Development of Indian Coal Industry Specific Environment Audit Format by IJIRST

IJIRST â&#x20AC;&#x201C;International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 2 | Issue 07 | December 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-6010

Development of Indian Coal Industry Specific Environment Audit Format V. K. Rai Chief Manager(civil) Mahanadi Coalfields Limited, India

Dr N. S. Raman Dy Director & Head Environmental Audit Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India

Dr S. K. Choudhary Professor K.D.K. College of Engineering, Nagpur, India

Abstract Environmental audit has been incorporated as one of the business principles in almost all the industries throughout the world. In India, Regulatory authorities have mandated to submit environmental statement in Form V, which the industry is under obligation to comply. In Indian coal industries, the submission of environmental statement in form V is scrupulously done as mandated by the rules since 1993 itself. Apart from Form V, there are number of returns, which are to be submitted by Coal Industry in fulfillment of statutory provisions. The entire process spaced in the year at different times baffles the field Environment engineers. Therefore a need is felt to have a comprehensive format for Environment Statement, which covers all the statutory requirements at the same time covering all the pollution aspects of the Coal mining industry. This paper, highlighting, the gaps in existing format & suggests a new Coal industry specific format for adoption across the Coal Industry. This developed format may be considered by the MoEFCC for adoption and till then may be implemented by Coal Companies for creation of data base. Keywords: Form v, Environment Statement, Audit, Coal, Pollution _______________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION Environment audit is a management tool and provides a structured and comprehensive mechanism for ensuring that the activities & products of an enterprise do not cause unacceptable effects on the environment. Submission of an environment statement by polluting units seeking consent under the water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974, Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1981 or both and the authorization under the Hazardous Waste ( Management & Handling) Rules 1989 has been made mandatory through a Gazette Notification of April 1993 under the Environment ( Protection) Act,1986. The Environmental statement enables the units to undertake a comprehensive look at their industrial operations and facilities; understanding of material flows and focuses on areas where waste reduction & consequently saving in input cost is possible. The primary benefit of environmental audit is that it ensures cost effective compliance of laws, standards, regulations, company policies etc. The legally binding character has not yet been accorded to environmental audit in India. Recently, while granting Environmental Clearance to the Projects, Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC) is mentioning as one of the conditions to have an Environment Audit cell to monitor the implementation of Environmental Clearance conditions. The benefits of conducting environment audit of an industry are many, both to industry as well as to regulatory agencies. At present there are many compliance forms related to environment aspects of the Industry, which they have to submit at different times as mandated by the corresponding statutes. On close perusal and examination, it is observed, that there is an urgent need to have one Environmental Statement format, wherein all the environment related information, disclosures and compliances are done, so that the entire environment related aspects of the industry can be obtained at a glance and needful & timely corrective actions are taken at the critical areas.

II. IMPACTS OF COAL MINES Coal mining disturbs the geological conditions of mining area primarily due to the nature of the coal deposits, which are commonly extensive, covering large areas and consisting of multiple seams extending over significant vertical intervals. A. Open Cast Mining involves scraping away earth and rocks to get to coal buried beneath the surface. Open cast mining accounts for about 90 percent of the Indiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total coal production. Even though it's highly destructive, industry often prefers open cast mining as it requires less labour and yields more coal than underground mining.

