Adam Han-Gorski 1940-1945 War Years

arno haan 1940 - 1945 WAR YEARS

Lwรณw Jaworรณw

Katowice

Krakรณw

KRAKÓW

starowiล lna 41

krakรณw

1930S My parents met in 1930 after my mother came back from Berlin Music Academy.

A friend had introduced them - mentioning being impressed with his photography skills, a rarity at the time.

They married in 1935.

During the few years preceding WWII, my parents lived in Krakow with my maternal grandparents.

MY MOTHER’S PARENTS AND SISTER LIVED IN KRAKOW My grandfather was a watchmaker.

Israel Piltz grandfather

Brucha Gerstenfeld Piltz grandmother

Blanka Piltz aunt

SEPTEMBER 1, 1939 When the Nazis attacked Poland, my Father and Mother (two months pregnant with me) decided to run away to the East… …to my paternal Grandparents who lived in the shtetl of Jaworów (30km west from Lwów). The harrowing escape, with the surrounding bedlam in which they lost their beloved Collie, took many days.

JAWORÓW

SEPTEMBER 1939 Shortly after they arrived, the Germans took over Lwรณw.

Knowing what to expect, the family decided to commit suicide.

A friendly Ukrainian, who already knew about Ribbentrop-Molotov pact signed on August 23 told them not to do anything rash.

SEPTEMBER 1, 1939 GERMANY INVADES POLAND THEN SEPTEMBER 17, SOVIETS TAKE LWÓW t c a P p o r t n e b b i R – v o t o l Mo

[1] e act, th

op Pa r t n e b b i R Molotov– n-

ct

viet P Nazi–So e viet No h t o t c S a s – a P n t n a e w i o v m -So o kn Ger German Pact, als i z p a o n Pact N r t ] o d e i 3 n n h ][ s e t a [2 s b r y e b o i n r a g R ag erm ct otov– between G ssion Pa e The Mol n r g io s g s a e i r z n a g No en N on-ag –Soviet act betwe eaty of N r p T y : t y li ll German a ] r ia t 6 [4][5][ (offic [a] was a neu by foreign , on 9 ) i s 3 s c s 9 li 1 e b r t u g s p g u of A st Re 3 Aug [8] The pact iet Sociali cow on 2 s v o o S M . f o ly in e n d iv e t io c n n e ig n s , resp the U oviet Unio v Molotov S la . s e e h t h c d a y n a dV uary 1940 r n a b e p F o r t in Germany n t men Ribbe cial Agree r chim von e a o m J m s r o e C t by viet minis confirmed erman-So , G s r e e h t w o y p b ed e tw o fter was follow e tw e e n th b t s e mended a r a e t y t in a e f r o T s here ntier t he oviet Fro ted the sp S a e – n n a li ars, until e e m d r y e t c o G a w p t e h e t Th nearly ol of t he force for ry protoc a t in n e d attack on e m n le in a a p p g m u e in s r h the . It unc [2] of Poland pact by la 941. e n 1 h io t e s n a d u v e J d in 2 n on 2 ler e the joint Adolf Hit arbarossa f B o n t io n t e a r m e g Op overn e land durin German g o P elligerenc n r b e t n s o a n E f o in antee itions r itten guar r Soviet pos w a at neithe d h e t id t v n o e r p m mit Pact lared com azi-Soviet c e N d e h ddition to t a a f o n d I s n . e a s y t u , r r a la othe er p The c rds the of the oth a y w o m t e t divided n a y e t h r t n a l a p o , c o id h t c a t pro o, or by e a d a secre lly itself t e a d lu ld c u o German o t in w in y t t , a n ia e e r n t a m Rom n, the govern ing land, and aggressio in F n , o political trop shak n ia n n f e d o o b t n s a s ib E n R , l io d ia t ritoria , Latv stipula Stalin an the pact f n 1 Lithuania ting "ter o o , a d g ip d n in ic n la t n o la n ig o a P s of , ed P s after the influence" territories d ny invad n a f a o m h r f e o 9. s G e n r , t invasio st 23, 193 t "sphe hereafter u ie ie T v g v o u . o S s A S e ie n r h t t o d n an cou ered hin o f t he s e 9 Stalin ord " h s t p n e the Khalk e s o t m J a e g r e st 23, 193 e n ir u d f a r g a e r s u le a A e n rea c io e s n in pane iet U Signed Soviet-Ja a regions n 1939. Sov ll a r a r e S e b t f d m a n e t a y w, Russia da lia Sep o e e c r n s a o o K , r d M e e e h b w t follo ion 17 Septem , parts of Location . This was r a Soviet Un W ] In November , Poland on r [9 R e t S in F S W ia n . e t oma e r th into effec Union aft arts of R t p ie v d o n S a Gol came e , 3, 1949 th ia 2 n y t t a b s u u o u d h b g e a it u x L e A n n r tvia, once ere an xpiration tonia, La vertised c E s d Finland w E A . f ) o n t io s ie g (planned) the Sov ertza re nexation r n H o a f e h t n t ie io t d v a n o 1 stific

