultural Foundation. I am now working for the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation as a real "hands-in-the-dirt" gardener. It feels good to be physically working in gardens again.”

Stacie comes to VHF with energy & zeal for all things Horticultural. She is a long-time Virginia Beach Master Gardener & is currently completing a Horticulture degree at Tidewater Community College. The Board knows that our educational programs will thrive under her care, as she is organized & efficient. Please make her feel welcome, and please continue to help with, learn from and enjoy the fellowship that MAHSC & Home Gardener Day provide each winter. Stacie is now receiving all e-mails to the "program@mahsc.org" address.

Thanks for your continued support of the educational mission of the Virginia Horticultural Foundation. I hope to see you in future at VHF events, look for the dirty-finger nailed gardener without a goofy hat! I'll be in the audience learning from you & the fantastic speakers that Stacie will be booking for us all to enjoy.

Dawn Alleman, Senior Gardener, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation

VNLA Newsletter 16

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

16 VNLA Newsletter

Winner of the Photo Contest

VNLA - Photo Contest Rules The contest is open to any photographer (amateur and professional) except members of Board of Directors of VNLA and their families. Entries are limited to VNLA members and their staff.

Each photographer may enter up to three (3) digital images per Newsletter deadline (see #6). Email images to info@vnla.org .

Include your name, phone number, company, and email.

One winning entry per photographer per year. You may re-enter non-winning entries.

Datura beginning to open in the evening at Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden Photo Winner: Winner: Lesley Madigan Madgan Gardener at Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden, Richmond, VA Camera: iPhone 5 Win $50, submit your photos!

Good Luck and Happy Photographing!

VNLA - MobileVNLA - MobileFriendly App Friendly App Guide to Virginia Growers!

Guide to Virginia Growers!

Look Look up up plant sources, plant sources, hotlinkstoto hotlinks grower email, email, grower website website and andphone! phone! www.vnla.org/Grower-Guide www.vnla.org/Grower-Guide

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July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

Please e-mail images separately. Feel free to elaborate on any story surrounding the photograph. Photos should be 300 dpi high resolution.

All photographs must be related to the Green Industry. The subject can be located in a nursery, back yard, or in a landscape--just so it is obviously related to the green industry profession.

Deadline for submission is 5:00 p.m. on the Newsletter Copy Deadline, which is the 15th of January, April, July, and October. All submissions become the property of the VNLA. Model Release forms are required with each photograph which contains a clearly identifiable person. Release forms are available from the VNLA office, on request, and are also available for download from the VNLA website at Model release in MS Word format or Adobe PDF format.

Judging is done by the VNLA Communication Committee.

All decis ions are final 17 17

News - Todd Haymore Named Secretary of Commerce and Trade Governor McAuliffe today released the statement announcing following statement that Virginia of Agriculture and Forestry, Todd Haymore will become the next Secretary of Commerce and Trade in Virginia, succeeding Secretary Maurice Jones as he assumes Chief Executive Officer of the Local Initiatives Support Corporation in September: "As Virginia Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry, Todd Haymore has been instrumental in making those key industries innovative and robust sectors of the new Virginia economy, Todd brings the right combination of economic development experience, global trade understanding, and administrative expertise to build on the outstanding success Secretary Maurice Jones has achieved as a member of my cabinet.

"The agencies that comprise the Secretariat of Commerce and Trade are at the epicenter of my administration's efforts to grow and diversify our economy, and I know that Secretary Haymore will hit the ground running creating jobs and new economic opportunity for families in every corner of our Commonwealth."

Governor McAuliffe reappointed Secretary Haymore to serve as Virginia's Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry in 2014. He had served in the same capacity since 2010, when he was first appointed by then-Governor Bob McDonnell.

During his tenure, Haymore has been responsible for the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS), the Virginia Department of Forestry (DOF), and the Virginia Racing Commission. Prior to his appointment as Secretary, Haymore served as VDACS Commissioner under former Virginia Governor Tim Kaine.

Secretary Maurice Jones will leave the McAuliffe administration in September to become the Chief Executive Officer of the Local Initiatives Support Corporation, an organization that works with low-income communities to create new opportunities for businesses and residents to thrive. He was appointed Secretary of Commerce and Trade in January 2014. Prior to the McAuliffe administration, Jones served as the Deputy Secretary for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD).

sector industry of agribusiness. We know he will carry this same enthusiasm to the Secretariat of Commerce and Trade and are excited to continue working with him in his new role."

Virginia Agribusiness Council

News - Dr. Basil Gooden Named Secretary of Agriculture & Forestry

September:

Governor Terry McAuliffe released the following statement announcing the appointment of Dr. Basil I. Gooden as the next Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry in Virginia, succeeding current Secretary Todd Haymore, who will become Secretary of Commerce and Trade in

"I am excited to bring a leader with Dr. Gooden's experience and vision into my cabinet as our next Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry. Dr. Gooden has been involved in Virginia's agriculture industry his whole life, as he grew up raising Black Angus beef on his family's cattle farm in Buckingham County. Agriculture and forestry are two of Virginia's largest and most important industries, and Dr. Gooden is ready to build on our administration's success in growing them under the leadership of Secretary Haymore.

"I ask members of my cabinet to spend every day making government work better for taxpayers and contributing to our administration's goal of building a new Virginia economy. I have no doubt that Dr. Gooden will be a valuable member of this team and an outstanding Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry."

Dr. Basil I. Gooden was appointed by President Obama as State Director of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rural Development for the Commonwealth of Virginia in May of 2014. Before this position, Dr. Gooden served for twelve years as the Chief Deputy Director of the Virginia Department of Housing and Community Development. Dr. Gooden's initiatives included strategic management, technology advancement, and community development for economically distressed communities.

Dr. Gooden is a Virginia native, raised on his family farm in Buckingham County, Virginia. He received his Bachelor's degree from Virginia Tech, and went on to earn a Master of Social Work and Master of Public Health and his Ph.D. from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

About the Governor's announcement, Council President Katie Frazier said, "While we are sad to see Secretary Haymore leave the Secretariat of Agriculture and Forestry, he has been a tireless champion for Virginia's largest private VNLA Newsletter July/August/September 2016 18 July / August / September 2016

18 VNLA Newsletter

News - Virginia Conservation Assistance Program (VCAP)

News - Urban Forestry 2020 A closer look at an emerging profession

This is a new program that provides financial reimbursement to property owners in the Chesapeake Bay watershed to install specific conservation practices in small acreage settings at the source of stormwater discharges to reduce stormwater runoff, such as conservation landscaping, impervious surface reduction, rainwater harvesting, and installation of rain gardens and green roofs.

By Susan D. Day and Gregory A. Dahle

Plans must be submitted prior to installation to the property owners local Soil and Water Conservation District, which will verify the eligibility of the project through a site visit.

All non-agricultural property owners in CB watershed SWCDs are eligible to apply - residential, business, public, and private.

For more information, visit http://vaswcd.org/vcap .

The urban Forestry 2020 steering committee members discuss and explore the roles of an urban forester in the management of green infrastructure in relation to the roles of allied professionals.

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Urban Forestry 2020 is a three-year collaborative project set to analyze the status of the urban forestry profession, and in particular, to focus on issues of professional recruitment and education. In the United States, modern development of the profession of “Urban Forestry” can ostensibly be viewed as beginning in the early 1970s when Congress added the stewardship of urban forests to the responsibilities of the U.S. Forest Service. Forty years later, urban forestry is a vibrant and expanding field of study that is clearly not practiced exclusively by, or even predominantly by, those trained in traditional natural resource management fields.

Over recent decades, arborists, horticulturists, and landscape architects have brought their expertise in managed trees and landscapes to a now considerable body of knowledge. In more recent years, social scientists, planners, ecologists, and geographers are weighing in and making significant contributions to urban forestry knowledge and practice. With all these enthusiastic participants, a career in urban forestry, particularly in local government, can be difficult to navigate. What is the career trajectory of an urban forester? What type of education should an urban forester have? Are urban foresters well networked?

What is the highest professional recognition an urban forester can achieve? Do urban foresters get the professional respect and funding needed to get the job done?

The answers to these questions depend upon whom you ask - their professional and educational background, where they work, and their area of specialization. The diversity inherent in the world of urban forestry is stimulating and exciting - but creates difficulties as well. There are numerous allied professionals who address urban forest management (and practice aspects of urban forestry - e.g., urban planners, developers, landscape architects, natural resource professionals, or traditional foresters). So where does a practitioner turn to for professional development or engagement? Urban forestry conferences are offered by everyone from grassroots nonprofits to the Association of American Geographers. Should future urban foresters pursue degrees in forestry, arboriculture, social sciences, horticulture, or urban planning? What do the few academic programs that are tagged “urban forestry” have to offer? each of these career paths have merit.

However, this confusing picture of present-day urban forestry practice can make recruitment, the development of professional standards and best practices, and promotion within the field difficult. Many urban foresters relate that they “accidentally fell” into the profession - starting in an allied field and gradually gaining specialized skills and knowledge over the course of their careers. And yet, as our body of knowledge advances, learning-as-you-go may no longer be the best option, and accidental recruitment may not be enough to support the expanding need for urban foresters.

VNLA Newsletter 20

It is common for professions to go through such growing pains. Our highly urbanized, interconnected world is now becoming fully cognizant of the power of interdisciplinary problem-solving. Urban forestry is highly interdisciplinary, and also a young and emerging profession - offering us the unique opportunity to analyze the state of the profession and map our way forward. The Urban Forestry 2020 project, partially funded by a U.S. Forest Service grant through the National Urban and Community Advisory Council, brings together researchers from Virginia Tech, West Virginia University, University of Maryland, and Virginia State University to make this assessment in the context of university programs, student career goals, and networking. Urban Forestry 2020 has assembled an interdisciplinary steering committee, consisting of leaders in urban forestry and its allied fields. This committee acts as a sounding board and networking hub to help determine where the profession stands today as well as helping shape project research.

Based on discussions with the steering committee, and at various professional meetings, we have identified key strengths that professionals designated as “urban foresters” bring to the management of urban greenspaces. Urban foresters are more likely than allied professionals to be engaged in forest health, inventory and risk assessment, planting trees, and arboricultural practices. Urban foresters are equally likely to be engaged in green infrastructure planning, and less likely to be engaged or consulted in land-use planning.

Notably, while urban foresters feel that they have multiple, valuable, local, or regional networks and organizations to help them problem solve, there is no universal list of professional development organizations. How the networking landscape develops over the next decade is difficult to estimate because communication among professionals is increasingly linked to social media and is highly dynamic. As others have observed, younger professionals tend to push boundaries in career and networking exploration, and may quickly form new groups to problem solve. How effective are such networks at the collective action needed to elevate urban forestry as a valued profession? The only certainty available to us now is that

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we will continue to see changes in urban forestry networking, and they may be quite rapid.

and ask how these students view the profession as a potential career.

In recent years, social scientists, planners, ecologists, and geographers have made increasingly significant contributions to urban forestry knowledge and practice. This is evident in burgeoning utility of greenspaces everywhere.

This is an exciting time for the management of our urban forest resources. Over the past 40 years, we have grown from a Congressional mandate into a profession that, while young, is changing the way we consider the natural resource in and around our cities, towns, and communities. Urban forestry is coalescing and developing organically, regardless of whether we are ready for it. Our profession is interdisciplinary by nature, and its boundaries are being tested on all sides. What will the next 40 years bring, and how shall we steer the profession?

With Urban Forestry 2020, we hope to provide some answers, or at least some guidance, as we find our way.

Susan D. Day is an associate professor at Virginia Tech and the project leader for UF2020. Gregory A. Dahle is assistant professor at West Virginia University and co-investigator for UF2020. Other members of the UF2020 research team include P. Eric Wiseman, Joe Sullivan, Joel Koci, Keith O’Herrin, and Andrew Benjamin.