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B. Impacts of Open Cast mining  Open cast mining destroys landscapes, forests and wildlife habitats at the site of the mine when trees, plants, and topsoil are cleared from the mining area. This in turn leads to soil erosion and destruction of agricultural land.  When rain washes the loosened top soil into streams, sediments pollute waterways. This can hurt fish and aquatic life downstream, and cause disfiguration of river channels and streams, which leads to flooding.  There is an increased risk of chemical contamination of ground water when minerals in upturned earth seep into the water table, and watersheds are destroyed when disfigured land loses the water it once held.  Open cast mining causes dust and noise pollution when top soil is disrupted with heavy machinery and coal dust is created in mines. The result of all this is barren land that stays contaminated long after a coal mine shuts down. Reclamation plans for coal mining sites are there but undoing all the environmental damages to water supplies, destroyed habitats, and poor air quality is a long and problematic task. This land disturbance is on a vast scale. C. Underground Mining underground mining, allows to extract deeper deposits of coal, and is viewed as less destructive than open cast mining; it still causes widespread damage to the environment. In board-and-pillar mines, columns of coal are left to support the ground above during the initial mining process, then they are often taken out and the mine is left to collapse, which is known as subsidence. In long wall mines, mechanical shearers strip the coal from the mines. Support structures that enable the shearers’ access to the mine are eventually removed, and the mine collapses. D. Impacts of Underground Mining  Underground mining causes huge amounts of waste earth and rock to be brought to the surface – waste that often becomes toxic when it comes into contact with air and water.  It causes subsidence as mines collapse and the land above it starts to sink. This causes serious damage to buildings.  It lowers the water table, changing the flow of groundwater and streams. The huge quantity of water is pumped out of the ground every year. Only a small percentage of this is used by industry or local towns – the rest is wasted. What’s worse is that removing so much water creates a kind of funnel that drains water from an area much larger than the immediate coalmining environment.  Coal mining produces also greenhouse gas emissions. E. Types and causes of Environment Pollution in Coal Mining Industry The main causes & types of pollution generated in the process of Coal Mining and its transportation are as below: 1) Air Pollution: Deforestation, movement of HEMM, drilling, blasting, and crushing of coal in CHP’s. Transport of coal by trucks, emissions from HEMMs/Vehicles, burning of coal in seam and coal depots, release of methane from underground mines etc. 2) Water Pollution: Effluents discharge from mines including acid mine drainage, workshop, CHP, spillage of hazardous wastes, washing of HEMMs and other machines, Bio-medical waste etc. 3) Land Pollution: Erosion of dumps, spillage of hazardous wastes, Bio medical wastes, plastic waste etc. Noise Pollution: Running & maintenance of HEMM’s, CHP, workshop, Blasting etc.

III. STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING IN INDIAN COAL INDUSTRY At present there is no specific statutory directive to conduct the Environmental Audit of Coal Mines. Only submission of various forms and returns including Form V is required. The details of various returns /reports to be submitted are as below: Recently in Environmental Clearance conditions being accorded by MoEFCC the following provisions are being made.’ That the Project Proponent shall set up an Environment Audit Cell with responsibility and accountability to ensure implementation of all the Environment Clearance conditions.” The Coal Companies have started submission of Sustainability reporting under GRI 3.1 and for preparation of the same on consistent basis data generation and comparison with previous years have been done. Most of the Coal mines have obtained certification under ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OSHS 18001 and in the process have gathered environmental related information in a systematic manner. The internal environmental auditing has also started since 2012 in coal companies on their own initiative. Table – 1 Status of various reports being submitted by Coal Mining Projects to Pollution Control Boards &MoEFCC SN

Report

Periodicity

Form

To whom submitted

1 2

Water consumption report Disposal of Hazardous waste

I IV

SPCB SPCB

Details of Batteries filling of returns by auctioneers

Monthly Annually Six monthly (October-March)& ( April to September)

SPCB

Last date of submission 5th of every month 30th June 30thjune& 31st December

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4 5

Environmental Statement Filing of return for bulk consumer of batteries

Annually

Regional Office MoEFCC SPCB

30th September 30thjune& 31st December 30thjune& 31st December 30th April

Annually

SPCB

30th April

Annually

SPCB

Six monthly

VIII

SPCB

Compliance of EC conditions

Six monthly

Annual Production Report Compliance of Consent to operate conditions

Electronic Wastes

Annually

SPCB

Bio Medical wastes

Annually

SPCB

Records to be maintained 31st January

F. Gap Analysis of Present Formats & Reports After thorough examination of documents and activities prevailing at the ground level, the gaps in the reports being submitted were identified. Environment parameters at each stage of mining operations were identified. For the data collection a format was developed which covers all aspects of the pollution generating areas and also identifies the shortfall in various statutory compliances. The threadbare analysis of each and every aspect of environment parameters for the coal industry was done. The Pollution Control Boards as well as MoEFCC authorities are supposed to check the same at given frequencies depending on the pollution potential of the industry. Coal industry being under Red category should be inspected at a frequency of 3 months in a year, but given the pressure of work and staff position of State Pollution Control Boards, this is hardly done at that frequency. The following gaps have been identified during the inspections and on perusal of reports & records. SN 1 2 3 4 5 6

