WORLDWIDE REFINERY PROCESSING REVIEW Monitoring Technology Development and Competition in One Single Source
First Quarter 2007 Gasification
HYDROCARBON PUBLISHING COMPANY Translating Knowledge into Profitability
P.O. Box 661 Southeastern, PA 19399 (U.S.A.)
SM
Phone: (610) 408-0117/ Fax: (610) 408-0118
Review@Hydrocarbonpublishing.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1Q2007 Review Gasification 10.Gasification ....................................................................................................................................... 1 A.
B.
STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNOLOGY......................................................................................................................... 1 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 1 2. Types of Gasification Reactors ................................................................................................................. 3 a) Entrained Flow ........................................................................................................................... 3 b) Fluidized Bed .............................................................................................................................. 3 c) Moving Bed ................................................................................................................................ 3 3. Commercial Processes .............................................................................................................................. 4 a) ConocoPhillips............................................................................................................................ 4 b) GE Energy .................................................................................................................................. 7 (1) Commercial Experience ............................................................................................ 9 (a) North America .................................................................................... 9 (b) Western Europe ................................................................................ 10 (c) Asia-Pacific ...................................................................................... 11 (2) Gasification Integration ........................................................................................... 11 c) Lurgi Öl Gas Chemie ................................................................................................................ 12 d) Shell Global Solutions .............................................................................................................. 15 (1) Commercial Experience .......................................................................................... 17 (2) Gasification Integration ........................................................................................... 18 e) Siemens ..................................................................................................................................... 19 f) Uhde ......................................................................................................................................... 20 4. Summary of Commercial Gasification Processes ................................................................................... 21 5. Summary of Gasification Units with Refinery-Related Feedstock .......................................................... 22 a) Installed Gasification Units ...................................................................................................... 22 b) Planned Gasification Units ....................................................................................................... 25 REFINING R&D ALERT! ...................................................................................................................................... 26 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 26 2. Process Method....................................................................................................................................... 29 a) Solid Feed ................................................................................................................................. 29 b) Liquid Feed ............................................................................................................................... 30 c) Either Feed ................................................................................................................................ 31 3. Reactor Vessel ......................................................................................................................................... 34 a) Solid Feed ................................................................................................................................. 34 b) Liquid Feed ............................................................................................................................... 37 c) Either Feed ................................................................................................................................ 38 4. Feed Injector ........................................................................................................................................... 41 a) Solid Feed ................................................................................................................................. 41 b) Liquid Feed ............................................................................................................................... 42 c) Either Feed ................................................................................................................................ 42 5. Refractory ............................................................................................................................................... 42 6. Purification ............................................................................................................................................. 43 a) Solid Feed ................................................................................................................................. 44 b) Either Feed ................................................................................................................................ 44 7. Emissions ................................................................................................................................................ 46 8. H2 Production ......................................................................................................................................... 47 9. Integration .............................................................................................................................................. 48 10. Miscellaneous ......................................................................................................................................... 48 a) Solid Feed ................................................................................................................................. 49 b) Liquid Feed ............................................................................................................................... 50 c) Either Feed ................................................................................................................................ 50
i Hydrocarbon Publishing Co./Copyright Protected