Graduation Thesis!

Abu Dhabi University College of Engineering Department of Architecture and Design

FALL 2016-17 Graduation Project 1 ARC 510

Done By: Zoya Rehman – 1029904 Supervised by: Dr. Paolo Caratelli

ALAIN DRUG REHABAILTATON INSTITUTE

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ALAIN DRUG REHABAILTATON INSTITUTE

A DESIGN THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN OF ABU DHABI UNIVERSITY

BY ZOYA REHMAN – 1029004

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENT FOR DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE FALL 2016-2017 ABU DHABI, UAE

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I dedicate this book to my professors who have had faith in me more than I had faith in myself, especially Dr. Paolo Caratelli who I had my first architecture studio with and he said and I quote: “The pencil in your hand is the most powerful tool you could ever possess.”

Other than Dr. Paolo I would like to pay my gratitude to Professor Alessandra Misuri and Professor Yusra Saleh who taught me things about the field of architecture that I wouldn’t have learned otherwise. I also thank the rest of the thesis committee for their encouragement and insightful comments during all my 5 years of studying architecture.

I would like to thank my Mama, Baba and my siblings; Saad and Sumiyya for pushing me to my limits and helping me through thick and thin always. Also I thank my friends Uzma, Aroosa and Rabia, for never refusing to help me.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1. Project Description ............................................................................................................................................. 9 1.2. Reason of Selection .......................................................................................................................................... 10 1.3. Project goals/objectives ................................................................................................................................ 10 1.4. Problem Statement .......................................................................................................................................... 11 1.6. Methods of Data Collection .......................................................................................................................... 11 1.7. Report Organization ........................................................................................................................................ 12 1.8. Work Plan ............................................................................................................................................................ 13 2. Precedent Studies ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 2.1. List of Precedent Studies ............................................................................................................................... 15 Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal ................................................................................................ 15 St. Johns Rehab...................................................................................................................................................... 15 Beit-Halochem Rehabilitation Center.......................................................................................................... 16 Proyecto Hombre ................................................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.1. Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal ......................................................................................... 17 2.2.2. ST. JOHNS Rehab ........................................................................................................................................... 24 2.2.3. Beit-Halochem Rehabilitation Center .................................................................................................. 30 2.2.4. Proyecto Hombre .......................................................................................................................................... 36 2.3. Comparative Chart ........................................................................................................................................... 41 3. Site Analysis ................................................................................................................................................................ 42 3.1. Site Selection Criteria ..................................................................................................................................... 43 3.2. Site Proposal....................................................................................................................................................... 43 Location ................................................................................................................................................................... 43 3.3. Site Study ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 Topography ............................................................................................................................................................ 45 Natural Features................................................................................................................................................... 45 Environmental Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 46 Zoning and plot regulations............................................................................................................................. 50 Historical Development..................................................................................................................................... 51 Site Access & Sreet Network ........................................................................................................................... 52 Visual Documentation ........................................................................................................................................ 54 5.4. Conclusions ......................................................................................................................................................... 56 4. Data Collection & Analysis .................................................................................................................................... 58 4.1. Background Description ................................................................................................................................ 59 4.2. Activities/Functions ........................................................................................................................................ 60

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4.3. Space Standards ................................................................................................................................................ 62 4.4. Local and international design codes and regulations ..................................................................... 78 Fire codes ................................................................................................................................................................ 78 Estidama Ratings.................................................................................................................................................. 81 4.5. Anthropometric and Ergonomic Data Including Barrier Free....................................................... 83 5. Users Feedback .......................................................................................................................................................... 86 5.1. Data Collection................................................................................................................................................... 87 5.2. Data evaluation and Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 87 5.3. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................... 93 6. Estimated Budget...................................................................................................................................................... 94 6.1. Estimate cost of executions .......................................................................................................................... 95 7. Programming .............................................................................................................................................................. 96 7.1. Project vision...................................................................................................................................................... 97 7.2. Summary Area Program ................................................................................................................................ 98 7.3. Detailed Area Program................................................................................................................................... 99 7.4. Bubble Diagram .............................................................................................................................................. 102 7.5. Proximity Matrix............................................................................................................................................. 103 General Program Matrix.................................................................................................................................. 103 Main Area Matrix................................................................................................................................................ 104 Major Area Matrix .............................................................................................................................................. 105 8. Conceptual Design Background ........................................................................................................................ 106 8.1. Design Concept Summary ........................................................................................................................... 107 8.2. Site response .................................................................................................................................................... 108 8.3. Design Rationale ............................................................................................................................................. 109 Building Placement on the Site .................................................................................................................... 109 Basic Zoning within the Building................................................................................................................. 109 9. Summary .................................................................................................................................................................... 110 References ...................................................................................................................................................................... 112 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................................................ 113 List of Tables.................................................................................................................................................................. 114 List of Charts .................................................................................................................................................................. 115 List of Matrixes ............................................................................................................................................................. 115 APPENDIX – SURVEY ................................................................................................................................................. 116

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1. INTRODUCTION 8

1.1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION Architecture is about creating a space and making it lively for a suitable purpose.

Architecture thus has a purpose. A building conveys various impacts and effects to its habitat.

Residential building creates a homely environment for living but the same building may not create the same environment for the treatment purpose. Each building has its meaning and its particular function.

Man is a social animal. He was born in a society; he lives in a society and eventually dies in a society. With the addiction the drug user may forget the society but they need the support of the society after the treatment because it is the place where they belong. It is hard for the society to accept the social criminal with same respect as the saying goes “once a thief always a thief�. Hence rehabilitation centers should also be able to provide skills and trainings which will be fruitful for the society so that they can accept them without any hesitations. Thus for creating an overall sound and perfect rehabilitation center which is not just a compromise of space but a creation of space which bring a radical psychological change helping in the improvement of the physical health as well as the mental state so that they could return to the society gaining some knowledge and life withstanding skills, both for male and female, a drug rehabilitation center is required.

In order for positive change to occur, it is important to provide a facility where the emotional and psychological effects of architectural experience are researched, understood, and implemented. The result of this experience will improve the quality of life and restore a sense of belonging in the patients and their families. The rehabilitation institute for the drug users would be their safe zone where they feel like they’re home and feel understood, the institute would give them a sense of acceptance through its open and inviting architecture even though it may remain confined to the outsiders.

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1.2. REASON OF SELECTION According to the UN's Office on Drugs and Crime, an estimated 15.5 million to 38.6 million problem drug users are spread across the world.

The public attitude towards drug addicts is twofold – who are addict people? One part thinks they are criminals, and the other calls them patients. Overcoming drug addiction is a complex process, after treatment and improvement in symptoms addiction people need rehabilitation services. These services often combine treatment (often required for program admission), independent living and social skills training, psychological support to clients and their families, housing, vocational rehabilitation and employment, social support and network enhancement and access to leisure activities.

Selection of this project was in order to learn and create something that not fulfills the architecture aspect but a social aspect as well. Architecture is known for its glam but this project will elaborate how architecture leads so many humanitarian causes as well, because architecture is one thing that we see and find everywhere.

1.3. PROJECT GOALS/OBJECTIVES The purpose of the rehabilitation institute would be to create a design that will change the user’s outlook on life as well as his experiences that will restore them back to a higher quality of life. The design would be sketched keeping in mind the needs and wants of the users, what is their preference, what do they want to see more of, etc. Moreover the materiality of the project would be made sure to be healing, comforting and warm for the user just to make sure the environment around the user is nurturing.

An additional objective of this design would be that is environmentally conscious i.e. the building practices sustainable practices as well as construction. Furthermore, to make sure that the design is also a source of awareness for the upcoming youth of our generation and to warn them that indulging themselves in these harmful activities would only cause them harm.

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1.4. PROBLEM STATEMENT In what ways can architecture provide an environment where users can harness negative emotions and channel them into positive outcomes?

Rehab provides treatments for depression and other physical and mental disorders.

Medication and counseling are two important treatment aspects which are as important as medications. Interaction with experts and sharing between inmates and ex-addicts will help them to rebuild their lost confidence and hope. Religious retreat units are also working in the field of rehabilitation, but they use spiritual wisdom as a major counseling element.