For more details, visit the Urban Forestry 2020 website http://urbanforestry.frec.vt.edu/2020

Enlisting trees to keep urban communities safe, aesthetically pleasing, and within the range of certain beneficial ecosystem services is a valuable task made all the more challenging for urban foresters who have no universal list of professional development organizations.

Urban Forestry 2020 is using both research and exploratory focus groups as well as networking to develop meaningful recommendations for urban forestry. We have, to date, developed and vetted diagrams of urban forestry practice, while additional research is underway concerning perceptions of urban forestry.

In one project, developed by Virginia Tech doctoral student Keith O’Herrin, 18 months of national job postings for urban foresters are being analyzed against the “body of knowledge” expected of urban foresters. Through this, we anticipate identifying professional and regional trends: What level of education is required? What types of duties and academic disciplines cluster together? What are the pay scales?

West Virginia University graduate student Andrew Benjamin is developing a survey to be administered this winter that will query the largest 200 cities in the United States on their hiring practices for urban foresters. What skills (technical, administrative, and communication) are these cities looking for when hiring an entry level urban forester, and do they observe any deficiencies? Although urban forestry has long worked to promote urban trees and foster more awareness from the public, this has not translated into a sizable upturn in the number of young people seeking urban forestry education or pursuing urban forestry as a profession.

Arborist•News | www.isa-arbor.com this article originally appeared in the December 2015 issue of ISA's Arborist News. The ISA's Arborist News editorial staff has granted permission to reprint this article and ask others who might reprint or repost to include the above credit info

Complete the Quiz on page 31 and get 1 CEU CEU for your Virginia Certified Horticulturist re-certification!

Another Virginia Tech survey of first- and second-year college students will introduce urban forestry through a short video,

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Publication 426-119

Urban Stormwater: Terms and Definitions Publication 426-119 David J. Sample, Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech Stefani Barlow, Undergraduate Student, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech Lia Doumar, Undergraduate Student, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech Jia Liu, Graduate Student, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech David J. Sample, Assistant Professor andStudent, Extension Specialist, Biological SystemsVirginia Engineering, Chih-Yu Wang, Graduate Biological Systems Engineering, Tech Virginia Tech Stefani Barlow, Undergraduate Student, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech LiaisDoumar, Student, of Biological Engineering, This publication intendedUndergraduate to provide a summary commonSystems terms and definitionsVirginia used in Tech urban stormwater Jia Liu, Graduate Student, Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech management. These terms and definitions are used throughout the Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices Chih-Yu Graduate Student, Biological Engineering, (BMP) fact sheet series 1-15, Wang, Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE)Systems publications 426-120Virginia throughTech 426-134. A companion

Urban Stormwater: Terms and Definitions

glossary is included with each fact sheet; this document provides a compilation of the terms used in the series.

This publication is intended to provide a summary of common terms and definitions used in urban stormwater management. These terms and definitions are used throughout the Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices Bioretention, bioretention cell – A best management (BMP) fact sheet series 1-15, Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) publications 426-120 through 426-134. A companion practice that is a shallow, landscaped depression that glossary is included with each fact sheet; this document provides a compilation of the terms used in the series.

Glossary of Terms

VCH Certification Quiz Article

A Glossary of by Terms Adsorption – A process which dissolved compounds

separate from the liquid phase and become physically or chemically bound to solid materials and are removed A via treatment.– A process by which dissolved compounds Adsorption separate from the liquid phase and become physically Aerate – The act of incorporating air into soil. or chemically bound to solid materials and are removed via treatment.

Aeration – The process by which air is mixed with soil.

Aerate – The act of incorporating air into soil. without Anaerobic – Chemical reactions that proceed the presence of oxygen.

Aeration – The process by which air is mixed with soil.

Anaerobic – Chemical reactions that proceed without B the presence of oxygen.

Baseflow – The portion of flow in a stream that continues even during extended dry periods.

B

Best management practice (BMP) – Any treatment Baseflow – The portion of flow in a stream that continpractice for urban lands that reduces pollution from ues even during extended dry periods. stormwater. A BMP can be either a physical structure or aBest management practice.

Agricultural a simimanagement practice (BMP) lands – Anyuse treatment lar, but different, set of BMPs to mitigate agricultural practice for urban lands that reduces pollution from runoff. stormwater. A BMP can be either a physical structure or a management practice. Agricultural lands use a simiBiodiversity – The number of different species and a lar, but different, set of BMPs to mitigate agricultural measure of the health of the observed system. runoff.

Biological uptake – The process by which plants Biodiversity – The number of different species and a absorb nutrients for nourishment and growth. measure of the health of the observed system.

receives and treats stormwater with the goal of discharging waterbioretention of a quality and to that Bioretention, cellquantity – A bestsimilar management of a forested cells typically practice that iswatershed. a shallow, Bioretention landscaped depression that consist of vegetation, soils, an optional underdrain, and receives and treats stormwater with the goal of disan outlet structure.

Sometimes called rain gardens. charging water of a quality and quantity similar to that

of a forested watershed. Bioretention cells typically Braiding – A phenomenon when streams or channels consist of vegetation, soils, an optional underdrain, and incur bottom erosion to form smaller channels that an outlet structure. Sometimes called rain gardens. intertwine.

Braiding – A phenomenon when streams or channels incur bottom erosion to form smaller channels that C intertwine.

Cationic exchange capacity – The maximum quantity of total cations (metals) that a given soil is capable of holding for exchange within the soil solution. Used as C an indicator for nutrient retention capacity and quantity groundCationic exchange capacity – The maximum water contamination resistibility. of total cations (metals) that a given soil is capable of holding for exchange within the soil solution. Used as Check dam – A small structure, either temporary or an indicator for nutrient retention capacity and groundpermanent, usually made of stones or logs and conwater contamination resistibility. structed across a ditch, swale, or channel to reduce concentrated flow– velocity.

Check dam A small structure, either temporary or permanent, usually made of stones or logs and conCistern – A storage tank designed to store rainwater for structed across a ditch, swale, or channel to reduce conlater use. Also known as a rainwater harvesting system. centrated flow velocity.

Clay – Soils with a particle size smaller than 0.002 Cistern – A storage tank designed to store rainwater for millimeter (mm), according to the U.S. Department of later use. Also known as a rainwater harvesting system.

Agriculture’s (USDA) soil classification system.

Clay – Soils with a particle size smaller than 0.002 millimeter (mm), according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) soil classification system.

Biological uptake – The process by which plants www.ext.vt.edu absorb nutrients for nourishment and growth.

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Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, genetic information, marital, family, or veteran status, or any other basis protected by law. An equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. Edwin J. Jones, Director, Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg; Jewel E. Hairston, Administrator, 1890 Extension Program, Virginia State, Petersburg.

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Coastal Plains – A physiographic province of Virginia characterized by flat terrain below the fall line (east of I-95) where the water table is usually high.

transports it to another. Excessive erosion is considered an environmental problem that is very difficult to reverse.

Compaction – The loss of soil porosity due to the weight of heavy machinery, continuous lightweight application, or lack of adequate moisture.

Evaporation – The process by which water changes from liquid to gas and is “lost” to the atmosphere.

Evapotranspiration – When water is released by a plant and evaporates from leaves and soil.

Compost – Vegetative or organic matter that has been allowed to fully decompose, leaving a rich, organic medium that can be mixed with soils.

Exfiltrate – The act of exfiltration.

Exfiltration – When water is lost from the surrounding drainage system to the soil as a result of percolation or absorption. Antonym: infiltration.

Compost-amended flow path – The practice of restoring soils within the flow path (with redirected roof runoff from rooftop disconnection) using compost. See soil restoration.

Extended detention ponds – A stormwater treatment practice that mitigates peak flow rates by retaining runoff for 12 to 24 hours before slowly releasing water back to the natural system.

Concentrated flow – Occurs when water concentrates into rivulets or channels; the opposite of sheet flow.

Concentrated flow leads to greater water velocity and decreased time for infiltration and settling.

Constructed wetland – A wetland that is designed to provide water quality treatment of stormwater. Constructed wetlands have been used to treat domestic wastewater.

Extensive vegetated roof – A type of vegetated roof with a media depth of 4 to 6 inches; vegetation is composed of drought-resistant plants whose only water source is usually rainwater.

Control structure – Structure that regulates water discharge from a best management practice.

F Filter media, engineered filter media – Designed material that removes pollutants through filtration; usually consists of sand, organic matter, or propriety product.

D Detention time – See residence time.

Filter strip – Densely vegetated, uniformly graded areas that intercept runoff from impervious surfaces.

Dry swales – Shallow, gently sloping channels with broad, vegetated side slopes and low-velocity flows.

They are always located above the water table to provide drainage capacity.

Filtering practice – A stormwater treatment practice that passes runoff through a media filter to remove pollutants.

Filtration – A treatment method that removes pollutants by straining, sedimentation, and similar processes.

Dry well – A small, underground structure that disposes of stormwater through infiltration. Usually consists of a hole lined with gravel.

Floatables – Litter and debris that float and travel with water.

E

Flow path – The path water takes as it flows over land; in the case of rooftop disconnection, after it exits the downspout.

Environmental site design – A practice intended to minimize the generation of runoff and facilitate infiltration.

Forebay – A small basin within a best management practice that removes sediment by settling prior to other treatment processes, thus protecting those processes from excess sediment and potential clogging.

Erosion – A natural process by either physical processes, such as water or wind, or chemical means that moves soil or rock deposits from one source and

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Frost heave – When water in the soil freezes and expands, causing upward movement of the soil.

Hydraulic head – The difference in elevation between two points of flowing water.

Frost line – The depth at which groundwater freezes above and remains liquid below.

Hydric soils – Soils that form under saturated conditions. When saturated conditions exist, anaerobic chemical processes dominate, and unique chemical properties develop. A common characteristic of hydric soils is the presence of a rotten-egg odor, indicating the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas.

G Grass channels – A stormwater treatment practice using open channels with grass sides that can carry runoff with modest velocities while treating stormwater for quality and reducing runoff quantities.

Hydrocarbons – Molecules containing the elements carbon and hydrogen; classified as pollutants due to their contribution to ground level ozone and smog.

Green roof – See vegetated roof.

Hydrologic soil group (HSG) – Classes of soils (named either A, B, C, or D) that indicate the minimum rate of infiltration observed after prolonged wetting time.

Groundwater – Water located beneath the earth’s surface and stored in soil pore spaces, rock fractures, and underground aquifers.

Hydroplaning – Occurs when a wheeled vehicle loses traction and control when driving over water. The surface of the tire is actually separated from the roadway surface by a thin layer of water.

Groundwater contamination – The presence of unwanted chemical compounds in groundwater. In the case of infiltrative stormwater treatment, it would normally refer to dissolved compounds, such as nitrates. It could possibly include unwanted bacteria.

I Impermeable – A hard surface that does not allow water to flow through it.

Groundwater mounding – Occurs when the water table directly beneath a stormwater infiltration basin is much shallower than the seasonal extreme. Can affect basements and foundations of nearby homes and structures.

Impermeable liner – A material designed to reduce seepage from ponds and wetlands.

Impervious surfaces – Hard surfaces that do not allow infiltration of rainfall into them; not pervious.

H Habitat – The environment where organisms, like plants, normally live.

Infiltrate, infiltrated – The act of water entering soils.

See infiltration.

Heat Island – this is an effect, observed in urban areas, of elevated ambient temperatures, which occurs due to storage of heat in the mass of concrete. This mass takes longer to cool than surrounding areas, producing the observed effect.

Infiltration – The process by which water (surface water, rainfall, or runoff) enters the soil.

Intensive vegetated roof – A vegetated roof with a soil depth ranging from 10 inches to 4 feet. Vegetation can be composed of shrubs and trees in addition to other plants. Irrigation is generally necessary.

Heavy metals – Elements such as zinc and copper that accumulate in urban areas, mainly due to automobile use. These metals are readily available to bind to soil and clay particles, but in certain conditions can be transported with runoff and contaminate groundwater.