by S ina, a e 22, 194 went rn Bukov fered as ju n f e u it o h J r t s r p a o , n t N e c , e a ia the p had b (Bessarab larusians 0 violated e 4 B 9 ctively) 1 d e n ff in a e a ( s in n v ia o k in ra [10] n of Bu ethnic Uk Axis.

0, 1941 in's invasio

LWÓW

SEPTEMBER 17, 1939 The Soviets annex the eastern part of Poland, ceasing it’s existence.

Jews were saved… for a while.

Red Army cavalry entering Lwów, 1939

LWÓW - SEPT 1939 My parents found work.

My Father got a job as a worker at the Lwów Opera.

My mother, a concert pianist, started working with the Ukrainian Ensemble “Trembita.”

1939-1940 LWĂ“W My parents were assigned a room at 50 Sophia St.

KATARZYNA CHYTRA ‘Kazia’ Katarzyna Chytra was originally employed by the owners - the Salomon family (involved in Polmin Oil), to cook & care for the house at 50 Sophia St. When the Soviets took control of Lwów they were sent to Siberia as industrialists the enemy of the people. She stayed on as administrator of the property.

MY MOTHER’S YOUNGEST AUNT, HENYA ALSO MOVED TO LWÓW

Henya Piltz Weinstock great aunt

MARCH 26, 1940 I WAS BORN AS ARNOLD LEON HAAN Haan was my Father’s family name. My grandmother named me Arnold Leon (after a deceased uncle) during a naming without my mother present.

Soon after, my mother changed it to Arno and dropped the Leon

SPRING - SUMMER 1940 During the first months of my life, Kazia took care of me while my parents were working.

My mother had to go on tour for months to the Russian Far East July 1940.

SPRING - SUMMER 1940

Not long after my mother returned, 
 she had to leave again for another tour.

JUNE 1941 The Germans attacked the Soviet Union violating the ‘Molotov-Ribbentrop pact,’ and two things happened to my family…

AUGUST 1941 1.

My mother was stranded with the Ensemble in Soviet Kazakhstan… over 3000 miles away.

Lwów

Alma-Ata

August 1941 2.

My father had to go back to his family in Jaworรณw. โ จ He took me with him.

Synagogue

JAWORÓW

MY FATHER’S FAMILY LIVED IN JAWORÓW

Isaac Haan

uncle, Physician

Bernard Haan

Chaim Salomon Haan

uncle, Artist/teacher

grandfather/Innkeeper

In 1941 2,700 Jews lived in Jaworów, which comprised 27% of its total population. In the winter of 1941/1942 the Germans created a ghetto in Jaworów in which they gathered over 5,000 Jews. In November 1942 the Nazis transported the Jews of Jaworów to the extermination camp in Bełżec.

AUGUST 1941 My grandfather was the first one to be taken away by the Germans.

He was never to be seen or heard of again.

Chaim Salomon Haan grandfather

SPRING 1942 My father met Kazimierz Seko at the MTS Tractor Repair station

“Haan passed out!”

Seko gave him first aid. He also arranged for my father to be retrained for lighter work… from a blacksmiths’ assistant to a tractor operator. This also allowed him more time outside the Ghetto.

The two formed a close lifelong relationship which would prove life saving again later.

MTS TRACTOR REPAIR STATION A narrowly rolled Star of David arm band can be seen on his right arm.

The above photo was taken by Kazimierz Seko, who was in charge of a tractor repair station, It shows the workers, some of whom were brought from the Jaworow Ghetto, including my father, on the the far right in the first row.

Szymon Haan

SPRING 1942 While in the Jaworรณw Ghetto, my father worked at a tractor repair station.