The aim of the project will be to provide a comfortable and patient friendly environment for treatment and rehabilitation facilities, which means using the potential of architecture to enhance the experience of space and helps the patients to reintegrate back to the society. To create a space with meaning, that would help the patients to build their lost social behavior back.

1.6. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION Data collection for this project will be completed through several different sources: 

Libraries

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E-libraries

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Books

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Journals

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Articles

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Internet

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Search engines

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Case studies

The use of both qualitative and quantitative data helps in improving the evaluation of the data. Through this, it can be ensured that the limitation one data collection will be compensated with the use of other. Libraries and E-journals will be used to get a good grip on the background of the object under study. Whereas, case studies and survey/questionnaires will be used to evaluate the attitude of the sample with regards to the subject matter.

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1.7. REPORT ORGANIZATION The report will be completed in various different steps in the shape of detailed chapters. They will cover the scope of the project that comes before the design phase. Below are the chapters that will be a part of the report: 

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION Description of the project, what the project will be and what the objectives of the project are.

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Chapter 2: PRECEDENT STUDIES Previous related projects that have been achieved and their analysis is done in order to understand the significance of this project.

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Chapter 3: SITE ANALYSIS The site of the project is analyzed to know the site’s topography, features, zoning, etc.

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Chapter 4: DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS Background and description of the selected building type and its functions.

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Chapter 5: USERS FEEDBACK A survey is conducted to know what the general public’s opinion on the matter is.

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Chapter 6: ESTIMATED BUDGET Estimated cost of executions.

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Chapter 7: PROGRAMMING The program of the project is defined, the spaces in the building and all the necessary areas calculated with meters.

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Chapter 8: CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

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1.8. WORK PLAN

TABLE 1: PHASES OF PREDESIGN PLANNING

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2. PRECEDENT STUDIES 14

2.1. LIST OF PRECEDENT STUDIES REHABILITATION CENTRE GROOT KLIMMENDAAL 

Location: The Netherlands

ST. JOHNS REHAB 

Location: Toronto, ON, Canada

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BEIT-HALOCHEM REHABILITATION CENTER 

Location: Beersheba, Israel

PROYECTO HOMBRE 

Location: Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain

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2.2.1. REHABILITATION CENTRE GROOT KLIMMENDAAL

FIGURE I: EXTERIOR VIEW – WEST ELEVATION [RCGK]

BACKGROUND Architects: Koen van Velsen Location: The Netherlands Area: 14000.0 sqm Project Year: 2011 LOCATION The Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal is a gorgeous glass-clad building that sits tucked amongst groves of trees in the Dutch forest.

REASON FOR SELECTING THE BUILDING The very well blend of the manmade creation with nature is very inspiring. The materiality of the building is very edgy and modern. The programs of the building comprise of everything an excellent rehab should have.

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CONCEPT It is based on the idea that the rehabilitation environment can encourage patients to get better: the building exudes confidence; dual use of public spaces promotes social interaction; and the building invites exercise, an important part of rehabilitation e.g. walking in long corridors and stairwell designed especially for dual use.

FIGURE II: EXTERIOR BACK VIEW [RCGK]

DESIGN From a small footprint, the Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal designed by Koen van Velsen gradually fans out towards the top and cantilevers out over the surrounding terrain.

Despite its size, the brown-golden anodised aluminium facade allows the nearly 14,000 sqm building to blend in with its natural surroundings. ‘Groot Klimmendaal’ is part of a masterplan also designed by Koen van Velsen. The masterplan envisages the area, largely built upon by one and two-story buildings, to be gradually transformed into a public park landscape.

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MATERIALITY The three-story building is clad in anodized, brown aluminum as a way of blending it into its forested surroundings. Sustainable and low maintenance building materials were also chosen for their long life span and durability. Full height glazing along the central space connecting the various different internal elements of the building ensures an almost seamless continuity between interior and exterior. The meandering facade in the restaurant results in a building in between trees and invites the forest inside the building. The design ambition for the interior was not to create a center with the appearance of a health building but a building as a part of its surroundings and the community.

FIGURE III: SEATING AREA [RCGK]

FIGURE IV: CORRIDOR [RCGK]

FIGURE V: CORRIDOR [RCGK]

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FUNCTIONS AND FACILITIES

FIGURE VI: BASMENT PLAN [RCGK]

FIGURE VII: GROUND FLOOR PLAN [RCGK]

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FIGURE VIII: FIRST FLOOR PLAN [RCGK]

FIGURE IX: CROSS SECTION [RCGK]

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FIGURE X: LONGITUDINAL SECTION [RCGK]

FIGURE XI: DIAGRAMS [RCGK]

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CONCLUSION Strengths: 

The project has won many awards which shows how well designed it is.

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The location is in the forest which means there is: O O O

Good amount of vegetation & greenery.

A pleasant view.

Natural lighting is in abundance.

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Building materials are sustainable and low maintenance.

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Minimum footprint.

Weaknesses: 

The location is in a forest which means in case of emergencies, it might be time consuming for help to arrive.

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There aren’t any courtyards available.

Lessons Learnt: 

Importance of natural daylight and how to incorporate it in the design.

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Placement of the areas, so that the design is well adjusted.

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2.2.2. ST. JOHNS Rehab

FIGURE XII: FRONT ELEVATION [S T. JR]

BACKGROUND Architects: Montgomery Sisam Architects + Farrow Partnership Architects Location: Toronto, ON, Canada Area: 48300.0 sqm Project Year: 2011 LOCATION The major addition and renovation to St. John’s Rehab Hospital takes full advantage of a remarkable site by reconnecting the major public spaces within the building to the surrounding natural landscape, which is part of the Toronto ravine system.

REASON FOR SELECTING THE BUILDING This project illustrates the potential for hospitals to be more than just clinical settings. St. John’s sets an example for a more holistic idea about health: one that includes comfort, wellbeing and inspiration, one that is closely affiliated with the ravine system which provides such a precious natural ecosystem for the healthy city. The building has many wide openings for natural lighting to enter in; this creates an illuminating effect throughout the entire building.

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CONCEPT Since the project selected is an extended project to an existing one, the project’s concept is to transform the building into a better place. The internal clinical environment has been transformed into a fresh, inviting space which will contribute to the patients’ rehabilitation and recovery. On entering the building, one sees directly through to the treed ravine edge, the hospital’s most precious asset.

FIGURE XIII: ENTRANCE VIEW [ST. JR]

DESIGN The addition consists of two large rehabilitation gyms, associated clinical offices, a new therapy pool and a relocated, grade level central drop off and entry. A generous, singleloaded corridor provides the primary circulation for the addition at both levels. Not only does it provide access to a wide range of multi-disciplinary treatment spaces, it offers views into a new therapy garden and the ever-changing landscape. At the same time, it is an ideal setting for patients to work independently on their rehabilitation treatment and gradually regain mobility and confidence.

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MATERIALITY The new entrance sets the tone for the whole space: a glass-walled, light-filled atrium that overlooks a pristine courtyard tightly nestled between the new wing on one side, and an older addition on the other. The “therapy garden,” accessible via the lower floor and completely at grade for wheelchairs, features immaculately tended greenery and lines of young trees that will eventually provide shade to strolling patients and staff. It’s these two elements, the entryway and the lush natural setting beyond that really connect back to the original structure’s English country manor-style back terrace and gardens, according to partners in charge Terry Montgomery and Tye Farrow. Another important component to alleviating that tension involves helping patients to quickly orient themselves to the space with ample windows and wide corridors.

FIGURE XIV: ENTRANCE - INTERIOR [ST. JR]

FIGURE XV: CORRIDOR VIEW [ST. JR]

FIGURE XVI: SWIMMING POOL [ST. JR]

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FUNCTIONS AND FACILITIES

FIGURE XVII: SITE PLAN [ST. JR]

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FIGURE XVIII: GROUND FLOOR PLAN [ST. JR]

FIGURE XIX: ELEVATION [ST. JR]

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CONCLUSION Strengths: 

It is a successful renovation project which integrates with the site and the existing building.

