IHDP-AR-2010

Annual Report

International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change

Contents

2 | 2010 in Review

36 | Project Portfolio

4 | Introduction 8 | Editorials from the Newest Scientific Committee Members

38 | IHDP Research Worldwide

12 | IHDP

42 | Earth System Governance Project 46 | Global Environmental Change & Human Security Project 50 | Global Land Project 54 | Industrial Transformation Project 58 | Integrated History and Future of People on Earth 62 | Integrated Risk Governance Project 64 | Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone Project 68 | Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Project

14 | Who We Are 18 | IHDP Secretariat 20 | Secretariat Activities 22 | Communications & Outreach

24 | Key Outcomes 26 | Cutting-Edge Science 28 | Capacity Development 30 | Science-Policy Interaction 32 | Key Findings and Recommendations from IHDP Projects

40 | Core Projects

72 | Joint Projects

92 | Global Network

74 | Global Carbon Project 78 | Global Environmental Change and Food Systems Project 82 | Global Environmental Change and Human Health Project 86 | Global Water System Project

93 | National Committees

90 | Project Initiative 91 | Knowledge, Learning and Societal Change Initiative

94 | Sponsored Research Networks & Strategic Partners 96 | Mountain Research Initiative 100 | Population-Environment Research Network 103 | The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training, START

106 | Numbers 108 | Budget and Finances

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Photo: Benefit of Hinsight (flickr.com)

2010 in Review

2 IHDP Annual Report 2010

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Introduction

Prof. Anantha Duraiappah IHDP Executive Director

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As the need for social sciences research to address the problems of global environmental change continues to grow, my first year as Executive Director of the International Human Dimension Programme brought with it many exciting changes, challenges and opportunities.

Social sciences are critical in shaping the public discourse on the changing socio-environmental condition. Thus, mobilising those communities to convey the complexity of global environmental change and sustainability problems is equally crucial. IHDP worked in 2010 toward pursuing this challenge by providing the social transformation concept within the green economy debate, delivering key inputs to the International Environmental Governance (IEG) debate, developing a new metric for evaluating progress and sustainability through the Inclusive Wealth Report (IWR) and developing a results-based program of work for implementing the science strategy plan.

IHDP’s science projects, the programme’s foundational base, were again very active in 2010. The first ever joint science conference was organized by the Urbanization and Global

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Environmental Change Project (UGEC) and the Global Land Project (GLP), bringing the two research networks together for the first time and allowing them to interact and exchange scientific findings and explore potential cross-project interactions, while gaining a better understanding of the key inter-linkages across their project areas. The same experiment was initiated at the national level by IHDP’s national committee at the Academia Sinica, where four projects – UGEC, GLP, GECHS (Global Environmental Change and Human Security) and IT (Industrial Transformations) – presented their findings. These conferences provided a unique opportunity for researchers to explore the spatial scale dynamics of key themes, such as human security and the green economy, as well as the policy implications of scale effects.

The IT project held its synthesis workshop in Kuala Lumpur, and was able to link the theme of industrial transformation with the ongoing debate over the green economy.

The workshop attracted many young scientists and gave them the opportunity to present their

scientific findings in an international environment. Second, the theme of a science-driven project was linked with an ongoing policy debate on the green economy. This clearly demonstrates the high policy relevance of IHDP projects.

In the past year, IHDP was instrumental in bringing the concept of behavioural change to a number of scientific and policy arenas.

The IHDP presentation on “unpacking the social sciences” was well received by the French National Research Agency and influenced the latest call for proposals. Similarly, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is beginning to focus more heavily on human behaviour, and IHDP intends to provide the scientific support in this area.

2010 was also a year of reflection, particularly with regard to the on-going International Council for Science (ICSU) visioning and Belmont process. I believe IHDP has demonstrated through numerous pathways that there will be a need for full collaboration and participation by the social sciences and humanities communities if both processes are

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IHDP’s key deliverables in 2010: • Providing the social transformation concept within the green economy debate; • Providing key inputs to the International Environmental Governance (IEG) debate; • A results-based programme of work for implementing the science strategy plan; and • Positioning the social sciences as key to the IPBES process.

IHDP in 2011 will continue to: • Maintain its role within the social science community as the go-to organisation for support for new, innovative research ideas, and to help them be heard among decisionmakers; • Be seen by the traditional scientific communities as the leading organisation offering a common voice for the social science platform, as well as a gateway to social science networks and expertise; and • Be recognized by the policy-making community as the authoritative voice and lead organisational force for the social science academic community in areas relating to environmental change, as well as a gateway to rich and diverse social science networks.

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to succeed. To that end IHDP, with generous financial support from the Packard Foundation, began designing a global survey of the social sciences and humanities community to gain a better understanding of the opportunities and challenges we face in mobilising the broader social sciences community to become full partners in these grand challenges. The results will be made available to ICSU and other interested partners. I am also happy to say that IHDP has partnered with the International Social Science Council and UNESCO in this initiative. IHDP will continue to provide leadership in this visioning process in 2011 under the leadership of its new Chair, Sir Partha Dasgupta (Prof. Em.).

On the science policy front, IHDP played a key role in the ongoing development of IPBES (the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) and will continue to champion the need for the full integration of the social sciences into these traditionally natural science-dominated forums. I am confident that IHDP in 2011 will continue to maintain this role. It will remain our goal to provide support for new, innovative research ideas, and to

IHDP Annual Report 2010

help them be heard among decision-makers.

2010 has been a year of change at the Secretariat. The integration of our financial, administrative and information communication systems within the United Nations University system has resulted in more streamlined and efficient workflows, allowing us more time to focus on the core of our business – science – and communicate it to our stakeholders. It was also a year in which we invested a considerable amount of time and resources in drawing up a results-based implementation plan for the IHDP Science Strategy. I am pleased to report that the fruit of that task was the renewal of our three-year grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, including a modest increase of funding for a further three years till December 2013.

Finally, I would like to offer my thanks and appreciation to the donors and supporters of IHDP. I look forward to your continued – and hopefully increased – support in the coming years, especially in light of the growing demand for the social sciences to take a more active role in addressing the challenges of global envi-

ronmental change. I look forward most of all to working with many of you over the coming years toward achieving our common objective – making the world a better place to live in, both for ourselves and for future generations.

Anantha Kumar Duraiappah IHDP Executive Director

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Editorials from the Newest Scientific Committee Members This is the Time There has never been a more important time for human dimensions research than now. I have the honor of joining the Scientific Committee at a time when IHDP is about to merge into a much larger, and not just social scientific consortium of global environmental change research institutions. THIS is the time to reinvigorate and double our efforts. THIS is the time to revive and strengthen our role in meeting every one of the grand challenges identified by the Belmont Forum and the ICSU visioning process. THIS is

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the time to give every global change effort a central human dimension.

To be relevant we have to show up and demonstrate our value to other scientific disciplines and the world of practice. To be credible we must produce impeccable science. And to be legitimate we must work with anyone who cares for true transformation toward sustainability, global justice and civility in an era of growing stresses and challenging disruptions.

That means, we must step up, think outside the box, and do so now!

Susanne Moser Susanne Moser is Director of Susanne Moser Research & Consulting and a Social Science Research Fellow at Stanford’s Woods Institute for the Environment. Her work focuses on vulnerability, adaptation and resilience in the face of climate change in the coastal, health and forest sectors; on the science-practice interface and decision support; and on effective climate change communication in support of social change.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

New Tools

What We Know

Environmental problems are increasingly global and largely affect economic and social development in all regions of the world. Often neglected or often postponed, the sustainable use of resources and environmental protection are important dimensions of economic growth and social stability. It is therefore crucial for humankind to develop tools to understand and assess the relationships between economic development and the environment. It is also crucial to develop new forms of governance of political and socio-economic systems that yield Prof. Carlo Carraro a better protection of the Carlo Carraro is Presiglobal environment and, as dent of the Università Ca’ a consequence, of our soFoscari Venezia where cieties. IHDP is therefore he is also Professor of committed to supporting Environmental Economics. and further developing the He is Vice-Chair of IPCC’s role of the social sciences Working Group III and in global environmental Chairman of the Scienchange research. tific Advisory Board of the Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei. He is also Director of the Climate Impacts and Policy Division of the EuroMediterranean Center on Climate Change.

Having just completed co-editing The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society, with 47 chapters by some very accomplished authors (to be published by Oxford University Press in July 2011), I am struck by how much we know – at least collectively – about the human dimensions of global environmental change.

What we know much less well is how to fit all the parts together, when the number of relevant dimensions is so large. This is especially true when it comes to systems of global environmental governance. So when it comes to the future of IHDP, I would like to see a special effort made to integrate across diverse findings, fields, interpretations, evaluations, and prescriptions, in a way that informs efforts to come to grips with what is required Prof. John S. Dryzek for effective and legitimate John Dryzek is Australian systems of governance.

Research Council Federation Fellow of the Centre for Deliberative Democracy and Global Governance at Australian National University, and works on the governance of climate change.

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Trailblazers Through the Rio Earth Summit 1992, most scientists recognized that development processes were not sustainable and that there were great ecological, social, and economic challenges. Keywords are: overloading and exploitation of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, non-renewable resources, and the atmosphere; political, religious, and ethnic conflicts causing human suffering; and inequitable distribution of profits/risks of global economic activity. Funds were invested primarily in scientific systems research on climate and the biosphere. In comparison, investment in social science research on obstacles to mitigation and adaptation has been modest.

However, as system knowledge does not automatically result in needed

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widespread changes in behavior, the call to include the social sciences has now become stronger.

Recommendations in the face of impending climate changes, concerning agricultural techniques and what to grow for instance, are based on natural science knowledge. But to build new trails from knowledge to intention and execution, we need the social sciences to understand the steps and obstacles in individuals and organizations. Strategic knowledge must be supported by the whole of society, and then instrumental transformation knowledge is needed, which is where social sciences are centrally required. Initiating timely contributions on this in research and practice is the crucial challenge for IHDP.

Prof. Heinz Gutscher Heinz Gutscher is Full Professor of Social Psychology at the University of Zurich, focusing on social influence, trust and confidence, risk perception and risk communication, sustainability issues, large-scale social interventions and change management.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Being More Vocal IHDP has been an important intellectual home for many researchers worldwide working on the human aspects of global change and sustainability since its formation. I have been associated with IHDP activities since 1998, and immensely enjoy working with friends and colleagues within this community.

Looking ahead, as the leading international research community on the human dimensions of global change, IHDP is well placed to be a truly integrated and interdisciplinary community, with social and economic sciences as a core but also striv-

ing to integrate the knowledge and wisdom of the natural sciences to engineer the best approach to address human dimensional challenges. It is also important to explore ways of being more vocal in terms of providing timely and clear messages on various global change related issues, including providing inputs into the international scientific and policy arena as a community collectively. IHDP has a remarkable track record in capacity building for young scientists in developing countries, which I believe should continue to be an important focus of the Programme.

Prof. Xuemei Bai Xuemei Bai is Professor in Urban Environment at the Fenner School of Environment and Society of Australian National University, and currently focuses on frontiers of urban-industrial ecology and urban sustainability science.

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Photo: Oriol Salvador (flickr.com)

IHDP

12 IHDP Annual Report 2010

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Who We Are

IHDP was established in 1996 to address critical gaps in international research related to global change. Those gaps fall within three categories: • Contributions of the social, economic and cognitive sciences to global change research • Capacity for international and interdisciplinary collaboration in global change research • Long-term research strategies for policy relevant research topics

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Critical Gap in

Social Science Contributions IHDP is dedicated to generating new knowledge, and furthering current knowledge within the social sciences for use in finding long-term solutions to problems related to global environmental change. In particular, IHDP wants to improve the quality of environmental assessments – for instance, the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – by incorporating data and insight essential to a complete understanding of human societies.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Critical Gap in

Critical Gap in

Collaborative Capacity

Long-Term Research Strategies

While multidisciplinary, multinational scientific teams are common in most natural science disciplines, such collaborative work is not widespread in the social sciences, which have yet to develop an institutional and financial base. Further, national and international methods of interdisciplinary research are not yet sufficiently anchored in the social science system.

Thus, capacity development is a core concern within IHDP’s activities.

As in many fields, research in global change is driven by current events, challenges and needs.

But global changes occur within a dynamic and highly complex Earth System, and a focus on short-term concerns often comes at the expense of long-term solutions. IHDP is dedicated to creating a robust research framework that can craft long-term strategic approaches to global change, as well as deal with acute problem solving. IHDP exercises this dedication through its projects, in which scientific excellence and systematic interaction with the policy community are paramount. Global change research is a vast and complex field, involving a myriad of stakeholders. The IHDP Secretariat identifies areas for potential partnerships worldwide, and offers efficient structures and services for international collaboration.

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IHDP’s VISION

Institutional Sponsors

IHDP’s Mission

To provide international leadership in framing, developing, and integrating social science research on global change and to promote the application of the key findings of this research to help address environmental challenges.

In 1996, the International Social Science Council (ISSC) and the International Council for Science (ICSU) established IHDP under their sponsorship. At the beginning of 2007, the United Nations University joined them as the third institutional sponsor. They oversee and guide the overall development of the programme.

Human actions lie at the heart of current global environmental change. Societies define the boundaries and character of their environments, while affecting and reacting to their environment with only a limited and biased understanding of it. To respond effectively to these current changes requires major inputs from the social sciences – the perspective of human behaviour and actions.

IHDP provides a platform for integrating findings, innovations and insights from across the social sciences into the global effort to mitigate environmental change. We foster original research, establish thematic groundwork and stimulate international, interdisciplinary teams of scientists to conduct long-term collaborative research, which can then be integrated into political decision-making processes. IHDP adds value by strengthening the voice and impact of an extensive network of individual scientists and research initiatives.

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Organigramme

IHDP Scientific Committee

(as of Dec. 2010)

The IHDP Scientific Committee is comprised of leading scientists from the social sciences, humanities, and natural sciences. It guides IHDP’s work agenda, approving scientific projects, electing their steering committees, and making decisions that impact the programme as a whole.

Chair: Oran R. Young served as chair until 24 September 2010; Roberto Guimaraes took over as chair ad-interim until the end of the year.

Appointed Members: Katrina Brown Ilan Chabay Geoffrey D. Dabelko Roberto P. Guimaraes Patricia Kameri-Mbote Gernot Klepper Elena Nikitina Balgis Osman-Elasha GermĂĄn Palacio

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IHDP Secretariat

“Gaining a better understanding of why humans do what they do is key to addressing global environmental and social changes and finding ways for global sustainability.�

Prof. Anantha Duraiappah, Executive Director

About the IHDP Secretariat The IHDP Secretariat advises, coordinates and supports the research projects and National Committees. It collaborates closely with its partner global change programmes (DIVERSITAS, IGBP and WCRP) and liaises with the broader research network. Since 2007, the IHDP Secretariat has been hosted by the United Nations University Vice Rectorate in Europe (UNU-ViE) in Bonn, Germany. The close ties to UNU provide a unique opportunity for IHDP to advocate for the social science perspective on global change within the UN system.

IHDP Secretariat Photo: Copyright IHDP Secretariat

International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (UNU-IHDP) United Nations University Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10 53113 Bonn, Germany Tel.: +49 (0)228 815 0600 Fax: +49 (0)228 815 0620 secretariat@ihdp.unu.edu www.ihdp.unu.edu

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

2010 2010 marked a year of transitions at the Secretariat. Under the lead of its the new Executive Director, Prof. Anantha Kumar Duraiappah, it augmented its own research portfolio and laid the foundation for the initiation of new and strengthenining of existing strategic partnerships. In addition, new staff for the science, communications and administrative departments were recruited.