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Table â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 2 Gap Analysis of Present formats & reports Identified Gaps In present Form V, the information sought to be provided is Production Capacity of the unit. The actual production done during the reporting period does not find place and instances of exceeding the sanctioned capacity are not identified. The present form V does not seek the Consent to operate and authorizations under different Rules and Instances of operating industry without valid consents and authorizations are not identified. The present form V does not seek the Forest Clearance status of the Project and Instances of whether the project is using forest land without forest clearance are not identified. Most of the Mining Projects involve displacement of people; there is no provision to know the status of Rehabilitation and Resettlement of affected families. Land is the prime requirement of coal industry and it does not find any place in the existing format. Environmental Clearance to Mining Projects is accorded based on the Environment management Plans submitted for the Projects. The current status vis-Ă -vis status envisaged in EMP does not find any mention in existing format. The present format, being generic for all industries, the raw material consumed in Coal Industry has not being specified .In some environmental statement reports, main raw material consuming item was found missing. Further, the raw material consumption per tonne of coal production does not give the correct indication of consumption pattern. Depending on the geological conditions, stripping ratios (Cubic meter of over burden material required to be removed for production of one tone of coal) are different for different mines. To make it realistic and comprehensive, the unit of consumption needs to be changed as raw material consumption per unit of composite (Coal & OB) production. At present , there is no benchmarking done for raw material consumption The production reporting is done for combined departmental and outsourced source; it is to be ensured that the raw material consumption and the pollution generated by outsourced agencies are also reported. Noise Pollution aspects are not reflected in existing format. Occupational Health and Safety parameters are not included in the present format. The quantity of water discharged is monitored and reported, but water balance does not find mention in existing format. In regard to hazardous waste, only generated quantity is reported, but the quantum of disposal is never reported as a result whether the hazardous waste is disposed off as per Hazardous waste (Management & Handling Rules) 1989 or not is not known. Similar is the case with Batteries also. The system of first in, first out for disposal is also not insured. While the outsourced manpower issue on health and safety aspects find mention in Environment Clearance (EC) conditions, the same do not find any specific mention in reporting formats. There is no mechanism to monitor the implementation of commitments made during Public hearing and recommendations made in the EIA/EMP reports as well as commitments made during presentation to EAC. There is calendar plan of production and there is progressive mine closure plan, but the same are not matched and, no evaluation is done of compliance status on reclamation point of view. The comparison of data is done year on year basis, which does not indicate impact due to Coal Mining Project, the comparison with base level data gives the impact due to coal mining. The major complaint of villagers located in buffer zone( an area falling within 10 km radius of the mine) are three fold ( i) ground water level depletion in wells (ii) crop loss due to coal dust deposition and (iii) siltation of natural drainage channels & consequently flooding. The information on all these parameters do not find mention in existing format. The reports are generated at different intervals and for different periods and reported to state Pollution Control Boards/Ministry of Environment Forest & Climate Change.

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IV. DEVELOPMENT OF NEW FORMAT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STATEMENT Through gap analysis, the required details to make a comprehensive format are identified. The new Format has been developed by improvising the existing format with addition of Indian Coal Industry specific details A. Developed Environment Statement Format Environmental Report for the financial year ending the 31st March (Year)

i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x xi xii xiii xiv xv xvi xvii xviii xix xx xxi