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It offers views into a new therapy garden and the ever-changing landscape,

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It is an ideal setting for patients to work independently on their rehabilitation treatment and gradually regain mobility and confidence.

Weaknesses: 

The circulation of the building is a bit confusing, one might get lost when entering for the first time.

Lessons learnt: 

Circulation is an important aspect and should always be kept in mind while designing.

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A therapeutic garden is a pleasant idea for a rehabilitation facility.

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2.2.3. BEIT-HALOCHEM REHABILITATION CENTER

FIGURE XX: EXTERIOR VIEW [B-H RC]

BACKGROUND Architects: Kimmel-Eshkolot Architects Location: Beersheba, Israel Area: 6000.0 sqm Project Year: 2011 LOCATION On the outskirts of Beer Sheva, where the city ends and the desert begins, the new "BeitHalochem" rehabilitation center is built.

REASON FOR SELECTING THE BUILDING The "rocks" like shaped structures accommodate intimate and quiet functions, whereas the negative space between them creates gathering areas, and defines the circulation in the building. The alignment of these rocks, combined with the thin horizontal roof which hovers between them, creates an inviting and protected courtyard.

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CONCEPT Desert sun and arid scenery served as source of inspiration to design a composition of rocklike volumes that are grouped together. Sharp, clean lines characterize the architecture of this complex for the rehabilitation. The concept of the building was five ‘rocks’ in the desert with an overarching roof. Each ‘rock’ is a wing of the building and the intervening spaces are cloaked with a timber-lined soffit. Evaluating the design was hindered by a huge amount of clutter but in general the building seems to work though I found reading the layout from the entry and the foyer slightly difficult, the ‘rocks’ metaphor doesn’t quite work for me.

FIGURE XXI: EXTERIOR VIEW [B-H RC]

DESIGN Constructed of cast-in-place concrete, the facility accommodates such functions as housing, sports, dining, physiotherapy and administration in a schema that takes advantage of the topography to create essentially two ground floors interconnecting five monolithic units with heights up to three floors. A thin roof is employed as one of the ground floors, interlocking, and interconnecting the vertically-stacked units that are also connected through a series of

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corridors and bridges. The spaces in-between the buildings, connected by thin bridges, are treated as courtyards for public use.

MATERIALITY The “rocks” enclose rooms for private and more intimate functions, while in-between spaces serve as public areas in the building. Light bridges spanned over those areas enable passage between public spaces, which reinforces the ‘experience’ of the building for the users.

In the private areas, thick walls provide climate protection, which is so essential in the Negev desert. In contrast, in the public areas the light roof that caps the building provides shade and protection of the interior regions, and also creates a variety of external spaces where it is pleasant to relax.

FIGURE XXII: SWIMMING POOL [B-H RC]

FIGURE XXIV: ENTRANCE STAIRS [B-H RC]

FIGURE XXIII: ENTRANCE VIEW - INTERIOR [B-H RC]

FIGURE XXV: ENTRANCE VIEW – EXTERIOR [B-H RC]

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FUNCTIONS AND FACILITIES

FIGURE XXVI: GROUND FLOOR PLAN

FIGURE XXVII: FIRST FLOOR PLAN

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FIGURE XXVIII: SECTION – A [B-H RC]

FIGURE XXIX: SECTION – B [B-H RC]

FIGURE XXX: SECTION – C [B-H RC]

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CONCLUSION Strengths: 

The rock looking buildings enclose rooms for private and more intimate functions.

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The experience of the users in the building is kept in mind while designing with elements such as light bridges.

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Courtyards are available in the shape of thin bridges.

Weaknesses: 

The entrance look of the building seems unwelcoming.

Lessons Learnt: 

Openings of a building are vital.

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The concept of the design can come from the scenery of the site.

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The circulation of the building needs to be well defined.

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2.2.4. PROYECTO HOMBRE

FIGURE XXXI: ENTRANCE VIEW [PH]

BACKGROUND Architects: Elsa Urquijo Arquitectos Location: Santiago de Compostela, A CoruĂąa, Spain Area: 2996.0 sqm Project Year: 2012 LOCATION This building was created in response to the need to accommodate new facilities to the HQ of Proyecto hombre in the city of Santiago de Compostela.

REASON FOR SELECTING THE BUILDING The building is a shelter for the life that takes place in it, a serene space, unpretentious, with a strong presence and to endure. It creates a peaceful and tranquil ambiance around its patients because of its look and the program of the building is set according to the needs of the patients. The approach of the design is very minimalistic that is not an easy thing to achieve.

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CONCEPT The new headquarters of Proyecto hombre is an architectural space that revolves around the individual. It is a multifunctional structure that is developed in horizontal surfaces interconnected to each other. This initiative works to identify social problems that lead to addiction and seeks to regain the autonomy and responsibility to bring the individual back to being an active member of society and in order to achieve this it was necessary to work from both a therapeutic and educational setting. This building is devised to adopt this inclusive idea, to accompany the individual in his recovery with its peaceful architecture.

FIGURE XXXII: EXTERIOR VIEW [PH]

DESIGN The outpatient therapy and administration areas are located near the entrance of the building and are on two floors, the floor set aside for counseling offices, consultancy, information, and the first floor for therapy rooms and management. The residential area occupies one of the wings of the building on the first floor. 24 spaces for users without family support or protection are created. It is an independent, private area that is at the same time connected with the therapeutic and educational areas.

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MATERIALITY The different volumes are developed and adapted to the morphology of the terrain accompanying through corbels that make the horizontality of the building, providing shade, and shelter as well as highlighting the entrance. The approach of this work follows a simple horizontal line, able to visually express one direction, movement and development.

FIGURE XXXIII: TERRACE [PH]

FIGURE XXXV: CORRIDOR [PH]

FIGURE XXXIV: ENTRANCE VIEW [PH]

FIGURE XXXVI: SEATING AREA

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FUNCTIONS AND FACILITIES

FIGURE XXXVII: GROUND FLOOR PLAN [PH]

FIGURE XXXVIII: SECTION [PH]

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CONCLUSION Strengths: 

It creates a peaceful and tranquil ambiance around its patients.

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The building is symmetrical thus providing the building with a clean look.

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The approach of this work follows a simple horizontal line, able to visually express one direction, movement and development.

Weaknesses: 

Family interaction is not allowed which seems kind of harsh although it is in the interest of the patient.

Lessons Learnt: 

Building doesn’t need to be complex in order to fulfill its requirement, even minimalism works.

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Colors or the materials of the building have a good hand in the look of the building.

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2.3. COMPARATIVE CHART Project

Area Design

Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal

St. Johns Rehab

Beit-Halochem Rehabilitation Center

Proyecto Hombre

14000.0 sqm

48300.0 sqm

6000.0 sqm

2996.0 sqm

The masterplan envisages the area, largely built upon by one and two-story buildings, to be gradually transformed into a public park landscape.

Function Three floor building.

Contains gymnasium, swimming pool, fitness center, and theatre and patient rooms.

Materials Cladding is anodized,

Lesson Learnt

brown aluminum.  Sustainable and low maintenance building materials.

Placement of the areas, so that the design is well adjusted.

Since the project selected is an extended project to an existing one, the project’s concept is to transform the building into a better place.

Desert sun and arid scenery served as source of inspiration to design a composition of rocklike volumes that are grouped together.

Sharp, clean lines characterize the architecture of this complex for the rehabilitation.  Consists of two large  Two ground floors rehabilitation gyms, interconnecting five associated clinical offices, monolithic units with a new therapy pool and a heights up to three relocated, grade level floors. central drop off and entry.  Accommodates such  Also a new therapy garden functions as housing, and the ever-changing sports, dining, landscape. physiotherapy and administration.

The building is a shelter for the life that takes place in it, a serene space, unpretentious, with a strong presence and to endure. The approach of the design is very minimalistic that is not an easy thing to achieve.  Two floors building.  Consists of an outpatient therapy and administration areas. Counseling offices, consultancy, information and therapy rooms and management.

Therapeutic and educational areas.  A glass-walled, light-filled  Constructed of cast-  White concrete atrium. in-place concrete. building.

