IA&B March 2015

EXPLORE

VOL 28 (7)

MARCH 2015

www.iabforum.com

INDIAN ARCHITECT & BUILDER

ARCHITECTURE Balprasoon School: ‘Abhikram’ JSW Township at Ratnagiri: Kadri Consultants SUSTAINABLE GATEWAYS Raipur Airport Chennai Airport YOUNG DESIGNERS ‘15 House of Lines and Courts The Lantern House Project ACADEMIA Light and Colour in Open Plan Offices

LED surface-mounted ceiling downlights with rotationally symmetrical light distribution, protection class IP 65, 450 to 2685 lumen. Colour temperature optionally 3000 K or 4000 K. Available in three sizes. Available as classical downlights or with partially frosted crystal sealing glass – an additional portion of vertical light produces multi-faceted light graphics.

Regional Manager Asia Pacific · International Projects · André Ng 10 Raeburn Park #02-08 · Singapore 088702 · Phone +65 6692 8029 Fax +65 6692 8001 · andre.ng@bega.com · www.bega.com

Das gute Licht.

For better architecture.

industry news

10

In ‘ColourNext 2015’ Asian Paints predicts ‘Coral Radiance’ for the year ahead

In a first in 12 editions of its annual colour trend forecast ColourNext, Asian Paints introduces ‘Colour of the Year’

I

n a brand new edition of ColourNext, the annual forecast by Asian Paints that predicts an upcoming year’s colour trends and sets up a springboard for design ideas, the company has introduced a brand new shade ‘Coral Radiance’ as the ‘Colour of the Year’ The output of an extensive research process, the Colour of the Year and the four colour trends of the year have been identified by some of India’s top designers, architects, advertising professionals and sociologists.

Introduced in 2003, ColourNext, the annual colour forecast by Asian Paints, is now in its 12 th year and has become widely recognised as a powerful reference tool for designers, architects and other professionals working with colour. The forecast, like always, has also presented four trend themes with corresponding palettes which will reflect the moods of the coming year.

‘Coral Radiance 2015’, the experts felt, has the passion of red and the cheer of yellow and its inherent warmth can galvanize the space where it is used. The colour with its positivity and longevity made the cut as the perfect colour for today’s times.

Meanwhile, the trends in ColourNext 2015, each one a take on progression, were put together to tap the emergence of the driven individual.

In ‘My City My Home’, a trend about reclaiming ownership of public spaces and redefinition, the lead palette of Coral Radiance, Oyster Grey and Royale Play Torrent captures the spirit of responsibility, action and pride. ‘My Free Will’ focuses on the inherent need to make independent, informed choices, giving the space a sense of expanse and sophistication.

ColourNext 2015’s third trend, the interestingly named ‘No Pun in Ten Did’ is meant for the irreverent few who love surprises and smart humour. Colours dominating this story are a clutter breaking pink accentuated by interesting finishes and textures. The fourth trend, ‘Start Up’ is the experts’ palette for the new self-confident Indian filled with courage to follow their passion and make that into their independent career.

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

Commenting on yet another forecast that will set the national colour trend, Mr. Amit Syngle, President-Sales, Marketing & Technology, Asian Paints Ltd says, “Colour Next is the outcome of a journey across India to gauge the subtle changes in societal behaviour that impact decor behaviour. In its 12 th year, Colour Next is acknowledged as one of the most comprehensive colour trend researches around.

A standout feature in Colour Next 2015 is the concept of the Colour of the Year. “Progress” is a strong underlying sentiment seen in all sections of the society this year. Our Colour of the Year, Coral Radiance, reflects this mood perfectly, encapsulating in it the dynamism of moving forward while still retaining an innate Indian feel to it. I do believe that the trends forecasted this year, will provide inspiration to the design community at large”.

Asian Paints’ annual forecast has been impacting décor choices in many ways. A panel of select designers across India then brainstorm over colour associations which are then translated into a range of colour ‘stories’ and trends that reflect the moods of year. These along with emerging consumer segments and an expertly curated spectrum of colours are then presented as ColourNext.

ABOUT ASIAN PAINTS Since its foundation in 1942, Asian Paints has come a long way to become India’s largest and Asia’s third largest paint company, with a turnover of ` 127.15 billion. Asian Paints operates in 17 countries and has 23 paint manufacturing facilities in the world servicing consumers in over 65 countries.

Asian Paints has always been a leader in the paint industry, pushing new concepts in India like Colour Ideas, Home Solutions, Colour Next, and Kids’ World.

For further information, contact: Ruchira Sharma/Rachita Ravindran 9619366235/9820769251 Madison PR

industry news

12

World’s 1st Super Spring FS-8400 S launched by Ozone!

O

zone Overseas announced the launch of World’s 1st SUPER SPRING in a gala product launch event organised at Ozone Lounge in hall no. 12, ZAK Glasstech 2014. Ozone Super Spring was unveiled, jointly by Alok Aggarwal, Managing Director, Ozone Overseas & Ar. Rajiv Batra in presence of other dignitaries from the industry.

Ozone Super Spring is an Innovative Spring made with patented manufacturing process. The introduction of the “Super Spring” will revolutionise the hydraulic floor spring market. This new Super Spring has been incorporated in Ozone Floor Spring- FS-8400 S that makes it stronger, durable and ensures smoother performance for years to come. Super Spring FS-8400 S from Ozone offered with 7years guarantee and available at all leading hardware stores. Tested for 10 lac cycles, this revolutionary Super Spring FS-8400 S conforms to international standards for quality, performance and safety. It offers enduring performance even in extremely high traffic areas. Super Spring-FS-8400 S highlights are:       

7years replacement guarantee 1 Million (10,00,000) cycle tested Suitable for door wt. up to 80kgs Made with Patented Manufacturing Process Stronger Spring Enhanced durability Smoother performance

Ozone’s Super Spring, FS-8400 S received fabulous response & applauds from all corners of the hardware & glass industry. Visitors were elated to see the live demonstration of other recent launches too such as Ozone Plus- Concealed Floor Spring for heavy duty application, OCFH 105 & OCFH 135 for heavy duty doors, E-Series shower hinges, Door Closers, Sheet Metal Spider Fittings, Clearline Railing systems and Wing Line- Free standing Railing & Partition System. Glass testing tools and smart builder software were another favourable attraction Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

on Ozone’s stall which gained attention of the glass processors & fabricators. Glass testing Tools from Ozone offers many advantages such that it helps in identifying right glass thereby saves surplus cost of the glass processors and fabricators; at the same time Ozone’s Smart Builder Software supports the designers and glass fabricators to design and make right BOQ for hardware & glass requirement for showers and shop-front. Smart Builder software assists in speeding up the process of quotation and reduces the chances of error resulting in exultant customers and repeat orders.

