EXCLUSIVE EXCERPT
ARIANNA’S NEW BOOK: THRIVE
THE HUFFINGTON POST MAGAZINE
In Danger A Fight Unfolds Over the Fate of an Iconic Species By Kate Sheppard
FEBRUARY 23, 2014
02.23.14 #89 CONTENTS
Enter POINTERS: Ukraine in Crisis... A Damning Report JASON LINKINS: Looking Forward in Angst DATA: How to Win an Oscar Q&A: Matt LeBlanc MOVING IMAGE
THE GRIZZLIES Are we giving up on
the bears before they’re out of the woods? BY KATE SHEPPARD
Voices LEENA SULEIMAN: I Took Off My Hijab... DEAN BAKER: The Secret to Overpaid CEOs
FROM TOP: KATE SHEPHARD; CARLOS SERRAO; NY DAILY NEWS VIA GETTY IMAGES, DAMON DAHLEN
QUOTED
Exit
THRIVE Read an exclusive
excerpt from Arianna Huffington’s upcoming book.
TECH: Nice to Meet You. I’ve Already Taken Your Picture. THIRD METRIC: A 21-Year-Old Intern Had to Die to Get Wall Street to Change Its Ways EAT THIS: Say Goodbye to Soggy PB&Js MUSIC: Dog Ears
STOMPING GROUNDS A walk through iconic
places in black history, then and now. PHOTO ESSAY
TFU FROM THE EDITOR: Into the Wild ON THE COVER: Betty, a Kodiak
Bear, photography courtesy Jill Greenberg and ClampArt, NYC
LETTER FROM THE EDITOR
HUFFINGTON 02.23.14
Into the Wild N THIS WEEK’S issue, Kate Sheppard explores the fate of one of America’s most iconic species — the grizzly bear. Today, the grizzly population stands at more than 700, up from a mere 136 in 1975. As the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service prepares to potentially remove the bear from the endangered species list, some environmentalists and scientists are protesting and calling the move premature. They point to a beetle infestation that has been killing whitebark pine trees across Montana, Wyoming and Idaho, which started back in 2003 and grew to staggering levels by 2009. What
ART STREIBER
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does this mean for grizzlies? The trees produce cones that contain pine seeds, which are a source of food for the bears. The government is more optimistic about the bears’ ability to survive without whitebark. “Bears are omnivorous. They use a wide variety of foods,” said Christopher Servheen, the grizzly bear recovery coordinator for the Fish and Wildlife Service. “They’re not dependent on whitebark. They eat it when it’s available. When it’s not available, they eat other stuff.” According to some studies,
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LETTER FROM THE EDITOR
however, the pine seeds may offer unique benefits that other sources of food cannot. “If the bears can eat the pine seeds, for example,” Kate writes, “they are less likely to go foraging for other food, a search that can increase the likelihood that they will encounter humans and be killed. Other studies have found that female bears with access to whitebark pine seeds give birth to more cubs.” In our Voices section, Leena Suleiman describes the out-of-body experience she had while wearing a knit hat and scarf over her hijab. “Women would speak to me like I’d known them forever,” she writes. “Men would look at me like I was actually approachable.” For Suleiman, the moment drastically altered her entire perception of the world: “I had always thought that the type of treatment I am exposed to is just how the world is. I didn’t know that people could be nicer.” And finally, I’m excited to present an excerpt from my upcoming book, Thrive, which is about redefining success by going beyond the first two metrics of money and power and making room for a third metric based on well-being,
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As the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service prepares to potentially remove the bear from the endangered species list, some are calling the move premature.” wisdom, wonder and giving. It’s a book that’s rooted in my own personal journey, and it’s filled with tools and practical advice to help readers redefine success and live lives that are more fulfilling and more sustainable. I hope you come away from it with as much perspective as I gained while writing it.
ARIANNA
A special thanks to Jill Greenberg for the stunning grizzly bear image on this week’s Huffington cover. You can find more of her work on display at ClampArt.
POINTERS
ROMAN PILIPEY/KOMMERSANT PHOTO VIA GETTY IMAGES
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UKRAINE IN CRISIS
Unrest in Ukraine flared up again this week, leaving at least 60 people dead and hundreds wounded in the deadliest outbreak of violence since protests began three months ago. Demonstrations began in November in the capital, Kiev, after Ukraine’s president refused to sign a trade deal with the European Union and instead aligned with Russia. The recent deadly violence has stoked fears that the country could be on the brink of a civil war, and the government has cracked down on protesters. Ukraine’s security chief, Oleksander Yakimenko, announced a nationwide “anti-terrorist operation” this week, and protesters in Kiev used burning barricades Tuesday to keep police at bay. Ukrainian authorities indicated Wednesday that the violence had spread far beyond the capital, with reports of uprisings around the country.
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COMCAST-TWC FALLOUT
Experts, media organizations and consumers continued to speculate this week about what a Comcast-Time Warner Cable merger would mean for the future of Internet and television. If the two top U.S. cable service providers are combined in the proposed $42.5 billion takeover deal, the new megacorporation would control just under 30 percent of the American TV market and 38 percent of the high-speed Internet market. Some experts warned that the deal could mean slower speeds for streaming services like Netflix and Hulu, less innovation when it comes to set-top boxes, and higher prices for customers. Federal regulators still have to approve the friendly takeover before it can move forward.
DAMNING REPORT
The United Nations on Monday released a long-awaited report on North Korea, finding the authoritarian state is guilty of human rights violations “without any parallel in the contemporary world.” The 372-page document offers a devastating look into the notoriously secretive country, including allegations of “extermination, murder, enslavement, torture, imprisonment, rape” and “causing prolonged starvation.” The report has no legal implications, but it could help push the international community toward action.
SOCHI: WEEK TWO
At the Winter Olympics this week: U.S. ice dancers Meryl Davis and Charlie White won the gold medal, beating their Canadian training partners with whom they also share a coach. Alpine ski racer Bode Miller broke down in tears after his bronze medal-winning run when a reporter asked him about his brother, who died in April. And Russia’s hockey team went home empty-handed after losing to Finland, ending the home team’s hopes that they’d win a gold this year in their national sport.
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POINTERS
ANTI-GAY BILL KILLED
An anti-gay bill that passed the Kansas House of Representatives is dead in the state Senate, the head of the Senate committee that would have reviewed the bill told the Associated Press Tuesday. The bill would have allowed any individual, group or business to refuse to provide goods, services, accommodations or employment benefits related to the recognition of celebration of same-sex couples on the basis of religious beliefs. Opponents said the bill was far too broad and would allow for discrimination against gays and lesbians in the state.
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FALLON’S FIRST TIME
THAT’S VIRAL IT’S GOOD TO BE A REDHEAD
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Jimmy Fallon had his first run on Monday as the new host of The Tonight Show on NBC. The star-studded evening featured a parade of celebrities, including Kim Kardashian, Will Smith and Tina Fey. The show drew 11.3 million viewers, making it the most watched episode of the last five years after Jay Leno’s second goodbye episode, which attracted 14.9 million. (Leno was pushed out but then reinstated when Conan O’Brien’s tenure fell short of expectations.) NBC is attempting to transition The Tonight Show to attract a younger audience.
A selection of the week’s most talked-about stories. HEADLINES TO VIEW FULL STORIES
THE MOST AWKWARD MODERN-DAY VALENTINE’S DAY IMAGINABLE
WE HOPE ALL NORWEGIANS ARE THIS KIND
ELLEN PAGE COMES OUT
PATRICK STEWART PWNS HIS ‘OUTING’
TOM WILLIAMS/CQ ROLL CALL
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LOOKING FORWARD IN ANGST
JASON LINKINS
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VULNERABLE DEMS DECRY FAILED LAUNCH OF HEALTH CARE WEBSITE, BUT OFFER NO SOLUTIONS A
T SOME POINT in the recent past, you may have heard that the federal government
launched this health insurance exchange website called Healthcare.gov, and it did not go well. What you might not know is that you would have never heard about this at all, were it not for Representative Ann Kirkpatrick,
Rep. Ann Kirkpatrick first brought attention to the problems with Healthcare.gov.
Enter a Democrat from Arizona’s 1st District. I missed this, too, but I’ve learned otherwise thanks to this campaign ad, in which the calm and soothing narrator assures us that Kirkpatrick “blew the whistle on the disastrous health care website.” Sure, right. Kirkpatrick’s apparent bravery in the face of no one noticing the website’s problems is the lead anecdote in a New York Times piece by Ashley Parker, documenting the way various Democrats, facing tight reelection campaigns, are hedging their Obamacare bets by making sure that everyone knows they weren’t happy with the way the website choked on launch. Here’s an ad supporting Representative Joe Garcia (D-Fla.) that describes the way he “took the White House to task for the disastrous health care website.” As Parker reports, Democrats ahead of the 2014 midterms are taking a “fix, but do not repeal” approach to the health care law, which is still widely perceived to be a vulnerability in certain districts. In general, Democrats who find themselves in that position are vowing to remedy all sorts of things. Senator Mary Landrieu (D-La.), for example, is touting a bill “that would al-
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low individuals to keep their insurance plans even if the plans did not meet the minimum requirements of the health law.” But it’s the candidates focused on the bungled Healthcare.gov launch who amuse me. I am reminded of a campaign speech from the hapless politician John Jackson on the animated series Futurama: “It’s time someone had the courage to stand up and say: ‘I’m against those
Democrats ahead of the 2014 midterms are taking a ‘fix, but do not repeal’ approach to the health care law, which is still widely perceived to be a vulnerability in certain districts.” things that everybody hates.’” Can Kirkpatrick afford to lose the votes of those Americans who thought the launch of the website worked perfectly? Will her having “blown the whistle” on its failings chasten her opponent enough to forestall any Obamacare attacks? I guess we’ll find out. As entertaining as it is to hear these declamations against the website, it’s also hard to miss their
AP PHOTO/SUSAN WALSH, FILE
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hollowness. It’s nice that people like Ann Kirkpatrick have achieved the level of sentience necessary to recognize when something doesn’t work, and that “stuff not working” is bad. But the fear of protecting one’s flank from attacks on Obamacare is obscuring a problem that goes much further than the health care provision. If there’s anything the troubled launch of Healthcare.gov illuminates, it’s that a lot of work needs to be done to bring the government into the 21st century. The malady is obvious: Government
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If there’s anything the troubled launch of Healthcare.gov illuminates, it’s that a lot of work needs to be done to bring the government into the 21st century.” databases are not standardized and can’t be synchronized. The contracting and procurement process needs to be reformed so that online projects — great and small — are built in a rational and competent way. And this is not a partisan issue: Future presidents of all political persuasions will be
Joe Garcia (D-Fla.) was lauded in a Democratic House Majority PAC ad this month for taking the White House to task for the health care website.
