We’re thrilled to have you back for another edition!
In this issue, we shine our ‘breed spotlight’ on the delightful Havanese, a small but spirited companion with an irresistibly silky coat.
For puppy parents, we’ve compiled 25 essential tips to help you navigate the joys and challenges of raising a young dog. Plus, we explore creative ways to keep your pup entertained indoors when circumstances call for a little homebound fun.
On the health front, we tackle some key topics, including the dreaded parvovirus, leptospirosis, and doggy dandruff. We also delve into the benefits of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics for digestive health and share expert advice on how to outsmart even the most stubborn dog when it comes to administering medication.
There’s something for every dog owner in this edition, and we hope you enjoy every page.
Happy reading!
Dr Lizzie Harrison | Editor
DIGITAL ISSUE 12C | 2025
The Havanese
The charming companion with a silky coat
Puppy parenting
Our top 25 tips for raising a happy, healthy puppy
Cabin fever
How to keep your dog stimulated indoors
Understanding parvovirus
Symptoms, treatment, and prevention
Prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics
Supporting your dog’s digestive health
Leptospirosis in dogs
What South African dog owners need to know
A spoonful of sugar…
Some tips and tricks for administering medication
What it is, what causes it and how you can manage it
Ask DQ
Your questions answered Products we love
Dog dandruff
The Havanese
THE CHARMING COMPANION WITH A SILKY COAT
The Havanese is a delightful and affectionate small breed that has captured the hearts of dog lovers worldwide. Known for its luxurious coat, cheerful disposition, and high intelligence, this breed is an excellent choice for families, singles, and seniors alike. Let’s take a closer look at what makes the Havanese such a special companion.
HISTORY
The Havanese is the national dog of Cuba, with a lineage dating back to the 16th century. Originally bred as companions for Cuban aristocrats, these dogs were cherished for their affectionate nature and charming appearance. The breed is believed to have descended from the now-extinct Blanquito de la Habana, which itself was a descendant of the Bichon family. During the Cuban Revolution, many Havanese owners fled the country, bringing their beloved dogs with them, helping to preserve the breed outside of Cuba.
DISTINCTIVE APPEARANCE
One of the most notable features of the Havanese is his long, silky, double coat, which can be straight, wavy, or curly. This breed comes in a variety of colours, including white, black, fawn, chocolate, and combinations of these. Despite their long coats, Havanese are
hypoallergenic, making them an excellent choice for allergy sufferers. Regular grooming is, however, essential to prevent tangles and mats. The plumed tail is carried arched forward up over the back. The breed displays a unique springy gait, which is considered essential to ‘type’.
DID YOU KNOW?
Some owners enjoy cording the Havanese’s coat, in the manner of a Puli. Others clip the coat short to avoid too much grooming.
FAST FACT
The American Kennel Club gives the breed 5/5 for level of family affection, 5/5 for being good with young children and 5/5 for being good with other dogs.
PERSONALITY AND TEMPERAMENT
Havanese dogs are affectionate, playful, and highly social. They thrive on human interaction and do not like being left alone for long periods. Their friendly nature makes them
excellent companions for children and other pets. They are known for their intelligence and eagerness to please, making them highly trainable. Many Havanese excel in dog sports such as agility and obedience.
EXERCISE NEEDS
Despite their small size, Havanese are energetic and require daily exercise to stay happy and healthy. A mix of playtime, short walks, and mental stimulation through training or puzzle toys is ideal. However, the
American Kennel Club (AKC) note that whilst the breed has moderate exercise needs, these dogs should never be over-exercised, whatever their age. In the words of the AKC, ‘if they are panting and struggling to keep up, it is time to go home.’
DID YOU KNOW?
The breed can be prone to carrying extra weight so ensure you are feeding your dog a balanced diet in appropriate quantities. Beware of feeding too many treats!
HEALTH AND CARE
Havanese are generally a healthy breed with a lifespan of 14-16 years. However, they can be prone to certain genetic conditions, such as hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, deafness, and eye disorders.