Circulation is an important aspect and should always be kept in mind while designing.

The concept of the design can come from the scenery of the site.

Building doesn’t need to be complex in order to fulfill its requirement, even minimalism works.

TABLE 2: COMPARISON CHART OF PRECEDENT STUDIES

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3. SITE ANALYSIS 42

3.1. SITE SELECTION CRITERIA In order to select an appropriate site, certain criterions need to be met so that the project comes out in its best form. A detailed study of the site is necessary so that the drawbacks and the benefits of the site are identified.

The research about the site would include: 

History of the site

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The current use of the site

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Microclimate

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Transportation around the site

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Surroundings of the site

Other than covering the architecture to the urban design of the site, many additional activities regarding the site will be covered in this analysis in order to design the most suitable rehab.

3.2. SITE PROPOSAL LOCATION The site chosen is located on the North-East side on outskirts of the city, Al Ain - UAE. It is in middle of the road that leads to the border of Alain and the neighboring country Oman and is approximately 12 km away from the border that meets with Oman. The site is surrounded by a few farms and a water bottling factory.

Figure XXXIX: UAE Map

Figure XL: Al Ain Map

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FIGURE XLI: GOOGLE EARTH – SITE TOP VIEW

3.3. SITE STUDY This part of the chapter will include in depth study of the site that will cover the following characteristics of the site: 

Topography

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Natural features

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Environmental analysis

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Zoning and plot regulations

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Historical development

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Site access & Street network

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Visual documentation

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TOPOGRAPHY

FIGURE XLII: TOPOGRAPY LINES [SITE]

Figure XLII illustrates the topography of the site which really shows that except a few areas on the site, it is pretty much a flat plain land. Only a few parts of the area have a different altitude and might be raised a few centimeters however the rest of the site is even.

NATURAL FEATURES UAE has a hot dry climate most of the time of the year, which is the natural; features of this empty site can be predicted. The ground has soil all over that is dry and clumpy [Figure XLIII], there is not a lot of vegetation [Figure XLIV] found on the site and the one that is visible is a dry short plant.

FIGURE XLIII: LANDSCAPE [SITE]

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FIGURE XLIV: VEGETATION [SITE]

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS The environmental analysis covers the orientation of sun on the site and site specific exposure of the wind on the site.

MICROCLIMATE

FIGURE XLV: MICROCLIMATE [SITE]

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ORIENTATION – SUNPATH, SHADOWS

The sun path [Figure XLV], sun rays [Figure XLVI] and shadows rays [Figure XLVII] indicate the direction of the sun for the site in all seasons and times, throughout the entire year.

FIGURE XLVI: SUN PATH [SITE]

FIGURE XLVII: SUN RAYS [SITE]

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FIGURE XLVIII: SHADOWS [SITE]

TABLE 3: SPECIFICATIONS OF THE SUN [SITE]

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SITE SPECIFIC EXPOSURE

The most amount of wind arrives from the North-West and South-Southeast [Figure XLVIII].

The climate is hot and dry during the summers and cool and little rainy during the winters.

FIGURE XLIX: WIND SPEED CHART [ALAIN]

FIGURE L: AL AIN INTL ARP

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ZONING AND PLOT REGULATIONS HEIGHT

The city of Al Ain has a specific height standard when it comes to residential or commercial buildings, no one can exceed the limit [Table 2], set by the municipality.

TABLE 4: BAR CHART – MUNICIPLAITY STANDARDS

The site chosen for the design is far off the city and the only building in sight is that of a water bottling factory which is approximately 12-15 meters in height and the with the factory is a mosque and a complex for the workers of the factory to live in. The rest of the area is covered with farms.

FOREGROUND PLAN

The foreground plan illustrates all the man-made buildings areas present on the site.

FIGURE LI: FOREGROUND PLAN

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HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT In an interview conducted, Stephen Goldie [Town Planning Sector] from the Al Ain Municipality stated the site never had any specific use before and has been empty as it is now. He also said that there were no future endeavors planned for the site however some photos are given below to show the major historical development.

FIGURE LII: 2002 - SITE PLAN

FIGURE LIII: 2009 - SITE PLAN

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SITE ACCESS & SREET NETWORK The figures below indicate the access points of the site [Figure LIII] and well as the networks of the street [Figure LIV & LV] and an isovist [Figure LVI] is made in order to determine the areas one can directly see [on an eye level] in all directions while standing at the same point on the site.

FIGURE LIV: SITE ACCES

FIGURE LV: MAIN ROADS

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FIGURE LVI: SUB ROADS

FIGURE LVII: ISOVIST DIAGRAM

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VISUAL DOCUMENTATION

FIGURE LVIII: VISUAL SURVEY [SITE]

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FIGURE LIX: PANORAMIC VIEWS [SITE]

FIGURE LX: PANORAMIC VIEWS [SITE]

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5.4. CONCLUSIONS In this chapter of site analysis, an in depth study of the site was achieved, through analyzing the sun’s orientation on the site and also the exposure to wind, the site access and street network and conducting a visual survey of the complete site. All elements aforementioned helped to discover the site’s opportunities and its constraints.

The reason to choose this site [Khatam Al Shikla] is its location because for a rehabilitation institute it is better that it is situated on a loca tion that is less populated and this site fills that requirement. In addition to that the site is surrounded by a water bottling factory and a few farms that can be used as areas that patients can volunteer at.

Below are the site’s opportunities and its constraints.

1) Site’s opportunities: a. Location: The site is near the water bottling factory and farms that can be used as a volunteering spot for the patients. b. Accessibility: The main road to Khatam Al Shikla leads us to the site; it is easily accessible and easily found. c. Views: To the east of the site we can view the mountains ahead Oman border and it is an amazing view.

2) Site’s constraints: a. Vegetation: There is hardly any greenery on the site. b. Public Transport: There are no buses that have a route in that area since it is almost of out the boundaries of the city and taxis are rarely seen. c. Building Constraints: Al Ain municipality has strict rules regarding colors, materials and height of buildings.

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4. DATA COLLECTION & ANALYSIS 58

4.1. BACKGROUND DESCRIPTION There are many different types of drug rehab facilities. Some specialize in helping patients with a specific drug addiction; others offer a broader range of drug addiction services. Some rehab facilities are even gender or age-specific, as this often helps patients feel more comfortable in the rehab setting. Inpatient and outpatient rehab facilities are also available.

Drug rehab treatment centers often carry the stigma that patients are forced to stay. However, this stereotype is untrue. Patients in rehab centers are free to leave anytime they choose to.

One reason for this is that drug rehab can only be truly effective when the patient has a desire to be there and to change his or her addictive habits. That being said, in instances where individuals are compelled to go to rehab -- such as via a court order -- the rehab process can still be effective, even if they were initially reluctant to go.

Drug rehab centers range from very basic facilities to luxury treatment centers. The type of center a patient attends depends upon his or her budget and level of insurance coverage.

While luxury centers offer more amenities than basic facilities, they are not always the best treatment centers. Patients should investigate a rehab facility before making a final decision.

Before entering a rehab facility, patients may have to undergo detox treatment. Detox is the process in which a patient rids his or her body of the addictive substance. This process usually takes about a week and is monitored by doctors and nurses. Once a patient completes detox, he or she is ready for rehab.

Drug rehab treatment facilities help patients change their attitudes toward drugs. Many times drug addicts deny that they have an addiction and sometimes even claim that the drug is not harmful. The first step in rehab is to help patients get past this denial so that they can make an effort to change.

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4.2. ACTIVITIES/FUNCTIONS A Rehabilitation Center is a place which provides rehabilitation services and helps people recover from their illnesses or addictions. These centers can include clinics, hospitals, nursing homes or some private centers. The therapist who works in rehab centers can even make home visits if the patient feels uncomfortable joining the rehab center.

Selecting the appropriate functions for the design is challenging however very important for the project, which is why before choosing and filtering the kinds of functions that will be introduced in this project, many other general requirements of a drug rehabilitation center were studied.