Enter responsible for constituents who will expect to be able to get information and solve problems using their laptops and mobile devices. At the risk of sounding like a broken record, over in the United Kingdom, a similar case of a health care website gone wrong spurred politicians to act in a more visionary fashion. As NPR’s Elise Hu reported: Instead of writing behemoth, long-term contracts with a long list of specifications for outside contractors, Parliament greenlighted the creation of the Government Digital Service, a “goteam” of 300 technologists who began streamlining 90 percent of the most common transactions the British people have with government. It appointed [Mike] Bracken, a tech industry veteran, as the first ever executive director of digital — a Cabinet-level position. Two years later, gov.uk is a single, simple platform connecting hundreds of British agencies and allowing people to pay taxes, register for student loans, renew passports and more. Doing technology this way is sav-
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ing British taxpayers at least $20 million a year, according to government estimates. It isn’t really enough to simply “blow the whistle” or “take someone to task” for Healthcare.gov’s failures. Those issues underscored much deeper problems, to which these would-be public servants should respond by explaining how they’ll reform the process that led
It isn’t really enough to simply ‘blow the whistle’ or ‘take someone to task’ for Healthcare.gov’s failures. Those issues underscored much deeper problems.” to a failed website in the first place, and what specific steps they’ll take to bring government into the digital age. Ignoring this issue simply demonstrates how out of touch these politicians are with the way ordinary people live their lives. If you just look at the underlying electoral fundamentals, it’s likely that Democrats are going to have a bad year at the polls. But the lack of vision and guts surely doesn’t help.
Q&A
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Matt LeBlanc on Working With the Friends Cast “They’re all very, very different types of actors, and they all have their strengths and weaknesses. But I think we all as a group really learned from one another... by the end, it was really funny, we could finish each other’s sentences.”
Above: Matt LeBlanc and Kathleen Rose Perkins speak during an Episodes discussion at the 2014 Winter TCA tour. Below: LeBlanc arrives at the 2012 Golden Globe Awards.
FOR THE FULL INTERVIEW, VISIT HUFFPOST LIVE
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DATA
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BEST ACTORS
BEST ACTRESSES
How to Win an Oscar
We know who the favorites are. But which actor and actress statistically stands the best chance of winning the award on March 2? Let’s consider 85 years of prior Oscars history.
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02.13.2014 An Olympic forerunner tests out the course for a freestyle skiing aerials training session. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.09.2014 The United States’ Jason Brown performs in the Men’s Figure Skating Team Free Program at the Iceberg Skating Palace. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.11.2014 Eliza Tiruma of Latvia in action during the Women’s Luge Singles. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.12.2014 Xuetong Cai of China competes in the Snowboard Women’s Halfpipe Qualification Heats on day five. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.13.2014 Daniel Boehm of Germany collapses in the snow after coming in tenth in the Men’s Individual 20k. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.13.2014 Rico Peter of Switzerland pilots a run during a Men’s Two-Man Bobsleigh training session on day six. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.12.2014
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Germany’s Eric Frenzel celebrates winning the gold after the cross-country portion of the Nordic combined, flanked by Japan’s silver medal winner Akito Watabe, left, and Norway’s bronze medal winner Magnus Krog.
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02.15.2014 Netherlands’ Mark Tuitert competes in the Men’s Speed Skating 1500m. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.17.2014 Athletes compete in the Women’s 12.5k Mass Start during day 10. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.06.2014 Maylin Wende and Daniel Wende of Germany compete in the team pairs short program figure skating competition. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.11.2014 Great Britain’s Anna Sloan, left, and Vicki Adams, right, sweep the ice during the women’s curling competition against the United States. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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02.15.2014 Phil Kessel, #81, of the United States celebrates after teammate Cam Fowler, #3, scored a goal on Sergei Bobrovski, #72, of Russia in the second period during the Men’s Ice Hockey Preliminary Round Group A game. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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Voices
LEENA SULEIMAN
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LEENA SULEIMAN
I Took Off My Hijab... ...by adding more layers — a knit hat and a scarf around my neck, to be exact. I didn’t understand what was happening at first. People started talking to me more. Women would speak to me like I’d known them forever. Men would look at me like
I was actually approachable. And I was made to feel like I was actually from this planet. Maybe I was finally fitting in? Maybe I was no longer self-conscious about my unique dress code and my face lacking makeup? But then it became fishy. The Muslim taxi drivers, who would almost always say “assalamu alaikum” and ask me where I’m from
Leena Suleiman with a knit hat and scarf masking her hijab.
Voices or if I’m single and refuse to allow me to pay for the fare, became cold and dry. I would simply give the address, and the only dialog thereafter would be at the time of payment. It was puzzling. I started to reevaluate my character. Had I become unfriendly? Arrogant? But other people had become even nicer to me. I couldn’t figure it out — until, on my walk to work, I started passing by hijabis who wouldn’t acknowledge my existence. Here is the unspoken code between hijabis: One stares until the other notices, and then both exchange salams. But it was now as if I were just another passerby, with no significance to the wrap around my head. The wrap around my head. Then it hit me: My knit hat and winter scarf covered my hijab entirely, and all that was visible was my eyes behind my wannabe-hipster glasses, and my skinny jeans tucked into my boots. They didn’t even know I was Muslim. I found this realization absolutely hilarious, and entertaining. I started paying more attention to the differences in the ways people treated me. It was fun feeling like everyone around me believed I belonged in their culture by default,
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and not to some grudgingly accepted piece of the diversity pie. It was a good feeling. I secretly started looking forward to venturing out into the cold to further explore what it means to be “normal.” I became even more confident walking in my city. My city. All the stares were not racialized anymore. I was addressed as “lady” and “little lady,” something I had never heard before. Men would
I didn’t understand what was happening at first. People started talking to me more. Women would speak to me like I’d known them forever. Men would look at me like I was actually approachable.” hold doors for me. Women would crack jokes with me. I became respectable, lovable, and accepted. But did that mean that with my hijab I am not as respectable? Not as lovable? Not to be accepted? I immediately began to despise the inequality, and it dawned on me that I was now acting like someone who had been bullied for years and had finally been accepted by the mean girls. In fact,
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Voices
nothing had changed; I had simply crossed over to another world for one season. The power of this experience lies in the fact that it was not an intentional experiment. It happened simply because of the Chiberian weather, which required me to cover as much of my body as possible with warm pieces of cloth. Apparently, the type of cloth you place or wrap around your head defines how you will be treated. I had never realized that with my hijab, I am given less respect and love and am not as accepted. I had always thought that the type of treatment I am exposed to
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I was now acting like someone who had been bullied for years and had finally been accepted by the mean girls.� is just how the world is. I didn’t know that people could be nicer. Thank you, winter. Thank you, subzero temperatures. I pray that one day, and soon, people will be familiar enough with all other cultures and beliefs that they are not afraid and do not have reservations, and that the thing that stands out to them is not the wrap around my head but the smile on my face. Leena Suleiman is an architectural designer and blogger.
Voices
DEAN BAKER
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ANDREW HARRER/BLOOMBERG VIA GETTY IMAGES
The Secret to Overpaid CEOS
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T’S HARDLY A SECRET that the heads of major corporations in the United States get mind-bending paychecks. High pay may be understandable when a top executive turns around a failing company or vastly expands a company’s revenue and profit, but CEOs can get paychecks in the tens or hundreds of millions even when they did nothing especially notable. ¶ For example, Lee Raymond retired from Exxon-Mobil in 2005 with $321 million. (That’s 22,140 minimum wage work years.) His main accomplishment for the company was sitting at its head at a time when a quadrupling of oil prices sent profits soaring. Hank McKinnel walked away from Pfizer in 2006 with $166 million. It would be hard to identify his outstanding accomplishments. ¶ But you don’t have to be mediocre to get a big paycheck as a CEO. Bob Nardelli pocketed $240 million when he left Home Depot after six years. The company’s stock price had fallen by 40 percent in his tenure, while the stock its competitor Lowe’s had nearly doubled.
Bob Nardelli pocketed $240 million when he left Home Depot after six years.
Voices And then we have the CEOs in the financial industry, heads of huge banks like Lehman’s, Bear Stearns, and Merrill Lynch, or the insurer AIG. These CEOs took their companies to the edge of bankruptcy or beyond and still walked away with hundreds of millions of dollars in their pockets. It’s not hard to write contracts that would ensure that CEO pay bears a closer relationship to the company’s performance. For example, if the value of Raymond’s stock incentives at Exxon were tied to the performance of the stock of other oil companies (this can be done) then his going away package probably would not have been one-tenth as large. Also, there can be longer assessment periods so that it’s not possible to get rich by bankrupting a company. If anyone were putting a check on CEO pay, these sorts of practices would be standard, but they aren’t for a simple reason. The corporate directors who are supposed to be holding down CEO pay for the benefit of the shareholders are generally buddies of the CEOs. Corporate CEOs often have considerable input into who sits on their boards. (Some CEOs sit on the boards themselves.) They pick peo-
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ple who will be agreeable and not ask tough questions. For example, corporate boards probably don’t often ask whether they could get a comparably skilled CEO for lower pay, even though top executives of major companies in Europe, Japan, and South Korea earn around one-tenth as much as CEOs in the U.S. Of course this is the directors’ job. They are supposed to be trying to minimize what
The corporate directors who are supposed to be holding down CEO pay for the benefit of the shareholders are generally buddies of the CEOs.” the company pays their top executives in the same way that companies try to cut costs by outsourcing production. But friends don’t try to save money by cutting their friends’ pay. And when the directors are pocketing hundreds of thousands of dollars a year for attending 4-10 meetings, there is little incentive to take their jobs seriously. Instead we see accomplished people from politics, academia, and other sectors collecting their pay and looking the other way. For ex-
Voices ample, we have people like Erskine Bowles who had the distinction of sitting on the boards of both Morgan Stanley and General Motors in the years they were bailed out by the government. And we have Martin Feldstein, the country’s most prominent conservative economist, who sat on the board of insurance giant AIG when it nearly tanked the world’s financial system. Both Bowles and Feldstein were wellcompensated for their “work.” Excessive CEO pay matters not only because it takes away money that rightfully belongs to shareholders, which include pension funds and individuals with 401(k) retirement accounts. Excessive CEO pay is important because it sets a pattern for pay packages throughout the economy. When mediocre CEOs of mid-size companies can earn millions a year, it puts upward pressure on the pay of top executives in other sectors. It is common for top executives of universities and private charities to earn salaries in the millions of dollars because they can point to executives of comparably sized companies who earn several times as much. Those close in line to the boss also can expect comparably bloated salaries. In other words,
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this is an important part of the story of inequality in the economy. To try to impose the checks that don’t currently exist, the Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR) has created Director Watch. This site will highlight directors like Erskine Bowles and Martin Feldstein who stuff their pockets while not performing their jobs. CEPR also worked with HuffPost to compile a data set that lists the
Corporate CEOs often have considerable input into who sits on their boards. They pick people who will be agreeable.” directors for the Fortune 100 companies, along with their compensation, the CEOs’ compensation, and the companies’ stock performance. This data set is now available at HuffPost as Pay Pals. Perhaps a little public attention will get these directors to actually work for their hefty paychecks. The end result could bring a lot of paychecks for those at the top back down to earth. Dean Baker is the co-director of the Center for Economic Policy and Research.
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“ I am tired of lying by omission.”
— Ellen Page,
in a speech announcing she is gay before an audience at a Human Rights Campaign event
“ You are not getting the last line in this morning’s show!”
— Elaine Stritch
to Kathie Lee Gifford, when she tried to cut her off on the Today show
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“ His argument doesn’t make much sense.”
— Ai Weiwei
on a local artist — who destroyed one of Ai’s colored vases at the Pérez Art Museum Miami — saying he was inspired by Ai
“ Brain damage is okay, but we draw the line at puffing a joint....got it Rog.”