Ozone is known for delighting its customer by offering innovative hardware products & solutions ahead of time. This time again, it was double delight being gifted to its customers on the new year festivity as Ozone launched Ozone App for better shopping experience while choosing hardware products. Ozone App launched on 2nd day, 6th Dec’14, of Glasstech Expo, Pragati Maidan by Ar. Anupam Mittal, ARINEM architects who shared his views on need & importance of adapting next generation technology even for hardware retailers and consumers be it institutional or end users. He said, the launch of Ozone App will change the way of selecting and shopping the hardware products for application in various living spaces.

Live demonstration of such innovative and awe-inspiring hardware products & Solutions at Ozone Lounge made the Glasstech visitors worth devoting their precious time and energy. It made the quote true as “Leaders are made, they are not born. They are made by hard effort, which is the price which all of us must pay to achieve any goal that is worthwhile” and Ozone believe in this thought.

For further information, contact: Customer Care at 09310012300 Email: ozone@ozone-india.com Web: www.ozone-india.com

VOL 28 (7) | MARCH 2015 | WWW.IABFORUM.COM RNI Registration No. 46976/87, ISSN 0971-5509 INDIAN ARCHITECT AND BUILDER

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28 CURRENT

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Printed at M B Graphics, B-28, Shri Ram Industrial Estate, ZG D Ambekar Marg, Wadala, Mumbai 400031and Published from Mumbai - 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr D N Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001.

Editor: Maulik Jasubhai Shah, 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.

Indian Architect & Builder: (ISSN 0971-5509), RNI No 46976/87, is a JMPL monthly publication. Reproduction in any manner, in whole or part, in English or any other language is strictly prohibited. We welcome articles, but do not accept responsibility for contributions lost in the mail.

The latest news, events and competitions in architecture and design

from India and abroad.

34

Retrospective Architecture for an Introspective Tomorrow

An introduction to climate aware and climate responsive

architecture.

38

ARCHITECTURE

The ‘Play- Classroom’

Dispelling the notion of the rigid teaching environment,

the Balprasoon School is an innovative example of the

‘Play-Classroom’.

44 JSW Township Ratnagiri

A planned township for JSW, that aims to create a self-sufficient

neighbourhood and allows for community interaction.

52

SUSTAINABLE GATEWAYS

54

Free Flowing ‘Avian’

Pioneers in designing sustainable airports, Creative Group of

architects, give Raipur its iconic new integrated terminal which

derives its form from the flight of a bird.

58

India’s ‘Greenest’ Airport

The domestic and international terminals of the Chennai Airport

are not just engineering marvels but synergised an organic form

which is a beautiful combination of architecture and engineering.

64

Light and Colour in Open Plan Offices

A research in the interlinked relationship of light and colour.

74

YOUNG DESIGNERS ‘15 ARCHITECTURE

House of Lines and Courts

An amalgam of traditional courtyards and clean geometrical cuts,

the house of lines and courts is an exemplary design that reflects

Indian roots and the beauty of minimalistic spatiality.

82 INTERIORS

The Lantern House Project

Khora is on a quest for responsible yet explorative architecture,

that references the context of the Indian modern and is global in

its expression.

C Printed & Published by Maulik Jasubhai Shah on behalf of Jasubhai Media Pvt Ltd (JMPL), 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.

Printed at M B Graphics, B-28, Shri Ram Industrial Estate, ZG D Ambekar Marg, Wadala, Mumbai 400031and Published from Mumbai - 3rd Floor, Taj Building, 210, Dr D N Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001.

Editor: Maulik Jasubhai Shah, 26, Maker Chamber VI, Nariman Point, Mumbai 400 021.

Indian Architect & Builder: (ISSN 0971-5509), RNI No 46976/87, is a JMPL monthly publication. Reproduction in any manner, in whole or part, in English or any other language is strictly prohibited. We welcome articles, but do not accept responsibility for contributions lost in the mail.

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industry news

16

SIMPOLO INTRODUCES OUTDOOR PORCELAIN TILES

C

eramic Tiles for Out Doors?? NO WAY!!. This was the reaction of Specifiers, Architects ,Landscape experts,or Civil Engineers till recent past. For outdoor flooring or for heavy traffic areas, the foremost concern is the functionality than the aesthetics, Simpolo worked closely with the Industry experts to understand the need and came out with a tailor made solution to address this.

Simpolo introduced Outdoor Porcelain Tiles with 16mm thickness for the first time in India. This collection is available in 2 sizes viz.

600x600 mm known as Rockdeck series & 1200x800 mm known as Riverstone & Cemento series. It is a versatile system for designing your outdoor living. Now you can transform your outdoor living space with ROCKDECK / RIVERSTONE/ CEMENTO OUTDOOR PORCELAIN TILES. These tiles are extremely tough (Flexural breaking strength >7500N) ie. can take heavy loads without any problems , are non-porous and require no maintenance, slip resistant, stain resistant, scratch resistant, fireproof, fade proof, these tiles are also resistant to frost expansion,and easy to clean. Since these are full body homogenous tiles, they not only withstand wear & tear of high traffic but can be used on steps with bullnose or deep chamfering as well just as Granite or other stone slabs.

Fired at ultra high temperatures these tile become more durable and denser than normal ceramic tiles. This advanced technology enables these tiles to aquire more intricate textures that so closely mimic those of stone tiles, that they are virtually indistinguishable from the real thing. They are produced with non-slip textures also for usage, in wet areas without any compromise with safety.

WHY Rockdeck/ Cement. Riverstone ?

1. High breaking strength leeds to increased load bearing capacity > 3 times than running vitrified tile.

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

2. Higher solar reflective index helps to reduce surface temperature rise.

3. Lower deep abrasion rate indicates longest service life compare to natural stone.

4. High slip resistance due to structured surface to ensure safety.

5. Low water absorption discourages microbe inhabitant.

6. Resistant to chemical, stain, scratch, fire and temperature fluctuation(day/night).

Applications: a) House: Garden, Patios and terraces, steps and pathways, around swimming pool, parapets and flower beds. b) Public venues: Hospitality, bathing resorts, industrial areas, pathways.

EASY STEPS: 1. Easy to install 2. Easy to remove when applied without bond.

3. Easy to inspect 4. Easy to clean 5. Easy to change idea.

Installation System: It can be dry-installed directly onto the footing, grass, gravel and sand, or it can be used as a raised laying with the variable heights (max upto 100 mm). It is quick to install and the floor can be immediately walked on.

For further information, contact: Simpolo Vitrified Pvt Ltd Old Ghuntu Road, Morbi - 363 642, Gujarat Tel: +91 2822 242122, 241622, 243622 Email: tiles@simpolo.net Web: www.simpolo.net

industry news

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RAK CERAMICS - NATIONWIDE ROAD SHOW ‘RAK AAP KE SHAHER’

I

n a bid to double its revenue in next three years, RAK Ceramics, the world’s largest tiles manufacturing company has embarked upon an ambitious road show concept called “RAK Aap Ke Shaher” which will cover 50 cities pan India over the next one year. The road show aims to reach Tier – II and Tier – III cities which will provide a platform to meet prospective dealers, distributors, architects, engineers, developers and the end consumers as well.

