International Journal of Research in Advent Technology, Vol.2, No.8, June 2014 E-ISSN: 2321-9637
Traffic Light Control System using 434 MHz Radio Frequency M. H. A. Ilmudin1, N. M. Z. Hashim2, A. S. Ja’afar3, A. Salleh4, A. Jaafar5, M. F. M. Sam6 Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Faculty of Electronic and Computer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Faculty of Technology Management & Entrepreneurship 6, University Teknikal Malaysia Engineering 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Melaka (UTeM), Hang Tuah Jaya 76100, Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia 1 2 Email: hakim.mohd90@gmailcom , nikzarifie@utem.edu.my , shukur@utem.edu.my3, azahari@utem.edu.my4,anuarjaafar@utem.edu.my5, mohd.fazli@utem.edu.my6 Abstract- Traffic congestion problem is the phenomena which contributed a huge obstacle to the transportation system. This will cause many problems mainly when there are emergency cases at traffic light intersections which are always busy and jammed with many vehicles. This situation becomes more crucial when special routing is not provided for the emergency vehicles such as ambulance, patrol car and fire truck when red sign light. To overcome this situation, a traffic light controller system for emergency vehicle using 434 MHz Radio and Programmable Integrated Circuit (PIC) is designed to help traffic control and also other road users when emergency situation occurs. The system works when an emergency vehicle approaching the traffic light intersections, the emergency vehicle will send a signal via dedicated device to the receiver at traffic light. The receiver or controller receives emergency signals; it changes the traffic red light to green light in a specific duration of time. This system will help to reduce accidents which happen at the traffic light intersections because of other vehicle had to huddle for given route to emergency vehicle. The traffic light control system for emergency vehicle using radio frequency (RF) assisted the emergency vehicle to cross at the intersection of traffic light. In the future, the development of this system can be improved by analyzing the stability of Radio Frequency system e.g. frequency range and can be developed for real traffic light system. Index Terms- PIC 16F877A, Radio Frequency (RF), Sequence Control, Traffic Light 1. INTRODUCTION Traffic light system is built to avoid road accidents that occur at major intersections. The systems of traffic lights at every intersection to some extent interfere with emergency vehicles to move smoothly into the emergency area (Azwan et al. 2008). To overcome this situation, RF signal is used to control traffic light system when emergency vehicle approaching the traffic light. The development of the proposed traffic light control system using RF signal consist transmitter and receiver. In addition RF signal is proposed due to fact that RF signal can cover large area and more reliable. Besides that, transmitter will send data or message to trigger the emergency mode for traffic light system, the receiver will capture those signal and send it to Programmable Integrated Circuit (PIC) (Vlad et al. 2008; Woodbridge et al. 2010; Zhang and Yan 2009). PIC16F877A will trigger the emergency mode sequence when it received RF signal from the emergency vehicle and change back to normal mode sequence. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW Intelligent traffic light to recognize vehicles in emergencies and give them priority and let them pass the signals as early as possible by using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) (Talluri and Kumar M 2013). The system was installed in vehicles of any government higher officials, ambulances or any others
or whom time is critical. Every time a vehicle with emergency enters a road blocked with many other vehicles on the road with the RFID card is taken out, the signal lights in that lane are given to the green signal. They are maintained green signal till it reaches the required opposite lane. An intelligent ambulance and traffic control shown the unique feature which is very useful to ambulance drivers to take an alternate route in case of congestion (Kale and Dhok 2013). The various performance evaluation criteria are average waiting time, average distance traveled by vehicles, switching frequency of green light at a junction, efficient emergency mode operation and satisfactory operation of SMS using GSM Mobile (Chavan, Deshpande, and Rana 2009). The traffic light system using Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) was dynamically adaptive to traffic conditions on both single and multiple intersections (Shruthi and Vinodha 2012). An intelligent traffic light controller system with a new method of vehicle detection and dynamic traffic signal time manipulation is used in the project. The project uses fuzzy logic to define the direction of emergency vehicles to avoid collisions. Intelligent Traffic Lights Based on RFID with this system considered the priority of different type of vehicles and also considers the density of traffic on the roads by installing RF reader on the road intersections. Radio frequency identification is a
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