Millimeter-Wave Wave Beam Training Acceleration Through Low Low-Complexity Complexity Hybrid Transceivers
Abstract: Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) wave) communication systems can provide much higher data rates than systems operating at lower frequencies, but achieving such rates over sufficiently large distances requires highly directional beamforming at both the transmitter and receiver. eceiver. These antenna beams have to be aligned very precisely in order to obtain sufficient link margin. In this paper, we first propose a parallel-adaptive adaptive beam training protocol, which significantly accelerates the link establishment between mm-wave mm devices ices by exploiting the ability of hybrid analog-digital digital beamforming antennas to scan multiple spatial sectors simultaneously. Second, we deal with practical constraints of the mm mm-wave transceivers and design a novel greedy geometric algorithm to synthesize sector beam patterns featuring configurable beamwidth and multimulti-beam radiation as required by the proposed beam training protocol. These multimulti-beam patterns are then also used for concurrent data communication over multiple paths, in case several suitable directions are found during the beam training. Simulation results show that our algorithm is able to shape antenna patterns very close to those attained by a fully digital beamforming architecture, yet requires lower complexity hardware compared with the state-of-the-art art solutions. Exploiting such multi-beam beam antenna patterns, our parallel beam training protocol can provide up to 82% effective rate increase and 70% search time decrease