Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
E X P O RTS TO _ via Houston-Galveston customs district
G LO B A L H O U S TO N $Value, Millions
Rank
Commodity
1
Cereals
2
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
3
Organic Chemicals
4
Industrial Equipment and Computers
5
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,193.8
1,508.3
21.4
26.3
799.5
1,260.4
17.9
57.7
1,133.2
16.1
11.0
767.5
1,003.9
14.3 April
Plastics and Plastic Products
376.3
641.0
9.1
70.3
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
202.2
257.5
3.7
27.4
7
Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit, Plant Seeds
109.6
193.9
2.8
76.9
8
Products made of Iron or Steel
174.0
133.7
1.9
-23.2
9
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
103.9
124.1
1.8
19.5
10
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
79.6
124.0
1.8
55.7
4,827.8
6,380.1
90.7
32.2
679.8
656.1
9.3
-3.5
5,507.5
7,036.2
100.0
27.8
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
i
1,021.3
Trade Profiles 30.8 2016
IMPORTS FROM _ via Houston-Galveston customs district $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
2,293.8
2,436.5
21.3
6.2
2
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
1,426.0
1,802.1
15.7
26.4
3
Products made of Iron or Steel
1,075.7
1,033.8
9.0
-3.9
4
Furniture, Bedding, Lamps
710.4
829.2
7.2
16.7
5
Toys, Games, and Sports Equipment
690.2
787.9
6.9
14.2
6
Footwear and Gaiters
765.6
553.4
4.8
-27.7
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
570.9
484.7
4.2
-15.1
8
Organic Chemicals
579.9
437.0
3.8
-24.6
9
Metals of Iron and Steel
400.6
274.0
2.4
-31.6
10
Linens, Needlecraft Sets, Worn Clothing
156.1
214.1
1.9
37.2
Total Top 10 Commodities
8,669.0
8,852.9
77.3
2.1
All Other Commodities
2,394.9
2,606.9
22.7
8.9
11,063.9
11,459.8
100.0
3.6
TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data i
This analysis was prepared by the Research Department of the Greater Houston Partnership: Josh Davis, Allegra Ellis, Patrick Jankowski, Roel Martinez, Feyisara Onadiji, Josh Pherigo, Jenny Philip and Gregory Wu.
Publication underwritten by:
An electronic version of this report can be found at www.houston.org/economy April 2016
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S 2 | Introduction 3 | Houston: Global City Highlights 6 | Map 8 | 2015 Trade Profiles 8 | China 10 | Mexico 12 | Brazil 14 | Germany 16 | The Netherlands 18 | Venezuela 20 | Colombia 22 | South Korea 24 | Saudi Arabia 26 | United Kingdom 48 | Houston Commodity Trade 52 | Houston Global Trade Partners 57 | Sources
28 | 30 | 32 | 34 | 36 | 38 | 40 | 42 | 44 | 46 |
Japan Belgium Canada Italy Russia India France Chile United Arab Emirates Ecuador
1
2
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
INTRODUCTION Houston’s top 20 trade partners represented 70.5 percent of Houston’s customs district traffic in ’15. This report examines those vital trade partnerships through a variety of lenses. First, a substantive list of rankings, statistics and graphic illustrations examine Houston’s global position as an international trade leader. Next, detailed profiles present each of Houston’s top 20 trade partners, highlighting commercial and cultural connections to Houston and identifying emerging export opportunities. Concluding the report, a comprehensive set of data tables provides an in-depth look at Houston’s global reach by listing the trade values for each of Houston’s 97 traded commodity groups and the region’s more than 200 international trade partners. In conducting analysis and compiling this report, Greater Houston Partnership Research incorporated information provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, WISERTrade, the U.S. Census Bureau, and other sources listed throughout.
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
H O US TO N : G LO B A L C I T Y H I G H L I G H TS INTERNATIONAL POPULATION Houstonians:
5th
nearly
1 4 in
5th
7 th
most populous metro
are foreign-born
4th
Top 3 Metro in the nation
91 countries
for the number of consular offices
have official government representation here
largest metro economy
in number of Hispanics
7 th
in number of Asians
in number of African Americans
GLOBAL BUSINESS HUB
3
in number of Fortune 500 headquarters
26 8 26
2015 Fortune 500 firms
rd
2015 Fortune Global 500 firms 2015 Forbes Global 2000 firms
International Finance Center
19
foreign banks from 9 nations
430
800
Houston firms report foreign ownership
Houston companies have offices abroad in 144 countries
HOUSTON TRADE 2015 imports
2015 exports
$86.2
$110.2
Billion
Billion
Houston total trade
$196.4 Billion
Houston-Galveston Customs District ranked as 7th busiest by dollar value
14
foreign governments maintain trade and commercial offices
32
active international chambers of commerce or trade associations
17 sister-city relationships promoting opportunities across the world
Africa 1 Asia 6 Australia 1 Europe 7 Americas 2
3
4
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
PORT OF HOUSTON: BUSIEST PORT IN TEX AS
15th
busiest in the world by tonnage
Largest Gulf Coast container port
1st
2nd
in U.S. import tonnage
in total tonnage in the U.S.
Economic Impact:
MORE THAN
more than
Approximately 100 steamship lines provide service between Houston and more than 1,000 global ports
8,000 ships visit annually
$250 billion annually
HOUSTON AIRPORT SYSTEM
2 International airports George Bush Intercontinental and William P. Hobby Airports
1 Space port Ellington Airport Launch Site License approved by FAA in 2015 Became a commercial spaceport in 2015
DOMESTIC
198 1
of only
nonstop destinations
5
cities in the world
connecting to all 6
inhabited continents. Other cities include Abu Dhabi, Doha, Dubai and Johannesburg.
2015 Passenger Volume
44.4 Million
55.1 Million
INTERNATIONAL
total passengers
10.7 Million
Scheduled and charter passenger and cargo carriers fly directly to approximately
124
Domestic destinations
74
International destinations
41
countries
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
TOP 20 TOTAL TRADE (IMPORTS AND EXPORTS) Houston’s 10 largest partners accounted for 50.1 percent of all trade in ’15 Houston’s top 20 partners accounted for 70.5 percent of trade in ’15.
China $18.5 Billion
Japan $4.9 Billion
Mexico $17.7 Billion
Belgium $4.8 Billion
Brazil $10.5 Billion
Canada $4.6 Billion
Germany $10.0 Billion
Italy $4.5 Billion
The Netherlands $8.4 Billion
Russia $4.0 Billion
Venezuela $7.9 Billion
India $3.9 Billion
Colombia $7.2 Billion
France $3.8 Billion
South Korea $6.5 Billion
Chile $3.3 Billion
Saudi Arabia $6.2 Billion
United Arab Emirates $3.2 Billion
United Kingdom $5.5 Billion
Ecuador $3.0 Billion
39 countries logged more than $1 billion in trade through the Houston-Galveston Customs District in 2015.
5
6
MAP
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
TOTAL GLOBAL TRADE - HOUSTON 2015
Imports to Houston
Exports from Houston
($ millions)
% of total
($ millions)
% of total
$86,168
100.0%
$110,259
100.0%
AMERICAS
$22,430
26.0%
$48,278
43.8%
EUROPE
$28,867
33.5%
$25,892
23.5%
ASIA
$25,361
29.4%
$19,758
17.9%
MIDDLE EAST
$7,240
8.4%
$9,224
8.4%
AFRICA
$2,267
2.6%
$7,104
6.4%
Global 2015 Trade GLOBAL Total
AMERICAS - HOUSTON TRADE 2015
Region Rank
Sub-Region Houston Trade Partner
Imports to Houston
Exports from Houston
($ millions)
% of total
($ millions)
% of total
2015
AMERICAS Total
$22,430
26.0%
$48,278
43.8%
1
South America
$12,243
14.2%
$25,774
23.4%
4
North America
$7,857
9.1%
$14,424
13.1%
8
Central America
$1,144
1.3%
$5,102
4.6%
12
Caribbean America
$1,184
1.4%
$2,976
2.7%
AFRICA - HOUSTON TRADE 2015
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau Foreign Trade Division data
Region Rank
Sub-Region Houston Trade Partner
($ millions)
% of total
($ millions)
% of total
2015
AFRICA Total
$2,267
2.6%
$7,104
6.4%
13
Northern Africa
$1,049
1.2%
$2,282
2.1%
14
Western Africa
$320
0.4%
$2,781
2.5%
18
Southern Africa
$822
1.0%
$1,611
1.5%
20
Eastern Africa
$73
0.1%
$336
0.3%
23
Central Africa
$2
0.0%
$92
0.1%
Imports to Houston
Exports from Houston
7
EUROPE - HOUSTON TRADE 2015
Region Rank
Sub-Region Houston Trade Partner
($ millions)
% of total
($ millions)
% of total
2015
EUROPE Total
$28,867
33.5%
$25,892
23.5%
3
Western Europe
$7,809
9.1%
$15,739
14.3%
6
Central Europe
$10,142
11.8%
$3,277
3.0%
9
Southern Europe
$3,136
3.6%
$1,702
1.6%
11
Eastern Europe
$3,148
3.7%
$1,211
1.1%
15
Northern Europe
$1,858
2.2%
$1,163
1.1%
16
Southeastern Europe
$1,491
1.7%
$1,429
1.3%
17
Southwestern Europe
$1,281
1.5%
$1,369
1.2%
Imports to Houston
Exports from Houston
ASIA - HOUSTON TRADE 2015
Region Rank
Sub-Region Houston Trade Partner
2015
Imports to Houston
Exports from Houston
($ millions)
% of total
($ millions)
% of total
ASIA Total
$25,361
29.4%
$19,758
17.9%
2
Eastern Asia
$18,813
21.8%
$12,788
11.6%
7
Southeastern Asia
$2,865
3.3%
$3,712
3.4%
10
Southern Asia
$2,792
3.2%
$1,673
1.5%
19
Oceania
$682
0.8%
$1,135
1.0%
21
Central Asia
$184
0.2%
$220
0.2%
22
Southwestern Asia
$23
0.1%
$228
0.2%
MIDDLE EAST - HOUSTON TRADE 2015
Region Rank
Sub-Region Houston Trade Partner
Imports to Houston
Exports from Houston
($ millions)
% of total
($ millions)
% of total
2015
MIDDLE EAST Total
$7,240
8.4%
$9,224
8.4%
5
Middle East
$7,240
8.4%
$9,224
8.4%
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
2015 TR A D E PRO FI LES
CHINA HOUSTON’S # 1 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 China overtook Mexico as Houston’s leading trading partner last year. The Asian nation’s $18.5 billion in trade (imports plus exports) accounted for 9.4 percent of all traffic through the Houston-Galveston Customs District in ’15. The U.S. and China are currently negotiating a Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), which when eventually ratified, will create new opportunities for Houston firms seeking to do business in China. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, the best opportunities for exporting to China include agricultural, industrial, marine, mining and transportation equipment, environmental and renewable energy technologies, and crude oil and natural gas.
CHINA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$11.4 Trillion 6.8%
1,367,485,388 0.5%
$2.3 Trillion
$1.6 Trillion
Electrical and other machinery, circuits, cell phones, textiles
Oil and mineral fuels, medical equipment, motor vehicles
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 10 Chinese firms operate 10 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 39 Houston firms have 105 subsidiaries in China.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and China
• Houston firms with major operations in China include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping, Cameron International, Dresser-Rand, Foster Wheeler, National Oilwell Varco, and Schlumberger.
• Air China offers nonstop flights between Houston and Beijing.
TRADE Houston-China trade has more than tripled since ’05. Despite a downturn in the price of crude oil, Houston exports of refined products including butane, naptha, and propane to China increased 57.7 percent by value from ’14 to ’15. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with China increased at a compound annual growth rate of 12.0 percent.
Exports
18 16
• Chinese firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO), Crown Worldwide, MCY Group, Shanghai Baosteel Group, and Sincochem. • The Consulate General of the People’s Republic of China and the U.S.-China Federal Association of Business facilitate trade and other relationships in Houston.