Below are the main functions of a drug rehab facility that are generally found in the design: 

Master control: The technical hub comprising of many televisions that are connected to the surveillance cameras, giving a view of the entrance, lobby, rooms of patients and corridors.



Administration: The administration includes areas such as offices, entrance and lobby. That is supervised by the management i.e. the staff in the building.



Accommodations: The standard sized rooms for the patients to live in when they need to sleep or to rest combined with a personal WC.



Health Center: A floor or an extension dedicated to clinics, therapy rooms, physiotherapy rooms and everything related detoxification of the patient.



Catering: There are two ways of catering food in such a building, either the food is freshly cooked in a kitchen inside the premises or frozen if it as large station, however an operation that only works for 24 hours the food is usually prepared and takes a microwave to re-heat.



Washing services: Every room would be provided with its own washroom, however there would be a communal one for the staff and employees or the visitors and this also includes facilities like laundries.



Workshops: Several spacious quarters for teaching some solid skills to the patients in order to achieve a useful skill for a job if and when they leave the rehab. Such as educational skills, carpentry, cabinet making, textile making, culinary skills, art skills etc.

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

Library: Book reading is an important activity for the patients for clarity of the mind and staying up to date on current worldly affairs.



Dining Hall: A big hall for all the patients of the rehab for their breakfast, lunch and dinner.



Courtyards: An open space for the patients is essential so that they can be under the sky and get some fresh air as well as natural light.



Visitor Area: A room or an area for family and friends of the patient to come in and meet up with their special ones without any hesitation.



Storage: Accommodates all the supplies and equipment for everyone’s basic needs in the rehab.



Mechanical services: Supplies ventilation for the building, heating and cooling and all other services such as waste lines and emergency power supplies.

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4.3. SPACE STANDARDS HOSTEL

TABLE 5: 50 BED ACCOMMODATION

FIGURE LXI: FLOW CHART OF ORGANIZATION

FIGURE LXII: HOSTEL PLAN

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FIGURE LXIII: ACCOMMODATIONS

FIGURE LXIV: TYPICAL HOSTEL LAYOUT

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BEDROOMS

FIGURE LXV: BED ROOM LAYOUTS

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DINING HALL

FIGURE LXVI: DINING HALL LAYOUTS

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KITCHEN

FIGURE LXVII: KITCHEN STANDARDS

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FIGURE LXVIII: KITCHEN LAYOUTS

FIGURE LXIX: HOSTEL KITCHEN LAYOUTS

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FIGURE LXX: HOSTEL KITCHEN STANDARDS

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LIBRARIES

FIGURE LXXI: LIBRARY STANDARDS

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TABLE 6: SPACE AREA REQUIREMENTS

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FIGURE LXXII: LIBRARY TABLE AND CABINET STANDARDS

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WORKSHOPS

FIGURE LXXIII: WOOD WORKING WORKSHOP ORGANIZATION

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FIGURE LXXIV: WOOD WORKSHOP STANDARDS

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FIGURE LXXV: METALWORKING WORKSHOP STANDARDS

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OTHER FACILITIES

FIGURE LXXVI: BATH ROOM STANDARDS

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FIGURE LXXVII: LAUNDRY STANDARDS

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FIGURE LXXVIII: LAUNDRY AREA REQUIREMENTS

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4.4. LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL DESIGN CODES AND REGULATIONS FIRE CODES

TABLE 7: FIRE CODES 1

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TABLE 8: FIRE CODES 2

79

.

TABLE 9: FIRE CODES 3

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TABLE 10: FIRE CODES 4 .

ESTIDAMA RATINGS

TABLE 11: SUMMARY OF CREDIT POINTS FOR THE PEARL COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM 1

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TABLE 12: SUMMARY OF CREDIT POINTS FOR THE PEARL COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM 2

TABLE 13: SUMMARY OF CREDIT POINTS FOR THE PEARL COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM 3

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TABLE 14: SUMMARY OF CREDIT POINTS FOR THE PEARL COMMUNITY RATING SYSTEM 4

4.5. ANTHROPOMETRIC AND ERGONOMIC DATA INCLUDING BARRIER FREE The project aims to attract different type of visitors and people from all around the world they can be female, male, children and even disable people ‘wheelchair’.

1. Anthropometric: Anthropometrics is the science concerned with the measurement of humankind. Inevitably it is bound up with statistics, as people vary considerably in most dimensions.

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FIGURE LXXIX: MALE HUMANKIND MEASUREMENT

FIGURE LXXX: FEMALE HUMANKIND MEASUREMENT

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2. Barrier Free access: The corridor widths where people walk to access to different areas and stand depend on the width available.

FIGURE LXXXI: CORRIDORS WIDTHS.

And barriers free access for both regular users and special needs users.

FIGURE LXXXII: DIFFERENT MEASUREMENT OF CORRIDORS

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5. USERS FEEDBACK 86

5.1. DATA COLLECTION This project will be mainly used by drug addict’s patients. This facility will offer them rehabilitation so they can be better human beings.

Addiction to drugs can cause serious problems to your mental and physical health, as well as being behind several wider social issues. Drug addiction help can consist of medically assisted withdrawal and detoxification together with drug counselling sessions aimed at reducing dependency and rehabilitating the drug user.

The survey was designed to know people’s knowledge and opinion about rehabilitation facilities. Furthermore, there was a questionnaire of 10 different questions that was distributed among people of different age, gender and background. The survey was distributed via survey monkey and collected results were analyzed. The questionnaires refer to appendix – survey (pg. 117).

5.2. DATA EVALUATION AND CONCLUSIONS A survey of 10 different questions was distributed to different users and the results are analyzed as the following.

WHAT IS YOUR GENDER?

CHART 1: PIE CHART 1

As it can be seen from above results 28% of the respondents were male and 72 % of the respondents were female.

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2. IN YOUR OPINION, THE SITE FOR A REHAB SHOULD BE IN AN ISOLATED AREA OR A POPULATED AREA:

CHART 2: PIE CHART 2

As it can be seen from above results 50% of the respondents were in favor of having rehab on isolated place while 50% said that it should be located on populated place.

3. DO YOU THINK THE PREMISES OF THE REHABILITATION FACILITY BE?

CHART 3: PIE CHART 3

As it can be seen from above results of the survey 29 % said that the rehab should be high fenced. 49% of the respondents said it should be low fenced. 22% said that rehab should have no fence.

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4. DO YOU THINK A REHABILITATION FACILITY CAN IMPROVE THE BEHAVIOR OF THE PATIENT?

CHART 4: PIE CHART 4

As it can be seen from above 42 % said they strongly agree that rehabilitation improve behavior of the patients. 52 % should agree to the statement. 6 % were neutral about the statement.

5. DO YOU THINK THE MATERIAL AND THE COLOR PALETTE USED IN THE REHABILITATION FACILITY SHOULD BE HEALING AND COMFORTING?

CHART 5: PIE CHART 5

As it can be from 56 % of the respondents said strongly agree to the above statement. 34 % agreed to the above statement and 8 % were neutral. 2 % disagreed to the above statement.

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6. IN YOUR OPINION, THE PATIENTS IN A REHAB SHOULD HAVE EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES OR NOT?

CHART 6: PIE CHART 6

As seen from above results 70 % of the people strongly agree that rehab should have extracurricular activity. 20 % of the people agreed and 10 % were neutral.

7. IN YOUR OPINION THE PATIENT HOST IN THE REHAB SHOULD BE ABLE TO VOLUNTEER FOR CIVIL SERVICES [EG: WORKING UNDER MUNICIPALITY TO PICK UP TRASH OR CLEAN UP BUILDINGS:

CHART 7: PIE CHART 7

As it can be seen from above results 12 % strongly agree and 54 % agreed on the above statement. 26 % were neutral and 8 % disagreed.

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8. DO YOU THINK THE REHAB FACILITY NEEDS TO BE MONITORED BY SURVEILLANCE CAMERAS EVEN INSIDE THEIR ROOMS?

CHART 8: PIE CHART 8

As seen from above results 20% strongly agree to the statement and 30 % agreed.

26 % were neutral and 20 % disagreed. On the other hand, 4 % strongly disagreed.