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Secretariat Activities

The IWR is a joint initiative with UNEP, initiated in 2010. The project aims at developing the first report on wealth and changes in the wealth of nations, with a particular focus on natural capital.

Assessing a country’s progress (or regress) by analyzing the changes in different assets – wealth – is a prominent approach to judge the sustainability of nations. The wealth indicator relies on the measurement of various capital stocks: Natural Capital, Produced Capital, Human Capital, and Social Capital. The main objectives of the report are: (a) to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the different components of wealth by country and their link to economic development, particularly highlighting the role played by natural capital. (b) to formulate policies based on the notion of asset portfolio management. The ways in which nations manage their diverse assets and create productive economic bases for the future have critical implications for long-term sustainable development. The first IWR is tentatively scheduled to be launched at the Rio+20 conference in 2012.

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Social Sciences & Humanities Survey on Global Environmental Change The first steps were taken in 2010 to develop a survey among social science and humanities scholars. The core aim is to document how they view research priorities related to global environmental change. The results, presumably available in mid-2011, will be used to illustrate incentives and disincentives for engaging in this field and to frame the global sustainability research program from a social sciences perspective. The survey is led by IHDP in close collaboration with the International Social Science Council (ISSC) and UNESCO. It is being undertaken in response to calls by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the International Council for Science (ICSU), the International Group of Funding Agencies (IGFA) and others for better integration of the social sciences into global environmental change research.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Photo: XXXX

Inclusive Wealth Report (IWR)

IHDP’s Programme of Work 2011-2013 In the past years, a paradigm shift in social science research in global environmental change has resulted in science and policy progressively moving toward responses and solutions that are applicable at different levels and for diverse societal groups. In particular, the ICSU Visioning Process and the IGFA Belmont Process developed shortlists of the major challenges facing global environmental change research, focusing heavily on the social dimensions of the problem. Therefore, expectations toward social science contributions are rising. That is why IHDP has developed a specific and measurable Programme of Work for 2011-2013, along the lines of its overall Strategic Programme for 2007-2015. It focuses on activities that can be an integral part of any future initiative to meet the ICSU and Belmont Challenges.

Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Through its Executive Director, the IHDP Secretariat, in close collaboration with DIVERSITAS, was involved in the process of establishing an Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in 2010. IPBES is a global mechanism designed to provide assessment and policy guidance to help reverse the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services. In 2010, the Secretariat helped shape the development of the platform through its representation in the IPBES planning group.

Further down the road, the IHDP Secretariat will play a key role in ensuring nomination and participation of social scientists, and in particular scientists from the IHDP network in the IPBES.

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Communications & Outreach

Promoting and supporting social science research and ensuring that its results find entry into international scientific and policy communities requires a coherent communication and outreach strategy. Building on past experiences in reaching out to a diverse audience, IHDP’s communication endeavours in 2010 were directed towards enhancing IHDP’s visibility as the leading provider of social science research on global environmental change (GEC), and ensuring that its science and research results were used in policymaking and the scientific community.

While working toward intensifying its activities in the area of public awareness and outreach, events played an integral role for IHDP in 2010, providing great opportunities to discuss relevant topics among the public, policymakers and the media: IHDP co-organized an ESSP Joint Session at the 2010 Deutsche Welle Global Media Forum (GMF) “Climate Change and the Media“. A conference with international reach, the GMF draws media representatives from around the world and participants from the

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fields of politics, culture, business, development cooperation and science. The joint event on “Media-ting Change – The Effective Use of Media to Create Societal Awareness of Global Environmental Change” allowed for dialogue between top scientists and media experts on the expectations and needs of the scientific community with regard to the media, and on how environmental communication can improve interactions among science, society and governments.

Furthermore IHDP, in collaboration with the United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNUEHS) and the German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV), continued the Bonn Dialogues – a series of biannual events focusing on substantive issues related to the anthropogenic drivers and consequences of GEC and human security, addressing (in a cross-cutting manner) sector specific themes such as climate, water, energy, and food. The 7th event entitled “Cities under Climate Threat” featured experts discussing the major emerging risks that urban centres will face in the future, and the oppor-

IHDP Annual Report 2010

tunities rapidly growing cities have to plan and adapt to climate change. The subsequent event focused on “Environment and Health: The Role of Climate Change”, addressing the major climate change related health effects in both developing and developed regions of the world as well as the consequences of extreme weather events on the environment and health.

On October 25th, IHDP organised an information stand on Bonn’s central square as part of the celebrations for the 15th UN Day. Publications in both German and English were distributed and IHDP communications staff answered questions from visitors.

Another focus in 2010 lay on producing clear, concise and engaging information and reports. IHDP had a broad variety of tools and formats at its disposal for reaching out to different audiences, such as print and electronic products and tools.

The website was upgraded, re-designed and eventually relaunched, offering richer multimedia content, such as videos featuring expert interviews, a blog and a current headlines section providing the latest worldwide

news on IHDP-relevant issues. In addition, the communications unit maintained the YouTube and Facebook accounts, further fostering the programme’s visibility and inviting a wider public to visit, get in touch and engage in dialogue with the programme.

Other selected outputs for 2010 included IHDP’s quarterly e-mail newsletter, “E-Zine”, that provided IHDP’s community with the most updated news, events, calls and vacancies from IHDP and its network. It has proven to be a valuable basis for a newly developed version of the newsletter, called “The Networker”, replacing “E-Zine” as of 2011.

Fulfilling its role as a service unit to its research projects, the Secretariat’s communications team supported its projects and endorsed research networks with the design of logos and the dissemination of materials and products.

2010 further saw the re-conceptualization of the “Update” magazine including a reader survey, and collaboration with the Global Environmental Change and Human Health (GECHH) project on compiling the Update issue on Human Health for publication in early 2011.

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Photo: Jaso Hill (flickr.com)

Key Outcomes

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

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Cutting-Edge Science

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Core Projects

Joint Projects

Project Initiative

Initiating and managing cutting-edge human dimensions research on global environmental change (GEC) is one of the principal roles of IHDP. Its Secretariat supports relatively autonomous core research projects, as well as collaborative research projects conducted under the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP), dealing with the most pressing topics concerning the future of humankind. Assessing what societies need for their well-being, and what they understand as their needs based on their beliefs and values, the projects address the substantive challenges to fulfilling these needs.

To reinforce its core and collaborative research projects, IHDP has recently initiated a complementary research component: rapid assessments on emerging issues that contribute to a cohesive and adaptive research portfolio.

A special highlight in 2010 took place in October, when IHDP’s core projects Urbanization and Global Environmental Change (UGEC) and the Global Land Project (GLP) held back-to-back Open Science Meetings, including a joint conference on “Sustainable Land Systems in the Era of Urbanization and Climate

Change”, at Arizona State University. The gathering attracted scholars and decision-makers from around the globe to discuss the relationships between urbanization, land, and climate change and featured workshops, plenary, open paper and poster sessions in order to build new networks and foster collaboration worldwide.

A growing frequency of “extreme events” and their impact on society have been recognized by the scientific and policy community as a key area for research. In response to this demand for cutting-edge, policy relevant research in risk governance, IHDP’s Scientific Committee approved the Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project) at its meeting in Bonn in September 2010. The IRG-Project is the first IHDP project with its International Project Office located in China.

Two of IHDP’s core projects finalized their synthesis processes in 2010. The Global Environmental Change and Food Systems (GECAFS) project’s synthesis book “Food Security and Global Environmental Change”, published

by Earthscan, was edited by John Ingram, Polly Ericksen and Diana Liverman. The book

IHDP Annual Report 2010

provides a major accessible synthesis of the current state of knowledge and thinking on the relationships between GEC and food security and reviews methods and approaches for addressing this complex research agenda. The goal of GECAFS was to determine strategies to cope with the impacts of global environmental change on food systems and to assess the environmental and socio-economic consequences of adaptive responses aimed at improving food security.

The Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) synthesis book “The Changing Environment for Human Security: New Agendas for Research, Policy, and Action” is in preparation and will be published in 2012. The GECHS synthesis process has revealed that climate change requires both a technical response and “sustainable adaptation”, which includes a greater understanding of the role of individual and collective beliefs, values, worldviews, priorities and loyalties. A significant milestone for GECHS in the latter part of 2010 was the integration of their concepts on human security into the assessment

reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). GECHS has been at the forefront in broadening the basis of human dimensions research by inviting other disciplines to contribute to ongoing research activities.

During the course of 2010, the Industrial Transformations project (IT) prepared for its synthesis event in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in early 2011, entitled “Innovation and Sustainability Transitions in Asia”. IT has contributed to the increasing agenda on the ‘Green Economy’ by focusing on sustainability pathways, with a special focus on Developing Asia. It has added integral value to IHDP’s understanding of transition processes and systems innovations in socio-technological regimes – a research focus that is unique in the whole GEC research community – and has over its lifespan built an international community of researchers.

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books published

209

peer reviewed articles

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Capacity Development

Capacity development is an important element of IHDP’s work, aiming to broaden and strengthen the community of young social scientists working on the human dimensions of global environmental change (GEC). The IHDP network stretches over 115 countries and facilitates collaboration among over 550 active project researchers to establish linkages among scientists and policymakers and strengthen research capacities in developing countries. IHDP furthers a comprehensive capacity development strategy, especially targeting future leaders in science, policy and the media, to establish a broad science-policypublic learning process that can increase the shared understanding of complex issue areas of GEC. As a global programme, IHDP takes into consideration the composition of its research groups to ensure a balance in gender, regional and disciplinary backgrounds.

By offering capacity development initiatives to early and mid-career scholars, IHDP aims at providing them with the knowledge and skills needed to address the social challenges of GEC within their regions. Focusing

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on individual capacity development, IHDP established the International Human Dimensions Workshops (IHDW) in 1998 to incorporate new and aspiring researchers into its networks.

Since then, participants of these workshops have become key actors of GEC research, contributed as lead authors to major assessments such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), or became members of the various committees of the GEC research community. Prospectively, IHDP will aim at formulating a new IHDW concept within the framework of the CoDATE initiative led by the International Social Science Council (ISSC).

This will include targeted training modules, a mentoring programme for aspiring leaders, and high-level segments for decision-makers.

During the course of 2010, IHDP’s projects and National Committees conducted various international and national scientific conferences, workshops, seminars, research projects and summer schools and had their work published in multiple academic magazines and books. A synthesis of their activities, publications and news was disseminated worldwide through the

IHDP Annual Report 2010

IHDP National Committes Bullettin, as well as the electronic newsletter “E-Zine”.

Among the activities was a summer institute series initiated by Beijing Normal University in collaboration with IHDP’s Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project). The primary goal was to attract and train young scholars from the field of hazard and risk study in order to improve and strengthen education, research, as well as international cooperation capacity in China in the field of disaster and risk sciences.

Another highlight of 2010 was a capacity building workshop on “Carbon Governance in Asia: Bridging Scales and Disciplines“, held in Yokohama, Japan, that was jointly organized

by IHDP’s Earth System Governance Project (ESG) and Global Carbon Project (GCP), as well as the United Nations University Institute of Advanced Studies (UNU-IAS), with further support from the Asia Pacific Network (APN).

The overall aim was the capacity building of Asia-Pacific young researchers and the discussion of opportunities for carbon governance to develop low carbon societies in Asia.

2010 also saw the relaunch of the IHDP website including a frequently updated blog. This tool particularly aims at targeting future leaders in science, policy, and the media to establish a broad science-policy-public learning process that can increase the shared understanding of complex issue areas of GEC. This way, IHDP’s community, consisting of several thousand people, is regularly serviced by the IHDP Secretariat with the latest news, knowledge exchange and networking opportunities.

All through the year, the Secretariat offered internships to students with various backgrounds, oftentimes from developing countries, who greatly supported the staff in a large array of duties. Among other tasks, they helped with the development of a process for building an expanded network of academic scholars and people involved in policy processes in the developing world and made significant progress on extending the network to the African continent.

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Science-Policy Interaction

IHDP’s added-value toward addressing global needs in both policy and research resides in its convening power to mobilize and catalyze research and dialogue: its access to intergovernmental processes and its long-standing experience with multidisciplinary approaches serving a diverse clientele as both dialogue facilitator and matchmaker.

During the past decade, IHDP devoted its energy largely to establishing scientific networks and bridging the gap between the natural and social sciences. Having done so successfully, the programme began in 2010 to strategically focus more strongly on science-policy interaction, through broader outreach efforts to key players in the appropriate policy domains.

To achieve a strong impact in these domains, international and intergovernmental organizations and agencies, decision-makers in the private and civil society sectors, and practitioners at all levels of implementation must be included.

Only such an inclusive approach can provide the means to link global research to local application and knowledge while involving the legislative and regulatory layers that lie in between.

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IHDP in 2010 also endeavored to forge new and strengthen existing strategic partnerships.

The programme continued to contribute to assessments of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), e.g. by providing research results to the Fifth Assessment Report: Numerous scholars from IHDP’s network were among the 831 highly qualified experts selected from 3000 nominations to contribute to the report, which is still in progress.

Major opportunities also arose from the process leading to the establishment of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), a global mechanism designed to provide assessment and policy guidance to help reverse the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services.

IHDP, in partnership with DIVERSITAS, represented the scientific community at the third intergovernmental meeting in Busan, Republic of South Korea June 2010, deliberating on the establishment of IPBES. As former team leader of the IPBES initiative while at the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Anantha Duraiappah continued to play a key

IHDP Annual Report 2010

role in the IPBES process by ensuring the inclusion of the social sciences. IHDP will continue its efforts to position the social sciences as key to the IPBES process and be acknowledged by the international policy community as the key social sciences network for addressing global change issues.

Moreover, IHDP scientists in 2010 were involved in a number of policy-relevant activities, including an IPCC workshop on “Socioeconomic Scenarios” (WoSES). The objective was to develop a framework of socioeconomic scenarios to be used by the different scientific communities working on climate change impacts and on options for adaptation to and mitigation of climate change.

IHDP further provided input to selected policy-relevant assessment processes so as to strengthen social science contributions to these key platforms and inform policy processes, such as the UNEP’s fifth Global Environmental Outlook (GEO-5), a global, consultative, participatory process that builds capacity for conducting global environmental assessments and for reporting on the state and trends of

the environment, future outlooks and policy options. Frank Biermann, Joyeeta Gupta, Oran Young and Norichika Kanie proved to be instrumental in shaping the policy debate on the reform of the existing institutional structures governing the environment and development.

Also in 2010, policy-makers made use of the research conducted by the Global Environmental Change and Human Security project (GECHS) regarding Norway’s support to the IPCC Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX) process.

Additional activities such as workshops and conferences were used by the GECHS community to further move human security concerns directly into IPCC’s focus.

31

Key Findings and Recommendations from IHDP Projects Food Security Key Finding: Sustainability of agricultural systems can be enhanced by promoting or increasing reliance on biodiversity and ecosystem services, so called ‘ecologically intensive agriculture’.

Key Recommendation: Integrated agricultural, environmental and territorial development policies and governance systems should be developed to promote ecological intensification of agriculture.

Key Finding: Intensification of agriculture sys-

tems in agrarian economies do not necessarily lead to a reduction in cultivated lands or major gains in reforestation.

Key Recommendation: Panaceas to reduce deforestation and agricultural expansion do not exist and policies aimed at this reduction require crafting for specific socio-ecological conditions.

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Key Finding: Critical to the success of a more integrated and holistic approach to ecosystem management is the creation of a new “commons”, understood both as a system of co-management of ecosystem services and biodiversity within private and public land, and as a single system to produce a bundle of ecosystem services for direct and indirect use by society.

