Energy Generation by using Speed Breakers

IJIRST –International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology| Volume 4 | Issue 2 | July 2017 ISSN (online): 2349-6010

Energy Generation by using Speed Breakers Mihir Patel Student Department of Mechanical Engineering Sardar Patel College of Engineering

Henil Vala Student Department of Mechanical Engineering Sardar Patel College of Engineering

Rajput Tejas Student Department of Mechanical Engineering Sardar Patel College of Engineering

Ammar Vhora Student Department of Mechanical Engineering Sardar Patel College of Engineering

Jayesh Patel Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering Sardar Patel College of Engineering

Abstract Nowadays, in Speed breaker systems that receive their kinematic energy from vehicles passing over them in which generated kinetic and potential energies are converted to electrical energy. The speed bumps systems transfer energy in axial direction by means of spring in which energy is stored during operation. Speed bumps constitute an excellent solution for energy recovery in countries that are poor in national energy resources such As Lebanon; Lebanon suffers from limited natural resources that are used in generating electrical power. Hence, lighting streets during night time is a secondary to the local authorities since providing power to streets lighting needs a considerable amount of power. In this context, the present work concerns a prototype of speed bumps as well as an experimental study of the system performance.

Keywords: Speed Breaker, spring, Shaft _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ I.

INTRODUCTION

Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kinds of works done by human beings and nature. Everything what happens in the world is the expression of flow of energy in one of its forms. Most people use the word energy for input to their bodies or to the machines and thus think about crude fuels and electric power. Energy in the form of electricity plays a very important role in the life of a normal man. Electricity is one of the greatest wonders of science. Next to man, it is the most important and revolutionary creation in this world of ours. It has practically revolutionized the world. The modern age has, therefore, been truly called the “age of electricity.”

Nowadays, Electricity has completely revolutionized the methods of travel and transport .It has enabled us to travel in airplanes and fly into cold atmosphere of the sky. We also have electric trains in our country. So today our whole life style is dependent on electricity with the increasing population the use of electric power is also increasing. But we know that the resources to generate electricity are limited. During this scenario we need to generate electricity from things used in day-to-day life. In this project we have tried to generate electricity through speed breakers present on roads. As we know that vehicles on road are increasing day by day this will help us to generate electricity as these vehicles pass through the speed breakers. This electricity generated can be used for different purpose such as lighting of signals and streetlights on road etc.

II. PRINCIPLE OF WORKING

Fig. 1: Model of Toll Gate

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org

144

Energy Generation by using Speed Breakers (IJIRST/ Volume 4 / Issue 2 / 023)

The principle of the electric power generation using speed breaker mechanism is very simple. It is based on the same principle as in the case of electricity generation in case of hydroelectric power plant, thermal electric power plant, nuclear power plant, etc. In all of the above power plant mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. In this setup also mechanical energy is converted into electrical power using a D.C. generator. Here the vertical motion of the top of the speed breaker is converted into the rotational motion, which in turn rotates the generator and generates electricity. The vertical movement of spring is converted into rotary motion of gear and that gears are attached with DC generator so the mechanical power is converted into electric power.

III. NAME OF THE COMPONENTS Components are used in the generation of electricity power using speed breaker are as follows.

Table – 1 Name of Components SR.NO. COMPONENTS (1) Pinion gears (2) Helical gears (3) Helical Spring (4) Box Spanner Socket (5) Shaft (6) Ball Bearing (7) Side plate (8) Hand lever

IV. WORKING OF THE MODEL The working of this speed breaker arrangement for producing electricity is very simple. There are large numbers of automobiles running on the road. This automobile passes over a number of speed breakers on the road. The vehicle of different variety of weight like trucks, buses, cars, and two wheelers are passing over a speed breaker and energy is wasted. So when the vehicle will come on the speed breaker because of its weight the top portion of the speed breaker moves down wards and the shaft consisting of the U portion rotated in a particular direction. Due to this rotation of the shaft the sprocket will rotate and the rotational energy from one shaft is transferred to the other shaft with the help of chain drive mechanism. This rotates the gear on the bottom shaft, which in turn will help to rotate the gear placed on generator. This rotation of the gear starts the generator and generates electricity which can be stored in the battery and can be converted in AC current using inverter and used for lighting of the lamps, signals sign boards on the road.