The company started this concept from Indore during 11 th – 14 th September and has till now completed 7 roadshows further in Bhopal, Jabalpur, Nagpur, Ludhiana, Chandigarh & Aurangabad.

The roadshows have been tremendous success considering the visits by local dealers & distributors, developers, architects & the general public. The road shows displayed some of the most exclusive products & new launches of RAK India in Ceramic Tiles, Vitrified Tiles & Sanitaryware.

“The objective is to have an exposure of RAK Ceramics products to all stakeholders of the tiles & building material industry. This type of exhibition will come to the location of the potential customers and hence is called “RAK Aap Ke Shaher”, said Santosh Nema, Chief Executive Officer, RAK Ceramics (India) RAK Ceramics is well positioned to serve the potential ceramics market in the country. The company believes that the Indian Ceramics Industry is poised for major growth. The push for ‘Housing for all’ and ‘Smart Cities’ programs shall help the domestic tile market to grow at 15% or more annually.

Commenting on the development Nema further adds, “Demands are much bigger from smaller cities than bigger cities as bigger cities are already developed with global phenomenon, whereas smaller cities are not. So, the demands from smaller cities are more and the growth rate in the smaller cities is definitely more as compared to bigger cities”.

The tiles market in India is expected to grow substantially at par with growth of real estate sector over the next few years. The increasing industrial activity due to real estate boom and other infrastructure developments will drive this growth. “I believe the demand of ceramics in India will increase almost 70-80% over next 5 years as the present consumption of tiles in India is in very nascent compared to other countries. If you take China, it is almost 4.5 square metre per head, going to UAE or to Saudi Arabia it is 7 square metre per head while India is only 1 square metre per head,” Nema said.

RAK Ceramics would also like to deliver ‘NEXTGEN’ experience to its customers. This innovative customer initiative “Experience Stores” in various cities will provide an array of services, ranging from expert advice to on-site testing services, to assist people in building their perfect house with help of “Perfect Tiles” About RAK Ceramics: RAK Ceramics is one of the largest producers of ceramic and vitrified tiles in India, for the complete range of applications to cover your living and working spaces.

A very wide range of sizes of ceramic and vitrified tiles are available enabling customers to gratify their desire for the best of interiors & exteriors. A range of different finishes like natural stone, wood, fabric, metallic, wall paper look etc. adds its own charm to the offerings in wall & floor tiles alike. RAK Ceramics is the only company in India to manufacture 10 distinct variants of Vitrified Tiles.

For further information, contact: NITIN MORE - AGM (Branding & Promotions) Mobile: + 91 922 305 0324 Email: nitin.more@rakindia.com Web: www.rakindia.com

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

www.stylam.com

Stylam Industries introduces advanced EXTERIOR FLOOR BOARDS for the first time in India.

EXTERIOR FLOOR BOARDS

Date – Place: Stylam Industries has earned its reputation of being one of the pioneers in manufacturing international quality laminates and adhesives in India. Living up to its name, Stylam delivers again, by introducing superior quality exterior floor boards in India, under the brand name WALKON. Stylam is already a trusted name when it comes to Exterior and Interior Laminates, Compact Boards, Door Skins and Decorative Laminates. Exterior Floor Boards not only add to Stylam’s vast portfolio, but also epitomize the forward-thinking nature of the company. Times are changing and Stylam surely knows how to catch up with it.

WALKON Exterior Floor Boards are processed in laminate presses under high pressure and at high temperature. As a result,

the boards are effectively weather-proof and long-lasting. The CE marking further testifies WALKON Exterior Floor Boards as excellent choice for construction purposes.

Exterior flooring is a beginning of a new era in outdoor furnishing. Popular in the international market as engineered deck floors, these innovative flooring will use rivet-less technology and make use of advanced durable clamps, for fixing purpose. This is a huge shift from the traditional Epay solid wood flooring, the only viable choice available until now.

There are few logical reasons why WALKON Exterior Floor Boards will change the way people look at exterior flooring.

WALKON Exterior Floor Boards are slip-resistant, frost-resistant, slate-free and environment-friendly. While the boards are available in a variety of colours, designs, grains and thickness, one can actually ask for customized solutions as well.

Believing in the power of impression, Stylam offers a gamut of strikingly beautiful designs that makes lifestyles unique. The blend of innovation and commitment has won Stylam a trusted clientele in more than 60 countries around the globe.

STYLAM INDUSTRIES LIMITED SCO 14, Sector 7- C, Madhya Marg, Chandigarh.

Ph: 091-172 5021555, 5021666 Toll Free No.: 1800 120 0054 E-mail: inquiry@stylam.com

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industry news

26

Häfele launches its Live Kitchen at the Exclusive Häfele Design Centre in Bangalore

H

äfele India relaunches its exclusive Häfele Design Centre in Bangalore as one of the latest destinations and one Stop shop for complete interior hardware solutions, appliances, lighting and sanitary designs from Häfele. This all new one stop shop for the world’s latest innovations in interiors now launches a new domain of functionality, a Live Kitchen fully equipped with the latest applications and technologies. Located at Langford road in Bangalore, the Häfele Design Centre is spread across approximately 3000 Sqft and offers interior solutions for every corner of your home - functionality for a lasting experience and design for an elegant look.

The Exclusive Design Center’s gamut of home interior solutions matches your individual tastes and meets your specific requirements while providing you with the latest innovations from the international markets. The new Live Kitchen area boasts of the latest internationally inspired technologies, new products and applications. Häfele’s total range of products includes more than 150,000 articles and is proud of its highly trained specialists who can provide competent Design Solutions for your individual application needs. The design centre will help to give customers a complete overview and enable you to make an informed decision which fittings will best suit your individual situation. All Häfele Products are made available locally through a network of quality dealers and distributors for the customer’s convenience.

Commenting on the launch of the Live Kitchen, Mr. Jürgen Wolf, Managing director, Häfele India Pvt. Ltd says, “Stylish Hardware Fittings that give you the best functionality for your individual application in your business or residence are hard to select from a catalogue. The new Live Kitchen section gives the customers a first hand feel of the products before they purchase it. Functionality is how we think; functionality is what we make and functionality is what we sell. Häfele is proud to introduce this quality to the Indian market through this exclusive Häfele Design Centre in Bangalore”

With this design centre, Häfele is committed to identify and understand the specific needs of the customers across segments Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

and provide them with desired benefits. All Häfele products carry a comprehensive Warranty and stand for quality and design keeping their functionality at the top of the mind. The World class Design Center in Bangalore, showcases the latest cutting edge fittings now available to the Indian customers in a real life environment.