Regular vet check-ups, a nutritious diet, and proper dental care help maintain their well-being. Their coats require frequent brushing to avoid mats, and many owners opt for professional grooming to keep them looking their best.
If you’re looking for a devoted, intelligent, and affectionate companion, the Havanese could be the perfect addition to your family. They do best in homes where they
companionship; they are a breed full of personality, intelligence, and unwavering loyalty. If you’re ready for a dog that will become an integral part of your family, the Havanese might just be the perfect match.
PUPPY PARENTING
OUR TOP 25 TIPS FOR RAISING A HAPPY,
HEALTHY PUPPY
Bringing home a new puppy is an exciting and rewarding experience, but it also comes with challenges. To help you navigate puppyhood successfully, here are 25 essential tips for raising a happy, healthy dog:
1
PUPPY-PROOF YOUR HOME
Remove toxic plants, electrical cords, and small objects that could be swallowed to create a safe environment for bringing your pup home.
2
ESTABLISH A ROUTINE
Consistency helps puppies feel secure. Set regular times for feeding, bathroom breaks, playtime, and naps.
SOCIALISATION IS KEY
Expose your puppy to different people, environments, and sounds early to reduce the risk that they develop fearfulness and anxiety later on.
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT TRAINING
Reward good behaviour with treats, praise, and affection. Avoid punishment-based training.
5
HOUSE TRAINING REQUIRES
CONSISTENCY
Take your puppy outside frequently to the same spot, especially after meals and naps. Reward them when they eliminate in the right spot.
6
PROVIDE CHEW TOYS
Puppies teethe just like babies. Offer appropriate chew toys to prevent destructive chewing on furniture or shoes.
FEED A HIGH QUALITY DIET, BUT DO NOT OVERFEED
Choose a nutritious, balanced puppy food suitable for their breed, age and size. Feed the appropriate quantity and if you are concerned about weight, chat to your vet.
SCHEDULE VET VISITS
Regular check-ups, vaccinations, and parasite control keep your puppy healthy and up to date on preventive care.
TEACH BASIC COMMANDS EARLY
Start with simple commands like sit, stay, and come and reward any progress with treats, praise and affection. Early training helps later on.
ENCOURAGE INDEPENDENCE
Help prevent separation anxiety by leaving your puppy alone for short periods (in a safe place) and gradually increasing the time.
SUPERVISE PLAYTIME
Monitor interactions with children and other pets to ensure everyone plays safely and respectfully. Avoid rough play as this can become difficult to manage as your puppy grows.
BE MINDFUL OF EXERCISE NEEDS
Puppies need exercise but it is essential that you avoid overexercising young puppies, especially large breeds, to protect their developing joints.
LIMIT STAIRS AND JUMPING FOR YOUNG
PUPPIES
Excessive jumping or stair use can harm growing joints.
GROOMING IS IMPORTANT
Introduce brushing, bathing, and nail trimming early so your puppy gets used to being handled.
PROVIDE MENTAL STIMULATION
Use puzzle toys, treat dispensers, and new experiences to keep your puppy mentally engaged and prevent boredom.
USE A CRATE WISELY
A crate is a useful training tool when used properly. Never use it as punishment, but rather as a safe space that your puppy enjoys having time to relax in.
BE CONSISTENT WITH RULES
Decide house rules early (e.g., no jumping on furniture) and ensure all family members enforce them consistently.
AVOID OVERFEEDING TREATS
Treats should make up no more than 10% of your puppy’s diet to prevent obesity.
INVEST IN A GOOD HARNESS
A properly fitted harness helps keep your puppy safe during walks and outings.
KEEP YOUR HARNESS AND LEAD OUT OF REACH
Keep the lead and harness out of reach of your pup outside of walk times, to avoid them becoming ‘toys’ and encouraging ‘tug of war’ type behaviours when wearing a lead.
LEARN TO READ BODY LANGUAGE
Understanding your puppy’s signals helps you recognise when they are stressed, happy, or need a break. ‘Listening’ to them in this way helps build a long lasting trusting relationship.
ENROL IN PUPPY CLASSES
Group training classes provide socialisation and reinforce good manners in a structured setting.