Key Recommendation: New institutions should be designed under the lens of landscape governance to manage both public and private lands, which can govern the new “commons” and will allow for decentralized decision-making on the use of land and water bodies within a mosaic structure of different ecosystem types.

Key Finding: A predominant feature of 21st

century food systems is that they are inherently cross-scale, both against space and time.

Key Recommendation: Efficient action on the coupled GEC-food security agenda calls for integrated research at and across a range of spatial and temporal levels.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Human Health Key Finding: Adaptation and mitigation strategies (actions and policies) have to be based on research integrating health, and the natural and social sciences, in order to address the complexity of the impact of global environmental change and human health.

Key Recommendation: Support initiatives conducting interdisciplinary research towards the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies with respect to emerging health threats posed by global environmental change.

Key Finding: Still too few scientists are cur-

rently addressing the impact of GEC on human health through an integrated approach. This leads to a gap in human resources with regard to dealing with emerging issues related to GEC/ health, including the impact of extreme events and the (re-)emergence of infectious diseases.

Further efforts in training and capacity building are urgently required, especially in developing countries.

Key Recommendation: Enable the formation of a critical mass of professionals – especially in the health sector in developing countries – who are able to develop research on the health impacts of GEC; this can be achieved through strengthening interdisciplinary training opportunities and multidisciplinary international research networks.

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Climate Change & Human Security Key Finding: Climate change is not simply a technical problem that can be addressed by improving existing systems and technologies, pricing emissions, allocating special funds for adaptation and mitigation, or reforming institutions and governance. It may require these changes, but it is also a challenge that is intricately related to other ecological, social and economic issues.

Key Recommendation: Responding to climate change calls for shifts and deeper transformations to occur in current structures and systems, at multiple levels and across multiple dimensions.

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Key Finding: Global environmental change threatens human security. We have come a long way in understanding how global environmental change poses new and in some cases unprecedented threats to human security.

Key Recommendation: It is now time to generate new knowledge for creating human security in a changing environment such that it contributes to sustainable and equitable futures.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Human Security and Water Key Finding: Places where humans are experiencing water scarcity are also those where freshwater biodiversity faces the greatest threat. By investing in water technology and infrastructure adequate human water security could be achieved, though at the expense of aquatic biodiversity. This reflects the “traditional” strategy, which tolerates the degradation of supporting ecosystem services and then applies costly remediation measures. Securing the availability and quality of the resources implies a swift paradigm change.

Key Recommendation: Comparison of the governance frameworks and practice of several catchments highlight features of “good governance”: polycentric governance structures, effective legal frameworks, open access to information and meaningful stakeholder participation. Simple panaceas for governance reform and pathways towards improvement do not hold and should no longer be promoted.

Urbanization & Global Environmental Change Key Finding: Disaster risk reduction and cli-

mate change adaptation converge and interplay in the context of urban areas; these connections have started to change how researchers and practitioners conceive and approach the analysis and management of urban climate risk and associated impacts and response activities.

Key Recommendation: Identify connections and contentions between the two fields as well as potential synergies. Increased interactions between researchers and practitioners will influence the success of climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction and affect the security and well-being of urban populations.

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Photo: Murph Yeppoon

Project Portfolio

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

37

IHDP Research Worldwide 11 8

Countries of Research Albania

Canada

India

Morocco

Serbia

Andorra

Chile

Indonesia

Mozambique

Singapore

Argentina

China

Israel

Namibia

Slovakia

Armenia

Colombia

Iran

Nepal

Slovenia

Australia

Costa Rica

Ireland

Netherlands

Solomon Islands

Austria

Croatia

Italy

New Zealand

South Africa

Azerbaijan

Cuba

Japan

Niger

South Korea

Bangladesh

Cyprus

Kazakhstan

Nigeria

Spain

Belarus

Czech Republic

Kenya

Norway

Sri Lanka

Belgium

Denmark

Lao PDR

Pakistan

Sudan

Benin

Ecuador

Latvia

Paraguay

Sweden

Bolivia

Egypt

Lesotho

Peru

Switzerland

Bosnia and

Eritrea

Liechtenstein

Philippines

Taiwan

Herzegovina

Estonia

Lithuania

Poland

Tanzania

Botswana

Finland

Luxembourg

Polynesia

Thailand

Brazil

France

Madagascar

Portugal

Turkey

Brunei

Georgia

Malaysia

Republic of

Uganda

Bulgaria

Germany

Malta

Macedonia

Ukraine

Burkina Faso

Ghana

Mexico

Romania

United Kingdom

Burma

Greece

Moldova

Russia

United States of America

Burundi

Guinea

Monaco

Rwanda

Vatican City

Cambodia

Hungary

Mongolia

San Marino

Venezuela

Cameroon

Iceland

Montenegro

Senegal

Vietnam

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

2 10

4

5 1 3 7 6 12 6 9

International Project Offices 1. Earth System Governance Project 2. Global Environmental Change & Human Security Project (closed) 3. Global Land Project 4. Industrial Transformation Project 5. Integrated History & Future of People on Earth Project 6. Integrated Risk Governance Project 7. Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone Project 8. Urbanization & Global Environmental Change Project 9. Global Carbon Project 10. Global Environmental Change & Food Systems Project 11. Global Environmental Change & Human Health Project 12. Global Water System Project

9

39

Core Projects ESG

GECHS

GLP

IHOPE

Earth System Governance Project

Global Environmental Change & Human Security Project

Global Land Project

Integrated History & Future of People on Earth Project

Governance for sustainability: Navigating the anthropocene

Understanding human security in an era of global change

Measuring, modelling and understanding the coupled human-environment system

Studying historical human interactions with the Earth toward a sustainable future

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

IRG-Project

IHDP-IT

LOICZ

UGEC

Integrated Risk Governance Project

Industrial Transformation Project

Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone

Urbanization & Global Environmental Change Project

Learning to deal with risks that exceed current coping capacities

Identifying alternative pathways towards sustainability

Working to support sustainability and adaptation to global change in the coastal zone

Guiding research on the interactions and feedbacks between urbanization and global change

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Earth System Governance Project “2010 was a great year for the Earth System Governance Project, as it marked the end of its period of settingup and institutionalization. With Lund University now committing substantial resources to the project’s International Project Office, with international topscience events planned for 2011, and with more than 1600 scholars from all over the world involved in the initiative, the Project is fully set to embark on its ambitious, long-term agenda.”

Prof. Frank Biermann, Project Chair International Project Office Hosted by Lund University Ruben Zondervan, Executive Director ipo@earthsystemgovernance.org

Humans now influence all biological and physical systems of the planet. Almost no species, no land area, no part of the oceans has remained unaffected by the expansion of the human species. Human activity is generating change that extends well beyond natural variability and at rates that continue to accelerate. It is apparent that institutions, organizations and mechanisms by which humans currently govern their relationship with the natural environment and global biochemical systems are not only insufficient—they are also poorly understood.

More effective governance systems are needed. This is the rationale and challenge for the Earth System Governance Project. It defines earth system governance as the interrelated system of formal and informal rules, rule-making mechanisms and actor-networks at all levels of human society that are set up to steer societies towards preventing, mitigating and adapting to global and local environmental change and earth system transformation, within the context of sustainable development. The project will also develop policy responses to the pressing problems of earth system transformation. It is designed as a nodal point within the four global change research programmes to guide, organize and evaluate research on governance in the various projects.

www.earthsystemgovernance.org

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

Insight 2010

Key Question 2011

2010 has been characterized by a large number of high quality small and medium size scientific meetings, all resulting in or leading to academic publications. These events enabled the project to gain a better and deeper understanding of the problems of the overall architecture of earth system governance, of agency beyond the state and of the state, of the adaptiveness of governance mechanisms and processes, of their accountability and legitimacy and of modes of allocation and access in earth system governance. In addition, co-hosting and endorsement of large conferences like the 2010 Berlin Conference and the ISEE 2010 conference resulted in an improved integration of the concept of earth system governance with other scientific communities, such as ecological economics. The new collaborations also broadened the knowledge base and the range of scientific disciplines included in the project.

The project has successfully established key research collaborations and networks that now bring together several hundred researchers on all continents. Key progress has been made particularly in the areas of architectures of earth system governance, agency in earth system governance, and accountability and legitimacy of earth system governance.

The understanding of the relations and interactions between the analytical problems that are the problems of the overall architecture of earth system governance, of agency beyond the state and of the state, of the adaptiveness of governance mechanisms and processes, of their accountability and legitimacy and of modes of allocation and access in earth system governance.

People, Places, and the Planet

Earth System Governance 43

Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

Earth system governance has found its way into the curricula of a number of academic studies. Many senior researchers involved in the project undertake training to strengthen the capacity of early-career researchers in the field. The International Project Office and institutes involved in the project offer internships. Already before its formal launch in 2009, the project engaged in capacity building activities through a series of annual Marie Curie Training Courses that ended in 2010. In total, more than 300 early-career scientists have been trained in various aspects of earth system governance research. With three other workshops in 2010, capacity building has become a major and successful activity of the project and has proved to be very valuable to initiating new research collaborations.

While essentially being a scientific effort, the project is also designed to assist policy responses to the problems of earth system transformation.

All analytical problems studied have profound policy implications. The current stage of the project cycle focuses on establishing the knowledge necessary for and intelligent approaches to effective science-policy interaction. Many affiliated researchers have positions in policymaking bodies, and are in the delegations to intergovernmental negotiations.

The project has representatives in UNEP’s fifth Global Environmental Outlook, the UNEP Major Group and Stakeholders Advisory Group on International Environmental Governance, the fifth Assessment Report of the IPCC as well as the RESCUE Foresight Initiative of the European Science Foundation, amongst others.

Members of the Earth System Governance Scientific Steering Committee, as well as many of the project’s affiliated researchers, have been actively engaged in presenting, promoting and explaining the Earth System Governance Project and its analytical framework to a multitude of audiences including guest lectures, key note speeches, convening conference panels or special sessions at conferences and other venues. The website of the Earth System Governance Project is rapidly turning into a main reference point for working papers, projects, events, and publications on the governance of global environmental change. More than 1,700 scientists have already subscribed to the newsletter, and the project is making good progress concerning its presence on social networking sites.

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Key Events

Institutional Dynamics. Emergent Patterns in International Environmental Governance

May 2010

October 2010

Author Workshop on ‘Agency in Earth System Governance’ Workshop to prepare a special issue on agency and earth system governance

2010 Berlin Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. ‘Social dimensions of environmental change and governance’ The 2010 Berlin Conference has been the 10th conference in the well established series of European Conferences on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change.

This year’s conference addressed the “Social dimensions of environmental change and governance”.

Oran R. Young, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Environmental Politics And Deliberative Democracy. Examining the Promise of New Modes of Governance

Karin Bäckstrand, Jamil Khan, Annica Kronsell, and Eva Lövbrand (eds).

Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Global Climate Governance Beyond 2012. Architecture, Agency and Adaptation

Frank Biermann, Philipp Pattberg, and Fariboz Zelli (eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Governing Climate Change Harriet Bulkeley, Peter Newell.

London / New York: Routledge.

Multilateral Environmental Agreements: Legal Status of the Secretariats

July 2010

Democratizing Climate Governance Hosted by the ANU Centre for Deliberative Democracy & Global Governance, co-sponsored by the ANU Climate Change Institute, and endorsed by the Earth System Governance Project.

August 2010

ISEE 11th Biennial Conference: Advancing Sustainability in a Time of Crisis The Earth System Governance Project co-hosted this conference

Bharat H. Desai. NY: Cambridge Univ. Press

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Global Environmental Change & Human Security Project “We have reached a point where our understanding of the relationships between global environmental change and human security is solid.

The challenge now is to translate our understanding into policies and practices that create the economic, social, political, institutional and cultural conditions that are essential for human security.”

Prof. Karen O’Brien, Project Chair

The Global Environmental Change and Human Security Project (GECHS) came to a close in mid-2010, after a decade as a core project of IHDP. Over the years, GECHS has grown into a solid and well-respected research community, and the topic of human security can be found increasingly on the agenda of environmental issues, both within research and policy. Placing global environmental change (GEC) within the larger socioeconomic and political contexts, and focusing on the way diverse social processes combined with GEC affect human security, has contributed significantly to the understanding of the causes and consequences of global environmental change.

More than anything, GECHS research has helped to move human beings and societies to the center of GEC research. Having established this foundation, the human security community will continue to play an important role in shaping future research and promoting responses to environmental change that enhance human security.

International Project Office Linda Sygna, Executive Officer Project Office Closed as of 2010 www.gechs.org

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights Over the years, there has been considerable progress in conceptualizing human security, and increasing the understanding of how human security is influenced by environmental change. Based on a greater knowledge of the “human security dimensions” of global environmental change, the GECHS project has more recently been focusing on forward-looking actions: How can society create positive social change and enhance human security in the context of GEC? Moving beyond an understanding of environmental change as a technical problem that can be addressed by managing existing systems better, by improving technology, or by reforming institutions, there is a need to pay greater attention to the “adaptive challenge” of global change, i.e. to question existing mindsets and assumptions. Meeting the “adaptive challenge” involves a greater understanding of the role of individual and collective beliefs, values, worldviews, priorities and loyalties.

This is emerging as a new area for global environmental change research, as a better understanding of the “deeper” human dimensions can potentially contribute to more effective responses that are aligned with increased human security and a sustainable and resilient future.

The GECHS project has been in a synthesis phase since 2008, and in 2010, much emphasis was put on consolidating, synthesizing and disseminating research findings. At the same time, considerable efforts have been placed on activities that are more forward-looking, and ideas that are likely to shape future global environmental change and human security research.

INSIGHT 2010

Key Question 2011

The synthesis process made it clear that environmental change is more than a “technical problem” that can be solved through better management or improved governance.

GEC is also an “adaptive challenge” calling for individuals, groups and institutions to examine their beliefs, values, worldviews, assumptions, priorities and loyalties. Such reflexivity is important for identifying solutions that promote both human security and sustainability.

How can global change scientists apply their insights on systems and societies with research and practice on learning and leadership, in order to create enabling conditions for human security?

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

An important objective for GECHS has been to mobilize a new generation of committed human security researchers. Young scientists from both developing and developed countries have been engaged in various GECHS activities. During the Summer School in Comparative Social Science Studies at the University of Oslo, GECHS organized the PhD course “Security and Environmental Change”, with Professor Simon Dalby, Carleton University, Ottawa, as course lecturer. Together with Karen O’Brien, Oslo University, GECHS contributed to the NORDCLAD-Net PhD course “Bridging the science, policy and practice of adaptation to climate change in the Nordic countries” at the Stockholm Environment Institute. The synthesis phase focused particularly on highlighting the work of young scholars from the south.

2010 allowed a close connection between GECHS research and policymakers, especially with regard to Norway’s support to the Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” (SREX) process.

Upcoming book: “A Changing Environment for Human Security” The GECHS synthesis book, “A Changing Environment for Human Security”, will be published by Earthscan in early 2012. The book contains 40 chapter contributions from the GECHS synthesis conference and discusses the opportunities and challenges faced in creating enabling conditions for human security under environmental change.

Session at the Planet under Pressure Conference, March 2012, London With partners GECHS is co-organizing the session, “The Emperor’s new clothes: exploring paradigm shifts around climate change policy and research” at the Planet under Pressure Conference in London, UK, March 26-29, 2012. The call for paper and poster proposals will be posted in mid-June.

