Group 5_Mandaragupan ed Awaran ya Bagnotan

Copyright © 2022 by Mamuyac, Aquino, Ballesteros, de Guzman, Deleganzo, Inong, Mendoza, Miranda, Ramas, Reyes, Rodas, and Viray

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Dedication

For Mr. Menard Arambulo,

This book is highly dedicated to you who have taught us how to move/help as a group, as a camaraderie The dedication and the intelligence we have as we researched all the information throughout this book, was because of you You taught us how to be diligent and how to take things slowly for us to accomplish our book in a very coherent and concise manner

Table of Contents

Copyright, ii Dedication, iii Table of Contents, iv Foreword, ix Acknowledgments, x Preface, xi Prologue, xii

Chapter 1: History of Dagupan, 1 The Story of Dagupan, 1

Dagupan as the Official City, 4

The First 25 Years of Dagupan City, 5

Establishing the Supermarket, 7 Problems Faced by Dagupan in its 25th Year, 8 The Pride of Dagupan City, 8

Establishing Dagupan as a City, 12 Important Facts Related to the Birth of Dagupan City, 12

Historical Census of Dagupan, 13 Culture in Dagupan, 16

Language and Dialects Being Used, 16 Economy, 17 Agriculture, 17 Fishing, 18

Livestock and Poultry, 18 Industry, Trade, and Tourism, 18

Local Government Finance, 19 Health Facilities, 19 Education, 19

Festivities and Traditions, 20

Religion, 21 City Seals, 22

Chapter 2: HISTORICAL AND SIGNIFICANT

EVENTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DAGUPAN, 24

The Establishment of a Civil Government in Dagupan City, 24

The First Municipal Election, 24

The First Usage of Ballots in Dagupan, 25 The Opening of Schools, 25

Establishment of Catholic Schools in Dagupan, 25 The Rise of Protestantism, 26

The Cane Sugar Industry, 26

Setting Up the Commercial Center of Dagupan, 27

The Birth of Pangasinan Transportation Company, 28

Establishment of Region 1 Medical Center and University of Pangasinan, 29

The First Tannery in Dagupan, 30 Dagupan During the Japanese Regime, 30 MacArthur in Dagupan, 31 School Boom, 33

Establishing the Orient Colleges, 34 LRT to Dagupan?, 35

Construction of the New Magsaysay Bridge, 36

Dagupan Becomes a City, 37

The City Charter, 37

Executive Order No. 96, 38

The Municipal Board of 1947, 38 There was Confusion, 39

The Inauguration, 39

The Quo Warranto Proceeding, 40

Population & Income, 40

No New Taxes, 40

Frontier Moves Southward, 40

Establishment of Luzon Colleges, 41

Establishment of the Northwestern Educational Institution, 41

Putting up the Nazareth General Hospital, 42 Strong Earthquake, 43 Expansion Westward, 44

Introducing the Use of Tricycles, 45 Mass Media in Dagupan, 46

Chapter 3: Mayors of Dagupan, 47

Toribio Jovellanos, 47

Fabian Villamil, 48

Don Juan Villamil, 49

Don Gregorio Beltran, 51

Modesto Hortaleza Coquia, 52

Mariano K. Laurel, 54

Don Antonio Llamas Fernandez, 55

Ciriaco Palaganas, 57

Don Guillermo De Venecia, 58

Don Jose V. Jovellanos, 59

Don Felix Calimlim, 60

Jose Paras Calimlim, Sr., 61

Jose Fernandez Llamas, 62

Don Amado Llamas Ayson, 63

Ruperto Zabala Tandoc, 64

Alipio Fernandez, Sr., 65

Angel B. Fernandez, 67

Teofilo P. Guadiz, 68

Gaudencio S. Siapno, 70

Liberato Ll. Reyna, 70

Cipriano M. Manaois, 72

Rosalynda A. De Venecia, 74

Felipe C. Siapno, 74

Alipio F. Fernandez, Jr., 74

Benjamin S. Lim, 76

Marc Brian C. Lim, 77 Belen T. Fernandez, 78

Chapter 4: Dagupan's Bangus, 80

Impact of Bangus in the People of Dagupan, 80 What Makes Dagupan's Bangus Unique?, 82 Aquaculture Production of Bangus, 86

Regulation of Fish Pens, 87 Winning Export, 88 Bangus as the Main Product of Dagupan, 88

Chapter 5: Bangus Festival, 90

What is the Bangus Festival?, 90

When and where is the Bangus Festival celebrated?, 90 Its History, 91 Description of Bangus Festival, 92 The Different Categories and Activities in Bangus Festival, 93

The Street Dancing Category, 94 Business Category, 94 Street Party Category, 95 Bangus Industry Category, 95 Sports Category, 96 Visual Art Category, 96

The Essence of Bangus Festival, 96

The Importance of Bangus Festival, 97 What Makes it Significant?, 98

Chapter 6: Historical Places, 100

St. John Cathedral Church, 100 Train, 101 Bonuan Beach, 103 The Franklin Bridge, 105

Chapter 7: Dagupan Literature, 107

Oral and Written, 107

Source of Written Literature, 107

Lost Treasure, 108

The Tunong, 108

The Silew, 109 The Sinag, 111

Contemporary Writers, 111 The Satiris, 112

Love Letters, 113 J. Eddie Infante, 115

Gregorio H. Alcaide, 116

The Legend of Pantal River, 117 Still the Safest, Best Place on Earth, 120

Epilogue, 122 Appendix, 123 Glossary, 124 Bibliography, 131 Articles, 131 Blogs, 131 Books, 133

Government Documents and Websites, 133 Index, 135

Authors' Biography, 136 Documentation, 137

Foreword

Acknowledgement

This book would not have been possible without the guidance and help of several individuals who in one way or another contributed and extended their valuable assistance in the preparation and completion of this study.

First and foremost, their utmost gratitude to their instructor, Mr. Menard Arambulo. With his guidance and his great efforts to explain things clearly and simply. Throughout the book writing period, he provided encouragement, sound advice, good teaching, good company, and lots of good ideas.

The authors would also want to express their gratitude to their friends and blockmates for helping them get through the difficult times, and for all the emotional support they provided

They also wish to express their love and gratitude to their beloved families for their understanding and endless love, throughout the book writing period.

Preface

Prologue

Historyof Dagupan

The early settlers of Dagupan City were believed to have come from Flores Island, one of the islands of the Lesser Sunda Islands located in the eastern half of the Indonesian Archipelago The dialect used by the natives of this island bore a strong similarity to the Pangasinan dialect. The main sources of livelihood were fishing and salt making, both major sources of livelihood and income among coastal residents in the present day. The area of Dagupan was part of the Alcadia Mayor of Pangasinan, a politico civil administrative unit or province in 1580.

In 1583, Dagupan became a sitio after the Spaniards established the Lingayen as encomienda The native society was organized, and they were settled in compact communities for the reach of the missionaries In 1590, the Augustinian missionaries arrived and converted the settlement into a regular town and named it Bacnotan. They established the townsite overlooking the river in Pantal as a market, started spreading Christianity, and constructed the church and roads later by utilizing forced labor. The people were required to work for free and forced to pay taxes as well.

In 1660, this resulted in a rebellion led by Andres Malong, the master of the camp of Pangasinan. With 40,000 troops under his command, they fought the Spaniards fiercely. It lasted for two months that razed the whole town and Malong made a final stand. After the revolt, the locals rebuilt their town. To commemorate the gathering of forces under Malong, the place was renamed as ‘Nandaragupan’, which in local dialect meant, ‘where people meet ’ In the 17th century and onwards, developments in the place took place with the opening of the docking station in Pantal (or what is now known as Pantalan Port) and eventually became a trading center. Bangus industry and fishponds also flourished, and Spaniards built roads connecting to Pangasinan and the Cagayan Valley. In 1891, Manila to Dagupan Railway was completed. However, on March 7, 1898, the Dagupeños unveiled a coordinated attack on Spanish forces, which was known as the Battle of Dagupan

that appears to have been planned months in advance. The revolutionary forces were armed only with bolos and lances and they attacked the Spanish with an ingenious rolling trench made of several banana tree trunks, wrapped in sheets of dried nipa palm leaves. The trenches were seven feet in diameter.

In 1780, the name of the town was simplified to Dagupan, followed by the end of Spanish rule on July 23, 1898, when the Spanish troops surrendered to the Katipunan leader, General Francisco Makabulos In 1855, the Spanish Government opened Sual as an official part of foreign trade, with ships departing the port of Sual with shipments of rice bound for China and Macao. This also made Labrador, Lingayen, and Dagupan as among the locations for shipbuilding in the country. In December 1897, General Emilio Aguinaldo, along with Governor General Primo de Rivera, take the Ferrocarril De Manila Dagupan train to Dagupan en route to the port of

Sual for General Aguinaldo’s exile to Hong Kong pursuant to the terms of the Pact of Biak na Bato. In July 22, 1898, Pangasinan was liberated from Spanish rule by the Katipuneros organized by General Francisco Makabulos, and led by Juan Quesada and Eliseo Arzadon of Dagupan. The combined forces of the Katipuneros defeated the Spanish forces making a last stand at Dagupan

During the Japanese Occupation in the Second World War, Dagupan was chosen as the provincial capital of the newly established Japanese Government At the start of the Liberation of the Philippines in 1945 by the Allied Forces, the U.S. Sixth Army under General Walter Kruger took part in a massive amphibious assault operation to recapture Luzon from Japanese Forces. Amphibious landings were made along the length of the Lingayen Gulf in beaches at Lingayen, Binmaley, Dagupan, and San Fabian. he U.S. land forces were under the overall command of General Douglas MacArthur

Supreme Allied Commander Southern Pacific Area. After the assault and with the beach head secured Gen. MacArthur set up his Luzon headquarters in Dagupan to consolidate preparations for the U.S. Army’s push south to recapture and liberate Manila.

The 45th Infantry Battalion under Gen. Douglas MacArthur landed at the shores of Bonuan, then later totally liberated Dagupan from Spanish rule The first civil government was established on February 16, 1901 with the holding of the first elections through â viva voce

Early on, Dagupan was already the seat of education in the region. Following the fall of Bataan, the Japanese Army invaded Dagupan.

Japanese rule lasted until 1945. On June 20, 1947, two years after the Liberation of the Philippines, the cityhood of Dagupan was formally recognized as President Manuel Roxas signed into law Republic Act No. 170, or the City Charter of Dagupan, authored by Speaker Eugenio Perez.

This charter governs the operations of the city as an independent political entity with its own distinct zeal.

DAGUPANASTHE OFFICIALCITY

The word Dagupan means "melting pot." It holds a picture of a human beehive that is teeming with people who are bustling with activity. The earliest records of Dagupan describe it as an extensive marshy land with rich alluvial soil Rich animal life abounded The principal occupations of the people were farming, fishing, and salt making Back then, it was a part of the kingdom of Caboloan, with its capital at Bonlalacao now called San Carlos City ruled by Kasikis.

In 1590, Dagupan was formally founded. It was given the name Bacnotan by the Augustinian missionaries a few years after the establishment of the Spanish encomienda in Pangasinan in 1583. It rapidly developed into a prosperous commercial community.

However, this growth was cut short in 1616 by a fire caused by the men of Andres Malong. From the debris of the conflagration in 1616, the people of Dagupan rebuilt the town. It was a more extensive and prosperous town than the one it had replaced. This new town was given the name Nandaragupan which means "where once stood the commercial center." In 1720, the name was simplified to the shortened Dagupan and accepted as the official name It is composed of barrios namely, Bonuan, Pantal, Lasip, Caranglaan, Tebeng, Lucao, Carmel, Calmay, and Salapingao, which originated from the physical characteristics of the place. In 1780, trade flourished when the settlers began making salt, dried fish, bagoong, vinegar, wine, and sweets made from coconut meat.

On March 16, 1892, calamity struck again. A tremendous earthquake destroyed Dagupan. But just like in the previous disaster, the town gathered itself together and rapidly evolved into a bigger and more prosperous community.

Upon the organization of Pangasinan as a province in 1611, Dagupan fell under a Gobernadorcillo. This continued up to 1893 when the Gobernadorcillo became Capitan municipal. During the Philippine Revolution of 1896, Dagupan played an important role in ending the war. It was here where the Spanish forces under General Federico Caballos surrendered to the revolutionary force under General Makabulos Again, during the Filipino American war, it was in Dagupan where General Aguinaldo's force was bolstered by some 2,000 men to prevent the meeting of General Wheaton's force from the West and General Lawton's force from the East. In 1891, Dagupan was made a railroad terminal in this part of Luzon.

On January 1, 1948, Dagupan was officially inaugurated as a city by virtue of Republic Act No. 170, enacted on June 20, 1947 which was authored by Speaker Eugenio Perez, and formally signed by President Manuel A. Roxas.

On October 15, 1947 President Manuel A. Roxas issued Executive Order No. 96 implementing the Republic Act 170. The Executive Order No. 96 fixed the territorial limits of the and set the date of the organization of the city government. Dagupan City was supposed to include the municipalities of both Dagupan and Calasiao. However, the people in Calasiao refused to join the new city and voted five to one against the merger in a referendum held on December 29, 1947 President Roxas issued a new Executive Order No 115 dated December 31, 1947, amending the Executive Order No. 96, which limits the territory of the new city to the jurisdiction of the old municipality of Dagupan, excluding Calasiao.

THEFIRST25 YEARSOF DAGUPANCITY

Dagupan, as a city, was conceived way back in 1930, or much earlier The issue of

Tunong, dated September 13, 1930, the vernacular news magazine of Don Pablo Mejia and Don Jose Bernal Fernandez, carried an article by lined by Jose E. Baun. The article discussed the issue of Dagupan as a city as a platform for Don Jose Fernandez Llamas, who wrote for Tunong under the pen name Silin Tabal, to face Don Jose Paras Calimlim in that electoral fight Subsequent events which now form part of Dagupan history, tell us that Llamas won over Calimlim in the 1930 municipal presidential elections With Republic Act 170 already a reality as of June 20, 1947, an election was held in Dagupan on November 10, 1947. Except for the position of vice mayor, where there was only one aspirant, both the Nationalists and Liberal parties put up complete tickets for mayor down to councilors.

Businessman Sabas Collado carried the Liberal Party standard as a mayoralty bet; Boy Scout Executive Juan Saingan was his opponent in the Nacionalists

camp. Realtor Dominador "Ador" Catubig ran for vice mayor, unopposed. Elected in that poll were the following: Juan Saingan, mayor; Dominador Catubig, vice mayor; Liberato LI. Reyna, Amado LI. Tandoc, Ruperto Z. Tandoc, Teofilo P. Guadiz, Sir., and Flaviano Mejia (Nacionalistas) as councilors.

Thus, the confusion resulted into a political comedy that produced for Dagupan:

1 ) A city mayor elected by the people who never was; 2 ) A city mayor who played the role of first, when in fact he was second fiddle;

3 ) A city mayor who never realized, while in office, that he was one.

Saingan was the first "elective'' city mayor but was never seated; instead, Alipio Fernandez, Sr. was the one seated as the first city mayor, but he never knew he was one; Angel B. Fernandez played the role of the first city mayor of Dagupan, when in fact he was the second. This confusion was accentuated by a

political demonstration staged by the Nacionalistas on the inauguration of the city on January 1, 1948. The demonstrators were led by Don Teofilo P. Guadiz, Sr. and the other NP's who won as councilors in the 1947 polls but were not seated. This turn of events created a legal fiction that was more full of life and realism than any fiction could ever be a fiction imposed upon the city by no less than the Supreme Court By the provision of the city charter, Saingan and Catubig were never seated to the positions into which they were elected The charter ordained that the city Mayor shall be appointed by the President of the Republic. When the city was inaugurated on January 1. President Roxas appointed Angel B. Fernandez as city mayor. At the same time, the city charter did not provide for the position of vice mayor; thus Catubig was elected into an office that was not there. The same charter provided that the city shall have only four elective

councilors, the four others were to be ex officio members of the municipal board, including the city treasurer, the city fiscal, the city engineer, and the city health officer. But the city ended up with eight city councilors, all duly elected by the people. This was the result of the quo warranto proceeding filed before the Supreme Court by City Councilors Guadiz, Mejia, De Venecia, and Ruperto Z Tandoc

ESTABLISHINGTHE SUPERMARKET

Thus, when City Mayor Liberato LI. Reyna took over from Don Teofilo in 1960, it became imperative for him to build a modern market for Dagupan. In response to this need, Mayor Reyna built the Dagupan City Supermarket. Conceived as a self liquidating project, Reyna financed the construction of this market facility with a loan from the Development Bank of the Philippines. Reyna was also forced to order that Jose Torres Bugallon Avenue be one way

traffic for passenger vehicles plying between the city and the surrounding towns. The imposition of this traffic regulation made Perez Boulevard a busy street overnight. Suddenly keen businessmen realized the potentialities of the Perez Boulevard area as a new business center. Thus, in 25 years, Dagupan has expanded from a one street city into a fast growing metropolis The center of commerce, in Dagupan, in fact, has expanded into all directions to as far as Tapuac and Lucao in the west, Caranglaan in the south, Tambac in the east, and Bani and Bonuan in the north

PROBLEMSFACED BYDAGUPANIN 25THYEAR

As the city celebrates its silver anniversary, City Mayor Cipriano M. Manaois is confronted with new problems which plague every city with a fast growing population. Traffic in the downtown area remains congested; the supermarket has grown inadequate too soon after

Mayor Reyna constructed it, that the incumbent executive has seen fit to convert the Magsaysay Park into an open market. The face lifting of the city, begun in recent years by Mayor Guadiz, followed up by Mayor Reyna, continues under Mayor Manaois. On its 25th anniversary, the city has an income of P2 million, with no crippling overdrafts and deficits, and no loose talk about misuse of government funds As of June 20, 1972, the future of the city looks very bright

THEPRIDEOF DAGUPANCITY

Dagupan, as its name implies "where people meet", is a city of moods. In feel its pulse is to throb with feverishly citified tempo of commercial, industrial, and cultural activities that run as fast as it grows. Because of the many things that grow with it, it has sung its way in various moods towards progress to the tune of Dagupan theme song "Sigue Dagupan" The term sigue means to forgo ahead without

wavering, to go on and on. It best expresses the past, present, and future of Dagupan. Through the years of its struggle it had all the makings and carmarks of a city, our chronicles say the Spaniards came and saw and were conquered by its potentialities of a first rate sitio and a first rate income, a part of the Lingayen Encomienda, the first of its kind in the Luyag na Pangasinan garnering an annual income of 1,000 tributes or 8,000 reales, equivalent to 1,000 Mexican dollars, that was 1583 Its richness of resources and its prosperity can still be traced now in the thriving hive that is considered the best commercial center north of Manila. Commercial enterprises and business acumen were as feverish as they are now and although Andres Malong's revolt and the 1894 earthquake destroyed the thriving commercial community, an even more prosperous one rose out from the ruins, a testimony to the resilience of its people, which not even the 1952 disastrous fire ten

years could smother. With justified pride people of "Kaluyagan na Pangasinan" point to "Magdaragupan" which our forefathers with a flair for brevity, shortened further in 1720 to Dagupan, its present name. Love of country is not found wanting among the Dagupeños as shown in the insurrection of Palaris and Malong when the people rose against the Spanish yoke. This surging patriotism grew with the years up to the Philippine Revolution when Dagupan, our chronicles says, offered the ultimate resistance when the Spanish under Federico Caballos surrendered to the revolutionary force under General Makabulos. That same feat was repeated during the Philippine American War, 2,000 strong Dagupeños reinforced under General Aguinaldo to prevent General Wheaton's men from the west and General Lawton's from the east from taking over the community.