In short a comprehensive One Stop Shop solution for Modern architecture & Interior designs.

About Häfele: Häfele set foot in India in 2001 as a liaison office essentially handling Hospitality projects for its line of Access Control Systems – Dialock. The growing hardware demand and the increasing architectural maturity motivated the company to start full commercial operations in India in 2003 as a wholly owned subsidiary by the name, Häfele India Pvt. Ltd. With its head office in Mumbai, 6 regional offices with Design Centers in all major metros and sales presence across the country, Häfele India has, over the last 10 years, acquired a leading position in the Indian Architectural Hardware Industry. Backed by the encouragement and constant motivation of Mr. Jürgen Wolf, Managing Director, employees at Häfele take responsibility for their learning. Häfele India lays pride in its diverse range of quality products, well-networked channel partners and unmatched service to customers. In addition to this, the subsidiary is the sole distributor in India, since 2004, for BLUM – an Austrian kitchen fittings manufacturer and world leader.

Today, Häfele India employs over 450 people who cater to a wide customer base with the help of an efficient distribution network, comprehensive logistics system and sophisticated warehouses located in Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore.

For further information, contact: Häfele India Pvt. Ltd. No.2/1, Shiv Manor, Langford Road, Shanthi Nagar, Bangalore 560027 Karnataka Salome Suthkatti Tel: 022 61426100 Website: www.hafeleindia.com

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Field Constructs Design Competition

Design Shanghai 2015

Category Type Deadline

Date Venue

Field Constructs Design Competition (FCDC) invites emerging designers, architects, landscape architects, and artists to submit proposals for temporary installations to be sited at the Circle Acres Nature Preserve in Austin, Texas. The international competition will result in the realisation of five to eight submitted entries, which will be open to the public in November of 2015 as part of a week-long event series.

The specific site allows the participants to critically and creatively explore two sets of issues: (1) the capacity for public art and design to attract interest and attention to a part of the city that may otherwise be perceived as peripheral, remote, or underutilised; and (2) the potential for temporary, small-scale installations to serve as opportunities to generate, apply, and test innovative thinking with regard to sitespecificity, environmental impact, and the use of new technological advancements in design.

Showcasing the best design brands from across the globe, Design Shanghai provides a unique and exciting platform to network and establish long-term business relations with China’s top architects, interior designers, developers, facilities managers and private buyers.

Design Shanghai 2015 is China’s premier interior design event, featuring the finest international design houses. The show will welcome an estimated 300 exhibitors and 60,000 visitors are expected to attend the four day event For more informations & inscriptions email to: http://www.designshowshanghai.com/

Coverings 2015

For further information, log on to: http://fieldconstructs.org/

Date Venue

ASA International Design Competition (Density/Dense City)

Coverings is the premier international trade fair and expo dedicated exclusively to showcasing the newest in ceramic tile and natural stone. It has grown to be the largest and most important show of its kind in the U.S., featuring more than 1,000 exhibitors from 40 countries and attracting thousands of distributors, retailers, fabricators, contractors, specifiers, architectural and design professionals, builders, remodelers, and real estate developers, plus the press and journalists who cover this vital and dynamic industry.

Category Type Deadline

: International : Open to all : Submission: 2 nd April, 2015

This competition invites all the participants to address the open ended question of how we could use architecture as a device to perform a surgical operation on the already dense fabric in order to provide a new model of public space. To add to the quality of people’s urban life, what, where and how can we insert a place into the city?

The competition invites entries to strategically select a real site in a dense city, and propose a program and an architectural design that demonstrates a new model of public space, and address the city–scale urban density condition with the architectural–scale intervention.

For further information, log on to: http://www.asa.or.th/th/node/129016

Rethinking the Future Awards 2015 Category Type Deadline

COMPETITIONS

: 27th – 30th March, 2015 : Shanghai Exhibition Centre, China

: International : Professionals and students of architecture : Submission: 15 th April, 2015

Rethinking The Future is working to create a new window on international trends in architecture and design that looks on to radical solutions for the present day problems facing the domain. RTF is a hub of services for architecture and design that was established to bring out the most creative and innovative projects in the field of architecture and hence creates an interactive educational platform of highest standards. RTF is working to develop an architectural language that would ‘sustain’ and ‘survive’ the impacts of new age challenges, and evolve into an architectural language of the future - taking sustainability one step ahead.

For on-line registration log on to: http://www.re-thinkingthefuture.org/re-thinking-the-future-awards-2015/ Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

: :

14th – 17th April, 2015 Orlando, USA

The show floor – and the comprehensive education program – is completely free to attend North America’s biggest expo of all things tile and stone, Coverings returns to the Orange County Convention Centre. Its main source of sponsorship is from Spanish and Italian tile organisations, which ensures that manufacturers hailing from those top tile nations – such as Apavisa and Casamood – get major play.

For more information and applications please visit http://www.coverings.com/

4th International Green Roof Congress Date Venue

: 20 th – 21st April, 2015 : Istanbul, Turkey - Zorlu Centre

Where is there room for nature in towns? A question frequently asked by building experts around the world who are faced with the challenges of urban densification. Successful solutions and practical green roof technology will be presented, discussed and taught at the 4th International Green Roof Congress in Istanbul on 20–21 April, 2015.

The congress, supported by the International Green Roof Association (IGRA), will be held at the Zorlu Center`s new Raffles Hotel in Istanbul, Turkey. A top-level program, with lectures and interactive practical workshops at the Congress venue Zorlu Center with its 72.000sqm of green areas on different levels will realise its 4th edition this year.

For further information, log on to: http://www.greenroofworld.com

EVENTS

: International : Open to all : Submission: 1 st April, 2015

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World’s largest airport terminal design by Zaha Hadid

Mies van der Rohe Award 2015

The design for the new passenger terminal for Beijing was recently released by Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) and ADP Ingenierie (ADPI), a French company that owns and looks after Paris’ Charles de Gaulle and Orly airports. The conceptual design of what seems to be the world’s biggest airport is a joint venture between the two firms. This £9 billion Beijing New Airport Terminal Building will be built in the Daxing County and is said to measure 700,000sqm in area.

Named after German-American architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, the biennial €60,000 (£45,000) award is the most prestigious accolade in European architecture and is awarded to the best building completed in the last two years by a European architect.

The 2011 international competition bid saw ZHA fail to make the shortlist of the project’s original design competition. However, , in October 2014, the Beijing New Airport Headquarters (BNAH) created a joint design team that brought together ADPI and ZHA with competition consortium group members, Buro Happold, Mott Macdonald and EC Harris.

Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater nominated for Unesco World Heritage status Ten of Frank Lloyd Wright’s buildings have been nominated for inclusion in the Unesco World Heritage list. The ten sites span across seven states in the United States of America. Journeying through Wright’s prodigious career, these nominations range from his early Prarie period to his final buildings. According to Unesco, the World Heritage List seeks to recognise sites whose importance stretches beyond their home country, and whose “outstanding universal value” represents the best the built and natural world has to offer.

From the instantly recognisable Fallingwater home in Pennsylvania to Wright’s only skyscraper, the ten sites create a snapshot of the architect’s work. Once the vetting process is complete, the sites could be added to the list as early as the summer of 2016.

Kurula Varkey Design Forum 2015 The Kurla Varkey Design Forum is an event hosted annually as a student led initiative by the Faculty of Architecture from CEPT University, Ahmedabad, as a tribute to Kurula Varkey – eminent architect, academician and beloved past-director of the school.

NEWS

The Kurla Varkey Design Forum 2015, spanning from 14th to 16th February, saw the exhibition and presentation of designs by twenty Final Year students from across India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka that were shortlisted from a plethora of entries, based not only on quality but also their ability to generate discussion.

Pertaining to this year’s theme – Bridging the Gap between Academics and Practice -- the panelists elected to best shed light on this topic included prominent architects and scholars like Neelkanth Chhaya, Miki Desai, Melissa Smith, Surya Kakani and Mansi Shah from Ahmedabad, Sameep Padora, Rahul Srivastava and Matias Echanove from Mumbai, Revathi Kamath from New Delhi, Harsh Patel from Goa, Mona Pingel from Auroville, Angelo Bucci from Brazil and Eko Prawoto from Indonesia. Though the days of enthused discussions, debates, lectures, raising and answering of questions through the Forum were numbered, they have as always left behind a renewed vigor in the spirit of enquiry, and an enhanced motivation to innovate responses to existing concerns in the field of architecture that is the legacy of Kurula Varkey.

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

40 projects have been shortlisted for the European Union’s 2015 architecture prize – the Mies van der Rohe Award – including a woodland crematorium in Sweden and a rowing centre in a Portuguese wine region A total of 16 cultural projects were chosen, including BIG’s Danish Maritime Museum, Nieto Sobejano’s art centre in southern Spain and a spiky concert hall in Poland.

“This edition of the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture – Mies van der Rohe, confirms the high quality of European architecture, its creative and innovative potential and its ability to adapt to social, political and economic changes,” said Antoni Vives, deputy mayor of Barcelona and the president of the Fundació Mies van der Rohe, which organises the prize.

Frank Gehry’s ‘paper bag’ school Sydney University of Technology recently realised its newest teaching and research facility. Design by world renowned architect, Frank Gehry, this building has been described as “the most beautiful brown paper bag”. Known for his physics – defying designs, the architect claims that his inspiration behind his curvy structure was not a brown paper bag, but a tree house. His vision was to create a structure that featured a central trunk with branches all around, for learning and reflecting. Nearly 320,000 custom- designed bricks were used to accomplish this ambitious design. This sandstone-coloured curving brickwork, all laid by hand, is intended to reference Sydney’s architectural heritage. The UTS Business School was completed as part of £612 million overhaul of the university’s facilities.

NDTV Design and Architecture Awards NDTV is presented its second edition of Design and Architecture Awards in February 2015. Design and Architecture has now evolved to become the oasis of households, hotels and spas, with sophisticated design led products that perform to the highest standards. These highly coveted awards focus on the complexities of building project from a design, aesthetic, sustainability and conservation perspective, as well as the local context.

The awards received huge appreciation by the fraternity, with over 900 entries being submitted by India’s most talented architects and firms. At a sterling gathering, held in New Delhi, the winners were facilitated by leading artists, architects and renowned personalities.

This year too, the awards took a collective view of the jury and recognise architectural excellence and innovation that our country has to offer. Some of the most eminent emerging practices from across the nation were seen as winners of this award including the names of Anupama Kundoo Architects, Studio Lotus, Ochre Architects, ISTUDIO Architecture. The students’ awards category also saw an exceptional number of entries and citations.

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Traditional homes for a joint family with pockets of common interactive spaces and screens to ensure privacy.

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introduction

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Retrospective architecture for an introspective tomorrow A

dversity brings out the best in man. In times when the solution to every discomfort was not found in an electrical appliance and humankind respected nature, thermal comfort in the built and unbuilt environments was sought by natural means. Nature was treated as a nurturing source of all energy; its wrath and generosity were accepted with equal deference.

In these simpler times, courtyards, trees, shrubs, jaalis, screens, cow dung layer and consistency of naturally available mud regulated thermal comfort in the interiors of homes and work or education spaces. Humankind learned with and from nature and its various phenomena, not to challenge her but to integrate lives within and around them. There were no CFC exuding appliances that tore through the ozone layer to make our interiors cooler or warmer or provide us with chilled water nor poisonous gas expelling vehicles that aided in our commute.

Vernacular architecture is the result of hundreds of years of optimisation to provide a comfortable shelter in a local climate using available materials and known construction technologies. Due to the absence of mechanical means, traditional buildings use solar passive measures to achieve thermal comfort conditions. In most developing countries it can be observed that with the modernisation of the Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

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Mughal jaali screen with doors.

Huts of Bengal.

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Home in Manali.

building sector this traditional knowledge of smart and climate responsive design is being lost. Instead the modern building design is dominated by universal architecture that neglects local climate conditions and traditional construction techniques and materials.

Mankind has achieved great heights in its quest for modernism, convenience and comfort. The price paid in return has however been massive. In its quest to conquer the slightest disparity in what each individual of the race finds correct, each individual has taken independent liberties to correct the slightest discomforts. Mankind’s thirst to conquer, control and triumph over all that challenges its natural abilities is beginning to becomes its greatest liability. What started as intellectual curiosity leading in numerous inventions has now resulted in moral stunting and tunnel vision of the race that no longer believes in co-existence with other individuals of the same species, let alone other species that inhabit this planet.

Climate responsive architecture, green buildings, sustainability are all terms that have now been reduced to scoring points that

obtain an authoritative certificate at the end which labels and deems one’s structure various grades of being “sustainable”. It is a misfortune, what once was the only way of building has now become a specialisation and an added achievement. The ancient science of building began with the fundamentals of studying natural phenomena of the site: the sun path, topography, wind, precipitation, magnetic field etc., the study of which are now considered optional and ancillary while being generated by a software.

In our attempt to address this stark reality of architecture today, Indian Architect and Builder, on the onset of summer has come up with a compilation of climate aware and climate responsive architecture. This compilation wishes to trigger a thought process, embark on a journey of introspection and encourage the fraternity of design and architecture to “back peddle” into the future with the line of sight focusing on the lessons of history. This issue touches upon projects in contemporary times that have gone back to the roots of vernacular and traditional architectural elements and applied them in today’s homes, hence narrowly blunting the frailty of modernism.