— HuffPost commenter jacobrobbins12
on “Roger Goodell Still Says ‘NO’ To Taking Marijuana Off NFL’s Banned Substance List”
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It demonstrates a complete lack of masculinity to try so hard to appear masculine.
— HuffPost commenter Philip_J_Sparrow
on “Sexual Assault Victims Forced To Take Uni Classes With Attackers In ‘Toxic’ “
“ Real life: That weird land outside Hollywood which unfortunately we have to visit from time to time.”
— Stephen Fry
at the BAFTA Awards, which he hosted on Sunday
“ And many straight NFL players practically live at strip clubs... Next point?” — HuffPost commenter Duds11
on “Michael Sam, Gay Football Star, Dances Shirtless At Gay Bar”
“ Deregulating ourselves to death... one GOP-controlled state at a time.”
— HuffPost commenter serialcoma on “West Virginia Coal Slurry Spill: Kanawha Eagle Plant Leaks Into Fields Creek”
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02.23.14 #89 FEATURES GRIZZLY FUTURE THRIVE WE WERE HERE
G R I Z Z LY FUTURE
In the American West, a Fight Unfolds Over the Fate of an Iconic Species
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S t o r y a n d P h o t o s b y K AT E S H E P PA R D
ON A COLD, overcast day last fall, Jesse Logan and Wally Macfarlane hiked up Packsaddle Peak near Emigrant, Mont., not far from Yellowstone National Park. They had to climb high into the forest, at least 8,500 feet above sea level, to find the trees: tall, majestic whitebark pines, which grow slowly and can live more than a thousand years. A light snow started falling halfway up the mountain, the flakes getting heavier and wetter as they climbed. “You gotta want it to get up in here,” said Macfarlane, 46, a researcher from the Department of Watershed Resources at Utah State University. The last time Macfarlane and Logan, 69, a former entomologist with the U.S. Forest Service, hiked this peak, in 2009, they found the trees’ normally bright green needles turning shades of yellow and red. Now, just four years later, all the needles had fallen to the
ground, and there were few signs of life in the forest. Even covered in fresh snow, which can lend anything a beautiful luster, the dead trees gave the landscape a bleak, post-apocalyptic aspect. All across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, a 28,000-square-mile area covering parts of Montana, Wyoming and Idaho, a devastating beetle infestation has been killing whitebark pines. The consequences may stretch far beyond the fate of a single species of tree, however. The whitebark pine has been called the linchpin of the high-altitude ecosystem. The trees produce cones that contain pine seeds that feed red squirrels, a bird known as the Clark’s nutcracker and, most significantly, grizzly bears — a symbol of the American West and the current focus of a highprofile conservation battle. In December, a panel of experts from across federal government recommended taking the grizzly
GRIZZLY FUTURE
bear off of the endangered species list. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is expected to issue its final ruling on the status of the bears in the coming weeks. Successfully bringing the bears back from the brink of extinction would be a huge victory for the agency and for the Endangered Species Act, which celebrated its 40th anniversary in late December. Yet some environmentalists and scientists like Logan and Macfarlane believe the grizzly bears are still in peril, because the whitebark is in peril. They argue that the government has failed to ac-
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knowledge the true role that climate change is playing in the pine beetle infestation. High up in the alpine wilderness, they say, a crisis is unfolding — the denial of which is a stark example of the government’s refusal to take the effects of climate change seriously. “You have a bureaucracy that changes slowly, and you have an ecology that is being compressed in time in a way that we’ve never experienced as humans on this earth,” said Logan. “There are a lot of people within the agencies that are well aware and concerned. But there are also those whose response is denial that there’s a real critical issue here.”
Jesse Logan hikes up Packsaddle Peak in search of whitebark pine.
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LOGAN RETIRED from the Forest Service in 2006 and moved to Montana with the intention of skiing in the winter and fly fishing in the summer. He’d spent his last few years with the Forest Service as a project leader for the agency’s mountain pine beetle work out of the Logan, Utah, station. But instead of a peaceful retirement, he has found himself spending most of his time defending the trees he has come to love, hiking out to the far reaches of the forest to document the beetle infestation. He and Macfarlane began working together in 2004 after meeting at a conference of U.S. and Canadian researchers studying bark beetles. It was at that conference, Macfarlane says, that they first realized they were dealing with “the largest insect outbreak in recorded history.” A local news story referred to them as the “whitebark warriors,” a moniker that has stuck. “Once you get into whitebark, it gets under your skin,” Logan explained. “It was just the ecology and the drama, and everything that’s associated with it in Yellowstone. I just couldn’t walk away from it.” Because they grow at high elevations, whitebark pine trees histori-
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cally did not have to deal with infestations of mountain pine beetles. Cold snaps, with temperatures sometimes plunging 30 to 40 degrees below zero, had been enough to keep beetle populations in check. Not anymore. Global temperatures are an average of 1 degree Fahrenheit higher than the 20th century norm, and the situation
High up in the alpine wilderness, they say, a crisis is unfolding — the denial of which is a stark example of the government’s refusal to take the effects of climate change seriously. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem is even more alarming, with temperatures 1.4 degrees higher than last century’s average. As temperatures have risen, the beetles have moved farther north and to higher elevations. Recent studies have also found that the warmer temperatures appear to be speeding up the beetles’ reproductive cycle, meaning there are many more of them than there used to be. The whitebark pine trees, despite being able to stand up to the harsh alpine conditions, are nearly defenseless against the invaders. “Whitebark is one hell of a survivor,” Logan said, “but it’s
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not a competitor.” Logan began looking at the impact rising temperatures might have on whitebark pines back in the late 1990s, when he was still with the Forest Service. “Before any of this started, we were saying this could happen unbelievably fast,” he said. “But I was thinking this is something maybe my grandchildren will see, maybe my children. I’m not going to see it.” In 2003, however, his prediction started coming true. Throughout the region, whitebark forests began showing signs of infestation: first patches of
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trees with yellowing needles, then spots of red, dying trees. Within a few years, some whitebark forests were a sea of red. By 2009, according to Logan and Macfarlane, 95 percent of the whitebark forests in the Yellowstone region showed signs of infestation. A deep cold snap that year beat back the beetle population, however, at least temporarily. According to the federal government’s scientists, the beetle problem peaked then and has been on the decline ever since. But Logan and Macfarlane say the feds aren’t seeing what they’re seeing. Over the summer and early fall of 2013, they partnered with the environmental groups Union of
Wally Macfarlane shows how the beetles have infested a whitebark pine tree on Packsaddle Peak.
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Concerned Scientists and Clean Air Cool Planet to send several young researchers deep into the whitebark forests to document the trees’ status. Some of the areas they surveyed were a threeday hike off forest roads. They didn’t find the shocking sea of red like they had during the outbreak of the previous decade, but they did find many trees facing new beetle attacks. Fifty-two percent of the plots included trees that beetles had killed, nearly half of those from infestations within the last 30 months. “What they were able to document is, rather than this major outbreak that was easy to document, there’s been this insidious, chronic mortality, that, if you add it up over time, is no less threatening to the whitebark,” said Logan. “But it’s not as obvious because you don’t have the sea of red forest.” This, said Logan, is evidence of a long, slow, climate-fueled mortality for the whitebark. THAT’S AN ISSUE bigger than a few trees. It’s one factor under consideration as the Fish and Wildlife Service decides whether to remove protections for the grizzly bears of the Greater Yellow-
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stone Ecosystem under the Endangered Species Act — protections that have been in place since 1975. Studies have found that the high-fat, protein-rich pine seeds are beneficial to bears in a number of ways. If the bears can eat the pine seeds, for example, they are less likely to go foraging for other food, a search that can in-
Environmentalists and scientists like Logan and Macfarlane believe the grizzly bears are still in peril, because the whitebark is in peril. crease the likelihood that they will encounter humans and be killed. Other studies have found that female bears with access to whitebark pine seeds give birth to more cubs. The Fish and Wildlife Service attempted to remove the “threatened” designation for the bears in 2007, after finding that populations in the region had recovered to the point that they no longer needed special protections. Delisting the grizzly would mean states, rather than the federal government, could manage habitat protections and allow some hunting of the bears. Environmental groups filed suit
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to block the delisting, arguing, in part, that the government had not looked closely enough at the impact the decline of the whitebark pine would have on the bears. A federal appeals court sided with the environmentalists, finding that the government had “failed to adequately consider the impacts of global warming and mountain pine beetle infestation on the vitality of the region’s whitebark pine trees.” Protections for the bear were kept in place. Now, however, the Fish and Wildlife Service is again considering delisting the grizzly, a decision
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steeped in political controversy. Removing the bears from the list would be a signal that endangered species protections work — that the bears are a success story, brought back from a population of just 136 in 1975 to more than 700 today. It would also be a recognition of the work that state land and wildlife managers have put into bringing the bears back from the brink. “They’ve invested 30-some years of effort to get to this point,” said Christopher Servheen, the grizzly bear recovery coordinator for the Fish and Wildlife Service. “They would take over the management that’s in place, rather than Fish and Wildlife. It’s a vindication of that effort that they
A stand of dead whitebark pine atop Packsaddle Peak in Montana, killed by an infestation of mountain pine beetles.
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get to manage the bears.” Indeed, the federal agency has been facing increasing pressure from states like Idaho and Wyoming, which want the federal protections removed. But conservation groups say that the celebrations for the bear are premature, and that a decision to delist them is overly optimistic, given the climatic changes that are underway. Bill Snape, senior counsel for the Center for Biological Diversity, cited a “psychological need to declare success” on the bear’s recovery, as well as a fear of backlash from the states that want to see the bear taken off the list. There’s also a disinclination among federal agencies, Snape said, to include climate change as a significant factor in endangered species considerations. “They’re reluctant to come to grips with what climate change really means for that species,” said Snape. “The grizzly bear is definitely a climate-impacted species, and the agencies are not quite yet willing to admit as much.” In December, the Interagency Grizzly Bear Committee recommended taking the bears off the list, in response to a report from a panel of experts from across the
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federal government. The report concluded that whitebark pine decline “has had no profound negative effects on grizzly bears at the individual or population level.” In its report, government scientists concluded that beetle outbreaks are “episodic,” occurring every 20 to 40 years, and lasting 12 to 15 years. Citing Lo-
Conservation groups say that the celebrations for the bear are premature, and that a decision to delist them is overly optimistic. gan’s research, the report noted that “the severity of the current outbreak is attributed to warmer winters at higher elevations” and that “the long-term future of whitebark pine remains uncertain in light of climate change.” But it concluded that the current beetle outbreak is waning, and management and reforestation work should be enough to preserve the trees in the ecosystem. “We’re still going to have some blowouts. There will be some areas where mountain pine beetles will still get a stronghold,” said Mary Frances Mahalovich, a regional geneticist at the Forest Service who served on the scientific panel that authored the report,
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“but it’s not going to be the watershed path of destruction we’ve seen in the last 10, 12 years.” “There are still going to be areas where there are beetle outbreaks, and those may be the areas where Jesse and his people are working,” she said, “but when you look at the entire ecosystem, the entire beetle population is waning.” Federal scientists say that the delisting recommendation is evidence of the success of species protections. The grizzly population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem is probably bigger than it’s been in more than 100 years,
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said Servheen, and is three times bigger than it was 32 years ago. Further, the report concluded, grizzly bears are adaptable enough to substitute other foods for the pine seeds, and any decline in whitebark in recent years has not had a dramatic effect on the bears. “Bears are omnivorous. They use a wide variety of foods,” said Servheen. “They’re not dependent on whitebark. They eat it when it’s available. When it’s not available, they eat other stuff.” He noted that bears in the Yellowstone region eat at least 75 different types of food on a regular basis. Meanwhile, grizzly bears in the northern part of Montana don’t eat whitebark
Mountain pine beetles will carve a J-shaped galley into the phloem tissue of whitebark pine, where they lay eggs.