It is not only ugly war or disasters that saw the growth of Dagupan, it has its romantic

toughness too. Just because the Manila North Railway constructed its terminal in Dagupan, an English Engineer, named Kipping, caused two hearts to suffer the torments of broken fidelity of Rizal and Leonor Rivera. Rivera Street in the heart of the town is named after the ill fated Leonor. That historical romance chapter in which Dagupan played cupid's part is now a matter of history The Dominican Fathers founded the San Alberto College in 1891, a school which produced many of the outstanding leaders of the province The college offered, pre law, and the art courses in Spanish, music, painting, and sculpturing. The San Alberto College is now at the depth of Calmay River as a result of the disastrous flood in 1935. Dagupan with its cosmopolitan taste and outlook is the home of Filipinos speaking many tongues and other nationalities like Chinese, Hindus, Japanese, German and Spaniards. As a cultural center it has a model public library, considered to be the best outside of Manila, thanks to the people's

civic spirit and its efficient staff; four radio stations, the DZRI, DZED, DZMT, and DZAD, the only stations north of Manila as media of information and entertainment; two weekly newspapers, the Pangasinan Courier and the Sunday Pinch, and five second class theaters that show the latest of Hollywood and local flickers. As an educational center, it has seven private colleges, eight vocational schools, besides the city highschool with an enrollment enough to compose a university

It has several banks, namely, the Philippine National Bank, the Development Bank of the Philippines; the Dagupan City Rural Bank, the Regional GSIS; the Philippine National Cooperative Bank, the Prudential Bank & Trust Co.; the Republic Bank, the Peoples Bank & Trust Co.; the First National Credit Corp., the Security Credit and Acceptance Corp.; ready to give loans or capital. The Bonuan Gulf and Beach Club with a 9 hole course, the BORPA shooting gallery mirroring beyond the

azure expense of the Lingayen Gulf where the MacArthurian "I shall return" pinpoints where General MacArthur waded ashore to liberate the province, cater to the recreational needs of the people. The Public Plaza and Magsaysay Park are undergoing a general beautification construction under the enthusiastic direction of the present energetic Mayor Liberto LI Reyna Mayor Reyna is also trying his best to accomplish more improvements for the city, particularly in the rural areas, in spite of the many limitations which beset his administration

Dagupan has first class public utilities and well capitalized private enterprises the consistent yearly safety awardee Pantranco considered the best in the Philippines in its modernized shop, mobile units and management; the Manila Railroad and the various roads that link the city to all parts of Northern and Central Luzon, the Dagupan Electric Light Co., now Ambuklao run with a Filipino capital to boot; the towering Vicar Skyroom; the air conditioned

Hotel Boulevard, and four other outstanding hotel that have housed the city's important guests; the Teacher's Memorial Bldg., the pride of Pangasinan's 5,000 public school teachers; the Pangasinan Provincial Hospital, the Dagupan City Health Office, the Anti TB Chest Clinic, and other privatized hospitals such as the De Venecia's Hospital, and the Sales Antonio Hospital. It is famous for its unbeatable "bocayo" and its savory "bangus" it's tannery that can equal Meycawayan in smell and its quality and its salted dish that find their way in dining tables here and abroad All these make Dagupan the unique city that it is today. Topping all these is the unusual trait that heals political wounds for the commonwealth and for all Dagupeños. With a colorful history behind it, Dagupan has a challenging and a promising present which spells a future full of fulfillment.

ESTABLISHING DAGUPANASA CITY

Dagupan City is the only one of Pangasinan's four independent component cities. Dagupan is known for its pond raised bangus (milkfish), which is said to be the world's tastiest and juiciest, earning it the title of "World's Bangus Capital " To date, the city remains the commercial, educational and health center of the province because of its malls and other business establishments, universities and hospitals that continue to attract people from other parts of the province.

After the War, Dagupan was in ruins, yet it was one of the first towns to rebuild The town was changed into a city as part of its restoration. On June 20, 1947, President Manuel A. Roxas signed Republic Act 170, drafted by the then Speaker Eugenio Perez, into law, giving the City of Dagupan its charter President Roxas signed Executive Order No 96 on October 13, 1947, putting Republic Act 170 into effect and defining the city's boundaries It also established January 1, 1948 as the

date for the City's founding. The municipalities of Dagupan and Calasiao were intended to be a part of Dagupan City. However, the inhabitants of Calasiao refused to move to the new city

By virtue of Republic Act No 170, also known as the City Charter of Dagupan, Dagupan was incorporated as a city on June 20, 1947

IMPORTANTFACTS RELATEDTOTHE BIRTHOFDAGUPAN

1. Executive Order No. 96, S. 47

Dagupan's charter, Republic Act 170, established it as a city President Manuel A. Roxas issued Executive Order No. 96, Series of 1947 to put this charter into effect on October 15, 1947 Calasiao and Dagupan were to be combined to form a new city under the terms of this executive order, which also fixed the structure of the new city administration as of January 1, 1948.

2 Referendum in Calasiao Speaker Eugenio Perez, the author of Republic Act 170, asked that a general meeting be heldamong the Calasiao residents to ascertain whether or not they

would agree to be integrated into the new city. The purpose of the meeting was to ascertain the will of the people of Calasiao. On December 25, 1947, the meeting took place. Five out of six Calasiao voters opposed the merger because they did not desire to lose their identity.

3 Executive Order No 115, S 47

A new executive order, Number 115, dated December 31, 1947, was issued by President Roxas in response to Calasiao's citizens' rejection of the union with Dagupan. With this, Executive Order 96 was modified. It set the date of the city government's formation on January 1, 1948, and it restricted Dagupan City's territory to the former municipality of Dagupan's boundaries.

HISTORICALCENSUS OFDAGUPAN

In 1980 there are 47,850 males and 50,494 females Dagupan is a seaside independent component city in the province of Pangasinan. In the middle of Pangasinan's northern coast, Dagupan City is surrounded by the Lingayen Gulf to the north, San Fabian town to the northeast, Mangaldan town to the east, Calasiao to the south, and Binmaley to the west The distance between the city and Manila is roughly 212 kilometers The center of excellence for education in the region is Dagupan It has a university, 15 vocational and technical learning facilities, and 13 colleges.

In 1980 there were reported 47,850 males and 50,494 females

128,499 in 1998, representing almost 3.3 percent of the region's total population and over six percent of the province's overall population. The yearly population growth rate is predicted to be 0 6 percent The amount is predicted to reach 133,193 by 2004. Surprisingly, because of the surge of transients, the population increases to more than 500,000 during the day. Dagupan City is a reasonably safe location to live because of the local police's annual average crime solution efficiency of 96.25 percent. Apart from the police personnel who are constantly present in the city proper, five police beat aid centers have been set up in key places in the suburbs Despite the fact that Dagupan appears to be an urbanized city from all appearances, it is important to note that nine of the city's barangays continue to be fishing settlements, and one third of them are still engaged in agricultural production. Fishponds, which are used to cultivate the year round delicacies Bonuan bangus (milkfish), prawns, shrimps, crabs, and oysters, make up one fifth of the total area of the city. HistoryofDagupan

CULTURE

1 Language and Dialects Being Used

Dagupan is administratively and politically separate from Pangasinan provincial government. It is the only independent component city that is part of the Ilocos Region (Region I) on the Island of Luzon.

Dagupan City uses three different languages; Tagalog, Pangasinan, and Ilocano.

Tagalog was originally native to the southern part of Luzon, prior to spreading as a second language over all the islands of the Philippine archipelago. Tagalog is spoken in the Philippine capital in Manila, the largest city of the country. From 1961 to 1987, it was also known as Pilipino In 1987, the name was changed to Filipino Tagalog is an Austronesian Language spoken by the Tagalog people, who represent a quarter of the population of the Philippines While Filipino is the standardized Tagalog and the official language, Tagalog is also spoken as a second language in the

Philippines by the rest of the population.

Ilocano is also an Austronesian Language that was believed to originate in Taiwan. The name Ilocano comes from i ‘from’ +looc ‘bay’ + ano Spanish ‘native of,’ thus ‘people of the bay’. It is spoken as a secondary language by more than two million people who are native speakers of Ibatang, Ivatan, and other languages in Northern Luzon

The province of La Union established an ordinance in September 2012 acknowledging Ilocano (Iloko) as an official provincial language Most places in Pangasinan also use Ilocano (Iloko) as their official provincial language to revitalize the language along with other languages spoken including Pangasinan and Tagalog.

Pangasinan is the name for both the province and language. Meanwhile, residents of Pangasinan are called Pangasinense. Pangasinan is an Austronesian language and one of the eight major languages of the Philippines. It is the primary

and predominant language of the entire province of Pangasinan and northern Tarlac. Pangasinan is also spoken in southwestern La Union, as well as in the municipalities of Benguet, Nueva Vizcaya, Nueva Ecija, and Zambales that border Pangasinan.

2. Economy

Dagupan is known as the main port and commercial and financial center of Northern Luzon; a brisk trade takes place in products of sugar cane, corn, rice, copra, salt, and alcoholic beverages made from the nipa palm Dagupan City is known as the “Bangus Capital of the World” for producing the tastiest milkfish. The city is also well known for its Bangus specialties, which include boneless marinated, boneless plain, and regular bangus. Bagoong alamang (salted small shrimp), terong (salted bonnet mouth), Siganids (malaga), and Ipon (goby) are also available in the city.

AGRICULTURE

Dagupan City's agricultural land

has an area of 1,662.25 hectares. 44.45 of its total land which has an area of 3,740 hectares a year.

Land based crops such as rice, copra, munggo, peanut, and corn are grown in barangays; Bonuan Binloc, Bonuan Boquig, Salisay, Mangin, Tebeng, Mamalingling, Caranglaan, Bacayao Sur and Norte, Malued, Lucao, and the island barangays of Lumboy, Carael, Salapingao, and Pugaro.

Rice, one of the major land based crops, remains in the lead with an average harvest of 45 cavans per hectare

Fish Farming is what revives Dagupan's agricultural lands

Because of its rich and vast brack fish water of about 1, 325 hectares, fishpond raisers are churning out a fortune to boost the city's gross revenue.

The production of bangus yields a high 4, 636.65 metric tons per hectare a year. Considering its market potential, some fishpond owners have already wandered into “culturing” tilapia in freshwater.

The former Speaker Jose de Venecia, Jr., then head of the

Landoil Group of Companies in the early 1980s introduced prawn culture on a three hectare pond on Bonuan Binloc with an overlooking view of Lingayen Gulf. As a result of this experiment, they were able to attract Manila based investors to put in their money. After its fledgling industry, it was commanding respect among its export markets including Japan, Singapore, and the United States

FISHING

The main sources of livelihood were fishing and salt making in Dagupan because it has seven crisscrossed river and fourteen creeks, it is known for pond raised bangus (milkfish), and salt making started in pre colonial times and because Pangasinan is a coastal province.

Fishing is a major economic activity in Dagupan. The municipal fishing industry boasts 174 motorized bancas that were used by some 650 fishermen. Furthermore, there are nine registered deep sea fishing vessels, which are manned by at

least 100 fishermen.

LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY

Dagupan’s supply level of ducks, chickens, and cattle are relatively adequate. However, there is no way to determine how much of these are being hovered for meat consumption. Nevertheless, it remains on top of the livestock line followed by goats and cattle.

INDUSTRY, TRADE, AND TOURISM

The City Government registered a total of 2,388 business establishments in the year 1991, that must be doubled or tripled by now 52 6 percent are engaged in trading business, while the rest fall into service, manufacturing, and agriculture related industries.

The city offers a bunch of hotels, inns, and restaurants, which can easily make available an aggregate of 350 rooms that are good for the city’s tourism. Restaurants located in almost every corner of downtown Dagupan offer a different and good variety of dishes from exotic tropical dishes to

delightful Chinese cuisine.

Dagupan City also shows off a wide stretch of beautiful beaches along Lingayen Gulf, popularly known as the Bonuan Blue Beach, which includes Tondaligan Park. Historic attractions include MacArthur landing site in Bonuan, the remnant of the Franklin Bridge, and the old St. John’s Cathedral. Many refreshment parlors are led by Jollibee, Dunkin Donuts, and other fast food chains Additionally, night entertainment is homely joints along Arellano Boulevard, where one can choose from a sing along to jazz music to disco dancing.

LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE

Dagupan registered the highest income of P119.5 in 1995 compared to other cities in the Ilocos region. In 1991, it accounted for 45.2 million or 12 percent of Ilocos Region’s P377 million income.. Thus, Dagupan was reclassified into a First Class A city in July of that year.

Mayor Al Fernandez launched and introduced new innovations

and a generally bullish business atmosphere complemented by the earnest tax collection drive; income was projected to increase by 50 percent.

HEALTH FACILITIES

Dagupan has six private and two government hospitals, and each of a dozen private clinics has specialized fields. Northern Philippines is one of the private hospitals equipped with a modern computerized system

EDUCATION

Dagupan provides quality academic services at all levels of education and is considered an educational center. Of the 63 all level schools, including public elementary and high school, three are privately owned one of which is a university that offers complete multi year courses, each with specialized disciplines.

Some schools provide technological/vocational courses, including maritime engineering and crash courses in computer programming.

National Manpower and Youth

Council (NMYC), the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS), and the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) extend non formal education, mostly vocational based such as electronics and automotive, hair culture, haberdashery, and culinary arts.

FESTIVITIES AND TRADITIONS

Dagupan celebrates the Bangus Festival every third week of the month in April till the end of the month It started under the term of Mayor Benjamin Lim in 2002 It is their way to feature milkfish products and their unique taste The celebration includes fairs (Bangus Rodeo where bangus growers showcase their products and food processing skills), street parties (Gilon! Gilon! Ed Dalan which was considered one of the main highlights of the festivity), and competitions (like 101 Ways to Cook Bangus, a cooking contest where seasoned cooks or chefs showcase their talent preparing the bangus). It is celebrated to give thanks to the city’s thriving aquaculture, especially in the area of bangus.

Because of this yearly celebration, “Kalutan Ed Dagupan'' was recognized as the longest Barbeque in the World by the Guinness Book of World Records.

They also held Miss Dagupan, a tradition to promote the beauty and honor of the city. It started in 1945 when Miss Genoveva Coquia was crowned as the first Miss Dagupan.

Dagupan City held the first term of Mayor Cipriano Manaois who served from 1968 to 1971. It started with Holy Mass, followed by a Philippine Air Force skydiving exhibition. The Mutya ng Dagat, a beauty contest that

KALUTAN ED DALAN, DAGUPAN, PANGASINAN

served as a culminating event participated in by local maidens. Since then, Dagupeños, local visitors, and foreign tourists have anticipated this annual festival, which gives them opportunities to participate in a lot of exciting activities. In 2002, the city held the first Bangus Festival during and around the celebration of Pista’y Dayat. Subsequently, it has been the annual festival of the seas, differentiating the city’s celebration from that of other coastal communities along the Lingayen Gulf

One of the highlights of the annual Pista'y Dayat in Bancarera It is an exciting race of balotos or locally drugged out canoes. Bancarera is similar to the dragon boat race of international fame that attracts many out of town rowers from as far as Manila. This competition is highly dependent on the synchronized rowing of participants, not to mention the intense concentration and painstaking practice by the team members.

On the third day in the octave of christmas day, the Catholic Church celebrates the feast of St. John the Evangelist. He is the patron saint of love, loyalty, friendships, and authors. December 27 was celebrated as feast day to honor St. John the Evangelist, as December 26 honors the first martyr who shed blood for Jesus, St. Stephen.