9. IN YOUR OPINION, THE PATIENTS SHOULD BE ABLE TO MEET THEIR FAMILIES ON A REGULAR BASIS:

CHART 9: PIE CHART 9

As seen from above results 48 % strongly agreed that they should be allowed to meet their families. 44 % agree on the statement .4 % were neutral and 4 % disagreed on the statement.

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10. CHOOSE THE AREAS YOU THINK SHOULD BE IN A REHABILITATION FACILITY:

CHART 10: BAR GRAPH

66 % of the respondents said they should have workshops.58 % of the respondents said they should be courtyards in a rehab. 6 % said there should dark room with no light. 12 % said there should be small rooms only with a bed. 62 % said that there should be a library. 64 % said there should be arts space in a rehab.

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5.3. CONCLUSION Results were collected from several different users which were from different age, background, gender. These results help to build an appropriate rehab that will benefit the drug addicts to get through their addictions and be better people. From the point of view of majority of these respondents, the rehab must consist of a comforting ambiance with areas that have an art space, library and workshop. Furthermore, presence of extracurricular activities is also agreed to by the survey respondents. On the other hand, giving the patients municipal related work to volunteer is another appropriate idea that the majority of users strongly agreed to. These services included taking out trash and cleaning up buildings that will help the rehabs to remain busy and active throughout the day. This will also help them deviate their mind from the continuous need of drugs they might urge for.

The following points are suggestions related to the design of the rehab: 

Surveillance cameras are not compulsory to be installed inside the rooms



Rehab must consist of courtyard, workshop, library and an art space



The facility should have a healing and comforting ambiance



The boundaries of this rehab should be low fenced

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6. ESTIMATED BUDGET 94

6.1. ESTIMATE COST OF EXECUTIONS The cost of the meter square of building an educational building in Al-Ain city is between 2300-2500 DHM. The total cost of the project depends on the total area of meter squares that are going to be built. The total area of the project site is 1,012,000 m2 taking in consideration that the parking area will be on site. Which the site will cover the entire site with the urban design condition.

But main building which is the Rehabilitation center.

The Average Estimated Cost of Construction by Building Area in Al-Ain city is 3518 AED. The area that is going to be built only the Rehabilitation center is: 90,000 m2 If the cost of a land square meter in Al-Ain city approximately near 2500 AED. The total area of the land that the project will be built on is 30,000 m2.

Then the land where the project is going to be built costs 2500 x 30,000 = 75,000,000 AED. The average cost of land in Al Ain city for per meter square = 850 AED. Estimated cost of land is 850 x 90, 000 = 765, 000, 00 AED. Total estimated cost of the project = 765, 000, 00 + 75,000,000 = 151,500,000 AED.

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7. PROGRAMMING 96

7.1. PROJECT VISION The project proposes rehabilitation facility for drug addicts in Al Ain or other parts of UAE and it would be situated in Khatm Al Shikla area in Al Ain. Sadly, there are not many ideal recovery spaces that are available to people today. With the ideal recovery space being a thoughtful space that promotes healing and is locally situated within their own community. Rehab facilities within the cities that are renovated buildings do not meet the required spaces needed for a successful recovery and many rehab facilities that are designed as new construction facilities are isolated from the city and real world. This leaves a patient with limited options for choosing the location of recovery. Location one; go to a facility within the city limits that does not have adequate space for operating a recovery center and location two; leave their community, family and jobs to attend an expensive and luxurious rehab facility and ultimately disconnecting from the reality of their addiction. The architecture of these facilities plays a large role in the recovery of patients because the architecture gives the user a subconscious feeling about space, emotions and mental wellness.

Al Ain Drug Rehabilitation Center is an institute for individuals who need help with their weaknesses i.e. drug and narcotics addiction which they need to overcome and loose in order to maintain and better and healthy life. The rehab will proved the patients with detoxification steps to start with which will continue till the end but alongside many additional activities that will help the patients develop a useful skill in order to pursue it as a career later on in life.

To help a patient in terms of architecture, the design of the rehab is what needs to be on point, which means the lighting, the spaces and the all over ambiance of the building should create a sense of relieve for the patient. For him to know he is safe rather than trapped.

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7.2. SUMMARY AREA PROGRAM The table below comprises of the functions that will contribute into making a suitable rehabilitation center for the patients. Functions will comprise of living facilities, medical facilities, counselling rooms, recreational facilities, library, dining area, exterior spaces and parking.

Main Function

Total Area

Programs

Living Facilities [100]

5350 m2

Medical Facilities [6]

1800 m2

Male rooms Female rooms Restrooms Offices [Psychiatrist and Psychologist]

1400m

Counselling [4]

Recreational Facilities [8/10]

2

3500 m

2

Library

1200 m2

Dining

1500 m2 2

Exterior Spaces

3100 m

Administration

1000 m2

Nurse stations Counselling rooms [Individual and Group] Counsellor offices Workshops [Woodworking, Metalworking, Textile making etc.]

Gym Pool Locker rooms Reading rooms Sound rooms Storage Hall Kitchen Courtyards Zen Garden Walking/Bike Path Managers office Secretary’s office Lobby Waiting Area

Parking

1500 m2

Total

20,350 m2 TABLE 15: SUMMARY AREA PROGRAM

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7.3. DETAILED AREA PROGRAM In the tables below are the program requirements space with calculated square meter required per person and totals.

Program DRUG REHAB

Sq. meter/Person

Sq. meter 20,350 m2 5350 m2

Living Facilities Female rooms [50]

50 sq. m/apartment

2500 m2

Male rooms [50]

50 sq. m/apartment

2500 m2

Restrooms [2]

100 sq. m/restroom

200 m2

Storage

100 m2

Mechanical room

50 m2

1800 m2

MEDICAL FACILITIES 35 sq. m/person

Offices 

Psychiatrist [2]



Psychologist [2]



Counsellors [4]

1000 m2

150 sq. m/office

80 sq. m/office

Nurse station

60 sq. m/ person

600 m2

Staff restroom [2]

10 sq. m/person

50 m2

Storage

100 m2

Mechanical room

50 m2

1400 m2

COUNSELLING ROOMS Conference rooms 

Individual counselling [2]



Group counselling [2]



Family counselling [2]

Employment Services – Computer

15 sq. m/person

1200 m2

200 sq. m/room

30 sq. m/person

150 m2

10 sq. m/person

50 m2

Lab Restrooms [2]

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3500 m2

RECREATIONAL FACILITIES 45 sq. m/person

1500 m2

Gym

50 sq. m/person

800 m2

Pool

50 sq. m/person

1000 m2

Restrooms [2]

10 sq. m/person

100 m2

Workshops [5] 

Woodworking



Metalworking



Textile making



Art studio



Culinary skills

100 m2

Storage

1200 m2

LIBRARY Reading Area

20 sq. m/person

800 m2

Private Rooms

20 sq. m/person

400 m2



Reading Room [2]



Sound Room [2] 100 m2

Storage

1500 m2

DINING 50 sq. m/person

800 m2

Dine Hall

20 sq. m/person

600 m2

Restrooms [2]

10 sq. m/person

100 m2

Kitchen 

Prep Area



Grill Area



Cold Storage



Pantry



Sink/Wash

100

1000 m2

ADMINISTRATION Reception

5 sq. m/person

50 m2

Lobby

5 sq. m/person

200 m2

Lounge

5 sq. m/person

200 m2

Meeting Room [2]

20 sq. m/person

200 m2

Manager office

15 sq. m/person

60 m2

Secretary’s office

15 sq. m/person

40 m2

Prayer room [2]

5 sq. m/person

100 m2

Storage

100 m2

Mechanical room

50 m2

3100 m2

EXTERIOR SPACES Courtyard

-------

600 m2

Zen Garden Path  

1000 m2

-------

1500 m2

-------

1500 m2

Walking Bike

PARKING

20,350 m2

DRUG REHAB [TOTAL] TABLE 16: DETAILED AREA PROGRAM

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7.4. BUBBLE DIAGRAM The bubble diagram illustrates the preliminary design phase of the Al Ain drug rehabilitation facility. It shows what area is public, semi-private and private and how they have been arranged and associated to each other.