48

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Key Events

Sustainable Adaptation to Climate Change

July 26-30, 2010

Siri Eriksen and Katrina Brown (eds), Special Journal Issue of Climate and Development, Vol. 3, Issue 1.

Climate Change, Ethics and Human Security Karen O’Brien, Asunción Lera St. Clair and Berit Kristoffersen (eds.)

July 2010. Cambridge University Press

Global Environmental Change and Human Security Richard A. Matthew,Jon Barnett, Bryan McDonald and Karen O’Brien (eds.)

Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010

Climate Change and Small Island States: Power, Knowledge and the South Pacific

Jon Barnett and John Campbell Earthscan, London, 2010.

Development Ethics: A Reader

Asunción Lera St.Clair and Des Gasper (eds.).

Security and Environmental Change PhD training course, Oslo Summer School in Comparative Social Science Studies, University of Oslo, Norway, with lecturer Professor Simon Dalby.

November 6-8, 2010

Bridging the science, policy and practice of adaptation to climate change in the Nordic countries NORDCLAD-Net PhD course, Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), Sweden December, 14-17, 2010

Adaptation to climate change in two Labrador communities: Values and cultural identity ArcticNet Annual Scientific Meeting, Ottawa, Canada.

London: Ashgate, 2010.

49

Global Land Project

“2010 was an exciting year for GLP. We had the opportunity to gather up to 550 people for our Open Science Conference in Arizona, coorganized with UGEC. It was a great opportunity to take stock of current achievements and to develop new ideas and inspiration for future directions of research concerning the coupled human-environment

The Land System, including freshwater, is the critical land component within the Earth System. Both terrestrial and aquatic land ecosystems provide a multiplicity of ecosystem services, such as clean water, air, and flood control. Intensification and diversification of land use and advances in technology have led to rapid changes in biogeochemical cycles, hydrologic processes, and landscape dynamics. The Global Land Project (GLP), established in 2006, aims at improving the understanding and modeling of the effects of human actions on natural processes of the terrestrial biosphere. Changes in land use and management affect the states, properties, and functions of ecosystems, which, in turn, affect the provision of ecosystem services, and, ultimately, affect human well-being.

system.�

Prof. Anette Reenberg, Project Chair

International Project Office Hosted by University of Copenhagen, Denmark Dr. Tobias Langanke, Executive Officer ar@geo.ku.dk, tla@geo.ku.dk www.globallandproject.org

50

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

Insight 2010

Key Questions 2011

In 2010, the Global Land Project focused on the GLP Open Science Meeting “Land Systems, Global Change and Sustainability”, organized in close cooperation with the IHDP Core Project Urbanization and Global Environmental Change (UGEC). The meeting offered a large number of parallel sessions featuring prominent keynote speakers, and attracted around 340 participants (around 550 on joint day with UGEC). The cooperation with UGEC extended to almost all matters of conference planning, including a joint day, combi-tickets, shared graphic design, shared video and photo documentation, joint applications for external funding with NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the National Science Foundation (NSF), and close collaboration on many other logistical issues. Funding applications for travel support were very successful. In addition, the project received great support from UGEC’s International Project Office. Partly based on the feedback provided by the community during the Open Science Meeting, the Global Land Project is currently discussing its synthesis topics for the second half of its lifespan.

The most important project result from 2010 is the strengthening of the land-change community through the very successful Open Science Conference in Arizona in October.

Also, a first “GLP Report” was published in August 2010 on “Land Grab in Africa” and attempted a current overview on published figures on the extent and spatial location of the phenomenon.

• Ecosystem services provided by land systems, prioritization and trade-offs.

• Global land-use and land-cover datasets – status, challenges and new opportunities.

• Pathways to sustainable land management.

• Challenges and opportunities in modeling Integrated land-change processes.

• Land prioritization; bioenergy, food and other products.

51

Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

A major part of the planning for the Open Science Meeting 2010 was dedicated to secure funding for the participation of young scientists and scientists from developing countries.

UGEC and GLP shared USD 120.000 in additional funds and GLP fully funded the participation of around 60 participants. Subsequent to the meeting, GLP logistically supported the modeling workshop “Land Change Modeling Methods: calibration, validation and extrapolation”, hosted by R.G. Pontius, Clark University. Moreover, GLP’s Sapporo Nodal Office recently completed training for young scientists on techniques for valuing and mapping ecosystem services.

The training took place at Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan, and featured 30 fellows from 14 countries in Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe and the United States.

The Open Science Meeting “Land Systems, Global Change and Sustainability” in Arizona, in close cooperation with the UGEC Conference, attracted not only a broad audience of scientists, but also participants from NGOs, the public sector, journalists, publishers, funding agencies and (to a lesser extent) private business. The focus of GLP has been on scientific networking rather than on direct project-level interactions. Individual SSC members are, however, through their respective institutions and positions, more strongly involved in the science-policy interface, including high-level national policy influence and authorship in the process of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

The project’s main outreach has been achieved through presentations held

by IPO staff, the Chair, SSC members or Nodal Office staff at scientific conferences and workshops. In addition, there is frequent communication with the research community and the general public via tools such as the website, email updates, newsletters, downloadable presentations, sessionreports and videos. GLP intends to publish more “GLP Reports” and is planning its own publication series.

For larger events, such as the GLP Open Science Conference, a press release was circulated and photos and videos were produced professionally and made available on the GLP website.

52

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Land Use and Ecosystems

Turner et al. GLP Sapporo Nodal Office has edited a special feature in Sustainability Science (Sustainability Science, Volume 5, Number 1, January 2010). The Special Feature documents progress in Land Change Science Research

Complex Land Systems: The Need for Long-term Perspectives to Assess Their Future Dearing, J. A., A. K. Braimoh, A. Reenberg, B. L. Turner, and S. van der Leeuw. 2010. Ecology and Society 15(4): 21. [online] URL: http:// www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol15/iss4/ art21/

A Generic Structure for Plant Trait Databases. Methods

Kattge, J., Ogle, K., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Madin, J., Nadrowski, K., Nollert, S., Sartor, K. and Wirth, C., Kattge, J., Ogle, K., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Madin, J., Nadrowski, K., Nollert, S., Sartor, K. and Wirth, C., 2010. In Ecology & Evolution, no. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00067.x

Vulnerability and Resilience: Coalescing or Paralleling Approaches for Sustainability Science?

Turner II, B.L., 2010. Global Environmental Change Vol. 20, pp. 570-576.

The Global Technical Potential of Bio-energy in 2050 Considering Sustainability Constraints

Key Events March 2010

October 2011, Tempe, AZ, USA

Representation of Ecosystem Services in the modelling of Land Systems Workshop planned and hosted by the Aberdeen Nodal Office

GLP Open Science Meeting “Land Systems, Global Change and Sustainability” OSM held back to back with UGEC OSM with a shared day to bring together both communities, with a total of 790 participants. 6 plenary sessions with high level keynote speakers, 58 parallel sessions over 3 days. Local support through UGEC IPO, Billie Turner School of Geographical Sciences & Urban Planning and GIOS. The conference gathered $120,000 funding for young and developing country scientists from NASA, NSF, NOAA, Wageningen University, GLP IPO and INPE.

November 2011

Esther Boserup Conference 2010 – a centennial tribute. Long-term Trajectories in Population, Gender Relations, Land Use and the Environment Organized in cooperation with the Vienna University of Economics and Business, University of Graz, and Alpen-Adria University and endorsed and sponsored by GLP.

Haberl, H., Beringer, T., Bhattacharya, S.C., Erb, K.H. and Hoogwijk, M., 2010. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2:394-403.

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Industrial Transformation Project “2010 was a year of synthesis and rounding-off for IT. The highlights were the publication of a series of papers on ‘sustainability experiments’ in Asia, promising radical solutions for sustainable development, and a final conference held in Kuala Lumpur attended by a new generation of scholars working on innovation and sustainability in rapidly developing countries.”

Prof. Frans Berkhout, Project Chair

International Project Office Anna J. Wieczorek, Executive Officer Anna.Wieczorek@ivm.vu.nl www.ihdp-it.org (archived)

54

The Industrial Transformation project (IT) aims at better understanding change in production and consumption systems with major impacts on the global environment.

While the initial focus was on technological change, IT research increasingly began to consider technical change within institutional and social contexts. There is a broadly shared scientific and political agreement that existing socio-technical systems in many important economic and social domains are unsustainable and require major transformations. IT’s work over the last decade showed that socio-technical transformations were common in the past, and that co-evolutionary changes have taken place in technologies coupled with social, institutional and economic changes. Future ‘sustainability transitions’ are likely to have similar characteristic;, however, past transitions were not framed by an overarching societal objective like sustainability. The challenge will be to understand how they may be governed through the coordination of societal actors. IT has sought to initiate a new research agenda on the conditions under which experiments emerge and form alternatives to the existing socio-technical regimes. It has shifted the focus of its agenda from rich, industrialized countries to contexts in rapidly industrializing and urbanizing Asia.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

Insight 2010

Key Question 2011

Among the objectives of the IT project in 2010 was the application of transition concepts and models in rapidly developing Asian contexts. Although new to many of the Asian researchers and practitioners, the basic concepts used to frame sustainability transitions appeared robust and continued to generate useful new insights about the generation, adoption and diffusion of new ways of doing things. Concepts such as sustainability experiments and socio-technical regimes can function as bridging concepts for academic researchers, policy makers and practitioners. They take account of innovative activities in diverse settings in developing countries, including activities outside the firm, emphasizing the role of rules and social practices in socio-technical change. The work of the IT project sought to emphasize the space for innovation in emerging economy settings that stands apart from ‘technological catch-up’, in which it is assumed that the main flow of ideas and technologies comes from more technologically advanced countries and sectors.

The work of the IT project is just the beginning. It is important to continue with the development of transition frameworks and to apply them in developing country contexts, by adjusting concepts, by developing testable hypotheses, or by developing the framework further in the light of empirical research.

How do sustainability experiments influence transitions to sustainability in Asia and how can their transformative potential be fostered and strengthened?

55

Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Scientific Development

The two IT meetings, the “Environment and Resource Management” course, and the “Pioneers into Practice” program of the EU, allowed for younger researchers from the Asia region to get acquainted with transition concepts and methods. In addition, the synthesis conference in Kuala Lumpur attracted a high number of PhD and young post-doc researchers.

Prof. Em. Dato, Dr, Zakri Abdul Hamid, Science Advisor to the Government of Malaysia, opened the Kuala Lumpur synthesis conference with a speech. The conference also featured a Policy Forum on the sustainability of biofuels, fostering engagement with policymakers and business participants.

The project does not have an IHDP follow up. However, the research on sustainability transitions continues in various forms and new networks, where many of the earlier IT-involved researchers continue, e.g. as committee members. Also, APN has expressed its interest in contributing to the follow-up activities of IT, and a new proposal will be submitted.

56

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Socio-technical Experiments in Asia – A Driver for Sustainability Transition? Special issue of Environmental Science and Policy Journal (Volume 13, Issue 4, Feb 2010). Edited by Berkhout, F., Verbong, G. and A.J. Wieczorek., including the following contributions:

Sustainability Experiments in Asia: Innovations Shaping Alternative Development Pathways?

Pages 261-271. Frans Berkhout, Geert Verbong, Anna J. Wieczorek, Rob Raven, Louis Lebel, Xuemei Bai. Pages 261-271.

Rural Energy Transitions in Developing Countries: A Case of the Uttam Urja Initiative in India Ibrahim Hafeezur Rehman, Abhishek Kar, Rob Raven, Dilip Singh, Jitendra Tiwari, Rakesh Jha, Pramod Kumar Sinha, Asim Mirza. Pages 303-311.

A Promising Niche: Waste to Energy Project in the Indian Dairy Sector Mahesh Patankar, Anand Patwardhan, Geert Verbong, Pages 282-290.

Key Events

Innovation Cycles, Niches and Sustainability in the Shrimp Aquaculture Industry in Thailand Louis Lebel, Rattanawan Mungkung, Shabbir H. Gheewala, Phimphakan Lebel. Pages 291302

Strategic Niche Management in an Unstable Regime: Biomass Gasification in India

Geert Verbong, Willem Christiaens, Rob Raven, Annelies Balkema, Pages 272-281.

Urban Sustainability Experiments in Asia: Patterns and Pathways Xuemei Bai, Brian Roberts, Jing Chen Pages 312-325.

Biomass Energy Experiments in Rural India: Insights from Learningbased Development Approaches and Lessons for Strategic Niche Management

Jan 2010, Kolkata India

Scoping research on sustainability experiments IT APN workshop on the role of sustainability experiments in stimulating transitions in Asia Jan 2011, Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

IT final conference on innovation and sustainability transitions in Asia Combined synthesis and new agenda conference.

Jan 2011, Taipei, Taiwan

2011 International Conference on Industrial Transformation Urbanization, and Human Security in the Asia-Pacific

Henny Romijn, Rob Raven, Ina de Visser. Pages 326-338.

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Integrated History and Future of People on Earth “IHOPE activities lead the search of the past for clues to the future of humankind. By increasing our understanding of past societies’ successes and failures, we can envision more resilient human communities and a more harmonious relationship between our species and the planet we call home.”

Dr. Stephan Barthel, Executive Officer

International Project Office Sponsored by Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University Carole Crumley, Research Director carole.crumley@stockholmresilience.su.se Stephan Barthel, Executive Officer stephan.barthel@historia.su.se

The Integrated History and Future of People on Earth (IHOPE) project initiative is a global research network, demonstrating that earth system changes in the past have been strongly associated with changes in the coupled human-environment system. The IPO of IHOPE therefore argues that society and science can learn from the past when modeling unpleasant thresholds and possible sustainable futures. IHOPE supports sharing knowledge and resources from the biophysical and the social sciences and the humanities to address analytical and interpretive issues associated with coupled human-earth system dynamics. IHOPE will create frameworks that can be used to integrate perspectives, theories, tools and knowledge from a variety of disciplines spanning the full spectrum of social and natural sciences and the humanities. The overarching goal is to produce a rich understanding of the relationships between environmental and human processes over the past millennia. The project recognizes that one major challenge is consensus building around a ‘workable’ terminology that can be accepted by scholars of all disciplines. The projects objective is to identify slow and rapidly moving features of complex socio-ecological systems, from local to continental spatial scales, which induce resilience, stress, or collapse.

http://stockholmresilience.org/ihope

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights The establishment of the IHOPE’s IPO at the Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, has fostered a powerful collaboration that links the global environmental science community with an academic centre of excellence in the resilience of socio-ecological systems.

The sister universities Stockholm University and Uppsala University share strengths in the social sciences, humanities and Earth system sciences. Their departments of history, classics, archaeology, biodiversity, human and physical geography, and systems ecology are actively engaged in collaborations around IHOPE themes. In addition, Uppsala University has founded and supports the World Historical Ecology Network (WHEN), a collaborative network of scholars interested in the transdisciplinary work IHOPE promotes.

One of the most exciting developments was the construction of an interactive historical and geographical modeling platform that can be used for IHOPE projects: A land use land cover (LULC) is linked to a spatially explicit complex systems model that includes biophysical and socioeconomic modules. The combined model will represent the social-ecological system (SES) of the case study by integrating systems dynamics, agent-based models, cellular automata and network theory models to represent various key elements of the system, including hydrology, forest succession, agriculture, ecosystem services, demographics, trade and transport, and regional economics (including infrastructure, technology, and governance). The model can calibrate, validate and test scenarios and present trajectories for key indicators through time; it visually presents the case study area and provides an online user interface. This allows comparative analysis of differing assumptions and has direct policy implications.