The Old Dagupan Cathedral Church is named in honor of Saint John the Evangelist, the common name given to the author of the Gospel of John

RELIGION

The first church of Dagupan was a structure of light materials This was sometime in the early 17th century. In the year 1660, during the uprising of Andres Malong, the rebels demolished Dagupan after it refused to join the rebellion. The latter part of the 19th century, the church was made of bricks and roofed with nipa shingles. Its walls were low, and the tower on the right of the facade (facing east, fronting the plaza later converted into rice fields) was small. According to Fr. Valentin Marin y Morales, a Dominican

chronicler, another stone church was built on the same spot in 1861. However, Fr. Manuel Mora, who visited Dagupan in 1804, cites an old stone structure. Fr. Pablo Fernandez, O.P (1958) believes that the 19th century structure must have been built on the frame of the 17th century building that was destroyed during the rebellion. The discovery of ashes and burnt lumber during an excavation in the church site in 1995 reinforced the theory

During the great earthquake of 1892, the church collapsed and was replaced with another structure by Fr Vicente Iztegui in 1895. The Revolution of 1898, Fr. Iztegui refused to leave Dagupan for a safer place. Spanish soldiers, the civilians, and religious authorities of Dagupan, Lingayen, and Binmaley held out in the church as Filipino Soldiers laid a blockade. The belltower was reconstructed intermittently from 1903 to 1914. The Old (Zamora St.) Dagupan Church, “Sanctuario de San Juan Evangelista” was destroyed in July 16, 1990 by the

killer earthquake and has since been renovated.

3. City Seals

The shield of the seal symbolizes independence The 1948 Seal has elements including a horseshoe magnet, a railway, a road, and a ribbon bearing the words "Sigue Dagupan". Railroad and highway were added to emphasize the city’s geographic location and the strategic role it played in

establishing Dagupan as the North’s trading post.

Sigue Dagupan was conceptualized and designed by the late Roman Catholic Archbishop Mariano Madriaga.

The current seal of Dagupan was derived from a logo design competition, which was eligible for the residents of the city

The four previous elements of the 1948 seal were enhanced Among the new symbols included in the seal are a milkfish, 31 stars representing the city's constituent barangays, seven wave crests portraying the city's rivers (Pantal, Patogkawen, Calmay, Tanap, Dawel, Sinolocan, and Bayaoas Rivers), a torch indicating education, and a gear showing commerce.

Historicaland SignificantEventsfor theDevelopmentof Dagupan

THE ESTABLISHMENT OFTHECIVIL GOVERNMENT

The Philippine Commission arrived at Dagupan on February 14, 1901, with the objective of establishing civil rule in the province of Pangasinan. On February 16, this was formally created in Dagupan where Don Fabian Villamil was named Dagupan's municipal president, while Don Perfecto Sison was named the province's governor However, after Lingayen was pacified, the provincial government's headquarters were later relocated to the said town

THEFIRST MUNICIPAL ELECTION

Around the end of 1901, Dagupan conducted its first election. The position of the municipal president for the two year period corresponding between 1902 and 1903 was in play. At the plaza, a poll was conducted, where viva voce, or oral voting, was used for voting.

Juan Villamil and Quitereio Favila were the two applicants who competed for the job Favila was the son of Governor Macario Favilla, whilst Villamil was a member of the powerful Villamil dynasty in Pantal There was a hastily constructed platform.

On opposite ends of the stage, the two contestants were seated.

K. Laurel, was the sister of Don Mariano. And again, it was Don Juan Villamil who won the said election. HistoricalandSignificantEventsfortheDevelopmentofDagupan

In Dagupan, the este versus weste political alliances were born during this election. The river served as the dividing line. Favila, a member of the este group, resided on the east bank of the river. On the other hand, Villamil belonged to the weste group and lived on the western bank of the river

THEFIRSTUSAGE OFBALLOTSIN DAGUPAN

THEOPENINGOF SCHOOLS

Just after the establishment of a civil government in Dagupan, a public school system was then organized and started during the first term of Municipal President Villamil. The said public school was built near the plaza. Additionally, English was used as the medium of instruction in that particular educational setting, given that the teachers during that time were the American Soldiers.

ESTABLISHMENT OFCATHOLIC SCHOOLSIN DAGUPAN

According to several accounts, there are two Catholic schools in the area that provided pivotal assistance to the cause of Roman Catholicism in Dagupan during the most crucial time in the church's history. The Colegio de San Alberto Magno and the parochial school at the monastery served as these schools. The Aglipayans sent their kids to Colegio de San Alberto Magno because they didn't have any schools to send them to The said school then eventually succeeded in bringing the majority of the youth back to the Catholic Church

THERISEOF PROTESTANTISM

The Reverend Ernest Lyons, a Methodist missionary in America, came to Dagupan in 1906 accompanied by Rev Felipe Marquez, a senior Katipunan officer from San Manuel, Pangasinan. It was said that the two of them spread Protestantism throughout the community.

Leon Palaganas, Lorenzo Vinluan, Santiago Javier, Emilio Cabugao, the Velasquez, Aquino, and Oviedo clans of Carael, the Quebrals, and the Ravanzos of Calmay were among the first Katipuneros to convert to Protestantism in Dagupan.

THECANESUGAR INDUSTRY

Based on various accounts, it was evident that economic expansion occurred in Dagupan's rural communities, including Malued, Lasip, Pogo, Caranglaan, Tebeng, Bolosan, Salisay, and Longos, during the first ten years of the American government

During this time, cane sugar grew in importance as a farm crop. Large landowners in the farming villages began to build carabao drawn sugar mills, known as dapilan in the local dialect.

There used to be seven sugar mills powered by carabaos in Malued, the district in Dagupan that produced the most sugar.

These mills were owned by Agustin Siapno and his wife Emiliana Sibayan, who possessed three of them. Gaudencio Siapno, a former city mayor, was raised by them.

Because of this, numerous sugar based local delicacies including the bokayo, bokarilyo, and various varieties of pastilyas were produced as a result of the cane sugar business. There were also Puto and other regional cakes which are also sweet treats, and more additional sugar products available, including ginoyor, nilosor, pakasiat, and others

Back then, cane sugar was kept in large pilons, which are traditional eastern containers. These pilons were made in San Carlos and Binmaley.

SETTINGUPTHE COMMERCIAL CENTEROF DAGUPAN

Initially, the plaza and its surrounding areas were considered the commercial center of Dagupan. Beginning in

1908, the business district on the other side of the river expanded from the public market along Torres Bugallon Avenue up to Quintos Bridge and beyond.

In connection to this would be Don Pedro Flor Concuera, who was the first Filipino businessman. Ilocos Norte resident Don Pedro was a migrant from Batac He first made his home at Binmaley, where he first met his future wife, Dona Vicenta Vinluan. They relocated from Binmaley to Dagupan in 1907. They set up Bazaar Flor in a space they had rented at the Llamas Building in front of the plaza, where they sold jewelry and nonperishables, such as dried goods. After some time, they also bought some other properties close to Fernandez Street, including the corner lot at Calle Nueva and Torres Bugallon Avenue, which is next to the public market They built their own business structure not far from the public market, starting the transition of the commercial center from the plaza to the present day downtown.

THEBIRTHOF PANGASINAN TRANSPORTATION COMPANY

The effectiveness of a community's transportation system has a significant impact on both economic and social development. Dagupan's fast evolution into a metropolis was mainly due to Pangasinan's extensive road system and the establishment of the Pangasinan Transportation Company (PANTRANCO). Much of the credit for Pangasinan's enormous road system goes to the late governor Daniel Maramba. In his capacity as governor, he constructed the roads that connected western Pangasinan to Dagupan and enhanced the eastern towns' roads to make it simpler to go to Dagupan

In 1917, Pantranco was established. It only had six buses when it first began operating. Dagupan was home to both the Victory hotel and its major terminal. The business was created by two Americans, A. L. Ammend and Max Blouse. When fellow American Frank Klar, who served as Pangasinan's provincial treasurer until 1918, retired, he acquired the business Frank Klar and his late son in law, Don Rafael Gonzales, were the ones who initially extended the business's operations to include all of Central and Northern Luzon The Manila Trading Company became the new owners of the business sometime in 1970.

ESTABLISHMENT

OFREGION1 MEDICAL CENTERAND UNIVERSITYOF PANGASINAN

Two significant institutes were established in 1925, extending Dagupan toward the Bani District. These two were the Pangasinan Provincial Hospital and Dagupan Institute, which is today known as the Region 1 Medical Center, and PHINMA University of Pangasinan, respectively.

to be built. Dr. Raymundo Camacho served as its initial director.

According to Basa, Don Teofilo Sison gave a lot for the hospital

University of Pangasinan

https://up phinma edu ph/our story/

The history of the University of Pangasinan and Dr. Blas F. Rayos' career as an educator are closely related. Dr. Mariano Delos Santos, Dean Francisco Benitez, Andres Jacinto, and Amado Ll created the institution in 1925. Blas F. Rayos, Miss Isabel Alisangco, and Ayson. The school gradually expanded throughout the years after opening its doors to 25 secondary students in 1925. In the process, the school produced future leaders for the city and the province Dr Rayos, the university president, is substantially to blame for the rise of the school

THEFIRST TANNERYIN DAGUPAN

From Meycawayan, Bulacan, were immigrants Tomas Nieto and Roman Llanillos, who arrived in Dagupan in 1924, and erected the first tanneries in the city in Caranglaan. Along with his tannery, Nieto built The La Suerte Shoe Shop on Torres Bugallon Avenue (now A.B. Fernandez street), a factory for making shoes.

On the other hand, the Llanillos then moved from the tannery into the jewelry, pharmacy, and movie theater industries.

Aside from them, Faustino Mendoza, a Tagalog immigrant, was a pioneer in the shoe industry. He was the first to build a shoe store where he produced shoes that were built to order Ernesto and Brigido, two of his offspring, have carried on their father's work However, the two worked under La Suerte Footwear

DAGUPANDURING THEJAPANESE

REGIME

Gov Estrada traveled to Manila in search of Blas F Rayos because he needed men to assist him in managing the provincial government. When the conflict started, Rayos received a call to active duty in the USAFFE. When his group was in Tarlac, he had the rank of Kapitan and served as the USAFFE's executive officer for the Central Luzon District. Meanwhile, Capt. Rayos and Lt. Cornelio Tomeldan of Lingayen made two unsuccessful attempts to travel to Bataan and rejoin their mother troops. Rayos was located by Estrada in Manila, and he persuaded him to go back to Pangasinan in order to stop the chaos and save democracy Rayos was chosen by Estrada to serve as the provincial board's secretary, which occurred around the middle of January 1942

After some time, the Japanese army gathered about 30 notable citizens in Dagupan in order to

select a mayor to lead the town, they held an election. Amado Llamas Ayson, a councilor, was chosen, and he asked the Japanese to designate Dagupan as Pangasinan's wartime capital, which the Japanese people concurred, and made West Central School serve as the capitol.

Given that Dagupan functioned as the Pangasinan wartime capital during the conflict, it was said that there was generally tranquility in the neighborhood A guerilla leader in Mangatarem named Capitan Valdez repeatedly threatened to invade Dagupan and raid the headquarters of the Japanese Kempeitai. As a result of the guerillas, the Kempeitai chief in Dagupan threatened to set the town of Mangatarem on fire. The person who stopped both groups from carrying out their threats was Secretary Rayos. Thus, bloody clashes between the two forces spared Dagupan and Mangatarem. Dagupan was home to many notable Pangasinenses throughout the war, and it was in the said town

that they felt safer.

MACARTHUR IN DAGUPAN

MacArthur in Bonuan

https://wwwmortzcortigoza blogspot com/2018/02/n ew macarthur park to rise in bonuan html

Here is an eyewitness account of the MacArthur landing in Bonuan, given by Atty. Iluminado C Meneses, Secretary to Mayor Cipriano M. Manaois. He grew up in Bonuan.

"It was about 9:00 O'clock in the morning of January 9, l945 when the advance troops under General Krueger landed. I was about 14 years old at the time and my family was in Bonuan. I was in my first year in high school.

After the advance troops landed, they mounted an anti air craft on a hill near the old cemetery in Bonuan, in the vicinity of what is now the Dagupan Golf Club

links. As soon as the troops settled in the beach area, the people of Bonuan started to befriend them. Two men from the anti air craft unit became my friends. They were Pvt. Julio Funaro, and one Sgt. Kelth. The coconut grooves along the shoreline in Bonuan struck them with the similarity of the place to New Guinea. Because of this similarity, they held the initial impression that the people of the area must be like the people of New Guinea They were Surprised to find out that we spoke English In his curiosity, Sgt Keith asked me: "Where did you learn to speak English?"

"Oh, I learned it in school." I replied. "You have a school here?" he pursued his inquiry. 'How far is your school from here?" "It's over there about a few kilometers away, " I said, pointing in the direction of the Gregorio del Pilar school.

"Kilometer? Hi, how long is a kilometer?" he asked. That struck me as strange. The American did not know how long a kilometer is.

It was about two, Or three days later when MacArthur actually landed in Bonuan. About 11:00 o 'clock in the morning, I was at the hill with my friends who were manning the anti air craft unit.

There was a sense of anticipation among the Americans all over the place They were all looking towards the sea, their eyes focused towards a group of soldiers wading towards the shore I followed their gaze and I saw General MacArthur wading towards the shore. You can't miss him.. His figure was so striking with his cap, Ray Ban (sunglasses) and corncob pipe.

"There he is," Pvt. Funaro exclaimed. He was so excited. In the spirit of levity, Sgt. Keith responded: "That son of a bitch. He could get ashore riding a 'duck,' but he prefers to wade, with all those photographers

around. He is a big show off."

General Macarthur headed to the town as soon as he touched down in Bonuan. He made the West Central School's Home Economics building his headquarters.

The Philippine Civil Affairs Unit (PCAU) soon began putting the province's civil administration in place. Up until around June 1945, Dagupan remained Pangasinan's capital city

The Filipino leaders who served in government capacities during the Japanese occupation were formally detained to answer for their wartime actions Secretary Blas F Rayos and Mayor Amado LI Ayson were two of the many Pangasinan politicians that were detained. Mayor Ayson was soon enough exonerated, and for a while, he was forced to continue serving as mayor under the PCUA. The process of clearing Secretary Rayos took some time. The well known guerrilla leader Ferdinand Marcos, who once spent a night in the Rayos residence in Pantal during his

stay in Pangasinan during the war, was one of those who sought to clear him before being brought to Muntinlupa.

SCHOOL BOOM

Sofronio Quioson was chosen as governor once Pangasinan's circumstances returned to normal, and Angel Fernandez, the town executive in Dagupan, was reinstated in his position

The schools opened their doors right away to start up again However, numerous pupils could not be accommodated due to a lack of facilities everywhere, wherein the Pangasinan Provincial High School in Lingayen was even decentralized, resulting in the provincial high school's Dagupan branch being inaugurated.

A school was housed in the Klar building in front of the square. It was even stated that the Teachers Memorial Building was once an annex structure constructed out of temporary materials on the grounds of an elementary school facing Torres

Bugallon Avenue West.

According to the book made by Basa, Emilio Severino was in charge of setting up the high school in Dagupan and acting as its first principal. Mayor Fernandez approached the American occupation troops and requested Quonset huts in response to the urgent need, and fortunately, his request was approved.

In Tapuac, Mayor Fernandez erected the Quonset huts The High School was relocated to the Tapuac end during the second year of operations and utilized the Quonset huts built by the Mayor Nemesio Caralde had taken over as principal by that point.

ESTABLISHING THE ORIENT COLLEGES

In response to the increase in schools, seasoned teachers Andres Jacinto and Lourdes Villamil Jacinto canvassed the area to form a business to build a school and built the the Orient Colleges on Rivera Street with the help of five others namely,

Dr. Angel Estrellas, Felipe Tanopo, Jose Zabala, Teofilo P. Guadiz, and Juan Saingan. Later, other schools were established. This solidified Dagupan's status as Pangasinan's new educational hub.

A youthful Dagupeno was appointed as Orient Colleges' new president in 1972, named Reynaldo Quinto Lambino. Lambino, who was born on February 19th, 1933 in Lucao and an accountant by profession, took over as the college's president when he was just 39 years old In 1968, he made a risky decision by founding the Philippine Review Center. This is a new review school for accountants preparing for the board examinations. The center was a success and has continued to get stronger throughout the years.

Lambino graduated with a degree in commerce, majoring in accounting and auditing, and taught in the following review center: Manila review Center;

Trinity Review center in Quezon City; Zamboanga Review Center, and Davao Review Center. He is wed to the former Lucerlita Paragas, a certified public accountant who works in the field.

LRT TO DAGUPAN?

if not all, would undoubtedly still be alive when this occurs. We are writing not only for ourselves but also for future generations. Where would a new rail line be constructed? Because of Mt. Pinatubo, Tarlac, and Pampanga are not immediate possibilities. This opens up a new route, a new connection between Metro Manila and the coastal regions of Bulacan, Pampanga, Bataan, Zambales, and Western Pangasinan This rail line might run along the coast The ambitious Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA), led by Olongapo Mayor Richard Gordon, is already developing plans to construct a P10 million concrete coastal highway between Olongapo City and Metro Manila. This highway should be extended all the way to West, Pangasinan, Bolinao, Alaminos, Sual, and beyond. Specifically, with the upcoming success story: Our province will eventually experience a domino effect caused by Subic Bay and Olongapo City, transforming it HistoricalandSignificantEventsfortheDevelopmentofDagupan

into yet another potential area of economic growth. Visionary planning and skilled management will undoubtedly pay off for our region. The test is to our political and financial pioneers and our residents. November 24, 1992, marks the 100th anniversary of the Manila Dagupan rail line's opening. The historic railway's first century is significant in the history of Dagupan City and Pangasinan It is time to evaluate our province's significance to the nation's future Indeed, Pangasinan's history has always been intertwined with that of the nation

CONSTRUCTION OF THE NEW MAGSAYSAY BRIDGE

New Magsaysay Bridge Source: https://foundation specialists.com/projects/new magsaysay bridge MandaragupanedAwaranyaBagnotan

Along the Urdaneta Dagupan Lingayen Road, in the center of Dagupan City, is where the New Magsaysay Bridge is built.

