DEVELOPMENT OF TONGUE DRIVE SYSTEM (TDS) OPERATED PATIENT FRIENDLY WHEEL CHAIR by IJARIDEA Journal

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

DEVELOPMENT OF TONGUE DRIVE SYSTEM (TDS) OPERATED PATIENT FRIENDLY WHEEL CHAIR K.Sakthikumaran Student, M.E (Applied Electronics), Sri Eshwar College Of Engineering, Coimbatore, India

Abstract— TDS system can potentially benefit people with severe disabilities by enabling them to operate power wheelchair using their tongue motion.TDS has various advantages. This Wheelchair will be economical and can affordable to common people. We can also add new technology in this wheelchair. This system can be made highly efficient and effective if stringent environmental conditions are maintained. The setup for maintaining these environmental conditions will be a onetime investment for any real life application . The running cost of this system is much lower as compare to other systems used for the same purpose. The plan is approved by creating Advanced Mockups of individual parts are produced in CATIA and are collected to shape the last item. Important recreations of the item are created in virtual environment of CATIA. The framework has been planned and executed in a practical manner so that if our venture is popularized the poor clients in creating nations will profit. Keywords— ALS, CATIA, Powered Wheel Chairs, Tongue Drive System. I. INTRODUCTION

Wheelchair is controlled by tongue movement as its name suggests. We can utilize the tongue for controlling wheelchair. There are two segments transmitter area and recipient segment. Transmitter area is set in the client's mouth and recipient segment is set at the back of the seat. We can plan this venture for incapacitated or especially for deadened individual who need to rely on upon the other individual for their everyday exercises. In the transmitter area we can put the magnet at the focal point of the tongue and the three Lobby Impact sensors are set at the external side of the teeth. We can settle the magnet either for all time or incidentally. The changeless magnet settling strategy is known as tissue puncturing and incidentally magnet settling technique is known as tissue cement. At the point when magnet is touched to one side sensor then seat can be moved to one side. at the point when magnet is touched to the correct sensor then wheel seat can moved to the correct side. we can settled the magnet parmanently by utilizing operation of temporarly by utilizing one kind of fluid. Tongue Drive framework (TDS) is a tongue-worked subtle remote assistive innovation, which can conceivably give individuals extreme inabilities with viable PC get to and environment control. It makes an interpretation of clients' expectations into control summons by identifying and characterizing their intentional tongue movement using a little changeless magnet, secured on the tongue, and a variety of attractive sensors mounted on a headset outside the mouth or an orthodontic support inside. We have created altered interface hardware and actualized four control procedures to drive a wheel seat utilizing an outer TDS model. The attractive sensors are only corridor impact sensors. A Corridor Impact sensor is a transducer that shifts its yield voltage in light of changes in attractive field. In its most straightforward shape, the sensor works as a simple transducer, specifically giving back a voltage. With a known attractive field, its separation from the Lobby plate can be resolved. The control framework comprises of Corridor Impact sensor and RF Transmitter. The information from sensor is given to transmitter and RF transmitter transmits the encoded information through the RF transmitter. At collector end RF

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

recipient gets the information through the decoder and encouraged as contribution to the smaller scale controller. The controller plays out the comparing activities i.e., wheel seat development. This Venture comprises of Microcontroller Units, Wheel seat and Corridor Impact sensor and remote correspondence through RF. Wheel seat is comprised of High torque Adapted DC Engines, the Engines Headings can be changed through the arrangement of guidelines given from the Lobby Impact sensor and the activity of these Directions is as of now stacked into the Microcontroller utilizing Implanted C programming. The RF collector gives the data to the microcontroller (on board PC) from RF transmitter and the controller judges whether the guideline is correct development or left development in view of the tongue development and controls the heading. Requirement for New Plan in a Wheel Seat At present patients are confronting issue while pooping. Patients should be lifted up and evacuated the dress and make them poo, which is discomforting to the patients in crisis condition.Cost of Wheelchairs fluctuate nearly as much as the people who require them. costs for a power wheelchair fluctuate colossally, beginning around 50000 INR and going as high as 4,00,000 INR. One review, distributed in the Documents of Physical Solution and Recovery assessed 15 electric-controlled wheelchairs, with a normal cost of 75,000INR. There is a requirement for savvy and multipurpose wheelchair to suit for this situation. II. EXISTING SYSTEM

