Iaetsd green technologies

ISBN:378-26-138420-02106

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

GREEN TECHNOLOGIES Nikita K1 & Rohini K2 1, 2 - IV/IV B.E. Civil Engineering, Dr. L B. College Of Engineering for Women, Visakhapatnam.

Introduction: The earth is a very vulnerable planet, but do

gas emissions would be cut by billions of pounds each year.

we all take the time to realize that our actions

Fuel consumption is projected to peak in near

can affect our planet’s survival? It is upto the

future. Oil resources started declining in 2012

people to stop and take a look at what we can

followed by natural gas between 2010 and

do to make this world a better and more eco-

2020, and coal between 2020 and 2030. 86%

friendly place for our future generations to

of world’s primary power comes from the

live long and full lives.

fossil fuels. < 2% of the world’s primary

Along with the awareness about

power comes from the renewable sources.

environmental issues such as pollution, human

Fortunately, it’s not too late and we can still

impact on climate changes and depletion of

change as many are turning to green energy

natural resources, the interest is also growing

sources.

for eco-friendly products and services. For example, the popularity of green cleaning

Why Green Technologies?

products has increased in recent years.

The advantage of using green energy sources

Nontoxic, Biodegradable cleaning products

is that it is eco-friendly and does not have any

are safer for use in the home. Compact

harmful impact on the environment. It is also

Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs), LED (Light

renewable unlike oil which is expected to dry

Emitting Diodes) are another popular green

up in the near future. Green technologies help

products; compared to traditional incandescent

displace the declining amount of fossil fuels.

light bulbs. CFLs and LEDs utilize far less

They are healthier for the environment,

electricity and also the amount of green house

sustainable in long term and also generate employment.

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ISBN:378-26-138420-02107

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

It is of a paramount importance that the Government of India has included the objective of increasing green cover by one

Goals of Green technology: The goals that satisfy developments in green technology field include:

million hectare every year and adding 30,000 MW of renewable energy generation capacity

Sustainability: Meeting the needs of society in

in the 12th Five year plan. It also expects an

ways that can continue indefinitely into the

energy saving of 3.5 million tons of oil

future without damaging or depleting natural

equivalent in seven selective industrial sectors

resources

and 3.1 million tons of oil equivalents in thermal power stations by 2014-15.

What is Green technology?

“Cradle to Cradle design”: Ending the “cradle to grave” cycle of manufactured products, by creating products that can be fully reclaimed or reused.

The term “Technology” refers to the application of knowledge for practical

Source reduction: Reducing waste and

purposes. The field of “Green technology”

pollution by changing patterns of production

encompasses a continuously evolving group of

and consumption.

methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy to non-toxic cleaning products. Green technology also known as clean or environmental technology minimizes impacts on the environment and natural

Innovation: Developing alternatives to technologies whether fossil fuels or chemical intensive agriculture that have been demonstrated to damage health and the environment.

resources. It is based on concepts such as conserving water and energy, reducing waste

Safe Environment Monitor: Applying digital

and pollution, harnessing renewable energy

energy saving technologies for disaster

sources, finding ways to reuse materials and

prevention caused by climate change to

developing less polluting technologies.

provide residents with early warning message.

Green technology is the application of

Viability: Creating a centre of economic

environmental science to conserve the

activity around technologies and products that

ecosystem and resources and to curb the

benefit the environment speeding their

negative impact of human involvement.

implementation and creating new careers that truly protect the planet.

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ISBN:378-26-138420-02108

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

Areas of Green Technology: There are various areas in which green

The following are the major uses of green chemistry

technology is widely used. The following are

1. Global change – climatic change

few of them listed.

2. Resource depletion – increasingly

 Green chemistry  Green Nanotechnology  Green Building  Green IT

variable technology for renewable resources 3. Food supply – agricultural methods and wastes 4. Toxics in the environment – design for

 Green Energy

reducing hazards

Green Chemistry: It is the utilization of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products.

Green Nanotechnology: Green nanotechnology refers to the use of nanotechnology to enhance the environmental sustainability of processes currently producing negative externalities. It aims at minimizing potential environmental and human health

Green chemistry, also called sustainable

risks associated with the manufacture and use

chemistry, is a philosophy of chemical

of nanotechnology products, and to encourage

research and engineering that encourages

replacement of existing products with new

the design of products and processes that

nano products that are more environment

minimize the use of generation of

friendly throughout their lifecycle. The

hazardous materials

techniques and applications of

Green chemistry is about…………..

Nanotechnology are seen in fields such as Health- (The most notable changes will come

Waste materials

Reducing

from improvements in diagnosing illnesses more easily and treating them by targeting of

Hazards & risks

drugs. It will also make existing medical applications much cheaper and easier to use in

Energy costs

different settings like GP surgeries and homes). Energy- (When people think of

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ISBN:378-26-138420-02109

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

“energy” or “alternative energy”, they

waste, to more efficiently using earth’s

typically only think of oil or methods of

resources, green builders are tasked with

replacing oil’s use. But the field of energy,

selecting building materials and creating

and nanotechnologies role in it, involves

structures that serve to reduce the overall

producing, saving and storing

impact on environment. Green builders focus

energy).Information and communication-

on more conscious use of natural resources

(Nanotechnologies are increasingly used in

and green practices from the design,

mobile phones, computers and other high

construction, operation and overall life of the

technology equipment. The nano bit will not

structures they build. Following are the few

fundamentally change how a computer, or a

examples of green building materials and

mobile phone, or a gaming console or an Mp3

fittings which can be used in present day

player operates, but it will make them faster,

constructions.

cheaper and with more memory), Heavy Industries and consumer goods.