PREVENT RESOURCE GUARDING
Gently train your puppy to share food, toys, and space to prevent guarding behaviours.
KEEP TRAINING SESSIONS SHORT
Puppies have short attention spans – train in brief, engaging sessions.
BE PREPARED FOR EMERGENCIES
Know the signs of illness and have a plan for emergency care, including knowing the nearest 24-hour vet.
Cabin fever
HOW TO KEEP YOUR DOG STIMULATED INDOORS
Keeping your dog mentally stimulated is just as important as physical exercise, especially when spending time indoors due to bad weather, busy schedules, or other restrictions. A bored dog can develop destructive behaviours, anxiety, or restlessness, so engaging their mind is essential for their well-being. Here are some effective ways to keep your dog mentally stimulated indoors.
1. Puzzle toys
Puzzle toys and treat-dispensing toys challenge your dog’s brain and encourage problem-solving. These toys come in various levels of
difficulty, keeping your pup engaged for extended periods. Slow feeders and snuffle mats also turn mealtime into an enriching activity.
2. Training and trick learning
Teaching your dog new tricks or reinforcing old ones is a fantastic way to keep their mind active. Even simple commands like ‘sit,’ ‘stay,’ and ‘paw’ can be fun with positive reinforcement. Advanced tricks like rolling over, playing dead, or fetching specific items add an extra layer of challenge.
3. Nose work and scent games
Dogs rely heavily on their sense of smell, and scent-based games can provide excellent mental stimulation. Hide treats or favourite toys around
the house and encourage your dog to find them using their nose. You can also play ‘which hand’ games by concealing a treat in one hand and letting your dog sniff it out.
4. Food-based enrichment activities
Licking and chewing are naturally soothing for dogs. Offer frozen treats, stuffed Kongs, or safe chew
toys filled with peanut butter or yoghurt to keep them occupied. This not only provides a mental workout but also helps with stress relief.
5. Indoor obstacle courses
Create a fun indoor agility course using household items like chairs, cushions, and tunnels. Guide your dog through the course using treats or commands, and gradually increase the difficulty level for a more engaging challenge.
6. Interactive playtime
Games like tug-of-war, hide-andseek, and fetch (if space allows) are great ways to keep your dog mentally and physically engaged. Rotate toys frequently to maintain novelty and excitement.
7. Music and TV for dogs
Calming music or dog-friendly
TV shows can provide passive enrichment, especially for dogs
that suffer from separation anxiety. Certain channels even offer visuals and sounds designed to capture a dog’s attention.
8. Social interaction and bonding
Spending quality time with your dog through petting, talking, and cuddling strengthens your bond and
provides emotional enrichment. Practising relaxation techniques or canine massage can also be beneficial.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Mental stimulation is essential for a happy and well-balanced dog. By incorporating a variety of engaging activities into your dog’s indoor routine, you can prevent boredom,
reduce anxiety, and enhance their overall quality of life. The key is variety and consistency—keeping things interesting will ensure your pup remains entertained and fulfilled, no matter the circumstances.
UNDERSTANDING PARVOVIRUS
SYMPTOMS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION
Parvovirus, commonly known as parvo, is one of the most dangerous and deadly diseases affecting puppies. This highly contagious virus attacks the gastrointestinal system, leading to severe illness and, in many cases, death if not treated promptly. Understanding parvo, its symptoms, and how to prevent it can help dog owners protect their pets from this devastating disease.
WHAT IS PARVOVIRUS?
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious viral illness that primarily affects puppies and unvaccinated dogs. The virus spreads through direct contact with an infected dog or indirect contact with contaminated objects, such as food bowls, bedding, and even human clothing and shoes. The virus is known for its resilience, surviving in the environment for months, making outbreaks difficult to control.
ABOUT THE VIRUS
Parvovirus is a small, nonenveloped DNA virus belonging to the Parvoviridae family. Specifically, canine parvovirus (CPV) is classified as a singlestranded DNA virus that primarily targets rapidly dividing cells, such as those in the intestines, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues. Its structure makes it highly resistant to environmental factors, allowing it to survive on surfaces for extended periods and making decontamination challenging. Unlike some viruses, parvovirus does not have an outer lipid envelope, which contributes to its resilience against disinfectants and harsh conditions.
