MUIDERPOORT-STATION
RE-NEWED
Studio: Hybrid Buildings | Topic: Renewal of Urban Renewal Location: Oosterspoorplein, Old East Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Hyeonsu Yang,
1535188
| 31th January 2013
Main Tutors: Paul Vermeulen (Msc3&4 - architecture) Henk Mihl (Msc4 - building technology) Architectural Tutors: Esther Gramsbergen (Msc3 - architecture) Maarten Korpershoek (Msc4 - architecture) Urbanism Tutors: Henk Engel, Willem Hermans, Marcelo Sanchez Building Technology & Climate counseling professors: Rob Nijsse (Column and Civil Engineering) John van der Vliet (Building Climate)
The Hybrid Buildings Studio, ‘Renewal of the city renewal’: How can architectural interventions activate and contribute to the process to the urban transformation? 1. Problematic neighborhoods 2. Specific traffic infrastructures such as railway tracks in the existing urban areas are considered as a problematic element in general. Because its morphological shape with its scale creates large segregation phyiscally.
Muiderpoort station, East Amsterdam
Rotterdam Zuid station, Rotterdam
Moerwijk station, Den Haag
Three common features: 1. Each study area is the expansion parts from the old city from the middle of 19th to the middle of 20th century. (residential areas) 2. Traffic infrastructures, especially railway tracks, were placed in the middle of these study areas. It causes Urban Fragmentation of these areas. 3. Nowadays, these study areas are located between the city centers(old districts) and the peripheries(outskirts area or suburban areas).
Unzipping the potential
Rotterdam Zuid station, Rotterdam
Unzipping the potential
Muiderpoort station, East Amsterdam
Moerwijk station, Den Haag
Muiderpoort station, East Amsterdam
Rotterdam Zuid station, Rotterdam
Moerwijk station, Den Haag
Muiderpoort station, East Amsterdam
Amsterdam East, two reasons: 1. In a morphological aspect, Amsterdam East shows the strong relation between the urban fragmentation and the railway infrastructures. 2. In a micro scale, the space made by the underpass and the dike for the lefted railway track shows relation between its spatial quality and the degree of connectivity among urban areas. This issue is related to phenomenological aspects.
Amsterdan Central station
Amsterdam East
Muiderpoort station
Sciencepark station
Amstel station
Problem Statement: The railway infrastructures in and around Muiderpoort station, Amsterdam East leads spatial isolation and disconnection among urban areas. Because underpasses’ bad spatial quality and railway infrastructures as urban barrier for people not to recognize it as non-urban area.
Hypothesis:
When railway infrastructures be converted into a part of urban blocks with appropriate spatial condition, the area in and around Muiderpoort station will be activated as urban area and occupied by citizen. And it lead to solve two major problems, disconnection among urban blocks and non-cognitive areas which are Oosterspoorplein and Muiderpoort station.