The old Magsaysay Bridge, which was destroyed by the devastating earthquake on July 16, 1990, was replaced by a new structure. In response to President Aquino's urgent request, Congress quickly approved Republic Act 6960, which allocated 10 billion pesos for the rehabilitation of earthquake ravaged areas This money was used to pay for the New Magsaysay Bridge as well as all other structures that were destroyed by the earthquake

an asphalt overlay, and the two sidewalks are each 2.0 meters wide. Two abutment structures, each with three bored piles 51.5 meters long and 2.20 meters wide, and two frames provide support for the bridge. Frame 1 is built on eight bored piles 55 meters long and 1.7 meters wide, while Frame 2 is built on six bored piles 55 meters long and 1 7 meters wide

Along with sidewalks, curb and gutter, guard rails, reinforced concrete retaining walls, and an underground drainage system, the Project includes two concrete bridge approaches on ramps, each measuring 88 and 76 meters in length and 20 meters wide: The Project has a total length of 294 linear meters, including the Bridge and Approaches on ramp.

16 bridge lamps with an automatic photo cell switch provide illumination for the bridge. The start of construction was held on January 14, 1991. The construction was

completed on November 23, 1991. The project cost P96,193,151.58. Foundation Specialists, Inc. was the designer and general contractor of the new Magsaysay bridge. It was supervised by the Bureau of Construction. The Department of Public Works and Highways was the implementing agency.

DAGUPAN BECOMES A CITY

The City Charter 1. Republic Act 170 led to the creation of Dagupan as a city. This is the law that is referred to as the Dagupan city charter. The city of Dagupan operates under this charter.

It was written by Speaker Eugenio Perez at the time, and President Manuel A. Roxas signed it into law on June 20, 1947. Dagupan became a city on June 20, 1947, when the city charter was approved into law by a Supreme Court decision.

2. Executive Order No. 96

President Roxas issued Executive Order No. 15 on October 15, 1947.96. This executive order had two objectives: 1) To fix the regional furthest reaches of Dagupan as a city, and 2) To fix the date of the association of the regional government.

In accordance with Executive Order No. 96, Dagupan and Calasiao were intended to be included in Dagupan City in 1996 The official launch was scheduled for January 1, 1948

On December 25, 1957, a general conference of the people of Calasiao was held to find out if they wanted to be integrated into the new city, which was to be called "DAGU CALA CITY."

The attendance at the general meeting resulted in a five to one vote in favor of opposing the merger with the new city, as reported in the December 29, 1947 issue of the Pioneer Herald. According to the Pioneer Herald, Proceso Domagas, a prominent Calasiao citizen who supported the merger with Dagupan,

addressed the gathering. The only speaker was him. The fusion failed regardless of this concession. Because they did not want to lose their identity, the people of Calasiao refused to join the new city.

3. The Municipal Board of 1947

The municipal board was made up of the following members when the city charter was signed into law on June 20, 1947: Alipio F Fernandez, Sr , mayor, Marcelo Balolong, vice mayor; Dr Ricardo B Villamil, Felipe M Tanopo, Dr Toribio Quimosing, Atty Marcelino V Villamil, Fabian P Calimlim, Atty Liberato LI. Reyna, and Rodolfo C. de Venecia, councilors, with Paulino Cabugao serving as the municipal board's secretary.

Based on the Supreme Court's ruling that Dagupan became a city on June 20, 1947, these individuals must be acknowledged as the city's first municipal board members.

4. There was Confusion

Republic Act 170's enactment and the issuance of Executive Order No. 96. On October 15, 1947, Dagupenos were confused about this order

On November 10, 1947, the Commission on Elections held an election in Dagupan in a state of confusion

Except for the vice mayor, there was a complete ticket for both the Nacionalista and Liberal parties, including councilors and the mayor.

Boy Scout Executive, Juan Saingan, was the Nacionalista Party's bet for the mayoralty; Liberal Party businessman Sabas Collado stood in his way.

Dominador "Ador" Catubig, a realtor, ran for vice mayor He was unopposed.

Saingan emerged victorious from the vote The complete list of poll winners read as follows: Mayor: Juan Saingan; Vice Mayor: Dominador Catubig; Councilors: Liberato Ll Reyna, Amado Ll Ayson, Teodorico Caramat, Pedro Tandoc, Teofilo P. Guadiz, Policronio de Venecia, Flaviano Mejia and Ruperto Z Tandoc

5. The Inauguration

President Roxas was forced to issue a new executive order as a result of the people of Calasiao's rejection of the merger with Dagupan into the new city (Executive Order No.115), which was dated December 31, 1947.

Executive Order No. 96 was modified by the new decree by restricting the new city's territory solely to the old municipality of Dagupan's jurisdiction Calasiao was not included

It specified January 1, 1948, as the day the city would officially open its doors. Nicanor Roxas, acting executive secretary, traveled to Dagupan to swear in the new officials, who included the following: City Mayor: Angel B. Fernandez; City Councilors: Liberato Ll. Reyna, Amado Ll. Ay son, Teodorico Caramat, Pedro Tandoc, Dr. Ricardo B. Villamil, Dr. Pedro Balolong, Dr. Toribio Quimosing, and Don Crisologo Zarate.

The various department heads who were also installed were as follows: City Treasurer, Emeterio Delos Santos; City Auditor, Brigido Martinez; City Assessor, Marcelino Villamil; City Fiscal, Jose D. Parayno; Municipal Judge, Januario Hermitano; Chief of Police, Felipe Ll. Cuison; City Health Officer, Dr. Ignacio C. de Guzman; City Engineer: Vicente Oledan; City Superintendent of Schools, Federico Piedad

6 The Quo Warranto Proceeding

Only one of the Nacionalistas who won the November 10, 1947 elections was present at the city's official opening on January 1, 1948. Pedro Tandoc, a City Councilor, was the winner. The others' victory was ignored. Saingan, who won the election as mayor in 1947, was not present. The reason for this was that the city charter (Republic Act 170) stipulated that the President of the Philippines would appoint the city mayor.

Angel B. Fernandez, a liberal, was appointed by President Roxas in accordance with

Republic Act 170.

In contrast, Catubig, who was unopposed in the 1947 elections, had nowhere to go. The city charter did not provide for the position of city vice mayor

A quo warranto case was brought before the Supreme Court by the Nacionalistas who won the election as councilors in 1947 but were not present at the city's inauguration. Teofilo P. Guadiz, Flaviano Mejia, Policronio de Venecia, and Ruperto Z Tandoc was among them.

The court had to go through the quo warranto process in order to acknowledge them as the legitimately elected Dagupan city councilors and order that they be seated as such

The petitioners received a favorable ruling from the Supreme Court after nearly two years of litigation As a result, Ruperto Tandoc, Guadiz, De Venecia, Mejia, and others were seated as city councilors. The Supreme Court ruled that Dagupan became a city on June 20, 1947, the day President Roxas signed and that they should be seated as city councilors into law public 170, the city charter. The

court decided that the councilors' election in 1947 was valid as a logical follow up to this As a result, the court mandated that they sit as city councilors.

7. Population & Income

The approximate population of Dagupan in 1947, when it became a city, was approximately 60,000, according to the 1960 population census. According to Don Angel B. Fernandez's papers, the city made approximately P540,880 25 in its first six years as a city He was mayor from 1948 to 1953 The following were the breakdowns:

1) Streets & Bridges P48,950 00;

2) General Fund P334,998.55

3) The Waterworks P28,177.65

4) P315.00 for the cemetery

5) P73,239.03 for intermediate schools

6) P55,200.00 for high schools.

The income listed above is an estimate of the budget for the 1948 1949 fiscal year.

8. No New Taxes

According to Fernandez, a former city mayor, his administration did not impose any new taxes on the population for the first six years of the city's existence. He stated that the populace was concerned in 1947 that the transformation of the town into a city might result in substantial tax increases. Former Mayor Fernandez stated that his administration would not impose any new taxes in order to demonstrate to the people of Dagupan that the city could function normally without adding any additional costs

9 Frontier Moves Southward Roads make progress possible City Mayor Angel B Fernandez built the Perez boulevard in full awareness of this fact The road runs from Mayombo to Tapuac and goes through the edge of Pogo Chico during 1948. People traveling between Manila and Lingayen who don't want to be delayed by the usual heavy traffic in the city center can use it as a detour.

In fact, the construction of Perez Boulevard pushed the city's boundary south. The Perez boulevard area is quickly becoming Dagupan's second commercial hub. Mayor Fernandez also built the Perez boulevard market on the riverbank to go along with the construction of the Perez boulevard.

He received his bachelor's degree in commerce with an accounting concentration from Far Eastern University and his master's degree from Jose Rizal College with an accounting concentration. He is a member of the bar and has a law degree from the Dagupan Colleges, which is now the University of Pangasinan.

10 Establishment of Luzon Colleges

The city's move toward Pogo was pioneered by the Luzon Colleges On July 2, 1948, roughly 15 people established this organization Since its establishment, Atty. Luis F. Samson was the president of the school. He was a Bataan veteran who received seven military decorations for his service during the war. He was also named "Educator of the Year" in 1966 by the American Legion Post 21, and the Philippine Institute of Certified Public Accountants gave him the award for "Outstanding CPA in Education" in 1969.

He previously held the position of Dean of the Dagupan Colleges' College of Commerce

11. Establishment of the Northwestern Educational Institution

The Northwestern Educational Institution (NEI) is another school that helped Dagupan's rapid social and economic development.

In 1951, Dr. Deogracias Castaneda and his wife Esperanza Gonzalez Castaneda established Northwestern When the Galvan Cabrera building on Jose Torres Bugallo avenue in downtown Dagupan caught fire in 1968, it was moved to Mayombo

The school's founder, Dr. Castaneda, had a doctorate in philosophy. In 1960 he was designated as Senior Chief of the Code Commission.

From that point forward, the organization of the school passed under the control of Mrs. Castaneda. Mrs. Castaneda is the Regent of the Daughters of Isabella. She is a Catholic lay leader. She was a member of the Soroptimist club, adviser to the Dagupan Young Professions Ladies Association, and former president of the Agno Valley PRISAA

The Dagupan City Lawyers League presented her with the "Most Outstanding Educator of Pangasinan Award."

12. Putting up the Nazareth General Hospital

An elliptical building can be found close to the Perez Boulevard and Rizal Street intersection, at the foot of the Magsaysay Bridge. The Nazareth General Hospital is located here. It is quickly becoming a city landmark. On September 22, 1968, the location saw the construction of the initial two story building. The history of this institution is beautiful The beginning of this emergency clinic was a two bed facility on Arellano road set up by a woman doctor on June 7, 1959 Dra was its founder Oreta Dizon GenerosaShe immigrated to Dagupan in 1927 with her husband from Malabon, Rizal. She was the first woman in Dagupan to practice medicine.

It is said that around one portion of the children brought into the world in Dagupan from 1927 up to the episode of the conflict, were conveyed by her.

After Dra. Oreta Dizon passed away in 1961, her daughter, also a doctor, took over the clinic. It was Caridad and her better half,

Nazareth General Hospital

1 Dr. Edmundo G. Exconde, who extended the two bed facility into what is presently the Nazareth General Emergency clinic.

Elpidio Y Dizon, Caridad's father, was a highly accomplished physician. He was a Lingayen native. He met Dra while he was studying medicine at the University of the Philippines.Oreta benevolent. They tied the knot and made their home in Dagupan after completing their medical training.

Ear, nose, and throat (EENT) specialist Dr Dizon He joined the Pangasinan Provincial Hospital upon his arrival in Dagupan There were few doctors at the time, and there were even fewer EENT specialists across the nation. His expertise in his field was widely known, and his services were in high demand. "My father used to work up to seven times a day." His daughter stated, "He was so overworked, and because of this, he died early," which Caridad recalled to us.

Dr. Dizon once had a famous person as a patient. Elsa Oria, the singing love of Philippine films in the 1930s, was the one. She traveled all the way to Dagupan from Manila. She needed a specialist for her throat because she had a sore throat.

The fact that Elsa Orias was in our house quickly spread throughout the town. Caridad recollects, " very quickly the house was packed with people wanting to see the famous movie artist in person "

13. Strong Earthquake

Around the middle of June 1962, a series of powerful tremors rattled Dagupan. The pinnacle of the Roman Catholic Church fell and numerous structures in the city broke. The quakes happened at unpredictable intervals for around three weeks

The quakes happened at unpredictable intervals for around three weeks Calmay was the epicenter of the earthquake. A lot of people were afraid Later, there was a rumor that the city would experience a significant tidal wave as a result of the series of powerful earthquakes Numerous island barrios such as Calmay and Carael, had their residents fled to other towns. Some people were so terrified that they began selling their homes. Property values decreased in Calmay and the surrounding areas Calmay's earthquake, according to geologists, was caused by a fissure several miles below the surface

14 Expansion Westward

Gov. Servillano Dela Cruz began building a new road to connect Dagupan and Lingayen after the Franklin bridge in Calmay was destroyed by a flood in 1935. The MacArthur highway that runs through Tapuac and Lucao now includes this section.

The new road line was finished before the Pacific War started, but the USAFFE forces that were leaving Lingayen for Bataan in 1941 destroyed the bridges along the road line in Binmaley.

After General MacArthur's liberation of Pangasinan, the bridges were rebuilt and the road line reopened to traffic.

The city began to grow westward in 1946 when the Dagupan City High School moved from Jose Torres Bugallon Avenue in the Poblacion area to Tapuac.

Six schools and colleges were established in Tapuac in 1972: the Mother Goose Playskool, the Mother Goose City School of Nursing, Edna Torio's Kindergarten and Grade School, the Dagupan Vocational School, and the City High School There was once a vast swampland in Tapuac. In the past, there was a huge natural basin in the region that was always full of water. It held rainwater approximately 14 feet deep. The basin was known as an inarangan

This inarangan filled slowly over time in the natural order of things until it was very shallow The place got its name from the gradual accumulation of soil erosion and other wastes in the basin of Tapuac The natural filling of the basin with solid particles until it becomes a flatland is referred to by this Pangasinan word

The area has become the site of subdivisions of housing, with the exception of the six schools in Tapuac Greenfields subdivision lends itself well to a sociological investigation. It is rapidly evolving into a community within a community and developing a distinct identity as it is made up of middle class families

While the homeowners of the subdivision worked together to grow the community as a whole, Pepito Bautista and his wife, Lolita Mejia, are credited with starting the subdivision's development.

A two room bungalow jr from 1972:the Greenfield development could be leased for P200.00 every month

The city has reached Lucao as a result of its westward expansion. In Lucao, there are currently two commercial buildings, the Millora building, and the Filipinas Life Assurance Co.'s regional office. Additionally, two restaurants and coffee shops cater to the needs of local businesses.DWIN, a radio station, is also based in Lucao. The shelled fish known as lukan in the local dialect may have given rise to the name Lucao. Alejandro S. Decano, a former City Councilor who was born and raised in Lucao, claims that when he was a young boy about 40 years ago, the barrio used to have a large swampland. It was a place where the community could fish This area had a lot of lukan, so people called it "lukanan " This may have been how the barrio got its name It's possible that time has changed the word "lukan" into "Lucao "

15. Introducing the Use of Tricycles

The calesa was the primary mode of transportation in the

center of Dagupan during the beginning of the 1960s. The wind blown horse dung on the street was the subject of ongoing complaints.

16. Mass Media in Dagupan

Seven radio stations were broadcasting in Dagupan as of 1977: the first was DZRI; the others were DZTD, DZWN, DWIN, DZRD, DZDL, DZMQ, and the government relay station in Bonuan.

Tricycle

https://www sunstar com ph/article/1605605/pangas inan/local news/dagupan city opens night tricycle franchises

The tricycle had replaced the calesa on the streets as the decade of the 1960s came to an end. Filipino inventiveness gave rise to the tricycle. It comprises an attached sidecar on a motorcycle. Two standard people can ride in the sidecar comfortably.

The city government officially approves the operation of this transportation system because it has generated jobs for about 1,000 tricycle drivers and provides a sizable source of revenue for the city through the municipal tax it levies on tricycle operators

The Kanlaon Broadcasting System, Anthony Villanueva of Ilocos Sur, the Manila Times Publishing Company, the Kanlaon Broadcasting System, the Kanlaon Broadcasting System, and Mr Ng of Quezon City are the owners of DZTD, DZWN, DWIN, DZRD, and DZDL, respectively DZRI is operated by the Lopez family's ABS CBN

In 1972, there were four regular newspapers: three weeklies and one bimonthly. They were the Rustico Mendoza owned The Standard, the late Ermin Erfe Garcia's Sunday Punch, currently run by his son Ermin Jr., the Courier, a Pangsinan Review Inc. publication, and the corporate owned Tribunal. The STANDARD was Dagupan's first effort at publishing a biweekly newspaper.

Mayorsof Dagupan

Toribio Jovellanos (Municipal President, 1900)

was married to Don Toribio. The former was said to be Leonor Rivera's friend and classmate, wherein Leonor Rivera frequently visited Dona Carmen during her 1890 1891 stay in Dagupan, and that Leonor used to perform on Dona Carmen's piano.

Since the time of the Spanish era, Don Toribio Ramos had worked as a weather observer for the meteorological bureau. He had made a career out of observing the weather. In Manila, his brother Cesar worked as a weather observer as well.