Imports
20
14 12 $ Billions
8
10 8 6 4 2 0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
9
E X P O RTS TO C H I N A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Cereals
2
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
3
Organic Chemicals
4
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,193.8
1,508.3
21.4
26.3
799.5
1,260.4
17.9
57.7
1,021.3
1,133.2
16.1
11.0
Industrial Equipment and Computers
767.5
1,003.9
14.3
30.8
5
Plastics and Plastic Products
376.3
641.0
9.1
70.3
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
202.2
257.5
3.7
27.4
7
Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit, Plant Seeds
109.6
193.9
2.8
76.9
8
Articles of Iron or Steel
174.0
133.7
1.9
-23.2
9
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
103.9
124.1
1.8
19.5
10
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
79.6
124.0
1.8
55.7
4,827.8
6,380.1
90.7
32.2
679.8
656.1
9.3
-3.5
5,507.5
7,036.2
100.0
27.8
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM CHINA via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
2,293.8
2,436.5
21.3
6.2
2
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
1,426.0
1,802.1
15.7
26.4
3
Articles of Iron or Steel
1,075.7
1,033.8
9.0
-3.9
4
Furniture, Bedding, Lamps
710.4
829.2
7.2
16.7
5
Toys, Games, and Sports Equipment
690.2
787.9
6.9
14.2
6
Footwear and Gaiters
765.6
553.4
4.8
-27.7
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
570.9
484.7
4.2
-15.1
8
Organic Chemicals
579.9
437.0
3.8
-24.6
9
Iron and Steel
400.6
274.0
2.4
-31.6
10
Linens, Needlecraft Sets, Worn Clothing
156.1
214.1
1.9
37.2
Total Top 10 Commodities
8,669.0
8,852.9
77.3
2.1
All Other Commodities
2,394.9
2,606.9
22.7
8.9
11,063.9
11,459.8
100.0
3.6
TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 9
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
MEXICO HOUSTON'S #2 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Mexico has been Houston’s leading trade partner 19 out of the past 20 years. The recent drop reflects a fall in the value of crude and refined products, not a decrease in activity. Mexico still ranks as Houston’s top trading partner in terms of tonnage, accounting for 16.9 percent of all shipments (by weight) passing though the Houston-Galveston Customs District. The U.S. and Mexico are among a dozen countries negotiating the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement, which when ratified, will increase trade and investment opportunities for Houston firms. The U.S. Department of Commerce notes that Mexico is a prime market for U.S. exports of auto parts, communications equipment, construction materials, environmental technologies, oil field machinery, plastics and resins, and transportation equipment.
MEXICO SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$1.2 Trillion 2.3%
121,736,809 1.2%
$430.9 Billion
$434.8 Billion
Oil and oil products, manufactured goods, silver, coffee
Metalworking machines, electrical equipment, aircraft parts
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 19 Mexican firms operate 20 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 33 Houston firms have 121 subsidiary locations in Mexico.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Mexico
• Houston firms with major operations in Mexico include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International Corporation, FMC Technologies, Halliburton, National Oilwell Varco, and Schlumberger.
25
• Of the 19 foreign banks in Houston, two are from Mexico: BBVA Bancomer and Banamex.
• Aeromexico, Aeroenlaces Nacionales S.A. de C.V. dba VivaAerobus, Concesionaria Vuela Compania de SA de CV (Volaris), InterJet, Southwest Airlines, Spirit Airlines and United Airlines offer 64 nonstop flights between Houston and multiple cities in Mexico.
TRADE
Mexico was Houston’s top trade partner in both value and volume since ’98. In ’15, China overtook Mexico. A fall in the value of mineral fuels, oil, refined products and organic chemicals resulted in a dip in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15 Houston trade with Mexico increased at a compound annual growth rate of 1.3 percent.
Exports
30
• Mexican firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Aeromexico, Cemex, Gunler, and Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX).
• Trade and other relationships with Mexico are facilitated in Houston through the Consulate General of Mexico, the Mexico Tourism Board, the Trade Commission of Mexico – Bancomext, ProMexico and the U.S. – Mexico Chamber of Commerce.
Imports
35
20 $ Billions
10
15
10
5
0 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
11
E X P O RTS TO M E X I CO via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil and Refined Products
7,500.7
6,662.7
66.2
-11.2
2
Organic Chemicals
3,511.9
2,492.9
24.8
-29.0
3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
551.7
302.1
3.0
-45.2
4
Cereals
214.6
188.5
1.9
-12.2
5
Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts
127.3
53.5
0.5
-57.9
6
Ships, Boats and Floating Structures
7.2
52.1
0.5
628.2
7
Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar
60.2
51.8
0.5
-13.9
8
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earth, Precious Metals
46.4
44.8
0.4
-3.5
9
Aircraft, Spacecraft and Parts Thereof
57.9
38.3
0.4
-33.9
10
Animal or Vegetable Fats, Oils, Waxes
35.9
37.1
0.4
3.2
12,113.8
9,923.8
98.6
-18.1
209.9
144.2
1.4
-31.4
12,323.7
10,068.0
100.0
-18.3
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM ME XICO via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
15,088.4
6,445.0
85.0
-57.3
Articles of Iron or Steel
633.8
556.4
7.3
-12.2
3
Organic Chemicals
224.7
151.4
2.0
-32.6
4
Iron and Steel
133.6
76.9
1.0
-42.4
5
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
56.9
75.7
1.0
32.9
6
Motor Vehicles and Parts
78.4
65.4
0.9
-16.6
7
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
10.8
63.2
0.8
484.6
8
Non-Knitted Apparel and Accessories
20.7
33.5
0.4
61.9
9
Salt, Sulfur, Stone, Lime, and Cement Plaster
36.4
32.3
0.4
-11.2
10
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
16.7
21.4
0.3
28.5
16,300.3
7,521.2
99.2
-53.9
90.7
63.3
0.8
-30.3
16,391.1
7,584.5
100.0
-53.7
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 11
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
BRAZIL HOUSTON’S #3 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Brazil emerged as a major Houston trading partner in the late ’00s. Houston-Brazil trade topped $10.5 billion in ’15, or 5.3 percent of total Houston-Galveston Customs District traffic. That’s down from $15.6 billion in ’14, a drop mainly the result of lower crude prices. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified Brazil as a top market for U.S. agricultural products, environmental technology, information technology products, oil field equipment, renewable energy products, and transportation equipment.
BRAZIL SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$1.8 Trillion -3.0%
204,259,812 0.8%
$189.1 Billion
$174.2 Billion
Transportation equipment, iron ore, soybeans, footwear, coffee
Machinery, electrical and transportation equipment, oil automotive parts, electronics
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • Nine Brazilian firms operate 13 subsidiary locations in the Houston area, 37 Houston firms operate 94 subsidiary locations in Brazil.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Brazil
• Houston firms with major operations in Brazil include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), BMC Software, Cameron International Corporation, Group 1 Automotive, and National Oilwell Varco.
• United Airlines offers twice daily nonstop flights from Houston to Sao Paulo and Rio De Janiero.
TRADE Houston-Brazil trade has more than doubled since ’05. A fall in the value of trade in mineral fuel, oils and waxes, industrial machinery, and cereals led to a dip in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15, trade between Houston and Brazil increased at a compound annual growth rate of 7.9 percent.
Exports
14
12
• Brazilian firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Braskem, HRT Participações em Petróleo, Papaiz Industria E Comercia, Petrobras, and Votorantim Group. • The Consulate General of the Federative Republic of Brazil and the Brazil-Texas Chamber of Commerce facilitate Houston-Brazil trade and other relationships.
Imports
16
10 $ Billions
12
8
6
4
2
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
13
E X P O RTS TO B R A ZI L via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
4,180.3
2,108.9
32.8
-49.6
2
Industrial Equipment and Computers
1,420.1
952.0
14.8
-33.0
3
Organic Chemicals
1,144.7
849.4
13.2
-25.8
4
Plastics and Plastic Products
884.8
767.8
11.9
-13.2
5
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
229.2
223.2
3.5
-2.6
6
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
204.9
211.9
3.3
3.5
7
Motor Vehicles and Parts
341.2
181.5
2.8
-46.8
8
Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar
210.8
172.7
2.7
-18.0
9
Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts
215.3
147.0
2.3
-31.7
10
Rubber and Rubber Products
174.9
115.2
1.8
-34.2
Total Top 10 Commodities
9,006.3
5,729.6
89.1
-36.4
All Other Commodities
1,308.4
700.1
10.9
-46.5
10,314.7
6,429.7
100.0
-37.7
TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM BRAZIL via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
2,160.7
1,341.5
33.1
-37.9
Industrial Equipment and Computers
537.8
388.6
9.6
-27.8
3
Organic Chemicals
587.9
386.1
9.5
-34.3
4
Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar
353.7
346.4
8.5
-2.1
5
Products of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica
158.8
163.6
4.0
3.0
6
Wood and Wood Products
140.3
150.8
3.7
7.5
7
Articles of Iron or Steel
139.6
148.2
3.7
6.2
8
Motor Vehicles and Parts
124.4
135.5
3.3
9.0
9
Iron and Steel
140.3
115.1
2.8
-17.9
10
Coffee, Tea, Spices
91.6
105.8
2.6
15.5
4,435.1
3,281.6
80.9
-26.0
928.4
772.8
19.1
-16.8
5,363.5
4,054.5
100.0
-24.4
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 13
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
GERMANY HOUSTON’S #4 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Germany has ranked among Houston’s top ten trading partners for the past 20 years. The nation’s $10.0 billion in trade (imports plus exports) accounted for 5.1 percent of all traffic through the Houston-Galveston Customs District in ’15. The country also has the largest consumer market in Europe and its economy accounts for one-fifth of the European Union’s annual GDP. The U.S., Germany and other European Union economies are in negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) agreement, which when ratified will create new export and investment opportunities for Houston firms. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified advanced materials manufacturing, agricultural equipment, aerospace, computer software, cybersecurity, and health information technology as opportunities for U.S. exports to Germany.
GERMANY SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$3.4 Trillion 1.5%
80,854,408 - 0.2%
$1.3 Trillion
$983.9 Billion
Motor vehicles, machinery, chemicals, electrical equipment
Machinery, data processing equipment, oil and gas
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 76 German firms operate 125 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 18 Houston firms have 31 subsidiaries in Germany.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and Germany
8
• German firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: BASF, Bauer Manufacturing, Bayer AG, Deutsche Bank, Freudenberg Group, Hoyer GmbH, and Linde Group.
6
• Lufthansa and United Airlines offer nonstop flights between Houston and Frankfurt, Germany, with United also offering nonstop service to Munich.
4
TRADE
2
Houston-Germany trade has nearly doubled since ’05. Trade between Houston and Germany increased 1.2 percent in ’15, largely due to an increase in the value of trade in aircraft parts and pharmaceutical exports to Germany. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with Germany increased at a compound annual growth rate of 5.9 percent.
Exports
10
• Houston firms with major operations in Germany include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International Corporation, and ConocoPhillips Company.
• The Consulate General of the Federal Republic of Germany and the German American Chamber of Commerce of the Southern United States, facilitate trade and other relationships between Houston and Germany.
Imports
$ Billions
14
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
15
E X P O RTS TO G ER M A N Y via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Pharmaceutical Products
394.0
497.9
20.6
26.4
2
Industrial Equipment and Computers
293.8
292.0
12.1
-0.6
3
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
138.4
272.1
11.3
96.6
4
Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts
221.6
240.8
10.0
8.7
5
Organic Chemicals
219.7
199.7
8.3
-9.1
6
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
134.9
118.3
4.9
-12.3
7
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
86.8
104.9
4.3
20.8
8
Plastics and Plastic Products
113.3
98.4
4.1
-13.1
9
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
95.9
85.4
3.5
-11.0
10
Motor Vehicles and Parts
110.2
83.2
3.4
-24.5
1,808.6
1,992.6
82.5
10.2
409.2
423.2
17.5
3.4
2,217.8
2,415.8
100.0
8.9
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM GERMANY via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Motor Vehicles and Parts
2,500.6
2,749.8
36.1
10.0
2
Industrial Equipment and Computers
1,810.3
1,932.8
25.4
6.8
3
Articles of Iron or Steel
706.4
528.8
6.9
-25.1
4
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
292.9
319.8
4.2
9.2
5
Organic Chemicals
510.1
317.4
4.2
-37.8
6
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
262.8
269.8
3.5
2.7
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
224.8
188.1
2.5
-16.3
8
Iron and Steel
167.7
146.2
1.9
-12.8
9
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
173.0
128.5
1.7
-25.7
10
Precious Stones, Metals, Coins, Pearls
132.6
115.5
1.5
-12.8
6,781.1
6,696.8
87.8
-1.2
922.0
927.0
12.2
0.5
7,703.2
7,623.7
100.0
-1.0
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 15
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
THE NETHERLANDS HOUSTON’S #5 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The Netherlands is home to Rotterdam, Europe’s largest port, making it a strategically important hub for the world’s shipping industry and a logical partner for Houston-The Netherlands trade. High population density and strong per capita income also make The Netherlands an attractive market for consumer goods. The U.S., The Netherlands and other European Union economies are in negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) agreement, which aims to further open EU markets to the U.S. The Netherlands is a prime market for U.S. agricultural exports, aerospace equipment, computer and communications equipment, cybersecurity services, health information technology, oil field equipment, and renewable energy services.
THE NETHERL ANDS SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$750.8 Billion 18%
16,947,904 0.4%
$488.3 Billion
$404.6 Billion
Machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs, clothing
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 35 Dutch firms operate 82 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 23 Houston firms operate 41 subsidiaries in The Netherlands.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and The Netherlands
• Houston firms with major operations in The Netherlands include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International, Crane Worldwide Logistics, FMC Technologies, National Oilwell Varco, and Schlumberger.
8
6
• KLM Royal Dutch Airlines and United Airlines offer twice daily nonstop air service between Houston and Amsterdam.
4
TRADE
2
Houston-The Netherlands trade has more than doubled since ’05. A fall in the value of trade in petroleum products resulted in a drop in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15, trade between Houston and the The Netherlands increased at a compound annual growth rate of 7.2 percent.