Interlocking concrete pavers – Small pieces of concrete designed to attach to other similar pieces to form a contiguous pavement. They typically have a small amount of pervious space between them. Some of these pavers are permeable, but not all.

Hot spots – Areas that generate exceedingly high concentrations of pollutants due to land use or activities adjacent to the waterway.

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Invasive species – Nonnative species that can cause adverse economic or ecological impacts to the environment, usually due to the tendency of these introduced species to dominate local habitats and replace native ecological communities.

substances are pollution and can cause algal blooms and dead zones to occur in downstream waters.

O

K

Outlet – The point of exit of water from a downspout or other best management practice, usually through a control such as an outlet structure.

Karst terrain – Areas where the underlying bedrock is high in limestone composition, making the site subject to underground erosion that often results in sinkholes and unstable building conditions.

Outlet structure – A structure that regulates water discharge from best management practices and serves as an exit point from the BMP. Also known as control structure.

L

Overflow – A component of a best management practice that diverts any water that exceeds the capacity of the storage tank to another location.

Level spreader – A gravel trench or other practice, such as a check dam, that intercepts concentrated flow and releases it as sheet flow.

P Particulate pollutants – A mixture of small (2.5 to 10 micrometers) particles of acids, organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust particles.

Low impact development (LID) – A way of developing urban lands that attempts to maintain pre-development hydrologic function at a site.

Pathogen – A microbe or microorganism that causes disease.

M

Peak runoff – The highest amount of water flowing off a surface during a storm event.

Media, media filter bed, filter bed – The topsoil that supports plant growth with a best management practice.

Bioretention media is used in dry swale and typically has high sand and low clay content and low phosphorus content.

Peak stream flows – The highest water flows within a stream during a storm event.

Percolation rate – The speed at which water will infiltrate into unsaturated soil. Also known as infiltration rate.

Microbial decomposition – The breakdown of compounds or organic matters into smaller ones with the aid of microorganisms.

Perk test – A test following uniform procedures to measure the vertical speed at which water infiltrates unsaturated soils.

Mulch – An organic material applied on the surface above the media to protect vegetation and underlying media.

Permeability – See permeable.

N

Permeable – A surface that water can easily flow through (porous); allows infiltration into it.

Nonpotable water – Water that should not be used for drinking. Does not necessarily mean water is of poor quality for an alternate use. Antonym: potable water.

Permeable pavement – A modified form of asphalt or concrete with a top layer that is pervious to water due to voids within the mix design.

Nutrients – Substances required for growth of all biological organisms. When considering water qualities, the nutrients of greatest concern in stormwater are nitrogen and phosphorus, because they are often limiting in downstream waters. Excessive amounts of these

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Pervious – A ground surface that is porous and allows infiltration into it.

Pervious concrete – A permeable pavement material consisting of concrete in which the fine materials are

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Sediment – Soil, rock, or biological material particles formed by weathering, decomposition, and erosion. In water environments, sediment is transported across a watershed via streams.

left out of the mix. The concrete pavement thus contains voids that allow water to pass through.

Porosity – The ratio of void space (air-filled if completely dry) to total volume of a soil sample.

Seepage – Water lost through the bottom of a lake or pond.

Potable water – Water that can be used for drinking without immediate or long-term harm.

Settling – The process by which particles that are heavier than water fall to the bottom under the influence of gravity.

R Rain barrel – A storage tank where roof runoff is diverted and stored. Rain barrels are often smaller than cisterns, and the water is generally used for outdoor purposes.

Sheet flow – When runoff travels in a sheet over the surface of the ground.

Rain garden – Often used interchangeably with bioretention, however it typically refers to a less formal design and installation process. Typically implemented in residential areas by homeowners.

Sheet flow to open space – When sheet runoff flows from an impervious surface to open space, usually a vegetated filter strip.

Silt – Soils with a particle size between 0.002 and 0.05 mm, according to the USDA’s soil classification system.

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) – Also known as rainwater harvesting systems, rain barrels and/or cisterns are systems that intercept, divert, store, and release rainfall for later use as a water supply.

Soil amendment – Any material mixed into the soil; usually compost to improve overall soil quality and structure.

Soil analysis – Soil testing procedure available through Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) that analyzes soils for nutrient, mineral, and organic matter content, among other options.

Reservoir – A place where excess stormwater is stored.

Residence time – Is the average time it takes water to travel through a treatment system. Residence time can also be called detention time.

Soil moisture – Amount of water contained in a sample of soil; expressed as a fraction of the volume of soil.

Resuspend, resuspension – When sediment that has settled becomes suspended in the water after being disturbed.

Soil restoration – The technique of using compost to amend soils to improve their porosity and nutrient retention. The restored soils are less compacted and can replicate runoff from forested areas.

Roofshed – The area of the roof that drains to a single downspout. The boundary is determined by the roof and the roof ridgelines.

Soil structure – How individual soil particles bind together, and the arrangement of soil pores between them.

Rooftop disconnection – RD redirects runoff from streets, storm drains, and streams onto landscaped areas and away from impervious surfaces.

Soil texture – Describes the composition of soil based upon its particle sizes. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s classification, soils are classified as sands (larger than 0.05 millimeter, or mm), silts (0.002 to 0.05 mm), and clays (smaller than 0.002 mm).

Root barrier – Protects the impermeable liner from root puncture. It must be either a dense inorganic material that inhibits root penetration or a root repellent ingredient, such as copper.

Stormwater – Water that originates from impervious surfaces during rain events; often associated with urban areas. Also called runoff.

S Sand – Soils with a particle size larger than 0.05 mm, according to the USDA’s soil classification system.

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Stormwater conveyance system – Means by which stormwater is transported in urban areas.

is the point of exit from the watershed, or where the water would flow out of the watershed if it were turned on end.

Stormwater management – The management of runoff from pre- to post-development, often using stormwater treatment practices and best management practices to manage quality and control release into receiving bodies of water.

Water table – The depth at which soils are fully saturated with water.

Wet ponds – Stormwater impoundments that have a permanent pool of water used to treat water pollution.

Stormwater treatment practice – A type of best management practice that is structural and reduces pollution in the water that runs through it.

Wetland – Land that has hydric soil and wetland vegetation, and is periodically saturated with water.

Sustaining – The act of enduring. See sustainable.

Wet swale – A shallow, gently sloping channel with broad, vegetated, side slopes constructed to slow runoff flows. It typically stays wet by intercepting the shallow groundwater table.

T

Additional Information

Sustainable – The ability of the system to endure and remain productive over a long period of time.

The Virginia departments of Conservation and Recreation (VA-DCR) and Environmental Quality (VADEQ) are the two state agencies that address nonpoint source pollution. The VA-DCR oversees agricultural conservation; VA-DEQ regulates stormwater through the Virginia Stormwater Management Program.

Tilling – The process of mechanically or otherwise agitating compacted soil to produce looser, more aerated media.

Topsoil – The outermost layer of the soil, which has the highest content of organic matter and microorganisms.

Tree planter – An ultra-urban, small best management practice that is a bioretention system designed to exist inside a concrete box or tree planter. See bioretention.

Additional information on best management practices can be found at the Virginia Stormwater BMP Clearinghouse website at http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc. The BMP Clearinghouse is jointly administered by the VA-DEQ and the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, which has an oversight committee called the Virginia Stormwater BMP Clearinghouse Committee. Committee members represent various stakeholder groups involved with stormwater management.

U Underdrain – A perforated pipe in the bottom of a treatment practice, such as bioretention or permeable pavement, designed to collect water that does not infiltrate native soils.

Companion Virginia Cooperative Extension Publications

V Vegetated roof – A roof designed and constructed to support living vegetation; also known as green roof.

Andruczyk, M., L. Swanson, L. Fox, S. French, and T. Gilland. 2009. Urban Water-Quality Management: Rain Garden Plants. VCE Publication 426-043.

Vegetated roof media – A composite of inorganic material and organic materials that supports plant growth and filters runoff.

Benham, B., and J. Lawrence. 2010. Stormwater 101: An Introduction for Master Gardeners. Presentation at Master Gardeners Meeting, Winchester, Va. http:// water.rutgers.edu/Rain_Gardens/RGWebsite/misc/Virginia_Tech-Rutgers_Rain_Garden_Wichester_Stormwater_101_benham_040109.pdf.

W Watershed – A unit of land that drains to a single “pour point.” Boundaries are determined by water flowing from higher elevations to the pour point. A pour point

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References

Daniels, W., G. Evanylo, L. Fox, K. Haering, S. Hodges, R. Maguire, D. Sample, et al. 2011. Urban Nutrient Management Handbook. Edited by M. Goatley. VCE Publication 430-350.

Andruczyk, M., L. Swanson, L. Fox, S. French, and T. Gilland. 2009. Urban Water Quality Management: Rain Garden Plants. VCE Publication 426-043. http://pubs.ext.vt.edu/426/426-043/426-043.html.

Gilland, T., L. Fox, M. Andruczyk, and L. Swanson.

2009. Urban Water Quality Management: What Is a Watershed? VCE Publication 426-041.

[The] Cabell Brand Center, comp. 2009. Virginia Rainwater Harvesting Manual, 2nd ed. Salem, Va.: The Cabell Brand Center.

Reif, D. 2009. Using Compost in Your Landscape, VCE Publication 426-704.

City of Portland (Ore.). Bureau of Environmental Services. 2009. Portland Stormwater Management Manual. http://portlandonline.com/bes/index. cfm?c=47952&.

Sample, D., et al. 2011-2012. Best Management Practices Fact Sheet Series 1-15, VCE Publications 426-120 through 426-134.

[U.S.] Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2012.

Wet Ponds. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Fact Sheet. http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/ stormwater/menuofbmps/index.cfm?action=brows e&Rbutton=detail&bmp=68&minmeasure=5.

Acknowledgements The authors would like to express appreciation for the review and comments provided by the following individuals: Adria Bordas, Bruce Jones, and Jon Vest, Extension agents, Virginia Tech; Timothy Mize, Stuart Sutphin, and Paige Thacker, associate Extension agents, Virginia Tech; Brian Benham, Extension specialist and associate professor, Virginia Tech; Greg Evanylo, Extension specialist and professor, Virginia Tech; Mike Goatley, Extension specialist and professor, Virginia Tech; Robert Lane, Extension specialist, Virginia Tech; Laurie Fox, research associate, Virginia Tech; John Freeborn, research specialist senior, Virginia Tech; Thomas Bolles, environmental educator, Virginia Tech; Debbie Dillion, program associate, Virginia Tech; Mike Andruczyk and Dan Nortman, lecturers, Virginia Tech; Jon Hathaway, water resources engineer, Biohabitats Inc.; and Richard Jacobs, conservation specialist, and Greg Wichelns, district manager, Culpeper Soil and Water Conservation District.

EPA. 2009. Chesapeake Bay Program. www.chesapeakebay.net/photosearch.aspx?menuitem=14870.

EPA. 2006. Dry Detention Ponds. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Fact Sheet. http:// cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/menuofbmps/ index.cfm?action=browse.

EPA. 2006. Infiltration Trench. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Fact Sheet. http://cfpub. epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/menuofbmps/index.cfm ?action=browse&Rbutton=detail&bmp=70.

Evanylo, G. 2011. Personal Communication.

Federal Highway Administration FHWA. 2011. Stormwater Best Management Practices in an UltraUrban Setting: Selection and Monitoring. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. http://www.environment.fhwa.dot. gov/ecosystems/ultraurb/3fs10.asp.

Low Impact Development Center. 2005. LID BMP Fact Sheet: Fairfax County (Virginia) Bioretention Basins. http://lid-stormwater.net/index.html; http:// lowimpactdevelopment.org/ffxcty/1-1_bioretentionbasin_draft.pdf.

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Renetzky, David. 2005. Vegetative Roof Systems.