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pine seeds at all because there are far fewer trees there, due to an outbreak of a fungus known as blister rust several decades ago. And yet the bear population there is growing an average of 3 percent per year, Servheen said. Logan and other researchers outside the federal government say federal agencies are too bullish when it comes to the whitebark and the bears. The beetle outbreak, they argue, persists, and climate change will only make the situation worse. “The evidence on the ground does not support that,” Logan said of the committee’s determination that the beetle infestation is waning. “In fact it supports just the opposite.” He called the study team’s report “so flawed in this aspect that it’s really hard to come to grips with.” With the Fish and Wildlife Service expected to follow the recommendations of the grizzly bear panel, environmentalists are gearing up for another legal fight. Earthjustice, the group that successfully challenged the government’s decision to delist the bear in 2007, is preparing a similar case now. The group believes that the government has again failed to
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consider adequately how the overlapping issues of climate change, the beetles and the whitebark pine will affect the grizzlies. “Because the government has been so unwilling to look at climate, it’s a real vulnerability for them. That’s how we won the first delisting effort,” said Abigail Dillen, Earthjustice’s vice president
“ This is a major trend that will affect this species. If you’re ignoring it, you’re ignoring the real biological threat here.” for litigation on climate and energy. “This is a major trend that will affect this species. If you’re ignoring it, you’re ignoring the real biological threat here.” THE DAY AFTER visiting Packsaddle Peak, Logan and Macfarlane trekked up to the top of the Beartooth Plateau, just over the border in northern Wyoming and not far from a place known as the Top of the World. Logan once considered this area a refuge for the whitebark — too high and cold for the mountain pine beetles to target. It had been safe from the beetles in 2009. “Last time we were here, it was green forest,” Macfarlane said.
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Now, however, about half of the whitebark trees were starting to show the early signs of infestation. A red, sap-like substance dripped from their bark like tears, the trees’ attempt to expel the beetles that had burrowed inside them. “It’s very discouraging,” Logan said. He used a small hatchet to hack off a section of bark from one tree. Inside, the beetles had carved narrow, J-shaped burrows into the tree’s tissue. He plucked a tiny, dark insect, no bigger than a black bean, from the crevice. Many of the trees still wore greenish-yellow needles that, to
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an untrained eye, looked healthy enough. But there were signs that the beetles were already at work inside. Logan calls these trees the “standing dead.” Soon the needles would turn a brilliant red, before falling off and leaving behind a grey, bare tree like the ones on Packsaddle Peak. He predicted that in the next two years, nearly all of the trees on the Beartooth Plateau would also be dead. “I would not use the term ‘refuge’ standing here now,” said Logan. “We’re on the brink of a catastrophic collapse.” Kate Sheppard is a senior reporter and the environment and energy editor at the Huffington Post.
A mother grizzly bear and her three cubs are spotted in Yellowstone National Park.
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n the morning of April 6, 2007, I was lying on the floor of my home office in a pool of blood. On my way down, my head had hit the corner of my desk, cutting my eye and breaking my cheekbone. I had collapsed from exhaustion and lack of sleep. In the wake of my collapse, I found myself going from doctor to doctor, from brain MRI to CAT scan to echocardiogram, to find out if there was any underlying medical problem beyond exhaustion. There wasn’t, but doctors’ waiting rooms, it turns out, were good places for me to ask myself a lot of questions about the kind of life I was living. We founded The Huffington Post in 2005, and two years in we were growing at an incredible pace. I was on the cover of magazines and had been chosen by Time as one of the world’s 100 Most Influential People. But after my fall, I had to ask myself, Was this what success looked like? Was this the life I wanted? I was working eighteen hours a day, seven days a week, trying to build a business, expand our coverage, and bring in investors. But my life, I realized, was out of control. In terms of the traditional measures of success, which focus on money and power, I was very successful. But I was not living a successful life by any sane
definition of success. I knew something had to radically change. I could not go on that way. This was a classic wake-up call. Looking back on my life, I had other times when I should have woken up but didn’t. This time I really did and made many changes in the way I live my life, including adopting daily practices to keep me on track—and out of doctors’ waiting rooms. The result is a more fulfilling life, one that gives me breathing spaces and a deeper perspective. This book was conceived as I tried to pull together all the insights I had gleaned about my work and life during the weeks I spent writing the commencement speech I was to give to the class of 2013 at Smith College. With two daughters in college, I take
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commencement speeches very seriously. It’s such a special moment for the graduating class—a pause, a kind of parenthesis in time following four (or five, or six) years of nonstop learning and growing just before the start of an adult life spent moving forward and putting all of that knowledge into action. It’s a unique marker in their lives—and for fifteen minutes or so I have the graduates’ undivided attention. The challenge is to say something equal to the occasion, something that will be useful during a charged time of new beginnings. “Commencement speakers,” I told the women graduates, “are traditionally expected to tell the graduating class how to go out there and climb the ladder of success. But I want to ask you instead to redefine success. Because the world you are headed into desperately needs it. And because you are up to the challenge. Your education at Smith has made it unequivocally clear that you are entitled to take your place in the world wherever you want that place to be. You can work in any field, and you can make it to the top of any field. But what I urge you to do is not just take your place at the top of the
world, but to change the world.” The moving response to the speech made me realize how widespread is the longing among so many of us to redefine success and what it means to lead “the good life.” “What is a good life?” has been a question asked by philosophers going back to the ancient Greeks. But somewhere along the line we abandoned the question and shifted our attention to how much money we can make, how big a house we can buy, and how high we can climb up the career ladder. Those are legitimate questions, particularly at a time when women are still attempting to gain an equal seat at the table. But as I painfully discovered, they are far from the only questions that matter in creating a successful life. Over time our society’s notion of success has been reduced to money and power. In fact, at this point, success, money, and power have practically become synonymous in the minds of many. This idea of success can work— or at least appear to work—in the short term. But over the long term, money and power by themselves are like a two-legged stool—you can balance on them for a while, but eventually you’re going to topple over. And more and more people—very successful
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people—are toppling over. So what I pointed out to the Smith College graduates was that the way we’ve defined success is not enough. And it’s no longer sustainable: It’s no longer sustainable for human beings or for societies. To live the lives we truly want and deserve, and not just the lives we settle for, we need a Third Metric, a third measure of success that goes beyond the two metrics of money and power, and consists of four pillars: well-being, wisdom, wonder, and giving. These four pillars make up the four sections of this book. First, well-being: If we don’t redefine what success is, the price we pay in terms of our health and well-being will continue to rise, as I found out in my own life. As my eyes opened, I saw that this new phase in my life was very much in tune with the zeitgeist, the spirit of our times. Every conversation I had seemed to eventually come around to the same dilemmas we are all facing—the stress of over-busyness, overworking, overconnecting on social media, and underconnecting with ourselves and with one another. The space, the gaps, the pauses, the silence—those things that allow us to regenerate and recharge—had all but disappeared in my own life
and in the lives of so many I knew. It seemed to me that the people who were genuinely thriving in their lives were the ones who had made room for well-being, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Hence the “Third Metric” was born—the third leg of the stool in living a successful life. What started with redefining my own life path and priorities led me to see an awakening that is taking place globally. We are entering a new era. How we measure success is changing. And it’s changing not a moment too soon—especially for women, since a growing body of data shows that the price of the current false promise of success is already higher for women than it is for men. Women in stressful jobs have a nearly 40 percent increased risk of heart disease, and a 60 percent greater risk of diabetes. In the past thirty years, as women have made substantial strides in the workplace, self-reported levels of stress have gone up 18 percent. Those who have just started out in the workforce—and those who haven’t even yet begun—are already feeling the effects. According to the American Psychological Association, the millennial generation is at the top of the chart for stress levels—more so than baby boomers and “matures,” as the study dubbed those over sixty-seven.
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The Western workplace culture—exported to many other parts of the world—is practically fueled by stress, sleep deprivation, and burnout. I had come face-to- face— or, I should say, face-to-floor—with the problem when I collapsed. Even as stress undermines our health, the sleep deprivation so many of us experience in striving to get
industry. As John Paul Wright, an engineer for one of the country’s largest freight rail operators, put it, “The biggest issue with railroad workers is fatigue, not pay. We are paid very well. But we sacrifice our bodies and minds to work the long hours it takes to make the money, not to mention the high divorce rate, self-medicating, and stress.”
In terms of the traditional measures of success, which focus on money and power, I was very successful. But I was not living a successful life by any sane definition of success. ahead at work is profoundly—and negatively—affecting our creativity, our productivity, and our decision making. The Exxon Valdez wreck, the explosion of the Challenger space shuttle, and the nuclear accidents at Chernobyl and Three Mile Island all were at least partially caused by a lack of sleep. And in the winter of 2013, the deadly Metro-North derailment caused when William Rockefeller, the engineer at the controls, fell asleep, focused national attention on the dangers of sleep deprivation throughout the transportation
Over 30 percent of people in the United States and the United Kingdom are not getting enough sleep. And it’s not just decision making and cognitive functions that take a hit. Even traits that we associate with our core personality and values are affected by too little sleep. According to a study from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, sleep deprivation reduces our emotional intelligence, selfregard, assertiveness, sense of independence, empathy toward others, the quality of our interpersonal relationships, positive thinking, and impulse control. In fact, the only thing the study found that gets better with sleep deprivation is
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“magical thinking” and reliance on superstition. So if you’re interested in fortune-telling, go ahead and burn the midnight oil. For the rest of us, we need to redefine what we value, and change workplace culture so that working till all hours and walking around exhausted become stigmatized instead of lauded. In the new definition of success, building and looking after our financial capital is not enough. We need to do everything we can to protect and nurture our human capital. My mother was an expert at that. I still remember, when I was twelve years old, a very successful Greek businessman coming over to our home for dinner. He looked rundown and exhausted. But when we sat down to dinner, he told us how well things were going for him. He was thrilled about a contract he had just won to build a new museum. My mother was not impressed. “I don’t care how well your business is doing,” she told him bluntly, “you’re not taking care of you. Your business might have a great bottom line, but you are your most important capital. There are only so many withdrawals you can make from your health bank account, but you just keep on withdrawing. You could go
bankrupt if you don’t make some deposits soon.” And indeed, not long after that, the man had to be rushed to the hospital for an emergency angioplasty. When we include our own wellbeing in our definition of success, another thing that changes is our relationship with time. There is even a term now for our stressedout sense that there’s never enough time for what we want to do— “time famine.” Every time we look at our watches it seems to be later than we think. I personally have always had a very strained relationship with time. Dr. Seuss summed it up beautifully: “How did it get so late so soon?” he wrote. “It’s night before it’s afternoon. December is here before it’s June. My goodness how the time has flewn. How did it get so late so soon?” Sound familiar? And when we’re living a life of perpetual time famine, we rob ourselves of our ability to experience another key element of the Third Metric: wonder, our sense of delight in the mysteries of the universe, as well as the everyday occurrences and small miracles that fill our lives. Another of my mother’s gifts was to be in a constant state of wonder at the world around her. Whether she was washing dishes or feeding seagulls at the beach or
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reprimanding overworking businessmen, she maintained her sense of wonder at life. And whenever I’d complain or was upset about something in my own life, my mother had the same advice: “Darling, just change the channel. You are in control of the clicker. Don’t replay the bad, scary movie.” Well-being, wonder. Both of
To be honest, it’s not something that comes naturally to me. The last time my mother got angry with me before she died was when she saw me reading my email and talking to my children at the same time. “I abhor multitasking,” she said, in a Greek accent that puts mine to shame. In other words, being connected in
Over the long term, money and power by themselves are like a two-legged stool—you can balance on them for a while, but eventually you’re going to topple over. these are key to creating the Third Metric. And then there is the third indispensable W in redefining success: wisdom. Wherever we look around the world, we see smart leaders—in politics, in business, in media— making terrible decisions. What they’re lacking is not IQ, but wisdom. Which is no surprise; it has never been harder to tap into our inner wisdom, because in order to do so, we have to disconnect from all our omnipresent devices—our gadgets, our screens, our social media—and reconnect with ourselves.