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Completed classroom with the dome in the margin area.

THE ‘PLAY- CLASSROOM’

Dispelling the notion of the rigid teaching environment, the Balprasoon School is an innovative example of the ‘Play-Classroom’.

Text: Lavina Bulchandani Drawings and Images: courtesy Abhikram

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he notion of an educational institute instantly draws the image of a formally structured building that classifies its teaching functions separately from its recreational functions. Starting from the initial years of schooling, we are taught that the functionality of a classroom commands a sense of discipline and orderliness. Taking a stand away from this generic idea, architects Nimish Patel and Parul Zaveri concretised their vision of creating an environment for a unique educational experience. Providing active play spaces for children, the design for their nursery school in Ahmedabad displays a harmonious partnership between the learning and recreational experiences of a classroom.

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

The Balprasoon School is a nursery classroom that was to be built in the margin of an existing school compound. Located in the green belt zone of Ahmedabad, this area has a strict legal framework that denied any new permanent structures to be built on the site.

Using this limitation to their advantage, the founding architects of ‘Abhikram’, evolved a new language for this classroom.

The Balprasoon School is an energetic design that allows the simultaneous breeding of a ‘work’ and ‘play’ domain. Incorporating fluid forms within the space of the classroom, this project gives rise to an uncommon architecture of a playful study hall. Moulded

architecture

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Slides, the sand pit and the platforms.

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Dome under construction outside the school premises.

Fixing bamboo matting on the dome.

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Finishing touches given to the dome.

Shifting the completed dome on the classroom.

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The stepped classroom during construction.

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Stairs in the pit.

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from the surface of the earth the layering of levels and platforms along with a delicate roof structure provide for robust use of this learning space.

Negotiating the constraints of the site and its legal limitations, the optimal approach was to start with digging a pit in the ground.

Emerging from this crater were several levels of fluid, colourful and varied size platforms. These platforms have an adaptive functionality that allows the children to use the space in many different ways. This circular classroom is covered with a temporary roof structure made from metal tubes and covered with a plastic sheet, sandwiched between two layers of bamboo matting. The geodesic dome over the rounded pit together unify as the key architectural elements of the design.

The marriage of this sculpted ground plane with a simple dome shaped roof met with all the official requirements of this learning centre. From tables, benches and backboards to swings suspended from the roof (framing) the versatile planning of this school dispels the notion of a rigid classroom. Making sure that children learn through fun and play, this project was directed by a clear vision of integrating the two functions seamlessly.

Spaces between the ground and dome created cracks of light and ‘windows’ for ventilation. With no designated entrance, the assembly of the roof with the ground creates several pockets of access and allows for constant cross ventilation through the classroom.

The vibrancy and the joy experienced by children in the use of this ‘Play – Classroom’ has resulted in many schools being desirous to add it in their own premises. This is likely to be scaled up by Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Gujarat State who is planning to add this ‘Play – Classroom’ at least in one school in every district.

FACT FILE: Project Location Architect Design Team Client Project Area Structural Engineer Civil contractors Carpentry contractors Bamboo Matting Project Actual Cost

: : : : : : : : : : :

Nursery Classroom at Balprasoon School Outskirts of Ahmedabad (Green belt area) ‘Abhikram’, Ahmedabad Mr Nimish Patel, Ms Parul Zaveri Shri Jitendra Trivedi, Balprasoon Trust, Ahmedabad 38.47sqm ‘Abhikram’, Ahmedabad ‘Abhikram’, Ahmedabad Late Mr Hiralal Mistry Mr Majumdar (with local bamboo workers) ` 30,000

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Slide in the pit.

Architect’s Note: Parul Zaveri and Nimish Patel Balprasoon School, Ahmedabad This was one of the first small projects handled by our office ‘Abhikram’, in 1980, giving us an opportunity to explore some of our beliefs in education, which were: • The best way of imparting education is through active play • Teaching must be through exploration and discovery • There are many ways of achieving the same goal, like entering a classroom using steps, or a slide or hopping down the levels • The idea to look at everything in totality must be developed, and learning is a process which continues as one grows

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Stepped classroom with the dome.

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sustainable gateways

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Sustainable Gateways I

n the early days of flight, the main challenge was to keep the aircraft flying and airports were merely improvised landing strips.

Flying was a luxury available to the adventurous or wealthy few who had the courage to give it a try. However, as time passes, the flying instruments have become more safe and advanced, allowing people to enjoy this mode of transport for business as well as leisure.

This gave rise to the need of a transitional space between air and ground and the architecture of airports came to be realised. What started off as humble landing stations, have now established themselves as one of the most powerful and necessary civic amenities for any region. An airport’s design, today, not only caters to the operational functionality of the terminal but it also stands as an icon for the city and reflects the nation’s economic advancement.

Airports are some of the most loathed spaces in the world: crowded, confusing and beset by increasingly onerous security restrictions.

However, with a careful organisation and strategic planning, the architecture of these city gateways can transform the experience of the traveller. The humble landing strips of yesteryears have evolved into architectural and engineering masterpieces of glass and steel whose design expresses the excitement of travel.

Reflecting upon some of our nation’s gateways as icons for the country, these designs display a high level of technological advancement along with respect to the environment. This issue highlights the progress of India with its landmark Airports displaying climate responsive design through their innovative structures.

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Integrated terminal of the Raipur Airport.

Free Flowing ‘Avian’

Pioneers in designing sustainable airports, Creative Group of architects, give Raipur its iconic new integrated terminal which derives its form from the flight of a bird.

Text: Lavina Bulchandani Photographs: courtesy Creative Group

“A built Form should not be treated as a dead mass of Brick and Concrete, but as a Living Organism.”

- Prof Charanjit Shah

T

ruly dignifying the above statement, the newly inaugurated Swami Vivekananda airport in Raipur, resonates of vibrancy, flexibility and functionality. Designed by Creative Group, this airport terminal is a fine example of break through structural innovation and unrivalled sustainable performance. In collaboration with Frederic Schwartz Architects & Gensler, USA, the Swami Vivekananda airport terminal has bagged several awards including the Best Airport Award by the National Tourism Board of India.

The new bi-level terminal of Raipur, systematically establishes itself as an integrated terminal. Designed to accommodate 817,600 national and international passengers, the Swami Vivekananda airport is a high-tech aerodynamic building offering a smooth transition to its passengers from flight to city. Sprawled over an expansive area of 25,000sqm the airport structure sits on the site like a free flowing ‘Avian’. The germ of this idea was conceived

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

with a sliced dome at the center and multiple wings elevating the roof profile towards the sky. An amalgamation of materials and technology is easily seen in the structurally glazed glass façade of the terminal. Forming an array of sleek ‘bow trusses’ the façade has a unique translucent appearance, visually welcoming the passengers to this structural marvel.