Currents 7 (Fall 2005). Newsletter of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental and Water Resources Institute. http://email.asce.org/ ewri/VegetatedRoof.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 8: Infiltration Practices, Version 1.8. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/april_22_2010_update/ DCR_BMP_Spec_No_8_INFILTRATION_Final_ Draft_v1-8_04132010.htm.

Smith, D. 2006. Permeable Interlocking Concrete Pavements Manual: Selection, Design, Construction and Maintenance, 3rd ed. Herndon, Va.: Interlocking Concrete Pavement Institute.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 9: Bioretention, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPspec9bioretention.html.

Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation (VA-DCR). 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 1: Rooftop (Impervious Surface) Disconnection, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/ swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/VASWMBMPSpec1DISCONNECTION.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 10: Dry Swales, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPSpec10DRYSWALE.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 11: Wet Swales, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPSpec11WETSWALE.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 2: Sheet Flow to a Vegetated Filter Strip or Conserved Open Space, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPSpec2SHEETFLOW.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 12: Filtering Practices, Version 1.7. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/april_22_2010_update/ DCR_BMP_Spec_No_12_FILTERING_PRACTICES_Final_Draft_v1-7_03082010.htm.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 3: Grass Channels, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPSpec3grasschannels.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 13: Constructed Wetlands, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPSpec13CONSTRUCTEDWETLAND.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 4: Soil Compost Amendment, Version 1.8. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/VASWMBMPSpec4soilamendment.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 14: Wet Ponds, Version 1.9. http:// vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/VASWMBMPSpec14WETponds.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 5: Vegetated Roof, Version 2.3. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/ VASWMBMPSpec5VEGETATEDROOF.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 15: Extended Detention (ED) Pond, Version 1.9. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/DCR%20BMP%20Spec%20 No%2015_EXT%20DETENTION%20POND_ Final%20Draft_v1-9_03012011.pdf.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 6: Rainwater Harvesting, Version 1.9.5. http://vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/VASWMBMPSpec6RAINWATERHARVESTING.html.

VA-DCR. 2011. Virginia DCR Stormwater Design Specification No. 7: Permeable Pavement, Version 1.8. http:// vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/NonPBMPSpecsMarch11/VASWMBMPSpec7PERMEABLEPAVEMENT.html.

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Virginia Department of Forestry. 2008. Rain Gardens Technical Guide: A Landscape Tool to Improve Water Quality. http://dof.virginia.gov/pub-RainGarden-Tech-Guide_2008-05.pdf.

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VNLA Newsletter www.ext.vt.edu

VNLA - Certification Quiz # 77 If you are a Virginia Certified Horticulturist, answer the following questions from the previous article, mark your answers on the card insert and mail, scan or fax back to the VNLA office towards your recertification CEU’s for your Virginia Certified Horticulturist.

Urban Stormwater: Terms & Definitions July/August/September 2016 Prepared by: Nanette R. Whitt 1. Water released by a plant and evaporation from leaves and soil is called: a. Exfiltration b. Transpiration c. Evapotranspiration 2. Another name for a green roof is: a. Living roof b. Vegetated roof c. Roofshed 3. The depth at which soils are fully saturated with water is called a: a. Wetland b. Water table c. All of the above

6. A treatment method that removes pollutants by straining, sedimentation, and similar processes is: a. Filtration b. Erosion c. Constructed wetland 7. An area where the underlying bedrock is high in limestone composition, which often results in sinkholes and unstable building condition: a. Check dam b. Karst terrain c. None of the above 8. The topsoil that supports plant growth with a best management practice: a. Media b. Media filter bed c. Filter bed d. All of the above 9. Another name for the infiltration rate is: a. Permeability rate b. Porosity rate c. Percolation rate 10. Bioretention and rain gardens are the same thing. a. True b. False 11. The average time it takes water to travel through a treatment system is called: a. Residence time b. Detention time c. All of the above 12. A microbe or microorganism that causes disease is a: a. Sediment b. Pathogen c. Hydrocarbon

4. A storage tank designed to store rainwater for later use is a: a. Cistern b. Rain barrel c. All of the above

13. Clay soils, according to the USDA soil classification system, have a particle size smaller than: a. 0.02 mm b. 0.002 mm c. 0.0002 mm

5. Soils that form under saturated conditions commonly have a rotten egg odor:

14. A hard surface that does not allow water to flow through it is called: a. Pervious b. Permeable c. Impermeable d. All of the above

a. True b. False

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News - Triathlon® BA biofungicide now OMRI Listed OHP is proud to announce that Triathlon® BA biofungicide is now listed by the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) for organic use.

"While Triathlon BA complies with the USDA for organic production, the OMRI listing is a very important additional certification," notes OHP vice president of sales Terry Higgins. "Triathlon BA is enjoying great success with growers across the country in both organic and traditional growing systems."

Triathlon BA is a broad-spectrum preventative biofungicide for control of a wide variety of fungal and bacterial diseases on ornamentals, fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices grown in greenhouses, nurseries, and shadehouses.

Triathlon BA is packed in convenient 1-gallon containers.

OHP Inc. is a leading supplier of pest control solutions to the production ornamentals market. For more information, visit www.OHP.com.

Andy Seckinger, OHP

News - New/Revised On-Line Tools: As part of their "Reduce Your Stormwater" project, the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay has created a new Online Yard Design Tool that helps property owners in the Chesapeake Bay watershed create personalized planting plans for their properties. The tool can be found at www.allianceforthebay.org. The step-by-step, userfriendly tool walks homeowners through a series of questions about their yards and the type of garden they would like to plant. Users can choose to design either a Conservation Landscape or a Rain Garden. Go http://www.stormwater.allianceforthebay.org/yard-design.

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DCR-Natural Heritage Program's Virginia Native Plant Finder has a new feature (www.dcr.virginia.gov/naturalheritage/np ). The Virginia Native Plant Finder lets users create their own custom native plant lists by selecting from a few dropdown menus. Bees, butterflies and hummingbirds are now among the choices, and there's a special category for monarch butterflies. Users also can search plants by common or scientific name to learn which plants benefit a particular pollinator.

News - VSU Recertified “Tree Campus USA In 2015, the Arbor Day Foundation named Virginia State University a "Tree Campus USA University" for its dedication to campus forestry management and environmental stewardship joining only 2 other Virginia schools in this honor. The initiative was led by the College of Agriculture's Joel Koci who formed the committee in collaboration with faculty, Facilities, Police and Public Safety, and community groups. VSU was recertified in 2016 and received a plaque from the Arbor Day Foundation at our recent service event on April 22!

In recognition of this honor, The College of Agriculture will be placing tags on selected trees on campus to remind us of the benefits of trees. The attached fact sheet describes the benefits of trees on our Chesapeake Bay watershed.

Virginia's forests play a big part in protecting the health of the Chesapeake Bay. As water moves across the landscape, it can pick up pollutants — substances that do not belong in a healthy stream.

Examples of pollutants include fertilizers from farm fields, pesticides from home lawns, oil and chemicals from roadways and parking lots, and even soil from new construction sites. Watersheds with lots of trees have some natural protection from these harmful substances. Heavy rains are less likely to disturb and carry away soil in a forested watershed.

This is because the raindrops slow down when they hit tree leaves and drip to the ground. The trees also act as filters for many of the pollutants carried in water. Tree roots absorb much of the water as it sinks into the soil. As trees use water, they remove pollutants before releasing water back into the air. Fortunately, almost two thirds of Virginia's land is forested - that is, covered by trees.

July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

Joel Koci, jkoci@vsu.edu

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News - WPS Focus: Worker and Handler training On January 1, 2016, EPA’s revisions to the Worker Protection Standard (WPS) regulations became part of the Code of Federal Regulation, specifically 40 CFR Part 170. This article focuses on the employee training requirements which become effective on January 1, 2017.

As a refresher, the WPS applies whenever a pesticide referencing the WPS is used in the production of an agricultural plant. Establishments that employ people to work with plants treated with pesticides or to handle/apply pesticides must provide pesticide safety training and other information under WPS. This would include establishments such as greenhouses and nurseries where plants are grown commercially and also retail garden centers that maintain plants for sale. A person would be employed if they receive a salary or wages, including piece-rate wages, on the establishment where the agricultural plants are produced.

The WPS defines two types of employees, workers and handlers. Workers perform tasks in areas where pesticides have been applied to agricultural plants. They may contact plants, plant parts, or soil and other surfaces that may contain pesticide residues. They should not have direct exposure to the pesticide before it is mixed or while it is being

applied. Handlers mix, load, or apply the pesticide. They may also perform other duties such as handling open containers, assist with applications, act as flaggers or repair and maintain contaminated equipment. The WPS training requirements differ somewhat for both types of employees.

The training provided to handlers will also allow them to perform worker tasks.

Beginning in 2017, WPS training will be required annually (once every 12 months) for workers and handlers.

Previously, training was required once every 5 years. All employees trained during the current year or over the past 4 years will have to be trained again in 2017. Another significant change is the timing of training. In the past, employers could provide workers with basic safety information upon hiring and then were allowed to let workers work for up to 5 days before providing them with full WPS training. Some people referred to this period as a “grace period�. This will no longer be permitted. Employers will have to provide workers with full WPS pesticide safety training prior to performing any task in a treated area of an establishment where within the last 30 days a pesticide product has been used or a restricted-entry interval has been in effect.

The revised WPS places the responsibility for training workers or handlers, including those provided by labor contractors, on the person who owns the agricultural establishment or who is responsible for managing it. This

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means that the owner or manager of the establishment, not the labor contractor, could be cited for a violation of WPS if the workers or handlers are not trained as required by WPS. Growers who use labor contractors will want to obtain documentation of the pesticide safety training for each worker or provide it themselves prior to allowing contracted laborers to work on their establishment.

Are You Prepared for the new WPS Training Requirements?

In the past, recordkeeping of pesticide safety training was voluntary as was the issuance of training verification cards.

Under the revised WPS employers must document then maintain records of pesticide safety training for each worker or handler employed for two years from the date of the training. If an employee requests, the employer must also provide them with a record of their training.

The training record has to include the following information: 1. The trained worker’s handler’s printed name and signature.

2. The date of training.

3. Information identifying the EPA-approved materials used.

4. The trainers name and documentation of qualifications (ex. Certification Number).

5. The agricultural employer’s name.

Training must be conducted in areas that are free from distraction and conducive to learning. The trainer will also have to present the information, either orally from written materials, or audio-visually in a manner that the employees can understand. If the workers or handlers do not speak the same language as the trainer, a translator would be necessary. The trainer must be present during the entire training and respond to questions. The trainer will be unable to put in a training video and go do other activities.

or a trained trainer who has completed a train-the-trainer program for handlers.

The content requirements for the pesticide safety training have been expanded but will not be required until January 1, 2018 at the earliest. New training resources are currently in development. Although trainers will not have to cover the new content in 2017, they will have to make sure that their training materials are EPA-approved. In the past, the training materials did not have to receive EPA-approval as long as they covered all the required content. To determine whether your material is EPA-approved, look for an EPA publication number (ex. EPA 735-B-06-001) or approval code. If you do not see one, contact VDACS (information below).

In addition to the pesticide safety training, handlers may also have to be trained on the use of a respirator. This becomes a requirement when the handler will apply pesticides which require respiratory protection. The training would be specific to the respirator required by the pesticide label. In addition to this training requirement, the employee would also have to undergo a medical evaluation prior to using the specified respirator and be fit tested for that respirator. As with the basic pesticide safety training employers will have to retain records related to respirator training, fit testing and medical evaluations for 2 years.

Employers also have to provide employees with establishment specific information. Specifically, employers must inform workers and handlers about the location of the pesticide safety information (poster); pesticide application information and safety data sheets; and decontamination supplies. In many cases, the employer may want to include this with the pesticide safety training. If a business hires someone who has already been trained under WPS during the past year at another employer or by a labor contractor, they would have to provide this establishment specific information separately from the training.