FIGURE LXXXIII: BUBBLE DIAGRAM

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7.5. PROXIMITY MATRIX The following tables will explain the adjacency of the program also major area’s specific program matrix that explains what room should be near to which, what rooms requires public access, daylight or privacy.

GENERAL PROGRAM MATRIX

MATRIX 1: ADJACENCY MATRIX

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MAIN AREA MATRIX

MATRIX 2: ENTRANCE MATRIX

MATRIX 3: PATIENT’S ROOM MATRIX

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MAJOR AREA MATRIX

MATRIX 4: GYM & POOL MATRIX

MATRIX 5: LIBRARY MATRIX

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8. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN BACKGROUND 106

8.1. DESIGN CONCEPT SUMMARY “Form follows function” – This is the principle that was kept in mind when coming up with the concept/parti of the rehab design since it suggests that that the shape of a building should be primarily based upon its intended function or purpose.

The conceptual phase of the design proposes that the rehabilitation institute will be not be a single building with the same language, rather a several volumes of buildings would be placed keeping in mind the function of that volume and circulation between the different volumes. Different volumes do not mean that the language of the buildings will different, they will follow the same theme so that nothing looks or feels irregular or out of place.

Different volumes would naturally provide a pathway or outdoor corridors that would be shaped up as courtyards and shading would be provided to individuals using the outdoor area due to the sunny weather of UAE. The objective of the design is to provide a rehabilitation institute to the patients that: 

The user’s with a suitable environment that fits their needs.



Proper natural daylight to the users.



Open spaces.



Serene and peace ambiance.



Spaces that help users learn a useful life skill.



Spaces that is not enclosed but open.

The challenging objective of this design is to create a building that is welcoming however once a user leaves, he never tries to comeback. To consciously design a building that is hospitable but enclosed to the outside world.

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8.2. SITE RESPONSE The total area of the project site is 1,012,000 m2 with taking in consideration that the parking area will be on site and the area that is going to be built only the Rehabilitation center is 90,000 m2.The total area of the land that the project will be built on is 30,000 m2.

The site chosen is located on the North-East side on outskirts of the city, Al Ain - UAE. It is in middle of the road that leads to the border of Alain and the neighboring country Oman and is approximately 12 km away from the border that meets with Oman.

FIGURE LXXXIV: GOOGLE IMAGE [SITE]

The rehabilitation facility will incorporate with the site and sustainable materials will be used in order to avoid any harm that can be caused to the site and the materials used will also reflect the mountains found in the surroundings and the other views will also integrate. Since the site is located in the outskirts of the city, all unnecessary people will be avoided and since the rehab is not for everyone, it will send a clear message that not everybody can enter since the building is not for leisure purposes.

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8.3. DESIGN RATIONALE BUILDING PLACEMENT ON THE SITE The placement of the building is away from the main road since it is a truck road and the rehab needs to be away from noise as much as possible to maintain the tranquility of the space. Also accessibility of the site is easier towards the mid since there is a gap between the retaining wall from where two cars can pass by, it better that the rehab is placed there for better access.

FIGURE LXXXV: PLACEMENT OF REHAB [SITE]

BASIC ZONING WITHIN THE BUILDING Separate volumes of the building would serve for different purposes such as recreational areas or living apartments and the outdoor corridor formed in between the buildings would serve as courtyards with shading devices along the pathways.

FIGURE LXXXVI: DIAGRAMS – VENTIALTION, GREEN AREAS, SHADING [SITE]

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9. SUMMARY 110

A drug rehab is lesser known to be found in UAE cities thus this project has a good social notion that should be put more in front than a commercial building.

This chapter will conclude this thesis and cover the main points of all the chapters. 

Introduction: This chapter comprises of the description of the project and why this particular project was chosen, the aims and objectives this project can achieve. It also gives a brief description on how the thesis would further be carried out.



Precedent Studies: This chapter contained 4 projects that have already been built and are found in different parts of the world and this chapter ends with the comparison charts that compared all the projects in order to see what was learned.



Site Analysis: This chapter includes why the site for the site selected and how it was chosen. The in depth study takes place which includes the topography, natural features, environmental analysis, historical development and visual documentation.



Data Collection and Analysis: This chapter comprises of all the standard spaces of specific areas that will be a part of the design and the data is taken from architecture manuals such as Neufert. Also in this chapter there are all the local and international design codes and regulations and the anthropometric and ergonomic data including barrier free.



User’s Feedback: This chapter contained the results and analysis of the survey conducted in between 25 males and 25 females which would help to get a better design and a better understanding of the project with the help of other’s opinions and insights.



Estimated Budget: This chapter includes the budget designed for the rehabilitation center to better realize how much money would be used for a large scaled project.



Programming: This chapter comprises of the project vision, the summary of the program’s area and a detailed program area to learn what room or space covers how much area in specific. Proximity matrix and bubble diagrams are also drawn in this chapter.



Conceptual Design Background: This chapter contained everything regarding the concept of the chapter, the parti of the design, how it would look, the site response and the design rationale.

To conclude with, every chapter is an in depth study that will lead to the design of this rehabilitation facility. The case studies and generic data will give a good hold to the project and all the chapters would aid to make a well-designed rehab for drug patients.

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Retrieved December 13, 2016, Retrieved from Arch Daily :http://www.archdaily.com: http://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation-centre-groot-klimmendaal-koenvan-velsen/ ArchDaily. (2012, Feb 24). St. Johns Rehab / Montgomery Sisam Architects + Farrow Partnership Architects. Retrieved December 13, 2016, Retrieved from Arch Daily :St. Johns Rehab / Montgomery Sisam Architects + Farrow Partnership Architects: http://www.archdaily.com/211220/st-johns-rehab-montgomery-sisam-architectsfarro%25e2%2580%258bw-partnership-architects/ ArchDaily. (2016, Dec 13). Beit-Halochem Rehabilitation Center / Kimmel-Eshkolot Architects Retrieved April 10, 2011, Retrieved from Arch Daily :Beit-Halochem Rehabilitation Center / Kimmel-Eshkolot Architects: http://www.archdaily.com/126119/beithalochem-rehabilitation-center-kimmel-eshkolot-architects/ Canadian Architect . (2012, October 1). Building Health. Retrieved from Canadian Architect : https://www.canadianarchitect.com/features/building-health-2/ EuHPN. (2013). Groot Klimmendaal. Netherlands : Europe Health Property Network .

Hussey, R. (2008, November 10). What Exactly is a Rehabilitation Center? Retrieved from Articles Factory: http://www.articlesfactory.com/articles/finance/what-exactly-is-arehabilitation-center.html Meinhold, B. (2011, March 29). Gorgeous Glass Clad Groot Klimmendaal Rehabilitation Centre Sits Tucked Amongst the Trees. Retrieved from Inhabitat : http://inhabitat.com/gorgeousglass-clad-groot-klimmendaal-rehabilitation-centre-sits-tucked-amongst-the-trees/ Rehabs. (2012, July 24). Drug Rehab Treatment Information. Retrieved from Rehabs: http://www.rehabs.com/about/rehab-treatment/ Sheva‘, B. (2011). Beit Halochem Rehabilitation Centre. Retrieved from ArchNet : http://archnet.org/sites/6945/media_contents/78475 UN. (2012). World Drug Report. Vienna : UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME. Welch, A. (2014, March 6). Beit Halochem Rehabilitation Centre : Veterans’ Home Israel.