INSIGHT 2010

Key Question 2011

While an overarching goal is to produce a rich understanding of the dialectical relationships between environmental and human processes over the past millennia, a major challenge for reaching it is forging a ‘workable’ terminology that can be accepted by scholars of all disciplines. The concept of memory has been fruitful for interdisciplinary discussions. Several of the IHOPE working groups have collaborated on impressive regional syntheses and others have or will soon publish books.

Identifying the multiple slow and rapidly changing variables of complex social-ecological systems – from local to continental spatial scales and up to millennial temporal scales – which induce resilience or vulnerability.

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

University of South Carolina, March 19-20

The Swedish National Heritage Board (SNHB) agreed to open files at their archives and provide guidance and a workplace to students and researchers at their premises in Visby, Gotland, Sweden. In return, IHOPE will invite SNHB to seminars and disseminate the results of new research conducted in 2011.

The project’s website has been designed and launched during the spring of 2010, offering scholars of various disciplines a tool and a meeting point for interdisciplinary work.

Further, the interactive, opensource, web-based map portal Urban Atlas (www.urbanatlasportal.org), has agreed to grant the IPO the use of its website for the dissemination of results and information. Urban Atlas is intended to aggregate and serve spatial map-based information on various aspects of metropolitan ecosystems. It will build information on social-ecological systems and the ecosystem services of benefit to human communities to bridge the gap between research and management, and provide information and knowledge to scientists, planners, educators and ordinary citizens.

From Field to Table: the Historical Ecology of Regional Subsistence Strategies. Keynote: Crumley.

Copenhagen University, April 12-14

Climate & Mobility. Keynote: Crumley.

May 10-13, Edinburgh

AIMES Open Science Conference: Earth System Science-Climate, Global Change, and People. Keynote: Crumley.

Berlin Academy of Sciences & Humanities, June 15-17

Social-Ecological Resilience of Cultural Landscapes. Keynote: Crumley.

Lisbon, Nov 5

Searching the Past for Clues to the Future. IGBP Iberian Regional Meeting. Keynote: Crumley.

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Social-Ecological Memory in Urban Gardens - Retaining the Capacity for Management of Ecosystem Services

Barthel, S., Folke, C. and Colding, J. (2010).

Global Environmental Change, 20(2): 255-265

Developing a systematic “Science of the Past” to Create our Future Cornell, S., Costanza, B., Sörlin, S. and S. van der Leeuw. (2010). Global Environmental Change, 20: 426-427.

The Archaeology of Global Environmental Change

Crumley, C. (2010). Humans and the Environment: New Archaeological Perspectives for the 21st Century. Matthew Davies and Freda Nkirote, eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Population Aggregation in Ancient Arid Environments

Key Events

The Urban Mind, Cultural and Environmental Dynamics

Sinclair, P., Herschend, F., Nordquist, G and C. Isendahl, eds. (2010). p. 618. Studies in Global Archaeology 15. Uppsala: Uppsala University Press.

The New World of the Anthropocene Zalasiewicz, J., Williams, M., Steffen, W. and Crutzen, P. (2010). Environmental Science & Technology, doi: 10.1021/es903118j

Stockholm, Sweden, 25 May 2010

Joint World Historical Ecology Network Workshop series on Memory for Sustainability, at the Swedish Academy of Science.

Santa Barbara, USA, 15 – 18 September 2010

International IHOPE Meeting Located at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS).

Stockholm, Sweden, 1 December 2010

Expertise for the Future Book workshop to be published by Elsevier, led by Sverker Sörlin, Paul Warde, and Libby Robin.

Janssen, M.A. (2010). Ecology and Society, 15(2): 19 (special issue)

The Archaeology of Sustainability: Mesoamerica Scarborough, V.L. (2010). (invited) Ancient Mesoamerica 20(2):197-203.

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Integrated Risk Governance Project “2010 was a great year for IRG-Project because it was not only officially approved as one of IHDP’s core projects but also developed a solid foundation for the next ten years with great support being provided by both international risk communities and the Chinese government.”

Prof. Peijun Shi, Project Chair

International Project Office Hosted by the Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management (ADREM) in Beijing, China with support from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and the European Climate Forum in Germany.

Qian Ye; qianye@yahoo.com Elke Henning; elke.henning@pik-potsdam.de www.irg-project.org

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The increased frequency of exceptional weather and climate hazards due to global warming has intensified disaster risks, gradually demonstrated in meteorological observation data from all over the world. Yet, societies face risks not only from weather conditions, but also due to negative effects on the normal operation of some infrastructures in the world and the service capacity of the Earth’s ecological system. International frameworks and national governments have expressed strong interest in improved risk governance systems, as reflected in the UN International Strategy on Disaster Reduction. The Integrated Risk Governance Project (IRG-Project) intends to direct the attention to a number of concerns, including policies designed to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and communities to the impacts of extreme events, decision-making processes regarding the establishment and deployment of response capabilities, and institutional arrangements capable of protecting individuals from the impacts of extreme events. The project will undertake a multidisciplinary integration analysis to understand risk formation mechanisms and dissemination behavior. It aims to identify mechanisms, trends, impacts and the predictability of risks in the context of global change, and will develop risk assessment models and methods for integrated risk simulation.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

SELECTED PUBLICATIONS

2010 brought with it several scientific highlights for the IRG-Project. The project started a fruitful and ongoing collaboration within the Global Systems Dynamics Project (GSDP), a European network on complex systems. In addition, IRG-Project finalized the establishment of its scientific steering committee after a careful selection process. The new organ will be finally approved and inaugurated in 2011.

Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Beijing NorMal University

Capacity Development At Beijing Normal University (BNU), a growing number of PhD and Master students are conducting research under the framework of IRG-Project. In addition in 2010 the second Summer Institute for Advanced Study of Disaster and Risk: Disaster, Risk, and Climate Change was held from 2-13 August 2010.

Science-Policy Interaction Starting in 2009, active discussions with the European Commission’s FET division (Future and Emerging Technologies), the German Ministry for the Environment, and the Chinese Ministry for Science and Technology continued. All collaborations are fruitful and ongoing in 2010-2011.

iRiskNet, China; http://www. irisknet.cn/enindex.php

INSIGHT 2010 Key Events August 2010

2010 Summer Institute for Advanced Study of Disaster and Risk: Disaster, Risk, and Climate Change The 2010 Summer Institute at Beijing Normal University is the second summer institute co-sponsored by the Chinese government.

It is an integral part of our project and a core capacity building activity. The primary goals are to attract and train young scholars with a background and strong interest in the field of hazard and risk science, as well as to improve and strengthen education, research and international communication in and with China.

Key Questions 2011

An important milestone in 2010 was becoming a core project of IHDP. In addition, the preparation and set-up of further project offices in Africa (Ethiopia) and South-East Asia (Singapore) was another key task in 2010.

What are the entryand exit-transitions of large-scale disasters, and what are the governing factors and parameters? How can we model the entryand exit-transition of large-scale disasters? Review of existing risk models: models developed and used in academia, in government agents, and in insurance industry.

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Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone Project “2010 was a great year for the LandOcean Interactions in the Coastal Zone project because we launched our new “hotspots” of coastal vulnerability.”

Prof. Alice Newton, Project Chair

International Project Office Hosted by Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, Institute of Coastal Research, Geesthacht, Germany Hartwig H. Kremer PhD, Chief Executive Officer loicz.ipo@loicz.org

Since 1993, the Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone project (LOICZ) has been studying Earth’s heterogeneous, highly productive, dynamic and sensitive coastal zone. Now in its fourth year as a joint IGBP/IHDP core project, LOICZ has evolved into an interdisciplinary collaborative effort of several hundred coastal zone scientists and managers within a wide spectrum of Earth System Sciences, from biochemical and geophysical to social and economic dimensions. With its primary objective “to provide the knowledge, understanding and prediction needed to allow coastal communities to assess, anticipate and respond to the interaction of global and local pressures which determine coastal change”, LOICZ is an important promoter of interdisciplinary coastal zone research around the globe. Aiming to overcome traditional disciplinary fragmentation, LOICZ organizes the biochemical, geophysical and human dimensions of coastal change around five Scientific Themes: Vulnerability of Coastal Systems and Hazards to Society; Implications of Global Change for Coastal Ecosystems and Sustainable Development; Human Influences on the River Basin Coastal Zone Interactions; Biogeochemical Cycles in Coastal and Shelf; and Towards Coastal System Sustainability by Managing Land-Ocean Interaction.

www.loicz.org

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

Key Question 2011

• Coastal eutrophication, a world-wide growing problem despite reduction measures in Europe (World Ocean review); • Applying LOICZ budget approaches to the relationships between nutrient fluxes, hypoxia and fisheries • Development of an updated LOICZ budget methodology for turbid coastal ecosystems and a Net Anthropogenic Nutrient Input (NANI) toolbox for the Baltic basin; and • Coastal observatories were established to measure important physical, chemical and biological parameters, ultimately on-line or real time. As part of the COSYNA project (Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht), major achievements have been made in the measurement of parameters along a ferry line in the North Sea. These investigations are an example of scientific activities carried out in projects affiliated to LOICZ.

What are the determining factors of vulnerability and resilience of coastal socioecological systems and how can they adequately adapt to global environmental change processes?

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

Several LOICZ SSC Members and IPO staff frequently teach in ERASMUS Mundus Master Programs.

As part of the program “Water and Coastal Management”, six master students from six countries worldwide analyzed key scientific questions in LOICZ, namely in its affiliated projects. Other programs focused on “Quality in Analytical Laboratories”, “Ecohydrology”, and “Marine Conservation and Biodiversity”.

LOICZ SSC members are authors of the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and serve as expert reviewers of the IPCC report “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation.” On behalf of and commissioned by the GKSS (today Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Materials and Coastal Research) Institute of Coastal Research, a Storm Surges Congress organized

by LOICZ took place in Hamburg, Germany, focusing on the issues of risk and management of current and future storm surges.

LOICZ organized a couple of events in 2010, including the “Science City Exhibition”, conducted by LOICZ South Asia Regional Node, Chennai, India. During summer, LOICZ East Asia Regional Node, Yantai, China organized the “Open Science Day” as well as a Summer School.

Formulation of the National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (between Ministry of Environment & Forest and Anna University, Chennai, India).

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Development

Selected Publications

Key Events

Under the new overarching frame of “Vulnerability and Adaptation to Global Change in the Coastal Zone” new hotspots to be addressed within LOICZ research include: Coastal Urbanization and Megacities; Rivermouth systems, incl. estuaries and deltas; islands at risk; and the Arctic coasts.

Carbon and Nutrient Fluxes in Continental Margins

September 2010

Liu, K.-K.; Atkinson, L.; Quiñones, R. & TalaueMcManus, L. (eds.) Springer, Berlin.

Integrating and Applying Science: A Practical Handbook for Effective Coastal Ecosystem Assessment.

Longstaff, B.J.; Carruthers, T.J.B.; Dennison, W.C.; Lookingbill, T.R.; Hawkey, J.M.; Thomas, J.E.; Wicks, E.C. & Woerner, J.L. (eds.)

Storm Surge Congress Analyzing risk and management of current and future storm surges (on behalf the Institute for Coastal Research – GKSS Research Centre, Geesthacht).

IAN Press, Cambridge.

Barriers in the Science-Policy-Practice Interface: Toward a KnowledgeAction-System in Global Environmental Change Research

Weichselgartner, J. & Kasperson, R.E. (2010).

Global Environmental Change 20 (2): 266-277.

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Urbanization and Global Environmental Change Project “2010 was an important year for UGEC. We had our 1st International UGEC Science and Practice Conference “Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainability in an Urbanizing World.’ The conference was an important step towards strengthening our scientific agenda and expanding our international networks.”

Prof. Roberto Sanchez-Rodriguez, Project CoChair International Project Office Hosted by the Global Institute of Sustainability at Arizona State University Michail Fragkias, Executive Officer Michail.Fragkias@asu.edu Corrie Griffith, Project Coordinator Corrie.Griffith@asu.edu www.ugec.org

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Today, more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. It is clear that urban areas hold the key to many of the global environmental change (GEC) challenges they now face; the interactions of urban areas with environmental change raise important issues that have only recently started to receive increased attention. The IHDP Urbanization and Global Environmental Change project (UGEC) seeks to provide a better understanding of the interactions between GEC and urbanization at the local, regional, and global scales. To capture the benefits of urbanization, mitigate and adapt to negative environmental and socioeconomic impacts, a stronger collaboration between academics, political decision makers and practitioners is needed; the core project on urbanization is a leader in the development of innovative conceptual and methodological frameworks for this endeavor. UGEC has become a platform for the development of a coordinated network of professionals in this area of research. It facilitates co-operation within and among various world regions with respect to theories, models and methods, state policies and local initiatives related to Urbanization and GEC. As urbanization represents a topic of special policy relevance in today’s world, the UGEC represents an unrivaled opportunity for addressing critical issues of worldwide importance that have not received adequate attention so far.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights As interest on UGEC related research has grown, particularly on the theme of cities and climate change, the project has moved towards the organization of highly visible synthesis activities, such as holding a special session within the World Urban Forum 5 on the theme of “Urban Responses to Climate Change and Sustainable Urban Development in Latin America”, and the ICLEI “1st World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to Climate Change” by hosting a panel on “Synthesizing Recent Advances in Cross-Regional Knowledge on Urban Responses to Climate Change, A Dialogue”. As the project is now into its second stage, the main focus in 2010 was the organization of the 1st International Conference on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change. The conference created a space for meetings and discussions between international scholars and practitioners who work at the interface of urban areas and GEC. It proved to be a critical event for the project as it allowed for an assessment and a strengthening of the UGEC community and provided a greater understanding of how to best move forward strategically. The UGEC 2010 conference was critical for stocktaking and the dissemination of new research to the wider community, influencing the international research agenda in the years to come. Of notable interest during the conference were the “Special Panel on UGEC research and the 2014 IPCC 5th Assessment Report (AR5)”, as well as the networking event “Modeling and Forecasting Urban Land-Use Change: An Earth System Science Perspective” – the first phase of a two-part international workshop that will materialize in April 2011. Important publications that were produced over the year are highlighted in the next pages.

INSIGHT 2010

Key Questions 2011

Through the hosting of the 1st International Conference on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change, UGEC showcased the successful formation of a committed science and practice community, which has ultimately led to greater visibility of the project internationally, and will become a stepping stone for an increased capacity to strengthen networks around the globe, and independently from the UGEC IPO.

How can alternative perspectives and agendas for sustainability allow for broader conceptualizations that explicitly include urban areas and urbanization processes? What are the most significant opportunities to develop triple-win solutions and strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation and urban development?

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

The project is continuously developing a network of affiliates who will provide a broader diversity of scientific and practical expertise in various disciplines. Currently, there are twelve UGEC associates actively participating in, proposing, or leading UGEC activities, which include: developing regional and thematic research networks; co-authoring scoping reports and other publications; engaging in outreach and synthesis activities; coordinating and convening panels and workshops; seeking funding for UGEC-related research and activities; reporting on UGEC activities and their own UGEC-related research at international conferences; cultivating partnerships with research and practitioner communities and organizations; mentoring young or newly emerging scholars in UGEC-related research; and leading training workshops.

UGEC undertakes a variety of activities including publications, workshops and conference sessions, bringing together policymakers, practitioners, urban planners, and other professionals.

2010 featured the “Urban Responses to Climate Change and Sustainable Urban Development in Latin America” workshop, the “International Conference on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change: Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainability in an Urbanizing World”, and the “IAIECLAC Training Institute on Urban Responses to Climate Change: Politics, Strategies and Instruments for Latin America and the Caribbean”. Participants came from ministries of the environment, municipal and regional governments, universities, research centers, international organizations, development banks and technical cooperation agencies.