Expansion of Amsterdam since 19th century
AMSTERDAM AMSTERDAM MOBILITY MOBILITY DIVIDING DIVIDING AMSTERDAM MOBILITY DIVIDING AMSTERDAM AMSTERDAM MOBILITY DIVIDING HISTORY HISTORY MOBILITY HISTORY HISTORY HISTORY
Expansion Expansion Existing Railway Existing Train-station Railway (Ground) 1919 1959 1919 1939 1959 1984 1870 1870 1900 Expansion ExistingTrain-station Train-station Railway(Ground) (Ground) 1919---1939 1939 1959---1984 1984 1870---1900 1900 Expansion Train-station Railway (Ground) Expansion Existing Train-station 1919 1939 1959 1984 Railway (Ground) Moving 1870 1919- -1940 1939---1958 1959- -1985 1984---1999 Moving Closing Train-station Railway (Dike) Closing Train-station Railway (Dike) 1870- -1900 1900---1918 1940 1958 1985 1999 1900 1918 Moving Existing Closing Train-station Railway (Dike) 1940 1958 1985 1999 1900 1918 Expansion Existing Train-station Railway (Ground) 1919 - 1939 1959 - 1984 1870 - 1900 Moving Closing Railway Moving ClosingTrain-station Train-station Railway(Dike) (Dike) 1940 1985 1900 1940- -1958 1958 1985- -1999 1999 1900- -1918 1918 Moving Closing Train-station Railway (Dike) 1940 - 1958 1985 - 1999 1900 - 1918 Hulpstation Hulpstation Westerdok HulpstationWesterdok Westerdok 1878-1889 1878-1889 1878-1889 Hulpstation HulpstationWesterdok Westerdok Hulpstation Westerdok 1878-1889 1878-1889 1878-1889
Amsterdam Amsterdam Centraal Station AmsterdamCentraal CentraalStation Station 1889-Present 1889-Present 1889-Present Amsterdam AmsterdamCentraal CentraalStation Station Amsterdam Centraal Station 1889-Present 1889-Present 1889-Present
Hulpstation Hulpstation Oosterdok HulpstationOosterdok Oosterdok 1874-1879 1874-1879 1874-1879 Hulpstation HulpstationOosterdok Oosterdok Hulpstation Oosterdok 1874-1879 1874-1879 1874-1879
Amsterdam Amsterdam boundary Amsterdamboundary boundary (1877) (1877) (1877) Amsterdam Amsterdamboundary boundary (1877) (1877) Amsterdam boundary (1877)
Amsterdam Amsterdam boundary Amsterdamboundary boundary (from (from 1662) (from1662) 1662) Amsterdam Amsterdamboundary boundary Amsterdam boundary (from (from1662) 1662) (from 1662)
Weesperpoortstation Weesperpoortstation Weesperpoortstation 1843-1939 1843-1939 1843-1939 Weesperpoortstation Weesperpoortstation Weesperpoortstation 1843-1939 1843-1939 1843-1939
Oosterpark Oosterpark Oosterpark Oosterpark Oosterpark Oosterpark
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) t) chhttt)) treecch trech UUttrre ooU oU t ((ttto 3( 844333( 184 111884 t) ech t) Utr ch to tre 3 ( to U 188443 ( 1
11188 877733 3((t(t otooA AAm 1818 m meee 7373 rrsrss (to 187 (to ffofoo oorr Am 3 (t Am trt)t)) erers o A sfofo me oror rs fo t)t) or t)
Old Old Muiderpoortstation OldMuiderpoortstation Muiderpoortstation 1896-1937 1896-1937 1896-1937 Old OldMuiderpoortstation Muiderpoortstation Old Muiderpoortstation 1896-1937 1896-1937 1896-1937
Polderweg Polderweg Polderweg Polderweg Polderweg Polderweg
Amsterdam Amsterdam boundary Amsterdamboundary boundary (1896) (1896) (1896) Amsterdamboundary boundary Amsterdam (1896) Amsterdam boundary (1896) (1896)
1840-70: 1840-70: Two Two Railways Railways 1840 -Two 1870: Two Railways 1840-70: Two Railways 1840-70: Railways 1840-70: Two Railways
1870-1880: 1870-1880: City City Expansion Expansion 1870 - 1890: City Expansion 1870-1880: CityCity Expansion 1870-1880: City Expansion 1870-1880: Expansion
Phase Phase 6: 1980-2011 Phase6: 6:1980-2011 1980-2011
1880-1900: 1880-1900: New New Stations Stations & & City City Expansion Expansion 1890 - 1900: New Stations & 2nd City Expansion 1880-1900: New Stations & City Expansion 1880-1900: New Stations & City Expansion 1880-1900: New Stations & City Expansion Phase6:6:1980-2011 1980-2011 Phase Phase 6: 1980-2011
