Holly Sandberg
MOONCEPTION Home for five researchers and destination for ten tourists
Rick Guidice - Untitled (Depiction of an Oneill Cylinder)
Space travel has long occupied the public unconscious. Spaceships and space stations have a unique identity, needing to look a certain way in order for their purpose to be recognized. This theory is not to be ignored, but embraced. The slick interiors and control panels are something tourists would want to see in a hotel room on the moon.
Die Wolke (The Cloud) - Coop Himmelblau
Rick Guidice - Untitled (Depiction of an Oneill Cylinder)
Rick Guidice - Untitled (Depiction of a Stanford Torus)
Architectural theorists have always been intrigued by how to curate a specific experience. Coop Himmelblau and HausRucker-Co specifically set out to create spaces that could be set up and taken down in a matter of minutes, testing the limits of pop-up construction. Both groups theorized that architecture isn’t the shell, it’s the space within.
Designing a structure to be built in space requires not only the design of a structure to fit the public’s aesthetic expectations but also the feasibility of construction. It must be able to be put together with the least amount of construction equipment possible.
Die Wolke (The Cloud) - Coop Himmelblau
Leisuretime Explosion - Haus-Rucker-Co’s Pneumacosm
Space Station Interior - Mattia Lorenzetti
Antarctic research stations were studied to be not only precedents for scientific research in extreme environments, but also as successful closed loop systems that deter cabin fever. Spain’s antarctic research station, Juan Carlos 1 was described as being “a station where light and space are crafted around human activity” by architect Hugh Broughton.
Juan Carlos 1 - Hugh Broughton Architects
Star Trek The Next Generation - Engineering
The Nakagin capsule tower was designed at the height of the metabolist movement. Individual capsules could be added, moved, or removed. This modularity greatly influenced the design of the moon base project.
Nakagin Capsule Tower - Kisho Kurokawa
Star Trek Voyager - Transporter Room
Each capsule of the Nakagin tower was designed with extreme efficiency in mind. Desks, beds, utilities, and cabinets are all designed to be used interchangeably, allowing for a minimal room footprint.
Nakagin Capsule Tower - Capsule Interior
Forced interaction with green spaces throughout the building section improves the mental health of the researchers living far from home. The gardens are filled with tower gardens, making the most use of the footprint they are given. Each garden system uses 10% of the land required for traditional farmland. These vertical gardens would provide all of the oxygen and food required by the station.
The joy of micro gravity allows for the researchers and tourists alike to play. Playing makes us human, and being on the moon shouldn’t change that. It keeps the users healthy in both body and mind. The top floor is an observatory, accessible to tourist and researcher alike. At the other end, the bottom floor hosts the tourist spaces that play up the novelty of space tourism. They are constantly reminding the tourists of the danger and thrill that space travel brings.
Researcher bedrooms are more spacious, allowing them to be more comfortable in the station they now call home. The base is primarily designed for the researcher’s. The research conducted here will be of extreme importance and their mental and physical wellness
Tourist bedrooms are designed to be as cutting edge as possible and play into the fantastical aspect of space travel. They are taking aspects from science fiction novels, movies, shows, etc.
FOOD HUB Community Food hub for Oklahoma City
Fractalization drove the development of the architectural autonomous form. It starts with a diagram depicting the phenomena of radial acceleration. The further one gets from the center of rotation, the less acceleration is felt; given that the velocity is constant. The radius of the points are determined by what the radial acceleration would be at that distance from the center and the points are connected, giving the concept form.
The form is then added unto itself, forming a sort of triangular footprint. This form is paired with the Sierpinski Triangle, a fractal defined by an equilateral triangle. This allows the form to be repeated in as many iterations while still retaining the original outline.
The design build studio had to adapt to an oncoming pandemic and our designs autonomous forms were then derived from paper. The panels require a substructure for support. The original solution was to create beams in the shape of the autonomous form. This works so long as the pentagonal shape won’t be repeated. The structure is then developed into a repeatable system.
The paper form with structure, formed into an icosohedron
The panel design comes from the autonomous form. It lends itself to a positive and a negative expression. The two forms, along with a neutral solid panel are used to express interior functions on the exterior.
The primary framing consists of cambered beams connected to columns. Beams are connected by welded plate to bolted web connection. The beams themselves are cambered with the bottom flanges having a greater curve. This is to provide more depth at the connections, where the shear will be greatest.
Cladding diagram detailing the construction of the facade system and kit of parts. The secondary framing’s purpose is to connect the cladding system to the primary structure. This triangular grid system is comprised of extruded aluminum and the triangular facade panels then attach to that system.
Explodometric detailing primary framing system, secondary framing system, and cladding system.
HOPE CENTER Renovation of the Gold Dome Bank in Oklahoma City
Original photo of lobby with closed off ceiling.
New lobby space with open ceiling and lighting.
3 1/2” Metal Studs Batt Insulation 5/8” Sheetrock Finished Aluminum Panel and Mullion
Acoustic Panels Arched Trusses
Exploded wall section showing the new truss system to augment the existing structural aluminum panel system. This allows for the attachment of insulation and acoustic panels.