As a reminder, VDACS currently funds Telamon’s Pesticide Safety Training Program. This allows Telamon to provide free WPS compliant pesticide safety training to growers throughout Virginia. Telamon’s Pesticide and Workplace Safety Trainer can be contacted at (804) 3816082.

If you have additional questions about the new training requirements feel free to contact Micah Raub, the Program Coordinator for the Worker Protection Standard. Mr. Raub can be reached by phone at (804) 261-0937 or by email at micah.raub@vdacs.virginia.gov . Additional information on the rule is also available at: https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-worker-safety/revisions-worker-protection-standard .

Pesticide safety trainers must meet certain criteria prior to providing pesticide safety training. If they train workers, they must be either a certified applicator, state designated trainer, or a trainer who has gone through a train-thetrainer training program for workers or handlers. Previously, trained handlers could train workers but that will no longer be permitted. Similarly, trainers training handlers must be either a certified applicator, state designated trainer VNLA Newsletter July/August/September 2016 34 July / August / September 2016

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Tips - Computer Tips: *.Doc Files Most, if not all, hacking attempts come via the old Office file formats (.doc .xls .ppt etc.). That's because those formats allowed malicious code to be added to the file and run by Office programs. Those formats are now obsolete, having been replaced almost a decade ago.

Any organization should be sending the Office 2007 and later .docx .xlsx and .pptx files. These formats are much more secure because they won't run any code, even if its included.

Since those file formats have been available for a decade, there's no excuse for sending older and potentially dangerous files.

If you do occasionally get legitimate emails with older format files, consider asking for a resend in a more secure format.

Some organizations, rightly, refuse to accept.doc etc. files at all.

From https://office-watch.com/2016/ - a great resource for “how-to” information if you use any of the Microsoft Office products

Tips - The ‘Shazam’ For Plants

While only a small percentage of plant species can be identified so far, the more users who join, and the more participants from different countries become involved, the more diverse this app will become. So if this is something that interests you, get the app and start contributing today.

What Value Does It Add? While at the moment it doesn’t focus on edibles, this app lays the frame work for herb collecting and identifying plants in nature that could either be dangerous to you or that you would love to learn more about. The average person these days is enjoying a greater appreciation for nature this app can help them outfit their home and living space with plants they love.

In the future, an edible database could help foragers pick from the wild spread nature has to offer. Not only are wild sources of plants and herbs cleaner and free of pesticides, but they also can be picked fresher and be more nutritious.

At the same time, this app is inevitably going to get people out in nature more as now they can walk about trails and nature with a keen curiosity to learn more about what’s around them.

For more information: http://www.collective-evolution.com/2016/03/10/the-shazam-for-plants-will-identifyany-plant-from-a-picture/ By Alanna Ketler

It Will Identify Any Plant from a Picture An estimated 400,000 flowering plant species exist in the world, and, understandably, it can be difficult to keep track.

The vast majority of us can only recognize and name a handful of plants, even if we would like it to be otherwise. If you would like to sharpen your knowledge in the wonderful realm of plant species, I have some good news for you. Like everything else: there's an app for that!

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If you ever walk by a specific plant that you would like to identify, or you have extensive knowledge about plant species that you would like to share, then the PlantNet app is for you.

Available for iPhone and Android devices, it is essentially the Shazam for plants. It’s pretty awesome to consider what technology is capable of these days.

How Does the App Work?

The app works by collecting data from a large social network which uploads pictures and information about plants. Scientists from four French research organizations including Cirad, IRA, Inria/IRD, and the Tela Botanica Network developed the app.

The app features visualization software which recognizes many plant species, provided they have been illustrated well enough in the botanical reference base. PlantNet currently works on more than 4,100 species of wild flora of the French territory, and the species list is provided through the application. The number of species included and images used by the application grows as more users contribute.

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From Our Farm to Your Front Door Fast and flexible delivery solutions for the entire Mid-Atlantic

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July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

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VNLA - Lighthouse Program June 13, 2016 - Thank you for Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association's continued commitment to advancing the horticulture industry through participation in the Lighthouse Grassroots Program. You are part of an industry community grassroots network where a more informed and engaged membership has the collective ability to influence federal legislation, regulation, Davi Horta Bowen is the AmericanHort Government and policy issues that will deterRelations and Grassroots mine the future. Your organizaRepresentative tion's direct involvement will shape the environment in which our member businesses can survive, and even thrive.

The new program year begins July 1! Your partnership this past year enabled our associations to collaboratively work with Congress and key federal agencies. Just a few highlights: 

We've mostly held our ground in the ongoing effort to protect and preserve the H-2 programs until broader reforms are possible. In December, Congress reinstated the expired H-2B



Returning Worker exemption, providing cap relief to many in our industry. We continue to push for timely application and visa petition processing, one of the many issues for which Lighthouse partners joined onto Congressional letters to keep pressure on the agencies to perform.



Lighthouse network grassroots have also advanced the STARS Act, which would clarify and streamline the treatment of seasonal workers under the Affordable Care Act.



We've been deeply involved in efforts to slow the Department of Labor's Overtime Rule. This rule will be a challenge especially for retail and landscape firms, as well as our associations themselves. It has been an arduous process and the battle continues.



On the opportunity side, implementation of the 2014 Farm Bill's horticulture-related programs has allowed us all to enjoy the fruits of our joint advocacy and grassroots labor. The Farm Bill has enabled several critical and high-profile specialty crop research projects, including intelligent spray application technology, the growing Rose Rosette Disease threat, and critical pollinator health projects. It has enabled vital work on pest and disease mitigation. And, the list of states active in the Plant Something program, an important industry awareness and promotion effort, continues to grow.

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As we look to the activity year ahead, which starts July 1, the Bee and Pollinator Stewardship Initiative and overtime issues will continue to be a major focus. With the November elections, we'll have a new administration and dozens of new Members of Congress with whom the industry needs to build a relationship. And, big picture policy issues like tax and immigration reform may return to center stage.

The Lighthouse Program provides a national grassroots action platform through the online Voter Voice. Also, we will continue to provide our partners with biweekly insights on what's happening in Washington, and how it impacts our industry. You are welcome to adapt this information for your own communications.

AmericanHort continues to be the only broad-based national horticulture industry trade association with a highly experienced profesCraig Regelbrugge, Senior Vice President – sional staff located in downtown Industry Advocacy Washington, DC - right where the & Research action is. We are committed to open and effective collaboration with our partner association staff and leadership. We are available by phone or email to share ideas and updates. Some of our partners invite us to join periodic leadership calls and to attend events to provide updates. We are happy to work with our partners to coordinate lobbying visits to Washington, DC, or to collaborate on local, in-district Congressional visits on priority issues.

At AmericanHort, we believe that the industry's success is intertwined. We proudly count breeders and growers of all types, interior and exterior landscape professionals, garden retailers, landscape distributors, and suppliers among our members. We are committed to moving the entire industry forward.

Plants, and the successful production and use of plants, are the common denominator. Our advocacy values include taking the long view, and maintaining a reputation for effectiveness with integrity.

Staying involved is easy. The VNLA provides membership data to AmericanHort and is used only for grassroots messaging purposes by way of the Lighthouse brand and through the Voter Voice platform.

Here's how it works. The state partners enroll their active, instate members and pay a per-member participation fee of $10.

Primary benefits include:    

Access to the Voter Voice online grassroots mobilization website Timely, customized grassroots alerts when Congress or federal agencies need to hear from us Articles every two weeks providing issue updates and interpretation for partners to publish in newsletters, on social media, or web Access to AmericanHort's advocacy staff team

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Strength in Numbers - A single letter, email, or tweet won't get a lawmaker's attention. But dozens of messages on a single issue can make a difference. And hundreds - or better yet, thousands - are even more likely to. With 40 state association partners as well as the National Christmas Tree Association, we're now nearly 15,000 business voices strong. That means thousands of businesses that can be activated to quickly respond to threats or opportunities. For business owners and managers, our goal is to make it easier to stay informed, get engaged, and be effective.

For more information about the Lighthouse Program go to http://americanhort.org/lighthouse .

Tips - Understanding the Terms Affordable and Minimum Value Coverage In general, under the employer shared responsibility provisions of the Affordable Care Act, an applicable large employer may either offer affordable minimum essential coverage that provides minimum value to its full-time employees and their dependents or potentially owe an employer shared responsibility payment to the IRS. Here is information to help you understand affordable coverage and minimum value coverage.

Affordable coverage: If the lowest cost self-only only health plan is 9.5 percent or less of your full-time employee’s household income then the coverage is considered affordable. Because you likely will not know your employee’s household income, for purposes of the employer shared responsibility provisions, you can determine whether you offered affordable coverage under various safe harbors based on information available to you.

Minimum value coverage: An employer-sponsored plan provides minimum value if it covers at least 60 percent of the total allowed cost of benefits that are expected to be incurred under the plan.

Under existing guidance, employers generally must use a minimum value calculator developed by the Department of Health and Human Services and the IRS to determine if a plan with standard features provides minimum value. Plans with nonstandard features are required to obtain an actuarial certification for the nonstandard features. The guidance also describes certain safe harbor plan designs that will satisfy minimum value.

IRS Issue Number: HCTT-2016-65 For more information, visit the Affordable Care Act Tax Provisions for Employers pages on IRS.gov/aca, including the Minimum Value and Affordability page.

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Research - Sniffing Out Overwintering Stink Bugs

of stink bugs. On average, these homeowners counted over 3,000 stink bugs. Suburban and urban dwellers counted fewer stink bugs.

ARS is USDA's principal intramural scientific research In 2013, U.S. Department agency. of Agriculture (USDA)

By Sharon Durham, Read more about this research in the March scientists surveyed forests 2015 issue of Agricultural Research magazine. in Maryland and West Virginia and found that stink bugs prefer to overwinter in large, dry, dead ESN-117 Map Ad/4.5x7.25 8/30/04 10:27 AM Page 1 trees havAd - Eastern Shore Nurseries of Virginia ing a circumference of more than 23 inches.

Agricultural Research Service (ARS) entomologist Tracy Leskey and her team at the Appalachian Fruit Research Station in Kearneysville, West Virginia, surveyed the forests and found that oak and locust trees seem to be the favorite stink bug overwintering sites. According to Leskey, the porous dead tissue and peeling bark make a great place for the bugs to crawl into and hide. She found stink bugs in 33 percent of the trees fitting those parameters.

The 2013 survey team included two detector dogs. The dogs were first trained to recognize the odor of adult stink bugs. Then, in indoor trials, they were guided by their handlers to find bugs hidden in cardboard boxes. Next, the dogs were trained in the field, where bugs were hidden beneath pieces of bark attached to living trees. In both indoor and outdoor trials, the dogs accurately detected target insects with greater than 84 percent accuracy.

Finally, the dogs were taken to woodland areas along the Appalachian Trail in Maryland. In these real-world conditions, the detector dogs were able to find wild overwintering stink bugs.

As part of a project known as the "Great Stink Bug Count," citizen volunteers from the Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, and Pacific Northwest regions of the United States recorded daily counts of stink bugs, along with their locations on residences and the time of each tally.

Landscape type seemed to have the greatest influence on overall stink bug numbers arriving at specific homes, according to Leskey. Homes located in mixed agriculture and woodland sites had the greatest number VNLA Newsletter VNLA Newsletter

WH O C A R E S T H AT WE’RE PLANTED ON THE EASTERN SHORE? Maybe you should care. The Eastern Shore of Virginia is unique place – a narrow peninsula between the Atlantic Ocean and the Chesapeake Bay. Thanks to the Gulf Stream, we’re blessed with temperate growing conditions, refreshing shore breezes and plenty of sunshine year round. Which gives us the perfect environment Eastern for growing happy, healthy plants. Plus we’re in Shore the ideal location to get our plants to you ASAP. Nursery Of Call Eastern Shore Nursery of Virginia Virginia today to order plants that have the best start in life money can buy.