Exports
10
• Dutch firms with major operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: AkzoNobel, Chicago Bridge & Iron, Dockwise, LyondellBasell, Pelican Worldwide, and Royal Dutch Shell. • The Consulate General of the Kingdom of the The Netherlands and the The Netherlands Business Support Office (NBSO-Texas) facilitate Dutch trade and other relationships in Houston.
Imports
12
$ Billions
16
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
17
E X P O RTS TO T H E T H E N E T H ER L A N DS via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
3
Organic Chemicals
4
Industrial Equipment and Computers
5
Motor Vehicles and Parts
6
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
2,959.1
2,257.9
33.0
-23.7
764.1
979.9
14.3
28.2
1,278.7
888.5
13.0
-30.5
466.2
529.6
7.7
13.6
34.2
482.6
7.0
1310.8
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
204.3
206.4
3.0
1.0
7
Ores, Slag and Ash
203.3
187.3
2.7
-7.9
8
Plastics and Plastic Products
195.9
185.2
2.7
-5.5
9
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
181.9
165.0
2.4
-9.3
10
Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar
133.7
144.2
2.1
7.9
6,421.3
6,026.6
87.9
-6.1
693.6
825.8
12.1
19.1
7,114.9
6,852.4
100.0
-3.7
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM THE THE NETHERL ANDS via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
491.8
359.4
23.5
-26.9
2
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
308.5
305.6
20.0
-0.9
3
Organic Chemicals
358.3
252.3
16.5
-29.6
4
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
96.9
119.0
7.8
22.8
5
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
117.0
103.8
6.8
-11.3
6
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
58.5
59.9
3.9
2.3
7
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
48.5
55.7
3.6
14.8
8
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
60.5
55.7
3.6
-8.0
9
Iron and Steel
55.6
37.7
2.5
-32.2
10
Plastics and Plastic Products
43.3
35.1
2.3
-18.9
1,638.9
1,384.1
90.5
-15.5
143.2
145.1
9.5
1.4
1,782.1
1,529.3
100.0
-14.2
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 17
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
VENEZUELA HOUSTON’S #6 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S. is Venezuela’s largest trading partner, receiving 45 percent of the country’s exports, primarily petroleum products, and providing 29 percent of its imports. The U.S. Department of Commerce reports that Venezuela is a prime market for U.S. auto parts, electrical power systems, commercial and industrial machinery, and oil field equipment.
VENEZUEL A SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$131.9 Billion -10.0%
29,275,460 1.4%
$47.5 Billion
$33.4 Billion
Petroleum and petroleum products, bauxite, aluminum
Agricultural products, livestock, raw materials
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • Three Venezuelan firms operate five subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 18 Houston firms have 50 subsidiary locations in Venezuela.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and Venezuela
20
• Venezuelan firms with operations in Houston include Mercantil Servicios Financieros, OTEPI, and Petroleos de Venezuela.
• United Airlines offers nonstop flights between Houston and Caracas four times a week.
Exports
25
• Houston firms with major operations in Venezuela include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International Corporation, Dresser-Rand, FMC Technologies, Halliburton, National Oilwell Varco, Schlumberger, The Brock Group, and TIW Corporation.
• The Consulate General of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela facilitates trade in Houston.
Imports
15 $ Billions
18
10
TRADE Houston-Venezuela trade value has significantly fallen from its historic levels due to steep declines in the value of petroleum imports from Venezuela. Annual trade between the two countries fell 38.5 percent, from $12.8 billion in ’14 to $7.9 billion in ’15.
5
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
19
E X P O RTS TO V EN E ZU EL A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,665.6
1,686.9
44.0
1.3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
847.3
714.0
18.6
-15.7
3
Organic Chemicals
488.4
464.9
12.1
-4.8
4
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
261.8
185.0
4.8
-29.4
5
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
108.9
149.4
3.9
37.2
6
Articles of Iron or Steel
225.3
133.5
3.5
-40.7
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
125.9
103.3
2.7
-18.0
8
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
46.4
57.5
1.5
24.0
9
Cereals
141.6
46.5
1.2
-67.2
10
Motor Vehicles and Parts
41.8
43.6
1.1
4.3
3,952.9
3,584.6
93.6
-9.3
283.6
247.0
6.4
-12.9
4,236.5
3,831.6
100.0
-9.6
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM VENEZUEL A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
Organic Chemicals
3
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
8,361.1
3,936.1
96.6
-52.9
198.1
80.4
2.0
-59.4
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
15.8
25.9
0.6
64.7
4
Fertilizers
10.3
9.2
0.2
-9.9
5
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
7.0
5.6
0.1
-19.5
6
Iron and Steel
0.0
4.0
0.1
–
7
Precious Stones, Metals, Coins, Pearls
2.0
4.0
0.1
96.6
8
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
15.0
1.8
0.0
-87.8
9
Lead and Lead Products
0.2
1.8
0.0
1,010.0
10
Industrial Equipment and Computers
1.6
1.4
0.0
-11.3
8,611.0
4,070.4
99.9
-52.7
6.6
3.7
0.1
-43.6
8,617.6
4,074.1
100.0
-52.7
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 19
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
C O LO M B I A HOUSTON’S #7 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Since implementation of the U.S.-Colombia Free Trade Agreement in ’12, import tariffs on 80 percent of U.S. exports have been eliminated. As a result, U.S. exports to Colombia have increased more than 30 percent. Colombia’s government encourages Public Private Partnerships (PPP) with American firms to help develop the country’s public infrastructure. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, the best opportunities for exporting to Colombia include construction equipment, energy exploration services, logistics support, pollution control equipment, and public works subcontracting.
COLOMBIA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$274.2 Billion 2.5%
46,738,728 1.0%
$48.5 Billion
$56.1 Billion
Petroleum, coal, emeralds, coffee
Industrial equipment, transportation equipment, consumer goods
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • At least one Colombian firm operates a subsidiary location in the Houston area; 15 Houston firms operate 35 subsidiary locations in Colombia.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and Colombia
Imports
Exports
12
• Houston firms with operations in Colombia include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International, Chevron Phillips Chemical, Dresser-Rand, Exterran Holdings, FMC Technologies, Foster Wheeler USA, Halliburton, Nalco Champion, National Oilwell Varco, Parker Drilling, Schlumberger, and The Brock Group.
10
8
• The Colombian firm, Cementos Argos, operates a subsidiary in Houston—Southern Star Concrete. • The Consulate General of the Republic of Colombia and the Colombia-Texas Chamber of Commerce facilitate trade and other relationships in Houston. • United Airlines offers twice daily nonstop flights between Houston and Bogota.
$ Billions
20
6
4
TRADE Houston-Colombia trade has more than doubled since ’05. A fall in the value of refined products and organic chemical shipments resulted in a moderate dip in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with Colombia increased at a compound annual growth rate of 16.4 percent.
2
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
21
E X P O RTS TO CO LO M B I A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
3,893.7
3,084.8
61.0
-20.8
Organic Chemicals
715.9
628.4
12.4
-12.2
3
Plastics and Plastic Products
437.8
414.8
8.2
-5.3
4
Industrial Equipment and Computers
539.2
314.4
6.2
-41.7
5
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
201.9
146.6
2.9
-27.4
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
150.1
73.6
1.5
-51.0
7
Articles of Iron or Steel
138.8
67.7
1.3
-51.2
8
Cereals
76.3
39.9
0.8
-47.7
9
Fertilizers
24.0
29.9
0.6
24.9
10
Motor Vehicles and Parts
95.2
28.3
0.6
-70.3
6,272.9
4,828.4
95.5
-23.0
300.8
228.0
4.5
-24.2
6,573.7
5,056.4
100.0
-23.1
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
I M P O RTS F RO M CO LO M B I A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
3,836.9
1,796.7
83.8
-53.2
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
74.7
83.5
3.9
11.7
3
Coffee, Tea, Spices
83.4
78.5
3.7
-5.8
4
Organic Chemicals
39.4
39.7
1.8
0.8
5
Articles of Iron or Steel
40.0
28.2
1.3
-29.5
6
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
17.5
22.5
1.0
28.7
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
24.0
17.2
0.8
-28.2
8
Edible Fruit and Nuts
18.0
16.0
0.7
-11.0
9
Sugars and Sugar Products
6.8
9.7
0.5
42.5
10
Glass and Glassware
3.8
6.7
0.3
73.2
4,144.5
2,098.6
97.8
-49.4
63.6
46.4
2.2
-27.0
4,208.0
2,145.1
100.0
-49.0
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 21
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
S O U T H KO R E A HOUSTON’S #8 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S. and the Republic of Korea implemented the Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS) in March ’12; South Korea entered the ranks of Houston’s top ten trading partners the following year. KORUS is the U.S.’s largest free trade agreement since the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement. The treaty is expected to increase U.S. exports to Korea by $10 to $12 billion over the next few years. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified biotechnology, energy, environmental technology, industrial chemicals, medical devices, nanotechnology, and pharmaceuticals as prime opportunities for U.S. exports to South Korea.
SOUTH KOREA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$1.4 Trillion 2.7%
49,115,196 0.1%
$535.5 Billion
$430.8 Billion
Semiconductors, petrochemicals, automobile/auto parts
Crude oil/petroleum products, semiconductors, natural gas
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 13 South Korean firms operate 15 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; eight Houston firms have 27 subsidiary locations in South Korea.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and South Korea
• Houston firms with operations in South Korea include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), BMC Software, Cameron Compression Systems, Cameron International Corporation, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, Foster Wheeler USA, National Oilwell Varco, and Petroleum Analyzer Company. • South Korean firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Atinum Partners, GS Engineering & Construction, Hanjin Shipping, Hynix Semiconductor, Hyundai, ILSUNG, LG Electronics, Nexteel, RNL BIO, Samsung Group, SeAH Steel, and SK Networks. • The Consulate General of the Republic of Korea and Korean-American Chamber of Commerce Houston facilitate trade and other relationships in Houston. • Korean Airlines offers daily nonstop flights per week between Houston and Seoul.
TRADE Houston-Korea trade has nearly doubled since ’05, from $3.3 billion in ’05 to $6.5 billion in ’15, increasing at a compound annual growth rate of 7.1 percent. The main contributors to the decline in Houston-Korea trade in ’15 was the fall in the value of trade in organic chemicals, industrial machinery, and iron and steel products.
Imports
Exports
9 8 7 6
$ Billions
22
5 4 3 2 1 0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
23
E X P O RTS TO SO U T H KO R E A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Organic Chemicals
1,205.0
945.3
32.2
-21.6
2
Industrial Equipment and Computers
1,192.6
830.1
28.3
-30.4
3
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
666.5
321.0
10.9
-51.8
4
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
87.3
175.9
6.0
101.5
5
Plastics and Plastic Products
136.8
171.0
5.8
25.0
6
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
127.1
127.0
4.3
0.0
7
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
70.4
107.3
3.7
52.5
8
Articles of Iron or Steel
105.6
88.0
3.0
-16.7
9
Meat and Edible Meat Products
2.8
29.2
1.0
938.4
10
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
1.6
20.6
0.7
1181.1
3,595.6
2,815.5
95.9
-21.7
142.9
119.6
4.1
-16.3
3,738.5
2,935.0
100.0
-21.5
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
I M P O RTS F RO M SO U T H KO R E A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Articles of Iron or Steel
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
2,073.5
1,248.7
34.6
-39.8
Industrial Equipment and Computers
351.6
607.7
16.8
72.9
3
Organic Chemicals
889.1
541.5
15.0
-39.1
4
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
577.1
335.7
9.3
-41.8
5
Iron and Steel
269.3
308.9
8.6
14.7
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
108.7
160.7
4.5
47.8
7
Motor Vehicles and Parts
59.9
141.0
3.9
135.3
8
Plastics and Plastic Products
49.8
61.0
1.7
22.5
9
Paper and Paperboard Articles
59.7
40.1
1.1
-32.8
10
Rubber and Rubber Products
56.1
38.5
1.1
-31.3
4,494.7
3,484.0
96.5
-22.5
127.9
124.8
3.5
-2.4
4,622.6
3,608.8
100.0
-21.9
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 23
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
SAUDI ARABIA HOUSTON’S #9 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 In September ’15, Saudi Arabia announced a “U.S.-Saudi Strategic Partnership for the 21st Century,” laying out major new projects over the next decade relying mostly on U.S. expertise, solutions, and other constructive partnerships. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified engineering technology and services, environmental technology, health technologies, industrial and construction equipment, marine technology, renewable energy, and smart grid technology as prime opportunities for U.S. exports to the kingdom.
SAUDI ARABIA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$632.1 Billion 3.4%
27,752,316 1.5%
$222.6 Billion
$160.0 Billion
Petroleum and petroleum products
Machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • Seven Saudi firms operate 11 subsidiary locations in the Houston area. 21 Houston firms have 33 subsidiary locations in Saudi Arabia.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and Saudi Arabia
• Houston firms with major operations in Saudi Arabia include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International, Chevron Phillips, FMC Technologies, Halliburton, and Schlumberger.
Exports
14
• Saudi firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: ATCO, Rezayat Group, Riyad Bank, Saudi Aramco, Saudi Basic Industries, and Zamil Group Holding Company.