After some time, the former Carmen Villamil, a teacher at the provincial school in Dagupan,

However, in 1900, while many Filipino leaders were still fighting the Americans, the latter put up a military government to rule the country. The American Military administration named Don Toribio Jovellanos municipal president of Dagupan in the same year Hence, he was the first executive of Dagupan under the rule of Americans During that time, the late President Emilio Aguinaldo was still engaged in combat. In

MayorsofDagupan

the said province. Following his brief tenure as municipal executive, he focused exclusively on his responsibilities as a representative of the meteorological bureau. Nonetheless, their son, Jose P. Jovellanos likewise became municipal president of Dagupan and continued his father’s legacy.

Fabian Villamil (Municipal President, 1901)

The second Municipal President of Dagupan City during the American's rule was Don Fabian Villamil However, he only held office power for one year in 1901.

took part in the 1898 battle of Dagupan, which led to the surrender of the Spanish army led by General Federico Caballos. He also had a close relationship with the former governor of Pangasinan, Juan Alvear. The Espiritista Cristiana movement was started in Pangasinan by the two of them, where they propagated it eastward to other towns in Pangasinan, Ilocos Region and also in the provinces of Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, Northern Quezon, Nueva Vizcaya It later spread to the Cagayan Valley, Benguet, Mountain Province, and then to the Islands of Visayas and Mindanao. This said movement, or the Union of Christian Spiritists in the Philippines, also known as Union Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Incorporada, is a religious organization with more than a thousand affiliated local and international centers (churches). It is regarded as the largest organization of Christian spiritists in the Philippines.Up to this day, Espiritistas still exist in Dagupan.

Don Fabian was married to Dona Juana Arzadon, the granddaughter of Don Francisco Arzadon, who was a capitan during the Spanish regime. She was also the sister of Eliseo Arzadon, another notable Katipunero from Dagupan City. Sadly, Don Fabian and Dona Juana did not have any children.

Don Juan Villamil (Municipal President, 1902 1905)

The first municipal president chosen by popular vote under the American government was Don Juan Villamil, who served from 1902 to 1905, a total of two terms.

At the town square, a viva voce, also known as oral voting, was taken in the first election. An American government official conducted it. Quiterio

Favilla, the son of Governor Macario Favilla, the Pangasinan governor at the time, ran against Villamil.

The political alignments of este contra oeste (east against west) in Dagupan began with the election. Villamil resided on the western side of the Toboy river, whereas Favilla resided on its eastern bank.

Juan Crisostomo Villamil, who was given the name after Don Juan, asserts that Don Pablo Villamil, the cabeza de barangay, was a relative of the first elected municipal president

At the beginning of the twenty first century, Presidente Villamil served as an editor and publisher of a newspaper in Dagupan for about two decades. Juan Saingan of Pantal, claims to have worked at Don Juan’s printing press. However, Saingan is no longer able to recollect the title of the publication of Don Juan. But during this time, Pangasinan had a publication called El Heraldo Pangasinan, hence it was somehow concluded that this could be the publication started by Don Juan.

Rizal Monument at Luneta

Don Juan also used to write and direct plays, according to Saingan When his Pangasinan translation of Jose Rizal's Mi Ultimo Adios was engraved in bronze, this gifted Dagupan executive attained immortality. The said translation is currently on exhibit at the Rizal monument in Luneta, Sofia Laurel, the sister of Don Mariano Laurel and the daughter of Don Silvestre Laurel, was the wife of Don Juan. The said couple had four children, namely: Esperanza, Francisco, Rosario, and Cleofas. Esperanza was delivered to Roy Blockman, an American surveyor who was the first person in Dagupan to acquire an automobile. Before the war, Francisco worked as a businessman and owned a printing press He then moved to the USA and became

the father of Johnny and Alejandro Villamil.

Moreover, Rosario was married to Alejandro S. Venteres, The song Leonor, written by Rizal in memory of Leonor Rivera, was translated into Pangasinan by Venteres. Additionally, he translated Rizal's Noli Me Tangere into Pangasinan.

The spouse of Cleofas was Rufo Flor Mata of Lingayen The publisher of the Tunong Magazine in the 1920s and 1930s, Jose Bernal Fernandez, was married to Dona Loreta Flor Mata, who was the daughter of Don Rufo and Dona Cleofas

During the second election in 1903, Don Mariano Laurel, the brother in law of Don Juan, opposed him when he sought reelection in 1903. This is due to the fact that este alliance was represented by Don Mariano Laurel, who lived in a house on the Toboy River's bank where the former Excella Academy once stood. The brothers in law were the opponents in the second election, which was held in

secret in Dagupan's town square. The said election was the first vote by ballot election held in Dagupan. During this election, Villamil won the battle. The public school system of Dagupan City was established on a temporary structure in a house facing the public plaza during his tenure as Presidente Municipal. Later, Villamil constructed the original Dagupan Central School on what is now Magsaysay Park, next to the Toboy River

Don Gregorio Beltran (Municipal President, 1905 1906)

Roman Catholicism in the country was shaken by the Katipunan revolution's victory, which brought an end to Spanish rule in Dagupan with General Federico Caballos, the commanding general of the Spanish forces in Pangasinan, surrendering to General Francisco Macabulos of the Katipunan in Dagupan on July 23, 1898.

Padre Adriano Garces joined the Aglipayan movement in Dagupan after leaving the

Catholic Church. Given his influence, nearly all of the influential and prominent families in Dagupan accompanied him.

The Aglipayan Movement, led by Bishop Gregorio Aglipay, was a nationalist movement inside the church and the pinnacle of Padre Jose Burgos' martyred priest's battle for Filipino nationalism.

Don Pedro de Venecia's heart responded strongly to the nationalist cause Don Pedro gave his land, which is next to the Aglipayan chapel that presently sits on the former Galvan Street market location Don Pedro's daughter Casimera married Padre Gregorio Gaerlan, another member of the Aglipayan church, while Don Pedro's son, the Rev. Santiago de Venecia, became an Aglipayan priest. In Dagupan, those were the years when the enthusiasm in the Aglipayan church was at its peak. Hence, one of the main pillars of Aglipayanism in Dagupan was Don Gregorio Beltran.

At the height of the Philippine

Independent Church's (Aglipayan) dominance in Dagupan, Don Gregorio Beltran was propelled to municipal presidency.

Don Gregorio was the son of Juan Beltran of Torres Bugallon Avenue West, worked for the municipal government before being elected president, and was wed to Catalina Mangued, an Ilocana. No children were conceived by the couple Because of this, Don Gregorio enrolled in the Aglipayan seminary in Urdaneta after serving as municipal president and went on to get his priestly ordination there, and was later on assigned to the town of Anda.

Modesto Hortaleza Coquia (Municipal President, 1907 1909)

The fifth person to serve as Dagupan's municipal president was Don Modesto H. Coquia, who served as the municipal president for two years, from 1907 to 1909.

According to the book made by Restituto Basa, Coquia pursued his studies at the Vigan Seminary. In the past, Modesto had considered becoming a priest. He afterwards changed his mind, and began working for the government where he eventually attained the position of town treasurer

His appointment as municipal president in 1907 was said to be the pinnacle of his career in public service.

Living in the Dagupan’s poblacion area at his time was quite uncomfortable. This was because there was no electricity back then. What's worse is that there was no place in the said area to obtain drinking water. Because of this, residents of the poblacion had to travel by boat from Pugaro, Pogo, Lasip, or Malued to get their drinking water.

Given this context, it is easy to

appreciate the importance of Don Modesto's efforts in digging the first two artesian wells in the poblacion area of Dagupan. One of the two wells is still providing water to the city. It was used as a water supply source for the tank behind city hall. Dagupan had a small population at the time, therefore the two artesian wells must have been more than enough to suit everyone ' s needs It was also during his term that electricity was introduced to the community

Don Modesto was the first Dagupan Executive to build a bridge that could accommodate automobile traffic to link Bonuan to the poblacion area. Although it was only a temporary bridge, it did its purpose. Even if it was little, the Bonuan people saw that as a significant progress. According to Juan Coquia, Don Modesto's son, the fifth Dagupan town executive was wed to the former Genoveva Fernandez. They then had six children, namely: Calixto, Juan, Julieta, Esperanza, Francisca, and Macaria.

Dr. Ignacio Coquia de Guzman, a former city health officer of Dagupan and regional health director for Region I of the department of health, is one of Don Modesto's numerous grandchildren who served on the municipal board of Dagupan as an ex officio city councilor.

Mariano K. Laurel

(Municipal President, 1909 1911)

Callanta, grandson of Dona Maria, revealed that Don Mariano was the first to change the letter C in his mother's last name from Callanta to K to reflect his Tagalog origins. Judge Callanta's declaration demonstrates that Don Silvestre, Don Mariano's father, immigrated to Dagupan from the Tagalog region.

One of Silvestre Laurel and Maria Callanta's three children was Don Mariano K. Laurel. Dona Maria was an affluent Dagupena, whereas Don Silvestre prospered commercially in Dagupan. The latter ran sailboats that traveled between Manila and Dagupan and were known as SAKAYAN by the Laurel clan. In an interview, Judge Jacinto

Ramon and Sofia Laurel were Don Silvestre and Dona Maria's other children and the siblings of Mariano Juan Villamil, a former municipal president of Dagupan, married Sofia Ramon died young and only had one child, Maria Laurel. Ramon was renowned for having a beautiful voice. He allegedly had a vocal cord rupture while singing an extremely high note, became ill and resulted in his early death. As the chief executive of Dagupan, Don Mariano was the first to build a concrete bridge. It was along Jose Torres Bugallon Avenue where he built the first Quintos Bridge.

Victorina, Procopio, Juana, Cornelio, Gregorio, and Angel

were his six children from his marriage to the former Celerina Nevado. As a family man, Mariano sent his kids to the greatest schools in the nation and overseas. He sent Gregorio to the Philippine Military Academy to study military science, and Procopio to Germany to study aviation. The youngest, Angel, perished when he was a young boy while swimming in the river Juana Laurel was married to a real estate and insurance salesman, Perfecto Manila The oldest child, Victoria, was wed to Prudencio Catubig Lastly, Cornelio went to Japan to study medicine However, after completing his medical training, Cornelio passed away in Japan. In Dagupan, he left behind a sweetheart who was heartbroken to pieces. The late Miss Maria C. Magsano, demonstrated her loyalty to Cornelio by forgoing another relationship in order to focus all of her energy on social work, feminist movements, and writing. Samban Agnabenegan, one of Miss Magsano's beloved

novels, was created as a remembrance of Cornelio.

From 1911 until 1915, Don Antonio Llamas Fernandez presided over the municipality. He served as the town's municipal judge before entering politics. His wife, Capistrana Bernal, on the other hand, taught at the local public schools while he served as a judge there. There are two volumes of the minutes of the Dagupan municipal board under his administration in existence today His son, Don Angel B Fernandez, is the owner of them The volumes are book bound and include the official government forms of the era

Don Antonio Llamas Fernandez (Municipal President, 1911-1915)

The late Judge Prodencio Catubig, the board secretary, wrote the majority of them in his distinctive handwriting.

Don Angel told Restituto Basa that he saw the minutes of the board sessions during the administration of his father when the war broke out. He said that the official records of the municipal government were in disarray, and the former got them, to save them from destruction Restituto Basa was shocked to learn the following while reading the two volumes, which were primarily in Spanish with a little bit of English: 1. 2. 3. The two volumes could be also

used as a resource by researchers who are interested in learning more about Pangasinan province at that time. The Dagupan municipal board regularly discussed resolutions from the provincial board. One of these resolutions presumably designated the Anolid Bridge in Governor Aquilino Calvo's honor. Among the two volumes, there were two crucial resolutions: 1

Toboy River is the true name of the river in Pantal that is more often referred to as Pantal River; During the reign of Don Antonio, the municipal board's meetings took place on Wednesday afternoon; The municipal board was made up of 16 elective representatives, including the president, vice president, and 14 councilors.

Adopted on January 29, 1913, during the regular session, is Resolution No 23 This resolution mandated that the "Insular government" grant the municipal government of Dagupan a loan in the amount of P50,000.

The public market location and the lot on the opposite side of municipal Street (now known as Jose Torres Bugallon avenue) up to the Toboy River were to be purchased with the sum of P50,000. If there is any money left over after paying for the two lots, it will be utilized to build the market and, if necessary, a port next to the river.

2. Adopted on May 13, 1914, during the session, Resolution No. 81. By means of this resolution, the municipal board approved the transfer of the public market which was built under the Pangasinan district engineer's supervision. The market price was P22,597.75. The first market with tile roofing that was destroyed in the inferno of 1952 was this one Don Antonio Fernandez will have to give his board members, including Felix Calimlim, municipal vice president, Eustacio del Rosario, Eulalio C Reyes, Juanita Sales, Quiterio Favilla, Geraldo Ayson, Jose Valencerina, Macario Legaspi, Cirilo Catubig, Vicente Tiongson, and Alejo Flores, credit for the purchase of the two lots and the building of the original market. Additionally built in the barrio during Don Antonio's rule were a few artesian wells. Aurelio, Jose, Amado, Paz, Miguel, and Angel were the six children born to Don Antonio and Dona Capistrana. Jose set

up a printing plant and started publishing the newsmagazine Tunong, while Aurelio went into business for himself. Amado pursued a career in medicine and established a hospital, but he passed away at the start of the war. Paz was married to Engr. Isidoro de Venecia. Miguel became a teacher, and Angel, a former mayor of Dagupan and afterwards a congressman from Pangasinan's second district

Ciriaco Palaganas (Municipal President, 1915 1916)

that Palaganas and Venteres families were related by affinity.

He was elected in 1915 and served the city for only one year. When he was elected, it was the time when the First World War was happening in Europe. Filipino volunteers were needed to fight in Europe representing the American Flag when the United states joined the war. President Manuel L. Quezon, former president of the Philippines, promised to send approximately 25,000 Filipinos in response to the need for volunteers Therefore, the reason why Don Ciriaco Palaganas served the city as Mayor for one year was because he volunteered himself to fight in Europe. He went through some training after leaving his elective position as Mayor of Dagupan. But the war came to an abrupt end as soon as the Filipino volunteers’ training was ended. The next mayor, Don Guillermo De Venecia, had already taken over his position, hence, Palaganas could no longer return to it. He was then

employed by President Manuel L. Quezon at the Manila Railroad Company. In Sariaya, Quezon, he served as Station Master for the last time.

Don Guillermo De Venecia Municipal Vice President 1915 Municipal President - 19161918 2nd term as Municipal President - 1925-1926

Don Guillermo De Venecia was the Municipal Vice President during 1915 and became the Municipal President during 1916 to 1918.

A lasting memorial of Don Guillermo De Venecia’s time as Municipal President was built for him. This took the form of the municipal building, which was opened in 1926 and is still our city hall even up to this day.

He was Don Ciriaco Palaganas’ Vice President in 1915, and son of Don Pablo De Venecia, the “anak banwa” of Bolosan, Dagupan City. Don Guillermo assumed the position of Office Municipal President when Don Ciriaco was commissioned as an officer of Filipino volunteers to fight in Europe during the First World War.

In 1925, he retook his position as Municipal President for the second time And later, constructed the municipal building during those times The Presidencia building is also known as the City Hall during these times

The entire municipal board that helped him establish the presidencia included: Felix Calimlim, Numeriano Tanopo, Jose Fenoy, Teofilo P. Guadiz, Gualberto de Devencia, Pascual Lozano, Toribio Guardiana, Roman Villamil, Jose Jovellanos, Proceso Bautista, Martin Mejia, Felipe Prado, Santiago Pastoral, and Federico Estrada served as the secretary of the municipal board.

His wife was Maria Rabago. She was the daughter of Don Anacleto Rabago, a wealthy landowner who once owned practically the entire Barrio Pogo Chico. They had seven children who were Jose Sr., Policronio, Zosimo, Alberto, Felipe, Paz, and Guillermina.

Don Jose V. Jovellanos (Municipal President, 1919 1922)

Don Jose V. Jovellanos was the former municipal president in 1919 to 1922. Under American rule, he was the first son of a mayor to become mayor of Dagupan City, Pangasinan. His father is Don Toribio Jovellanos, appointed by the American Military government as a municipal president of Dagupan during 1900.

Other than being the municipal president, he also served as a municipal councilor for the city. During the construction of the presidencia building in 1926, he was one of the members of the municipal board.

One of his achievements and contributions as the Municipal President of Dagupan City was the Rizal Monument located in the town plaza

Don Felix Calimlim (Municipal President, 19261928)

In 1926 to 1928, Don Felix Calimlim became the Municipal President Before ascending to the municipal presidency, he served at least twice as the Municipal Vice President during 1911 to 1915 and 1925 to 1926.

Jose Rizal Monument

He was known as a newspaperman and wrote for the Tunong Magazine. According to Dr Ricardo B Villamil, Don Jose spent his time promoting baseball to keep his generation’s youth off the streets

The former Leonor Magno Venezuela from Pozorrubio was his wife and they had nine children namely: Rosario, Tita, Jose Jr., Cesar, Raymundo, Toribo II, Lucia, Carmelita, and Emiliano.

In 1926, while he was serving his second term as vice president, he assisted Don Guillermo De Venecia in building the municipal building.The municipal coffers were empty when he took office as president. The presidencia was built with no money left. Furthermore, he dedicated and committed his time to his work to make certain improvements to barrio roads.

Dolores Manzon from San Carlos was his beloved wife They had four children and they are Maria, Antonio, Engracia, and Arsenio

Antonio Calimlim retired as a school supervisor before becoming a teacher Engracia married Damaso Morales, a now retired supervisor of the Bureau

of Private Schools. She also became a teacher at the University of San Carlos in Cebu. Additionally, Maria Calimlim became a teacher. She was married to the Philippine Navy's Captain Juan Dela Cruz. Furthermore, Jose Paras Calimlim, the former mayor, was a nephew of Don Felix Calimlim.