Table – 3 PART – A (I) Name & address of the owner/ occupier of the industry, operation or process.(Name of the Project Officer / Sub – Area Manager & Office of address to be given a)Industry category Primary (Coal Mining (b) Type : Underground/Open cast/Mixed Operation) Production Capacity tonne Actual Coal Production(during the reporting year) Year of establishment Environmental Clearance : Capacity: Consent to operate : Ref no Capacity & Validity Authorization under Hazardous wastes (Management & Handling) Rules 1989 Authorization under Bio Medical wastes (Management & Handling) Rules Stage-I forest clearance & Stage –II Forest clearance Forest Land Non- Forest Land Total Mining lease Area Total villages & Project affected families to be rehabilitated & resettled and actual rehabilitation & resettlement done Total minable reserve. Total coal production since beginning. Balance Life of mine Total Capital Cost of Project Total Cost of Environment management Plan Mine Closure Plan submission reference with up to date amount deposited in Escrow Account with CCO Details of other clearances Date of last environmental statement submitted Table – 4 PART A (Ii): Coal Production & Dispatch Details Current Year Previous year Departmental

Contractual

Total

Departmental

Contractual

Total

Coal Production Overburden removal Coal Production through Surface miner Coal Production through Dumper-shovel combination Coal Crushed in Coal handling plant Dispatched through road Dispatched through rail Total Coal dispatch Balance Coal stock at site

Name of Raw Material

Table – 6 Part A: (iii) Raw Material Consumption Consumption of Raw Material (per T Consumption of Raw Material (per CUM) of coal production) for composite production) both departmental & Contractual Current year Previous year

Benchmark consumption

Remarks

Diesel ( lit) Lubricant ( lit) Electricity (Kwh/t) Explosives(Kg) Specific Energy consumption ( MJ)/cum Roof Support materials

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Table – 7 Part A (Iv): Energy Consumption for The Year Departmental Light Heavy Other (DG sets, Light Vehicles Vehicles lighting, pumps etc.) Vehicles

Contractual Heavy Other (DG Sets, Vehicles lighting pumps etc.)

Total

Diesel in litre Lubricant in litre Other to be specified LPG in Kg. (Excluding those supplied to employee) LPG in Kg. (Provided to employee) Oxygen in Kg. used in welding and other industrial purpose. Acytelene in Kg. used in welding and other industrial purpose Coal in Kg. Explosives (in Kg.) Type of explosive with specification Electricity in Kwh Power factor Total electricity billing

B. Part B: Land Environment 1) Land use Plan Table – 8 Land Use Plan S. No

Pre-Mining Land Use Particulars Forest

Land in Hectares Non-forest ( Govt& tenancy)

Post Mining Land Use

Total

Plantation

Water body

Dip side slope& water body

Undisturbed

Built up Area

1 2 3

Quarry Excavation Blasting danger zone Infrastructure Rationalization of 4 Project boundary 5 Diversion of Road Mining lease Area 6 Residential colony 7 Resettlement site Total Land

2) Over Burden Disposal & Land Reclamation:

S. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Particulars

Table – 9 Over Burden Disposal & Land Reclamation As per Project Report Previous Year Area Volume (Million Area Volume (Million (Hectare) cum) (Hectare) cum)

Current Year Area Volume (Million (Hectare) cum)

Excavated Area Top Soil & Sub Soil External OB dump Land affected(1+2) Internal OB dump Technical Reclamation Biological Reclamation Plantation ( Nos)

3) Solid Wastes (Other Than Hazardous) and Disposal Practices:

Particulars

Table – 10 Solid Wastes (Other Than Hazardous) and Disposal Practices Total Quantity During the previous financial year During the Current financial (Million cum) year (Million cum)

Disposal Practices

From Process

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Top soil & sub soil overburden Coal Rejects/Shale picked From pollution control facilities (STP & Sedimentation Pond Sludge) Quantity recycled or re- utilized Top soil & sub soil carpeted OB backfilled Sold Other uses

4) Soil Conservation Measures Table â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 11 Soil Conservation Measures Previous year Catch drains & siltation ponds created (Length/Nos) Garland drains ( Length) Number of check dams ( Nos) Grassing/Doobing done ( Area) Length of retaining wall

Current Year

Remarks

5) Afforestation Details Location Plain area Overburden dump (i) Top (ii) Slope Avenue plantation Total