PARVOVIRUS IN ADULT DOGS
While parvovirus is most commonly associated with puppies, adult dogs can also contract the virus, especially if they are unvaccinated or have a weakened immune system. Symptoms in adult dogs are often
milder than in puppies, but in severe cases, they can experience the same life-threatening effects. Senior dogs and those with underlying health conditions are particularly at risk. Vaccination remains crucial for adult dogs to prevent infection and reduce the severity of the disease.
SYMPTOMS
OF PARVO IN PUPPIES AND ADULT DOGS
Parvo manifests through a range of symptoms that worsen rapidly. If your dog shows any of the following signs, immediate veterinary attention is crucial:
• Severe vomiting – Continuous and forceful vomiting, often with a foul smell.
• Diarrhoea (often bloody) –Frequent, watery, and foul-smelling stools that may contain blood.
• Lethargy – Extreme tiredness and reluctance to move.
• Loss of appetite – Refusal to eat or drink.
• Fever or low body temperature – Fever may occur initially, but as the disease progresses, the dog’s body temperature may drop dangerously low.
• Dehydration – Resulting from vomiting and diarrhoea, dehydration can quickly become life-threatening.
PARVOVIRUS IN PUPPIES VS ADULT DOGS
Parvovirus is generally more severe in puppies than in adult dogs, as puppies have underdeveloped immune systems, making them more vulnerable to the virus’s effects. Puppies therefore often experience more intense symptoms from the infection, such as severe dehydration and lifethreatening complications, which can lead to a higher mortality rate. While adult dogs can contract parvo, they usually have stronger immune defences, especially if they are vaccinated. Symptoms in adult dogs tend to be milder, and their chances of survival are higher with prompt veterinary care. However, unvaccinated adult dogs, senior dogs, or those with weakened immune systems remain at risk for severe illness.
DIAGNOSIS OF PARVO
A vet will diagnose parvo based on symptoms, history, and laboratory tests. A faecal test can detect the presence of the virus, while blood tests may reveal low white blood cell counts, a common indicator of severe infections.
TREATMENT FOR PARVO
There is no direct cure for parvo, but with intensive supportive care, many dogs can survive. Treatment usually involves:
• Hospitalisation – In severe cases, dogs require round-the-clock vet care.
• Intravenous fluids – To combat dehydration and maintain electrolyte balance.
• Medications – Anti-nausea drugs, antibiotics to prevent secondary infections, and pain relief.
• Nutritional support – Dogs may need feeding via a tube or syringe to maintain strength.
Even with aggressive treatment, survival rates vary depending on the severity of the infection and how quickly veterinary care is sought.
Dogs that survive the critical first few days have a better chance of recovery.
PREVENTING PARVO
Prevention is far more effective than treatment when it comes to parvo. Here’s how you can protect your dog:
• Vaccination – Puppies should receive their first parvo vaccine at 6–8 weeks old, with booster shots at 10–12 weeks and 14–16 weeks. A final booster at one year and continued annual vaccinations are essential. Adult dogs should receive regular booster shots to maintain immunity.
• Limit exposure – Avoid taking unvaccinated dogs to public places such as dog parks, pet stores, or other high-risk areas.
• Disinfection – Regularly clean areas where your dog eats, sleeps, and plays using a disinfectant that kills parvovirus (such as diluted bleach solutions).
• Responsible breeding practices
– Ensure that breeders vaccinate their litters before selling puppies to new owners.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Parvovirus is a deadly but preventable disease. By vaccinating your dog, maintaining good hygiene, and seeking immediate veterinary care
if symptoms appear, you can greatly increase your pet’s chances of a healthy and happy life. If you suspect your dog has parvo, act fast – early intervention is key to survival.
PROBIOTICS, AND POSTBIOTIC
SUPPORTING YOUR DOG’S DIGESTIVE HEALTH
Ahealthy gut is essential for overall well-being, and just like in humans, the balance of bacteria in your dog’s digestive system plays a crucial role in maintaining gut health. Prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics each contribute
to establishing, re-establishing or maintaining digestive health for our canine companions. Understanding the differences between these three ‘biotics’ can help dog owners make informed decisions about their pet’s nutrition and well-being.
