The Power of Design – Product Innovation in Sustainable Energy Technologies prof.dr. Angele Reinders, dr. J.C. Diehl and prof.dr. Han Brezet Design for Sustainability, Fac. Industrial Design Engineering, TU Delft (NL) 12 oktober 2011 a.h.m.e.reinders@tudelft.nl
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The Power of Design: Product Innovation in Sustainable Energy Technologies • Energy issues in a global perspective • How industrial designers can help to solve them • Outline of new book ‘The Power of Design: Product innovation in SET’ • Cases of production innovation in SET
Increasing energy consumption Renewables Biomass Nuclear
Coal
Natural gas
Oil
Global energy consumption (1990-2035) and share energy sources in primary energy mix (2008) Sources: (1) International Energy Outlook 2011, EIA (2) IPCC, 2011
Depletion of fossil fuels
before 1900
2000
2100 and beyond
Sustainable Energy & Energy Efficiency for Product Integration • Solar energy • Wind energy • • • • •
Hydrogen conversions Thermal conversions Energy-saving lighting Human power Piezoelectric conversions
Solar energy 3000 x GEN
Biomass 20 x GEN
Wind energy 200 x GEN
Geothermal 5 x GEN Hydro, 2 x GEN Wave-tidal, 1 x GEN
• Influencing energy behavior Source: Greenpeace 2005, 2007, 2011
Growth of sustainable energy
Source: Renewables 2011, Global status report, REN21
New energy solutions • • • • • •
Low or zero CO2 emissions Energy-efficient Decentralized, locally available Matching with user behavior and user needs Providing comfort Providing new experiences
New technologies Change of life style
Development productservice combinations
Sustainable energy Saving energy
wind sun H2 thermal conversions
Energy technologies
Product design
light battery
Hydropower
Smart and sustainable energy technologies
Smart: increasing level of integration product-service combinations for energy solutions in the surroundings
product with integrated energy solution
energy technology
energy system
functionality / complexity
IDE
Outdoor solar powered lighting
Indoor solar powered lighting, DeMakersVan.
The Power of Design: Product Innovation in Sustainable Energy Technologies Contents: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Energy issues & IDE Innovation methods Energy technologies Users and behavior
5. Cases of design with SET in products and application of methods
Release of book mid of 2012 accompanied with website Publisher Wiley & Sons Target audience: - 3rd/4th year students of IDE & engineering - researchers
With contributions of more 35 experts in the field of IDE and energy
Design for Sustainability (DfS)
Design for sustainability: ‌that industries take environmental and social concerns as a key element in their long term product innovation strategy. This implies that companies incorporate environmental and social factors into product development throughout the lifecycle of the product, throughout the supply chain and with respect their socio-economic surrounding‌
Innovative Design Methods In The Power of Design several innovative design methods are discussed to better support design for sustainability with sustainable energy technologies: 1.Platform Driven Product Development 2.Delft Innovation Model 3.TRIZ, Theory of Inventive Problem Solving 4.Technology Roadmapping 5.Design & Styling of Future Things 6.Constructive Technology Assessment (CTA) 7.Innovation Journey 8.Risk-Diagnosing Methodology 9.Multilevel Design Model
Methods in the design process
Various Product Concepts with IDMs
Innovation methods in TPoD : example 1 Delft innovation model (Buijs) applied to a student project about mobility with fuel cells
Innovation methods in TPoD: example 2 Constructive technology assessment (Kuhlmann) applied to a student project about mobility with fuel cells
Example 2 Rickshaw alternatives
Innovation methods in TPoD: example 3 How an innovation journey yields a final product: solar pet
Energy technologies in TPoD • • • • • • • •
Batteries Photovoltaic solar energy Fuel cells Small wind turbines Human power Energy saving lighting Thermal energy technologies in buildings Piezoelectric energy conversions
Topics regarding users in TPoD • • • •
User behaviour Energy saving measures Interaction design Smart grid interventions
Developing a new mindset
Cases in TPoD • • • • • • •
Refrigeration for the Base of the Pyramid Solar lantern development Restyling of PV modules Selection of power sources for portable applications Life cycle analysis of small scale PV lighting products Solar-powered PC mouse Sustainable mobility and product design
• +Website with student projects • +Your own cases ….to be uploaded on the website
Cases in TPoD: example 1 • Restyling of PV-modules
Cases in TPoD: example 2 • Design of a solar powered PC mouse
Cases in TPoD: example 3 • Website with design projects by students with focus on application innovation methods in design processes: f.i. vertical axis wind turbine
Cases in TPoD: example 3
New cases: Grass for traffic control Power generated by lawns along highways could be sufficient for sensor networks that control traffic
Sustainable highway project with Studio Roosegaarde
New cases: Solar e-mobility charger
Figure 4.8
Figure 4.9
Electric charging of battery Figure 4.12 powered vehicles on parking lots along highways
Figure 4.11
Sustainable highway project with Studio Roosegaarde
Figure 4.10
Figure 4.13
Most important aspect by introducing this product is the safety of use. When Rijkswaterstaat decides that the stands on his wheels. On each barrier the two center wheels are eq enables the wheels to rotate. The barrier stops with moving when t barrier has to move from one line to another, the LED lighting in the barriers can turn red. An additional assemblies detect the right with line. The wheels will withdraw insid warning system must ensure that the drivers on the highway slow down their speed and that they move to thestanding firm on its concrete base. ight lane. It might be helpful if the barrier doesn’t move in a straight line, but by groups of 10-12 elements under an angel of 5-10 degrees. When it happens like that, the drivers are directed to the correct lane. In shortIt’s important that the barrier is able to make a small angle for bend t means that the elements that are most far ahead start with moving and the last of the 10-12 elements will fixed barrier. This is achieved by enough tolerance between barrier ollow after a while.
New cases: movable highway barrier
Movable barriers on the highway could reduce congestion. Autonomous functioning guaranteed by sustainable energy
To guarantee that the traffic will suffer as minimal as possible from this moment of change, the least crowded moment of the day will be picked. Most of the time the change will be carried out during the late morning or he start of the afternoon.
When a defect on the system occurs, the sensor inside the wheel assembly will not detect a white line. That project with Studio means that there isSustainable a chance that thehighway barrier stands in the middle of the road. OfRoosegaarde course this is very dangerous and for that reason it is important that an alert system will be mention the defect and send a message to some
To end with: self assembled LED lamps and other objects Small elements containing each a LED can be connected in various designs of illuminating objects such as lamps
Thanks for your attention! • Questions or suggestions? Please don’t hesitate to contact us at a.h.m.e.reinders@tudelft.nl or ask me while I’m here. • Interested in purchase of The Power of Design? It’s available by Wiley, Amazone, bol.com and many other book providers. Order now!