The organic form of the building establishes a dialogue between the vastness of spaces, the visual experience of the sky and the subtle landing on the ground.

The unique doubly curved roof strives to achieve an iconic form and allows natural daylight to filter in through its sky lights. This iconic roof is formulated by a series of steel columns with flaring arms, coined as ‘Tree Columns’. The intersection of secondary trusses from adjacent bays at different levels, gives rise to a playful geometry of skylights, which further defines the structural framework permitting natural light to permeate in to the terminal building depicting a constantly changing pattern of shadow and light. At night, this terminal stands as a beacon emitting light in the sky.

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Multiple wings elevating the roof profile towards the sky.

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Roof and Clerestory

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Design details of the terminal.

Sunken landscaped courtyard.

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Structural Columns and Perimeter Curtain Walls

Exploded Perspective Scheme

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Various ‘Tree-Columns’ on the face of the terminal.

Boasting of state of the art technology, the airport facilities consists of 20 check-in counters, 3 escalators, 3 lifts, 2 X-ray luggage machines, 3 security check points and 3 conveyor belts for luggage.

The terminal demonstrates efficient organisation of passenger circulation and is prepared to host international passengers with provision for 15 immigration counters. This airport is all about synchronisation of function and vibrancy of space.

Another notable feature of this airport is its sunken landscaped courtyard, encompassing a central garden. Adorned with an array of historic Bastar art sculptures, the architects patronised the age old regional art of Chhattisgarh, lending a sense of pride and individuality to the terminal. A composition of these various elements, like the vertical gardens and lush palm groves, creates an exclusive visual palette for the passengers.

Sustainability: The Creative Group of Architects have established themselves as the pioneers in designing sustainable airports, by carefully planning and implementing various active and passive green measures and making use of the best available resources.

Their technique of a sustainable approach is seen in the carefully articulated roof profile that aims at rain water harvesting and has heavy thermal insulation to ensure that the building is further cooled

down. Provision of overhangs, roof projections and fins prohibit sun and glare penetration into the building. The main façades are treated with double insulating glass units to prevent any air leakages in the building. Their commitment towards sustainable performance manifests itself in the judicious and energy efficient functioning of this terminal.

Achieving 43 per cent reduction in water consumption, the terminal building complies with the ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Codes) for attaining the energy savings. Abiding by the energy saving scheme the airport terminal is equipped with T5 light fittings with automatic perimeter light sensing controls. All thermal insulants and refrigerants are endowed with substances with zero Ozone depleting potential (OPD).

Using steel as the primary building material the architect has managed to deliver an unmatched sustainable performance of this gateway to the city. Allowing complete flexibility of design, this versatile material gives shape to the most ambitious of designs and formal explorations. Not only does it ensure zero waste generation, but choosing a steel-framed building has known to be the simplest and most effective way to reduce waste.

With the Aviation Architecture soaring high, Creative Group continues to design and develop wonder Gateways for the Country.

Their clear understanding of planning and energy efficiency techniques is seen in these city icons. The Raipur airport demonstrates innovation at the forefront of sustainability and creates a holistic experience for the traveler through its series of methodically designed spaces.

FACT FILE:

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Historic Bastar art sculptures.

Project Location Principal Architect Global Associate Architect Client Project Cost Civil Contractors Site Area Total Built Up Area Completion Date

: : : : : : : : : :

Raipur Airport Raipur, Chhatisgarh Creative Group, New Delhi Frederic Schwartz Architects & Gensler, USA Airports Authority of India `150 crores Era Infra Engineering 79 Acres 20,900sqm November 2012

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CARBSE Article Series Architecture in India today is exploding. With the rise of material availability and access to ever increasing platforms for information dissemination, the built environment seems to running further ahead and faster afield to try out new technologies and follow up fresh trends.

Alongside feverish growth and experimentation, increasing energy demands add pressure to systems running at capacity to feed the electronic hunger of the nation. In the face of these issues, research in building performance plays an ever more important role in discovering, testing and innovating better ways to use and save energy as we move toward the future. It is a balance of finding what is new and drawing value from traditions, building up a toolbox of strategies and methods to address the state of energy in contemporary India.

Energy (CARBSE) at CEPT University, Ahmedabad, to look at aspects of energy research in the built environment through a variety of lenses—in studies that analyse traditional pol houses with scientific rigour, examine the optimised possibility of stone jaali performance, and explore simulation to assess courtyard effectiveness, among others.

As an interdisciplinary research hub for the building profession, CARBSE advances the use of technically sophisticated methods to assess the built environment, from traditional architecture to contemporary buildings, and shares these findings for the benefit of both practice and research. These inputs also support the Centre’s objective of improving future building practices, both through better-informed design, and through the influence of policies for the built environment.

- Melissa K Smith Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

academia

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light and colour in open plan offices

Text & Graphics: Melissa K Smith Research: Rohini Singh, Rajan Rawal (Guide)

L

ight and colour are inextricably interlinked. The brightness of a space, and the quality of the space, depends not only on the presence and type of light, but also on the colours in the space, because a person’s visual perception of space is a function of both surface character, and incident light on the surface. Because of the differences in the ways that different surfaces reflect light, colour can dramatically change the light, and therefore quality of a space.

This relationship is so critical that interior and lighting design criteria for spaces which do not take into account the effect of colour and its reflectance are likely to be flawed.

Colour choice is often seen as subjective, but there are factors other than aesthetics that should also be considered. Efficient consumption of energy and occupant well being, considered through the lens of the psychological effects of colour on a person, are also important.

This study brings the relationship of light and colour to open-plan offices, to quantify colour strategies for interior surfaces in terms of light reflectance, and effect on interior luminosity. To these criteria it adds the parameter of lighting efficiency, which is also dependent on interior surface treatment.

It does so by investigating the nuances of surface brightness, or the quantity of reflected light, and how it can be altered by adjusting the quantity of light incident on a specific surface, as well as by the selection of surface finish reflectance and colours that would contribute to better energy performance. Different reflectance combinations, verified against optimal visual comfort requirements, and ranked according to their effect on operating lighting loads, could then be used as a metric for interior surface colour proposals.

An open-plan office represents the current typical office pattern.

A lighting based colour metric is useful for an office because most people working in the office are exposed to the same visual environment for a long period of time, which means that a neutral, comfortable visual environment must be well defined and nuanced. Because people do not see absolute levels of illuminance (the amount of light falling on a particular surface), but rather differences in luminance (the amount of light reflected back from a surface), the quantity of light required for a space must also consider adequate luminance ratios, for the sake of glare reduction and visual comfort.

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Flowchart showing methodology of research analysis.

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Model of space in DIALux.

Basecase model configuration with reflectance of wall, floor and ceiling.

