Sunday Onsite Presentation Session 2

South-East Asian Studies

Session Chair: Kim-Lan Cao

11:25-11:50

67174 | Comparison of ASEAN Quality Standards and UNICEF’s Minimum Standards on Childcare Services for Children Aged 0-4 Years Old

Jitjuta Nicol, British Embassy in Beijing, China

The Framework Agreement for Cooperation between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) which was signed in 2014 states that areas of collaboration include information sharing and technical support on Early Childhood Care and Development. This bilateral agreement is categorized as ASEAN Socio-Cultural Cooperation. The ASEAN Early Childhood Care, Development and Education Quality Standards document covering childcare services for children aged 0-4 years old was published in 2017 while the UNICEF’s minimum standards document related to childcare services of similar age group children was published since 2008. Both ASEAN and UNICEF agreeably acknowledge that the ASEAN standards would be “a blueprint” of early childhood development plan for ASEAN member states. The first finding of the research is that the ASEAN standards require actions from states, service providers as well as families while the UNICEF standards require actions toward states’ legal support such as having labor law and regulations which entitle parental leave. Whilst the ASEAN standards depend on families and communities, the UNICEF standards aims to change social structure such as reducing child poverty rate for a long-term quality child development. Functionalism theory is applicable well in this research because as seen that ASEAN states alone will not be able to achieve such good quality of childcare services. UNICEF shares information and technical support to some extent. The future research might focus on possibility of creating ASEAN standards on parental leave and benefits which should be paralleled with the ASEAN Economic blueprints 2025.

11:50-12:15

68193

| Nationalism: A Core Factor in the Compromise of the Antagonistic Relationship Between Confucianism and Feminism in Vietnam (a Survey of the Female Newspapers in the Early 20th Century)

Kim Lan Cao, Institute of Literature - Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, Vietnam

Vietnam was colorful and complex in the Europeanization "whirlwind" of the early 20th century since it followed the footsteps of the French colonists, forming smoldering contradictions in society when it contained both the shortcomings of the previous ideology as well as the advances and disadvantages of the new idea, in which emerges the antagonistic relationship between feminism and Confucian ethical standards for women. During this time, Vietnamese intellectuals criticized Confucianism in many aspects, bringing it to a crisis. The Confucian ethical practices expose problems that are directly incompatible with feminism's emancipatory and equal thinking. In reality, there was reconciliation, but this compromise also concealed underlying issues that were not associated with the nature of either new or old thoughts but rather with nationalism and the colonial issue. This, in specific, helps in our understanding of the cultural resistance and assimilation phenomena. Based on the survey of this antagonistic relationship in the female newspapers of the early 20th century, from both the situation and the solution, the paper focuses on explaining the reasons for reconciliation between these two opposing ideas. From there, to answer a more profound question, how were cultural resistance and assimilation dealt with in Vietnam during the French colonial period? The rapid reconciliation, on the one hand, distinguishes Vietnamese feminism; on the other hand, it refers to a nation's internal strength and identity, which are the controlling factors of acculturation phenomena.

12:15-12:40

70541 | Decision-Making Reasons of Thai People to Put Elderly Parent in Nursing Home

Sauwaluck Koojaroenprasit, Kasetsart University, Thailand Sumaree Pumpinyo, Kasetsart University, Thailand

The purposes of this study were to examine the reasons to put parents in the nursing home in Bangkok, Thailand and to examine the differences in gender and age on the reasons to put parents in the nursing homes. A questionnaire survey was used. The sample was 200. It was found that the respondents were female and male of 70 percent and 30 percent, respectively. The majority respondents were in age group more than 50 years old, with income more than 47,000 baht per month. The results indicated that the most important reasons to put their parents in the nursing home are; safer to stay in the nursing homes than stay at home, there are medical specialists in charge, and 24-hour care, respectively. Person influencing decision making to choose the nursing homes for their parents is themselves, parents, relatives, and friends, respectively. The results showed that gender difference affected only one reason to put parents in the nursing home; the nursing home is near their residences. The age group differences affected the two reasons to put parents in the nursing homes; well-known nursing homes and want their parents to have friends at the same age.