12
• Of the 19 foreign banks in Houston, one is from Saudi Arabia: Riyad Bank • Trade and other relationships with Saudi Arabia in Houston are facilitated by the Consulate General of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Imports
16
10 $ Billions
24
8
TRADE
6
Houston-Saudi trade has grown more than 12.2 percent since ’05. A fall in the value of the price of oil resulted in the value of Houston–Saudi total trade nearly halving from ’14 to ’15.
4
2
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
25
E X P O RTS TO S AU D I A R A B I A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,275.2
1,187.5
35.0
-6.9
Motor Vehicles and Parts
324.7
1,052.4
31.0
224.1
3
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
215.1
162.0
4.8
-24.7
4
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
161.0
160.5
4.7
-0.3
5
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
275.1
158.0
4.7
-42.6
6
Plastics and Plastic Products
104.0
106.5
3.1
2.4
7
Articles of Iron or Steel
122.7
88.7
2.6
-27.7
8
Cereals
60.6
59.5
1.8
-1.9
9
Organic Chemicals
57.2
58.5
1.7
2.1
10
Metal Tools, Implements, Cutlery
63.7
52.5
1.5
-17.6
2,659.4
3,086.1
91.0
16.0
489.6
303.5
9.0
-38.0
3,149.0
3,389.6
100.0
7.6
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM SAUDI AR ABIA via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
Organic Chemicals
3
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
7,588.2
2,592.0
91.6
-65.8
104.5
86.5
3.1
-17.2
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
16.1
62.5
2.2
287.4
4
Articles of Iron or Steel
69.9
61.6
2.2
-11.9
5
Fertilizers
0.0
11.2
0.4
N/A
6
Aluminum and Aluminum Products
4.7
8.8
0.3
88.0
7
Iron and Steel
2.0
1.8
0.1
-6.2
8
Tanning Extracts, Dyes, Paints, Inks
0.0
1.5
0.1
–
9
Products of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica
1.0
0.6
0.0
-37.9
10
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
1.0
0.5
0.0
-46.3
7,787.3
2,826.9
99.9
-63.7
3.3
1.6
0.1
-49.6
7,790.6
2,828.6
100.0
-63.7
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 25
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
UNITED KINGDOM HOUSTON’S # 10 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Over 7,500 U.S. firms have a presence in the U.K., which is also a prime location in Europe for U.S. regional headquarters covering Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The U.K. market is highly diversified and is the second largest market in the world for U.S. service exports. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified the U.K. as a prime market for U.S. exports of agriculture equipment, cloud computing, medical equipment, and nuclear power technologies.
UNITED KINGDOM SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$2.9 Trillion 2.5%
64,088,222 0.5%
$442.0 Billion
$617.1 Billion
Manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals, food, tobacco, beverages
Manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, foodstuffs
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 146 U.K. firms operate 244 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 64 Houston firms have 197 subsidiary locations throughout the United Kingdom.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and United Kingdom
• Houston firms with significant operations in the U.K. include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of shipping (ABS), BMC Software, ConocoPhillips, KBR, Noble Energy, and Oceaneering International.
• The Consulate General of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British-American Business Council facilitate trade and other relationships in Houston.
Exports
7
6
• U.K. firms with major operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: BP, Direct Energy, EV Offshore, Intertek, Mustang Engineering and Lloyds Register. • Of the 19 foreign banks represented in Houston, two are from the U.K.: Bank of Scotland PLC and Standard Chartered Bank.
Imports
8
5 $ Billions
26
4
3
• British Airways and United Airlines offer 5 daily nonstop flights from Houston to the United Kingdom.
2
TRADE
1
Trade between Houston and the U.K. has declined since ’05. A decrease in the value of trade in mineral fuels and oil and industrial machinery accounted for the majority of the decline. From ’05 to ’15 trade between Houston and the U.K. has decreased slightly.
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
27
E X P O RTS TO T H E U N I T ED K I N G D O M via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes
892.1
887.0
30.2
-0.6
2
Industrial Machinery, Computers
825.3
748.3
25.5
-9.3
3
Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts
211.1
235.6
8.0
11.6
4
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical and Surgical Instruments
187.6
136.0
4.6
-27.7
5
Aircraft, Spacecraft and Parts Thereof
151.1
110.3
3.8
-27.0
6
Plastics and Plastic Articles
79.1
90.0
3.1
13.8
7
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
93.5
73.5
2.5
-21.4
8
Organic Chemicals
76.3
68.6
2.3
-10.1
9
Articles of Iron or Steel
87.6
68.5
2.3
-21.8
10
Essential Oils, Perfumery, Cosmetic Preps
76.4
62.6
2.1
-18.0
2,680.0
2,479.8
84.5
-7.5
607.9
453.3
15.5
-25.6
3,287.9
2,933.0
100.0
-10.8
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Machinery and Computers
830.2
689.5
27.3
-16.9
2
Motor Vehicles and Parts
269.4
287.3
11.4
6.6
3
Articles of Iron or Steel
144.8
168.5
6.7
16.3
4
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical and Surgical Instruments
170.9
166.2
6.6
-2.8
5
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment and Parts
174.8
165.8
6.6
-5.1
6
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
116.8
146.8
5.8
25.7
7
Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes
430.9
132.8
5.3
-69.1
8
Organic Chemicals
167.6
124.5
4.9
-25.7
9
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
90.2
112.4
4.5
24.7
10
Electric Machinery, Equipment and Parts
127.1
97.6
3.9
-23.2
2,522.6
2,091.3
83.0
-17.1
528.1
432.3
17.0
-18.1
3.050.7
2,523.6
100.0
-17.3
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 27
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
J A PA N HOUSTON’S # 11 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S., Japan and 10 other countries are in the later stages of negotiations on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), which aims to further open markets and increase trade. The island nation has scarce resources and is highly dependent on imports of energy, metals, minerals, and other raw materials. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified Japan as the top potential global export market for cloud computing, advanced manufacturing, cyber security, health information technology, renewable energy, and smart grid technology.
JAPAN SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$4.1 Trillion 0.6%
126,919,659 - 0.2%
$624.0 Billion
$625.4 Billion
Vehicles, iron & steel, semiconductors, auto parts
Petroleum, LNG, clothing, audio/visual apparatus
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 97 Japanese firms operate 144 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 13 Houston firms have 21 subsidiary locations in Japan.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Japan
• Houston firms with major operations in Japan include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), BMC Software, Cameron, Chevron Phillips, DresserRand Company, Halliburton, and Schlumberger.
• Trade and other relationships with Japan in Houston are facilitated by the Consulate General of Japan, Japan Business Association of Houston, and Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO). • United Airlines and ANA offer 11 daily nonstop flights between Houston and Tokyo.
Exports
5
• Japanese firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Chiyoda, Fujitsu, Hitachi, Kawasaki, Kuraray, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Nippon Oil Corporation, Toyota, and Toshiba. • Of the 19 foreign banks in Houston, three are from Japan: Mizuho Corporate Bank, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation, and The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi.
Imports
6
4
$ Billions
28
3
2
1
TRADE Houston-Japan trade has more than doubled since ’05. A fall in the value of organic chemical and refined products shipments resulted in a slight dip in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15 Houston trade with Japan increased at a compound annual growth rate of 8.4 percent.
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
29
E X P O R T S TO J A PA N via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Organic Chemicals
1,153.0
968.2
49.4
-16.0
2
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
1,141.1
658.6
33.6
-42.3
3
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
36.2
58.5
3.0
61.7
4
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
43.7
55.7
2.8
27.6
5
Plastics and Plastic Products
33.0
48.0
2.4
45.3
6
Industrial Equipment and Computers
51.5
33.6
1.7
-34.7
7
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
20.8
31.5
1.6
51.6
8
Soaps, Waxes, Polishes, Candles, Dental Preps
15.4
16.9
0.9
9.8
9
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
1.0
13.1
0.7
1,218.8
10
Fertilizers
10.4
12.7
0.6
21.5
2,506.1
1,896.8
96.8
-24.3
51.6
63.1
3.2
22.3
2,557.7
1,959.8
100.0
-23.4
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
I M P O R T S F R O M J A PA N via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
941.3
1,100.9
38.0
17.0
2
Articles of Iron or Steel
579.9
541.3
18.7
-6.7
3
Organic Chemicals
318.3
303.7
10.5
-4.6
4
Motor Vehicles and Parts
133.1
207.5
7.2
55.8
5
Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts
148.2
185.6
6.4
25.3
6
Iron and Steel
124.4
140.9
4.9
13.2
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
76.6
117.5
4.1
53.3
8
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
93.4
88.1
3.0
-5.7
9
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
28.2
41.4
1.4
46.7
10
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
31.4
33.2
1.1
5.7
2,474.9
2,760.0
95.4
11.5
138.7
134.3
4.6
-3.2
2,613.7
2,894.3
100.0
10.7
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 29
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
B E LG I U M HOUSTON’S # 12 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Densely populated, Belgium enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in Europe. The country’s cultural diversity makes it an ideal market for many U.S. firms looking to test and distribute their products throughout Europe. The U.S., Belgium, and other European Union economies are in negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) agreement, which aims to further open EU markets to U.S. imports. The U.S. Department of Commerce lists agriculture equipment, aerospace, medical devices, and renewable fuels as opportunities for U.S. exports to Belgium.
BELGIUM SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$458.7 Billion 1.3%
11,323,973 0.8%
$281.7 Billion
$280.3 Billion
Chemicals, machinery and equipment, finished diamonds, metal products, foodstuffs
Raw materials, machinery and equipment, chemicals, raw diamonds, pharmaceuticals
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 12 Belgian firms operate 17 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 12 Houston firms operate 19 subsidiaries in Belgium.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and Belgium
Imports
Exports
5
• Houston firms with major operations in Belgium include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), BMC Software, Chevron Phillips Chemical Company, and Foster Wheeler USA.
4
• Belgian firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Anuheuser-Busch InBev, DBO International, Sibelco Group, Solvay, and Viohalco • The Consulate of the Kingdom of Belgium facilitates Belgian trade and other relationships in Houston. • The Belgian Trade Commission promotes trade and investment between Houston and Belgium focusing on energy, petrochemicals, engineering, and aviation.
3 $ Billions
30
2
TRADE Houston trade with Belgium has nearly doubled since ’05. An increase in the value of trade in organic chemicals accounts for some of the increase. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with Belgium increased at a compound annual growth rate of 5.2 percent.
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
31
E X P O RTS TO B ELG I U M via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Organic Chemicals
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,480.8
1,571.1
43.2
6.1
Plastics and Plastic Products
833.1
759.7
20.9
-8.8
3
Mineral Fuels, Refined Products
226.3
238.5
6.6
5.4
4
Industrial Equipment and Computers
216.0
217.2
6.0
0.6
5
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
195.1
175.9
4.8
-9.9
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
82.2
145.7
4.0
77.3
7
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
74.0
91.2
2.5
23.2
8
Rubber and Rubber Products
101.5
68.0
1.9
-33.0
9
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
45.4
46.6
1.3
2.6
10
Ores, Slag, and Ash
67.0
41.0
1.1
-38.8
3,321.4
3,354.9
92.3
1.0
228
280.2
7.7
22.9
3,549.4
3,635.1
100.0
2.4
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
I M PO RTS FROM B ELG I U M via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Mineral Fuels, Refined Products
719.5
583.8
50.4
-18.9
2
Organic Chemicals
191.3
159.7
13.8
-16.5
3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
89.8
85.6
7.4
-4.7
4
Plastics and Plastic Products
75.9
62.5
5.4
-17.7
5
Beverages, Spirits and Vinegar
27.1
43.8
3.8
61.4
6
Iron and Steel
68.5
42.4
3.7
-38.1
7
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
39.0
35.2
3.0
-9.7
8
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment and Parts
17.5
24.2
2.1
37.7
9
Motor Vehicles and Parts
8.3
21.6
1.9
158.1
10
Cocoa and Cocoa Preparations
8.1
12.0
1.0
47.9
1,245.0
1,070.8
92.5
-14.0
86.4
86.7
7.5
0.3
1,331.4
1,157.5
100.0
-13.1
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 31
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
CANADA HOUSTON’S # 13 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Canada’s proximity to the U.S., as well as its similar business culture and legal structure, make it an ideal trading partner for U.S. companies. Under the terms of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Canada eliminated nearly all tariffs on U.S. industrial and agriculture products in ’98. As a result, the U.S.’s northern neighbor is its largest export market. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified aerospace, agricultural equipment, auto parts, cloud computing, construction products, cyber security, information technology, oil and gas equipment, renewable energy, and smart grid technology as the best opportunities for U.S. exports to Canada. The U.S., Canada and 10 other countries are in the later stages of negotiations on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), which will further open markets and increase trade.
CANADA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$1.6 Billion 1.0%
35,099,836 0.8%
$428.3 Billion
$440.9 Billion
Vehicles, industrial machinery, aircraft, crude oil, natural gas
Crude oil, vehicles, chemicals, electricity, consumer goods
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 71 Canadian firms operate 112 subsidiary locations in the Houston area, 59 Houston firms operate 698 subsidiaries in Canada.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Canada
• Houston firms with major operations in Canada include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), BMC Software, Cameron International, ConocoPhillips, FMC Technologies, and National Oilwell Varco.