Retrieved from E-Architect : http://www.e-architect.co.uk/israel/beit-halochemrehabilitation-center

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure I: Exterior View – West ELEVATION [RCGK]------------------------------------------------------ 17 Figure II: Exterior Back View [RCGK] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 Figure III: Seating Area [RCGK] | Figure IV: Corridor [RCGK] ------------------------------------------ 19 Figure V: Corridor [RCGK] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 Figure VI: Basment Plan [RCGK] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Figure VII: Ground Floor PLAN [RCGK] --------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Figure VIII: First Floor PLAN [RCGK] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Figure IX: Cross SectioN [RCGK] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Figure X: Longitudinal Section [RCGK] --------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Figure XI: Diagrams [RCGK] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Figure XII: Front Elevation [st. jr] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24 Figure XIII: Entrance View [st. jr] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25 Figure XIV: Entrance - Interior [st. jr] | Figure XV: Corridor View [st. jr] ---------------------------- 26 Figure XVI: Swimming Pool [st. jr] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26 Figure XVII: SITE Plan [st. jr] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 27 Figure XVIII: GROUND Floor Plan [st. jr] ------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Figure XIX: Elevation [st. jr] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Figure XX: Exterior View [B-H RC] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 Figure XXI: Exterior View [B-H RC] ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31 Figure XXII: Swimming Pool [B-H RC] | Figure XXIII: Entrance VIEW - INTERIOR [B-H RC] ----- 32 Figure XXIV: Entrance Stairs [B-H RC] | Figure XXV: Entrance VIEW – Exterior [B-H RC] -------- 32 Figure XXVI: Ground Floor Plan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 33 Figure XXVII: First Floor Plan -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 Figure XXVIII: Section – A [B-H RC] ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Figure XXIX: Section – B [B-H RC] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Figure XXX: Section – C [B-H RC] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Figure XXXI: Entrance View [PH] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36 Figure XXXII: Exterior View [PH] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 37 Figure XXXIII: Terrace [PH] | Figure XXXIV: Entrance View [PH]-------------------------------------- 38 Figure XXXV: Corridor [PH] | Figure XXXVI: sEATING aREA ------------------------------------------- 38 Figure XXXVII: Ground Floor Plan [PH]--------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 Figure XXXVIII: Section [PH] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 39 Figure XXXIX: UAE Map| Figure XL: Al Ain Map ----------------------------------------------------------- 43 Figure XLI: Google Earth – Site Top View ------------------------------------------------------------------ 44 Figure XLII: Topograpy lines [site] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Figure XLIII: Landscape [Site] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Figure XLIV: vEGETATION [Site]----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Figure XLV: Microclimate [Site] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 Figure XLVI: Sun Path [Site] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Figure XLVII: Sun Rays [Site] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47 Figure XLVIII: Shadows [Site] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 48 Figure XLIX: Wind Speed Chart [AlAin]--------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 Figure L: Al Ain Intl ARP --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 49 Figure LI: Foreground Plan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 Figure LII: 2002 - Site Plan ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 Figure LIII: 2009 - Site Plan ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 Figure LIV: Site Acces ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52 Figure LV: Main Roads ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 52 Figure LVI: Sub Roads ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53

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Figure LVII: Isovist Diagram ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53 Figure LVIII: Visual Survey [Site] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54 Figure LIX: Panoramic Views [Site] ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 Figure LX: Panoramic Views [Site] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 Table 5: 50 Bed Accommodation | Figure LXI: Flow Chart Of Organization ------------------------- 62 Figure LXII: Hostel Plan --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 62 Figure LXIII: Accommodations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63 Figure LXIV: Typical Hostel layout -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 63 Figure LXV: Bed room layouts -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64 Figure LXVI: Dining hall layouts ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 65 Figure LXVII: Kitchen standards ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 Figure LXVIII: Kitchen layouts ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 Figure LXIX: Hostel kitchen layouts ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67 Figure LXX: Hostel kitchen standards----------------------------------------------------------------------- 68 Figure LXXI: Library standards ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 69 Figure LXXII: Library table and cabinet standards ------------------------------------------------------- 71 Figure LXXIII: wood working workshop organization --------------------------------------------------- 72 Figure LXXIV: Wood Workshop Standards ---------------------------------------------------------------- 73 Figure LXXV: Metalworking Workshop Standards ------------------------------------------------------- 74 Figure LXXVI: Bath room Standards ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 75 Figure LXXVII: Laundry standards -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 76 Figure LXXVIII: Laundry area requirements--------------------------------------------------------------- 77 Figure LXXIX: Male humankind measurement ------------------------------------------------------------ 84 Figure LXXX: Female humankind measurement ---------------------------------------------------------- 84 Figure LXXXI: Corridors widths. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 Figure LXXXII: Different measurement of corridors ----------------------------------------------------- 85 Figure LXXXIII: Bubble Diagram --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 102 Figure LXXXIV: Google Image [Site] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 108 Figure LXXXV: Placement of Rehab [Site] ---------------------------------------------------------------- 109 Figure LXXXVI: Diagrams – Ventialtion, Green Areas, Shading [Site] ------------------------------- 109

LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Phases of Predesign Planning ................................................................................................................. 13 Table 2: Comparison Chart of Precedent Studies ............................................................................................. 41 Table 3: Specifications of the SUN [site] .............................................................................................................. 48 Table 4: Bar Chart – Municiplaity Standards ..................................................................................................... 50 Table 5: 50 bed accommodation | Figure LXI: flow chart of organization ............................................. 62 Table 6: Space Area Requirements......................................................................................................................... 70 Table 7: Fire codes 1 .................................................................................................................................................... 78 Table 8: Fire codes 2 .................................................................................................................................................... 79 Table 9: Fire codes 3 .................................................................................................................................................... 80 Table 10: Fire codes 4 .................................................................................................................................................. 81 Table 11: summary of credit points for the pearl community rating system 1 ................................... 81 Table 12: summary of credit points for the pearl community rating system 2 ................................... 82 Table 13: summary of credit points for the pearl community rating system 3 ................................... 82 Table 14: summary of credit points for the pearl community rating system 4 ................................... 83 Table 15: Summary Area Program ......................................................................................................................... 98 Table 16: Detailed Area Program.......................................................................................................................... 101

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LIST OF CHARTS Chart 1: Pie Chart 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... 87 Chart 2: Pie Chart 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... 88 Chart 3: Pie Chart 3 ....................................................................................................................................................... 88 Chart 4: Pie Chart 4 ....................................................................................................................................................... 89 Chart 5: Pie Chart 5 ....................................................................................................................................................... 89 Chart 6: Pie Chart 6 ....................................................................................................................................................... 90 Chart 7: Pie Chart 7 ....................................................................................................................................................... 90 Chart 8: Pie Chart 8 ....................................................................................................................................................... 91 Chart 9: Pie Chart 9 ....................................................................................................................................................... 91 Chart 10: Bar Graph ...................................................................................................................................................... 92

LIST OF MATRIXES Matrix 1: Adjacency Matrix...................................................................................................................................... 103 Matrix 2: Entrance Matrix ........................................................................................................................................ 104 Matrix 3: Patient’s Room Matrix............................................................................................................................ 104 Matrix 4: Gym & Pool Matrix................................................................................................................................... 105 Matrix 5: Library Matrix ........................................................................................................................................... 105

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APPENDIX – SURVEY Gender:  

Male Female

In your opinion, the site for a rehab should be in an isolated area or a populated area:  Isolated  Populated Do you think the premises of the rehabilitation facility be:  High fenced  Low fenced  No fence Do you think a rehabilitation facility can improve the behavior of the patient?  Strongly agree  Agree  Neutral  Disagree  Strongly disagree Do you think the material and the color palette used in the rehabilitation facility should be healing and comforting?  Strongly agree  Agree  Neutral  Disagree  Strongly disagree In your opinion, the patients in a rehab should have extracurricular activities or not?     

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

In your opinion the patient host in the Rehab should be able to volunteer for civil services [eg: working under municipality to pick up trash or clean up buildings:  Strongly agree  Agree  Neutral  Disagree

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

Strongly disagree

Do you think the rehab facility needs to be monitored by surveillance cameras even inside their rooms?     

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

In your opinion, the patients should be able to meet their families on a regular basis:     

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

In your opinion the patient host in the Rehab should be able to volunteer for civil services [e.g.: working under municipality to pick up trash or clean up buildings:  Strongly agree  Agree  Neutral  Disagree  Strongly disagree

Choose the areas you think should be in a rehabilitation facility:      

Workshops Courtyards Dark room with no lights Small rooms only with a bed Library Arts space THANKYOU

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