a shallow way to the entire world can prevent us from being deeply connected to those closest to us— including ourselves. And that is where wisdom is found. I’m convinced of two fundamental truths about human beings. The first is that we all have within us a centered place of wisdom, harmony, and strength. This is a truth that all the world’s philosophies and religions—whether Christianity, Islam, Judaism, or Buddhism—acknowledge in one form or another: “The kingdom of God is within you.” Or as Archimedes said, “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.” The second truth is that we’re
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all going to veer away from that place again and again and again. That’s the nature of life. In fact, we may be off course more often than we are on course. The question is how quickly can we get back to that centered place of wisdom, harmony, and strength. It’s in this sacred place that life is transformed from struggle to grace, and we are suddenly filled with trust, whatever our obstacles, challenges, or disappointments. As Steve Jobs said in his now legendary commencement address at Stanford, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something—your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.” There is a purpose to our lives, even if it is sometimes hidden from us, and even if the biggest turning points and heartbreaks only make sense as we look back, rather than as we are experiencing them. So we might as well live life as if—as the poet Rumi put it—everything is rigged in our favor. But our ability to regularly get back to this place of wisdom—like
so many other abilities—depends on how much we practice and how important we make it in our lives. And burnout makes it much harder to tap into our wisdom. In an op-ed in The New York Times, Erin Callan, former chief financial officer of Lehman Brothers, who left the firm a few months before it went bankrupt, wrote about the lessons she learned about experiencing burnout: “Work always came first, before my family, friends and marriage — which ended just a few years later.” Looking back, she realized how counterproductive overworking was. “I now believe that I could have made it to a similar place with at least some better version of a personal life,” she wrote. In fact, working to the point of burnout wasn’t just bad for her personally. It was also, we now know, bad for Lehman Brothers, which no longer exists. After all, the function of leadership is to be able to see the iceberg before it hits the Titanic. And when you’re burned out and exhausted, it’s much harder to see clearly the dangers—or opportunities—ahead. And that’s the connection we need to start making if we want to accelerate changing the way we live and work. Well-being, wisdom, and wonder. The last element to the Third Metric of success is the willingness
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to give of ourselves, prompted by our empathy and compassion. America’s Founding Fathers thought enough of the idea of the pursuit of happiness to enshrine it in the Declaration of Independence. But their notion of this “unalienable right” did not mean the pursuit of more ways for us to be entertained. Rather, it was
exhaustion in 2007. For New York Times food writer Mark Bittman it was obsessively checking his email via his in-seat phone on a transatlantic flight, leading him to confess, “My name is Mark, and I’m a techno-addict.” For Carl Honoré, author of In Praise of Slowness: How a Worldwide Movement Is Challenging the Cult of Speed, it
We need a Third Metric, a third measure of success that goes beyond the two metrics of money and power, and consists of four pillars: well-being, wisdom, wonder, and giving. the happiness that comes from feeling good by doing good. It was the happiness that comes from being a productive part of a community and contributing to its greater good. There is plenty of scientific data that shows unequivocally that empathy and service increase our own well-being. That’s how the elements of the Third Metric of success become part of a virtuous cycle. If you are lucky, you have a “final straw” moment before it’s too late. For me it was collapsing from
was contemplating “one-minute bedtime stories” for his two-yearold son to save time. For Aetna CEO Mark Bertolini it was a skiing accident that left him with a broken neck and eventually led him to the rejuvenating practices of yoga and meditation. For HopeLab president Pat Christen, it was the alarming realization that, due to her dependence on technology, “I had stopped looking in my children’s eyes.” For Anna Holmes, the founder of the site Jezebel, it was the realization that the deal she had made with herself came at a very high price: “I realized, ‘Okay, if I work at 110 percent, I get good results. If I work a little harder, I’ll
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get even more out of it.’ The caveat of this success, however, had personal repercussions: I never relaxed. . . . I was increasingly stressed. . . . Not only was I posting once every ten minutes for twelve hours straight, but I also worked for the two and a half hours before we started posting and late into the night to prepare for the next day.” She finally decided to leave Jezebel. “It took over a year to decompress . . . a year until I was focusing more on myself than on what was happening on the Internet.” Since my own final straw moment, I have become an evangelist for the need to disconnect from our always-connected lives and reconnect with ourselves. It has guided the editorial philosophy behind HuffPost’s twenty-six Lifestyle sections in the United States, in which we promote the ways that we can take care of ourselves and lead balanced, centered lives while making a positive difference in the world. As HuffPost is spreading around the world, we’re incorporating this editorial priority into all our international editions—in Canada, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, Germany, as well as in Japan, Brazil, and South Korea. I remember it as if it were yes-
terday: I was twenty-three years old and I was on a promotional tour for my first book, The Female Woman, which had become an unexpected international bestseller. I was sitting in my room in some anonymous European hotel. The room could have been a beautifully arranged still life. There were yellow roses on the desk, Swiss chocolates by my bed, and French champagne on ice. The only noise was the crackling of the ice as it slowly melted into water. The voice in my head was much louder. “Is that all there is?” Like a broken record, the question famously posed by Peggy Lee (for those old enough to remember) kept repeating itself in my brain, robbing me of the joy I had expected to find in my success. “Is that really all there is?” If this is “living,” then what is life? Can the goal of life really be just about money and recognition? From a part of myself, deep inside me—from the part of me that is my mother’s daughter—came a resounding “No!” It is an answer that turned me gradually but firmly away from lucrative offers to speak and write again and again on the subject of “the female woman.” It started me instead on the first step of a long journey. My journey from that first moment of recognition that I didn’t want to live my life within the
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boundaries of what our culture defined as success was hardly a straight line. At times it was more like a spiral, with a lot of downturns when I found myself caught up in the very whirlwind that I knew would not lead to the life I most wanted. That’s how strong is the pull of the first two metrics, even for
throne not by fortune of birth but by the visible markers of success, we dream of the means by which we might be crowned. Or perhaps it’s the constant expectation, drummed into us from childhood, that no matter how humble our origins we, too, can achieve the American dream. And the American dream, which has been
The space, the gaps, the pauses, the silence—those things that allow us to regenerate and recharge—had all but disappeared in my own life and in the lives of so many I knew. someone as blessed as I was to have a mother who lived a Third Metric life before I knew what the Third Metric was. That’s why this book is a kind of a homecoming for me. When I first lived in New York in the eighties, I found myself at lunches and dinners with people who had achieved the first two metrics of success—money and power—but who were still looking for something more. Lacking a line of royalty in America, we have elevated to princely realms the biggest champions of money and power. Since one gains today’s
exported all over the world, is currently defined as the acquisition of things: houses, cars, boats, jets, and other grown-up toys. But I believe the second decade of this new century is already very different. There are, of course, still millions of people who equate success with money and power—who are determined to never get off that treadmill despite the cost in terms of their well-being, relationships, and happiness. There are still millions desperately looking for the next promotion, the next milliondollar payday that they believe will satisfy their longing to feel better about themselves, or silence their dissatisfaction. But both in the
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West and in emerging economies, there are more people every day who recognize that these are all dead ends—that they are chasing a broken dream. That we cannot find the answer in our current definition of success alone because—as Gertrude Stein once said of Oakland—“There is no there there.” More and more scientific studies and more and more health statistics are showing that the way we’ve been leading our lives—what we prioritize and what we value—is not working. And growing numbers of women—and men—are refusing to join the list of casualties. Instead, they are reevaluating their lives, looking to thrive rather than merely succeed based on how the world measures success. The latest science proves that increased stress and burnout have huge consequences for both our personal health and our health care system. Researchers at Carnegie Mellon found that from 1983 to 2009, there was between a 10 and 30 percent increase in stress levels across all demographic categories. Higher levels of stress can lead to higher instances of diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, fully
three-quarters of American health care spending goes toward treating such chronic conditions. The Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital estimates that 60 to 90 percent of doctor visits are to treat stress-related conditions. While in the United Kingdom, stress has emerged in recent years as the top cause of illness across the nation. As Tim Straughan, the chief executive of the Health and Social Care Information Centre explained, “It might be assumed that stress and anxiety are conditions that result in a journey to a general practitioner’s consulting room rather than a hospital ward. However, our figures suggest thousands of cases a year arise where patients suffering from stress or anxiety become hospitalised in England.” The stress we experience impacts our children, too. Indeed, the effects of stress on children—even in utero—were emphasized in the journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics. As Nicholas Kristof put it in The New York Times: “Cues of a hostile or indifferent environment flood an infant, or even a fetus, with stress hormones like cortisol in ways that can disrupt the body’s metabolism or the architecture of the brain. The upshot is that children are sometimes permanently undermined. Even many
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years later, as adults, they are more likely to suffer heart disease, obesity, diabetes and other physical ailments. They are also more likely to struggle in school, have short tempers and tangle with the law.” One reason we give for allowing stress to build in our lives is that we don’t have time to take care of ourselves. We’re too busy chas-
by our work. It’s easy to allow professional obligations to overwhelm us, and to forget the things and the people that truly sustain us. It’s easy to let technology wrap us in a perpetually harried, stressedout existence. It’s easy, in effect, to miss the real point of our lives even as we’re living them. Until we’re no longer alive. A eulogy is often the
We need to redefine what we value, and change workplace culture so that working till all hours and walking around exhausted become stigmatized instead of lauded. ing a phantom of the successful life. The difference between what such success looks like and what truly makes us thrive isn’t always clear as we’re living our lives. But it becomes much more obvious in the rear- view mirror. Have you noticed that when we die, our eulogies celebrate our lives very differently from the way society defines success? Eulogies are, in fact, very Third Metric. But while it’s not hard to live a life that includes the Third Metric, it’s very easy not to. It’s easy to let ourselves get consumed
first formal marking down of what our lives were about—the foundational document of our legacy. It is how people remember us and how we live on in the minds and hearts of others. And it is very telling what we don’t hear in eulogies. We almost never hear things like: “The crowning achievement of his life was when he made senior vice president.” Or: “He increased market share for his company multiple times during his tenure.” Or: “She never stopped working. She ate lunch at her desk. Every day.” Or:
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“He never made it to his kid’s Little League games because he always had to go over those figures one more time.” Or: “While she didn’t have any real friends, she had six hundred Facebook friends, and she dealt with every email in her in-box every night.” Or: “His PowerPoint slides were always meticulously prepared.” Our eulogies are always about the other stuff: what we gave, how we connected, how much we meant to our family and friends, small kindnesses, lifelong passions, and the things that made us laugh. So why do we spend so much of our limited time on this earth focusing on all the things our eulogy will never cover? “Eulogies aren’t résumés,” David Brooks wrote. “They describe the person’s care, wisdom, truthfulness and courage. They describe the million little moral judgments that emanate from that inner region.” And yet we spend so much time and effort and energy on those résumé entries—entries that lose all significance as soon as our heart stops beating. Even for those who die with amazing Wikipedia en-