The project offers communication tools such as listservs, an electronic newsletter and a website to alert researchers to funding opportunities and other benefits of joining the network. The project’s e-newsletter was established in February 2007 and has been circulating bimonthly since.

These tools alert scholars and practitioners to various opportunities and present the results of their research.

In addition, they will promote the goal of a dynamic IPO, ensuring the flow of information among the UGEC SSC, IHDP and its core projects, and the wider global environmental change research community.

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Key Events

The New Geography of Contemporary Urbanization and the Environment

May 28-30, 2010, Bonn, Germany

October 17, 2010, Tempe, Arizona USA

Synthesizing Recent Advances in Cross-regional Knowledge on Urban Responses to Climate Change, A Dialogue At the ICLEI ‘1st World Congress on Cities and Adaptation to Climate Change’.

Modeling and Forecasting Urban Land-Use Change: An Earth System Science Perspective A joint parallel workshop with “Urban Remote Sensing: State-ofthe-art”.

1-8 October, 2010, Bogota, Colombia

Urban Responses to Climate Change: Politics, Strategies and Instruments for Latin America and the Caribbean IAI-ECLAC Training Institute

Seto K, Sánchez-Rodríguez R, Fragkias M. (2010). Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 35, 167-194.

Adapting Urban Areas in Africa to Climate Change: The Case of Kampala

Shuaib Lwasa, (2010). Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2(3), 166-171.

The Impact of Urbanization on Current and Future Coastal Precipitation: A Case Study for Houston

JM Shepherd, M Carter, Manyin M, et al.

(2010). Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 37(2), 284-304.

Urbanizing the Global Environmental Change and Human Security Agendas Simon, David and Hayley Leck. (2010). Climate and Development, 2(3), 263–275. doi: 10.3763/cdev.2010.0051.

‘Cities and Regions Faced with Climate Change: Challenges and Instruments for Adaptation.’

November 1-6, 2010, Santiago, Chile

October 15-17, 2010, Tempe, Arizona USA

International Conference on Urbanization and Global Environmental Change: Opportunities and Challenges for Sustainability in an Urbanizing World.

Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Disaster Risk Reduction in Cities Solecki W. and R. Leichenko, 2011. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability.

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Joint Projects

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

GCP

GECAFS

GECHH

GWSP

Global Carbon Project

Global Environmental Change & Food Systems Project

Global Environmental Change & Human Health Project

Global Water System Project

A framework for better understanding and management of the global carbon cycle

Improving food security in the face of global environmental change

Towards global human health and well-being in a changing environment

Studying human impact on the global water cycle and options for sustainable water management

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Global Carbon Project

“It’s been an exciting year for the GCP - CO2 emissions are up for fossil fuel and down for land use change, and lots of papers have been published arguing for and against the response of the CO2 sinks to recent climate change.”

Prof. Corinne Le Quéré, Project Co-chair

International Project Office Pep Canadell, Executive Director

The Global Carbon Project (GCP) integrates atmospheric, oceanic, terrestrial and human dimension components of the carbon-climate-human system. The project aims to develop a complete picture of the global carbon cycle, including both its biophysical and human dimensions as well as interactions and feedbacks. Some of the high profile activities of GCP are the annual release of Global Carbon Budget updates, the Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes (RECCAP), vulnerability of carbon pools (e.g. permafrost), and the Urban and Regional Carbon Management (URCM). The project has finished its first ten years and is looking forward to the next phase.

It has published special issues in two journals in 2010 and a number of high profile papers including its global CO2 budget in “Nature Geoscience”. GCP is emphasizing more regional activity (e.g. RECCAP) in addition to its global work, and has published a brochure summarizing the outcomes of recent activities. Furthermore, the project has outlined an emerging carbon cycle research agenda in the journal “COSUST” as a base for GCP’s evolving research agenda for the next phase.

pep.canadell@csiro.au Shobhakar Dhakal, Executive Director shobhakar.dhakal@nies.go.jp www.globalcarbonproject.org

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

Insight 2010

Key Questions 2011

A number of major findings emerged from the analysis of the recent trends in the global carbon cycle. In 2009, fossil fuel emissions were the second highest in human history (30.8 billion tons of CO2, just below the 2008 emissions) while the economic downturn of 2009 has translated in a smaller than expected reduction of global fossil fuel emissions (only 1.3% of anticipated 2.8%). This was caused by a lower than expected decrease in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the slower improvement of the carbon intensity of the global economy (fossil fuel emissions per unit of GDP). In addition, emerging economies continued their GDP expansion (e.g. +9.1% for China) which pulled up the 2009 global GDP figure. The total decrease (1.3%) hides large regional variations: Japan -11.8%, USA -6.9%, UK -8.6%, Germany -7%, Russia -8.4%, while emerging economies recorded substantial increases in their total emissions, China +8%, India +6.2% and South Korea +1.4%. The CO2 emissions from Land Use Change (LUC) have been revised down based on new data released on forest cover and land use by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). Reduced tropical deforestation and increased forest regrowth in temperate regions resulted in a real decline in CO2 emissions in the land use change sector.

GCP has successfully published several high level synthesis products, the annual Global Carbon Budget as well as an article in Nature Geosciences that attracted significant attention from the scientific, policy, and media communities. The Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes synthesis is in full progression involving 130 lead authors for all land and ocean regions of the planet.

• What are the trends and patterns of global and regional CO2 and CH4 budgets?

• How big and vulnerable are the Earth’s carbon reservoirs?

• What are potentials and opportunities for global carbon mitigation to achieve atmospheric CO2 stabilization?

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Capacity Development GCP’s RECCAP was instrumental in building capacity for young scientists from different world regions by providing an opportunity to work closely in high level syntheses with top scientists in the field. GCP also organized the APN-funded capacity building workshop ‘Carbon Governance in Asia: Bridging Scales and Disciplines’ for Asia-Pacific young researchers through the collaborative efforts of GCP, the Earth System Governance Project and UNU-IAS. 15 early-career researchers were selected to take part and mentored by senior scholars. The workshop provided a platform for interaction with actual policymakers on approaches towards sound carbon governance and developing low carbon societies in Asia. GCP has been contributing to capacity building by inviting students, post-docs and researchers from developing countries to present and interact in its meetings, workshops and symposiums. It further maintains a close communication with START and contributes to capacity building activities developed by other partner programs.

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Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

GCP’s annual Global Carbon Budget has now clearly become an established source of data delivered in a format accessible to policy makers and relevant to current debates on the size of the human perturbation and the magnitude of climate change.

The data is commonly quoted by policy, governments and UN processes including the recent UNFCCC COP. GCP has contributed to UNFCCC’s COP side-events in Cancún on requests from SBSTA and ESSP to communicate with policymakers. In addition, GCP has been organizing a series of science-policy symposiums on urban carbon issues since 2008.

GCP published a brochure to disseminate the key accomplishments of GCP’s past ten years of activity.

Several press releases were published by GCP on its key activities, such as global carbon budgets and other GCP products. Global carbon budget, in particular, has garnered intense international media interest with major international and national media carrying it. GCP also provides a suit of scientific material on the carbon cycle and its management on its website including power point slides of events organized for the benefit of the broader community, which are heavily downloaded and used. The 2010 media release of the budget hosted on the GCP website attracted a spike of over 10,000 downloads within the first three weeks.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Interactions of the Carbon Cycle, Human Activity, and the Climate System: A Research Portfolio

Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Dhakal, S., Dolman, H., Friedlingstein P., Gurney, K.R., Held A., Jackson, R.B., Le Quéré, C., Malone, E.L., Ojima, D.S., Patwardhan, A., Peters, G.P., Raupach, M.R., 2010. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2: 301-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j. cosust.2010.08.003].

Update on CO2 Emissions

Friedlingstein, P., Houghton, R.A., Marland, G., Hackler, J., Boden, T.A., Conway, T.J., Canadell, J.G., Raupach, M.R., Ciais, P., Le Quéré, C., 2010. Nature Geoscience 3: 811-812. [doi: 10.1038/ngeo_1022].

An International Carbon Office to Assist Policy-based Science

Le Quéré, C., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Dhakal, S., Patwardhan, A., Raupach, M.R., Oran, R., Young, O.R., 2010. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 2: 1-4. [doi: 10.1016/j. cosust.2010.06.010].

Key Events

Quantifying and Ranking Vulnerabilities in the Carbon-Climate-Human System.

10-11 March 2011, IIASA, Laxenberg, Austria

GEO Carbon Strategy

1-3 November 2010, Yokohama, Japan

Raupach, R.M., Canadell, J.G., Ciais P., Friedlingstein P., Rayner P.J., 2010.Tellus (in press).

Ciais, P., Dolman, A.J., Dargaville, R., Barrie, L., Bombelli, A., Butler, J., Canadell, J., Moriyama, T., 2010. Geo Secretariat Geneva/FAO, Rome, 48 pp.

Workshop on urban energy and carbon modeling A joint workshop by GCP and IIASA. Capacity Building Workshop on Carbon Governance in Asia: Bridging Scales and Disciplines 7-9 November 2010,Tokyo, Japan

Sessions on urban metabolism, ISIE ConAccount and ISIE Asia/Pacific Conference At the International Society of Industrial Ecology.

6-8 September 2010, Worcester College, Oxford, UK

2nd Workshop: Carbon from Space 6-8 October 2010, Viterbo, Italy

COCOS-RECCAP, “Regional Carbon Cycle Assessment on Land and Oceans”

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Global Environmental Change and Food Systems Project “2010 was an important transition year.

We published our synthesis volume and worked with stakeholders to develop exciting new initiatives such as a partnership between Earth System scientists and the international agricultural research centers. With the recent increases in food prices, 2010 highlighted the importance of work on food systems and environmental change such as the

The ESSP Joint Project “Global Environmental Change and Food Systems” (GECAFS) was launched in 2001 to determine strategies to cope with the impacts of GEC on food systems and to assess the environmental and socioeconomic consequences of adaptive responses aimed at improving food security. In addition to setting a comprehensive, interdisciplinary GEC research agenda on the links between the environment and food security, GECAFS established, from the outset, formal research partnerships with three international organisations concerned with GEC, food and agriculture: the Consultative Group on International Agriculture Research (CGIAR); the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO); and the UN World Meteorological Organisation (WMO).

research done by GECAFS.” Prof. Diana Liverman, Project Chair International Project Office Hosted by University of Oxford Centre for the Environment John Ingram, Executive Officer john.ingram@eci.ox.ac.uk www.gecafs.org

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Scientific Highlights

INSIGHT 2010

Key Question 2011

With GECAFS coming to a close at the end of March 2011, the project’s science highlight in 2010 was the preparation of its synthesis.

The most important result for GECAFS has been the publication of the GECAFS Synthesis “Food Security and Global Environmental Change” by John Ingram, Polly Ericksen & Diana Liverman (eds.), Earthscan, 2010.

How can food systems be adapted to global environmental change to enhance food security while minimizing negative environmental impacts?

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

The project has organized CCAFS (CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security) Scenarios Workshops for East Africa, West Africa and the Indo-Gangetic Plains and joint workshops with the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) in preparation for a joint activity in 2011.

There has been ongoing interaction with many policymakers in the UK, Europe and internationally on food system developments and on CCAFS scenarios activities. In addition, the project has prepared a UNEP/UNESCO/SCOPE Science Policy Brief #12 on the issues of “Global Environmental Change and Food Security�.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Selected Publications

Key Events

Food Security and Global Environmental Change.

April 2010

Edited by John Ingram, Polly Ericksen and Diana Liverman. Earthscan. 2010.

Food Access in a Changing Climate Defra, London. 2010.White, R., Stewart, B., O’Neill, P.

Global Environmental Change and Food Security

UNESCO-SCOPE-UNEP Policy Brief Series - No. 12. October 2010, J.S.I. Ingram.

Adapting to Climate Change to Sustain Food Security Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 2010. Ziervogel, G. and P. Ericksen.

Future of Food High level seminar in London with finance and retail sectors.

May 2010

CCAFS Scenarios Launch of the CCAFS scenarios activity.

September 2010

Foods Systems and Planetary Boundaries Balaton Group workshop.

October 2010

GECAFS IAI planning Planning workshop for GECAFSstyle project in the Rio Plata basin.

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Global Environmental Change and Human Health Project “In 2010, GECHH opened its International Project Office at the United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH) in Canada, organized its first Symposium “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protecting Water Quality”, and participated in science–policy processes on the water–health nexus.”

Dr. Lucilla Spini, Executive Officer

International Project Office

Global Environmental Change and Human Health (GECHH) is the fourth joint project within the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). It is being developed as a logical complement to the three ongoing ESSP projects. Those three projects address the global carbon cycle (Global Carbon Project, GCP), the global water system (Global Water System Project, GWSP), and food systems (Global Environmental Change and Food Systems, GECAFS). Changes in each of those three systems influence, via diverse pathways, human wellbeing and health. The GECHH Project has identified a set of key types of global environmental changes that are known or suspected to have significant consequences for human health. The evolving Science Plan explores priorities and settings for the future coordinated international study of these relationships, taking into account the complexities of concurrently acting environmental changes and the importance of socioeconomic and cultural contexts as modifiers of human vulnerability.

Hosted by United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH) Dr. Lucilla Spini, Executive Officer spinil@inweh.unu.edu www.gechh.unu.edu

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights

INSIGHT 2010

Key Question 2011

In 2010, GECHH scientific activities included convening, in partnership with United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), the GECHH 2010 Symposium “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protecting Water Quality” - the inaugural symposium of a series which aims at catalyzing dialogue across different disciplines and countries, optimizing research efforts on global environmental change and human health, and translating key research outcomes into policies and interventions. The symposium’s follow-up activities – including a COSUST Section (December 2011) dedicated to the water/health nexus from a global change perspective – are shaping further scientific activities and creating new research networks. It is also important to highlight the work related to the development of the IHDP Update Issue dedicated to “Global Environmental Change and Human Health”, as well as GECHH participation in international conferences and meetings, such as in the Global Catchment Initiative 2010 Conference “The Global Dimensions of Change in River Basins - Threats, Linkages and Adaptation”, organized by the GWSP Joint Project.

In 2010, GECHH focused on the impacts of GEC on human health through water quality, as reflected by the GECHH 2010 Symposium, in partnership with UNU-INWEH, “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protecting Water Quality”.

In 2011, GECHH will concentrate on the impacts of GEC on human health within the framework of forest ecosystem goods and services, also within the framework of the International Year of Forests.

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

GECHH places particular importance on the implementation of training and capacity-building activities, especially targeted to young scientists in developing countries, with the ultimate long-term goal of generating a critical mass of professionals, who are able to develop research on the health impacts of GEC. In this context, GECHH was co-sponsor of the 2nd International Student Training Workshop on Health and Environmental Change, hosted by the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In order to provide additional capacity building opportunitto the host country, GECHH opened its 2010 Symposium to selected graduate students from nearby McMaster University’s Department of Geography and the UNUINWEH/McMaster “Water Without Borders” programme.

In 2010, the project developed the GECHH Summary for Policymakers and has contributed to ESSP coordinated inputs to the UNFCCC/SBSTA sessions. Furthermore, GECHH has established dialogues with the following science/policy fora: • UN-Water, through UNU-INWEH (currently Chair of UNWater).

• the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands: GECHH/UNU-INWEH linkages with the STRP Thematic Area “Wetlands and Human Health”.

• UNECE/WHO (EURO) Protocol on Water and Health: side-event and official statement at MOP-2 (November 2010), and linkages with relevant Tasks Forces (e.g., Task Force on Extreme Weather Events).