Jose Paras Calimlim, Sr.

Municipal Councilor: 1925 1928

Municipal President: 1928 1931 2nd term as Municipal President: 1934 1937

lawyer to be elected as Dagupan’s Mayor. He studied law and graduated from the Philippine Law School. His motto served as a guide for his conduct as a public official which is, “Anggano naupot so tamorok ya manasin, ag ak mantakew na pilak na baley." Literally translated in English as “Even if my index finger runs out, I will not steal the public treasury ” It simply means that stealing money from the public was not his intention and will never be

He was a municipal councilor when the presidencia was built, prior to his first election as municipal president. He served as a municipal councilor for 3 years (1925 1928). Later on, he was elected to be the municipal president twice during 1928 1931 and 1934 1937.

Jose Paras Calimlim, Sr. was greatly admired and loved by the people. He was considered as a poor human being and when he got involved in politics, he got even poorer. His difference with others that he holds is that he is the first

The following are some of his accomplishments as municipal president: 1.

The construction of the West Central Elementary School, now located at Burgos Street, Dagupan City, Pangasinan.

2. He built the road that connects Tambac’s national road to Tebeng and Mangin. 3. He was the first one who built a bridge in Pogo. He was the son of Felix Llamas Calimlim and Margarita Fernandez Paras. His wife’s name is the former Fortunata Acosta from Lingayen, Pangasinan.

Subsequent to filling in as Mayor of Dagupan, he was subsequently named as a circuit judge for the towns of Urbiztondo, Mangatarem, and Aguilar. His final position was to be Dagupan's municipal judge. On August 11, 1945 was the date that he died.

mayor, municipal mayor, and municipal president. Don Antonio Llamas Fernandez was the first, followed by Amado Llamas Ayson, Liberato Llamas Reyna, and even close to Felipe Llamas Cuison.

Jose Fernandez Llamas is one of many members of the Llamas clan who have held office as city

Don Jose left a memory of his administration behind the city hall building, which is the water tank. He also built the first kiosk in the plaza, which was later torn down to make room for new improvements He also held a number of other positions in the government which are the following: 1 2. 3. 4. With regards to being a Municipal President, he was elected as a Chairman of the Municipal Presidents League of

Municipal Councilor Pangasinan Provincial Board Security during Governor Servillano Dela Cruz's tenure Secretary to Speaker Eugenio Perez of the House of Representatives Justice of the Peace of Sta. Rosales and Barbara.

Jose Fernandez Llamas (Municipal President, 1931 1934)

Pangasinan. He won the election as municipal president on the promise that he would work to make Dagupan a city. He won the election as municipal president on the promise that he would work to make Dagupan a city.

He was raised by Juan Llamas and Eulalia Fernandez, his parents. He was married to the daughter of Toribio Jovellanos and Dona Carmen Villamil, Maria Villamil

In addition, he was known as a newspaperman and a lawyer who wrote for Tunong under the alias name or pen name of “Silin Tabal”

He passed away on August 16, 1960, leaving behind his nine children: Alfonso, Hernando, Baltazar, Juanito, Angeles, Luis, Fanny, Jesusa, and Leonides.

Angeles' grandmother, Dona Carmen Villamil, left her the piano. Leonor Rivera used to play the piano on this one. The same piano was later given to the Bulacan Museum by her. Felipe Lazaro of Bustos, Bulacan, was her husband.

Hernando became the city

treasurer of San Carlos City, Pangasinan, while Alfonso became a COMELEC registrant. Leonides rose to the position of municipal judge in Magsaysay, western Mindoro. Luis trained as a priest; Baltazar was a senior member of the Bureau of Lands' legal staff, and Fanny worked as a librarian at the University of Santo Tomas.

Don Amado Llamas Ayson

Municipal Councilor: 1934 1941 Municipal Mayor: 1942 1945 City Councilor: 1948 1951

Don Amado Lamas Ayson was the former municipal councilor during 1934 to 1941. He then became the municipal mayor during 1942 1945 Later on, served as a city councilor during 1948 1951

Many people think that Don Amado Llamas Ayson is the greatest mayor that Dagupan has ever had during those times.

His greatness stems primarily from his heroism as town mayor during the Japanese occupation, when he was able to save the lives of numerous important Pangasinanses who had been designated for liquidation.

He was also able to hear the voices and dreams of Dagupenos as town executive He established their beloved town as Pangasinan's capital during the war and approximately six months following liberation Between the years 1942 and 1945, Pangasinan's capital was Dagupan.

From 1934 to 1941, when the war broke out, Don Amado served as a municipal councilor for two terms.He was one of the elected members of the first municipal board when Dagupan was officially incorporated as a city.

He began his public career as a teacher and eventually became principal. In Mangatarem, Binmaley, and Dagupan, he was

the principal.

He helped establish the Dagupan Institute in 1925. Since then, he has maintained a close relationship with the school.

He was the son of Florentino Ayson and Silvestra Llamas and was born on September 13, 1892. He has been widowed twice and married twice, but he has never had a child.

Ruperto Zabala Tandoc

Municipal Mayor: 1945 City Councilor: 194S 1951

In 1945, President Sergio Osmena appointed Dean Ruperto Zabala Tandoc as municipal mayor of Dagupan for eight months. On the eve of Dagupan's inauguration as a city, he was one of eight winners in the November 10, 1947 polls. He was not seated on January 1,

1948, when Dagupan was properly inaugurated as a city, because he was a Nacionalista. He filed a quo warranto proceeding before the Supreme Court with Don Teofilo P. Guadiz, Dr. Policronio de Venecia, and Flaviano Mejia to be seated as city councilors. The petitioners were successful in their lawsuit. They were subsequently seated as city councilors As mayor, he initiated the widening and renovation of the Bacayao Sur feeder road, which links Tapuac and Malued He helped establish the Lulon Colleges and designed the Bonuan Golf Course He was a member of the city council and one of the sponsors of the resolution that Don Angel B. Fernandez's administration used to approve the building of the Perez market.

He was born on May 22, 1901, in Malued, the son of Anecito F. Tandoc and Lacia Zabala. Ruperto possesses a Bachelor of Science in Commerce, from the Jose Rizal College, and a Bachelor of Laws from the Philippine Law School.

From 1947 to 1957, he served as dean of the Dagupan College's (now University of Pangasinan) College of Commerce. He served as the Price Stabilization Corporation's (PRISCO) regional manager and later as the branch manager of the Pangasinan of the Philippine Virginia Tobacco Administration.

Married to the former Maxima Villacorta. Cesar, Minda, and Perla are the three children of the couple Perla teaches high school; Minda is currently a doctor; Cesar studied law and trade

Alipio Fernandez, Sr. Municipal Councilor: 19321941; 1945 (Four Terms) Mayor: June 20, 1946December 31, 1947 City Fiscal

On June 2, 1947, Dagupan became a city, and Don Alipio Fernandez, Sr. bears the unique distinction of being both the first and last mayor of the new city.

His term as municipal mayor ended on December 31, 1947, after being appointed in January 1946. On June 19, 1947, his tenure as municipal mayor came to an end. He was elected as Dagupan's first city mayor the following day But he had no idea that he was a city mayor at the moment He had always believed that he was still in charge of the former municipality of Dagupan This was due to a last minute decision made by the community's officials to officially open the new city on January 1, 1948. However, the Supreme Court decided that Dagupan became a city as of June 20, 1947, in response to a quo warranto petition brought by four elected city councilors who were not seated during the city's inauguration on January 1, 1948. On this date, Dagupan City's chanter, Republic Act 170,

became a law.

Don Alipio was an attorney by profession. From 1932 until 1941, he served as a municipal councilor four times before being elected mayor. During the Japanese occupation, he worked as Mayor Amado Ll. Ayson's Technical Assistant. In 1945, he was returned to the municipal board as a councilor.

As mayor of Dagupan, he then improved the career service of the municipal, and then the city administration, by employing only those individuals who were capable and met the requirements for civil service eligibility Alipio also built the fire department headquarters and courthouse.

He was chosen to be the city fiscal when Dagupan was established as a city. But he only remained in this position for three years. He left his position as a professor to pursue a legal career while continuing to teach in the law programs at our neighborhood colleges. He eventually joined the government again, this time working as a researcher at the

Court of Appeals. He later retired after being promoted to Legal Officer in the same court from there. The son of Alejandro Fernandez and Miguela Fernandez (they were relatives). Don Alipio is the father of Majority Floor Leader Alipio Fernandez, Jr. of the 1972 1975 municipal board of the city.

He was married to the former Fredesvinda Fernandez (likewise his relative), with whom he had 11 children: Lourdes, Corazon, Paz, Carmelo; Antonio; Alipio, Jr Fredesvinda, Asterio, Angela; Alejandro and Marian

Angel B. Fernandez

Municipal Mayor: 1938 1941; 1945 City Mayor: January 1, 1948 December 31, 1953

Congressman: 1958 1961; 1962 1965

Don Angel B. Fernandez was Don Antonio Llamas Fernandez and Capistrina Bernal's youngest and sixth child. From 1912 until 1915, his father, Don Antonio, served as the municipal president of Dagupan for four years. He is the first mayor of Dagupan to date to be chosen as a representative for the province's second congressional district.

He is a University of the Philippines law graduate who once worked as a newspaper reporter Prior to entering politics, he served as the municipal judge of Binmaley and published the "Nipaakar Ed Katunongan" column for the Silew Magazine.

While serving as mayor, he constructed the Gregorio del Pilar Elementary School in Bonuan Boquig and relocated the Dagupan City High School from the Klar and the expansion buildings on Jose Torres Bugallon avenue west to Tapuac on the quonset huts he bought from the Americans during the liberation.

He established the Perez Boulevard, which prepared the way for the city to grow toward Pogo. The Perez market was also built by him. To accommodate the city's expanding needs, he enlarged the roadways, and he graveled the main road lines to make them accessible in any weather. Additionally, he constructed the Bailey Bridge over the Tanao River. Married to the former Corazon Manaois Cabal, a pharmacist, he has three children: Oscar, Gil and Armando In the Solicitor General's Office, his son Oscar holds the position of Assistant Solicitor Gil, his second son, is a highly regarded surgeon who is currently associated with the Veteran Memorial Hospital. The youngest of the three, Armando, was chosen as the city's vice mayor between 1972 until 1975. Armando served as the Philippine Consul in Rome before entering politics. He conducted pilot projects for the Kilusang Kaunlaran Kapitbahay and completed in depth studies in grassroots cooperatives and

community development. All of these projects were a great success.

Teofilo P. Guadiz

Municipal Councilor: 19251941 (Six Terms) City Councilor: 1948-1953 (Two Terms)

Mayor: January 1, 1954 to September 12, 1957; June 16, 1958 to December 31, 1959 Director, PNR

Don Teofilo P. Guadiz served as Dagupan's city mayor twice. His first term lasted from January 1, 1954, to his resignation on September 12, 1957, to run for congress from the second district. In the 1957 congressional election, he ran against Don Angel B. Fernandez and lost. He was then reappointed as city mayor on June 16, 1953, and served in that

capacity until December 31, 1959.

He was a lawyer and had a successful practice. His legal office served as the training ground for several Dagupeno lawyers who went on to become fiscals, including Assistant City Fiscal Peregrino Cornel, Assistant Fiscal Miguel Caguioa, and City Assessor Brigido Ugaban. Don Teofilo was one of the founders of the Orient Colleges and served as a law professor there

As city mayor, he built the concrete Magsaysay Bridge along Perez Boulevard, expanded Rizal Street from Rivera Junction to the Iglesia ni Cristo compound in Pogo Chico, extended Galvan Street from Gomez Junction to Perez Boulevard, and cemented some of the city's key road lines. In 1958, he completed the two story Dagupan City High School structure. In 1968, a fire decimated this very same structure. He made space for a park by clearing out the unsightly bagoong market next to the Philippine National Bank. Which is now known as

Magsaysay Park. Additionally, he built artesian wells for various barrios and acquired some prefabricated army school buildings for the city's schools.

Dagupan was ranked as the second cleanest city in the Philippines during his tenure as mayor of the city. Don Antonio Ll. Fernandez constructed the old market in 1914, and Mayor Guadiz restored it in 1954 after it burned down in 1952 Behind the supermarket is the market building that Mayor Reyna constructed The restroom in the public market and the market booths along Galvan Street were both constructed by Don Teofilo

He is currently the Philippine National Railways' director. His two children rose to the position of Dagupan city councilor. Teofilo L. Guadiz Jr. a councilor for two terms, was the first (1960 1963 and 1968 1971). Teofilo Jr. was appointed as a judge for the Court of First Instance in Gapan, Nueva Ecija, following his second term as a city councilor. Conrado L. Guadiz is Don Teofilo's second son and a city councilor (1972 1975). He is a

businessman and an attorney. The other Guadiz children include: Fe, Elisa, Sergio, Nora, and Carlos.

Born in Dagupan on November 3, 1897, his parents were Herminigilda Guadiz of Laoac, Manaoag and Julia Peralta y Arzadon. Don Teofilo was

Gaudencio S. Siapno

City Councilor: 1955 1959 (Topnotcher)

2nd Term Councilor: 1963 1971

City Mayor: September 13, 1957 June 15, 1958

He performed best among the municipal councilors elected for the term of 1955 1959 on his first entry into politics. When the previous mayor, Teofilo Guadiz, resigned in 1957 to run for congressman, he was chosen city mayor of Dagupan on the basis of his top position as a city councilor for a nearly one year term from 1957 to 1958. He served a second term as city councilor from 1963 to 1967 As mayor, he spent his time working to restore schools and improve barrio roads

He was Agustin Siapno and Emiliana Sibayan’s lone child He had five children: Norma (AB graduate); Leticia (AB Foreign Service and MA Education); Gaudencio, Jr. (BSC Accounting); Adolfo (a businessman), and Vicky (Optometrist).

Liberato Ll. Reyna

Don Gaudencio Sibayan

Siapno, the son of a prominent Malued landowner and a commerce graduate of the Luzon Colleges. He was related to former Pangasinan second district congressman Isidoro Siapno.

City Councilor: 1948-1951

(Topnotcher)

2nd Term Councilor: 1952 1955

3rd Term Councilor: 1956 1959

City Mayor: January 1, 1960 December 31, 1963

2nd Term as Mayor: January 1, 1964 - December 31, 1967 3rd Term as Mayor: May 21, 1986 - December 1, 1987

public auditorium as it is seen now (apart from the two coffee shops) while he was mayor. During his administration, some of our key highways received concrete work. He initiated construction on the Tapuac municipal hall, built the water tank at the Perez market, and concreted the Tanap Bridge.

Liberato Ll. Reyna was Lope Reyna and Ruffina Llamas' sixth child. He practices law and is a lawyer and he was born on December 20, 1916. Before becoming the mayor, he was elected as a city councilor three times He served as Dagupan's first elected mayor He held the position of mayor for two terms

The Dagupan City Supermarket structure serves as a memorial to his presidency. He built it on a self liquidating basis and paid for it with a loan from the Philippines Development Bank. Civic organizations constructed the KKK monument and the city

During his presidency, President Diosdado Macapagal declared 72 hectares of public land in Bonuan to be a municipal park and playground In the barrios, he also built artesian wells

He was married to former pharmacist Celestina Calimlim Six children were born to the couple: Teresita, a doctor; Angel (BSC), a businessman; Jesus, a doctor; Liberato Jr., a lawyer; Ramon (BSC), a businessman; and Cernan, the manager of Reycal Livestock Farm's animal husbandry department. Reyna, a former mayor who now teaches law and raises animals, is involved in both industries. He was a founding member of the Luzon Colleges.

Cipriano M. Manaois

City

Mayor:

January 1, 1968 - May 20, 1986

The first Certified Public Accountant to be elected as Dagupan’s city mayor is Cipriano M Manaois He was the second kid born to Bonuan residents Teodoro Manaois and Leonica Melendez His father was a fisherman who eventually ran a kiosk selling bangus fries His birthday is July 4, 1922. Luis, Antonina Cirilo, Perfecta, and Paula were his sisters and brothers. He worked while still in elementary school to pay for his education as a self sufficient student. He began working as a messenger and then a printer in his uncle Angel Melendez's printing shop.

He finished his Commerce Degree Major in Accounting, from the University of the East and took the board of examination in 1962 and passed it. He also graduated law from the University of Negros Occidental. After completing his accounting focused Commerce degree at the University of the East, he sat the board exam in 1962 and passed. He obtained a law degree from the University of Negros Occidental as well

He passed the civil service tests for Second Grade, Agent Examiner (BIR), Supervisor, First Grade Regular, CPA, and Second Grade Regular Before he was chosen to serve as the municipal mayor in 1967, he worked as a Supervising Revenue Examiner.

He served as a civic leader and was elected Governor of Lions International, District 301C. He also represented the Philippine Lions at numerous international conferences held in the US, Japan, Thailand, and other countries.

He served as Vice Chairman on Constitutional Amendments for the City Mayors League of the

Philippines and was a Director of the Provincial Governors and City Mayors League of the Philippines. Entrepreneurially, he started C. M. Manaois Motors Corporation is a company that manufactures palay threshers, provides maintenance for corn and rice mills, and constructs various jeep and truck body types.

When he first took office as mayor, the city government owed a total of 1 3 million dollars During his first term, he updated that account, elevated the city's classification to first class, and increased its income to 2 6 million He constructed enough prefabricated school structures throughout the city to house high school students at West Central Elementary School when the Dagupan City High School Building in Tapuac was destroyed by fire in 1968.