tries, whose lives were synonymous with accomplishment and achievement, their eulogies focus mostly on what they did when they weren’t achieving and succeeding. They aren’t bound by our current, broken definition of success. Look at Steve Jobs, a man whose life, at least as the public saw it, was about creating things— things that were, yes, amazing and game changing. But when his sister, Mona Simpson, rose to honor him at his memorial service, that’s not what she focused on. Yes, she talked about his work and his work ethic. But mostly she raised these as manifestations of his passions. “Steve worked at what he loved,” she said. What really moved him was love. “Love was his supreme virtue,” she said, “his god of gods. “When [his son] Reed was born, he began gushing and never stopped. He was a physical dad, with each of his children. He fretted over Lisa’s boyfriends and Erin’s travel and skirt lengths and Eve’s safety around the horses she adored.” And then she added this touching image: “None of us who attended Reed’s graduation party will ever forget the scene of Reed and Steve slow dancing.” His sister made abundantly clear in her eulogy that Steve
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Jobs was a lot more than just the guy who invented the iPhone. He was a brother and a husband and a father who knew the true value of what technology can so easily distract us from. Even if you build an iconic product, one that lives on in our lives, what is foremost in the minds of the people you care about most are the
prioritizing the things that really matter. Anyone with a smartphone and a full email in-box knows that it’s easy to be busy while not being aware that we’re actually living. A life that embraces the Third Metric is one lived in a way that’s mindful of our eventual eulogy. “I’m always relieved when someone is delivering a eulogy and I realize I’m
The last time my mother got angry with me before she died was when she saw me reading my email and talking to my children at the same time. memories you built in their lives. In her 1951 novel Memoirs of Hadrian, Marguerite Yourcenar has the Roman emperor meditating on his death: “It seems to me as I write this hardly important to have been emperor.” Thomas Jefferson’s epitaph describes him as “author of the Declaration of American Independence . . . and father of the University of Virginia.” There is no mention of his presidency. The old adage that we should live every day as if it were our last usually means that we shouldn’t wait until death is imminent to begin
listening to it,” joked George Carlin. We may not be able to witness our own eulogy, but we’re actually writing it all the time, every day. The question is how much we’re giving the eulogizer to work with. In the summer of 2013, an obituary of a Seattle woman named Jane Lotter, who died of cancer at sixty, went viral. The author of the obit was Lotter herself. “One of the few advantages of dying from Grade 3, Stage IIIC endometrial cancer, recurrent and metastasized to the liver and abdomen,” she wrote, “is that you have time to write your own obituary.” After giving a lovely and lively account of her life, she showed that
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she lived with the true definition of success in mind. “My beloved Bob, Tessa, and Riley,” she wrote. “My beloved friends and family. How precious you all have been to me. Knowing and loving each one of you was the success story of my life.” Whether you believe in an afterlife—as I do—or not, by being fully present in your life and in the lives of those you love, you’re not just writing your own eulogy; you’re creating a very real version of your afterlife. It’s an invaluable lesson— one that has much more credence while we have the good fortune of being healthy and having the energy and freedom to create a life of purpose and meaning. The good news is that each and every one of us still has time to live up to the best version of our eulogy. This book is designed to help us move from knowing what to do to actually doing it. As I know all too well, this is no simple matter. Changing deeply ingrained habits is especially difficult. And when many of these habits are the product of deeply ingrained cultural norms, it is even harder. This is the challenge we face in redefining success. This is the challenge we face in making Third Metric principles part of our daily lives.
This book is about the lessons I’ve learned and my efforts to embody the Third Metric principles—a process I plan to be engaged in for the rest of my life. It also brings together the latest data, academic research, and scientific findings (some of them tucked away in endnotes), which I hope will convince even the most skeptical reader that the current way we lead our lives is not working and that there are scientifically proven ways we can live our lives differently—ways that will have an immediate and measurable impact on our health and happiness. And, finally, because I want it to be as practical as possible, I have also included many daily practices, tools, and techniques that are easy to incorporate into our lives. These three threads are pulled together by one overarching goal: to reconnect with ourselves, our loved ones, and our community—in a word, to thrive.
*** We have, if we’re lucky, about thirty thousand days to play the game of life. How we play it will be determined by what we value. Or, as David Foster Wallace put it, “Everybody worships. The only choice we get is what to worship. And the compelling reason for
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maybe choosing some sort of god or spiritual-type thing to worship—be it JC or Allah, be it Yahweh or the Wiccan Mother Goddess, or the Four Noble Truths, or some inviolable set of ethical principles—is that pretty much anything else you worship will eat you alive.” We now know through the latest scientific findings that if we
lead the lives we want (as opposed to the lives we’ve settled for) without learning to go inward. My goal is for this book to chart another way forward—a way available to all of us right now, wherever we find ourselves. A way based on the timeless truth that life is shaped from the inside out—a truth that has been cel-
Since one gains today’s throne not by fortune of birth but by the visible markers of success, we dream of the means by which we might be crowned. worship money, we’ll never feel truly abundant. If we worship power, recognition, and fame, we’ll never feel we have enough. And if we live our lives madly rushing around, trying to find and save time, we’ll always find ourselves living in a time famine, frazzled and stressed. “Onward, upward, and inward” is how I ended my commencement speech at Smith. And in many ways, this book is bearing witness, both through my own experience and through the latest science, to the truth that we cannot thrive and
ebrated by spiritual teachers, poets, and philosophers throughout the ages, and has now been validated by modern science. I wanted to share my own personal journey, how I learned the hard way to step back from being so caught up in my busy life that life’s mystery would pass me by. But it was also important to me to make it clear that this was not just one woman’s journey. There’s a collective longing to stop living in the shallows, to stop hurting our health and our relationships by striving so relentlessly after success as the world defines it—and instead tap into the riches, joy, and amaz-
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ing possibilities that our lives embody. It doesn’t matter what your entry point is or what form your wake-up call takes. It could be burnout, sickness, addiction, the loss of a loved one, the ending of a relationship, a line of poetry that stirs something ineffable in you (I’ve sprinkled plenty of those throughout the book), or a scientific study about the power and benefits of slowing down, or sleep, or meditating, or mindfulness that speaks to you (I’ve scattered more than plenty of those throughout the book too). Whatever your entry point is—embrace it. You will find you have the wind at your back because that’s what our times are calling for. And I hope I’ve shown that there are many tools in our inner tool box to help us get back on track when we veer off. And we undoubtedly will. Again and again. But remember that while the
world provides plenty of insistent, flashing, high-volume signals directing us to make more money and climb higher up the ladder, there are almost no worldly signals reminding us to stay connected to the essence of who we are, to take care of ourselves along the way, to reach out to others, to pause to wonder, and to connect to that place from which everything is possible. To quote my Greek compatriot Archimedes again: “Give me a place to stand, and I will move the world.” So find your place to stand— your place of wisdom and peace and strength. And from that place, remake the world in your own image, according to your own definition of success, so that all of us—women and men—can thrive and live our lives with more grace, more joy, more compassion, more gratitude, and yes, more love. Onward, upward, and inward!
Thrive:
The Third Metric to Redefining Success and Creating a Life of Well-Being, Wisdom, and Wonder, published by Crown, is out on March 25. TAP HERE TO ORDER: iTUNES | AMAZON | BARNES & NOBLE
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Key Moments in Black History, Then and Now Every day, we walk through places where history was made years ago. Sometimes, that location is marked by a plaque or a statue, but other times we tread on the very same places where the footsteps of men and women changed the world without even knowing it. In honor of Black History Month, The Huffington Post created these images of iconic civil rights locations and what they looked like, then and now. — Danielle Cadet PHOTO ILLUSTRATIONS BY TROY DUNHAM
NEW YORK DAILY NEWS ARCHIVE VIA GETTY IMAGES ; DAMON DAHLEN
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Apollo Theater Located at 253 W. 125th Street in Harlem, the Apollo Theater is a pillar of rich history in a community that has been a hub for black achievement and creativity for decades. Although it originally opened under a different name in 1914, black people were not allowed in the theater until new management took over the establishment in 1934. The theater catapulted the careers of a number of major black entertainers. Today, it sits between a GameStop and a Red Lobster and continues to be the host venue for major events. PHOTO OR ILLUSTRATION CREDIT TK
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Cotton Club The famed New York City club is credited for launching the career of greats like Duke Ellington, Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald, Nat King Cole and Louis Armstrong. The club was originally located at the corner of Lenox Avenue and W. 142nd St. in Harlem. It hosted an audience that often included New York’s high society and performances by the most prominent jazz musicians of the day. After the 1935 race riots in Harlem, the area was considered unsafe for whites — who comprised the majority of the Cotton Club’s clientele — and the club was forced to close in February 1936. It reopened in September 1936, downtown on 200 W. 48th St. Today, a community center called the MiniSink Townhouse sits on the corner where the jazz club once stood.
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Ebbets Field Once the home of the Brooklyn Dodgers and stomping grounds of Jackie Robinson, Ebbets Field was located at the corner of Bedford Avenue and Montgomery St. in what is now the Crown Heights neighborhood of Brooklyn. The stadium, which was built by architect Charles Ebbets, opened on April 9, 1913. The Dodgers played there for 44 years until they moved to Los Angeles after the 1957 season. Today, there is a housing complex in the place where the baseball park once stood, situated between Medgar Evers College and The Jackie Robinson School.
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Edmund Pettus Bridge Forty eight years ago, the Edmund Pettus Bridge was the site of a horrific attack on some 600 civil rights demonstrators. When the then Alabama governor George Wallace ordered state and local police to stop the march on grounds of public safety, the group was confronted by authorities armed with billy clubs and tear gas in what infamously became known as “Bloody Sunday.” In March 2013, the bridge was declared a historic landmark. The attack contributed heavily to the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, a law that is widely considered to be the country’s most effective piece of civil rights legislation. In June 2013, the Supreme Court struck down Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act, the provision that designates which parts of the country must have changes to their voting laws cleared by the federal government or in federal court.
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Langston Hughes’ Home Located at 20 E. 127th St., the home of writer and poet Langston Hughes was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. Hughes spent the last 20 years of his life in the five-bedroom brownstone. The house reportedly went on sale in 2011, and was originally listed for $1.2 million, but the price was dropped to $1 million.
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U.S. GOVERNMENT; ADAM JONES, PH.D.
Central High School U.S. paratroopers in full battle dress escort 9 black children — three boys and six girls — on September 25, 1957, in Little Rock, Arkansas, into Central High School, after President Eisenhower decided the day before to send federal troops and bring the state under federal control to protect black children against white demonstrators. The federal troops kept the children away while a crowd of more than 400 white men and women jeered, “Go home, niggers.” Today, Central High School is an accredited comprehensive public high school and a national historic site.