In its first year of implementation, GECHH has placed particular attention on outreach and awarenessraising activities. In particular, to the development and launch of the GECHH website including the GECHH News Note and a Summary for Policymakers, and the finalization of awareness-raising material, including a GECHH brochure developed in cooperation with IHDP. A series of presentations were delivered at international conferences, universities, and/or science/policy fora.

Website: http://www.gechh.unu.edu Brochure: http://www.gechh.unu. edu/GECHH_Brochure_web.pdf Presentation: http://www.gechh. unu.edu/index.html

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Selected Publication

Key Events

IHDP Update: Human Health and Global Environmental Change Questions about the links between global change, human health, and the environment have become critical to the well-being of humankind. It has become increasingly apparent that the IHDP community has a key role to play in addressing health as a cross-cutting issue. Edited by Thomas Krafft, Mark Rosenberg, Gabriela Litre and Lucilla Spini, this Update brings together contributions from GECHH project researchers and the wider IHDP community.

31 Oct – 2 Nov 2010, Hamilton, Canada

24 Nov 2010, Bucharest, Romania

GECHH 2010 Symposium in partnership with UNU-INWEH “Global Environmental Change and Human Health: Protecting Water Quality” The Symposium gathered experts in the human-health/water nexus to discuss state-of-the-science knowledge, and to identify gaps in the research landscape.

The Science-Policy Bridge for a Changing Climate: Water, Health, Diseases A side event, jointly organized by GECHH and UNU-INWEH at the Second Session of the Meeting of the Parties (MOP-2) to the Protocol on Water and Health, as a knowledgesharing opportunity to inform Parties on current policy-relevant research on the impact of climate change on water-related diseases and to foster bridges between the research and the policy communities.

International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP) 2011.

Human Health and Global Environmental Change. IHDP Update, Issue 1. IHDP Secretariat: Bonn, Germany.

10-16 Oct 2010, Beijing, China

Student Training Workshop on Health and Environmental Change in the Beijing-Tianjin Mega City Area Hosted by the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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Global Water System Project “Good and effective water governance is the key to a sustainable management of the Earth’s water resources. Getting there will still require major efforts from the science and policy communities.”

Dr. Claudia Pahl-Wostl, GWSP Chair

International Project Office

The ESSP joint Global Water System Project (GWSP) was launched in 2004 to foster understanding of how human actions are changing the global water system and what environmental and socio-economic feedbacks arise from the anthropogenic changes in the global water system.

This includes a strong interest in the resilience and vulnerability of patterns of human use of freshwater and in the role of governance systems in managing the resultant activities in a manner that enhances resilience even in the face of occurrences like substantial inter-annual variability in flows of water resources. The core programme of GWSP is formulated and implemented in three integrative study areas (ISA): the Global Scale, the Global Catchment and the Global Water Needs initiatives. The project addresses Global Water Governance, indicator development and integrated issues like water and migration.

It aims at collaborative activities with other joint ESSP projects like GECHH. Research and scientific activities and events are targeted towards the production of scientifically outstanding and highly policy-relevant results.

Hosted by the University of Bonn Prof. Dr. Janos Bogardi, Executive Officer jbogardi@uni-bonn.de; gwsp.ipo@uni-bonn.de www.gwsp.org

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights The Global Catchment Initiative was one of the most active components during 2010, concluding the first phase of a questionnaire-based assessment of global change impacts and connectivity of large river basins. Within this integrated study area, a three-day workshop was held in the beginning of the year, titled “Global Aspects of Water Research and Management in Large River Basins”, attended by 25 experts. In addition, the international conference “The Global Dimensions of Change in River Basins: Threats, Linkages and Adaptation”, held in December, was attended by 120 participants.

During the observation of World Water Day 2010, “Clean Water for a Healthy World”, at the headquarters of the United Nations Environment Programme in Nairobi, GWSP co-organized a Science Panel attended by 400 people, participated in a training workshop of journalists (80 participants) and issued a Scientific Communiqué on Water Quality Challenges and Responses.

In September, the journal “Nature” published as its cover story the paper “Global threat to human water security and river biodiversity” authored by GWSP co-chair Charles Vörösmarty et al. – a joint GWSP-DIVERSITAS endeavor, resulting in a publicity echo that exceeded 200 citations in print, voice and electronic media.

A further highlight was a workshop organized by the Global Water Governance initiative on “Global water governance and the UN system” that took place in Bonn in October. The workshop initiated the preparation of articles for a special issue of the journal “Ecology and Society”.

Insight 2010

Key Question 2011

Contrary to the principles, practice and beliefs encapsulated in “Integrated Water Resources Management” (IWRM), river basins are not always the most appropriate reference area for sustainable resource management due to global scale connectivity between river basins and the strong influence of economic space and political jurisdictions on water use and governance. The “Nature” article revealed the serious threat on river biodiversity due to the significant technological interventions implemented in developed countries in their efforts to improve human water security.

The role of water within global environmental change should be explored not only within the water sector; it should also consider water and the hydrological cycle as crucial components of many economic sectors and environmental processes.

How can the scope of global water research be extended to strengthen the incorporation of water quality aspects into integrated concepts?

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

GWSP scientists and the IPO are very active and often invited to present lectures to graduate students, as well as to the interested public, on topics related to, and results generated by, the project. In 2010, the IPO alone organized or was invited to a dozen of these events. Altogether, these presentations attracted about 500 people. GWSP results are quickly finding their way into graduate curricula in universities, where scientists associated with GWSP teach. Highlight events included an interdisciplinary graduate lecture at RWTH Aachen University, on “Sustainability of Present Water Use Patterns: Future in a Changing World” and an orientation presentation for local and international journalists, given during the UN World Water Day in March.

With regard to its science-policy interaction, GWSP was actively involved in a project led by the University of Osnabrück to identify future trends and research needs in water management. Also, the IPO of GWSP took part in the preparation of the German national “Water Science Horizon” conference and participated in the compilation of the Water Science Alliance White Paper, aiming to redefine the water research priorities for the coming decade. The donor ministries use the conference and its outcome document to focus their funding policies accordingly. Moreover, there was active involvement in the ICSU-ISSC-led visioning process yielding the “Earth System Science for Global Sustainability: The Grand Challenges”. GWSP contributions were sent to the ESSP presentations in Cancún’s UNFCCC COP side event.

Following the publication of the article “Global threats to human water security and river biodiversity” in “Nature”, DIVERSITAS, ESSP and GWSP jointly orchestrated a media campaign including a press release, notification of news agencies, and organizing interviews, yielding more than two hundred press citations, radio, television and web news. The project’s IPO was invited to hold a keynote lecture at the opening of the water lecture series organized jointly by the Catholic Academy of the Diocese Dresden-Meissen and the University of Technology in Dresden, Germany. Together with its partner institutions UNU-EHS, University of Bonn ZEF and the UN Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development, organizes regular public lectures on water in Bonn.

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Selected PUBLications

Global Threats to Human Water Security and River Biodiversity

C.J. Vörösmarty, P.B. McIntyre, M.O. Gessner, D. Dudgeon, A. Prusevich, P.Green, S. Glidden, S.E. Bunn, C.A. Sullivan, C. Reidy Liermann, P. M. Davies Nature, Vol 467: 555-561

Reconstructing 20th Century Global Hydrography: A Contribution to the Global Terrestrial Network- Hydrology (GTN-H) Wisser, D; Fekete, BM; Vorosmarty, CJ; Schumann, AH

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 14 (1): 1-24 2010

Future Change of Climate in South America in the Late Twenty-first Century: Intercomparison of Scenarios from Three Regional Climate Models

Marengo, JA; Ambrizzi, T; da Rocha, RP; Alves, LM; Cuadra, SV; Valverde, MC; Torres, RR; Santos, DC ; Ferraz, SET Climate Dynamics, 35 (6)1089-1113 Nov 2010

Key Events

Applying the Input-Output Method to Account for Water Footprint and Virtual Water Trade in the Haihe River Basin in China

Zhao, X; Yang, H; Yang, ZF; Chen, B; Qin, Y; Environmental Science & Technology, 44 (23): 9150-9156 Dec 1 2010

Special Issue “Comparative Analyses of River Basin Governance” 10:4.

Pahl-Wostl, C; Ross, A. Regional Environmental Change 10:4.

March 2010

All about water-quality Panel discussion, moderated by GWSP IPO and press presentation.

Bonn, Germany, June 2010

New Worlds of Water Invited lecture by Margaret CatleyCarlson, member of the UNSGAB on Water in the monthly water lecture series.

Dresden, Germany, October 2010

A global resource with global challenges: water in focus of the United Nations Opening keynote lecture of the lecture Series on Water.

Bonn, Germany, February 2010

Greening the Global Water Cycle Invited lecture by Holger Hoff, PIK & SEI In the monthly water lecture series.

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Project Initiative KLSC Knowledge Learning & Societal Change Initiative

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Knowledge, Learning and Societal Change Initiative The Knowledge, Learning, and Societal Change Initiative: Finding Paths To A Sustainable Future (KLSC) project of IHDP aims to better understand and explain the interplay between actions, knowledge, and learning, so that steps can be taken to help societies move in more sustainable directions. The mission of the KLSC project is to contribute toward building a sustainable future by identifying, understanding, and enabling the effective use of the mechanisms and levers of behavioral and societal change and adaptation that are linked with knowledge production and learning processes. This will be achieved through the combined efforts of a collaborative community of researchers, practitioners, and stakeholders working at multiple temporal and spatial scales. The project will focus on the issues of addressing climate change, stemming biodiversity loss, and increasing equity in resource allocation.

Project status

Scientific Planning Committee

In Bonn in September 2010, a draft science plan was presented to the scientific committee (SC) and discussed. The SC endorsed the idea that KLSC be considered a core project with a cross-cutting perspective. During the fall of 2010, the science plan was revised in light of the many helpful comments from the SC. A new draft science plan has been submitted to the IHDP Secretariat for external review.

• Ilan Chabay, Co-chair • Miranda Schreurs, Co-chair • Ariane Berthoin Antal • Kevin Collins • Peter M. Haas • Anand Patwardhan • Bernd Siebenhüner • Falk Schmidt • Josee van Eijndhoven • Jin Wang

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Global Network National Committees Argentina Bolivia Bulgaria China Japan Kenya Mexico Nepal Nigeria Russia

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Spain Switzerland IHDP National Committee: The Academy of Sciences located in Taipei United Kingdom USA

National Contact Points Bangladesh Belarus Cameroon Canada Chile Costa Rica Czech Republic Ecuador Georgia Ghana

Guatemala India Indonesia Italy Malaysia Portugal Republic of South Africa Slovakia Tanzania

Global Change Committees Austria Botswana Brazil D.R. Congo Finland France Germany

Netherlands New Zealand Norway Romania Thailand Vietnam

IHDP Annual Report 2010

National Committees When working on a global scale, it is important to incorporate local and regional needs and perspectives. IHDP has set up a global network of national committees, contact points, and global change committees to cover these needs. These entities are organised groups of researchers acting as focal points for IHDP within their respective countries.

Most are in developing countries, bridging the North-South divide. They raise the visibility and capacity of the human dimensions research community and incorporate funding agencies, NGOs and decision-making communities into our activities. They set research priorities and foci, establish links to our projects, and contribute to the regional and global body of knowledge and research on these issues.

Members provide the substantial contributions needed to complete IHDP’s global research agenda.

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Sponsored Research Networks & Strategic Partners

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

MRI

PERN

START

Mountain Research Institute

Population Environment Research Network

The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research &Training

Fostering research on global changes in mountain regions

Advancing research on population and the environment by promoting online scientific exchange

Enhancing scientific capacity for global change in developing countries

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Mountain Research Initiative

International Project Office Hosted by Institute of Geography, University of Bern Dr. Gregory B. Greenwood, Executive Director green@giub.unibe.ch http://mri.scnatweb.ch

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Mountain regions occupy about one fourth of the Earth’s surface and provide goods and services to about half of humanity. However, the future ability of mountain regions to provide goods and services to both highland and lowland residents is seriously threatened by climatic changes, environmental pollution, unsustainable management of natural resources, and serious gaps in understanding of mountain systems. Disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary research is required to maintain these goods and services in the face of these forces. The global mountain research community, however, has historically operated at a suboptimal level because of insufficient communication across geographic and linguistic barriers, less than desirable coordination of research frameworks, and a lack of funding. To overcome these constraints, the Mountain Research Initiative (MRI) was implemented, aiming to detect signals of global environmental change in mountain environments, to define the consequences of global environmental change for mountain regions as well as lowland systems dependent on mountain resources (highland-lowland interactions), and to make proposals towards sustainable land, water and resource management for mountain regions at local to regional scales.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Scientific Highlights With the Centre for Mountain Studies, Perth College, Scotland, MRI organized the Perth 2010 conference on Global Change and the World’s Mountains . This conference, held in Perth Scotland from 26 to 30 September 2010, is the major scientific conference for global change in mountain regions research community. This edition of the conference attracted nearly 500 participants, almost double the number who participated in the first Perth Conference in 2005, Mountain Regions. The conference will publish approximately 400 extended abstracts, and, unlike other meetings such as the AGU, includes a participatory process for highlighting emerging research trends.

MRI continued its growing collaboration with the Third Pole Environment project of the Chinese Academy of Science. MRI co-authored a report to EOS on the first workshop and submitted a presentation for the second meeting scheduled from 26-28 October 2010 in Kathmandu. MRI recorded presentations from two major conferences, the Second International Workshop on Energy and Water Cycle over the Tibetan Plateau and High Elevations, and the Fourth International Workshop on Catchment-Scale Hydrological Monitoring and Data Assimilation held in Lhasa, Tibet China from 19 to 23 July 2010. Finally MRI drafted a proposal to the Chinese Academy of Science to create an interdisciplinary approach to Third Pole research, which was approved and began in October 2010.

Insight 2010

Key Question 2011

The main themes emerging from the “Global Change and the World’s Mountains” conference, that hosted 450 researchers from 60 countries, were long-term monitoring of the environment, nature and role of ecosystem services provided by mountains, the role of human agency in shaping mountain environments, and the need for better communication within the discussion on sustainable mountain development.

Key questions focused on: mountains in the context of the Rio+20 conference and the on-going UNFCCC COPs; mountain ecosystem services; coupled human-earth systems; urbanization; the impacts of changes in mountain cryosphere; changes in mountain climates; and armed violence in mountains.

mri mountain research initiative

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Capacity Development

Science-Policy Interaction

Outreach

MRI organizes Key Contact Workshops to coincide with major scientific meetings to allow for exchange among researchers on the issue of global change in mountain regions.

In 2010, two Key Contacts Workshops were held, one in Vienna, Austria and one in Berkley, USA.

MRI collaborated with the Interacademic Commission on Alpine Research (ICAS) and several departments of the Swiss federal administration on a conference on Swiss participation in global mountain research. The conference, held in June, was successful and attracted over 70 participants from state secretariats and offices, NGOs, universities, and local authorities.

Furthermore, MRI participated in the reform of the Mountain Partnership and the Mountain Forum, led by the Italian and Swiss governments, through participating in meetings in Interlaken and Rome, as well as by drafting language on strategic direction in May and June 2010.

This process is currently aiming at the UNCED Rio+20 Conference in May 2012 and on-going COPS of the UNFCCC, UNCBD and UNCD.