Table - 12 Afforestation Details Up to previous year Current Year

Total

Remarks

6) Progressive Mine Closure & Land Reclamation Status

Excavation Area

Quarry Area Filled Total

Table - 13 Progressive Mine Closure & Land Reclamation Status Reclamation done on external OB Reclamation done on External OB Dump dump Area surface Area Area (Top+ Slope)

Remark

On Surface

7) Forest Land Status SN 1 2 3 4

Table â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 14 Forest Land Status Particulars As per FC Total Forest Area for diversion ( Ha) Forest Land brought under excavation ( Ha) Number of Trees enumerated (No) Number of Trees felled ( No)

Previous year

Current Area

C. PART C: Water Environment 1) Water Consumption (Cu-M/Day) Table - 15 Water Consumption (Cu-M/Day) S. No.

Purpose

A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

At Mine Site Mine operation ( Washing of dumpers, dozers and floor washing etc) Land Reclamation Dust suppression Sprinklers & Road watering) Drinking Green Belt development Benefication Washeries Fire fighting

As per EMP

Consumption (Cu-m/day) Previous year Current Year

Remarks

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9 B 1 2 3

Others ( specify) Township Domestic Green Belt Others( Specify) TOTAL

NOTE: Source of water to be specified in case of source being other than Mine Water 2) Water Consumption per Unit of Product Table - 16 Water Consumption per Unit of Product Water consumption per unit of product (l/t) Company best( least water consumption) As per EMP Previous year Current year

Name of product

Remark

Coal

3) Pollutants Discharged To the Environment

Quantit y (Kl/ day)

Table â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 17 Pollutants Discharged To the Environment Mine Effluent OGT Outlet Pollutan Pollutant Quantit Concentratio Concentratio t Quantity(Kg/day y (Kl/ n n Quantity ) day) (Kg/day)

STP Outlet Quantit y (Kl/ day)

Concentratio n

Pollutant Quantity(Kg/day )

TSS (mg/l ) TDS ( mg/l) BOD (mg/l ) COD (mg/l ) pH O& G (mg/l )

4) Water Cess Payment Details Table - 17 Water Cess Payment Details SN

Purpose Name

1 2 3

Industrial use Domestic purpose Processes whereby water gets polluted and pollutants are easily bio degradable Processes whereby water gets polluted and pollutants are not easily bio degradable and toxic Total Amount

Rate ( Rs/KL)

Quantity(KL)

Amount(Rs)

Note: Month wise details to be annexed separately 5) Water Conservation Measures Adopted Table - 18 Water Conservation Measures Adopted Previous year Rain water Harvesting measures No. of water storage structures created ( Volume of water) Quantity of water recycled/reused Others

Current year

Remark

6) Ground Water Level Monitoring Data

PROJECT

NAME OF THE STATION

Table - 19 Ground Water Level Monitoring Data BASE YEAR WATER DATE OF WATER SAMPLING LEVEL (m) SAMPLING LEVEL (m)

DATE OF SAMPLING

WATER LEVEL (m)

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7) Siltation and Acidity Check Of Natural Drainage System SN

1 2

Table - 20 Siltation and Acidity Check Of Natural Drainage System Average Concentration level of TSS ( Location pH Level mg/liters) Monsoon Winter Summer Monsoon Winter Summer 100mt up stream of the point of confluence of mine discharge water in natural drainage 100mt downstream of the point of confluence of mine discharge water in natural drainage

Remark

D. Part D: Air Environment 1) Pollution Discharged To Environment

Parameters

Table – 21 Pollution Discharged To Environment Air (Ambient air quality) one Air (Ambient air quality) one station – station – annual average annual average Residential Area Coal Mine Area Base Year Current Year Base Year Current Year

Percentage of variation from prescribed standards with reasons

PM2.5(µg/m3) PM10(µg/m3) SO2(µg/m3) NOx(µg/m3) CO(µg/m3) Dust deposition (gm/cm2/month)

2) Fugitive Dust Monitoring Parameter

Table - 22 Fugitive Dust Monitoring Weigh Bridge Coal Handling Plant Base Year Current Year Base Year Current Year

