Multifrequency Particle Swarm Optimization for Enhanced Multiresolution GPR Microwave Imaging
Abstract: An innovative inverse scattering (IS) technique for the simultaneous processing of multifrequency (MF) ground ground-penetrating penetrating radar (GPR) measurements is proposed. The nonlinear IS problem is solved by profitably integrating a customized MF version of the particle swarm optimizer (PSO) within the iterative multiscaling approach (IMSA) to jointly exploit tthe he reduction of the ratio between unknowns and uncorrelated data with a pervasive exploration of the multidimensional search space for minimizing the probability that the solution is trapped into local minima corresponding to false solutions of the problem at hand. Both numerical and experimental test cases are reported to assess the reliability of the MF-IMSAMF PSO method toward accurate GPR tomography as well as improvements with respect to the competitive state state-of-the-art inversion approaches.