The family asked Kazia to take me to my maternal grandparents in Krakow.

1942 One day, three Nazis passing on a motorcycle in the JaworĂłw Ghetto saw Isaak Haan walking by and they had beaten him severely.

My Grandma said, she was taking care of him for several weeks. She remembered that he would always freeze, when seeing a German uniform after that.

At some point, he was accosted by an SS Officer and ordered to polish the officer’s boots.

Going rather awkwardly about it, he was asked if he were a carpenter or so.

Hearing Isaak was a physician/surgeon, the officer changed totally and somehow made his existence tolerable.

FALL 1942 Isaak’s SS connection saved my Grandma’s life as she, with the rest of her family, was already taken to a liquidation field. She saw members of her family, cousins and sister first hide their jewelry (she told me how she was shaking her head at such hopelessness) and witnessed many shot to death in front of her eyes.

Somehow, before her turn, her son Isaak appeared with that Nazi and got her out of there.

A German policeman shoots individual Jewish women who remain alive in the ravine after the mass execution. (Oct. 1942) [Photo credits: Main Commission for the Investigation of Nazi War Crimes]

6 KILOS OF GOLD My fathers’ life-saving discovery of gold…

One day while working on a house he noticed a slightly uneven wall. He broke it open…and discovered gold.

He managed to get it all with Kazias’ help. It enabled her to pull through many hairy situations. to discuss later: It also saved his life, when used to bribe a high ranking officer and facilitated his escape from the labor camp.

6 kilos = ~16 pounds

LATE FALL 1942 Knowing the daily uncertainty, my father prepared a possible way of escape.

One night came the “action.�

My father jumped out the window into the street, tore off the armband, walked slowly to the next corner and ran away. Supposedly, there were shots. He crawled under the Ghetto wire-fence on the other side of the street to the MTS compound.

It was late fall and getting dark early. Seko left after work with a flashlight and figured, he could have hidden in a hall next to the workshop. Seko started calling him and he did answer saying, that he was too stiff from cold to even move from his hiding.

His escape got pretty known and there was imminent threat from both the Nazis and the Ukrainian Police.

END OF 1942 “the less you know, the longer you live” Seko could not hide my father any longer and contacted a friend at MTS in Tarnopol. He was able to provide him work.

Somehow, my father had gotten fake papers for “Tadeusz Górski” and Seko confirmed his working at the MTS for the new name. He even managed to pay his previous salary for his real name.

Seko drove him with the service truck to Lwów to the train to Tarnopol.

Few days later came a postcard that he got there safely. The summer season was over, so he re-trained to an electrician and signed the card as “Tadek” - Teddy.

“Tadeusz Górski”

DECEMBER 1942 My father volunteers for a “Dirty Dozen” organized by the Germans to help the Wehrmacht.

As the Germans were recruiting volunteers for the Eastern Front (Operation Todt), Seko saw an opportunity for Szymon to get to the East and be closer to the wild chance of being able to escape by switching sides and join his wife.

Expecting trouble with the medical exam, he said he had phlegmona (a disease that required circumcision).

He went to bid Seko farewell in a brand new German uniform.

operation todt

Dnieper River crossing toward Kiev

MY FATHER ESCAPED TO THE RUSSIAN SIDE My father said he survived 3 days in a row hiding in the woods with 24/7 firepower all around.

The Battle of the Dnieper was a military campaign that took place in 1943 on the Eastern Front. It was one of the largest operations in World War II, involving almost 4,000,000 troops stretched on a 1,400 kilometers (870 mi) long front. During its fourmonth duration, the eastern bank of the Dnieper was recovered from German forces by five of the Red Army’s fronts, which conducted several assault river crossings to establish several lodgements on the western bank. Subsequently, Kiev was liberated in the Battle of Kiev.

As soon as he came out on the Russian side, he was imprisoned in the Gulag charged as a Germans spy. His explanation of wanting to join his wife was useless. They checked the fact that my mother was indeed stationed and employed in Alma-Ata proving he was telling the truth, but it did not help him in any way and most likely he would have seen the end of his days out in Donbas coal mines…

SPRING 1943 My Grandmother, aunt and cousin went into hiding.

I do not know exact time when my uncles (Isaak & Bernard) dug out a hole in a barn of a friendly farmer’s house which was being covered with a rabbit cage during the day.