LACTOBACILLUS
BIFIDOBACTERIUM
PROBIOTICS: THE BENEFICIAL BACTERIAL
Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria that support the balance of gut flora. These microorganisms aid digestion, enhance nutrient absorption, and help prevent harmful bacteria from overgrowing within the digestive tract. Many probiotics belong to the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium families, which are commonly found in fermented foods and supplements.
For dogs, probiotics can be particularly useful after a course of antibiotics, which can disrupt the natural gut flora, or during times of stress, which may lead to digestive issues like diarrhoea. They also contribute to a stronger immune system by interacting with the gutassociated lymphoid tissue (GALT), a key component of immune defence.
PREBIOTICS: THE FUEL FOR THE GOOD BACTERIA
Prebiotics are non-digestible fibres that serve as ‘food’ for beneficial bacteria. Unlike probiotics, which introduce new bacteria to the gut, prebiotics help nourish and support the growth of the beneficial bacteria already present (or those introduced through the addition of probiotics).
Common prebiotics include:
• Inulin
• Fructooligosaccharides (FOS)
• Galactooligosaccharides (GOS)
These fibres are naturally found in foods like bananas, chicory root, garlic, and certain whole grains. When prebiotics are included in a dog’s diet, they promote a stable and healthy gut environment, supporting digestion and reducing the risk of gastrointestinal disorders.
POSTBIOTICS: THE END PRODUCTS OF FERMENTATION
Postbiotics are the bioactive compounds produced when probiotics break down prebiotics. These substances include shortchain fatty acids (SCFAs), enzymes, peptides, and other metabolites that benefit the health of the gut and immune system.
Key benefits of postbiotics for dogs include:
• Strengthening the gut barrier to prevent harmful pathogens from entering the bloodstream
• Reducing inflammation in the digestive tract
• Enhancing immune function
Unlike probiotics, which, as living organisms, need to survive the journey through the digestive tract, postbiotics are stable and effective even in supplement form, making them an emerging focus in pet nutrition.
HOW TO SUPPORT YOUR DOG’S GUT HEALTH
Ensuring your dog has a wellbalanced gut microbiome involves a combination of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics. Many high-quality commercial dog foods and supplements now include these components as standard. If you’re considering adding them to your dog’s diet, consult a vet to find the best option based on your pet’s specific needs.
Maintaining a healthy gut microbiome not only improves digestion but also contributes to overall health, including skin condition, immune function, and even mood. By incorporating prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics into your dog’s routine, you’re setting him up for a healthier, happier life!
LEPTOSPIROSIS IN DOGS
WHAT SOUTH AFRICAN DOG OWNERS NEED TO KNOW
Leptospirosis is a serious bacterial infection that affects dogs, wildlife, and even humans. With South Africa’s warm climate and frequent rainfall in some regions, conditions are ideal for the spread of this disease. As a responsible dog owner, understanding leptospirosis, how it spreads, and how to prevent it can help protect your canine companion.
WHAT IS LEPTOSPIROSIS?
Leptospirosis is caused by bacteria of the Leptospira genus. These bacteria thrive in wet environments and are commonly found in water sources contaminated by the urine of infected animals, such as rodents,
livestock, and wildlife. Dogs become infected when they drink, swim in, or walk through contaminated water or soil. The bacteria enter the body through mucous membranes (such as the eyes, nose, or mouth) or small cuts in the skin.
SYMPTOMS
Leptospirosis can affect multiple organs, including the liver and kidneys, and symptoms may range from mild to severe. Watch for the following signs:
• Fever and lethargy
• Vomiting and diarrhoea
• Loss of appetite
• Increased thirst and urination (a sign of kidney involvement)
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and gums)
• Muscle pain and reluctance to move
• Difficulty breathing
In severe cases, leptospirosis can lead to kidney or liver failure, which can be fatal if left untreated.