Remark

SPM (µg/m3)

3) Air Pollution Control Measures a) Transportation Roads Table – 23 Transportation Roads Particulars Previous year Total length of haul road (km) Length of Metteled Haul road (km) Length of coal transportation road ( Mettaled)(km) Length of coal transportation road ( Black topped)(km) Length of Coal transportation road ( concreted)(km)

Current year

Remark

Sprinklers/Rain guns Table -24 Sprinklers/Rain guns Locations Previous year Along Haul Road (nos) At CHP(nos) At Railway Siding At weigh bridges Along Coal transportation Roads At Coal Stock Yards

Current year

Remark

4) Noise Parameter

Table - 25 Noise Previous year Day Night

Current year Day Night

Remark

Mean Noise level [(dB)A] (i) Work place (ii) Residential Area

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E. Part â&#x20AC;&#x201C; E 1) Hazardous Wastes Table - 26 Hazardous Wastes Total Quantity (kg) Previous year Current year Total quantity Total quantity Disposed Disposed

Hazardous waste

Remarks (Disposal Practices)

From process (Used Oil recovered in workshop ( Liters) Filters (Nos) Cotton Wastes (Kg) From pollution control facilities (a)Oil recovery from Oil & Grease trap (Liters) (b) Oily sludge)

Note: First in first out system for disposal to be adopted. 2) Batteries Table - 27 Batteries Previous year New Batteries Purchased

Used batteries Generated

Current year Disposed/ Returned to authorized recycler

New Batteries Purchased

Used batteries Generated

Remark Disposed/ Returned to authorized recycler

Reference of auction and address of the auctioned agency

Batteries from Four wheelers LMV/HMV HEMM

Note: (Used batteries are to be sent to manufacturer/dealer/importer/registered recycler or any other authorized person/agency only on first in first out system for disposal) 3) Electronic Waste Particulars

Previous year (Kg) Generated Disposed

Table â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 28 Electronic Waste Current year(Kg) Generated Disposed

Computers/Laptops Printers/Fax/Photocopier TV/AC/Refrigerators Fluorescent tubes/Sodium Lamps Medical instruments/equipments

Remark

Reference of auction and address of the auctioned agency

4) Bio Medical Waste

Waste Category

1 2

Human Anatomical Waste Animal Waste Microbiology & Biotechnology Wastes Solid Wastes Waste Sharps Discarded Medicines & Cytotoxic Drugs Solid Waste Liquid Waste Incineration Ash Chemical Waste

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Table - 29 Bio Medical Waste Quantity of Waste (Kg/Monthly Average) Previous Year Current Year

Treatment and Disposal practice in adoption

Remarks

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F. Part F: Occupational Health & Safety Particulars

Table - 30 Part F: Occupational Health & Safety Previous year Current year Departmental Contractual Total Departmental Contractual

Remark Total

Accidents Fatal Serious Injury Minor injury Periodical Health Check up Occupational disease Hearing impairment & check up Health camps in peripheral villages/ No of persons

G. Part G: Impact of Pollution Control Measures on Cost of Production

SN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Table – 31 Part G: Impact of Pollution Control Measures On Cost Of Production Up to Previous Current Year Head year(Rs) (Rs) Capital Works Fugitive dust suppression arrangement/Rain guns installations Installation of instant shower Construction of Concrete roads/Bituminous roads Construction of Check dam/siltation pond/Sedimentation tank/Garland drains Construction of Sedimentation tank/ETP/STP Rain water harvesting/water conservation measures Others Revenue Works ETP & STP running & maintenance Water cess Environment Monitoring Consent to operate fees Bituminous Road /Concrete road maintenance cost Dust suppression arrangements External monitoring costs Operation & maintenance costs of Rain guns/sprinklers/instant showers Plantation Brooming and cleaning of road Expenditure incurred on disposal of hazardous waste, Bio medical wastes etc. Maintenance of Rain water harvesting/water conservation measures Cleaning & maintenance cost of silt arresting structures Scientific study Others Total Coal Production in the year Environment management cost per tonne

