STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF M20 CONCRETE ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND USING STEEL SLAG

A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF M20 CONCRETE ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND USING STEEL SLAG A Arockia Allwin1, N Nagarathinam2,I Sivaranjan3,S Ulagusundaram4 1,2,3

Under Graduate Student, 4 Faculty, 1,2,3,4 Department of Civil Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Anand Nagar, Krishnan Koil, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu,India Abstract— Cement is known as a building material for the present century and fractional substitution of fine total gives potential ecological and additionally monetary advantages for development industry. The incomplete substitution of sand utilizing steel slag has all the earmarks of being a promising arrangement in quality attributes of M20 cement. The primary goal of the venture is to investigate the conduct of compressive quality with fractional substitution of sand utilizing steel slag at 20,40 and ideal replacement. In this venture we contrast the consequence of ordinary concrete and halfway supplanted concrete. The ideal rate supplanting of sand with steel slag was wanted to embed in the development of compound divider, JAYA ILLAMS, JAYASRI build and contractual worker Madurai. The aggregate length of compound divider is 15m with tallness 1.5m was outlined by utilizing steel in development industry, the shot of getting contamination because of slag will be diminished and it will be the savvy strategy for development industry.

Keywords— Portland Cement concrete, Steel Slag, Supplanted Concrete.

I. INTRODUCTION

Concrete utilized as a part of development are the most generally utilized material on earth after water. Numerous parts of our day by day life depend in a roundabout way or specifically on cement. Cement is a blend arranged by utilizing different constituents like totals, water, concrete and so on. Cement is diverse among real development materials since it is outlined particularly for specific structural designing projects.Concrete is a composite material made out of granular materials like coarse totals installed in a lattice and bound together with concrete or folio which fills the space between the particles and pastes those together. Outline and development of the country's framework basically depends up on cement. The volume of cement is made out of just about three quarter of aggregates.

In future the accessibility characteristic totals get lessened; it winds up plainly hard to take care of the worldwide demand of solid, so it is ending up noticeably all the more difficult assignment to discover appropriate other options to common totals for planning concrete. Amid the fabricate of iron and steel the by-item delivered is known as steel slag. The change of iron to steel create noteworthy amounts of steel slag as a noteworthy by-item shaped in the essential steel making forms. The expansive volumes of mechanical by-items and auxiliary materials are need of hour to create concrete fusing materials because of consumption of characteristic sand assets and solid interest for cement. In this setting fine steel slag material is utilized as option material in trade for regular fine sand.

A. STEEL SLAG

Slag is a by-item created amid assembling of pig iron and steel. It is delivered by activity of different fluxes upon gangue materials inside the iron mineral amid the procedure of pig iron making in impact heater and steel producing in steel liquefying shop. Principally, the slag comprises of calcium, magnesium, manganese and aluminum silicates in different mixes. © 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

The cooling procedure of slag is dependable chiefly to generate distinctive sorts of slags required for different end-utilize buyers. In spite of the fact that, the concoction structure of slag may stay unaltered, physical properties shift broadly with the changing procedure of cooling. The impact heater (BF) is accused of iron metal, fluxing specialists (typically limestone and dolomite) and coke as fuel and the decreasing operator in the creation of iron.

Steel slag is a hard, thick material to some degree like air-cooled press slag. It contains essential measures of free iron, giving it its high thickness and hardness, which make it especially reasonable as a street development total. Slag is transported to preparing plants, where it experiences pounding, crushing, and screening operations to meet different utilize details. Handled slag is either sent to its purchaser for prompt utilize or, in slack seasons, put away.

Fig.1. Steel Slag

II. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM A. MATERIALS: STEEL SLAG

Steel slag is used as the replacement for fine aggregate (sand) in this project. Specific gravity of Steel slag is 3.272. fineness modulus of steel slag is 4.508.

CEMENT

Concrete is a fine, dim powder. It is blended with water and materials, for example, sand, rock and squashed stone to make concrete. Bond and water frame a glue that ties alternate materials together as the solid solidifies. Normal Portland Cement (OPC) contains two essential fixings to be specific argillaceous and calcareous. In argillaceous materials mud prevails and in calcareous materials calcium carbonate prevails. In the present review 43 review was Ordinary Portland Cement utilized.

FINE AGGREGATE

The particles that are going through 4.75mm sifter is called as fine total. It might be the regular sand kept by waterways, pulverized stone sand or pounded rock sand. Its size is under 4.75mm. Totals must affirm to specific norms for building use. They should be perfect, hard, solid, strong particles free of assimilated chemicals.