In [1], paper manages the client with a smooth relative control rather than a switch in light of/off control that is the premise of most existing advancements. This venture is displayed the impacts of position and introduction of the perpetual magnet on the sensors in FEMLAB and tentatively measured them.It has constructed a model framework utilizing off-the-rack segments and tried it effectively by building up a graphical UI (GUI) in LabVIEW environment. [2] manages Tongue Drive," to give individuals serious incapacities with adaptable and powerful PC get to and environment control. A little changeless magnet secured on the tongue by implantation, puncturing, or tissue cements, is used as a tracer to track the tongue developments. The attractive field varieties inside and around the mouth because of the tongue developments are identified by a couple of threepivotal direct magneto-inductive sensor modules mounted respectively on a headset close to the client's cheeks. In the wake of being remotely transmitted to a compact PC, the sensor yield signs are prepared by a differential field cancelation calculation to kill the outside attractive field impedance, and converted into client control orders, which could then be utilized to get to a desktop PC, move a controlled wheelchair, or control different gadgets in the client's surroundings. [3] manages the utilization of Force Electric wheelchairs for physically handicapped individuals is turning out to be progressively basic; however the frameworks utilized as a part of request to oversee it are decreased to the utilization of particular drivers, just utilizing joysticks to control the wheelchair, and these are by and large appropriate just for patients with engine inabilities in their lower appendages. This paper proposes the advancement of a discourse control framework and an attractive control framework to drive a wheelchair as an option for patients with extreme incapacities. Both are connected to a shrewd wheelchair; the proposed frameworks incorporate the improvement of new correspondence conventions for the wheelchair through a microcontroller, a H-extension, a mouthpiece and an attractive control. Christo Ananth et al. [4] proposed a system about Efficient Sensor Network for Vehicle Security. Today vehicle theft rate is very high, greater challenges are coming from thieves thus tracking/ alarming systems are being deployed with an increasingly popularity .As per as security is concerned today most of the vehicles are running on the LPG so it is necessary to monitor any leakage or level of LPG in order to provide safety to passenger. Christo Ananth et al. [5] discussed about Intelligent Sensor Network for Vehicle Maintenance System. Modern automobiles are no longer mere mechanical devices; they are pervasively monitored through

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

various sensor networks & using integrated circuits and microprocessor based design and control techniques while this transformation has driven major advancements in efficiency and safety. In the existing system the stress was given on the safety of the vehicle, modification in the physical structure of the vehicle but the proposed system introduces essential concept in the field of automobile industry. It is an interfacing of the advanced technologies like Embedded Systems and the Automobile world. [6] gives with Innovation Related Help to People with Incapacities . assistive innovation is "any thing, bit of gear or item framework whether procured economically off the rack, adjusted, or altered that is utilized to increment, keep up or enhance practical capacities of people with handicaps". The cases of advanced assistive advances (ATs) incorporate yet not constrained to wheelchair, prosthetic appendages, portable amplifier, and Braille letter sets is talked about. [7] manages controlling a wheelchair by method for human voice. It empowers a handicapped individual to move around freely, utilizing a voice acknowledgment application which is interfaced with engines. The model of the wheelchair is constructed utilizing a miniaturized scale controller, decided for its ease, notwithstanding its adaptability and execution in scientific operations and correspondence with other electronic gadgets. The framework has been outlined and executed. In [13], a scientific investigation is created to examine the nonlinear unfaltering blended convection limit layer stream and warmth exchange of an incompressible digression hyperbolicnon-Newtonian liquid from a non-isothermal wedge in the nearness of attractive field. The changed preservation conditions are understood numerically subject to physically fitting limit conditions utilizing a second-arrange precise verifiable limited distinction Keller Box method. In [12], the high level description is transformed into software binaries and partitioned into Software and Hardware. The software sits in Microprocessor and hardware in Custom Hardware. An estimator is designed to estimate the partitioned hardware. It improves performance, energy and power for many benchmarks. The single chip Microprocessor/FPGA is more attractive for its performance. Many works are reported in Source Level Partitioning. There are few works in Binary Level Partitioning. III. ANOTHER SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM

Tongue Drive System (TDS) is a wireless tongue operated assistive technology (AT), which can enable people with severe physical disabilities to access computers and drive powered wheelchairs using their volitional tongue movements. A. BASIC PRINCIPLE

Our proposed Tongue Drive Framework comprises of 4 Corridor Sensors that can be set outside the mouth. A little lasting magnet is set on the tongue. The Lobby Sensors are interfaced to a microcontroller. At the point when the magnet set on the tongue moves towards a specific Corridor Sensor, the microcontroller takes a choice to move the wheel seat in a specific bearing which is sent remotely to another microcontroller to which engines are interfaced. For instance, when the magnet put on tongue is moved towards sensor S1as appeared in the figure, the wheelchair moves in the forward bearing. Thus when it is moved towards the sensors S2, S3 and S4 the wheelchair moves back, left and right individually. We have added a vicinity sensor to maintain a strategic distance from impact. At the point when a deterrent is recognized the wheel seat will stop movement in the impact inclined heading.

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

Fig.1 Model TDS with Hall Effect Sensor

B. MATERIALS AND METHOD

To create a sensible TDS controlled wheelchair, different sorts of hardware are essential. At first wheelchair is made mechanically or by the establishment of mechanical gear/parts. Also, electrical types of gear/segments are intended for utilizing as a part of the wheelchair and subsequent to introducing these in the mechanical wheelchair, the mechanical wheelchair now is swung to an electrical wheelchair. Here some concise thought regarding the types of gear/segments used to build the wheelchair and their establishment. Lobby sensors are utilized as a part of brushless DC electric engines to recognize the position of the changeless magnet. In the imagined wheel with two similarly divided magnets, the voltage from the sensor will top twice for every insurgency. This course of action is generally used to control the speed of plate drives. A DC engine is an electric machine that believers electrical vitality into mechanical vitality. The turnaround change of mechanical vitality into electrical vitality is finished by an electric generator. In ordinary motoring mode, most electric engines work through the collaboration between an electric Engine's attractive field and twisting streams to create compel inside the engine. In specific applications, for example, in the transportation business with footing engines, electric engines can work in both motoring and creating or braking modes to likewise deliver electrical vitality from mechanical vitality. A pivot is a focal shaft for a turning wheel or apparatus. On wheeled vehicles, the hub might be settled to the wheels, pivoting with them, or settled to the vehicle, with the wheels turning around the hub. In the previous case, orientation or bushings are given at the mounting focuses where the hub is bolstered. In the last case, an orientation or bushing sits inside a focal gap in the wheel to permit the wheel or rigging to turn around the pivot. Now and again, particularly on bikes, the last sort hub is alluded to as a shaft. A direction is a machine component that obliges relative movement and decreases contact between moving parts to just the sought movement. The plan of the bearing may, for instance, accommodate free straight development of the moving part or with the expectation of complimentary turn around a settled pivot; or, it might keep a movement by controlling the vectors of typical powers that bear on the moving parts. Numerous heading additionally encourage the coveted movement however much as could be expected, for example, by minimizing grinding. Orientation are characterized extensively as indicated by the sort of operation, the movements permitted, or to the bearings of the heaps

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

connected to the parts. The leadâ&#x20AC;&#x201C;acid battery was imagined in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planet and is the most seasoned kind of rechargeable battery. Notwithstanding having a low vitality to-weight proportion and a low vitality to-volume proportion, its capacity to supply high surge streams implies that the cells have a moderately vast energy to-weight proportion. These components alongside their minimal effort, makes it appealing for use in engine vehicles to give the high current required via car starter engines. A hand-off is an electrically worked switch. Many transfers utilize an electromagnet to mechanically work a switch, however other working standards are likewise utilized, for example, strong state transfers. Transfers are utilized where it is important to control a circuit by a low-control motion (with finish electrical detachment amongst control and controlled circuits), or where a few circuits must be controlled by one flag. C. Design Strategy