Keller, Virginia • 1-800-323-3008 • www.esnursery.com

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Research - TREE Fund Awards Will Support Healthier Urban Trees Naperville, IL (July 26, 2016) - The Tree Research and Education Endowment Fund (TREE Fund) announces the first of its 2016 grant awards totaling over $160,000 for urban tree research and arboriculture education. The result of these larger grants will be better tools for tree professionals. TREE Fund expects to award nearly $300,000 in additional grants by year end, 1Urban Ecosystem photo disbursing nearly $3.0 million from: International Society of since its inception in 2002.

Arboriculture, International Society of Arboriculture,

As part of a strategic goal to inBugwood.org crease the number, value and impact of grants, the TREE Fund Board awarded three Hyland R. Johns Research Grants with a maximum value of $50,000 each, the largest outlay under this signature program since 2008.

“In a rapidly changing world, more and larger high-quality grants will provide better tools, sooner, to tree professionals around the world,” notes TREE Fund President and CEO J. Eric Smith. “We are committed to similarly expanding other grant programs in the years ahead, while also launching valuable new grant lines targeted at specific sectors of the tree care community.”

Dr. Susan Day, Virginia Tech was one of the Research Grant recipients.

Susan Day, PhD (Virginia Tech) hypothesizes that the overall urban forest canopy structure has a greater effect on stormwater mitigation than characteristics of individual trees. In the “Urban Forests as Stormwater Systems—The role of canopy structure and ground cover in stormwater mitigation” project, Dr. Day will examine how planting design (trees only, trees plus understory, understory only) and tree management (leaf removal or mulching) influence water infiltration and capture. Results can be used to optimize groundcover management beneath trees and to inform stormwater policy and runoff estimation models.

From the Alliance for Community Trees, c/o Arbor Day Foundation, Lincoln, NE 68508 http://actrees.org/

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Red-Headed Flea Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Flea Beetle Adult

Brian A. Kunkel, Lianmarie N. Colon

Hosts Red-headed flea beetles have a wide host range including chrysanthemums, forsythia, hibiscus, lamb’s-quarter, pigweed, zinnia, sedum, asters, Salvia, roses, hollies among many others.

Identification The adults are shiny black with a reddish head, oval, 3.0-6.25 mm long, and have antennae nearly half as long as the body. Their hind legs are enlarged and they are capable of jumping, hence the name flea beetle. Adults frequently will feed on tender new shoots or growth.

B

A

Figure 1: Red Headed Flea Beetle Lar vae; A. Labor ator y image, B. Lar vae found in r oot ball

Growing Degree Days and Plant Phenological Indicators A

B

Figure 2: Plants in Full Bloom; A. Black Locust in bloom, B. Chinese Fr ingetr ee in bloom

Larval activity (Figure 1) of the first generation of flea beetles was seen around 242 – 481 GDD50.

Trees in full bloom at this time were Chinese Fringetree (Figure 2B) and Black locust (Figure 2A), and wild cher r y, azalea, and Vir ginia sweetspire (not pictured) were in bloom. Larvae do not appear to significantly damage host plants while feeding on the roots.

Growing Degree Days and Insect Phenology

A

B C

Figure 3: Emer gence of Adults: A. Magnolia grandiflora in bloom; B. Ilex verticillata in bloom, C. Ilex verticillata flower close up.

Emergence of first generation adults was seen around 517 – 1,028 GDD50. Plants in full bloom at this time were Magnolia grandiflora (Figure 3A) and Ilex verticillata (Figure 3B).

A

B

Figure 4: Second gener ation flea beetle lar vae; A. Hosta in bloom, B. Cr ape Myr tle in bloom Larval activity of the second generation of flea beetles occurred around 1,570—1,860 GDD50.

Plants in bloom at this time are Hosta (Figure 4A) and Crape Myrtle (Figure 4B).

Emergence of second generation adults occurred around 1,878-2,318 GDD50. Woody plants with easily observed phenological indicators were not present at this time.

Control Thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, lambda-cyhalothrin, and bifenthrin reduced adult feeding on with foliar applications; however residual activity seemed to decline after a week. Cyanotriliprole treated plants had fewer damaged leaves 30 d after application.

Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae both reduced number of live flea beetle larvae found in root balls that had been dipped in solution for 30 seconds twice (2 weeks apart).

Imidacloprid, dinotefuran, and bifenthrin also appeared to reduce live larvae found in drenched root balls.

Flea Beetle Damage

VNLA - Board Meeting Summary 6/11/16 Summer Board Meeting, Saturday, June 11, 9 am - 3 pm Norris Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg

Executive Committee - Bill Gouldin reported that the Bylaw Revisions and passed with a vote of 76-1 with 13% of the membership voting.

CPA - Deanna Cox, Robinson, Farmer, Cox Associates, the VNLA’s CPA, reviewed the process they will be following for the audit of the 2015 records, which is done every 3 years. She also reviewed the investment funds and their related accounting practices.

Membership - Doug Rodes 

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Action Agenda items discussed with a motion to accept: Executive Transition - Sonya Westervelt had submitted a written report and noted that the committee was continuing on Phase II. In August and September, the consultant will be contacting each board member for a phone interview to get their input on the selection process for the next executive director. He should then have a written report for the Fall board meeting. Then the search process would begin in the spring of 2017. It was noted that this a opportunity for the association to do big things. A motion was made to accept the complete written report, seconded and passed.

Green Industry Economic Impact Survey - Bill Gouldin and Jeff Miller reviewed the proposal from Gil Grattan to participate and support the planned green industry survey as noted in the written report. There was a discussion on the type of information that would be most beneficial for the VNLA. The board was asked to submit any specific questions by the EOD, Wednesday, June 15 to the VNLA office.

A motion was made to support the survey with a $5,000 contribution, seconded and passed.

Other discussion items and reports VA Tech Horticulture Department Update - Roger Harris gave an update from the Department of Horticulture. The re-organization of the Horticulture Department, the Crop, Soils and Environmental Sciences Department, and the Plant Pathology and Physiology Department into the School of Plant and Environmental Sciences is expected to be completed in about another year. They will still have the Environmental Horticulture major along with two new majors in Environmental Restoration and Organic Agriculture. There are currently 75 students in the department and they are getting a lot of transfers into the department.

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There have been 69 new VNLA member applications received since the first of the year. We are analyzing the membership makeup and developing ideas to achieve better “Active” member numbers vs. “Associate” member numbers.

The recent Membership Survey is complete and the committee is examining the results and proposing ways to respond and react to the memberships feedback.

Social networking events were held in Charlottesville and Richmond this winter and additional events are planned for northern VA and Hampton Roads areas.

Recruitment efforts are underway for current members to do a short video on “I am a member because…” to post online as well as outreach to fringe industry members.

Legislation - Brent Hunsinger The national level H2A and H2B programs are the subject of much debate in Congress. On May 18, VNLA members (Seana Ankers, Chapman Williams, Mark Maslow and others) participated in an H2B advocacy day in DC. The VNLA signed on to a “Dear Colleague” letter that several members of Congress are sending to the government agencies responsible for administering H2A. Essentially the agencies are failing to live up to their obligations under the law to carry out the program in a timely and efficient manner. The returning worker cap is also being debated. These programs are caught up in the larger immigration debate.

The Noxious Weeds Bill was signed into law. As mentioned in the Environmental Committee report I attended a Noxious Weeds Advisory Committee meeting in March and will attend the next one on June 14th. See the Environmental Committee report for a summary on the current status.

The Eastern Groundwater Advisory Committee continues to study groundwater levels east of Interstate 95. Many meetings are ongoing regarding this issue and will continue for the next year. Ed Tankard attended the Mission H20 annual meeting on May 12th. Issues of concern include well permit reporting and groundwater/surface water usage.

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Environmental Affairs - Josh Ellinger Noxious Weed Advisory Committee - Brent Hunsinger On March 17, 2016 Brent Hunsinger attended the second Noxious Weed Advisory Committee meeting in Charlottesville. The third meeting will be on June 16, 2016 in Richmond. The following notes were submitted by Brent from the March meeting: There had been a question at the first meeting in December about whether potential weed species could be listed while the process to change regulatory definitions took place.

Larry Nichols reported that the Committee can go ahead on both fronts. Because the statute was changed the process the change the regulations must start from the beginning. This involves 3 steps: 1. Notice of Intent to change the regulations presented to VDACS Board at the December 2016 meeting 2. Present proposed language of amended regs to Board for approval. Also present a list of proposed candidate species.

3. Public Comment period The process to change the regulations could take 2 years.

VDACS would add a detailed noxious weeds page to their website containing a document that outlines how candidate species should be submitted.

Also we spent time beginning the conversation on what the proposal process would look like and contain. There are many varying opinions on this issue and so will take time to establish.

Finally, because the definition of a noxious weed was changed in the statute the definitions of what is a Tier 1 and Tier 2 noxious weed must change. We began the process of changing these definitions and added a Tier 3.

Pollinator Protection Plan Advisory Committee - Virginia is currently developing a Pollinator Protection Plan and Josh Ellinger has taken the lead on this issue and provides a summary in his report.

On May 24, 2016 Josh Ellinger, Brent Hunsinger and Jeff Miller participated in the Pollinator Protection Plan Advisory Committee conference call. The advisory committee meet via conference call for an initial review of Virginia's Plan to Mitigate the Risk of Pesticides to Managed Pollinators (Plan). The purpose of this call was to provide an overview of the critical elements of the Plan prior to the June 15, 2016 meeting of the advisory committee. The following initial points for discussion were raised and will be revisited during the June 15 Meeting of the Committee: 

Is there other technology that will accomplish the same goals; alternatives? o What are other states doing who aren’t using DriftWatch? Did we look at their plans? o DriftWatch does much more than bees. Will it be used for other purposes? o Who will coordinate DriftWatch?  Virginia Pollinator Protection Strategy - The current draft Plan does not indicate it is part of a broader Strategy.

Identification of Hives - The current Plan does not include visual identification of hives, for example, the use of a flag or another physical identifier. o

Aerial applicators need to be able to identify hives during flight.

Notification - The current Plan proposes notification of all known beekeepers with hives within one (1) mile of the application site of all planned pesticide applications as soon as the application is planned and when possible, at least 24 hours in advance of the application. The current Plan also proposes that applicators provide pesticide product information including the product name, active ingredient, formulation, method of application and planned time of application. 

EPAs guidance listed options. How did we get to 24 hours and 1 mile?  What is to keep someone from placing a hive in a location simply to hinder applications of pesticides?  Who is responsible to notify pesticide applicators of the location of hives? Are the Beekeepers responsible for making themselves known? Or are the grower and/or applicators responsible for finding them?  Add an appendix to the plan listing the more toxic chemistry (see below).  What happens when you don’t know what products will be applied until the applicator is on site?

Best Management Practices (BMP) - The current Plan includes a placeholder for the Additional Best Management Practices for Pesticide Applicators. They are currently under development. The current Plan also proposes as a possible BMP that, when possible, applicators use selective pesticides that have minimal impact on non-target species. 

Evaluation - The current Plan proposes metrics to determine the effectiveness of the Plan to promote the implementation of best management practices and enhance communication between agricultural producers, landowners, pesticide applicators, and beekeepers. The current Plan does not include the mechanism for measuring the effectiveness.

DriftWatch - The current draft Plan proposes utilization of DriftWatch as a communication tool to encourage the voluntary exchange of information.

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In addition, the following information was requested and is provided below: 

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Definitions - For the purposes of this plan, ‐ Commercial beekeeper - over 300 colonies ‐ Sideliner beekeeper - 50 to 300 colonies ‐ Hobbyist beekeeper - 1 to 50 colonies List of Pesticides - The current Plan includes a link to information regarding the toxicity of commonly used pesticides https://extension.entm.purdue.edu/publications/E-53.pdf .