Grandma used to tell me, that one wouldn’t believe how loud a rabbit could tap his foot…

My grandma, aunt Anna and cousin Zbyszek survived in that hole for around 18 months. I heard that the were later hidden by a shoemaker with the help of Ks. Holub, a Catholic Priest.

In gratitude, my aunt and cousin converted, changed their identity and became fervent practicing Catholics.

1944 My fathers brothers’ fate was unknown until we were doing additional research for this talk.

One accounting says they were eventually killed in Sambor after they fled the ghetto following several liquidations.

Isaac Haan

uncle, Surgeon

Bernard Haan

uncle, Artist/teacher

BACK IN KRAKÓW…

MARCH 3, 1941 From March 3–20, 1941, German authorities announce, establish, and seal a ghetto in Krakow, Poland. Between 15,000 and 20,000 Jews are forced to live within the ghetto boundaries, which are enclosed by barbed-wire fences and a stone wall.

MARCH 3,1941 My Grandmother, Brucha (Gerstenfeld) Piltz wrote to my mother Excerpts in red frame:

“Our only joy is to see the photos of the child… Try to send any recent ones, they are accompanying grandma to work, making it easier…” …do you have someone reliable for the child? Do you visit with your in-laws?

This postcard, dated March 3rd, 1941 was sent three weeks before my latter, official birthdate of March 26, 1941.

starowiślna 41 to rękawka 47 to dabrówki 9 in the kraków ghetto

Rękawka 47

NOVEMBER 20, 1941

A photo of me on a sled, wintertime in Krakow 1941/42

1941/42

January 2018

NOVEMBER 20, 1941 My grandparents, aunt and I are now at Dąbrówki 9 in Podgórze, which was also the Ghetto area.

She writes to my father… not to worry about the child.

“ a lot of people are being deported for no reason, we were saved so far and pray to God, to let us stay, but there are surprises… We would like to stay here and not move anymore…”

“The child is delightful, when I show him a card and ask from whom, he says ‘Daddy’.

Keep up the spirits, etc”

I visited Dabrowki 9 in 2012

THE LAST POSTCARD…

My grandparents also sent a cable to father and Kazia…

JUNE 6,1942 Sensing imminent doom, my grandmother sent a postcard to Kazia imploring her to get the child out mentioning that “should they arrive wherever they were going to be sent, alive, they would take me immediately back.�

Brucha Gerstenfeld Piltz grandmother

JUNE 1942 left in krakow - and rescued Kazia managed to came to get me out of the Krakรณw ghetto the same day they were deported and brought me safely back to Lwรณw.

JUNE 1 & 6, 1942 Along with over 7,000 others, my maternal grandparents and aunt were deported from the Krakow ghetto on trains to the Bełşec death camp.

Israel Piltz grandfather

Brucha Gerstenfeld Piltz grandmother

Blanka Piltz aunt

JUNE 1942 - KRAKOW GHETTO DEPORTATION TO BELZEC

HIDDEN IN LWÓW WITH KAZIA

OCTOBER 15, 1941 In spite of my total unawareness of the surrounding dangers, I and the entire Witz family lived in life jeopardy for almost three years.

NOTICE Concerning: the Sheltering of Escaping Jews. ....There is a need for a reminder, that in accordance with paragraph 3 of the decree of October 15, 1941, on the Limitation of Residence in General Government (page 595 of the GG Register) Jews leaving the Jewish Quarter without permission will incur the death penalty. ....According to this decree, those knowingly helping these Jews by providing shelter, supplying food, or selling them foodstuffs are also subject to the death penalty ....This is a categorical warning to the non-Jewish population against: 1) Providing shelter to Jews, 2) Supplying them with Food, 3) Selling them Foodstuffs. Dr. Franke – Town Commander – Częstochowa 9/24/42

MY BIRTH YEAR CHANGED Discrepancy in my birth date documents Kazia had to organize false papers for the registry and baptism. When confronted with the priest’s question: why so late, she made up a story about wanting to wait with the ceremony until after the boy’s father would return from the front, but was just notified that he fell in the war.

Thus I got my birthdate as 1941 and so it stayed.

JUNE 1942 When Kazia saved me, I was baptized as Adam Chytra Anticipating the priests’ question of delay, she shared that she waited in hopes the father would have come back from the front.

(her maiden name, Chytra, means in Polish: “shrewd” Nomen-Omen).