5
• Canadian firms with major operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Aldo U.S. Inc., Enbridge Energy, Pioneer Pipe, RBC Capital Markets, Scotiabank, and Trans Canada.
4
• Of the 19 foreign banks in Houston, five are from Canada: Bank of Montreal, Bank of Nova Scotia, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Royal Bank of Canada, and The Toronto-Dominion Bank. • The Consulate of Canada facilitates Canadian trade and other relationships in Houston. • Air Canada, United Airlines and Westjet collectively offer 16 daily nonstop flights between Houston and Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver.
TRADE Houston-Canada trade has more than quadrupled since ’05. A fall in the value of trade in mineral fuel oil resulted in a dip in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with Canada increased at a compound annual growth rate of 14.6 percent.
Imports
Exports
6
$ Billions
32
3
2
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
33
E X P O RTS TO C A N A DA via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
Industrial Equipment and Computers
3
Articles of Iron or Steel
4
Organic Chemicals
5
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment and Parts
7
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
5,061.3
4,246.0
97.5
-16.1
49.1
33.6
0.8
-31.7
7.6
23.8
0.5
212.5
59.4
13.2
0.3
-77.8
0.0
11.9
0.3
–
45.0
10.4
0.2
-76.8
Metal Tools, Implements, Cutlery
2.8
4.9
0.1
77.8
8
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
8.1
3.3
0.1
-58.6
9
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
8.7
2.2
0.0
-75.0
10
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
0.4
1.5
0.0
269.3
5,242.4
4,350.8
99.9
-17.0
43.0
3.9
0.1
-90.9
5,285.3
4,354.7
100.0
-17.6
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM CANADA via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
254.5
112.1
41.1
-56.0
Organic Chemicals
99.1
46.9
17.2
-52.6
3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
42.1
43.1
15.8
2.3
4
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
18.3
16.4
6.0
-10.3
5
Articles of Iron or Steel
7.2
12.5
4.6
73.3
6
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
10.2
11.9
4.4
16.2
7
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
17.6
10.0
3.7
-43.2
8
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
10.6
6.8
2.5
-35.2
9
Plastics and Plastic Products
17.3
5.7
2.1
-67.3
10
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
0.0
2.7
1.0
–
476.9
268.1
98.3
-43.8
4.8
4.7
1.7
-2.8
481.8
272.8
100.0
-43.4
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 33
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
I TA LY HOUSTON’S # 14 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S., Italy and the other European Union countries are in negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) agreement, which aims to further open EU markets to U.S. goods and services. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified airport and ground support equipment, cyber security, energy efficiency technologies, financial services, medical devices, and mobile communication as prime opportunities for U.S. exports to Italy.
ITALY SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
$1.8 Trillion 0.8%
61,855,120 0.3%
$454.6 Billion
$389.2 Billion
Engineering products, production machinery, chemicals, nonferrous metals
Chemicals, transport equipment, energy products
Growth rate
Growth rate
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 17 Italian firms operate at 21 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 22 Houston firms operate 52 subsidiary locations in Italy.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Italy
4
• Italian firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Drillmec, Eni, Fomas, Galperti, Giorgio Armani, Gruppo Mossi & Ghisolfi, Raegans, and Valviltalia.
TRADE Houston-Italy trade has more than doubled since ’05. From ’14 to ’15 overall trade increased by 1.8 percent, led by an 81.5 percent increase in the value of trade in exports of industrial machinery from Houston to Italy. From ’05 to ’15 Houston trade with Italy increased at a compound annual growth rate of 5.7 percent.
Exports
5
• Houston firms with major operations in Italy include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping, BMC Software, ConocoPhillips, National Oilwell Varco, Dresser-Rand, FMC Technologies, Halliburton, NETIQ and Universal Weather Aviation.
• Trade and other relationships with Italy in Houston are facilitated by the Consulate General of the Italian Republic, and Italy-America Chamber of Commerce of Texas.
Imports
3 $ Billions
34
2
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
35
E X P O R T S T O I TA LY via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
500.8
560.1
37.8
11.8
2
Industrial Machinery, Including Computers
123.2
223.6
15.1
81.5
3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
128.7
119.5
8.1
-7.1
4
Cereals
57.9
88.5
6
53
5
Organic Chemicals
62.9
72.8
4.9
15.7
6
Raw Hides And Skins, and Leather
71.3
61.4
4.1
-13.9
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
27.2
50.3
3.4
84.9
8
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
285.8
45.8
3.1
-84
9
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
39.8
38.5
2.6
-3.4
10
Edible Fruit and Nuts
2.3
23.4
1.6
905.4
1,300.0
1,284.0
86.6
-1.2
136.6
198.1
13.4
45.1
1,436.6
1,482.1
100
3.2
Total Top 10 Commodities All other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
I M P O R T S F R O M I TA LY via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,137.40
1,146.20
38.6
0.8
Articles of Iron or Steel
549.9
527.9
17.8
-4
3
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
140.1
153.4
5.2
9.5
4
Iron and Steel
143.2
106.9
3.6
-25.4
5
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
39.5
91.3
3.1
131.5
6
Motor Vehicles and Parts
128
91
3.1
-28.9
7
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
87.7
85.1
2.9
-2.9
8
Organic Chemicals
76.3
83.8
2.8
9.8
9
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
83.9
81
2.7
-3.4
10
Ceramic Products
60.5
73.5
2.5
21.5
2,446.5
2,440.2
82.1
-0.3
491.7
531.2
17.9
8
2,938.2
2,971.4
100
1.1
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 35
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
RUSSIA HOUSTON’S # 15 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 With a vast landmass, extensive natural resources, more than 142 million consumers, and acute infrastructure needs, Russia remains a promising market for U.S. exporters. However, recent events in Ukraine have changed the landscape of the bilateral trade and investment relationship between the United States and Russia. U.S. companies can still export their goods and services to Russia and continue working with their Russian partners to sustain their position in this market. However, companies should continuously monitor any developments concerning the United States’ political and economic relationship with Russia. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, Russia is a prime market for U.S. agricultural, forestry, mining, and refinery equipment, along with medical and electric power generation equipment.
RUSSIA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$1.2 Trillion -3.8%
142,423,773 - 0.04%
$337.8 Billion
$197.3 Billion
Petroleum, natural gas, metals, chemicals, and wood products
Machinery, pharmaceuticals, plastics, meat, iron, and steel
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • Nine Russian firms operate 22 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 26 Houston firms have 68 subsidiaries in Russia.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Russia
• Houston firms with major operations in Russia include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping, Baker Hughes, ConocoPhillips, Halliburton, National Oilwell Varco, and Schlumberger.
10
• Russian firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Gazprom Marketing & Trading, HaloPolymer, Lukoil, Rock Flow Dynamics, Rosneft, United Metallurgical Company, and Volga Group.
8
• Trade and other relationships with Russia in Houston are facilitated by the Consulate General of the Russian Federation and the U.S.-Russian Chamber of Commerce.
6
• Singapore Airlines offers 5 nonstop flights per week between Houston and Moscow.
$ Billions
36
Imports
Exports
4
TRADE Houston-Russia trade reversed its positive trade growth in ’12. Trade between the two countries peaked in ’11 at $10.5 billion. As of ’15, total trade stands at $4.0 billion. From ’05 to ’15 Houston trade with Russia increased at a compound annual growth rate of 3.3 percent.
2
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
37
E X P O RTS TO R US S I A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
654.8
515.5
47.9
-21.3
2
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
212.8
138.6
12.9
-34.9
3
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
68.0
69.8
6.5
2.7
4
Articles of Iron or Steel
58.8
56.0
5.2
-4.8
5
Plastics and Plastic Products
107.4
53.3
5.0
-50.4
6
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
53.0
41.0
3.8
-22.6
7
Essential Oils, Perfumery, Cosmetic Products
28.8
31.3
2.9
8.8
8
Metal Tools, Implements, Cutlery
30.7
31.0
2.9
0.9
9
Motor Vehicles and Parts
77.2
26.1
2.4
-66.1
10
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
20.0
11.3
1.0
-43.8
1,311.4
974.0
90.5
-25.7
147.0
102.7
9.5
-30.1
1,458.4
1,076.7
100.0
-26.2
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM RUSSIA via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
4,351.1
2,250.4
76.6
-48.3
Aluminum and Aluminum Products
159.9
238.7
8.1
49.3
3
Articles of Iron or Steel
248.7
167.3
5.7
-32.7
4
Fertilizers
64.4
74.2
2.5
15.2
5
Iron and Steel
366.7
48.8
1.7
-86.7
6
Rubber and Rubber Products
3.4
27.3
0.9
699.3
7
Wood and Wood Products
16.8
19.7
0.7
17.4
8
Railway or Tramway Stock
5.1
14.2
0.5
180.8
9
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
6.2
14.0
0.5
126.8
10
Ores, Slag, and Ash
16.2
12.9
0.4
-20.6
5,238.5
2,867.5
97.6
-45.3
110.7
70.0
2.4
-36.7
5,349.2
2,937.6
100.0
-45.1
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 37
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
INDIA HOUSTON’S # 16 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 As the world’s third largest importer of crude oil and fifth largest consumer of refined petroleum products, India is heavily dependent on imports of crude oil, machinery, chemicals, plastics, and iron and steel. In ’15, India became the top destination for foreign direct investment in greenfield projects, totaling $30 billion as of June ’15. The U.S. Department of Commerce lists health care services, renewable energy, and supply chain management as opportunities for U.S. exports to India. The U.S. Department of Commerce has also identified India as a top potential global export market for environmental technology and nuclear energy.
INDIA SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$2.2 Trillion 7.3%
1,251,695,584 1.2%
$287.6 Billion
$432.3 Billion
Petroleum products, machinery, chemicals, pharmaceutical products, iron and steel
Crude oil, chemicals, machinery, iron and steel, plastics, precious stones
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • 20 Indian firms operate 28 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 25 Houston firms have 65 subsidiary locations in India.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and India
• Houston firms with major operations in India include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), BMC Software, Dril-Quip, KBR, and NETIQ.
TRADE Houston-India trade has more than doubled since ’05. A fall in the value of trade in gums, resins, and vegetable extracts resulted in a dip in trade last year. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with India increased at a compound annual growth rate of 9.6 percent.
Exports
7
• Indian firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Cox & Kings, Kalpataru Power Transmission, Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M), O.P. Jindal Group, and Tata Steel Limited. • Trade and other relationships with India are facilitated in Houston through the Consulate General of the Republic of India and the Indo-American Chamber of Commerce of Greater Houston.
Imports
8
6
5 $ Billions
38
4
3
2
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
39
E X P O RTS TO I N D I A via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
362.2
349.8
24.8
-3.4
2
Organic Chemicals
240.8
256.4
18.2
6.5
3
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
278.7
180.6
12.8
-35.2
4
Plastics and Plastic Products
139.4
158.6
11.3
13.8
5
Non-Organic Chemical Products
87.7
101.4
7.2
15.7
6
Iron and Steel
44.5
63.7
4.5
43.0
7
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
59.8
46.7
3.3
-21.9
8
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
60.0
43.8
3.1
-27.1
9
Articles of Iron or Steel
28.4
36.3
2.6
27.8
10
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
41.0
31.7
2.2
-22.8
1,342.6
1,269.0
90.1
-5.5
197.5
139.2
9.9
-29.5
1,540.1
1,408.2
100.0
-8.6
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM INDIA via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Gums, Resins, and Vegetable Extracts
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,042.8
506.3
20.1
-51.4
Industrial Equipment and Computers
384.2
406.1
16.2
5.7
3
Articles of Iron or Steel
354.6
314.1
12.5
-11.4
4
Mineral Fuels, Refined Products, Oils, Waxes
271.4
230.4
9.2
-15.1
5
Organic Chemicals
278.3
178.8
7.1
-35.8
6
Linens, Needlecraft Sets, Worn Clothing, Etc.
119.1
117.6
4.7
-1.3
7
Iron and Steel
188.7
114.2
4.5
-39.5
8
Motor Vehicles and Parts
59.3
64.1
2.5
8.0
9
Pharmaceutical Products
34.2
52.6
2.1
53.9
10
Products of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica
38.3
50.4
2.0
31.5
2,771.1
2,034.7
80.9
-26.6
449.4
479.0
19.1
6.6
3,220.6
2,513.7
100.0
-21.9
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 39
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
FRANCE HOUSTON’S # 17 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S., France and the countries of the European Union are negotiating the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) agreement, which when ratified will further open EU markets to the U.S. goods and services. The U.S. Department of Commerce lists agricultural equipment, aircraft parts, food products, health care equipment, microelectronics, and pharmaceuticals as opportunities for U.S. exports to France.
FRANCE SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$2.4 Trillion 1.2%
66,553,766 0.4%
$509.1 Billion
$539.0 Billion
Machinery, transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals, pharmaceuticals
Machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft, plastics, chemicals
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • Over a hundred French firms operate 117 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 22 Houston firms have 55 subsidiary locations in France.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and France
• Houston firms with major operations in France include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping, BMC Software, Cameron International Corporation, Dresser Rand, and NETIQ.