Information regarding DriftWatch is available at https://in.driftwatch.org/ Select state pollinator plans: ‐ Georgia https://ugaurbanag.com/pollinator-protection-plan-for-georgia/ ‐ Delaware http://dda.delaware.gov/pesticides/downloads/DE_Pollinator_Protection_Plan.pdf ‐ Mississippi http://www.mdac.ms.gov/wpcontent/uploads/bpi_bee_brochure.pdf ‐ North Carolina http://www.ncagr.gov/pollinators/index.htm

Certification - Jeff Howe - 8 tests were administered this spring through June 2, with 113 members taking the test

with a 73% pass rate, the highest we’ve ever had. From feedback, the Scholar online review program has been a major benefit to increase the passing rate, especially the Plant ID. We have 280+ registered to use the Scholar online study program. 

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We want you all to wear your badges proudly and promote your expertise. When asked please explain what it means to you and show someone how you can teach them a little horticulture. Encourage your place of work to display the placards and use the new stickers and magnets on their vehicles and spread your achievement on social media. It is the proper use of this professionalism that benefits us all in untold ways.

We have received some good feedback about the program from testing issues and errors to the aged manual and the review classes. The consensus is the manual is a great source of information but not a textbook for the certification exam. The review classes are helpful and should be more consistent with a visual teaching aid presentation.

We think this presentation and text can be incorporated to on online review and testing and we are exploring the cost involved with developing this work.

Ad - Johnston County Nursery Marketing Assoc

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We have distributed both the VA Master Gardeners new manual and the Maryland Certified Horticulturist manual to be reviewed by members of the certification committee and some VCH advisors in the Education Field as we move forward with revamping our manual. We will have a survey coming out over the summer to better understand the current status of our certified members and get some more feedback on this 78 year old program with a total of 614 certified members I did a webinar with NALP about 3 weeks ago on marketing their Landscape Industry certification. Three leaders, two of maintenance companies and one garden center told how it set them apart and how they pasted the branding on everything print and promoted it on radio social media.

I think we need magnets for company trucks or ones that employees can move from vehicle to vehicle like the arborist and pesticide applicators have. I like the stamp and need one. I am of the mindset that VNLA should provide all certified members with promotional stuff for no charge but I know that is a tough sell.

I spent a couple of days on a technical advisory committee with the CBCLP program, which is in it infancy as you know. It is going to be interesting to see how this regional certification program develops.

Research - As an alternative to the MANTS Gala fund-raising events of previous years, Christopher Brown Jr will be organizing a Call-A-Thon in late August to raise funds for the VNLA Horticulture Research Foundation and the VNLA Board will match up to $10,000.

Website Advertising options were discussed as an additional revenue stream.

2017 Board Members - Sonya Westervelt will be contacting current and potential board members to develop a slate of officers and directors for the annual meeting on January 12, 2017

Tips - Beech Bark Disease

Beech Bark Disease (Nectina coccinea var. faginata) photo by Patrick Hodge, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources

While attending a recent educational program at Yew Dell Botanic Garden in Louisville, Kentucky (a wonderful garden, BTW), I sat in on a presentation by Alex Niemiera Professor of Horticulture, Virginia Tech, that included some disturbing information.

American beech, Fagus grandifolia, is a common component of North American forests east of the Mississippi River from Canada to the Gulf Coast. It's also a gorgeous landscape tree, particularly due to its beautiful bark (I’m a bark snob … don’t judge). But the species appears to be at risk due to an insect/fungus complex that's spreading across the eastern U.S. with increasing speed, from Canada and Maine to the south and west.

Those in the northeast may already be familiar with this disease complex; others within the native range should be aware and on the lookout! The insect is a bark scale (Cryptococcus fagisuga) and an associated exotic fungus (Nectria coccinea var. faginata). While the bark scale is visible and relatively easy to spot, symptoms of the fungal infection are slow to progress, with infected trees declining via crown dieback over one to 10 years before finally failing. Control options are limited and control is very difficult where this insect/disease complex are established in the wild, simply due to large populations of disease-carrying scale insects in native areas.

Matthew Chappell, Editor-at-Large, Nursery & Landscape Insider, News and commentary for the nursery & landscape market, reprinted with permission

The next VNLA Board Meeting will be Wednesday, October 19 in Williamsburg.

Compiled by Jeff Miller from the 6/11/16 VNLA Board Meeting Minutes and Committee Reports, for more details, suggestions, contact info@vnla.org 540-382-0943

If you don’t see your ad here, neither does anyone else!

Call 800-476-0055 or email info@vnla.org for advertising information, today!

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Tips - The Value of Certification It’s a question every green industry professional and business must assess at some point. Should a business, or individual(s) within a business, hold professional certification(s)? Also important, with the dozens of certifications available from government and industry groups at local, state, regional, national and international scales, what “level” of certification should be attained?

While it's the choice of the business or individual as to what certifications are held, it's becoming clear that holding professional certifications is increasingly important for salaries and profits. Across all business sectors in the U.S., more professional certifications were awarded in 2015 than college degrees! Today, 1 in 10 workers hold a professional certificate, whereas 34% hold a college degree. But the gap shows signs of closing. Also, those individuals and businesses that hold a certificate within an industry (e.g. green industry) earn 20% more than non-certified individuals or businesses.

There are other important reasons for considering certifications, including potential tax breaks, group purchasing

discounts, political voice, continuing education opportunities and networking opportunities. So while many certifications require an up-front time and money commitment, the value of certifications seems to be increasing. Maybe it’s time you look into it.

Matthew Chappell, Editor-at-Large, Nursery & Landscape Insider, News and commentary for the nursery & landscape market, reprinted with permission

Tips - Marketing: Should You Push or Pull?

Many highly intelligent and experienced professionals and academics have asked students or peers the business question as part of a seminar or class: “If anyone can grow a plant, dig a hole or mow a lawn, why do green industry businesses fail?”

There are many, many reasons, of course, leading some business to die the “death by a thousand paper cuts.” But there are a few major reasons. One of those big reasons centers on marketing.

Marketing is something that so many people do incorrectly, yet it doesn’t have to be difficult or complicated.

We all know the basic tenants of marketing: You have to

Ad - Plantworks Nursery

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identify a potential customer, identify their needs, determine a mechanism to provide for those needs and inform others that your business is available to service their needs.

Yet there's one additional lesson that seems to help many of my clients: the theory of push versus pull marketing.

Let’s define our terms: Push marketing involves taking your product directly to the customer by making sure the customer is aware of your company or product at the point of purchase (also termed direct sales). Examples of push marketing include participating in trade shows to encourage customer demand; direct selling to customers using face-to-face meetings; investing in featured products (landscapes) in target sale areas; negotiations with retailers to stock your product; or negotiations with homeowner associations for long-term contracts.

Pull marketing involves motivating customers to become educated and excited about your product and company and to specifically seek out your product or brand in an active process. Examples of pull marketing include “traditional” advertising (e.g. magazine and newspaper) and mass media promotion (e.g. television and radio), word-of-mouth referrals after your brand or product sufficiently saturates the market, and sales promotions and discounts.

Granted, Millennials as a whole are an extremely needy and whiney group that makes one want to pour another adult beverage. But they're also our future.

They’re a group that I've found wants to live sustainably, but for the large part have never had anyone introduce them to horticulture. Once their eyes are open, they’re interested and eager to learn. In fact, once you instill a little work ethic in them, they're an exciting and carefree bunch to interact with. Reminds me of us when we were young and not so cantankerous!

So I challenge you to mentor a high school or college student. Hire them as an intern. Mold and shape them. In most cases, it’s more an investment in our industry’s future than in your specific business. But I guarantee you’ll also learn a tremendous amount about your future customers and that will be invaluable.

Matthew Chappell, Editor-at-Large, Nursery & Landscape Insider, News and commentary for the nursery & landscape market, for your own subscription, go to https://www.ballpublish-

ing.com/bpsubscriptions/newslettersignup.aspx?newsletter=nurserylandscapeinsider reprinted with permission

The biggest difference in these two strategies is in the money you'll spend to carry out these strategies and the audience you're targeting.

Research - Pollinator Protection in the Green Industry

Generally, in push marketing you'll spend more money on each potential client, but less money overall because you target specific customers.

A Focus in USDA NIFA Grant Allocation

In pull marketing, your promotional cost per potential customer is lower, but your total cost is usually much higher because you're not targeting specific customers but rather broad demographic groups.

Generally, push marketing is the more successful marketing strategy employed by nurseries and landscapers.

Matthew Chappell, Editor-at-Large, Nursery & Landscape Insider, News and commentary for the nursery & landscape market, reprinted with permission

Tips - Mentor Students Notes from the Edge of Sanity This marks only the second Nursery & Landscape Insider newsletter I’ve written, so there aren’t too many comments to address yet. Don’t be shy, folks—your input will guide this ship (hopefully, away from the rocks).

In the meantime, I wanted to stir the pudding with a topic that’s near and dear to me: the concept of paying it forward, particularly with respect to the youth of our world.

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Link to above video http://americanhort.org/bees

WASHINGTON, DC and COLUMBUS, OH—August 4, 2016—Over $2.8 million was awarded towards pollinator protection in ornamental horticulture through the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI). The funds will be distributed over a period of two years, with additional funds available over a total five-year period, to a collaboration of researchers facilitated by Dr. Cristi Palmer, IR-4 Project.

The research will further define pollinator attractiveness of landscape plants to help increase the supply of nutritious

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forage for bees and to identify key plants for targeted integrated pest management approaches to reduce pesticide risk to bees. Pesticide residue analysis will also be included.

downy mildew on horticultural crops, also facilitated by the IR-4 Project, and brown marmorated stink bug management in specialty crops at North Carolina State University.

A significant effort will be devoted to determine consumer preference of plant labeling, education, and development of pollinator protective language. Bumble bees and native bees will be the focus, since managed honey bees are rarely, if ever, utilized in the green industry. The results will directly benefit nursery and greenhouse growers, the landscape industry, garden centers, and consumers.

The Horticultural Research Institute (HRI), the research affiliate of AmericanHort, has provided over $7 million in funds since 1962 to research projects covering a broad range of production, environmental, and business issues important to the green industry. Over $10 million is committed to the endowment by individuals, corporations, and associations.

“AmericanHort and HRI see this project as critical toward providing our industry the guidance it needs to produce and maintain healthy plants and landscapes while also sustaining and improving the health of pollinators,” said Craig Regelbrugge, Senior Vice President, AmericanHort.

For more information about HRI, its grant-funded research, scholarships, or programming, visit www.hriresearch.org or contact Jennifer Gray at 614.884.1155.

In 2015, the Horticultural Research Institute (HRI) dedicated $161,000 to five research projects as part of the Grow Wise, Bee Smart pollinator stewardship initiative.

The research generated the preliminary data needed to shape and justify the SCRI grant objectives, and these scientists are key members of this large collaboration.

USDA NIFA funded 19 projects, a total of $36.5 million, as part of the 2014 Farm Bill’s Specialty Crop Research Initiative. Other funded projects HRI sees as important for our industry include a workshop to identify knowledge gaps for

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News - Ortho Brand Announces Plan to Eliminate Neonics from All its Outdoor Products Partnership with the Pollinator Stewardship Council to Focus on Consumer Education MARYSVILLE, Ohio, April 12, 2016 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Ortho, the nation's leading brand of insect control products for lawn and garden use, said today it would immediately begin to transition away from the use of neonicotinoid-based pesticides for outdoor use and announced a new partnership with the Pollinator Stewardship Council to help educate homeowners on the safe and appropriate use of pesticides.

Earlier this spring, Ortho expanded its selection of non-neonic based garden solutions. Building on this process, the brand will eliminate the use of neonic active ingredients Imidacloprid, Clothianidin and Dinotefuran by 2017.