Indische Indische buurt Indischebuurt buurt New New Muiderpoortstation NewMuiderpoortstation Muiderpoortstation 1939-Present 1939-Present 1939-Present NewMuiderpoortstation Muiderpoortstation New New Muiderpoortstation 1939-Present 1939-Present 1939-Present
Indischebuurt buurt Indische Indische buurt
Sciencepark Sciencepark station Scienceparkstation station 2009-Present 2009-Present 2009-Present Scienceparkstation station Sciencepark Sciencepark station 2009-Present 2009-Present 2009-Present
Tranvaal Tranvaal buurt Tranvaalbuurt buurt Tranvaalbuurt buurt Tranvaal Tranvaal buurt
Watergraafsmeer Watergraafsmeer Watergraafsmeer Watergraafsmeer Watergraafsmeer Watergraafsmeer Amstel Amstel station Amstelstation station 1939-Present 1939-Present 1939-Present Amstelstation station Amstel Amstel station 1939-Present 1939-Present 1939-Present
1900-1936: 1900-1936: Development Development over over Railways Railways 1900-1936: Development over Railways 1900-1936: Development over Railways 1900-1936: Development over Railways 1900 - 1936: Development over Railways
1936-1980: 1936-1980: Moving Moving stations stations & & Diked Diked Railways Railways 1936-1980: Moving stations & Diked Railways 1936-1980: Moving stations & Diked Railways 1936-1980: Moving stations & Diked Railways 1939 - 1980: Moving stations & Railways on Dikes
1870 - 1900
1919 - 1939
1959 - 1984
Railway (Ground)
Expansion
Existing Train-station
1900 - 1918
1940 - 1958
1985 - 1999
Railway (Dike)
Moving
Closing Train-station
1980-2011: 1980-2011: New New Station Station 1980-2011: New Station 1980-2011: New Station 1980-2011: New Station 1980 - 2011: New Stations AMSTERDAM MOBILITY DIVIDING HISTORY
Railway on ground level : Until the early 1900, railway tracks was a boundary of the city of Amsterdam.
Railway as an urban obstacle : Rapid urban-sprawl till 1930th led that railways became the physical blockage in urban areas because tracks became to be placed in between urban blocks.
Dapper buurt
Dapper buurt
Indische buurt
Indische buurt
Muiderpoort station till 1930’s
Before 1930s’:Traffic Control by Signal
TWO SOLUTIONS FOR TWO PROBLEMS
1. RE-LOCATION
Amsterdam boundary (1877)
Amsterdam boundary (1877)
Amsterdam boundary (from 1662)
Amsterdam boundary (from 1662)
Old Muiderpoortstation 1896-1937
Weesperpoortstation 1843-1939
Weesperpoortstation 1843-1939
18
73
(to
Oosterpar
Oosterpark
18
73
Am
er
sfo
0s
(to
188
Am
er
184
t)
sfo
p
0s
188
ay
ilw
(Ra
) lan
Polderweg
p
or
t)
3(
to 3(
184
or
ay
ilw
(Ra
) lan
to ech
)
t)
t ech Utr
Utr
Amsterdam boundary (1896)
1840-70: Two Railways 1840-70: Two Railways
Indische buurt
1870-1880: City Expansion 1870-1880: City Expansion
Phase 6: 1980-2011
1880-1900: Station 1880-1900: New Stations & City New Expansion
Indische buurt New Muiderpoortstation 1939-Present
Tranvaal buurt
Phase 6: 1980-2011
Amsterdam boundary (1896)
New Muiderpoortstation 1939-Present
Sc 20
Tranvaal buurt
Watergraafsmeer
Amstel station 1939-Present
Watergraafsmeer
Amstel station 1939-Present
1900-1936: Development over Railways & Diked Railways 1980-2011: New Station 1900-1936: Development over Railways1936-1980: Moving stations 1936-1980: Moving stations & Diked Railways 1980-2011: New Station 1939 - 1980: Moving stations & Railways on Dikes 1900 - 1936: Development over Railways
C
A D
B
Fragmented Area 1 RemovedRailway (1939)
Fragmented Area 2
A. Rhijnspoorplein
B. Platanenweg
C. Zeeburgerdijk
D. Oosterspoorplein
2. DIKE & VIA-DUCT
East Amsterdam before 1936
Dike for railway track in Amsterdam Oost (from 1936 till The Present)
Muiderpoort station in 1980s
Pedestrian path alongside Muiderpoort station
Railways on a dike : Railways was raised onto a dike in 1930th. Consequently, it resulted the decline in visual connection among urban blocks.