• Trade and other relationships with France are facilitated in Houston through the Consulate General of the French Republic, the French American Chamber of Commerce, and the French Trade Commission.
Exports
5
• French firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Air Liquide, Alstom, CGG Veritas, GDF Suez, Technip, and Total. • Of the 19 foreign banks in Houston, four are from France: BNP Paribas, Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, Natixis, and Societe Generale.
Imports
6
4
$ Billions
40
3
2
• Air France offers daily nonstop flights between Houston and Paris.
TRADE Trade between the two markets declined from ’12 to ’15 due to a 55.1 percent drop in the value of trade in oil and refined products. In ’12, oil and refined products accounted for 42.9 percent of Houston-France trade. In ’15, that share fell to 26.6 percent. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with France increased at a compound annual growth rate of 3.9 percent.
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
41
E X P O RTS TO F R A N C E via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1,219.2
905.2
43.1
-25.8
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
130.4
193.7
9.2
48.5
3
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
172.1
192.7
9.2
12.0
4
Industrial Equipment and Computers
121.5
184.1
8.8
51.6
5
Organic Chemicals
75.8
142.4
6.8
88.0
6
Plastics and Plastic Products
101.8
76.9
3.7
-24.4
7
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
54.4
62.3
3.0
14.5
8
Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit, Plant Seeds
20.8
50.9
2.4
143.9
9
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
61.3
43.2
2.1
-29.5
10
Ships, Boats And Floating Structures
32.3
34.0
1.6
5.4
1,989.6
1,885.5
89.8
-5.2
189.6
214.5
10.2
13.1
2,179.2
2,100.0
100.0
-3.6
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM FRANCE via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
522.5
450.3
26.1
-13.8
2
Beverages, Spirits And Vinegar
192.5
209.5
12.1
8.9
3
Motor Vehicles and Parts
152.1
136.0
7.9
-10.6
4
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
200.2
113.5
6.6
-43.3
5
Articles of Iron or Steel
160.1
109.1
6.3
-31.9
6
Iron and Steel
163.3
91.1
5.3
-44.2
7
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
117.1
85.5
5.0
-27.0
8
Organic Chemicals
137.1
71.5
4.1
-48.0
9
Plastics and Plastic Products
66.6
71.0
4.1
6.6
10
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
77.6
68.4
4.0
-11.9
1,789.1
1,406.0
81.5
-21.4
335.3
319.7
18.5
-4.6
2,124.4
1,725.7
100.0
-18.8
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 41
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
CHILE HOUSTON’S # 18 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S. and Chile are among a dozen countries in the later stages of negotiations on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). Once ratified, TPP will open these Pacific markets to increased trade and investment. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified auto parts, environmental technologies, and healthcare as prime opportunities for U.S. exports to Chile.
CHILE SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$240 Billion 2.3%
17,508,260 0.8%
$61.8 Billion
$56 Billion
Copper, fruit, fish products, paper and pulp, chemicals, wine
Petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, electrical equipment
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • At least one Chilean firm operates a subsidiary location in the Houston area; eight Houston firms operate 10 subsidiary locations in Chile.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and Chile
Imports
Exports
6
• Houston firms with major operations in Chile include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Exterran Holdings, FMC Technologies, Foster Wheeler USA Corporation, and Schlumberger Limited.
5
• The Chilean firm, Lan Cargo, operates a single subsidiary location in Houston. 4
• The Consulate General of the Republic of Chile facilitates trade and other relationships in Houston. • United Airlines offers daily nonstop flights between Houston and Santiago.
$ Billions
42
3
TRADE Trade between Houston and Chile has increased by more than fifty percent since ’05. Despite an overall downturn in the value of trade from ’14 to ’15, the value of trade in plastics, led by polyethylene exports from Houston to Chile, increased 11.4 percent. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with Chile increased at a compound annual growth rate of 5.6 percent.
2
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
43
E X P O RTS TO C H I L E via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
2,272.5
1,433.7
48.2
-36.9
Industrial Equipment and Computers
297.3
370.6
12.5
-24.6
3
Organic Chemicals
328.5
269.8
9.1
-17.9
4
Plastics and Plastic Products
215.6
240.2
8.1
11.4
5
Motor Vehicles and Parts
347.4
163.8
5.5
-52.8
6
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
102.5
81.2
2.7
-20.8
7
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
80.0
81.0
2.7
1.2
8
Rubber and Rubber Products
63.6
57.9
1.9
-8.9
9
Electrical Machinery
61.4
47.8
1.6
-22.2
10
Meat and Edible Meat Products
66.9
44.4
1.5
-33.7
3,835.7
2,790.4
93.8
-27.3
193.2
183.7
6.2
-4.9
4,028.9
2,974.1
100.0
-26.2
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
IMPORTS FROM CHILE via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
’15
% of Total ’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Wood and Wood Products
76.5
77.7
20.8
-1.7
2
Rubber and Rubber Products
59.9
51.8
13.9
-13.5
3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
41.2
36.8
9.9
-10.6
4
Copper and Copper Products
37.3
34.0
9.1
-8.9
5
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
17.2
29.2
7.8
70.1
6
Fish, Crustaceans and Aquatic Invertebrates
3.2
23.0
6.2
613.3
7
Motor Vehicles and Parts
19.4
22.0
5.9
13.4
8
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
17.4
19.3
5.2
13.4
9
Edible Fruit and Nuts
19.8
15.1
4.1
-23.8
10
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
5.5
11.8
3.2
113.4
297.4
320.7
86.1
7.8
82.1
52.0
13.9
-36.7
379.5
372.7
100.0
-1.8
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 43
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
UNITED ARAB E M I R AT E S HOUSTON’S # 19 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is the largest market for American product exports in the Middle East. The two countries entered into a Trade and Investment Framework Agreement in ’04, which has since served to open markets and increase bi-lateral trade. The country’s demand for imports is fueled by its rapidly expanding civil aviation sector, major infrastructure and transportation projects, and oil and gas industry modernization and expansion. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified aircraft parts, power generating equipment, computers and electronics, and oil and gas field machinery as opportunities for U.S. exports to the United Arab Emirates.
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$339.1 Billion 3.0%
5,779,760 2.6%
$323.8 Billion
$248.2 Billion
Crude oil, natural gas
Machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • Eight UAE firms operate 14 subsidiary locations in the Houston area; 38 Houston firms have 78 subsidiary locations in the UAE.
TOTAL TRAD E Houston and UAE
Imports
Exports
4
• Houston firms with major operations in UAE include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Baker Botts, BMC Software, Cameron International, Dresser Rand, Exterran, Geokinetics, National Oilwell Varco, and NETIQ.
3
• UAE firms with operations in Houston include, but are not limited to: Dubai Holdings, GAC Group, The Emirates Group, Rubber World Industries, Polarcus, and TAKtical International. • Trade with UAE is facilitated in Houston through the Consulate General of the United Arab Emirates and the Bilateral US-Arab Chamber of Commerce.
$ Billions
44
2
• Emirates offers daily nonstop flights between Houston and Dubai.
TRADE Houston-UAE trade more than tripled since ’05, from $902.1 million in ’05 to $3.2 billion in ’15, representing a compound annual growth rate of 13.5 percent. Exports accounted for 87 percent of Houston’s total trade with the UAE in ’15. The main drivers of Houston’s exports to the UAE were in industrial machinery, electric machinery, and vehicles and parts.
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
45
E X P O R T S T O U N I T E D A R A B E M I R AT E S via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
1
Industrial Equipment and Computers
823.3
902.0
32.5
9.6
2
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
214.7
502.0
18.1
133.8
3
Motor Vehicles and Parts
179.1
336.7
12.1
88.0
4
Articles of Iron or Steel
156.7
141.5
5.1
-9.7
5
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
81.7
116.2
4.2
42.3
6
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
125.3
115.1
4.2
-8.1
7
Arms and Ammunition
25.1
114.4
4.1
356.0
8
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
31.9
94.4
3.4
196.2
9
Plastics and Plastic Products
116.4
94.2
3.4
-19.1
10
Organic Chemicals
53.0
64.0
2.3
20.6
1,807.1
2,480.3
89.5
37.3
420.5
292.4
10.5
-30.5
2,227.6
2,772.7
100.0
24.5
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
I M P O R T S F R O M U N I T E D A R A B E M I R AT E S via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Aluminum and Aluminum Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
108.3
121.6
29.0
12.2
Articles of Iron or Steel
63.9
77.7
18.5
21.7
3
Fertilizers
21.4
62.5
14.9
191.6
4
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
70.0
51.5
12.3
-26.4
5
Industrial Equipment and Computers
50.9
27.7
6.6
-45.6
6
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2.8
26.0
6.2
840.6
7
Organic Chemicals
0.3
12.8
3.1
–
8
Iron and Steel
11.4
11.9
2.8
3.7
9
Essential Oils, Perfumery, Cosmetic Products
5.7
8.3
2.0
44.2
10
Furniture, Bedding, Lamps
0.8
6.4
1.5
728.6
335.2
406.3
96.9
21.2
15.5
13.2
3.1
-15.4
350.7
419.5
100.0
19.6
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 45
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
ECUADOR HOUSTON’S #20 TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 The U.S. is Ecuador’s largest trading partner. Ecuador plans to phase out its tariff surcharges over the next few months, which will further reduce barriers to entry and afford new opportunities to Houston firms exporting to the region. The U.S. Department of Commerce has identified industrial equipment, plastics, and oil and gas opportunities for U.S. exports to Ecuador.
ECUADOR SNAPSHOT GDP (’15)
POP (’15)
$98.9 Billion - 0.6%
15,868,396 1.4%
Growth rate
Growth rate
GLOBAL EXPORTS (’15)
GLOBAL IMPORTS (’15)
$18.4 Billion
$20.9 Billion
Petroleum, bananas, cut flowers, shrimp, coffee
Fuels and lubricants, industrial materials
Sources: IMF, CIA Factbook, and U.S. Department of Commerce
HOUSTON’S BUSINESS TIES • At least one Ecuadorian firm operates a subsidiary location in the Houston area; 11 Houston firms have 15 subsidiary locations in Ecuador.
TOTAL TRAD E
Houston and Ecuador
Imports
Exports
5
• Houston firms with major operations in Ecuador include, but are not limited to: American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), Cameron International Corporation, Geokinetics and National Oilwell Varco.
4
• The Ecuadorian firm, Minga Group, operates a subsidiary in Houston - Minga Equipment & Supply Co. Inc. • Trade and other relationships with Ecuador are facilitated in Houston through the Consulate General of the Republic of Ecuador. • United Airlines offers daily nonstop flights between Houston and Quito.
TRADE Houston-Ecuador trade has nearly tripled since ’05. A fall in the value of trade in mineral fuels, oil, and refined products resulted in a dip last year. From ’05 to ’15, Houston trade with Ecuador increased at a compound annual growth rate of 10.0 percent.