"This decision comes after careful consideration regarding the range of possible threats to honey bees and other pollinators," said Tim Martin, general manager of the Ortho brand. "While agencies in the United States are still evaluating the overall impact of neonics on pollinator populations, it's time for Ortho to move on. As the category leader, it is our responsibility to provide consumers with effective solutions that they know are safe for their family and the environment when used as directed. We encourage other companies and brands in the consumer pest control category to follow our lead."

To further help homeowners, Ortho and its parent company, ScottsMiracle-Gro, announced a multi-year partnership with the Pollinator Stewardship Council, one of the nation's leading pollinator advocacy organizations and supporter of more than 550 beekeepers throughout the United States.

The Company has previously collaborated with the Council to promote pollinator habitat, and the expanded partnership will develop homeowner education related to the responsible use of pesticides where pollinators can be found. That effort will use web, social media and other platforms to reach consumers. In January, ScottsMiracle-Gro also announced the Pollinator Promise, a program that will result in the creation of 75 pollinator gardens in cities throughout the U.S. this year. The program is part of the company's highly recognized GRO1000 Initiative, which has resulted in the creation of 790 community gardens thus far.

forward to developing programs that help accomplish our shared goal to protect them. We join Ortho in asking other consumer pest control brands to also transition away from the use of neonics."

In addition to these initiatives, ScottsMiracle-Gro said it would work with the Pollinator Stewardship Council and other partners to encourage government agencies to allow the use of label language that makes the purchase of non-neonic pesticides more apparent for homeowners.

"Ortho is taking this important action on its products, yet, consumers will still not know which products contain neonics and which do not simply by reading the product label. We know straight-forward, easily understood product labels help consumers make the best choices to protect both their plants as well as honey bees and native pollinators," Ms. Colopy continued. "Regulators need to allow the images on labels to be consistent with typical, recognizable consumer imagery to help the consumer make intuitive choices to achieve these goals. We look forward to joining with ScottsMiracle-Gro in the effort to help consumers better distinguish what products are neonic-free."

About ScottsMiracle-Gro With approximately $3 billion in worldwide sales, The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company is the world's largest marketer of branded consumer products for lawn and garden care. The Company's brands are the most recognized in the industry. In the U.S., the Company's Scotts®, Miracle-Gro® and Ortho® brands are market-leading in their categories, as is the consumer Roundup® brand, which is exclusively marketed near worldwide by Scotts and owned by Monsanto. In Europe, the Company's brands include Weedol®, Pathclear®, Evergreen®, Levington®, Miracle-Gro®, KB®, Fertiligène® and Substral®. In 2016, the Company ranked on Forbes 100 Most Reputable Companies in America.

For additional information, visit us at

www.scottsmiraclegro.com

http://pollinatorstewardship.org/

"We applaud the Ortho brand and ScottsMiracle-Gro for the steps that they're taking to protect pollinators," said Michele Colopy, program director of the Pollinator Stewardship Council. "Bees and butterflies are essential to our ecosystem and are increasingly facing a struggle to survive. We know gardeners value the importance of pollinators and we look VNLA Newsletter 50

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VNLA Pender ad half page_VNLA pender half page ad 1/15/14 11:21 AM Page

News – Virginia Agribusiness Tips - New market idea: Banquet & Town Hall Meeting Recycle Woody Materials Selling woody materials from landscaping projects to craft industry

Ad - Pender Nursery Ad – Pender Nursery

Theresa Nartea, Assistant Professor, Marketing and Agribusiness, Virginia State University Joel Koci, Extension Associate, Urban Forestry, Virginia State University NEW AD Introduction

With recent fashion and home décor trends focusing on natural found elements, a potential market opportunity for the landscaping industry is emerging (HGTV.com, 2016). Media promotion of fashion and home décor termed as: forest chic, gypsy or “Boho” (also known as Bohemian) forest, rustic luxe, and vintage farmhouse inspire event planners Via Green Industry Council members install plants and flowers and cottage crafters to create nature inspired events and natfor the Virginia Agribusiness Council Banquet. ural crafted items. Millennial consumers contribute to na(front) Lorene Blackwood, (l‐r) Bill Bonwell, Gwynn Hubbard, ture inspired trend adoption by incorporating natural wood Peggy Seay, Cary Gouldin elements into home construction and furnishings to blend a vintage vibe with modern design for mainstream aesthetic appeal.

Landscape businesses may find lucrative opportunities in partnering with the crafting industry, decorators, event planners, or home crafters to sell tree materials in the form of natural, dried stumps, twigs, and branches left over from landscaping projects for use in various crafting applications.

Cobranding created items with specific landscape business branding and creating a business webpage link to other craft business webpages may also encourage new business leads.

Perceived Environmental Benefit The United States Composting Council (2008) estimated James Nurseries plants is comprised of 13% James River Nurseries installing plans of the River national landfillinstalling waste stream and sod from Brookmeade Sod Farm yard and sod from Brookmeade Sod Farm trimming debris equating to 31M tons per year diverted to American landfills. According to Eleazer (1997), only 29% of tree branch materials decompose in a landfill setting. The use of reclaimed wood from landscaping companies promotes recycling in the form of “upcycling” and may increase consumer perceived value of what once was considered waste to be thrown in a landfill or burned.

Chakravarty, Puri, Pala, and Shukla (2015) suggested the use of processed or value-added harvested wood products may contribute to greenhouse gas mitigation by serving as a carbon sequestration source.

Price Discovery Online pricing of reclaimed wood décor items range from

Town Hall meeting at Grelen Nurseries, Orange, VA less than one dollar to over $1,000 or more. There is craft-

ing potential for every budget, small to extravagant. Creative applications for natural wood cuttings and stumps left over from landscaping are seemingly endless and limited only by imagination.

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social media platforms such as Instagram or Pinterest may encourage interest and bulk sales. A variety of different décor items are presented in Table 1. To view the reference source of the pictures contained in Table 1, click on the specific picture of interest.

2016, Virginia State University, ANR-215NP A complete copy of this Extension Publication, go to

https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/ANR/ANR-215/ANR-215.html Tree branch hook

Tree branch shelf

Tree segment stool

Tree stump moving tables

If you don’t see your ad here, neither does anyone else!

Call 800-476-0055 or email info@vnla.org for advertising information, today!

Ad - Willow Springs Tree Farms

Twig lampshade

Stump adjustable stool

Twig painted art

Tree segment clock

Recommendations Special attention should be placed on wedding event planners and brides who may be interested in using natural wood items in decorating and wedding favors. Working with craft supply retailers, home crafters, artisan cottage businesses, and art class teachers is also encouraged. Developing a virtual photo catalog of potential crafting or décor ideas using VNLA Newsletter July/August/September 2016 52 July / August / September 2016

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Contact Person: _________________________________________________ Company Name: ________________________________________________ Mailing Address: ________________________________________________ City: _____________________________ ST____ Zipcode _________-_____ Phone: _____-______-____________ Fax: _____-______-____________ Email: _________________________________________________________ Date: ____/____/______ For Additional Information, Call, Fax or Email:

Virginia Nursery & Landscape Association

383 Coal Hollow Road, Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 800-476-0055 or 540-382-0943 ---- Fax: 540-382-2716 Email: info@vnla.org www.vnla.org

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MANTS

®

The Masterpiece of Trade Shows ™

JANUARY 11-13, 2017 BALTIMORE CONVENTION CENTER

There are plenty of trade shows, but there’s only one MANTS. It’s the show where buyers know that they can find all the products their business needs. And sellers can count on meeting plenty of customers eager for their wares.

For 47 years now, it has been all business at MANTS. That’s why over 11,000 attendees, representing over 3,600 buying companies and nearly 1,000 exhibiting companies, attended our most recent show. But when the work day is over, and it’s time to unwind and relax, Baltimore’s Inner Harbor offers an incomparable array of fine restaurants and attractions.

MANTS means business. In fact, some people say we were inspired.

www.mants.com

On-line Registration is available 24/7 beginning October 1.

P.O. Box 818 Brooklandville, MD 21022 410-296-6959 800-431-0066 fax 410-296-8288

@mantsbaltimore #mants

Upcoming Events September 15, 2016, VNLA Webinar: “Urban Nutrient Management Where We Are & Where We Are Headed” noon - 1 pm, www.vnla.org 1-800-476-0055

January 10, 2017, VNLA WINTER BOARD MEETING, Baltimore Convention Center, info@vnla.org 540-382-0943

November 17, 2016, VNLA Webinar: “Tried and True IPM Techniques that Improve your Nursery’s Bottom Line:” noon - 1 pm, www.vnla.org 1-800-476-0055

January 12, 2017, VIRGINIA NURSERY & LANDSCAPE ASSOCIATION (VNLA) ANNUAL BREAKFAST MEETING, Baltimore, MD, www.vnla.org info@vnla.org 540-382-0943

September 15 – 18, 2016, APLD International Landscape Design Conference, Santa Fe, New Mexico, https://www.apld.org/events/ October 3-4, 2016 MAC-ISA Annual Meeting, Erickson Alumni Center, Morgantown, WV, http://mac-isa.org/ October 12, 2016, LANDSCAPE CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION MD DC VA (LCA), Mini-Workshop, “20x20 Design Presentations”, John Hopkins University, Rockville, MD http://www.lcamddcva.org/ October 19, 2016, VNLA FALL BOARD MEETING, Williamsburg VA, info@vnla.org 540-382-0943 October 19-21, 2016, LANDSCAPES co-located with GIE+EXPO, Louisville, National Association of Landscape Professionals (NALP) www.landscapesconvention.org October 22-26, 2016, INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROPAGATORS’S SOCEITY – SOUTHERN REGION (IPPS) 41ST ANNUAL CONFERENCE, Virginia Beach, www.ipps.org , scplant@bellsouth.net 803-743-4284 November 3-4, 2016, Making Beauty Sustainable: The Charles F. Gillette Forum on Landscape Design, Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden, Richmond, www.lewisginter.org

January 17 - 20, 2017 MID-ATLANTIC HORTICULTURE SHORT COURSE (MAHSC) at the Founder's Inn, Virginia Beach, www.mahsc.org January 28 – February 2, 2017, MID-ATLANTIC TURFGRASS EXPO (M-A-T-E), Fredericksburg, VA, http://turfconference.org/ or vaturf@verizon.net February 15-17, 2017, CVNLA WINTER SYMPOSIUM & SHORT COURSE, Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden, Richmond www.cvnla.org info@cvnla.org February 28 – March 1, 2017, COME TO THE BAY, Virginia Turfgrass Council, Virginia Beach, vaturf@verizon.net, http://cometothebay.org

For a Current Calendar of all Green Industry Events, go: http://www.vnla.org/Calendar

NEW Interactive Calendar!

November 30- December 2, 2016, NEW ENGLAND GROWS Trade Show, Boston Convention & Exhibition Ctr, 508-653-3009, www.NewEnglandGROWS.org December 5-9, 2016 IRRIGATION SHOW & EDUCATION CONFERENCE, Las Vegas Convention Center

http://www.irrigation.org/IrrigationShow/

January 11-13, 2017, MANTS Trade Show, Baltimore, MD http://www.mants.com/

VNLA Newsletter 58

All of these events qualify for VNLA VCH CEUs July/August/September 2016 July / August / September 2016

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Prsrt. Std U.S. Postage PAID Blacksburg, VA Permit No. 107

Your Roots Are In Virginia!

383 Coal Hollow Rd. 383 Coal Hollow Rd. Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 Christiansburg, VA 24073-6721 CHANGE SERVICE REQUESTED

Keep growing.

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Whether you need to purchase real estate, build new houses, buy more equipment or need a revolving line of credit for plant stock, we have the financing you need.

Every business has growing pains. Give us a call and we’ll be sure your financing isn’t one of those.

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farmcredit.com

Phone: 434-842-8733 Fax: 434-842-3823 email: info@bremotrees.com www.Bremotrees.com Bremo Bluff, VA