DIAGNOSIS
If your dog shows any of the above symptoms, especially after exposure to potentially contaminated water, consult your vet immediately. Diagnosis involves blood tests and urine analysis to detect the bacteria or measure antibody levels.
TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS
Leptospirosis is treated with antibiotics, usually doxycycline or penicillin-based medications. Dogs with severe infections may require hospitalisation, intravenous fluids, and supportive care. Early treatment increases the chances of recovery, but some dogs may suffer long-term kidney or liver damage.
PREVENTING LEPTOSPIROSIS IN DOGS
Prevention is key to keeping your dog safe from leptospirosis. Here’s how you can reduce the risk:
• Vaccination: The leptospirosis vaccine is available and recommended for dogs at risk, particularly those living in highrisk areas or those that frequently swim in lakes, rivers, or dams.
• Rodent control: Keep your home
and garden free from rodents, as they are common carriers of leptospirosis.
• Avoid stagnant water: Prevent your dog from drinking or playing in stagnant or potentially contaminated water.
• Good hygiene practices: Wash your hands thoroughly after handling your dog, especially if they have been exposed to water or mud outdoors.
CAN LEPTOSPIROSIS SPREAD TO HUMANS?
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can spread from animals to humans. People can become infected through contact with contaminated water, soil, or infected animal urine. Symptoms in humans resemble those of a flu-like illness but can escalate to severe complications. If your dog is diagnosed with leptospirosis, follow strict hygiene measures and consult a doctor if you develop symptoms.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Leptospirosis is a dangerous but preventable disease. South African dog owners should be aware of the risks, especially in areas with high rainfall and standing water. By vaccinating your dog, avoiding contaminated water, and maintaining good hygiene, you can significantly reduce the risk of infection and keep both your pet and your family safe.
A SPOONFUL OF SUGAR…
SOME TIPS AND TRICKS FOR ADMINISTERING MEDICATION
Administering medication to a dog can be a challenging task, especially if your pup is reluctant or suspicious. However, with the right techniques and a bit of patience, you can make the process smoother for both you and your furry friend. Here are some of the best ways to give your dog medication, whether in pill, liquid, or topical form.
1.
GIVING YOUR
DOG PILLS HIDING PILLS IN FOOD
One of the easiest ways to give your dog a pill is to disguise it in a tasty treat. Try these options:
• Pill pockets: Specially designed soft treats with a built-in pocket for medication.
• Peanut butter: A small amount of xylitol-free peanut butter can mask the pill’s taste.
• Cheese or meat: A piece of cheese, deli meat, or cooked chicken can easily hide the pill.
• Canned dog food: Mixing the pill into wet food may help disguise it.
HAND-ADMINISTERING A PILL
If your dog refuses to take a pill in food, you may need to place it directly in their mouth:
1. Hold your dog’s upper jaw with one hand and tilt their head slightly upward.
2. Use your other hand to gently open their lower jaw.
3. Place the pill as far back on the tongue as possible.
4. Close their mouth and hold it shut while gently massaging their throat to encourage swallowing.
5. O ffer a small treat afterward as a reward to help make the process smoother next time.
USING A PILL DISPENSER
A pill dispenser (also called a pill popper) is a useful tool to safely insert a pill into your dog’s mouth without risking a bite. Simply load the pill into the dispenser, place it in the back of the throat, and press the plunger to release the pill.
2. ADMINISTERING LIQUID MEDICATION
Liquid medication is often prescribed for dogs who have trouble swallowing pills. Here’s how to do it effectively:
• Use a syringe or dropper: Your vet will usually provide a syringe or dropper for accurate dosing.
• Position your dog: Hold your dog’s head slightly tilted but not too far back to avoid choking.
• Administer slowly: Place the syringe inside the cheek pouch and slowly squirt the liquid.
• Reward your dog: Give a treat or praise afterward to make future doses easier.
3. APPLYING TOPICAL MEDICATION
Some medications, such as ointments, creams, or spot-on flea treatments, require skin or ear application. Follow these steps for a smooth process:
• Read instructions carefully: Ensure the area is clean and dry before applying.