Green Buildings: There is a great consumption of power due to increase in number of buildings. Rapid growth of buildings and construction as a whole is adversely affecting the environment. This is the reason for the need of green buildings.

 Pervious concrete: Pervious concrete pavement is a unique and effective means to address important environmental issues and support green, sustainable growth. By capturing storm water and allowing it to seep into the ground, pervious concrete is instrumental in recharging groundwater, reducing storm water

A green building is one which uses less water,

runoff. In fact, the use of pervious

optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural

concrete is among the best

resources, generates less waste and provides

management practices recommended

healthier spaces for occupants as compared to

by geotechnical engineers across the

a conventional building.

country-for the management of storm

Structural builders focused solely on green practices have been emerging today, as greener living becomes a critical focus across the world. From taking small steps to reduce

water runoff on a regional and local basis. This pavement technology creates more efficient land use by eliminating the need for retention ponds, swales, and other storm water

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ISBN:378-26-138420-02110

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

management devices. In doing so,

This credit incorporates a reduction of indoor

pervious concrete has the ability to

air contaminants through the use of composite

lower overall project costs on a first-

woods and agrifibre products (such as particle

cost basis.

boards, plywood, door cores etc) as well as

 Solar Air Conditioning: It refers to

laminating adhesives that have no added urea

any air conditioning (cooling) system

formaldehyde resins. This does not include

that uses solar power. This can be done

interior furniture or equipment.

through passive solar, solar thermal energy conversion and photovoltaic conversion. There are many varieties in these solar air conditioners. Some of

The following are the perquisites to be fulfilled by a building to be called as a green building:

them are photovoltaic solar cooling,

 Sustainable sites

Geothermal cooling, Solar Thermal

 Water efficiency

Compression technology, solar open

 Energy and Atmosphere

loop air conditioning using desiccants,

 Materials and Resources

passive solar cooling, solar closed-loop

 Indoor Environmental Quality

absorption cooling, zero-energy

 Innovation in design

buildings etc.

 Regional priority

 Composite wood products and Agrifiber products: Particle boards Medium density fiberboards

We can also contribute to reduce the waste water generation and potable water demands while increasing the local aquifer recharge by Innovative Waste Water Techniques.

Plywood Wheat boards

We can reduce potable water use for building

Straw boards

sewage conveyance by 50% through the use of

Panel substrates

water conserving fixtures (e.g. Water closets,

Door cores

urinals) or non potable water (e.g. Captured

Plywood sections of I-Beams

rain water, recycle grey water and on site or municipally treated waste water). Or we can

All the above stated materials have no added

also treat 50% of waste water on site to

urea formaldehyde resins

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ISBN:378-26-138420-02111

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

tertiary standards. Treated water must be

reasons one should opt for green IT. The

infiltrated or used on site.

following are a few ways to implement.  Unutilized and underutilized resources

The practice of green roofs and vegetated roofs should be employed while maximizing

to be decommissioned.  If possible using a single power

the open spaces can contribute in a large scale to the better environment.

efficient server.  Power management: Automation of

The most recent weather disaster that have

shutdown and power on process.

been befallen American homes have been sad

 Upgradation to power efficient

indeed but there is a silver lining in their dark

hardware.

clouds. Ironically, they have given building designers and constructors an opportunity to

There are also few hindrances like the

think not only of following sound green

business management structure and huge cost

building practices, but also of incorporating

in the implementation of strategy.

them into creating buildings that will better

On the otherside the advantages it carries are

stand up in violent weather - what can be called strong architecture - and make them

i.

and

safer and more comfortably livable.

Increasing cost of existing resources has led to growth in cost of energy. In India, energy costs have risen by more than three fold in the last decade.

Green IT: Increasing energy efficiency to reduce operational costs, compliances with the regulatory bodies and reducing the carbon footprints, increasing the efficiency of computing resources so as to reduce the environmental impact of IT utilization are the

It reduces greatly the operational costs

ii.

Puts forwards a noble image in front of the clients and other stake holders.

Green Energy: Natural resources used in the energy generation processes and ever-increasing pollution caused by the non renewable sources is developing a need for green energy. Some of the ways to implement green energy are setting up power plants using renewable energy sources, increasing government expenditure on sustainable sources of energy and to improve infrastructure and manpower

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ISBN:378-26-138420-02112

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014

development. Large cost in setting up projects

because hardwork can be eclipsed but it can

and improper protesting of technologies act as

never be extinguished.

barriers for green energy.

Future of Green Technologies: The global focus is now on renewable energy as an effective tool in switching over to a sustainable low-carbon growth path. This would address the energy security in developing economies and combat climate change at the global level. India is making rapid studies in harnessing renewable energy technologies for energy generation.

The governments are taking up renewable energy plans for their nations. They are also starting eco-friendly procedures to help the environment out. (People are becoming aware of the affects they take on this planet and acting) The private sector is investing in green technologies for good public relations and also to save money. The future of green technology is now.

Conclusion: Every person should contribute to clean up the planet. We should learn from our mistakes.

Having learned of natural renewable energies that we can utilize for a long lasting healthier lifestyle we all can now pull together to assure a better world for future generations. Every person living on this earth has to do his/her bit

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