The plan and advancement of the framework includes the execution of both equipment and programming. These methodologies must be very much executed with the goal that it will deliver tasteful result of the framework which is to create the right wheelchair development after accepting the TDS input order. The wheelchair development control framework square chart is indicated which can be isolated into four unique pieces: 1. Mouthpiece unit. 2. TDS module. 3. Fundamental control framework piece. also, 4. Control Supply Square.

Fig.2 Microcontroller unit of TDS powered wheel chair

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

Fig.3 Typical TDS controlled system

D. TRANSMITTER SECTION

Fig.4 Transmitter section diagram

The above is a piece of transmitter area. It has four corridor impact sensors. these sensors are acquainted with microcontroller. Corridor impact sensors are transducers whose yield voltage shifts because of the adjustment in engine work. Lobby impact sensor used to recognize the course of PWC. At the point when a magnet is brought almost a specific lobby impact sensor ,the sensor gets actuated. At the point when magnet is expelled then corridor impact sensor is deactivated. At that point microcontroller takes choice to move specifically bearing.

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

E. RECEIVER SECTION

Fig.5 Receiver section diagram

The RF segment gets the choice send by the transmitter segment the engines are associated with the microcontroller utilizing h-connect engine drive. The engine drivers are utilized to control the heading both the engines utilized. In view of the choice transmitted wheelchair moves in a particular course. To keep the wheel seat from smashing into deterrents ,nearness sensor is utilized. In view of the nearness sensor yield microcontroller takes choices to go or not. The computerized and physical deride ups ought to must be created .For this CATIA device is choosed and finish study was done on most recent variant of CATIA V5 Understudy release. CATIA is the world's building and configuration driving programming for item 3D computer aided design plan brilliance. It is utilized to configuration, recreate, examine, and make PWC to be with great mechanical measures. Material • Frame –25mm x 1mm thick hallow pipe of stainless steel 304 • Body – 1 mm thick Stain less steel 304 sheet • Wheel rim – 304 stainless steel • Tyre – hard nylon rubber • Seat & Back rest – cushioned foam seat • Brake – mechanical operated disc brake • Commode – rigid plastic Scale – • 1: 1 for working prototype • 1:3 for Mockup IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Tongue drive remote assistive innovation works by following the developments of a little changeless magnet secured on the tongue with the assistance of a variety of Lobby Impact sensors. The sensor yields are an element of the position-subordinate magnet field produced by the changeless magnet. This framework can conceivably profit individuals with extreme inabilities by empowering them to work control wheelchair utilizing their tongue movement. The execution of the framework was assessed via doing errand related examination did by six healthy subjects. For assessing the execution two parameters were considered to be specific finishing time and number of navigational error. This innovation gives speedier, smoother and more helpful corresponding control when contrasted with many existing assistive advances. Likewise tongue and jaw muscle does not

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

weariness effectively. Different points of interest of the TDS are being inconspicuous, ease, insignificantly intrusive, adaptable, and simple to work.

Fig.6. Assembling Of Individual Parts

Fig.7. Final Product

V. CONCLUSION

TDS system can potentially benefit people with severe disabilities by enabling them to operate power wheelchair using their tongue motion.TDS has various advantages. This Wheelchair will be economical and can affordable to common people. We can also add new technology in this wheelchair.This system can be made highly efficient and effective if stringent environmental conditions are maintained. The setup for maintaining these environmental conditions will be a onetime investment for any real life application . The running cost of this system is much lower as compare to other systems used for the same purpose. The plan is approved by creating Advanced Mockups of individual parts are produced in CATIA and are collected to shape the last item. Important recreations of the item are created in virtual environment of CATIA. The framework has been planned and executed in a practical manner so that if our venture is popularized the poor clients in creating nations will profit.

K.Sakthikumaran et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 3,27 June 2017, pg. 18-26

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