Table 25: Learning technologies used by adult educators by employment status

system in their work while only 30% of freelancers did so. Similarly, around 2 in 5 full time AEs used collaborative tools, but only less than 1 in 3 freelancers did so.

Table 25: Learning technologies used by adult educators by employment status

Fulltime Freelance Industry practitioner

Audio-visual training aids (e.g. Smart boards) n 161 103 66 % 73.9 65.2 57.4

Recorded videos of training activities/contents (e.g. lectures, seminars, discussions) n 138 94 55

% 63.3 59.5 47.8

Learning Management Systems (e.g. Moodle, Canvas, LearningSpace, AsknLearn) n 98 47 33

% 45.0 29.8 28.7

Web-based seminars/presentations (e.g. Blackboard Collaborate, Adobe Connect, virtual classrooms) n 84 43 31

% 38.5 27.2 27.0

Web-based forums, online chats, online community of practice, polling n 83 51 28

% 38.1 32.3 24.4 Web-based chats, conferencing n 66 40 24 % 30.3 25.3 20.9 Collaboration platforms (e.g. Google docs) n 87 43 34 % 39.9 27.2 29.6

Mobile applications for adult training (e.g. Gnowbe, AcuiZen) n 50 32 17

% 22.9 20.3 14.8 Gamifications n 54 27 21 % 24.8 17.1 18.3

Simulations (such as augmented reality, virtual reality) n 52 31 19

% 23.9 19.6 16.5 E-portfolios n 50 33 22 % 22.9 20.9 19.1 E-assessment (e.g. online quizzes) n 111 58 38 % 50.9 36.7 33.0 Others n 1 1 0 % 2.0 2.1 0.0

The results show similar patterns with those of the TPs. AEs used learning technology more frequently for knowledge transfer or content dumping (e.g., Smart boards, recorded videos) than in using it to connect learners to learners or learning context, implying that training might be less experiential (learning by doing) and social (interacting with peers).

AEs who reported higher proficiency in tech-enabled learning & digital literacy tended to use learning technology more often than those with low digital proficiency in their work, suggesting that targeting to improve the digital literacy skills could increase the adoption of learning technology in adult education and training. See Figure 12.