COARSE AGGREGATE

The particles that are held on 4.75mm sifter are called as coarse total. It might be rock, smashed stone and broken stone blocks. Its strainer is more noteworthy than 4.75mm. Š 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

TABLE I MIX PROPORTION MATERIAL Cement Fine Aggregate Coarse Aggregate Water Cement Ratio

MASS(Kg/m3) 407.6 665.94 1215.16 191.58

The ordinary Portland cement Concrete mix proportion is 1:1.63:2.98 Water Cement ratio for this mix proportion is 0.47 EXAMPLE PREPARATION

The materials utilized for making cement are OPC 53 review concrete, fine total sand greatest size as 4.75mm, coarse total of size 20mm, water Cement proportion 0.47. In this solid we utilize steel slag as a substitution of fine total sand in the different sum 20%, 40% and 60%. We utilize hand blending strategy for blending the solid. At that point reduced in three layers.

CURING:

Curing intends to cover the solid so it remains wet. By keeping solid damp, the bond between the glue and the totals gets more grounded in order to advance solidifying of cement.

Cement doesn't solidify legitimately, on the off chance that it is forgotten to dry and prompts early age drying shrinkage. To help diminish water misfortune, promptly subsequent to demoulding of examples they were put in curing tank containing consumable water for appropriate curing until testing for a time of 7days', 14 days' and 28 days'. The examples were kept in curing tank.

TEST SPECIMENS:

The 36 numbers of(150×150×150) mm estimate block examples, 36numbers of (150×300) mm measure chamber examples were threw for the review.

QUALITY TEST:

The accompanying are the test directed for assessing the quality properties ofConcrete.

• Compressive quality test • Split Tensile quality test B. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CUBE:

It is characterized as the most extreme compressive load that can take by the solid per unit zone. The compressive quality is likewise called as the devastating quality of solid which is controlled by stacking pivotally molded examples made out of cement. It is the 28 days' compressive quality which is taken as the standard incentive for the solid of specific clump.

The blocks were tried for their 7 days', 14 days' and 28 days' quality in the compressive testing machine which has the limit of 2000tons. The example is set in the pressure testing machine with the cast confronts in contact with the put of the testing machine. Load is connected at a uniform rate until the example fizzles. Stack at disappointment is noted. [16] proposed a principle in which another NN yield input control law was created for an under incited quad rotor UAV which uses the regular limitations of the under incited framework to create virtual control contributions to ensure the UAV tracks a craved direction. Utilizing the versatile back venturing method, every one of the six DOF are effectively followed utilizing © 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

just four control inputs while within the sight of un demonstrated flow and limited unsettling influences.

Compressive strength of concrete =

(1)

Fig.2. Compressive Strength Test

C. SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF CYLINDER:

A chamber of determined measurement is made to bomb under strain by applying compressive load over the width is named as part elasticity of the solid. The barrels were tried for their 7 days', 14 days' and 28days' quality in the compressive testing machine which has the limit of 2000tons. The test is done by setting a round and hollow example on a level plane between the stacking surfaces of a compressive testing machine and the heap is connected until disappointment of the barrel, along the vertical measurement. the stacking condition creates a high compressive anxiety instantly beneath the two generators to which the heap is connected. Be that as it may, the bigger segment relating to profundity is subjected to a uniform tractable anxiety acting on a level plane. Quality decided in the part test is accepted to be nearer to the genuine elasticity of cement. split tensile strength of concrete = where, P = compressive load on the cylinder L = length of cylinder D = diameter of cylinder

(2)

Fig.3. Split Tensile Strength Test

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The blend configuration depends on the idea of applied blend plan and the blend proportion is resolved as 1:1.4:2.3 with 0.35 w/c proportion. The materials are gathered according to the proportion. At that point for steel fiber 3D square throwing 1% the heaviness of the solid Š 2017, IJARIDEA All Rights Reserved

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

blend is weighed and is blended with the bond and totals though for polypropylene strands 0.15% of the heaviness of the solid blend is utilized. At that point the solid is then threw in 100 mm x 100 mm x 100 mm 3D squares. Taking into account setting of cement for a day the shapes are demoulded and are kept in curing water for 28 days. On the 28th day the 3D shapes are removed from the curing tank and are made to dry. Following a hour the heaviness of the air dried 3D shape test is noted and is then kept inside a stifle heater with temperature set to 100°C for 60 minutes 60 minutes. At that point the heater is turned off and the specimen is left inside the heater undisturbed for 24 hours. Following day the 3D shape is then tried to decide the compressive quality. The same is rehashed for various temperatures of 200°C, 300°C, till 800°C and the individual compressive quality of the solid shape are found.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE [CUBE] GRADE: M20