Fig. 2: Energy Generating Mechanism

On the other hand when the vehicles have passed over the bump the top will retain its position with the help of the spring provide and the chain drive will rotate in the reverse direction without rotating the gears as in case of the bicycle where the bicycle moves ahead when force is applied on the pedal but when the pedal is rotated in the reversed direction the bicycle moves in the reverse direction. Thus power is generated only during the downward motion and not in the reversed motion of the top portion of the breaker

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org

145

Energy Generation by using Speed Breakers (IJIRST/ Volume 4 / Issue 2 / 023)

V. DESIGN OF COMPONENTS

SR.NO. 1

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Table – 2 Specification of Components COMPONENTS SPECIFICATIONS Voltage: 12 MOTOR Type: D.C. Generator rpm: 1200rpm Material: mild steel No. Of teeth: 56(big gear) GEAR No. Of teeth: 48(small gear) type: spur gear No. of gear used:2 Load bearing capacity :1-2 tons SPRING (ii)material: mild steel (iii)total displacement: 2 inch (i)Number of teeth on big sprocket :48 CHAIN & SPROCKET (ii)number of teeth on small sprocket 19 (iii)distance between the center 16 cms (i)Type: rolling contact bearing BEARING (ii) Bearing no. N40 (i)Diameter: 82mm SHAFT: (ii)material: mild steel (iii)length : 1000mm

Design of Spring

Fig. 3: spring

SR. NO. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Table - 3 Mathematical Calculation Table: NAME DIMENSION IN (MM) Diameter of wire 22 Pitch 40.22 Outside diameter 176 Inside diameter 132 Mean diameter 154 Full length 241.3

Let, τ = 0.5 Sut = 0.5 x 1050 =525 N/mm2 4c − 1 0.615 K= + 4c − 4 7 27 0.615 = + 24 7 = 1.2129 8PC Now, τ = K [ 2] πd 8x11000x7

= 1.2129[ ] πd2 =22 mm Mean diameter= 24x7=154mm Inside diameter=154+22=176mm Outside diameter=154-22=132mm

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org

146

Energy Generation by using Speed Breakers (IJIRST/ Volume 4 / Issue 2 / 023)

Number of active coils, 8PD3 N δ= Gd4 8x(11000−9160)x1543 xN 12= 81370x224 N= 4.25 N ≈ 5 coil Total number of coil=5+2=7 Free length, 8PD3 N δ= Gd4 8x11000x1543 x5 = 81370x224 = 84.3mm F.L= solid length axial load+δ = 154+ (7-1)0.5+84.3 = 241.3mm 11000−9160 Spring rate= 12 = 153.3mm Design of Shaft

Fig. 4: Shaft

Table - 4 Mathematical Calculation Table: SR.NO. (1) (2)

NAME Diameter of shaft Length of shaft

DIMENSION IN (MM) 82 1000

Design of Shaft 60đ?‘ƒ Torque, đ?‘‡ = 1 đ?‘Ľ106 đ?‘Ľ60

2đ?œ‹đ?‘

= 2đ?œ‹đ?‘ T = 7957.79 x 106 Nmm Now, đ?‘‡ = 16đ?‘‡ đ?‘‘3 = đ?œ‹đ?œ? d = 82mm

đ?œ‹đ?œ?đ?‘‘ 3 16

VI. ADVANTAGES     

Generation of power without polluting the environment.

Simple construction, mature technology and easy maintenance.

No fuel transportation required.

No consumption of any fossil fuel which is non-renewable source of energy.

No external source is needed for power generation.

VII. APPLICATIONS This technique can be used in all highways and roadways Speed breaker. The mechanism of generating electricity can be placed

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org

147

Energy Generation by using Speed Breakers (IJIRST/ Volume 4 / Issue 2 / 023)

on the actual speed breaker of the roads. The power is generated when the vehicles pass through it. Which in can be stored in the battery. This power can be used in many places after using the inverter, which enhances in the voltage from 12 volts to 230 volts.

This power can be used in the following:  Street lights.  Road signals  Sign board on the roads  Lighting of the bus stop  Lighting of the check post on the highways.

VIII. CONCLUSION This method has many advantages such as Power generation does not require any fuel input, Running cost is very less.

Also non-conventional form of energy and therefore very useful in the present scenario of energy crisis. As coin has two faces in the same way there are also some disadvantages such as Mechanical moving parts is high and therefore there are very large frictional losses and therefore require more maintenance, Initial cost of this arrangement is very high also The overall efficiency is quite low as compared to other techniques.

REFERENCES [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

Aniket Mishra, has worked on energy generation by speed breakers Dave Jaymin J. has worked on Electricity generation process Sharma.P.C, Principle of renewable energy systems (Public printing service, New Delhi, 2003).

Sharma.P.C, Non-Conventional power plants (Public printing service, New Delhi, 2003).

Mukherjee.D Chakrabarti.S. S, Nonconventional power plants (Public printing service, New Delhi, 2005).

Ankita, MeenuBala, Power Generation from Speed Breakers, International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, 2(2), 2013.

Miller R, Power System Operation, (McGraw- Hill, New York, 1970).

R.S Khurmi (Machine Design) Sharma &Aggarwal (Machine Design) Miller R, Power System Operation, (McGraw- Hill, New York, 1970).

R. Gupta, Sharma, "A Revolutionary Technique of Power Generation from speed breaker, International Journal of Engineering Research and technology, 2013 [12] “Every speed breaker is now a source of power”, IPCBEE Vol.1, 2011.

All rights reserved by www.ijirst.org

148