3 $ Billions
46
2
1
0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
47
E X P O RTS TO EC UA D O R via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
2,397.9
1,964.2
80.7
-18.1
Plastics and Plastic Products
183.8
160.6
6.6
-12.6
3
Industrial Equipment and Computers
248.3
94.5
3.9
-62.0
4
Non-Organic Chemical Products
58.3
45.7
1.9
-21.5
5
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
76.9
45.6
1.9
-40.7
6
Organic Chemicals
34.6
24.8
1.0
-28.4
7
Articles of Iron or Steel
36.9
22.0
0.9
-40.3
8
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
9.7
10.5
0.4
7.8
9
Cotton Woven Fabrics
13.3
9.8
0.4
-25.9
10
Cereals
18.1
9.6
0.4
-47.2
3,077.9
2,387.3
98.1
-22.4
120.8
47.1
1.9
-61.0
3,198.7
2,434.4
100.0
-23.9
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
I M P O RTS F RO M EC UA D O R via Houston-Galveston Customs District $Value, Millions Rank
Commodity
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
2
’14
% of Total ’15
’15
% Change ’14-’15
802.8
488.0
81.0
-39.2
Fish, Crustaceans and Aquatic Invertebrates
42.7
33.6
5.6
-21.3
3
Edible Preps of Meat, Fish, Crustaceans
24.0
26.7
4.4
11.4
4
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
15.8
22.8
3.8
44.4
5
Edible Fruit and Nuts
9.9
10.6
1.8
7.5
6
Wood and Wood Products
10.5
9.0
1.5
-14.0
7
Industrial Equipment and Computers
0.1
2.8
0.5
3378.8
8
Edible Products
3.2
2.4
0.4
-24.7
9
Edible Vegetables, Roots, Tubers
1.3
1.8
0.3
40.3
10
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
1.0
1.4
0.2
38.2
911.2
599.2
99.4
-34.2
6.4
3.4
0.6
-46.4
917.6
602.6
100.0
-34.3
Total Top 10 Commodities All Other Commodities TOTAL - ALL COMMODITIES
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data 47
48
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
H O US TO N CO M M O D I T Y T R A D E RANKED BY VALUE IN 2015
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Commodity Description
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
TOTAL ALL COMMODITIES
251,726.9
252,457.5
196,427.4
0.3
-22.2
1
Mineral Fuels, Oil, and Refined Products
117,970.2
110,346.6
66,651.5
-6.5
-39.6
2
Industrial Equipment and Computers
28,454.8
31,367.2
28,848.0
10.2
-8.0
3
Organic Chemicals
22,083.2
21,925.1
17,130.0
-0.7
-21.9
4
Products made of Iron or Steel
10,531.2
12,291.8
9,637.0
16.7
-21.6
5
Electrical Machinery, Equipment, and Parts
10,471.2
11,096.1
9,502.5
6.0
-14.4
6
Motor Vehicles and Parts
7,377.8
7,467.4
8,957.4
1.2
20.0
7
Plastics and Plastic Products
8,983.7
8,881.1
8,742.1
-1.1
-1.6
8
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
4,397.8
4,459.0
4,509.0
1.4
1.1
9
Optic, Photographic, Measuring, Medical Instruments
3,722.6
3,724.7
3,342.1
0.1
-10.3
10
Metals of Iron and Steel
2,539.4
3,721.2
2,730.5
46.5
-26.6
11
Beverages, Spirits, and Vinegar
2,084.0
2,543.0
2,652.8
22.0
4.3
12
Cereals
2,807.8
3,209.6
2,636.3
14.3
-17.9
13
Inorganic Chemicals, Rare Earths, Precious Metals
2,337.0
2,263.1
2,126.2
-3.2
-6.1
14
Rubber and Rubber Products
2,316.8
2,326.5
2,079.7
0.4
-10.6
15
Miscellaneous Industrial Components, Equipment, and Parts
1,523.3
1,827.8
1,806.5
20.0
-1.2
16
Aircraft, Spacecraft, and Parts
1,552.8
1,529.6
1,638.0
-1.5
7.1
17
Furniture, Bedding, Lamps
1,225.2
1,387.4
1,539.8
13.3
11.0
18
Essential Oils, Perfumery, Cosmetic Products
799.6
907.1
1,141.8
13.4
25.9
19
Toys, Games, and Sports Equipment
751.9
860.9
1,067.2
14.5
24.0
20
Pharmaceutical Products
529.0
1,003.8
1,055.7
89.7
5.2
21
Meat and Edible Meat Products
738.4
843.8
910.2
14.3
7.9
22
Aluminum and Aluminum Products
784.8
700.6
904.1
-10.7
29.0
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Commodity Description
23
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
Edible Fruit and Nuts
629.3
674.3
866.3
7.2
28.5
24
Soaps, Waxes, Polishes, Candles, Dental Preps
695.6
797.5
780.6
14.7
-2.1
25
Linens, Needlecraft Sets, Worn Clothing
652.6
677.4
700.7
3.8
3.5
26
Footwear and Gaiters
751.0
862.4
648.0
14.8
-24.9
27
Metal Tools, Implements, Cutlery
736.5
755.8
639.4
2.6
-15.4
28
Products of Stone, Plaster, Cement, Asbestos, Mica
593.6
577.4
615.7
-2.7
6.6
29
Wood and Wood Products
471.1
572.1
615.1
21.4
7.5
30
Ores, Slag, and Ash
532.5
712.2
577.7
33.7
-18.9
31
Gums, Resins, and Vegetable Extracts
1,530.7
1,124.3
560.5
-26.6
-50.2
32
Paper and Paperboard Articles
440.2
504.8
522.8
14.7
3.6
33
Knitted or Crocheted Apparel and Accessories
493.4
495.9
506.0
0.5
2.1
34
Fertilizers
578.8
591.0
500.0
2.1
-15.4
35
Oil Grain, Seed, Fruit, Plant Seeds
713.5
386.6
455.0
-45.8
17.7
36
Cotton Woven Fabrics
453.5
507.2
442.4
11.8
-12.8
37
Non-Knitted Apparel and Accessories
337.7
403.5
437.7
19.5
8.5
38
Salt, Sulfur, Stone, Lime, and Cement Plaster
321.7
417.9
430.8
29.9
3.1
39
Coffee, Tea, Spices
327.3
399.9
409.0
22.2
2.3
40
Edible Products
282.9
350.0
389.3
23.7
11.2
41
Fish, Crustaceans and Aquatic Invertebrates
296.1
394.5
383.6
33.2
-2.8
42
Precious Stones, Metals, Coins, Pearls
335.9
396.2
368.2
18.0
-7.1
43
Animal or Vegetable Fats, Oils, Waxes
617.1
362.9
356.9
-41.2
-1.7
44
Copper and Copper Products
478.2
443.2
313.5
-7.3
-29.3
45
Railway or Tramway Stock
310.0
309.8
311.3
-0.1
0.5
46
Arms and Ammunition
312.9
302.5
298.8
-3.3
-1.2
47
Ceramic Products
268.1
288.7
283.9
7.7
-1.7
48
Products made of Base Metal
246.1
271.4
266.6
10.3
-1.8
49
50
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Commodity Description
49
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
Vegetable, Fruit, Nut Products
218.7
212.8
261.2
-2.7
22.8
50
Tanning Extracts, Dyes, Paints, Inks
241.0
254.5
258.8
5.6
1.7
51
Glass and Glassware
221.3
250.5
251.1
13.2
0.3
52
Edible Vegetables, Roots, Tubers
254.6
201.7
227.5
-20.8
12.8
53
Ships, Boats, and Floating Structures
668.8
434.9
218.6
-35.0
-49.8
54
Leather Items, Saddlery, Handbags
135.7
147.5
204.0
8.7
38.3
55
Nickel and Nickel Products
147.1
177.1
186.7
20.4
5.4
56
Edible Preps of Meat, Fish, Crustaceans
146.6
169.0
173.2
15.2
2.5
57
Dairy Products, Eggs, Honey
209.9
160.9
156.1
-23.3
-3.0
58
Cereal, Flour and Milk Products, Bakers Wares
142.0
129.3
150.7
-9.0
16.6
59
Modified Starches, Glues, Enzymes
137.7
148.6
149.8
7.9
0.8
60
Raw Hides, Skins, and Leather
98.5
153.8
145.3
56.2
-5.5
61
Food Industry Residues and Animal Feeds
144.9
153.0
139.9
5.6
-8.6
62
Works of Art, Collectors Pieces, and Antiques
116.3
122.7
122.0
5.5
-0.6
63
Explosives, Pyrotechnics, Matches
95.5
131.9
116.3
38.1
-11.9
64
Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles
89.9
85.9
100.3
-4.5
16.9
65
Wadding, Felt, Yarn, Twine, Ropes
72.6
77.1
97.1
6.2
26.0
66
Impregnated Text Fabrics for Industry
80.1
98.5
94.8
23.0
-3.8
67
Books, Newspapers, Magazines
148.2
111.1
93.3
-25.1
-16.0
68
Base Metals
105.9
96.8
84.4
-8.6
-12.8
69
Sugars and Sugar Products
72.2
81.6
82.5
13.1
1.1
70
Miscellaneous Products of Animal Origin
44.1
71.0
70.6
60.9
-0.5
71
Wood Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Waste
79.6
86.3
69.6
8.5
-19.4
72
Milling Products, Malt, Starch
61.8
53.7
69.6
-13.1
29.6
73
Manmade Fibers, Yarns, Woven Fabrics
53.7
71.7
68.0
33.6
-5.1
74
Carpets and Other Textile Floor Coverings
46.8
57.0
57.3
21.9
0.5
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Commodity Description
75
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
Photographic or Cinematographic Goods
49.9
52.4
50.6
5.1
-3.4
76
Musical Instruments and Parts
58.9
45.0
46.4
-23.6
3.1
77
Cocoa and Cocoa Products
35.5
41.9
46.2
18.1
10.4
78
Manmade Fliaments and Woven Fabrics
30.6
40.2
44.7
31.3
11.3
79
Zinc and Zinc Products
67.8
54.5
41.9
-19.5
-23.2
80
Knitted or Crocheted Fabrics
21.3
29.2
39.0
37.0
33.5
81
Lead and Lead Products
29.9
38.4
37.9
28.6
-1.4
82
Live Animals
96.6
32.1
34.8
-66.8
8.6
83
Headgear and Parts
25.1
24.5
23.2
-2.7
-5.0
84
Clocks, Watches, and Parts
16.0
11.2
19.4
-30.1
73.3
85
Cork and Cork Products
3.3
13.2
17.2
302.9
30.3
86
Feathers, Down, Artificial Flowers
12.9
12.2
16.6
-5.1
35.2
87
Specialty Fabrics, Lace, Tapestries
11.3
14.7
15.5
30.3
4.9
88
Umbrellas, Walking-Sticks, Riding-Crops
14.3
10.9
13.8
-23.6
25.7
89
Miscellaneous Vegetable Materials and Products
10.7
7.7
9.0
-28.8
17.3
90
Baskets and Straw Products
6.2
6.5
8.6
4.8
32.2
91
Live Trees, Plants, Bulbs, Cut Flowers
2.9
2.8
6.9
-3.2
143.8
92
Tobacco and Tobacco Substitutes
2.0
6.3
5.9
214.1
-6.8
93
Tin and Tin Products
0.6
1.3
3.6
93.7
183.8
94
Vegetable and Paper Textile Fibers
1.8
3.2
3.5
75.9
8.4
95
Wool, Animal Hair Woven Fabrics
3.9
4.6
3.0
17.3
-34.4
96
Animal and Artificial Furs
2.8
3.1
2.6
11.9
-14.6
97
Silk Woven Fabrics
0.1
0.1
0.1
15.7
-46.9
Data provided by WISER, at http://www.wisertrade.org, from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division
51
52
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
H O U S TO N G LO B A L T R A D E PA R T N E R S VALUE OF TRADE - 2015
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Country TOTAL ALL COUNTRIES
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
251,726.9
252,457.5
196,427.4
0.3
-22.2
1
China
13,598.5
16,571.5
18,496.0
21.9
11.6
2
Mexico
28,381.5
28,714.8
17,652.5
1.2
-38.5
3
Brazil
13,889.8
15,678.2
10,484.2
12.9
-33.1
4
Germany
8,875.8
9,921.0
10,039.6
11.8
1.2
5
Netherlands
9,643.9
8,897.0
8,381.7
-7.7
-5.8
6
Venezuela
15,064.6
12,854.1
7,905.7
-14.7
-38.5
7
Colombia
11,690.8
10,781.8
7,201.4
-7.8
-33.2
8
South Korea
6,268.0
8,361.1
6,543.9
33.4
-21.7
9
Saudi Arabia
13,719.5
10,939.6
6,218.2
-20.3
-43.2
10
United Kingdom
5,537.6
6,338.6
5,456.7
14.5
-13.9
11
Japan
4,984.9
5,171.4
4,854.1
3.7
-6.1
12
Belgium
4,965.3
4,880.8
4,792.6
-1.7
-1.8
13
Canada
3,217.8
5,767.1
4,627.5
79.2
-19.8
14
Italy
3,320.7
4,374.8
4,453.5
31.7
1.8
15
Russia
8,285.0
6,807.6
4,014.3
-17.8
-41.0
16
India
5,166.1
4,760.7
3,921.9
-7.9
-17.6
17
France
4,745.9
4,303.6
3,825.8
-9.3
-11.1
18
Chile
4,990.5
4,408.5
3,346.8
-11.7
-24.1
19
United Arab Emirates
2,633.4
2,578.3
3,192.2
-2.1
23.8
20
Ecuador
3,413.3
4,116.3
3,037.0
20.6
-26.2
21
Singapore
3,715.5
3,216.2
2,860.7
-13.4
-11.1
22
Peru
3,492.9
2,789.5
