ISBN:378-26-138420-02106
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
GREEN TECHNOLOGIES Nikita K1 & Rohini K2 1, 2 - IV/IV B.E. Civil Engineering, Dr. L B. College Of Engineering for Women, Visakhapatnam.
Introduction: The earth is a very vulnerable planet, but do
gas emissions would be cut by billions of pounds each year.
we all take the time to realize that our actions
Fuel consumption is projected to peak in near
can affect our planet’s survival? It is upto the
future. Oil resources started declining in 2012
people to stop and take a look at what we can
followed by natural gas between 2010 and
do to make this world a better and more eco-
2020, and coal between 2020 and 2030. 86%
friendly place for our future generations to
of world’s primary power comes from the
live long and full lives.
fossil fuels. < 2% of the world’s primary
Along with the awareness about
power comes from the renewable sources.
environmental issues such as pollution, human
Fortunately, it’s not too late and we can still
impact on climate changes and depletion of
change as many are turning to green energy
natural resources, the interest is also growing
sources.
for eco-friendly products and services. For example, the popularity of green cleaning
Why Green Technologies?
products has increased in recent years.
The advantage of using green energy sources
Nontoxic, Biodegradable cleaning products
is that it is eco-friendly and does not have any
are safer for use in the home. Compact
harmful impact on the environment. It is also
Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFLs), LED (Light
renewable unlike oil which is expected to dry
Emitting Diodes) are another popular green
up in the near future. Green technologies help
products; compared to traditional incandescent
displace the declining amount of fossil fuels.
light bulbs. CFLs and LEDs utilize far less
They are healthier for the environment,
electricity and also the amount of green house
sustainable in long term and also generate employment.
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY FOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT 100
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ISBN:378-26-138420-02107
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
It is of a paramount importance that the Government of India has included the objective of increasing green cover by one
Goals of Green technology: The goals that satisfy developments in green technology field include:
million hectare every year and adding 30,000 MW of renewable energy generation capacity
Sustainability: Meeting the needs of society in
in the 12th Five year plan. It also expects an
ways that can continue indefinitely into the
energy saving of 3.5 million tons of oil
future without damaging or depleting natural
equivalent in seven selective industrial sectors
resources
and 3.1 million tons of oil equivalents in thermal power stations by 2014-15. What is Green technology?
“Cradle to Cradle design”: Ending the “cradle to grave” cycle of manufactured products, by creating products that can be fully reclaimed or reused.
The term “Technology” refers to the application of knowledge for practical
Source reduction: Reducing waste and
purposes. The field of “Green technology”
pollution by changing patterns of production
encompasses a continuously evolving group of
and consumption.
methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy to non-toxic cleaning products. Green technology also known as clean or environmental technology minimizes impacts on the environment and natural
Innovation: Developing alternatives to technologies whether fossil fuels or chemical intensive agriculture that have been demonstrated to damage health and the environment.
resources. It is based on concepts such as conserving water and energy, reducing waste
Safe Environment Monitor: Applying digital
and pollution, harnessing renewable energy
energy saving technologies for disaster
sources, finding ways to reuse materials and
prevention caused by climate change to
developing less polluting technologies.
provide residents with early warning message.
Green technology is the application of
Viability: Creating a centre of economic
environmental science to conserve the
activity around technologies and products that
ecosystem and resources and to curb the
benefit the environment speeding their
negative impact of human involvement.
implementation and creating new careers that truly protect the planet.
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ISBN:378-26-138420-02108
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
Areas of Green Technology: There are various areas in which green
The following are the major uses of green chemistry
technology is widely used. The following are
1. Global change – climatic change
few of them listed.
2. Resource depletion – increasingly
Green chemistry Green Nanotechnology Green Building Green IT
variable technology for renewable resources 3. Food supply – agricultural methods and wastes 4. Toxics in the environment – design for
Green Energy
reducing hazards
Green Chemistry: It is the utilization of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products.
Green Nanotechnology: Green nanotechnology refers to the use of nanotechnology to enhance the environmental sustainability of processes currently producing negative externalities. It aims at minimizing potential environmental and human health
Green chemistry, also called sustainable
risks associated with the manufacture and use
chemistry, is a philosophy of chemical
of nanotechnology products, and to encourage
research and engineering that encourages
replacement of existing products with new
the design of products and processes that
nano products that are more environment
minimize the use of generation of
friendly throughout their lifecycle. The
hazardous materials
techniques and applications of
Green chemistry is about…………..
Nanotechnology are seen in fields such as Health- (The most notable changes will come
Waste materials
Reducing
from improvements in diagnosing illnesses more easily and treating them by targeting of
Hazards & risks
drugs. It will also make existing medical applications much cheaper and easier to use in
Energy costs
different settings like GP surgeries and homes). Energy- (When people think of
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ISBN:378-26-138420-02109
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
“energy” or “alternative energy”, they
waste, to more efficiently using earth’s
typically only think of oil or methods of
resources, green builders are tasked with
replacing oil’s use. But the field of energy,
selecting building materials and creating
and nanotechnologies role in it, involves
structures that serve to reduce the overall
producing, saving and storing
impact on environment. Green builders focus
energy).Information and communication-
on more conscious use of natural resources
(Nanotechnologies are increasingly used in
and green practices from the design,
mobile phones, computers and other high
construction, operation and overall life of the
technology equipment. The nano bit will not
structures they build. Following are the few
fundamentally change how a computer, or a
examples of green building materials and
mobile phone, or a gaming console or an Mp3
fittings which can be used in present day
player operates, but it will make them faster,
constructions.
cheaper and with more memory), Heavy Industries and consumer goods. Green Buildings: There is a great consumption of power due to increase in number of buildings. Rapid growth of buildings and construction as a whole is adversely affecting the environment. This is the reason for the need of green buildings.