Lighting standards and legislated energy codes such as IESNA, CIBSE and IRC have developed consensus-based guidelines that suggest a range of reflectance values for major room surfaces (wall, floor, ceiling). However, literature to date shows little consensus about the relationship between preferred wall, floor, ceiling reflectance ratios and workplane and partition reflectance ratios, both in terms of energy performance and visual comfort. There are investigations that have attempted to determine this, but consensus is not apparent with respect to the quantification of consumed lighting loads. In light of these deficiencies, it is worthwhile to explore the range of surface reflectance for room surfaces, workplane and interior partitions, to determine which both are energy efficient and adhere to the visual balance of the space. data and analysis To develop the metric, a study first analysed a typical assumed office space model with varying surface reflectance for interior surfaces. The primary study examines floor, wall and ceiling, and in selective analysis also includes workplane and partition surfaces.

As hypothesised, the probability of interior lighting distribution (and therefore connected load) varied along with variation in the reflectance value of the interior physical environment. A total of 391 simulations were done. Out of these, 49 cases conformed to visual comfort criteria. Finally, 20 reflectance combinations were selected that conformed to lighting efficiency criteria as well.

Then the reflectance values conditions were calibrated for corresponding colours.

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The graph shows the behaviour of connected load with the increase in average luminance reflectance ofaverage wall illuminance and floor.

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The graph shows the interrelation between uniformity and reflectance.

The figure shows how dark coloured surfaces reflect less light.

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lighting energy efficiency assessment Data from the open-plan office was obtained through a colour usage survey. This data supported the hypothesis that the interior surface colour can augment or negate light distribution. It is a function of interior physical condition related to occupants’ perception of indoor visual comfort. In this study, many predictive interior office model cases were derived as a function of interior surface reflectance characteristics. In these models, the probability of lighting connected load was found to increase as the magnitude of reflectance increased. But all did not conform to visual comfort balance. These were then correlated with installed lighting power density, as recommended by local standards. From this, a range of grey tones (and their corresponding colours) for horizontal and vertical surface reflectances was identified.

In terms of connected lighting load, it can be clearly interpreted that for all three parameters of wall, floor and ceiling, that the connected load decreases as the reflectance increases. There is definitely a better performance with the higher reflectance values, so for the consideration of load, lighter colour interior surfaces are preferable.

For surfaces with medium reflectance values (mid-grey tones), all three surfaces perform in a similar manner. Among the three surface types, low reflectance in ceilings produces maximum load, and ceilings with higher reflectances take up least loads. Overall, floors need reflectances of 20-40 per cent, walls 50-70 per cent, and ceilings 60-80 per cent. This implies that it is desirable to have low reflective floors, medium reflective walls and high reflective ceilings, though walls and ceilings should have a closer relationship than the floor, which can be much darker.

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greyscale workplane image

CASE 07 reflectance [%]: Wo - 40 P - 60

CASE 08 reflectance [%]: Wo - 40 P - 70

CASE 09 reflectance [%]: Wo - 50 P - 40

CASE 10 reflectance [%]: Wo - 50 P - 50

CASE 11 reflectance [%]: Wo - 50 P - 60

CASE 12 reflectance [%]: Wo - 50 P - 70

layout

greyscale workplane image

CASE 13 reflectance [%]: Wo - 60 P - 40

CASE 14 reflectance [%]: Wo - 60 P - 50

CASE 15 reflectance [%]: Wo - 60 P - 60

CASE 16 reflectance [%]: Wo - 60 P - 70

CASE 17 reflectance [%]: Wo - 70 P - 40

CASE 18 reflectance [%]: Wo - 70 P - 50

layout

greyscale workplane image

CASE 19 reflectance [%]: Wo - 70 P - 60

CASE 20 reflectance [%]: Wo - 70 P - 70

CASE 21 reflectance [%]: Wo - 80 P - 40

CASE 22 reflectance [%]: Wo - 80 P - 50

CASE 23 reflectance [%]: Wo - 80 P - 60

CASE 24 reflectance [%]: Wo - 80 P - 70

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The chart shows the summary of the output data obtained from simulation in DIALux.

visual comfort assessment The cases that conform to recommended visual comfort requirements have workplane reflectance of 50-70 per cent, and partitions 40-50 per cent. This implies that for visual comfort, the workplane should have a higher reflectance for workplane than partitions.

These combinations take care of the brightness ratios in the field-ofview of the office occupant. Field of view is a critical area for visual comfort because the eye is less tolerant of high contrast in that area than in the whole room.

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

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This chart shows how reflectances which are calibrated in grey scale correspond with different colours.

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The figure shows the grey colour tones of various combination for wall, ceiling, floor, workplanes and partitions. These are the best 20 cases derived from the research analysis.

interior surface colour preferences (open-plan offices) The final cases are examined against lighting power loads. These final 20 cases both affirm visual requirements and are efficient. The drawn colour palette shows the range of preferred combinations of reflectance for wall, floor, ceiling, workplane and partitions, the range of relative grey tones that have been calibrated from these reflectance values, and corresponding colour options for horizontal and vertical surfaces.

In the context of an open-plan office, the resulting colour combinations fulfill both visual and lighting efficiency assessments.

In general, the study suggests that floors need dark tones, walls and partitions need medium tones, workplanes need light tones, and ceilings require the lightest colours. This can reduce lighting load, and reduce glare in a space.

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The figure shows the colour tones of various combinations for wall, ceiling, floor, workplanes and partitions. These are the best 20 cases derived from research analysis..

colour and light dynamics Coloured surfaces bring life to space, give depth and volume, and can harmonise space, light and texture. Qualitatively it is already considered important in creating a happy and productive workspace, but the role of colour can be quantifiable as well. This study is one attempt to demonstrate that thoughtful use of colour extends beyond a vague sensitivity to include specific metrics that quantify its role in lighting a space. These results look at lighting load without considering daylight, as an abstract case that could focus on colour and lighting. If it were to be taken further, it should also examine the relationship of colour and surface reflectance in the context of daylight, to assess how daylight’s presence affects both visual comfort and energy efficiency.

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The figure shows the colour tones of various combinations for wall, ceiling, floor, workplanes and partitions. These are the best 20 cases derived from research analysis.

Melissa Smith is an architect and city planner at banduksmithstudio, an architecture, urban design and research practice in Ahmedabad. Her work navigates architecture and the city, dealing with issues of material, energy and change in the built environment and its inhabitants. She also teaches at CEPT University, and consults for CARBSE. Rohini Singh is a graduate of the CEPT University, Faculty of Design, Master of Interior Architecture Design Program (MIAD). The research for this work was carried out as a part of the Master’s Thesis for MIAD, CEPT University.

Rajan Rawal is a faculty member of CEPT University. His work area includes energy and habitat, building energy policies and technologies. He is also Director of the Centre for Advanced Research in Building Science and Energy at CEPT University which is leading the US-India Clean Energy Project on Building Energy Efficiency.

Indian Architect & Builder - March 2015

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