1942 Kazia marries Jan Witz, a Pole who served as an Ulan in the Austrian Cavalry in the WWI. In October of 1942 Katarzyna married Jan Witz, a widower with two grown up daughters. His son was murdered by the Nazis in the famous action to liquidate Lwów’s intelligentsia.

I was now Adam Witz.

I became the substitute for his lost son

HIDDEN IN PLAIN SIGHT 1942 - 1945 To keep me safe, Kazia had to move three times.

1. When followed by a nosy neighbor.

2. After sudden “visit” by SS-man. Like through a miracle, her being a seamstress she just tried on me a girl’s dress. My father Witz knew a Wehrmacht soldier who visited us sometimes so I heard them speaking German. Seeing a familiar uniform I greeted the intruder per “Guten Molgen” - he was apparently dumbfounded expecting a boy and asked Kazia if I was her child. Yes, she answered to which he excused himself and left. She immediately moved to another part of town…

3. Not sure…

Zofia St. • Ponińskiego St. • St. Anna St.

1943 - 1944 I attended church services every Sunday.

Kazia’s father was greek orthodox (Ukrainian) and her mother Polish catholic - she was not a practicing any religion, but Witz would regularly attend the Sunday Mass and it was my event of the week.

I was happy to go with my beloved ‘Dad’ to church and than ride the streetcars for hours all over the city (he referred to me as his war pal).

JULY 26, 1944 At the time the Red Army liberated Lwรณw, there were very few Jews left.

JULY 26, 1944 After the Red Army arrived in Lwów, my mother was able to return home.

As improbable as it sounds, she accidentally ran in to Kazia on the street and this was the first time she found out I was alive.

When Kazia brought her to ‘our’ apartment, she was introduced to me as a new “Aunt.” I was quite intrigued by that strange woman and asked Kazia, whether this “Aunt” could stay with us overnight.

Things have changed dramatically, when another incredible event happened.

My grandmother succeeded to have found an officer of the Red Army, who managed to have gotten my father out of the Gulag and bring him to Lwรณw (another remarkable story).

GULAG VISIT FALL 1944 My mother and aunt travelled days by train to see my father in the gulag near Donbass.

It was a long journey from Lwów. After my aunt and grandma came out of hiding - and my other was back from Alma-Ata, my mother and aunt spent days traveling to visit my father in the gulag. They picked out the worst clothes to look haggard yet they still stuck out. (…homeless teens could kill for a pair of shoes) At one point when changing trains they walked into a dark wagon.

As my aunt lit up a candle they suddenly saw eyes starring at them ominously from the baggage shelves. They froze, but were saved by the light… as people waiting at the station opened doors and rushed into the only compartment with some light.

ESCAPE FROM PRISON CAMP MAY 1945 Grandmother managed to come across a ranking Russian officer that figured out a way to get my father out…for a handsome reward.

Kazia told me that they had taken handfuls of the leftover gold.

The officer demanded a plane and meeting apprehension of local authority, he said he had to take “Haan himself ” to Lwów. The ruse worked out and he landed with father.

His advise was to get out the new Poland as soon as possible.

1945 The moment my father appeared, my life had turned into a trauma.

The first shock came, when he got angry as I addressed him “Uncle,” “I am your father and this is your mother, not an aunt!”

I was not only dumbfounded, but also surprised that the ones I knew as my parents did not object, react or deny this claim.

I was still living with the Witz family until we left for Poland.

REPATRIATION 1945 - 1946 We were repatriated to Poland late in summer of ’45.

1945 and 1946, roughly 1,167,000 Poles left the westernmost republics of the Soviet Union, less than 50% of those who registered for population transfer.

AFTER THE SOVIET UNION ANNEXED THE EAST, JEWS & POLES WERE EXPELLED. Ukrainians were forced to stay despite their prewar Polish citizenship, Poles and Jews force to leave despite their ancient traditions in the region.

1945 - 1946 We were all transported in empty cargo trains west to be resettled in Poland.

My Mother and Father, Grandma, Aunt Anna, Zbyszek, Kazia and Jan, Kazimierz Seko and his family‌ We all shared a train cargo wagon on our way to Poland.

1945 experiencing devastation after the war

BACK IN POLAND

Bytom Gliwice Katowice

Jaworรณw Lwรณw

WEEKS IN WAITING 1945 We were placed together with many other families to stay in the 
 local theater lobby on cots and with strings hung for sheets as separation between families. It was several weeks until we were assigned an apartment.