Pervious concrete: Pervious concrete pavement is a unique and effective means to address important environmental issues and support green, sustainable growth. By capturing storm water and allowing it to seep into the ground, pervious concrete is instrumental in recharging groundwater, reducing storm water
A green building is one which uses less water,
runoff. In fact, the use of pervious
optimizes energy efficiency, conserves natural
concrete is among the best
resources, generates less waste and provides
management practices recommended
healthier spaces for occupants as compared to
by geotechnical engineers across the
a conventional building.
country-for the management of storm
Structural builders focused solely on green practices have been emerging today, as greener living becomes a critical focus across the world. From taking small steps to reduce
water runoff on a regional and local basis. This pavement technology creates more efficient land use by eliminating the need for retention ponds, swales, and other storm water
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ISBN:378-26-138420-02110
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
management devices. In doing so,
This credit incorporates a reduction of indoor
pervious concrete has the ability to
air contaminants through the use of composite
lower overall project costs on a first-
woods and agrifibre products (such as particle
cost basis.
boards, plywood, door cores etc) as well as
Solar Air Conditioning: It refers to
laminating adhesives that have no added urea
any air conditioning (cooling) system
formaldehyde resins. This does not include
that uses solar power. This can be done
interior furniture or equipment.
through passive solar, solar thermal energy conversion and photovoltaic conversion. There are many varieties in these solar air conditioners. Some of
The following are the perquisites to be fulfilled by a building to be called as a green building:
them are photovoltaic solar cooling,
Sustainable sites
Geothermal cooling, Solar Thermal
Water efficiency
Compression technology, solar open
Energy and Atmosphere
loop air conditioning using desiccants,
Materials and Resources
passive solar cooling, solar closed-loop
Indoor Environmental Quality
absorption cooling, zero-energy
Innovation in design
buildings etc.
Regional priority
Composite wood products and Agrifiber products: Particle boards Medium density fiberboards
We can also contribute to reduce the waste water generation and potable water demands while increasing the local aquifer recharge by Innovative Waste Water Techniques.
Plywood Wheat boards
We can reduce potable water use for building
Straw boards
sewage conveyance by 50% through the use of
Panel substrates
water conserving fixtures (e.g. Water closets,
Door cores
urinals) or non potable water (e.g. Captured
Plywood sections of I-Beams
rain water, recycle grey water and on site or municipally treated waste water). Or we can
All the above stated materials have no added
also treat 50% of waste water on site to
urea formaldehyde resins
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ISBN:378-26-138420-02111
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
tertiary standards. Treated water must be
reasons one should opt for green IT. The
infiltrated or used on site.
following are a few ways to implement. Unutilized and underutilized resources
The practice of green roofs and vegetated roofs should be employed while maximizing
to be decommissioned. If possible using a single power
the open spaces can contribute in a large scale to the better environment.
efficient server. Power management: Automation of
The most recent weather disaster that have
shutdown and power on process.
been befallen American homes have been sad
Upgradation to power efficient
indeed but there is a silver lining in their dark
hardware.
clouds. Ironically, they have given building designers and constructors an opportunity to
There are also few hindrances like the
think not only of following sound green
business management structure and huge cost
building practices, but also of incorporating
in the implementation of strategy.
them into creating buildings that will better
On the otherside the advantages it carries are
stand up in violent weather - what can be called strong architecture - and make them
i.
and
safer and more comfortably livable. Increasing cost of existing resources has led to growth in cost of energy. In India, energy costs have risen by more than three fold in the last decade. Green IT: Increasing energy efficiency to reduce operational costs, compliances with the regulatory bodies and reducing the carbon footprints, increasing the efficiency of computing resources so as to reduce the environmental impact of IT utilization are the
It reduces greatly the operational costs
ii.
Puts forwards a noble image in front of the clients and other stake holders.
Green Energy: Natural resources used in the energy generation processes and ever-increasing pollution caused by the non renewable sources is developing a need for green energy. Some of the ways to implement green energy are setting up power plants using renewable energy sources, increasing government expenditure on sustainable sources of energy and to improve infrastructure and manpower
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INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ICCME-2014
development. Large cost in setting up projects
because hardwork can be eclipsed but it can
and improper protesting of technologies act as
never be extinguished.
barriers for green energy. Future of Green Technologies: The global focus is now on renewable energy as an effective tool in switching over to a sustainable low-carbon growth path. This would address the energy security in developing economies and combat climate change at the global level. India is making rapid studies in harnessing renewable energy technologies for energy generation. The governments are taking up renewable energy plans for their nations. They are also starting eco-friendly procedures to help the environment out. (People are becoming aware of the affects they take on this planet and acting) The private sector is investing in green technologies for good public relations and also to save money. The future of green technology is now. Conclusion: Every person should contribute to clean up the planet. We should learn from our mistakes. Having learned of natural renewable energies that we can utilize for a long lasting healthier lifestyle we all can now pull together to assure a better world for future generations. Every person living on this earth has to do his/her bit
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