• Distract your dog: Keep them occupied with treats or a chew toy.
• Apply in a calm setting: Avoid applying when your dog is overly excited or restless.
• Prevent licking: Some dogs may try to lick off the medication. Use an Elizabethan collar (cone) if needed.
4. ADMINISTERING EYE OR EAR DROPS
Eye and ear medications can be tricky, but these tips can help:
• For eye drops:
1. Hold your dog’s head steady and gently pull down the lower eyelid.
2. Apply the prescribed number of drops into the eye.
3. Reward with a treat and praise.
• For ear drops:
4. Gently clean the ear if instructed by your vet.
5. Hold the ear flap up and apply the drops.
6. Massage the base of the ear to distribute the medication.
CREATING A POSITIVE EXPERIENCE
Regardless of the method, making medication time a positive experience is key:
• Stay calm: Dogs can sense frustration or nervousness, so approach the process with confidence.
• Use praise and rewards: Reinforce good behaviour with treats, affection, or playtime.
• Practice regular handling: Get your dog used to having their mouth, ears, and paws handled to make administering medication easier in the future.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Giving medication to your dog doesn’t have to be a struggle. With patience, practice, and the right techniques, you can ensure your pup gets the treatment they need without stress. If you continue to have trouble, consult your vet for
alternative options, such as flavoured medications or compounding services that turn pills into liquids or treats.
By making medication time a positive experience, you can help your dog stay happy and healthy with minimal fuss!
Dog dandruff
WHAT IT IS, WHAT CAUSES IT AND HOW YOU CAN MANAGE IT
Just like humans, dogs can suffer from dandruff – a condition where dry, flaky skin sheds from their coat. While a few flakes here and there might not be a cause for concern, persistent dandruff could
indicate an underlying issue that needs attention. In this article, we’ll explore what dog dandruff looks like, its possible causes, when to worry, and how to manage it effectively.
WHAT DOES DOG DANDRUFF LOOK LIKE?
Dog dandruff appears as small, white flakes in your pet’s fur, often more noticeable on darker-coloured coats. It may be accompanied by dry
or itchy skin, excessive shedding, and, in some cases, redness or irritation. If your dog is scratching frequently or seems uncomfortable, dandruff might be contributing to their discomfort.
COMMON CAUSES
Dandruff in dogs can stem from several factors, including:
• Dry skin – Dry indoor air, cold weather, or inadequate hydration can lead to flaky skin.
• Poor diet – A lack of essential fatty acids and proper nutrition can affect skin health.
• Allergies – Environmental or food allergies can cause flaky, irritated skin.
• Parasites – Mites, fleas, and other pests can cause dandruff-like
symptoms, especially in conditions like Cheyletiellosis (often called ‘walking dandruff’).
• Skin infections – Bacterial or fungal infections may result in excessive flaking and irritation.
• Underlying health conditions – Issues such as hypothyroidism or seborrhoea (a skin disorder causing excess oil production) can contribute to dandruff.
• Poor grooming habits – Infrequent brushing or bathing with harsh shampoos may dry out your dog’s skin.
WHEN SHOULD YOU WORRY ABOUT DOG DANDRUFF?
Occasional dandruff is usually harmless, but there are times when it signals a more serious problem. Consult your vet if:
• Your dog is excessively scratching, licking, or biting at their skin.
• Sores, redness, or a bad odour
accompany the dandruff.
• There are signs of hair loss or unusual patches on their coat.
• The flakes appear greasy or crusty, indicating a possible infection or medical condition.
• You notice other symptoms like lethargy, weight loss, or behavioural changes.
HOW TO MANAGE AND TREAT DOG DANDRUFF
If your dog’s dandruff isn’t linked to an underlying illness, there are several ways to help keep their skin healthy:
• Improve their diet – Ensure your dog’s food contains high-quality proteins, omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, and essential vitamins.
• Regular grooming – Brush your dog’s coat frequently to remove dead skin and distribute natural oils.
• Proper hydration – Make sure your dog has access to clean water at all times.
• Use the right shampoo – Opt for moisturising, hypoallergenic, or medicated shampoos as recommended by your vet.