2,663.7
-20.1
-4.5
23
Argentina
3,503.7
3,708.2
2,657.5
5.8
-28.3
24
Turkey
2,747.5
2,829.7
2,277.9
3.0
-19.5
25
Spain
2,303.4
2,590.7
2,188.0
12.5
-15.5
26
Iraq
5,116.4
3,296.2
1,956.9
-35.6
-40.6
27
Kuwait
5,151.6
5,853.8
1,954.3
13.6
-66.6
28
Panama
2,259.2
2,865.8
1,726.3
26.9
-39.8
29
Nigeria
4,515.0
2,455.2
1,543.7
-45.6
-37.1
30
Norway
1,180.8
1,347.9
1,494.5
14.2
10.9
31
Costa Rica
4,386.3
4,011.6
1,477.5
-8.5
-63.2
32
Australia
1,764.2
1,631.7
1,448.6
-7.5
-11.2
33
Guatemala
1,521.1
1,371.0
1,420.5
-9.9
3.6
34
Taiwan
1,953.4
2,141.9
1,417.5
9.7
-33.8
35
Egypt
1,374.4
1,328.4
1,344.1
-3.4
1.2
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Country
36
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
Trinidad and Tobago
2,016.6
1,840.5
1,290.1
-8.7
-29.9
37
Algeria
1,844.3
1,361.2
1,280.2
-26.2
-6.0
38
Angola
2,059.4
1,570.2
1,173.3
-23.8
-25.3
39
South Africa
1,358.2
1,420.3
1,046.5
4.6
-26.3
40
Ireland
762.1
925.9
987.6
21.5
6.7
41
Honduras
1,279.0
1,324.2
974.2
3.5
-26.4
42
Israel
951.9
956.4
922.0
0.5
-3.6
43
Dominican Republic
1,104.0
1,360.4
916.3
23.2
-32.6
44
Malaysia
663.8
813.5
885.6
22.6
8.9
45
Switzerland
648.5
779.5
870.2
20.2
11.6
46
Qatar
817.9
829.4
846.5
1.4
2.1
47
Indonesia
975.0
698.4
823.8
-28.4
18.0
48
Vietnam
638.9
663.2
809.6
3.8
22.1
49
Thailand
663.6
745.6
804.8
12.4
7.9
50
Austria
845.6
888.5
762.0
5.1
-14.2
51
Sweden
596.9
849.5
650.7
42.3
-23.4
52
Aruba
487.8
789.0
620.0
61.7
-21.4
53
Oman
550.3
487.7
580.5
-11.4
19.0
54
Denmark
360.0
442.2
544.6
22.9
23.2
55
Romania
395.2
590.4
524.0
49.4
-11.2
56
Bahamas
718.7
822.4
487.5
14.4
-40.7
57
Hungary
232.2
409.8
474.7
76.5
15.8
58
Slovakia
310.5
378.1
449.3
21.8
18.8
59
Morocco
722.8
767.1
386.6
6.1
-49.6
60
Bahrain
286.3
308.7
380.2
7.9
23.1
61
Ghana
253.6
376.3
371.6
48.4
-1.2
62
El Salvador
316.3
435.1
360.6
37.5
-17.1
63
Poland
303.8
304.6
358.9
0.3
17.8
64
Czech Republic
420.5
431.3
354.2
2.6
-17.9
65
Pakistan
353.7
327.2
332.1
-7.5
1.5
66
Kazakhstan
673.2
607.0
331.9
-9.8
-45.3
67
Philippines
411.7
427.3
290.8
3.8
-31.9
68
Finland
324.2
417.7
282.3
28.9
-32.4
69
Hong Kong
143.4
195.4
281.9
36.3
44.2
70
New Zealand
248.3
247.5
276.1
-0.3
11.5
71
Antigua
1.6
18.4
267.2
1058.7
1350.2
72
Uruguay
197.8
248.7
262.4
25.7
5.5
73
Lebanon
94.4
299.2
261.6
216.9
-12.6
74
Nicaragua
229.5
207.5
249.1
-9.6
20.1
75
Gibraltar
814.4
298.8
236.8
-63.3
-20.7
53
54
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions)
% Change
Rank
Country
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
76
Portugal
214.9
296.0
226.4
37.8
-23.5
77
Greece
109.9
137.1
217.8
24.8
58.9
78
Azerbaijan
164.5
237.8
182.9
44.6
-23.1
79
Togo
468.0
373.8
181.8
-20.1
-51.4
80
Suriname
184.9
284.9
175.5
54.0
-38.4
81
Kenya
215.2
217.8
174.7
1.2
-19.8
82
Equatorial Guinea
236.8
263.9
168.7
11.5
-36.1
83
Jamaica
304.5
388.9
168.4
27.7
-56.7
84
Malta and Gozo
368.3
581.3
166.6
57.8
-71.3
85
Bolivia
237.8
133.2
157.1
-44.0
17.9
86
Tunisia
398.4
216.9
156.7
-45.6
-27.8
87
Cameroon
244.8
208.9
149.1
-14.7
-28.6
88
Ukraine
359.4
285.0
147.9
-20.7
-48.1
89
Ivory Coast
87.1
113.5
130.8
30.4
15.2
90
Congo, Republic of The Congo
202.6
190.5
130.5
-6.0
-31.5
91
Gabon
143.7
338.2
127.4
135.4
-62.3
92
Jordan
228.8
162.5
118.8
-29.0
-26.9
93
Guinea
102.0
89.8
110.7
-12.0
23.2
94
Bangladesh
113.6
104.9
110.1
-7.7
5.0
95
Curacao
136.5
48.0
108.7
-64.8
126.4
96
Luxembourg
124.6
129.6
102.3
4.0
-21.0
97
Slovenia
53.8
60.4
96.4
12.2
59.6
98
Ethiopia
83.4
87.7
92.4
5.2
5.4
99
Haiti
115.6
94.8
90.3
-18.0
-4.8
100
Benin
71.2
109.1
85.2
53.2
-21.9
101
St. Lucia
44.5
290.4
84.8
552.0
-70.8
102
Cambodia
24.7
57.2
79.8
131.0
39.7
103
Libya
520.9
125.4
69.2
-75.9
-44.8
104
Sri Lanka
41.7
47.7
68.8
14.5
44.1
105
Estonia
59.0
43.1
67.1
-26.9
55.7
106
Mozambique
116.9
114.4
64.8
-2.1
-43.3
107
Paraguay
104.0
81.9
62.1
-21.3
-24.1
108
Djibouti
81.9
32.0
59.8
-60.9
86.9
109
Guyana
51.4
65.4
59.2
27.3
-9.5
110
Tanzania
119.6
155.8
58.1
30.2
-62.7
111
Georgia
120.0
157.2
58.1
31.0
-63.1
112
Turkmenistan
34.1
48.9
55.4
43.3
13.4
113
Mauritania
111.8
30.5
53.0
-72.7
73.7
114
Namibia
112.8
194.7
52.0
72.6
-73.3
115
Barbados
11.3
10.8
45.0
-4.3
316.3
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Country
116
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
Lithuania
55.1
48.1
44.8
-12.7
-6.7
117
Chad
27.0
46.0
44.8
70.2
-2.6
118
Martinique
61.8
43.3
44.2
-30.0
2.1
119
Marshall Islands
23.8
0.4
43.9
-98.3
10889.8
120
Papua New Guinea
28.3
43.3
43.0
53.3
-0.7
121
Iceland
94.0
91.8
42.9
-2.4
-53.3
122
South Sudan
44.1
32.8
42.4
-25.6
29.4
123
Bulgaria
45.0
104.8
41.4
132.6
-60.5
124
Belarus
60.2
80.8
41.1
34.2
-49.1
125
Latvia
79.9
37.9
40.2
-52.5
5.9
126
Senegal
43.2
28.9
39.8
-33.1
37.7
127
Belize
18.9
24.9
39.5
32.0
58.6
128
Congo, Democratic Republic of The Congo
45.0
67.6
38.3
50.4
-43.4
129
Mauritius
8.9
11.8
36.0
32.0
206.1
130
Madagascar
16.1
8.7
35.2
-46.3
305.6
131
Serbia
32.2
24.3
33.7
-24.5
38.7
132
Croatia
28.2
22.1
25.9
-21.6
17.1
133
Liberia
134
Cayman Islands
135
29.3
36.5
24.9
24.6
-31.7
106.3
96.3
24.7
-9.5
-74.4
Afghanistan
44.1
8.6
16.0
-80.5
86.1
136
Liechtenstein
20.4
19.2
14.6
-6.2
-23.7
137
Brunei
24.3
22.4
13.3
-7.8
-40.5
138
Cyprus
26.5
31.3
13.3
18.0
-57.4
139
Republic of Yemen
74.7
48.3
13.1
-35.4
-72.8
140
British Indian Ocean Terr.
12.8
6.7
12.7
-47.8
89.7
141
Mali
13.2
5.6
11.9
-57.4
111.6
142
Kyrgyzstan
22.4
13.7
11.1
-38.9
-18.7
143
Somalia
8.0
7.9
10.9
-0.7
37.7
144
Armenia
17.1
8.2
10.9
-52.2
33.7
145
Zambia
12.2
10.9
10.3
-11.0
-5.2
146
Albania
27.8
14.9
9.2
-46.5
-38.2
147
Uganda
22.5
14.5
9.0
-35.6
-38.2
148
Sierra Leone
13.4
11.4
7.9
-15.1
-30.3
149
Iran
24.5
10.3
7.5
-58.1
-27.1
150
Burkina
12.5
4.2
7.2
-66.9
72.8
151
Faroe Island
3.2
4.4
7.1
38.2
62.9
152
Malawi
10.2
2.2
7.0
-78.5
220.8
153
Mongolia
23.5
10.9
6.7
-53.8
-38.9
154
South Sudan
3.8
36.2
5.9
854.1
-83.7
155
Burma (Myanmar)
52.4
5.2
5.5
-90.1
6.4
55
56
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
$ Value (Millions) Rank
Country
156
% Change
’13
’14
’15
’13 - ’14
’14 - ’15
Uzbekistan
37.6
26.9
5.5
-28.5
-79.6
157
Zimbabwe
1.6
3.4
5.4
113.9
58.9
158
Niger
9.4
10.5
5.2
11.9
-50.5
159
Seychelles
1.2
0.8
5.1
-35.8
566.8
160
French Guiana
196.1
11.1
4.7
-94.4
-57.3
161
Macedonia
1.2
15.3
4.6
1127.4
-69.9
162
The Gambia
2.9
2.4
4.0
-18.2
68.8
163
Bosnia-Hercegovina
2.2
4.6
4.0
111.8
-14.3
164
Dominica
6.5
6.1
3.8
-6.0
-37.4
165
Moldova
5.4
3.2
3.8
-40.8
17.2
166
Guadeloupe
18.5
4.4
3.1
-76.1
-31.1
167
Laos
0.6
0.9
3.0
61.4
239.1
168
Nepal
1.0
1.8
3.0
83.9
62.5
169
St. Vincent
2.6
2.1
2.9
-20.3
36.6
170
Bermuda
38.9
18.3
2.3
-52.9
-87.4
171
Burundi
2.6
1.2
2.3
-54.6
94.8
172
Central African Republic
0.3
4.0
2.3
1450.1
-43.6
173
New Caledonia
4.2
1.2
2.2
-72.4
86.4
174
Swaziland
7.6
3.1
2.1
-59.1
-32.2
175
Monaco
1.4
7.1
2.1
426.7
-70.9
176
Fiji
0.5
8.2
1.9
1517.0
-76.7
177
Macao
3.6
1.4
1.9
-60.3
29.8
178
Sint Maarten
38.2
3.2
1.7
-91.7
-45.9
179
French Polynesia
0.3
1.2
1.5
301.9
31.4
180
Rwanda
4.1
4.1
1.5
0.3
-64.5
181
Cocos Islands
0.6
0.0
1.2
-96.3
5337.9
182
British Virgin Islands
1.6
5.0
1.0
207.5
-80.9
Source: WISER from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data Countries not listed had less than $1.0 million in foreign trade pass through the Houston-Galveston Customs District in 2015.
Greater Houston Partnership Research | April 2016
SOURCES INDICATOR
SOURCE
Economic overview, export opportunities
U.S. Department of Commerce, 2015
Gross Domestic Product (GDP), GDP Growth Rate*
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2015
Population, Pop. Growth Rate, Exports, Imports
CIA World Factbook, 2016
Foreign-owned firms operating in Houston
Texas Governor’s Office, 2016
Houston-based firms operating abroad
Uniworld Online, 2016
Foreign-owned banks in Houston
U.S. Federal Reserve Board, September 2015
Foreign Consulates in Houston
U.S. State Department, 2016
Foreign Trade Associations in Houston
Greater Houston Partnership Database, 2016
International Air Service
Houston Airport System, 2015
Foreign Trade via Houston-Galveston Customs District
WiserTrade from U.S. Census Bureau, 2015
57
Publication underwritten by:
COUNTRY HOUSTON'S #_ TRADE PARTNER IN 2015 Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada. Praesent non placerat sem. Aliquam lacinia suscipit enim et convallis. Nam accumsan pretium est a pulvinar. Nunc vulputate arcu quis nisi tempus, ut aliquet nulla luctus. Nunc finibus, lectus non porta varius, nunc dolor euismod lacus, in imperdiet sem nunc eget ante. Phasellus malesuada tortor eu erat condimentum lobortis. Sed ac mauris cursus quam sagittis lobortis. In id dolor a lorem maximus molestie et vitae tortor. Nunc vehicula enim nec magna sodales, quis pulvinar metus volutpat. Etiam ut suscipit tellus. Sed porttitor varius ligula, ut vehicula sapien. Integer volutpat lacinia enim, vitae dignissim sapien tincidunt vel.
BRIEF ON _'S GLOBAL POSITION GDP ('15)
POP ('15)
EXPORTS ('15)
IMPORTS ('15)
$11.4 Trillion 6.8%
1,367,485,388 .45%
$2.3 Billion
$1.6 Billion
Electrical and other machinery, circuits, cell phones, textiles
Oil and mineral fuels, medical equipment, motor vehicles
Growth rate
Growth rate
Sources: IMF, CIA
HOUSTON'S BUSINESS TIES • Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada.
TOTA L T RA DE Houston and China
18
• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada.
16 14 12 $ Billions
• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada.
Exports
20
• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada.
• Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada.
Imports
10 8
TRADE Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Aliquam aliquam nunc ut augue venenatis, nec dignissim quam malesuada. Praesent non placerat sem. Aliquam lacinia suscipit enim et convallis. Nam accumsan pretium est a pulvinar. Nunc vulputate arcu quis nisi tempus,
6 4 2 0
’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Source: WISERTrade from US Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Division data