He launched a concerted effort to replace the deteriorated artesian wells built by his forebears and build new ones in the barrios. Under his leadership, portions of the city's principal roadlines were

concreted, and work on the Calmay and Dawal bridges began.

Under his watch, the two exquisite coffee shops, as well as the flower garden in front of the post office and the lawn near the Magsaysay monument, were built, adding to the aesthetic appeal of the public plaza.

He set up an open market at Magsaysay Park as a temporary solution to the crowding inside the public market and the sidewalk vendors' occupation of the streets adjacent to the market Manaois was twice chosen as the "Outstanding Mayor of the Philippines" by the Presidential Assistant on Community Development.

He is wed to Fe Campos Cruz, a former physician from Sta. Barbara. In addition to being a resident physician at the Pangasinan General Hospital, Mrs. Manaois is also a member of the Philippine Obstetric and Gynecological Society, a fellow of the Philippine College of Surgeons, and a former president of the Philippine Medical Women's Society

chapter in the Pangasinan province.

The Manaoises have eight kids: Betha Fe (a UST medical student), Teodoro III, an AB graduate who is currently enrolled at San Beda as a law student, Marilyn (a BSC student at UE), Besilda and Mamerto (students at Brent School in Baguio), Medarlo, and Victor Ferdinand (students at Edna's Kindergarten and Grade School)

Rosalynda A. De Venecia

(City Mayor: December 2, 1987 - January 24, 1988)

Felipe C. Siapno

(City Mayor: January 25, 1998 February 2, 1988)

Alipio F. Fernandez, Jr.

City Mayor: July 1, 1992 June 30, 2001

2nd term as Mayor: July 1, 2007 June 30, 2010

Alipio F. Fernandez, as he was affectionately known by his constituents, earned a bachelor's degree in Liberal Arts from Don Bosco Technical College in 1976, a master's degree in public administration from Lyceum Northwestern University (LNU) in 2003, and a doctorate in humanities from LNU in 2004.

From September 2001 to December 2003, he was an undersecretary in the Department of Interior and Local Government He then served as chairman of the Bureau of Immigration's board of commissioners from 2004 until resigning in March 2007 to reclaim his old post as Dagupan City mayor and serve for another term and he was elected national president of JCI Senate Philippines in 1995.

He officially entered public life in 1971 as City Councilor of Dagupan when he was only 27 years old. He topped the polls and served as majority floor leader of the Dagupan City Council from 1972 to 1974. In the 1988 local elections under the Aquino Administration, he was

elected Vice Mayor of Dagupan City. Due to his outstanding record as a public servant, he was elected President of the Vice Mayors' League of the Philippines in 1991.

The Dagupenos recognized his excellent performance by electing him as Mayor in June 1992. His efforts in local governance did not go unnoticed, he became the President of the League of Cities of the Philippines (LCP) and Union of Local Authorities of the Philippines (ULAP)

He occupied the mayoralty post for three consecutive terms from 1992 to 2001 and after which, he was assigned as Undersecretary of the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG). In 2004, after his stint at the DILG, he was appointed by Pres. GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO as Commissioner of the Bureau of Immigration. He got back into the mayoralty post of Dagupan City for the fourth time in 2007 for his love of Dagupan City and the Dagupenos.

He awarded as Ulirang Ama

Awardee and Natatanging Bosconian Awardee.

The Asian Institute of Management Policy Center recognized Dagupan City as one of the most competitive cities in the country during the awarding of the Philippine Cities Competitiveness Park Project (PCCRP) 2007 on July 4, 2008 at the Intercontinental Hotel in Makati.

Dagupan City was ranked ninth (9th) out of forty five (45) small sized cities in the Philippines based on the following competitiveness drivers: business costs, dynamism of the local economic human resources and training, infrastructures, responsiveness of the local government to the needs of the business sector, and quality of life.

After the findings of the biennial survey were revealed during the "State of Competitiveness" presentation last September 25 at the City Museum, Dagupan now ranks among the Ivy League of Philippine cities in the Asian Institute of Management (AIM)

Policy Center's Philippine Cities Competitiveness Ranking Project. The project was completed in collaboration with the US Agency for International Development (USAID), the Asia Foundation, and the German Technical Cooperation (GTZ) and Baguio City's St. Louis University.

Benjamin S. Lim City Mayor: July 1, 2001 June 30, 2004 2nd term as Mayor: July 1, 2004 June 30, 2007 3rd term as Mayor: July 1, 2010 June 30, 2013

daughter, Victoria Czarinna Lim Acosta, and his son in law, John Benedict Acosta.

He attended Pangasinan Universal Institute and graduated from Adamson University in Manila with a degree in Industrial Engineering.

He had an entrepreneurial spirit from a young age, which led him to found the Magic Group of Companies, a retail and commercial real estate development company based in Dagupan City that now operates several malls, supermarkets, department stores, appliance and furniture stores, and fast food franchises

He was Mariano Lim and Victoria Saplan's first child. He was born on August 27, 1952, and has spent his entire life in Dagupan City His family includes his wife, Celia Chua Lim, his son, Marc Brian Lim, his

He also became very involved in various non governmental and civic organizations. He was a member of Rotary, various chambers of commerce, but most notably, he distinguished himself as a member of JCI Philippines (formerly the Jaycees), becoming its National President in 1990 and World Vice President in 1991.

He was a prime mover behind the Economic Reconstruction Group (ERG), which took on the

task of fully rehabilitating the city and persuading Dagupenos that their beloved city would rise again. Dagupan was back on its feet in less than four years, and for BSL, this experience reinforced his belief that all citizens must share responsibility for the well being of their city. BSL realized that, in addition to being a businessman, he could do more by serving in government

Marc Brian C. Lim

City Mayor: July 1, 2019 June 30, 2022

Vice Mayor: 2013 2019 Councilor: 2010 2013

votes while running under the Nacionalista Party.

He was born on December 26, 1978 (Age 40). His father was the former Mayor of Dagupan City, Benjamin S. Lim, and his mother was a Councilor, Celia Chua Lim. He graduated high school at St. Joseph High School and he took a course of Management and Marketing.

Marc Brian Lim, who was Vice Mayor of Dagupan City in 2018, is the new World President of Junior Chamber International (JCI) for 2018 During the JCI World Congress last November 6 12 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, the Pangasinan politician was elected World President.

Marc Brian Lim is a Filipino politician

He is currently the mayor of Dagupan, Pangasinan Province. In the May 13, 2019 election, he defeated incumbent mayor Belen Fernandez of the Lakas Party by a margin of 1,239

He was the sixth Filipino elected to the position of JCI World President. In addition, he is the first Dagupeno to be elected JCI World President. In a resolution, the Dagupan City Council praised Lim's election for bringing prestige and honor to the city.

Belen T. Fernandez

Councilor: 1995

City mayor: July 31, 2013 June 30, 2019

Present Mayor: 2022

Mayor Belen T. Fernandez, the first Lady Mayor made political history and the woman who broke the record in the city's previously male dominated politics. Fernandez, who was a city councilor before becoming vice mayor, is the president of the CSI Group of Companies, which operates a chain of malls in Pangasinan and neighboring provinces

Mayor Belen successfully navigated all of the political in and demolition jobs thrown at her and emerged as a big winner in the May 13 elections. Despite her achievements that catapulted her to power, she

won the hearts and trust of Dagupenos who were all clamoring for Pag asa (hope) and Pagbabago (change). Mayor Belen has remained humble and simple, which has endeared her to people everywhere.

The change in leadership signaled that better times are on the way for all Dagupeos, and that they will finally reap the benefits of good governance. Her political slogan, Pag asa at Pagbabago, instilled new confidence and optimism among Dagupenos, and it continues to serve as her workable strategy for charting the course of their future

As the first Lady Mayor, Mayor Belen is pioneering many firsts in her administration and has successfully implemented meaningful reforms that are all pro people. The city does not have an instant miracle or quick fix, but Mayor Belen has already accomplished numerous accomplishments and notable projects in a relatively short period of time.

Mayor Belen receives National Award for Effective Anti Drug

Campaign, Mayor Belen's anti illegal drug efforts focus on the youth, and this is pursued by regularly conducting seminars, sporting events, educational competitions, and other drug prevention activities to steer them away from the perils of illegal drugs. Mayor Belen was once barred from serving on the city drug abuse council, but she persevered and even used her own money to fund her anti illegal drugs campaign

Dagupan's Bangus

IMPACTOF BANGUSINTHE PEOPLEOF DAGUPAN

Bangus, also known as “milkfish,” has the scientific name “Chanos Chanos ” Milkfish are toothless and have small mouths They feed on algae, pellets, zooplankton, and detritus It is an adaptable, tough, and sturdy fish that can survive in confined spaces, so it is regularly bred on fish farms, which is why it is widely available all over the Philippines. Because of this, Bangus is considered as the country’s national fish in the said country. Fishing, as a significant productive activity of Dagupan City, led to the economic growth

of its citizens The Bangus industry has continued to advance over the years, eventually helping Dagupan City to rise to a robust economic boom.

Source: https://wwwthestarcommy/aseanplus/aseanplus news/2021/05/02/philippines dagupan city039s 039bangus039 milkfish industry thrives amid pandemic

A few years ago, Pangasinan constructed two bangus processing facilities in the province, one in Dagupan City and the other in San Fabian, a nearby hamlet. Indeed, the city government has put a lot of effort into growing this sector, and gradually, Dagupan’s bangus

city, are proud of. Due to the popularity of its principal product, which draws many visitors from abroad, Dagupan has gained widespread recognition. We serve our foreign visitors with bangus to let them feel the taste of warmth and embrace the culture of bangus that our ancestors instilled in us. As the bangus became popular among other countries, it contributed to significant events in Dagupan, such as: MandaragupanedAwaranyaBagnotan

gained recognition outside the province, throughout the entire Philippines, and even abroad. Because of this, the Philippines became one of the leading nations known for exporting milkfish, and Dagupan City ensures their fish are of the highest quality before export. As a result of this economic growth, in 1980, the city’s fishing industry boasted 174 motorized bancas that 650 fishermen were using In addition, there are nine registered deep sea fishing vessels that at least 100 fishermen are using Because of bangus, Dagupan City has established its own festival. From 2002 to the present, the Dagupeños celebrate the Bangus festival annually as a form of thanksgiving for having a bountiful harvest and recognizing the pride of Dagupan.

The bangus, the pride of Dagupan, is one of the distinguished products in the province of Pangasinan which Pangasinenses, especially the citizens of the aforementioned

Bancarera an exciting race of balotos, or locally dug out canoes Bancarera is similar to the dragon boat race of international fame, attracting many out or town rowers from as far as Manila. This competition is highly dependent on the synchronized rowing of the participants.

This event is held to emulate the joys of local fishermen as they reap theirbountiful harvest of silvery fish using their bare hands.

Gilon! Gilon! Ed Dalan: Street Dancing Competition offered in thanksgiving for the abundant blessing of a bangus harvest, or gilon, bestowed upon the fisherfolks.

Bangus Rodeo is a unique event held only in Dagupan. It showcases the exceptional skills of Dagupenos to speedily classify, debone and eat milkfish.

Bangus ed Karosa floats showcasing Dagupeno’s culture, heritage, and scenery with bangus taking center stage are paraded along the downtown area before awestruck spectators.

Kalutan Ed Dalan: World’s Longest Barbeque most breathtaking sight ever of spreading fire, over 1000 meter long bangus filled barbeque grill of A B Fernandez Avenue This event is a way of expressing

their gratitude to the city’s thriving aquaculture, particularly the bountiful harvest of bangus or milkfish.

WHATMAKES DAGUPAN'S BANGUSUNIQUE?

Since then, the culture of bangus in the province of Pangasinan, particularly Dagupan, has reached a high degree of industrialization. In the 1950s, Dagupan had 1,125 Dagupan'sBangus

fishponds, covering a total area of 1,162 hectares scattered on the city’s outskirts.

In the city, milkfish, also known as bangus, are raised in two different varieties. The Bonuan Bangus is the most popular kind because of its flavor. The Bonuan bangus can be distinguished from other types. It has a small head, a short tail, a short belly with an arched shape, and fine, shining white scales The high caliber of lab lab or benthic blue algae, diatoms, and planktons that are cultivated like a carpet in the city’s inland fishpond, is credited with giving Bangus Bonuan its delicious flavor. This natural gift is said to be exclusive to Dagupan.

The bangus stands out among the outstanding. Its mouth is small because the bangus were fed on the algae that grow in the bottom and start to float a few days later. In contrast, other bangus feed on either the bigger sized plankton or the fibrous and filamentous, threadlike green algae, which have to be macerated well by a

big mouth.

Next is its caudal fin, the tail. It has a shorter fin because the bangus grazes the bottom when it feeds on the fine algae, whereas those who feed on the filamentous material have to swim near the surface where the feeds float.

Moreover, not all bangus has the same scale finish. Credit that to the water in Bonuan ponds which changes faster than others because those are close to Lingayen Gulf the primary water source This constant water change also explains why bangus does not have an earthy salty taste Finally, the bangus has a rounded shape in the tummy, almost ovate when appreciated from the mouth to the caudal fin. The tummy is properly flat but firm and solidly textured. Its cultivation covers several stages: from the catching of the bangus to rearing, and later, to the fingerling stage and growing marketable fish for the table. Another element that contributes to the exceptional flavor of the fish is the water

fishponds are frequently flushed due to the continual tidal activity. This is the cause of the Bonuan bangus’ lack of “maablir” or earthy flavor. It’s yet another element contributing to the lablab’s expansion. The physical traits of the Bonuan bangus are another factor that sets it apartfrom its relatives. They feature a tiny mouth, a round head, a shorter lower fin, and an outwardly bulging, semi round, fat but firm belly Compared to other bangus, the scales are smaller, brighter, and finer But shoppers should exercise caution Some dishonest merchants purposefully removed the lower fin from their bangus to make them resemble the Bonuan. There has recently been a proposal in Dagupan City to allow tail tagging to identify Dagupan grown bangus. The weight of the fish is the Bonuan bangus’ primary identifying feature. Since the fish only consume lablab, the true Bonuan bangus offered on the market cannot weigh more than 250 grams. Due to this fact, Dagupan’s Dagupan'sBangus

bangus is more luscious than the other bangus coming from the different parts of the region. In line with this, Dagupan’s bangus eventually became popular in every part of the region. Internationally known for its rich and succulent taste, the bangus or milkfish could be prepared in many ways besides being grilled. MandaragupanedAwaranyaBagnotan

Grilled Bangus (Inihaw na Bangus) Inihaw na bangus is simply grilled milkfish, butwhat sets it apart is the stuffing inside that infuses a lot of flavor on the flesh of the fish Paksiw na Bangus also known as “milkfish stewed in vinegar,” is considered as the comfort food of other Filipinos Sinigang na Bangus Sinigang na bangus is a type of sour clear broth fish soup. Bistek na Bangus Bistek na bangus is a Filipino fish dish where the fish is fried and then served with a flavorful sauce made of soy sauce,

calamansi juice, and onions.

Fried Bangus Fried bangus or fried milkfish is a simple dish that is packed with flavors.

The second type of milkfish is raised only in fish pens and cages and has a large, arched belly and a long tail. It consumes prepared food.

lumulukso,” and some people dislike eating this form of bangus because they think it has a lot of tiny bones.

AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION OFBANGUS

Milkfish is often cultivated in shallow, large ponds that have been created by reclaiming mangrove swamps. About 11,300 hectares are covered by about 8,700 of these fish ponds. There are approximately 4,000 fingerlings per hectare, and since ponds are treated to encourage the establishment of lab lab, a complex of nutrient rich filamentous algae and phytoplankton, there is little need for further feeding. Fish require three months to reach market size, and a nine month growing season often includes two or three crop cycles.

Progressive pond owners began modifying their large ponds by deepening and aerating them in the middle of the 1980s More than 25,000 fingerling milkfish are cultivated per hectare in these semi

intensive ponds and need additional feeding. It was estimated that the estuary’s milkfish pond production was 12,000 metric tons in 1992. Several pond owners have diversified their crop production by raising shrimp in monoculture with crop rotation or in polyculture with milkfish.

Aquaculture production included a wide range of species and technological diversity until the early 1990s Most of the province’s aquaculture activities were local, and community pressure helped these enterprises flourish to some extent Many people first used waterways without any controversy. For instance, fixed nets set up to catch migrating fish and crustaceans were frequently positioned close to the culture of oysters, milkfish, and groupers. This polyculture method of aquaculture management increased the estuary’s productivity. Some fishermen benefited from using polyculture techniques; one example is fishermen who had oyster farming plots and also

used fish aggregation or small reef like spat collectors.

reported, and recommendations to prevent them in the future are made based on the aquaculture industry’s carrying capacity.

REGULATION OFFISHPENS

The milkfish net pen culture was the form of aquaculture that had significant growth in Dagupan City The milkfish industry expanded quickly as a result of the production’s success The industry’s explosive growth had an impact on theenvironment Producers that used the more reliable polyculture methods suffered financial losses as a result of the unregulated establishment of Deteriorated water quality eventually started to have an impact on milkfish pen operators. Beginning in 1996, in the fish pens in the village of Binmaley, over intensification of finfish aquaculture caused hyper eutrophication and fish kills. The official government response to the fish kills is

In 2001, the installation of fish pens led to a 20 percent increase in bangus production Fishpens continued to be built although then President Fidel Ramos issued Executive Order 450 sometime in 1996 ordering their removal from Pangasinan's rivers, notably in the towns where bangus is produced. However, roughly 30% of more than 800 fish pens built here along the rivers were damaged by Typhoon "Feria" in 2005. According to reports, the typhoon in Dagupan City alone destroyed bangus worth approximately P22 million in fishponds and another P16 million in fish pens.

