Summary of a SWOT Analysis and An Online Survey Questionnaire on Youth Engagement across Africa A member of CGIAR consortium
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The SWOT ANALYSIS - NARES - Targeted a number of countries already engaged with through the SARD-SC Project - Sent to each Leader a Questionnaire survey to undertake a situation analysis using the SWOT - Under each category, provided a set of lead questions to capture current situation of youth employment in the country A member of CGIAR consortium
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S - Strengths • Up to 80% of the total labor force are employed in the agricultural sector • More than 50% of the total population is below the age of 30 years • Great adaptability of educated youth to new technologies • Youth are at the same time early adopters and risk bearers A member of CGIAR consortium
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W - Weaknesses • Most of the youth grew up in urban centers and have not been exposed to rural farming life • Most of the youth lack indigenous knowledge on crops and livestock production • Agricultural science and education is limited at early primary and high school levels; • Limited participation of youth in agricultural policy formulation in various countries. A member of CGIAR consortium
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O - Opportunties: • Acess to Social networking on Internet (Facebook, Twitter, etc.). Internet technologies enable youth to access information in agriculture • Existence of mobile phones also enables youth to access and exchange information on agriculture; • Land and water ressources are available and abundant in most countries; • The demand for agricultural by-products is high; A member of CGIAR consortium
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T - Threats • The youth are not interested in agriculture. • The society considers youths engaged in agriculture as failures
• Lack of rural infrastructures such as roads, health centers, internet services etc, This renders the rural environment less attractive for youth • Climate change creates some uncertainty A member of CGIAR consortium
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The ONLINE SURVEY - YOUTHS -
-
Developed a set of Online Survey Questions Placed the survey on youth linked social sites for a duration of 2 weeks. Captured complete respondents as they came in at the end of the survey period. Received more than 300 respondents with 157 complete ones from 11 countries across Africa Analysis based on the 157 complete respondents A member of CGIAR consortium
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GENDER GENDER 140
• 36 Females
120
Axis Title
100
and
80
60
• 121 Males 40
20
0
Series1
Female (F) 36
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Male (M) 121
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Participating Countries Chart Title
• Participants from 11 countries: Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Somalia, Rwanda, Nigeria, Mali, Kenya, Congo, Central Africa Republic, Cameroun and South Africa.
Zimbabwe
Tanzanie
Somalie
Rwanda
Nigeria
Mali
Kenya
Congo Democratic Republic
central africque Republique
Cameroun
South Africa 0
10
20
30
A member of CGIAR consortium
40
50
60
70
80
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Marital Status Maritial status 140
120
• 127 (81%) SINGLE.
100
• 29 (18%) MARRIED.
80
60
• 1 (1%) WIDOWED. 40
20
0 Single
Married
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Widow
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Area of Specialization • 70 (44%) Agriculture • 33 (16%) in OTHER areas not listed • 28 (13%) Sciences • 28 (13%) Business • 15 (7%) ICT • 13(6%) Arts • 12 (6%) Engineering • 6(3%) Politics • 3 (1%) Foreign Services
Other
Foreign service
Politics
ICT
Engineering
Arts
Business
Science
Agriculture 0
20
40
A member of CGIAR consortium
60
80
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Level of Education
Level of education
145
• 145 (92%) attained the Post-secondary Education.
• 6 (4%) attained the Vocational Education • 6 (4%) only Secondary Education. 6
6
INFORMAL
SECONDARY
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POST-SECONDARY
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Interest in Youth Agric Program Would you be interested in participating in youth entrepreneur project 160
140
148
• 148 (95%) of respondents would be interested in a youth entrepreneur project.
120
• 11 (4%) were uncertain (not sure) about a project of that nature.