• Control parasites – Keep up with flea and mite prevention to avoid infestations.
• Increase humidity indoors –Running a humidifier in dry seasons can prevent skin dryness.
FINAL THOUGHTS
Dog dandruff is a common issue but can usually be managed with the proper care and attention. By keeping an eye on your dog’s skin health, providing a balanced diet, and regularly grooming your dog, you
can help prevent and treat dandruff effectively. However, if your dog’s condition worsens or doesn’t improve with at-home care, seeking veterinary advice is the best course of action. Your furry friend deserves to feel comfortable and itch-free!
YOUR DOG QUESTIONS ANSWERED
My Labrador loves swimming, but I’ve heard that too much water exposure can lead to ear infections. How can I prevent this?
You’re absolutely right—water-loving breeds like Labradors are prone to ear infections due to moisture getting trapped in their ears, creating a perfect environment for bacteria and yeast to thrive. After each swim, gently dry your dog’s ears
with a soft towel and consider using a vetapproved ear cleaner to remove excess moisture. When removing moisture, never put anything into the ear canal (unless instructed by a vet), as this can push debris further in and exacerbate the issue. Just dry the ears as best you can, which should help keep infections at bay.
However, if you notice a bad smell, excessive head shaking, or redness inside the ears, it’s best to see your vet for treatment.
My dog seems scared of thunderstorms. How can I help him stay calm?
Thunderstorm anxiety is common in dogs, especially with the sudden weather changes and extreme storms we experience in South Africa. To help your dog feel safer, create a quiet, secure space where they can retreat during storms—this could be a cozy
corner with a blanket or even a crate covered with a cloth to muffle the noise. Playing calming music or using a white noise machine can also help. If their anxiety is severe, speak to your vet about anxiety wraps, pheromone diffusers, or calming supplements.
Eating too quickly can lead to digestive issues, choking, and even a dangerous condition called bloat. To slow your dog down, try using a slow-feeder bowl, which has ridges that make them work
splitting meals into smaller portions and feeding them throughout the day can also help. Ensuring they stay calm before meals and don’t feel rushed can go a long way in preventing fast eating.
I love walking my dog, but he pulls a lot on the lead. How can I teach him to walk with me rather than towing me along?
Lead pulling is a common problem, but with consistency and patience, you can teach your dog to walk with you rather than pulling you. Start by using a front-clip harness, which discourages pulling, and reinforce
walking alongside you by rewarding correct behaviour with treats and praise. If your dog pulls while walking, stop immediately – only continue when they relax the tension on the leash and then reward them when they walk nicely by your side again. Short training sessions in lowdistraction areas will help your dog understand what you are asking, and over time, you can build up to longer walks or walks in busier areas.
Products we love
Shopping fun
PaleoPet Pure 100% Green Beef Tripe for Dogs
Humans may find tripe to be somewhat of an acquired taste (and smell), but dogs absolutely love it! Our tripe has been thoroughly washed and cleaned for you, while retaining all the nutrition of unbleached tripe. It’s easy to serve and store and has so many health benefits for adult and senior dogs especially.
to no carbohydrate, moderate protein and high fat. Tripe can also entice dogs who may not feel all that well and are reticent to eat.
Our 100% Green Beef Tripe (and nothing else) is made from the best quality local beef with no preservatives, colourants or artificial flavourants.
Tripe is rich in trace minerals, while moderate in protein and fat. It is a great complementary raw food addition to a diet for dogs who may struggle with constipation or need foods that are easier to digest. Tripe doesn’t contain any bone, but still maintains a perfect calcium phosphorus balance, which is rare for animal protein without bone content.
Tripe can be used as a basis for a ketogenic diet for dogs with cancer or epilepsy where one should feed low
The PaleoPet Pure range is FSA Food Safety certified and DALRRD registered. Also available in convenient, pre-frozen 1,5 Kg and 750g tubs or as a box of 12 individually wrapped 100g Patties. The tubs are reusable, recyclable and PBA-free.
Products can be purchased online at www.paleopetpure.com and delivered to your door or bought at selected retailers.
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