Proposed for Next year (Rs)

Total Cost of Environmental Management during ----- year was Rs ----- per tonne of coal H. Part-H: Additional Measures/Investment Proposal for Environmental Protection Including Abatement of Pollution, Prevention of Pollution In order to carry out mining in an eco- friendly manner, a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) was prepared by Regional Institute – of CMPDIL. The main pollution control measures suggested in EMP along with the measures implemented so far have been summarized in the Table – 1.1 to 1.3. Sl No 1) 2) 3) 4)

Table - 1.1 Air Pollution Control Measures EMP Provisions Water and grading of all roads to minimize air borne dust from vehicles. Biological reclamation of land Green belt around mine & infrastructures. Drills filled with dust control devices.

Whether Provided or not

Remarks

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5) 6) 7)

Sl No 1)

Dust suppression /dust extraction system to be provided in CHP. Improved maintenance of plant & machinery. Mechanized coal transportation system Table - 1.2 Water Pollution Control Measures Whether Provided or not

EMP Provisions

Remarks

Mine water is to be collected in central sump on dip side of pit. This will act as sedimentation lagoon Run – off around reclamation area will be controlled by providing catch drains and sedimentation lagoon Combination. Surface run- off from external dump would be collected through a series of contour drains which would be connected to a water retention pond. The clear water from this pond will be discharged to natural water course. Domestic waste water will be treated in screens, oxidation pond/ aerated lagoon. Sanitary waste to be disposed off into septic tank & soak- pit. Workshop effluents will be treated in oil & grease trap & sedimentation tank Table – 1.3 Land Reclamation

2) 3) 4) 5)

Sl no.

Whether Provided or not

EMP Provisions

Remarks

Top soil Management : Proper stripping, Storage and Relocation of top Soil. Physical Reclamation of OB dump: Proper reshaping and regarding of top surface, Providing drainage arrangements and top soil spreading for external and internal dumps Biological Reclamation: Plantation of suitable species of herbs, shrubs & indigenous trees over technically reclaimed dumps

Part-I: Any Other Particulars for Improving the Quality of the Environment

S. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6

Table - 32 Part-I: Any Other Particulars for Improving the Quality of the Environment PARTICULARS Environmental Audit Energy conservation measures by opting for Renewable Energy/ Energy saving light fixtures/purchase preference of electric saving items Water conservation measures & attempts made for zero discharge from the mines. Construction of Underground bunkers for storage of coal to reduce the continuous belt running. Positive Forest Balance Others

Part J: Status of Works Done Under Corporate Social Responsibility during the Year Table - 33 Part J: Status of Works Done Under Corporate Social Responsibility during the Year SN PARTICULARS COST STATUS REMARKS 1

CAPITAL NATURE WORKS:

REVENUE NATURE WORK TOTAL

V. CONCLUSION   

The developed Environmental statement is a very simplified format and will have following advantages. The compliances to be done as per different statutes at different periodicity has been brought at one platform and the periodicity has been kept uniform for ease of comparison as well as reporting, thereby making it comprehensive and simple. The developed method specific to Indian Coal Industry has been arranged into media specific impacts of environmental pollutants of the processes involved in the industry. Specific measures taken to improve the resource conservation have been considered

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ERM, 1996, Thompson and Therivel, 1991) Welford, R J, and Gouldson, A P (1993) Environmental Management and Business Strategy Rtman Publishing, London http://www.snh.org.uk/publications/on-line/advisorynotes/45/45.htm https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/conenv/envi1128/reading-BharagavaWelford.pdf Shyam Divan and Armin Rosencranz “Environmental Law & policy in India “, Oxford University Press 2010 Corporate Environmental Policy of Coal India Limited Rai V.K. , Raman, NS,Chouhary S.K., Environmental Audit in Indian Coal Industry IJSRSET | Volume 1 | Issue 1 | ISSN: 2394-4099, pp 220-225. Environmental Audit of Ukni opencast Mines, Ukni of Western Coalfields Limited, Nagpur by Natioal Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI),April 1995

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