Viaduct for urban connection : The introduction of viaducts in 1930th aimed to create physical points to improve urban connection among blocks. Technically, it was helpful but this instrument was designed not for pedestrians but more for transportation.
+ Dapper buurt
Indische buurt
Dapper buurt
Indische buurt
RESULT?
Javastraat, Indische-buurt Eerste van Swindenstraat, Dapper-buurt
Wijttenbachstraat, Dapper-buurt Domselaerstraat, Dapper-buurt
Till 1936: Direct Access on Ground
1939 - 1980s: Access through the Hall
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt
Wijttenbachstraat, Dapper-buurt Domselaerstraat, Dapper-buurt
1939 - 1980s: Access through the Hall
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt
Wijttenbachstraat, Dapper-buurt Domselaerstraat, Dapper-buurt
After 1990s: Access from Underpasses
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt
Changes of Usages: the hall of Muiderpoort station
1939
1990
Present
The Enterance of Muiderpoortstatoin
The Enterance of Muiderpoortstatoin
Not large-scale urban intervention
RAILWAY BORDERS After 1939Till (1)1900 : Railway as Boundary : Introduction of Diked Railway
Dapper buurt Dapper buurt
From 1900 to 1930s : Railway as Obstacle
Dapper buurt
Indische buurt Indische buurt
Indische buurt
Present condition (Dike) : Looking Green, Parking area & Pocket public space
After 1939 (2) Present condition (Bridge) : Introduction of Bridged Transport-oriented underpass (badRailway spatial quality)
VS Dapper buurt
Looking Green
Indische buurt
Strong visual connection
Strong physical connection
Weak visual connection
Weak physical connection
Parking Area
Public Space
CHANGES OF MUIDERPOORTSTATION 2000s
nbachstraat)
entrance & shops
+
Eerste van WijttenbachSwindenstraat, straat, DapperDapper-buurt buurt
1939 Javastraat, Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt Indische-buurt
Wijttenbachstraat, Dapperbuurt
STATION
Domselasertraat, Dapperbuurt
Before 1939: & Ground Long underpass gate ofplatform platform
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt Hall as Bike-shop
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt STATION
Domselasertraat, Dapperbuurt
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt
Introduction of Dike & Bridge
Moving the station
New Muiderpoortstation (1939-Present)
- Moving location of the station (From Eerste van Swinderstraat to Wijttenbac - Addition of platform (1 for Amersfoort > 2 for Amersfoort & Utrecht) - Construction of the Hall building as an entrance of the station - Introduction of Dike & Bridge for better connection among blocks - Seperation of routes spatially (pedestrain | transportation) Hall as entrance of station
1990: Hall as entra
Retails + Bookshop
Gallery Indischebuurt
Dapperbuurt
Oosterspoorplein
Workshop
Public library
Musical school
Oostpoort cultural facilites
Javastraat, Indische-buurt
Eerste van Swindenstraat, Dapper-buurt
The north part of the underpass will be improved its connection condition and be converted into multi funcitions related to broaden contexts: e.g, Gallery, retail shops or bookstore
Insulindeweg, Indische-buurt
Implanted similar buildings to the station hall along side the street will create urbanity visually.
Wijttenbachstraat, Dapper-buurt
Urban Plaza Public Atrim
Access to Platform
Southern parts of the underpass will be more opened and be inserted local fuctions in order to make it as a part of urban fabrics. Underneath of the structure wil be placed strong public programs like educational facilities or public library. Some parts of the structure will be occupied by the group of artists.
Oosterpoortplein can be converted to a urban plaza.