TABLE II MIX ID OF CONCRETE MIXTURE S. NO 1 2 3 4

MIX ID Concrete 0% Concrete 20% Concrete 40% Concrete 60%

FULL FORM Concrete with 0% replacement of sand by steel slag Concrete with 20% replacement of sand by steel slag Concrete with 40% replacement of sand by steel slag Concrete with 60% replacement of sand by steel slag

TABLE III NORMAL CONCRETE: [CUBE] S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 0%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 16.02 18.75 21.33

TABLE IV CONCRETE WITH 20% REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STEEL SLAG S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 20%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 26.89 28.44 31.33

TABLE V CONCRETE WITH 40% REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STEEL SLAG S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 40%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 30 30.74 41.22

TABLE 6 CONCRETE WITH 60% REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STEEL SLAG S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 60%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 24.67 30 32.22

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

B. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF THE CONCRETE:

Fig.4. Compressive Strength of the Concrete (N/mm2)

This graph represents the compressive strength for 7days’, 14days’, 28days’ from various mixes like normal concrete and partial replacement of sand 20%, 40% and 60% by steel slag.

From the various mix proportions of the concrete which contains partial replacement of sand by steel slag attains optimized strength value for 7days’, 14days’, 28days’ compression strength of concrete. Among these proportional mixes 40% replacement of sand by steel slag gives considerable rise in strength.

C. SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE[CYLINDER]: GRADE: M20

TABLE VII MIX ID OF CONCRETE MIXTURE S. NO 1 2 3 4

MIX ID Concrete 0% Concrete 20% Concrete 40% Concrete 60%

FULL FORM Concrete with 0% replacement of sand by steel slag Concrete with 20% replacement of sand by steel slag Concrete with 40% replacement of sand by steel slag Concrete with 60% replacement of sand by steel slag

TABLE VIII NORMAL CONCRETE: [CYLINDER] S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 0%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 1.708 1.944 2.137

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

TABLE IX CONCRETE WITH 20% REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STEEL SLAG S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 20%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 2.12 2.9 3.46

TABLE X CONCRETE WITH 40% REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STEEL SLAG S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 40%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 3.32 3.39 3.61

TABLE XI CONCRETE WITH 60% REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY STEEL SLAG S. NO

MIX ID

1

Concrete 60%

DAYS’ 7 days’ 14 days’ 28 days’

STRENGTH(N/mm2) 3.11 3.18 3.53

D. SPLIT TENSILE STRENGTH OF THE CONCRETE:

Fig.5. Split Tensile Strength of the Concrete (N/mm2)

This graph represents the split tensile strength for 7days’, 14days’, 28days’ from various mixes like normal concrete and partial replacement of sand 20%, 40% and 60% by steel slag.

From the various mix proportions of the concrete which contains partial replacement of sand by steel slag attains optimized strength value for 7days’, 14days’, 28days’ split tensile strength of concrete. Among these proportional mixes 40% replacement of sand by steel slag gives considerable rise in strength.

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A Arockia Allwin et al., International Journal of Advanced Research in Innovative Discoveries in Engineering and Applications[IJARIDEA] Vol.2, Issue 2,27 April 2017, pg. 47-54

V. CONCLUSION In view of this review the accompanying conclusions can be drawn: 1. The compressive quality increment with increment in rate of steel slag up to 40% by weight of fine total 2. The split elasticity increments with increment in rate of steel slag up to 40% by weight of fine total 3. From the consequences of compressive quality, split rigidity of 7 days', 14 days' and 28 days' curing, 40% substitution of fine total by steel slag is the ideal rate of swap for M20 review cement and declines extensively in further substitution of sand by steel slag in cement 4. From the above outcomes the 40% of substitution of sand by steel slag was wanted to execute in the development of compound divider, Jaya illams, JAYASRI designer of temporary worker Madurai 5. The aggregate length of compound divider is 15m with stature 1.5m was outlined by utilizing GBFS in development industry, the possibility of getting contamination because of slag will be decreased and it will be the practical technique for development industry.

VI. FOCUS FOR FUTURE WORK From this above work, in future we are going to study about how the concrete strength decreases while increasing the replacement percentage of sand by steel slag in concrete. And study about how to increase the strength by adding admixtures or polymer or composite materials in concrete. And to implement our work in construction field.

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