In 2010, MRI began its work on Mountain Sustainable Development – “Transforming Research Into Practice” (mountain.TRIP), the EU Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) Support Project. MRI had been the initiator of the project and is now part of a consortium of six European partners, namely the Institute for Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Euromontana (Brussels), Ecologic (Berlin and Brussels), the Centre for Mountain Studies (CMS) at Perth College (Perth, UK), and Jagiellonian University (Krakow).

The goal of mountain.TRIP is to render EU-funded mountain relevant research results available to practitioners in forms that they can easily access and use. MRI is responsible for work package 6 (WP6), Product Development, but has also contributed to the work packages 1-4.

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Selected Publications

Special Issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences: Climate Change and Water Resources Management in Mountains Sustainability of Water Resources Management in the Indus Basin under Changing Climatic and SocioEconomic Conditions

Archer, D.R., N. Forsythe, H. J. Fowler, and S. M. Shah 2010. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1669-1680/ doi 10.5194/hess 14-1669-2010

Uncertainties in Climate Change Projections and Regional Downscaling in the Tropical Andes: Implications for Water Resources Management

Buytaert, W., M. Vuille, A. Dewulf, R. Urrutia, A. Karmalkar, and R. Célleri 2010. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1247-1258, 2010. doi:10.5194/ hess-14-1247-2010.

The Relevance of Glacier Melt in the Water Cycle of the Alps: An Example from Austria

Assessing Water Resources Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change Impacts in the Pacific Northwest Region of North America Hamlet, A.F. (in review). Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 7, 4437-4471, 2010. doi:10.5194/hessd-7-4437-2010

Water Resources Change in Response to Climate Change in Changjiang River Basin

Huang, Y., W. F. Yang, and L. Chen. (in review).

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 7, 31593188, 2010. doi:10.5194/hessd-7-3159-2010.

Impact of Climate Evolution and Land Use Changes on Water Yield in the Ebro Basin López-Moreno, J.I., S.M. Vicente-Serrano, E. Morán-Tejeda, J. Zabalza, J. Lorenzo-Lacruz, and J.M. García-Ruiz. (in review).

Special Issue of Food Security: Key Drivers of Food Security in Mountains

Climate Change and Mountain Water Resources: Overview and Recommendations for Research, Management and Politics.

Viviroli, D. R. Archer, W. Buytaert, H. J. Fowler, G. B. Greenwood, A. F. Hamlet, Y. Huang, G. Koboltschnig, M. I. Litaor, J. I. López-Moreno, S. Lorentz, B. Schädler, K. Schwaiger, M. Vuille, and R. Woods. (in review).

Science Networks for Global Change in Mountain Regions: The Mountain Research Initiative Björnsen Gurung, A. 2010. In: Georgi Zhelezov (ed.), Sustainable Development in Mountain Regions: Southeastern Europe. Springer, Dordrecht. (forthcoming).

Alpine Knowledge Gardening: Research Network for the Advancement of Science and Development Björnsen Gurung, A. 2010. In: Borsdorf, A., G. Grabherr, K. Heinrich, B. Scott and J. Stötter (eds.): Challenges for Mountain Regions – Tackling Complexity. Vienna: Böhlau.

Koboltschnig, G.R. and W. Schöner. (in review).

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Population-Environment Research Network “2010 was a great year for PERN because we reached over 1500 active members, and the activities organized by PERN’s professional staff were a great success. In addition, the scientific journal Population and Environment published a special issue in December including contributions of distinguished scholars, co-edited by Susana Adamo and myself.”

Dr. Haydea Izazola, Network Chair Network Coordinators: Dr. Susana Adamo, sadamo@ciesin.columbia.edu

The Population-Environment Research Network (PERN) is an academic network that seeks to advance research on population and the environment by promoting scientific exchange among researchers from social and natural science disciplines worldwide. Launched in 2001, it is a joint initiative of the IHDP and the International Union for Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP). PERN’s main objective is to contribute to sustainable development by improving dialogue and facilitating communication between stakeholders in the area of population-environment interactions.

It accomplishes this objective hosting cyber seminars on important topics and by consolidating the growing and diverse body of research on population-environment interactions in an online electronic library. Through its website, PERN also strengthens the community of population-environment experts, which is spread across many different disciplines, and communicates in diverse circles. The main target audience is academic researchers, but experts at international agencies, NGOs, advocacy organizations, governmental agencies, and private firms are also involved in PERN activities.

Mr. Alex de Sherbinin adesherbinin@ciesin.columbia.edu http://www.populationenvironmentresearch.org

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Scientific Highlights

Scientific Development

PERN is planning to submit a paper based on the results of the February 2009 cyber seminar on “Theoretical and Methodological Issues in the Analysis of Population Dynamics and the Environment“ to a major journal.

PERN has periodic Steering Committee (SC) electronic meetings during which plans for the coming year are set. The latest meeting took place in January 2011. There is no strategic plan, per se, but the SC provides guidance on areas that are of current interest to the larger research community.

Capacity Development PERN has conducted periodic seminars in data integration using geographic information systems, and is able to organize them on request.

Outreach PERN generally brings fliers to conferences such as the IHDP Open Meeting, the IUSSP International Population Conferences, and the Population Association of American Annual Meetings.

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Insight 2010

Key Question 2011

Selected Publications

In May 2010 PERN organized a cyber seminar entitled “What are the remote sensing data needs of the population-environment research community?� Which was cosponsored by the NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC), which supports the PERN website, and the Group on Earth Observations (GEO). The cyber seminar helped demonstrate the many and varied applications of satellite remote sensing to population-environment research questions, ranging from land-use and land-cover change to urbanization and environmental health. It also highlighted the need for social scientists to have a place at the table when designing new remote sensing instruments.

The PERN coordinators and several members are examining the issue of displacement and resettlement from direct climate impacts and major adaptation and mitigation projects in response to climate change (e.g. dams, water transfer schemes, coastal defenses, biofuel plantations, etc.).

A Bellagio Conference on this topic was held in November 2010, and it is expected that a cyber seminar will take place in 2011. The question relates to what can be learned from past resettlement research that can be applied to potential future displacement and resettlement related to climate change.

Urban Population-Development-Environment Dynamics in the Developing World

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de Sherbinin, A., A. Rahman, A. Barbieri, J.C. Fotso, and Y. Zhu (eds.), 2009. CICRED, Paris France

Human Migration and the Environment

Adamo, S.B., H. Izazola, Population & Environment, Volume 32, Numbers 2-3 / December 2010, doi:10.1007/s11111-010-0130-0

IHDP Annual Report 2010

The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training, START

INTERNATIONAL

S T A R T SECRETARIAT International START Secretariat Dr. Hassan Virji, Executive Director START@start.org

The global change SysTem for Analysis, Research and Training, START, a strategic partner of the IHDP, advances knowledge on global environmental change in Africa, Asia and Oceania through promoting multidisciplinary research and assessments, global environmental change education, and communication of knowledge between science, policy, and practice. START builds capacity of both individuals and institutions through activities that include research grants and fellowships, curricula development, advanced training institutes, multi-stakeholder dialogues, knowledge assessment and synthesis, and place-based strategic planning to promote education and research. Through its projects and programs, START promotes the development and strengthening of research networks that operate within and across regions. START engages early- and mid-career scientists from developing countries and national/regional institutions in integrated, multidisciplinary research and assessments on issues of sustainable development related to the drivers of and responses to climate variability and change, disaster risk reduction, land-use/land-cover change, biodiversity conservation, urban development, human health, water resources management, agriculture and food security and regional climate modeling and climate services.

www.start.org

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Capacity Development

Selected Publications

“Global Environmental Changes in South Asia: A Regional Perspective”

Capacity Building for Biodiversity Conservation in the Albertine Rift

START: the global change SysTem for Analysis, Research & Training

Building Shared Understanding and Capacity for Action: Insights on Climate Risk Communication from the ACCCA Project

Edited by (late) A. P. Mitra and C. Sharma (2010), 356 pages.

Brochure for COP/UNFCCC

Communicating Climate Risks: Insights Gained through the ACCCA Project Brochure for COP/UNFCCC

Cities At Risk: Developing Adaptive Capacity for Climate Change in Asia’s Coastal Megacities Brochure for COP/UNFCC

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Brochure for COP/UNFCCC

Climate and Development, under review

All brochures, as well as a number of other START publications, are available on the START website at www.start.org.

Highlights from ongoing START initiatives include: • The African Climate Change Fellowship Program (ACCFP), which offers opportunities for experiential learning, education, research and training to African professionals, researchers, educators and graduate students. A total of 44 Fellows graduated from the first round of the program in December 2010.

• Biodiversity Conservation in a Changing Climate, an advanced education and training program targeted to biodiversity and conservation professionals in the Albertine Rift countries of East Africa • Collaboration with the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN), under which the International START Secretariat administered US-support for 17 APN research and capacity building projects during 2009/2010.

• Grants for GEC Research in Africa Program, under which 17 grants were awarded to teams of scientists from 13 African countries for work to be carried out in 2010. An additional 4 grants were awarded in late 2010 to support inter-disciplinary collaborative research.

• CORDEX-Africa, a partnership with WCRP, the Climate Systems Analysis Group at the University of Cape Town, the International Center for Theoretical Physics and the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute that aims to train a core group of African experts on analysis and interpretation of results from the Coordinated Regional climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) • Contributions to the Group on Earth Observations (GEO), including development of regional networks in developing countries to increase capacity to use earth observation data for regional and national needs.

IHDP Annual Report 2010

Science-Policy Interaction START acknowledges the critical importance of promoting GEC research and education as well as improved communication between communities of research, policy and practice. START, in partnership with the East-West Center and Ibaraki University, initiated the Cities at Risk program in 2009 that focuses on developing urban adaptive capacities and integrating science and policy in managing climate risks in Asia’s coastal megacities. In August 2010, the SEA-START Regional Research Center, in partnership with the International START Secretariat and the East West and with support from APN, hosted an intensive training session on “Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and Urban Development Planning for Asian Coastal Cities.� This effort consolidated five city-based cohorts (Bangkok, Jakarta,

Ho Chi Minh, Manila, and Mumbai) of academia, civil society and city administration representatives into collaborating teams that subsequently designed and/or implemented risk and vulnerability assessments for their respective cities.

In addition, START is collaborating with multiple partners to implement the Integrating Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Development Planning (CCMAP), a project to raise awareness among decision-makers in developing countries of the implications of climate change adaptation and mitigation issues for national policy, boost capability for research on vulnerability, climate change impacts and adaptation options in the context of developingcountry priorities, and disseminate knowledge on climate change to a broad range of stakeholders.

During 2010, START, in cooperation with its partners at the University of Dar es Salaam, University of Ghana and the Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies, conducted sciencepolicy dialogues in Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, Bangladesh, Senegal, Nepal, Bhutan, Rwanda and Burundi. Recommendations from the national dialogues have informed the design and development of regional assessments (to be carried out in 2011/2012) that seek to understand the current and changing role and relative importance of urban/peri-urban agriculture to urban food security. A major outcome of this continuing effort is enhanced capability in participating countries to engage in future international activities and dialogues, including those related to IPCC and UNFCCC. Additional information about these and other START initiatives is available at www.start.org.

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Photo: Evolutionary (flickr.com)

Numbers

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

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Budget and Finances

Income 2010

National Contributions 20.11%

NSF 20.17%

IHDP’s global research is driven by its core and joint projects and supported by the IHDP Secretariat. Together, the network accounted for a revenue income of 7.1 million USD, excluding IHDP’s annual contributions. The IHDP Secretariat recorded a core income of 1.05 million USD.

UNEP 9.50%

BMBF 32.45%

Photo: XXXX

Packard Foundation 8.93% APN 1.19% Other Sources 3.08% UNU (in-kind) 4.56%

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Donors and Partners 2010

Income 2010

USD

BMBF

$341,518

National Contributions

$211,583

NSF

$212,275

UNEP

$100,000

Packard Foundation

$94,000

APN

$12,506

Other Sources

$32,437

UNU (in-kind)

$48,000

TOTAL

$1,052,319

• Ministry for Education and Research, Germany • National Science Foundation, USA • Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, France • Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain • Royal Academy of Arts & Sciences, The Netherlands • Chinese National Committee for the International Human Dimensions Programme, China (Beijing) • The Research Council of Norway, Norway • Federal Ministry of Science and Research, Austria • Delegation of the Finnish Academies of Science and Letters, Finland • ICSU Regional Office for Africa, South Africa • The Swedish Secretariat for Environmental Earth System Sciences, Sweden • United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) • David and Lucile Packard Foundation • Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) • “Schweizerische Akademie der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften, Switzerland” • Academia Sinica, Taipei • International Social Science Council, (ISSC), UNESCO, France • International Council of Science (ICSU), France • United Nations University, Vice-Rectorate in Europe, Germany

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Expenses 2010

Project Funding USD

Science Management and Research Academic and Project Staff

$340,936

Grants to IHDP Core and Joint Projects

$96,665

New Scientific Projects and Initiatives

$92,573

Meetings, Conferences and Strategic Travel

$61,370

$591,544

Significant funding for IHDP’s projects in 2010 included, among others, contributions from host and other research/national institutions, as well as members of the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). Combined core, joint and initiative project funding was estimated at 6.05 million USD, excluding incomes received from IHDP.

Communications, Publications, and Outreach Communications Staff Publications and Other Communication Tools

$44,376 $5,777 $50,153

Management and Programme Support Management and Programme Support Staff General Office Costs

$192,720 $9,109

UN Campus Facilities (incl. UNU in-kind)

$108,575

$310,404

TOTAL

$952,101

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Main Project Donors

(excluding annual IHDP contributions)

IHDP Core Projects

ESG: • National Science Foundation (NSF) (through UNU-IHDP) • Colorado State University • VU University Amsterdam - IVM • University of Oldenburg GECHS: • The Research Council of Norway GLP: • University of Copenhagen • International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme (IGBP) IRG-Project: • Beijing Normal University • Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), China • National Natural Science Foundation of China, China • Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK),Germany • European Climate Forum (ECF), Germany • GSDP Project, Europe IT: • Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM), VU University Amsterdam (in-kind)

LOICZ: • Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH (HZG) • International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme (IGBP) UGEC: • Arizona State University • National Science Foundation (NSF) • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA) ESSP Joint Projects

GCP: • Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency, Australian Government • The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) (overhead) • Center for Global Environmental Research (CGER/NIES) • Global Environmental Research Fund of Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan • Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN)

GECAFS: • Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) • International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme (IGBP) GECHH: • Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) • DIVERSITAS • Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP) • International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme (IGBP) • School of Graduate Studies, McMaster University • UNU-INWEH • Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo • World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) GWSP: • German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) • German Research Foundation (DFG) • International Geosphere–Biosphere Programme (IGBP) • DIVERSITAS • World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)

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IHDP Annual Report 2010

Imprint Editor-in-Chief: Carmen Scherkenbach Copy-Editor: Russell Morgan Design: Louise Smith This is a publication of the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change.

IHDP Secretariat, UNU-IHDP UN Campus Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10 53113 Bonn, Germany T: +49 (0)228 815 0600 F: +49 (0)228 815 0620 www.ihdp.org secretariat@ihdp.unu.edu This publication is printed on Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified paper.

ISSN 1727-8953 This report is published using funds from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Fรถrderkennzeichen IHD0810) and the United States National Science Foundation (BCS-0810837).

Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, the United States National Science Foundation or all other IHDP donors.

Join Us Online All of IHDP’s publications including the Annual Report, its scientific magazine and newsletter, as well as many others, are available online for downloading and browsing. There you can also subscribe to our mailing list, and keep up with IHDP activities on a regular basis. www.ihdp.org

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IHDP Secretariat UNU-IHDP Hermann-Ehlers-Str. 10 53113 Bonn, Germany