Oostpoort
Suggestion 02 - progames & enlarged underpass : Embedding functions help to make railway infrastructures as a part of urban blocks. Enlarged underpasses can improve the spatial quality of the existing underpasses which have negative perception by citizens.
Suggestion 01 - Light-box and Void : The introduction of light-box and void help to improve the spatial quality of underpass by getting more natural light. Moreover, light-boxs are also helpful for citizens to change their negative perception toward railway infrastructures.
+ Strong visual connection
Strong physical connection
Weak visual connection
Weak physical connection
Platform Level Dike + Under-
Symbol + Platform Level Opening + Function
Opening
Symbol
Symbol
+
Function
+
+ Platform
2
3
1
5
4
1. Oosterspoorplein (Public Square) 2. Restaurant (Previous Station hall) 3. Train Platform (Amsterdam-Amersfoort) 4. Train Platform (Amsterdam-Utrecht) 5. Light-boxs
Second Floor
: Muiderpoort station | 1:300 scale
N
B
7
6
8
7
6
D’
8
D
C’
2
2
A’
C
3
3
5 5 1
1
A
4
4
B’
1. Oosterspoorplein (Public Square) 2. Restaurant (Previous Station hall) 3. Public Library 4. Local Music School
5. Workshops (rentable) 6. Bookshop 7. Art-gallery 8. Retails (rentable)
First Floor
: Various public & private facilities | 1:300 scale
N
1. Oosterspoorplein (Public Square) 2. Restaurant (Previous Station hall) 3. Public Library 4. Local Music School
5. Workshops (rentable) 6. Bookshop 7. Art-gallery 8. Retails (rentable)
SECTION C-C’ (1:300 scale)
SECTION A-A’ (1:300 scale)
SECTION D-D’ (1:300 scale)
SECTION B-B’ (1:300 scale)
Ground Floor
: Various public & private facilities | 1:300 scale
N
4 3
SECTION B-B’ (1:300 scale)
5 B’
1 4
1. Oosterspoorplein (Public Square) 2. Restaurant (Previous Station hall) 3. Public Library 4. Local Music School
5. Workshops (rentable) 6. Bookshop 7. Art-gallery 8. Retails (rentable)
Ground Floor
N
: Various public & private facilities | 1:300 scale
SECTION A-A’ (1:300 scale)
1. Oosterspoorplein (Public Square) 2. Restaurant (Previous Station hall) 3. Public Library 4. Local Music School
5. Workshops (rentable)
SECTION B-B’ (1:300 scale) 6. Bookshop
7. Art-gallery 8. Retails (rentable)
SECTION C-C’ (1:300 scale)
SECTION D-D’ (1:300 scale)
First Floor
: Various public & private facilities | 1:300 scale
N
SECTION C-C’ (1:300 scale)
SECTION D-D’ (1:300 scale)
DETAIL no.01
DETAIL no.03
DETAIL no.02
DETAIL no.04
DETAIL no.08
DETAIL no.05
DETAIL no.07
DETAIL no.12
DETAIL no.13
DETAIL no.09
DETAIL no.11
DETAIL no.12
DETAIL no.16
DETAIL no.15
ELEVATION (1:25 scale)
SECTION (1:25 scale)
Thermal Insulation
DETAIL no.01
DETAIL no.03
DETAIL no.02
DETAIL no.04
DETAIL no.08
DETAIL no.05
DETAIL no.07
DETAIL no.09
DETAIL no.11
DETAIL no.12
DETAIL no.16
DETAIL no.15
SECTION (1:25 scale)
Anti-vibration system
DETAIL no.01
DETAIL no.03
DETAIL no.02
DETAIL no.04
DETAIL no.08
DETAIL no.05
DETAIL no.07
DETAIL no.09
DETAIL no.11
DETAIL no.12
DETAIL no.16
DETAIL no.15
SECTION (1:25 scale)
Lighting System
Lighting System
Natural & Mechancial Air-Ventilation
Natural & Mechancial Air-Ventilation
Water collecting & reusing system
Water collecting & reusing system