Triangular Glass Panels
Rigid Insulation Anodized Aluminum Panels Compression Strut System
Existing ceiling with wasted attic space
The site plan is laid out to mimic the plan of the gold dome. The parking lot and most of the walkable site is paved with permeable pavers to help with drainage, mitigate the heat island effect, and also recharge the water table. The play area is flanked by trees and foliage to protect children from sound pollution and unwanted attention from the busy streets. The overlap between circles results in material change to further emphasize the circular concept.
Play Area Mulch Gravel Permeable Pavers Grass Tall prairie grass
FIRE STATION Fire station for Soweto, South Africa
As the fire station would be built in South Africa, availability and constructibility were key factors. The soil on site is a gorgeous clay, providing both color and the necessary cohesive properties.
Rammed earth could be stabilized with cement and rebar, able to be used as load bearing and shear walls. This allow the rammed earth to be not only an aesthetic choice, but a structural one.
Using the soil from the site to become the walls allowed an energy offset from the typical site preparation. Despite using similar materials as concrete, the embodied carbon is much lower.
“Rammed Earth” - Endeavour Centre
“SIREWALL Inspiration Kit” - SIREWALL
“How Rammed Earth Walls are Built” - ArchDaily
https://www.flickr.com/photos/156177753@ N02/35556813665/
http://hobbithouseinc.com/personal/woodpics/ eucalypts.htm
Locally sourced timber was found in one company near the site, GS Timbers. They offered different species of eucalyptus timbers. The species of choice became Eucalyptus Cloeziana
E. Cloeziana has unique structural properties as a hardwood. It displays properties of a D50 wood, not in use with the timber code used in the States.
The species of eucalyptus grows twice as fast as Douglas fir, a species typically used in timber construction. It also sequesters twice the amount of carbon as fir.
“Eucalyptus Cloeziana” - GS Timbers
“Eucalyptus Cloeziana” - John Innes
Eucalyptus Cloeziana - Hobbit House Inc.
The program was laid out in two angled groups. To support this while also assuring the grids would line up, they were placed according to 3-4-5 and 5-6-13 right triangles.
1 2
A
3 4 5 6 7 B
8 9
48’
52’ - 0”
- 0”
E
20’
- 0”
12’ 0”
-5 3-4
0” 16’ -
5-
6-
20’
13
- 0” F
C 17 16 15 14 13
D 12 11 10
18
19
20
Supporting 5 different roof heights created the challenge of distributing seismic forces within the 5 zones. Curved roofs similarly required wind uplift to be checked among 3 different zones on each different roof. Using RISA, a bay model was structured for gravity loads to test the preliminary structural calculations. RISA does not support curved diaphragms, so dummy members had to be used.
A
Level 4 22'-0"
Steel saddle - both side of truss 23/32" OSB Sheathing 4x12 Purlin typ.
Timber Truss - Beyond Corrugated roof panel
Purlin strap typ.
Flashing
4 1/2" Rigid Insulation
0'-6"
0'-4"
Vapor barrier
1'-0"
Level 3 15'-0"
Eucalyptus Lath
Fiber cement panel Corrugated metal panel Level 2 11'-0"
Flashing Anchor bolt Concrete bond beam Rammed earth 14'-6"
4" Rigid Insulation
Landscape Water barrier
Fiber cement 0'-8" 0'-4" 1'-0"
Polished concrete finish
Landscape fabric
3 1/2" Composite slab
Compacted gravel
5" Rigid Insulation 10 x 18 Timber beam
Level 1 0'-0"
French drain Level 0 -2'-0"
Vapor barrier Water barrier Compacted gravel
Level Subgrade -6'-0"
A Level 4- 33' 33'- 0"
CORRUGATED METAL PANEL
A
4 1/2" RIGID INSULATION 23/32" OSB SHEATHING PURLIN STRAPS
A
1/8
14"
Level 4- 33' 33'- 0"
FIBER CEMENT SCUFF GUARD
0
6" SLAB ON GRADE 1"
0
B
Level 3- 27' 27'- 0"
6"
12" BEARING PLATE
3 S-2.02 Level 2- 23' 23'- 0"
Level 0- 10' 10'- 0" 10 S-2.02
9
1' - 0 7/8"
S-2.02
4 S-2.02
Level 1- 12' 12'- 0" Level 0- 10' 10'- 0"
Level 3- 27' 27'- 0"
The wall section to the left shows the roof sandwich, a corrugated metal panel attached to a vapor barrier, then connected to OSB panels. This system is supported by eucalyptus purlins, and finally connected to a timber truss. The connection between the timber truss and the rammed earth bearing wall is detailed above. A steel saddle is bolted into a concrete bond beam atop the rammed earth wall. The truss is then bolted to the saddle.
Level -1 - Subgrade 8' - 0"
Daylighting is a key driver in the design of the fire station, and as such, a bay model was built to test in the daylighting lab. The results are given in lumens, showing a distribution of daylight throughout the depth of the space. Overlaying that data onto the space creates a visual representation of that lighting. Rammed Earth window details were provided by SIREWALL and adapted to the project.
The first course of rammed earth is bolted to a continuous footing. As the rammed earth is stabilized with cement, it does not require any extra care where it touches the earth.