Bytom before war was a German city - there were available apartments to take over since the Germans fled or were ousted.

GLIWICE 1946 Jan Witz got a place first and I continued living with them until my biological parents got an apartment.

Witz got a job as a railroad engineer in Gliwice (Gleiwitz) and I was lucky to stay with them for a short while.

DECEMBER 25, 1945

l-r: Elizabeth Witz, Eugenia (Anna), Rysia Witz, Kazia, Helena (Mother), Jan Witz, Mrs & Mr Wąsowicz (carpenter) in front: Ludka, Adaś, Zbyszek

BYTOM - 1946 My family, along with Sekos’ family, got apartments in the same building.

At that point, I was taken away from the Witz family for good and the emotional trauma never quite left me.

Cousins: Adaś & Zbyszek

My last name was changed from Witz to Górski after the fake papers my father was using after running away from the Ghetto.

BYTOM 1946 All of a sudden… there was not only no going to church, but a rather condescending attitude toward any religion.

I was not quite able to make any sense of it.

My mother worked for the Silesian Philharmonic in Katowice to coordinate artist groups and concerts for the working class and schools and was the orchestra pianist.

SUMMER 1946

AFTER THE WAR - 1946 My mother gave my a choice of learning to play piano or violin, I chose the latter.

NOVEMBER 28, 1946 My brother Uri was born. 
 My parents had never said word. 
 I heard from my cousin - you have a new brother!

Seko stayed in Bytom.

We moved to Katowice 1947/48.

KATOWICE

OUR NEW APARTMENT

1947

MARCH 1948

MARCH 1948 My solo debut with an orchestra was widely seen.

It was filmed by the National Newsreel and shown preceding the movies nationwide for weeks.

Thus the name of “Adaś Górski” became synonymous with the term “Wunderkind.”

Click to play video of newsreel

1948 Visiting in Wrocław with Major Igielski and his wife, whose apartment in Katowice we took over.

They were being resettled in Breslau.

Wrocław (Breslau)

SEPTEMBER 1948 I started school going directly into the 3rd grade.

I was wondering when I’d finally go to school.

With no valid birth certificate, my parents seized on the opportunity to make me a year younger.

I was the only Jew in my school.

(All though I did not know I was Jewish until years later)

Katowice

SOME OF THE IMMEDIATE RELATIVES WHO WERE MURDERED DURING THE HOLOCAUST.

I’M CONTINUING TO DISCOVER DETAILS OVER 70 YEARS LATER Even during preparation for this talk, I have been able to put more of the puzzle pieces together and continuing to discover my history.

THREE OF MY AUNTS WHO PERISHED (MANY MORE WERE LOST)

Antwerp

Paris

Berlin

My mother had registered with Yad Vashem over a dozen family members who perished in the holocaust. I’d never gotten to know most of them.

ARNOLD LEON HAAN ARNO HAAN ADAM CHYTRA ADAM WITZ ADAM (ADAŚ) GÓRSKI ADAM HAN-GORSKI

music@hangorski.com

MY FATHERS FAMILY

MY MOTHERS FAMILY

YAD VASHEM righteous among the nations

Honoring Kazimierz Seko for saving Szymon Haan click to see ceremony

Honoring Katarzyna & Jan Witz for saving Adam Han-Gorski

Krakow Ghetto - 2012

SEKO

LUDKA a reunion after almost 70 years later

OCTOBER 2014 Zofia Hübner was awarded the medal and certificate for saving Rachela, a Jewish girl. In December 1942, Zofia and her husband Alfred took in the four year old girl from an unknown woman and cared for her until the end of the war. Rachela grew up with Ewa, the Hübner’s daughter, who was three years younger.

Rachela took on a new identity. Her adoptive parents called her Ludwika Wołynia „Ludka” (using Zofia Hübner’s mother’s maiden name). After the war, Ludka was taken with a group of Jewish orphan transport to the new state of Israel, losing contact with the Hübner family. Today, she is called Lea Iko Simchai. Ewa, her adoptive sister, and Ludka searched for each other for many decades.

2014

1948

Ludka and Adam in the same place‌ 66 years apart!

ARNOLD LEON HAAN ARNO HAAN ADAM CHYTRA ADAM WITZ ADAM (ADAŚ) GÓRSKI ADAM HAN-GORSKI

music@hangorski.com