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Lenox Avenue Malcolm X speaks to a crowd at a rally in Harlem at 115th Street and Lenox Avenue on Sept. 7, 1963. Today, that same corner boasts the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Towers, a dry cleaners and a deli.
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Lorraine Motel Civil rights leader Andrew Young (left) and others on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tenn., point in the direction of gun shots after the assassination of civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who is lying at their feet, on April 4, 1968. Today, the site is the privately owned National Civil Rights Museum at 450 Mulberry St.
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L.A. Riots On April 29, 1992, four L.A. police officers were found not guilty of assault and using excessive force after a video surfaced of them brutally beating Rodney King. The trial verdict set off emotions in the black community that had endured police brutality and abuse for years prior. The bubbling anger boiled over into what is now known as the 1992 L.A. Riots. The riots lasted for five days, starting in the southern part of the city and eventually spreading. More than 60 people lost their lives and hundreds of businesses were burned to the ground, including the Trak Auto store on Washington Boulevard near Norton Avenue, where a teriyaki restaurant and fish restaurant stand today.
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Superdome Hurricane Katrina was one of the deadliest, most destructive and most costly storms in U.S. history. More than 1,800 people lost their lives and more than 1 million people were displaced from their homes. Some 20,000 sought refuge in the Superdome, home of the New Orleans Saints. But the stadium quickly transformed from a haven of shelter to a horrific site of crime, death and sickness that wasn’t much safer or cleaner than the city streets. At least two people, including one child, were raped in the arena, and one man committed suicide, jumping 50 feet to his death. The stadium was slowly evacuated and cleaned in the months after the hurricane, and today, the city’s beloved football team plays there once again.
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NPS; CHRISTIAN FUCHS
National Council of Negro Women Mary McLeod Bethune achieved great success at the Washington, D.C., townhouse at 1318 Vermont Ave. NW. The house was the first headquarters of the National Council of Negro Women (NCNW) and was Bethune’s last home in D.C. From here, Bethune and the NCNW spearheaded strategies and developed programs that advanced the interests of African-American women. Today, it is a national historic site.
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Nice to Meet You. I’ve Already Taken Your Picture. BY BIANCA BOSKER
N EIGHT DAYS, I took 5,940 photos of me eating cereal, getting crushed on the subway, cutting my fingernails and checking my iPhone. I have photographed myself 523 times while writing this story. And in the time it takes you to read this, I could easily have snapped another dozen of you. Probably without you noticing. I owe it all to my favorite new accessory: a Triscuitsized, wearable camera called the Narrative Clip that automatically snaps a photo every 30 seconds. I’ve used the camera clipped to my clothes, strapped on my purse, fastened to a dog and propped up on my desk, where it’s watching me now through a
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The Triscuitsized Narrative Clip camera is scheduled to ship in March and costs $279 to purchase.
Exit pinhead-shaped lens in the corner of its white plastic frame. That black spot is the only vague hint it’s something more sinister than a pretty pin. From its rotating perch, my personal paparazzo has followed me to brunch, the office, dinners, two concerts, a baby shower, a television appearance, and even, by accident, to the bathroom. It stops shooting only when I slip it in my pocket. If you’re anything like my friends, whose distaste for my surveillance binge I’ve captured on camera in frowns and furrowed brows, what you’re really wondering by now is, “Why?” Why be a creepy Tracking Tom who photographs strangers twice a minute? And why bother capturing such scintillating still-lives as the inside of a fridge? Yet if you’re anything like the nearly 3,000 individuals who funded the Narrative Clip’s Kickstarter campaign, or the thousands more who’ve embraced “lifelogging” with tools like the FitBit, the appeal is obvious. Our memories are scattered, untrustworthy little things constantly misplacing important details from our lives. Computers, on the other hand, boast infinite brainpower
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and a knack for tracking everything we do — one that gets better by the day. While people decry Big Brother-esque scrutiny amid disclosures of NSA spying and the spread of security cameras, the Narrative Clip taps into a related,
Why be a creepy Tracking Tom who photographs strangers twice a minute? And why bother capturing such scintillating still-lives as the inside of a fridge?” but oddly contradictory, impulse: a zeal for subjecting ourselves to ceaseless surveillance, provided we’re in charge of the data. The camera indulges a longstanding desire for technologyenabled total recall, an obsession that’s transforming the act of forgetting from an inevitable outcome into something that requires an active choice. Yet even more than expanding my memories, I found my own camera companion was actually creating new ones. Martin Källström, the co-founder of Narrative, says his own glitchy cerebral cortex inspired the minicamera. While birthdays and holi-
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days are photographed (and thus remembered) in copious detail, he was distressed by how quickly the mundane events of everyday life, like breakfast with his kids, slipped from memory. He wanted something capable of “gathering as much data as possible” in a way that was “very, very effortless,” Källström told me in a 2012 interview. And thus was born the Narrative Clip, which claims to satisfy “the dream of a photographic memory.”
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“Sadly, I’ve lost both my parents, and I really feel that the time I spent with them is fading, and the memories of them are fading much more quickly than I’d like them to,” Källström said. “What is left are the stories that we have always told each other … and the photos that have ended up in albums. The in-betweens are getting lost more and more.” The early computer pioneer Vannevar Bush shared a similar concern. In his influential 1945 essay “As We May Think,” Bush made a case for augmenting the human
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The Narrative Clip captures the author at work, at home and during her commute.
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Exit mind by creating an all-remembering storage device Bush dubbed the “memex.” A person would create this “enlarged intimate supplement to his memory” by feeding it books, letters, records and the images captured by an unusual camera. Bush predicted the “camera hound of the future” would supplement memory by attaching to his forehead a camera only “a little larger than a walnut.” He was off only by the size: Narrative Clip is smaller than a walnut, though its creators do suggest strapping it to a headband. (This isn’t fantastic news for anyone who cares about their privacy. Like Google Glass, the Narrative Clip also enables stranger-onstranger surveillance that, short of banning the technology or strictly limiting its uses, could be impossible to suppress as the device’s popularity grows.) At the end of a week, my Narrative Clip had assembled a photographic “memex” that offers the closest thing yet to a time machine. The Narrative app divvies my photos into albums that transport me to a specific time — my car ride Saturday, Feb. 1 at 12:46 p.m., for example — for a taste of who I was and what I was doing at that precise moment in the past.
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The Narrative Clip taps into a related, but oddly contradictory, impulse: a zeal for subjecting ourselves to ceaseless surveillance, provided we’re in charge of the data.” None of my Clip snaps have made it to Instagram, nor have I bothered to weed out the bad ones. The pleasure, as Källström envisioned, comes from replaying a stop-action animation of an unremarkable, totally average day. Looking through my albums, the only remarkable thing that emerges is how much I’d give to see the same kind of photos taken during an average day when I was 4, or 16, or even 26. But then there were the things I couldn’t place, like the bizarre looks from unknown individuals, or the bookshelf in my apartment that, seen from a new angle, suddenly looked sadly shabby. The Narrative Clip didn’t just
Exit let me “relive life’s special and everyday moments,” as the ad copy on the camera’s sleek box had promised. When I scrolled through the thousands of photos it captured, I had the feeling of discovering entirely new dimensions to an experience I thought I knew. It both jogged my memory and fiddled with it. I’m crushed to discover someone sneering at me as I passed by her, leaving me obsessed trying to explain this mystery enemy I ticked off for unknown reasons. A picture of me gesticulating while I chat with a friend caught him looking miffed at our conversation. But since the Narrative can only tell me that we were talking — not what we were talking about — I can’t remember if I said something that might have irked him. Should I apologize? For what? Was it an awkward remark, or just the shutter’s awkward timing? And then there’s watching my bad habits replayed over and over and over during the hundreds of photos during my workday — the nibbling, the lip-biting, the squinting, the snacking. Cruel and unusual punishment indeed. The Narrative Clip lets me see my life through someone else’s eyes
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— or in this case, the unfocused and impartial eye of a machine. Its blunt record can expose our faults. As Bush wrote, “Presumably man’s spirit should be elevated if he can better review his shady past and
I’m crushed to discover someone sneering at me as I passed by her, leaving me obsessed trying to explain this mystery enemy I ticked off for unknown reasons.” analyze more completely and objectively his present problems.” And yet, as any historian knows, reconstructing our past requires interpretation along with the facts. Even if an all-capturing camera provides us with a photo documentary of our lives, we still get final say when inventing the story that goes with it. That picture of my friend, for instance. I just remembered what was happening: He was taken aback by the brilliant, inspired and utterly earth-shattering observation I’d made that same moment. At least the picture doesn’t say otherwise.
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THE THIRD METRIC
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A 21-Year-Old Intern Had to Die to Get Wall Street to Change Its Ways BY JILLIAN BERMAN
T’S NO SECRET that banking interns work extremely long hours, frequently pull allnighters, earn little respect from higher-ups and perform the most
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tedious of tasks. For several years, the Ivy League’s best and brightest had started to signal they wanted something different from their careers, quietly eschewing highpaying Wall Street gigs for jobs in Silicon Valley or with nonprofits like Teach For America. Yet
Exit the banks didn’t seem all that concerned about the toll their long hours were taking — until a 21-year-old summer intern died. In August, an intern working for Bank of America’s investment banking division was found dead in his London apartment toward the end of his sevenweek summer assignment. News reports first said Morris Erhardt died of exhaustion, worn out after working all night for several nights in row. And though that turned out not to be the case — an investigation after his death determined he died of natural causes, according to Reuters — it was too late to quiet the firestorm of criticism about the way the financial industry treats its youngest workers. The banks were forced to reckon with what many view as an old-fashioned office culture that no longer meshes with how 20-somethings view work. At least six banks have since changed key workplace policies as they aim to entice 20-somethings to stick with the company and help young workers carve out more time away from the office. Bank of America now requires that the bank’s youngest staffers
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take at least four weekend days off per month. In addition, bank officials said in January that BofA would have staffers dedicated to monitoring junior bankers’ work hours and making sure they were developing important skills. Citigroup was the latest of several Wall Street banks to acknowledge it had at least a PR problem when the company announced in a memo to staff last month that ju-
We’re at a period of time where the people seem to be screaming ‘We want more balance.’ We’re listening to them.” nior bankers should stay home on Saturdays and are expected to use all of their vacation days. Goldman Sachs saw the writing on the wall before some of the other banks woke up to the fact that junior bankers were decamping to different industries to avoid such long hours. The company created a “Junior Banker Task Force,” focused on making conditions for young staffers a bit more livable, months before Erhardt’s death. “We’re at a period of time
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where the people seem to be screaming ‘We want more balance.’ We’re listening to them,” said Jason Wingard, the chief learning officer at Goldman Sachs. A large part of Wingard’s job is to think about how to best address the needs of young bankers who aren’t interested in working 18-hour days, but who want to grow with the company. The result: Goldman announced
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in October that junior staffers should stay away from the office on Saturdays. It’s is a small step, Wingrad acknowledged, speaking to The Huffington Post at a conference in New York where business leaders and researchers discussed the best ways to create a sustainable, happy and healthy workforce. Goldman is also starting to tap into practices typically more associated with a startup than a staid bank. The Wall Street giant now offers meditation classes, for example.