100
80
60
40
20
1
8
No (N)
Uncertain (U)
0 Yes (Y)
Series1
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• 1(1%) were not interested in a youth entrepreneur project. www.iita.org
Agricultural area of interest AREA OF AGRIBIZ YOU INTERESTED
•
Other
•
Seed production (SQ009)
•
Livestock production (SQ008)
•
Financing (SQ007)
• Training and services provision (SQ006)
•
Fisheries (SQ005)
• Food processing (SQ004)
• Vegetable production (SQ003)
•
Crop production (SQ002) 0
10
20
A member of CGIAR consortium
30
40
50
60
70
70 (20%) were interested in CROP PRODUCTION 51 (17 %) were interested in TRAINING AND SERVICES 50 (15%) were interested in FOOD PROCESS 48(14%) were interested in LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION 39 (11%) were interested in VEGETABLE PRODUCTION 30 (9%) were interested in FISHERIES PRODUCTION 17 (5%) were interested in FINANCING 20 (6%) were interested in SEED PRODUCTION 11 (3%) were interested in OTHER AREAS like Academics, Extension ICT, Eco-tourism. www.iita.org
Resources available •
92 (29%) of respondents feel they have the AGRICULTURE KNOWLEDGE (*judging from the area of specialization of the respondents)
•
66 (21%) of respondents have LAND
•
53(17%) of respondents have AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES
•
45 (14%) of respondents have LABOUR
•
21 (7%) of respondents have TECHNOLOGIES
•
18 (6%) of respondents have FUND/CAPITAL
•
16 (5%) of respondents have SECURITY
•
5 (1%) of respondents have OTHER (e.g Marketing skill)
Other
Labour
Technologies
Agricultural techniques
Agricultural knowledge
Security
Land
Fund/Capital
0
20
40
A member of CGIAR consortium
60
80
100
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Resources/support needed. WHAT RESOURCES WOULD YOU NEED TO ENAGE IN AGRIBIZ
• OTHER
3
FARM MACHINERY
• • •
72
INFORMATION ON AGRONOMIC PRACTICES, VALUE CHAIN,…
62
PLANTING MATERIALS
57
•
MARKET LINKAGES
85
POLICY
• • •
40
AGRO-INPUTS
68
TOOLS AND IMPLEMENTS
78
KNOWLEDGE
63
•
TRAINING
103
LOANS
•
110
NETWORK OF ENTREPRENEURS
110 (13%) - want LOANS for their enterprise 103 (13%) want TRAINING 85(10%) want MARKET LINKAGE 80 (10%) - linkages to NETWORK OF ENTREPRENEUR 78 (10%) - TOOLS AND IMPLEMENTS for their enterprise 68 (8%) - AGRO-INPUTS 72(9%) want FARM MACHINERY 62 (8%) want INFORMATION ON AGRONOMIC PRACTICES,VALUE CHAIN , etc. 40 (5%) - POLICY (favorable for agriculture/agribusiness) 3 (0%) want other RESOURCES/ SUPPORT for their enterprise
80 0
20
40
A member of CGIAR consortium
60
80
100
120
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Motivation for involvement As a youth, what would motivate you to get involved ?
• 46 (40%) would be motivated by MONEY/FINANCE • 40 (35%) motivated by ECONOMIC GROWTH/ POVERTY ERADICATION.
Infrastructure/support
Interest
• 17(15 %) have INTEREST in agriculture. • 8(7%) motivated by INFRASTRUCTURES/SUPPORT • 3 (3%) would be motivated by the SUCCESS STORY of others
Finance/Money
economic growth and poverty eradication
success story
0
10
A member of CGIAR consortium
20
30
40
50
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Challenges preventing involvement Chart Title 120
•
101 (64%) of the respondents were prevented by CAPITAL
•
21 (13%) were prevented by LACK OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS in agriculture.
•
20 (13%) by LACK OF LAND.
•
7 (4%) LACK OF TOOLS
•
5(3% ) OBLIGATION /CHALLENGE OF LIVING IN A RURAL AREA.
•
3 (2%) by LACK OF LABOUR
100
80
60
40
20
0
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Sources of support to go into agribusiness
WHERE WOULD YOU GO TO GET SUPPORT FOR GOING INTO AGRIBIZ Other
16
NGO (SQ006)
66
Private business owner (SQ005)
42
Bank (SQ004)
48
Series1
Youth Initiative (SQ003)
77
ADP/Extension system (SQ002)
36
Local government (SQ001)
• 77 (24%) would go to a YOUTH INITIATIVE • 66 (20%) an NGO • 48 (15%) - the BANK • 42 (13%) PRIVATE AGRIBUSINESS OWNER • 41 (13%) - LOCAL GOVERNMENT. • 36 (11%) - ADP/EXTENSION SYSTEM • 16 (5%) - OTHERS for support e.g. family members, cooperatives, etc
41
0
20
40
60
A member of CGIAR consortium
80
100
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Possible ways governments can help Youths Chart Title
• 49 (48%) of the respondents want the government to help youths with LOANS. • 23 (23%) to help youths with FAVOURABLE POLICY FOR AGRIBUSINESS • 14 (14%) - help youths with TRAINING AND AGRIBUSINESS AWARENESS. • 10 (10%) want help with INFRASTRUCTURE AND MACHINERIES • 4 (4%) help youths with JOBS in agribusiness. • 1(1%) help youths with LAND.
Land
Training/Awareness
Policy
Job
Infrastructure/Machinery
loan
0
10
20
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30
40
50
60
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And There You Have IT From the NARS and
From the Youths
Thanks to All Who Took Part in the Surveys A member of CGIAR consortium
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