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The New York Stock Exchange Building on Wall Street.
Exit “We understand the disconnect now,” Wingrad said. “They’ve seen the effects of parents who work very hard, and they’re afraid of it. What is it that we can do to entice them so that they stay longer [at the firm]?” For the past several years, grueling internships at Wall Street banks have marked the pinnacle of success for young, ambitious students. Finance interns typically earn between $3,000 and $5,000 a month and are in the running for full-time jobs that can start in the six figures in some cases. But today’s 20-somethings are starting to demand a little bit more than prestige. They want promises their contributions will be valued and a schedule that gives them a life — or, at least if they’re going to stick around the office all day, they want to have fun. When Blake was an investment banking intern at JPMorgan Chase, he pulled 12-hour days toiling away — often in boredom. Blake, who asked that his last name be withheld to protect his career, remembers one particularly late night, or rather early morning, when he found himself walking home at 4:30 a.m. after sitting behind a com-
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puter for hours tweaking PowerPoint slides to death. “What am I doing?” Blake said he remembers thinking, as the sun began to peek out from the horizon on his walk home. “This is just two and a half months. I was dying doing it, and people do this for two years.” Blake earned about $12,000 that summer, but it wasn’t worth it, he said. “The attitude is just
Goldman is also starting to tap into practices typically more associated with a startup than a staid bank. The Wall Street giant now offers meditation classes.” always having to be there and just always trying to impress people. Sometimes you needed to be sitting there just to be sitting there.” Now at a smaller private equity firm, Blake works from 9 to 7, and he said he’s occupied every day with actual responsibilities. The 24-year-old leads conference calls with CFOs of small companies and travels across the country giving clients advice. And when he does have to stay late, the atmosphere
Exit is much more collegial than on Wall Street, Blake said. He recently went on a 5-mile run with his boss during a business trip, something he said would have never happened at his old job. “Everybody knows each other; we shoot the shit all the time,” Blake said. For him, leaving the world of suits and the need to constantly check his BlackBerry was such a “no brainer” that he left his bonus on the table — essentially passing up thousands of dollars — to do so. “[Young people] definitely want a different deal from their work than their fathers and mothers did,” said Stewart Friedman, the director of the Work/ Life Integration program at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton Business School. “Part of it is the role models — or lack of role models — for the kinds of lives they want to live in their own parents. They see a lifestyle of all-consuming immersion in work that is not something that they want to do.” Friedman conducted a study comparing the expectations of college seniors in 1992 to those of graduating seniors in 2012. He found today’s 20-somethings
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were more likely than their older counterparts to say their job should provide them with a sense of purpose and the chance to help others. In addition, the 2012 seniors were more likely to associate career success with being able to determine their own hours and have time to themselves. More traditional companies outside of banking are catching on. MGM resorts advertises a
The attitude is just always having to be there and just always trying to impress people. Sometimes you needed to be sitting there just to be sitting there.” “work, live, play” attitude for its program, which provides paid interns with opportunities like pool parties with a DJ, volunteer trips during work hours and running one of the resorts’ famed roller coasters. Their strategy of catering to interns is paying off. According to Adam Miller, who runs the program, the company has so far received more than 1,000 applications for just 40 slots open for this summer.
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Say Goodbye to Soggy PB&Js BY KRISTEN AIKEN AND EVA HILL
Exit EANUT BUTTER AND jelly sandwiches are the most basic food a person can make. Give a child a plastic knife (you know, for safety reasons, because we love children and their precious little fingers), and your kindergartener can probably make one that rivals yours. And yet: you’ve been doing it all wrong. We have all come to accept the nature of a PB&J sandwich as inherently soggy, and we’ve come to expect a streak of red or purple jam to have bled through our bread by noon. But that’s only because we’ve been constructing our sandwiches with sheer stupidity, thus lowering our PB&J standards. It’s time to change this. We recently discovered there’s a better way to make peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. Our readers are typically jaded to the internet’s myriad cooking tips, and we expected to find the same when we told them that by simply spreading peanut butter on both sides of the
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We have all come to accept the nature of a PB&J sandwich as inherently soggy, and we’ve come to expect a streak of red or purple jam to have bled through our bread by noon.” bread, they could prevent sandwich sogginess (because of course, the sogginess is the jam’s fault). But in atypical fashion, our readers were aghast at the years they spent making wrongful PB&Js, and have been spreading this new gospel to their friends and loved ones to save them from a sad PB&J future. To help further get the word out, we’ve made the video above to demonstrate this simple technique, along with an extra pro tip for those of you ready to have your minds completely blown.
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MUSIC
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Dog Ears: Born in February In which we spotlight music from a diversity of genres and decades, lending an insider’s ear to what deserves to be heard. BY THE EVERLASTING PHIL RAMONE AND DANIELLE EVIN
SMOKE FAIRIES
MULATU ASTATKE
JUNIOR WELLS
Smoke Fairies are the London-based alternative art duo comprised of Jessica Davies and Katherine Blamire. Founded in the aughts by way of New Orleans, Vancouver and London, the two have since issued a handful of albums and various releases into the ether. Their phantasmic vocals and arrangements reel you in on their spectral riptide. Collaborations/shared stages include Rasputina, Bryan Ferry, Jack White, Laura Marling, Head, and The Handsome Family. Discover “Living With Ghosts,” from Smoke Fairies’ 2010 Ghosts (Bonus Track Version), and get the full album.
Ethio-jazz composer/arranger and multi-instrumentalist Mulatu Astatke was born in western Ethiopia in 1943. After music studies in London and New York, he attended Boston’s Berklee College of Music. Astatke’s ever-enduring contribution to the flowering of world music made its early fingerprints in the ’70s. Most recently, he held court at Harvard and M.I.T. and was named a Doctor of Music by his alma mater in 2012. Collaborations include Duke Ellington, Jim Jarmusch, the Either/ Orchestra, Bennie Maupin, Azar Lawrence, and Phil Ranelin. Discover the haunting swing of Mulatu Astatke’s “Mètché Dershé (When Am I Going to Reach There?),” from his 1998 release Éthiopiques, Vol. 4: Ethio Jazz & Musique Instrumentale (1969-1974).
Blues-harp potentate Junior Wells (Amos Wells Blakemore Jr.) was born in Memphis in the early ’30s. Tutored by the great Little Junior Parker, young Amos hit the legendary Chicago club scene before he could drive. Wells’ devil-may-care swagger set him on his way in the early ’50s, cutting the first of what would become four-plus decades’ worth of vinyl must-haves. Among the genius’ collaborations: Muddy Waters, Little Walter, Buddy Guy, Willie Dixon, Rolling Stones, Van Morrison, Otis Spann and James Brown. This Blues Hall of Famer’s accolades include two Grammy nominations and the W.C. Handy Blues Award for Traditional Blues Album. Wells passed away in 1998. Remember him with the 1969 title “I Could Have Had Religion,” from the Southside Blues Jam collection.
BUY: iTunes GENRE: Jazz/World ARTIST: Mulatu Astatke SONG: Mètché Dershé (When Am I Going to Reach There?) ALBUM: Éthiopiques, Vol. 4: Ethio Jazz & Musique Instrumentale (1969-1974)
BUY: iTunes.com GENRE: Blues ARTIST: Junior Wells SONG: I Could Have Had Religion ALBUM: Southside Blues Jam
BUY: iTunes GENRE: Alternative ARTIST: Smoke Fairies SONG: Living With Ghosts ALBUM: Ghosts (Bonus Track Version)
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BESSIE JONES (& GROUP) Spiritual singer Bessie Jones was born in Georgia in 1902. Early music memories began with the songs of her grandfather, a former slave. As a young adult, Jones relocated to the Georgia Sea Islands, where slaves from both the Bahamas and the Deep South once took refuge. During the Great Depression, Jones fused her American folk roots with Bahamian sounds and founded the Georgia Sea Island Singers. By the late ’50s, music historian Alan Lomax brought Jones to the fore. She went on to record several sides over the years and also published a children’s book based on her girlhood. In 1982, Jones was honored with the National Heritage Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts. The songbird passed away in 1984. Remember Bessie Jones with “Union,” from The Alan Lomax Collection: Southern Journey, Vol. 13–Earliest Times. BUY: iTunes GENRE: Christian & Gospel ARTIST: Bessie Jones (& Group) SONG: Union ALBUM: The Alan Lomax Collection: Southern Journey, Vol. 13–Earliest Times
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RICHARD SKELTON
RACHEL PORTMAN
Lancaster, England-born avantexperimental multi-instrumentalist/ composer and artist Richard Skelton (aka Heidika, A Broken Consort, Harlassen, Carousell, Riftmusic, and Clouwbeck) makes a purposeful connect between the visual and the sonic. During the mid-aughts, Skelton founded his Sustain-Release label after the passing of his photographer wife, celebrating her legacy in collaboration with his music—complemented by exquisite cover art. Earth, sky and land have been key instruments to Skelton’s hand. In soul and heart, he planted the recordings and poetry back into the earth. At aughts’ end, he partnered with poet/ musician Autumn Richards on Corbel Stone Press, establishing a porthole for their “landscape-based art and recordings,” and most recently released SKURA, a 20-disc retrospective. The two are now married and live on Ireland’s west coast. Credits include films Loneliest Planet and Daas plus recordings with Agitated Radio Pilot and Saddleback. Move through Skelton’s collective of everevolving ambience with “Noon Hill Wood,” from his 2010 Landings.
Composer/pianist Rachel Portman was born at the dawn of Generation X in Haslemere, England. By her preteens, she started composing, then furthered her formal training at Oxford. At the close of the ’80s, Portman took home the British Film Institute Award for Young Composer of the Year, the Carlton Television Award, and several nominations by the British Academy of Film and Television. Portman’s career took on epic proportions in the mid’90s: She became the first woman to win an Oscar for Best Original Score (Emma), earned Oscar nominations for The Cider House Rules and Chocolat, and scooped up BMI’s Richard Kirk Award in 2010. Credits include The Duchess, The Manchurian Candidate, The Human Stain, Benny & Joon, The Joy Luck Club, Never Let Me Go, Still Life and Belle. Catch “Little Edie on Chair,” from HBO’s Emmy-winning Grey Gardens, and move your way back through this Officer of the Order of the British Empire’s vast score of works.
BUY: iTunes GENRE: Alternative/Experimental ARTIST: Richard Skelton SONG: Noon Hill Wood ALBUM: Landings
BUY: iTunes GENRE: Scores ARTIST: Rachel Portman SONG: Little Edie on Chair ALBUM: Grey Gardens
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Republicans Decide That a Bad Idea to Help the Unemployed Is Suddenly a Good Idea to Help Others
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Every 9 Seconds, Someone Sends Out a Potentially Racist Tweet
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SOME PILOTS STILL EARN NEAR THE MINIMUM WAGE
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New App Will Tell You When You Should Have Gotten Married
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Woman Catches Boyfriend in the Act... With Her Dog
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Rich Guy Says People With More Money Should Get More Votes
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Cinnabon Vodka Exists
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Woman Slices Off Tattoo of Ex’s Name, Mails Bloody Skin to Him
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THE U.S. IS LOCKING PEOPLE UP FOR BEING POOR
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WALL STREET HAS A SECRET SOCIETY WHERE THEY OPENLY MOCK THE 99 PERCENT
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