To prevent the reconstruction of the fish pens that the typhoon destroyed, the former mayor Lim issued a memorandum to the city's agriculturalist, the head of the Philippine Marine Police, the

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city's police chief, and the head of the fisheries council. He held a multi sector planning meeting to discuss how to protect our rivers from pollution brought on by the construction of these fish pens.

The long overdue Dagupan City Fisheries Code was finally approved by the city council sometime in April 2001, although Lim noted that it is still necessary to review it for possible adjustments because some sites among the restricted river portions still need to be included He stated that the city government does not get any tax from fish pen operators He claimed that instead of the 2,500 bangus produced per hectare, fish pen operators might harvest up to 10,000 pieces per hectare by using feed.

As well as the bottom soil of the rivers must be cleaned to prevent pollution because feed residues are always left behind at the bottom of the river after harvest. This calls for consultation with advanced nations. Lim added that he would also like to speak with the

feed maker to see if they can create feeds without polluting rivers.

WINNINGEXPORT

BANGUSASTHE MAINPRODUCT OFDAGUPAN

The Ilocos region is the major producer of the national fish, and bangus is the “ one town, one product” of that region, though it is primarily produced in Pangasinan. Because of the high quality of the city’s water, Dagupan’s milkfish is promoted as the

“greatest tasting bangus in the world.” Dagupan is known as the “World’s Bangus Capital” because of its pond raised bangus (milkfish), which are allegedly the tastiest and juiciest in the entire world. Dagupan, a city, situated along the Lingayen Gulf in the province of Pangasinan’s northern coastline, is home to some of the region’s best bangus The best bangus available are from Dagupan, particularly from Bonuan Although some municipalities in the province, including Bolinao, Bani, Alaminos City, and Sual, also produce milkfish, Dagupan’s milkfish continue to be unrivaled.

One can tell if a milkfish is from Dagupan when the lower fin is smaller than the top fin. Second, the lips and skull are both tiny and rounded. Third, a round belly. Only purchase items with tags indicating that they are from Dagupan. A few sellers, however, try to dupe customers by labeling their goods as being from Dagupan and attaching tags. Milkfish

without tags are available only in Dagupan City. The combination of fresh and saltwater in the river gives the bangus in this city a distinctively delightful flavor. Dagupan City is indeed fortunate to have a body of water like this.

Bangus Festival

WHATIS THEBANGUS FESTIVAL?

The Bangus Festival, which takes place in Dagupan City, Pangasinan, honors the city's booming aquaculture, particularly the bountiful harvests of bangus, or milkfish, which is thought to be the tastiest milkfish in the world. The ever popular bangusine (bangus cuisine), which is its main feature, is served at the festival Aside from that, this nonreligious festival's other attractions include the street party, trade fairs, sports events, electrifying festival dance in the streets, and other activities

The Association of Tourism Officers of the Philippines and

the Department of Tourism have recognized the Bangus Festival as one of the three best festivals celebrated in the Philippines. It is known as an annual event that is held to promote Dagupan City’s milkfish aquaculture industry.

WHEN AND WHERE IS THE BANGUS FESTIVAL CELEBRATED?

There is just one area in the country known for having the best bangus, and that is Dagupan, thus many Filipinos

would already know the answer if you asked them where the Bangus Festival is held. The Bangus Festival originated and is celebrated annually in Dagupan City in Pangasinan, which is known as the Bangus Capital of the Philippines. There is no specific day on which it is held, but it is a 10 day celebration that takes place every April. It is one of the most thrilling festivals in the Philippines, which is marked by the grilling of bangus in the streets for a little more than two weeks in the month of April and the first few days of May

ultimately the symbolic lighting of the grills signaled the return of the Bangus Festival. The local authorities encouraged the Thanksgiving celebration and even brought the event back to its original location. The Kalutan ed Dalan street festival, where more than 4,500 kilograms of bangus (milkfish) were grilled throughout the streets of the central business district, was the event's high point

ITS HISTORY

In 2022, the Guinness Book of World Records marker and festival logo were unveiled prior to the start of the Bangus Festival. Then the recognizable beat of the drums to the tune of Gilon La (harvest time), the vibrant dancers' costumes, and

The Bangus Festival's history can be traced back to 2002, when it was first held The idea behind this kind of event originated with the former mayor, Benjamin Saplan Lim, who wanted to highlight the local bangus industry in order to boost the city’s sales and production of milkfish, Dagupan’s most valuable gem, and establish the city as the world's bangus capital. Although the festival was originally a part of the thanksgiving celebration called Pista'y Dayat, it has grown

into a two week socioeconomic program of events that showcases the best local products. Since that time, Dagupan has held an annual celebration of this festival in the month of April. In fact, numerous media outlets from the Philippines and throughout the world are covering this yearly event in Dagupan because it is such a big occasion. Currently, the festival is regarded as a highly esteemed occasion and the best marketing tool for the world's best milkfish

In May 3 of 2003, the people of Dagupan city formed the longest bangus barbecue during the holding of the Kalutan ed Dalan, where 10,000 pieces of bangus were grilled on the lined up barbecue grills measuring 1,007.56 meters long. Numerous cooks competed in this event where their dishes are evaluated not only based on their grilling skills but also on their taste and presentation. This competition was officially named "101 Ways to Cook Bangus.”

In the same year, the Kalutan

ed Dalan event was recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the Longest Barbecue of the World, breaking the long standing world record set by Peru in November of 1999 at 613 meters. Although the triumph was fleeting, Dagupan city reclaimed the same world record in 2005 for grilling more than 8000 kg of milkfish across a distance of 2.006 kilometers.

DESCRIPTION OFBANGUS FESTIVAL

The bangus festival is named for the milkfish, also known as bangus, which is a famous product of Dagupan City. The Bangus Festival has no particular meaning because it is already in the Filipino language, unlike

Source: https://wwwgooglecom/whatsupdagupan

other celebrations in the Philippines that use various dialects. However, one true purpose of the Bangus Festival is to celebrate the local pride, the bangus, and to give thanks for a bountiful harvest.

THE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES AND ACTIVITIES IN BANGUS FESTIVAL

Like any other festivities in the Philippines, the Bangus Festival offers residents, visitors, and tourists a variety of entertaining and thrilling activities to experience. With the grandest street parties, fairs, and fun, over 500,000 visitors, guests, and Dagupenos came to promote the glory, potential, and promise of the world's renowned and delicious

Dagupan bangus. The proud people of Dagupan mounted a series of events and programs to give toast to Luzon's biggest summer spectacle and truly honor Dagupan's bangus as one of nature's greatest bounties in this part of the country. Food is the main focus of the Bangus Festival. The festival is organized differently each year, with more cooking contests and food fairs Bangus is prepared differently throughout the Philippines, and during this event, people can enjoy it with the best flavors Bazaars, markets, and food courts are available to contribute to the fun and excitement. Several local and Manila based bands perform in public concerts as part of the festival, which is held on a vast platform. The Bangus Festival also features a parade of street dancers who dress in vibrant, eye catching costumes to represent the abundant harvest of bangus. The locals also dress in traditional, colorful regalia that corresponds to the festival's theme. Before enjoying the juicy

and delicious flavors of the bangus dishes, a group of chefs also display the roughly 101 different ways there are to cook bangus. Additionally, you may observe how the residents of Dagupan quickly debone and consume bangus. During the celebration, the biggest, longest, heaviest, and most exquisite bangus are also exhibited. Aside from those that were mentioned, the festivity showcases variety shows, trade fairs, beauty pageants, sports events, medical missions, visual arts, dog shows, fluvial parades, and drum and lyre parades

In order to provide residents and visitors with the unique and unforgettable experience of food, flavors, and entertainment, former Mayor Alipio Fernandez Jr. and Vice Mayor Belen Fernandez created six major event categories.

The Street Dancing Category

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Young people portray the honor and glory of the bangus harvest through street dancing This is known as Gilon! Gilon! Ed Baley in which schools and barangays compete for top honors. The top winner will receive the recognition to represent the city in the first ever Festival of the North Street Dancing Competition, which gathers the best street dancing champions in the largest jamboree of colors, rhythm, and fun of local festivals in Ilocandia.

Business Category

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With the first ever Great Dagupan Sale, which sparked an explosion of promenades for both shoppers and hoarders all over the city with the widest range of goods, food, and other merchandise, Dagupan confirmed its status as the leading urban economy in the region. The biggest and longest sale of the year saw shops bring out their products, sprucing up the central business district

Street Party Category

Bangus Industry Category

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The Bangus Foodstrip in Galvan brought Dagupan's nightlife back to the streets, with vendors selling a wide variety of delicious street food and live music playing nightly. People of all ages were thrilled by the scorching performances of the country's greatest and best musicians at the 2008 Dagupan Bangusfest Street party and the Araw ng mga Bata, Bangusan.

Dagupan was founded as a natural trading station thanks in large part to the city's river systems, which were given center stage in 2008 by the Agew na Ilog. The lowly fisherfolk of the city also returned to the Bangus Rodeo, where they displayed their talents in harvesting, categorizing, deboning, and bidding on the largest milkfish on display

Restaurants, hotels, and even educational institutions in Dagupan have participated in the Bangus Cookfest by creating some of the most delectable dishes imaginable using the delicious bangus. This Bangus Cookfest is also known as the 101 Ways to Cook Bangus. In this cooking competition, seasoned cooks and chefs display their

Source:https://wwwsenyoritanet/2014/05/bangus festival 2014 bangusine international cookfest/

culinary skills by preparing bangus in the most inventive and mouth watering manner.

The Kalutan ed Dalan is another important feature of the occasion under this category. It is characterized by thousands of bangus cooked on a lengthy line of grills on the streets.

Sports Category

Bowling, badminton, cycling, billiards, and taekwondo were just a few of the many sports that featured excellent events that thrilled fans over the course of the Bangus Festival's 19 day run and displayed the raw ability, passion, and zeal of the top athletes from across the country.

Visual Art Category

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As part of the festivities, students, professionals, and genuine artists from outside of Bangus country participated in the inaugural Dagupan Summer Arts Festival, which featured visual arts. Various forms of artistic expression, including clay pots, t shirt designs, and photography, were showcased to celebrate the glory of the Dagupan Bangus, the city's most abundant harvest

THEESSENCE OFBANGUS FESTIVAL

The Dagupan Bangus Festival is widely regarded as one of the most thrilling celebrations held in the Philippines. The goal of the event was to promote the bangus industry in order to

improve sales and production of the local milkfish. At this point in time, the festival has earned a reputation for being an event of international renown and the most effective advertisement for the most delectable milkfish in the world.

THEIMPORTANCE OFBANGUS FESTIVAL

In a lot of ways, the festival was instrumental in paving the way for other municipalities and localities in the province of Pangasinan to begin their own festivals The Bangus festival has had a number of positive effects, one of which is that it has helped to establish the city as the global hub for the Bangus business.

Since 2002, the concept has been successfully implemented with assistance from the city administration, various civic and religious organizations, the barangay council, educational institutions, and, most importantly, businesspeople and other professional groups. Since

that time, it has evolved into an intercommunal celebration, during which residents of towns located further inland in Pangasinan travel to the coast to watch various water based sports and events.

The culture of the Philippines in its entirety is really interesting. The Bangus festival is just a little slice of their rich cultural heritage. In addition, the festival showcases the indigenous products of the Philippines, which makes it the ideal opportunity to experience the culture of the Philippines directly The presence of trade and tourism exhibitions lends an additional layer of appeal to the event. The overall event is made more fascinating by the food and garden fairs that are held there.

The Bangus festival has been successful in attracting

attendees from all over the world thanks in large part to trade and tourism events and conferences. People from all around the world have begun to appreciate the festival, and theylook forward to it doing the same thing each year. The Limgas and Dayat beauty and brain search, kite flying events, art displays, shooting festival, boat painting, and sculpting competitions all contribute to the event's overall lively atmosphere

WHATMAKESIT SIGNIFICANT?

The bangus that are grilled during the Dagupan City Bangus Festival street party are the main attraction It is widely agreed that the Bangus Festival ranks among the Philippines' top celebrations Visitors to the Bangus festival can enjoy a variety of street entertainment in between bites of fresh fish. Numerous dance bands perform for the crowd and encourage audience participation so that visitors can fully immerse

themselves in the local culture. Typically, the dancers will dress in brightly colored traditional garb. People's familiarity with Pangasinenses’ art, music, and dance has been enriched as a result of the celebration. That's because, as the governor puts it, it's all about reviving the arts and sports culture and helping to foster the growth of sporting events

The successful attempt of Dagupan City to enter the renowned and highly sought after Guinness World Record with its "Kalutan dan Dagupan" as the world's longest BBQ in May 2003 exemplifies the tenacious spirit of unity of Dagupeños under the leadership of a dynamic and resolute city mayor. This same mentality enabled Dagupeños to overcome and recover in record time from the sad effects of the catastrophic 1990 earthquake.

Undoubtedly, the most recent accomplishment, which saw numerous organizations and individuals collaborate

magnificently with the city government investing themselves, their time, their talents, their resources, and their concerns to shatter the previous record held by Peru since 1999, exemplifies the wonderful results that can be achieved when people unite and work together for a worthy cause.

gain as tourism, commerce, industry, and agriculture flourish.

Being the new holder of the record for "Longest Barbecue Grill" in the Guinness Book of World Records is a source of great pride for all Dagupeños, as it opens the door to other prospects It connects Dagupan City to the rest of the globe, creating business prospects In addition, it would result in an increase in the number of tourists visiting the area and create more revenue for the city. As a result, the city and its inhabitants will undoubtedly

Historical Places

St. John Cathedral Church

The first church of Dagupan, like most of the early churches in the islands, was a humble structure of light materials, mainly nipa and bamboo. This gave way to a more imposing structure sometime in the early 17th century.

In 1660, during the uprising of Andres Malong, the rebels demolished Dagupan after it refused to join the rebellion. Even the finest church that was run by the Dominicans, was not spared

As stated by Fr Valentine Martin y Morales, a Dominican chronicler, another stone church was built on the same spot in 1816 In spite of that, an old stone edifice is mentioned in an earlier description by Fr Manuel Mora, who visited Dagupan in 1804. Nonetheless, Dr. Pablo Fernandez, O.P. (1958) believes that the 19th century edifice must have been built on the frame of a 17th century building destroyed during the rebellion. The finding of ashes and charred timber during an excavation at the church site in 1995 bolstered the hypothesis.

In the latter part of the 19th century, the church was made of bricks and roofed with nipa shingles, similar to the convent and the school in the plaza.

It had three naves and a reasonably big interior with columns. Its walls were low, and the tower that stood on the right of the facade was small. The facade faced east, in front of the original plaza, which was eventually turned into rice fields. The plaza was wider than it was long, and it was flanked by stone homes.

Another plaza, north of the church and on the Toboy River's bank, had the original casa tribunal and market Nearby were rows of stone residences However, the church collapsed when it experienced the great earthquake in 1892, and was later then replaced with another structure by Fr. Vicente Iztegui in 1895.

Fr. Vicente Iztegui refused to leave Dagupan for a safer place during the 1898 revolution. Spanish soldiers as well as civilians and religious authorities of Dagupan, Lingayen, and Binmaley held out in the church as Filipino soldiers laid siege. The belltower was soon

Train

In 1892, the Dagupan Railway Station started operating. It was inducted by King Alfonso XII of Spain. The creation of a railway system in Luzon was formerly known as the Ferrocarril de Manila Dagupan before changing its name to the Manila Railway Company, which is now known as the Philippine National Railways

reconstructed intermittently from 1903 to 1914.

The whole Manila Dagupan Line is said to be 195 kilometers long. The station functioned as the terminal for the Philippine National Railways' Manila Dagupan route. The railway line's purpose was to connect provinces in Central Luzon, notably from Manila to Dagupan, in order to build and connect commercial locations and steer connected regions towards a progressive economy It resulted in the effective delivery and movement of not only goods and people, but also knowledge to the north via the Philippines' reliable and rapid (8 hour) means of transit during the last decade of the nineteenth century.

The central concept for the train line's development was suggested as a method of utilizing the untapped wealth of the virgin islands of Luzon, which had been blessed with

nature's bounties but had been only mildly disturbed by commerce and economic activity, even during the galleon trade.

Thus, King Alfonso XII of Spain made a royal decree that required the Philippine Islands’ Inspector of Public Works to submit a detailed design for the construction of a railroad line on the island of Luzon on June 25, 1875 On June 1, 1887, Don Edmundo Sykes of the Ferrocarril de Manila Dagupan of London, was given a concession for the building of a railway line from Manila to Dagupan, Pangasinan

On July 31, 1887, the project's cornerstone was set at the current location of the Philippine National Railways' main terminal building in Tutuban, Manila. Thereafter, line development continued, and by 1940, the railway had been extended as far south as Legazpi, Albay, and as far north as San Fernando, La Union. From Paniqui, Tarlac to San Quintin, Pangasinan; from Tarlac, Tarlac to San Jose, Nueva Ecija; from Bigaa, Bulacan to

Cabanatuan City; from San Fernando, Pampanga to Carmen, Pangasinan; and from College to Sta. Cruz, Laguna, and Sta. Mandaluyong Mesa to Hulo.

By virtue of Republic Act No. 4156, the Manila Railroad became the Philippine National Railways (PNR) on June 20, 1946. The PNR is a subordinate agency of the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC).

At the time of Filipino Revolutions, crossfires and civilians evacuated often affected railway traffic and it continued during the Filipino American War and the Second World War when the Japanese Imperial Army took control of the railway system.

During the Spanish Colonial Period, the Locomotive Engine No. 17 was regarded to be the safest form of transportation. Locomotive Engine No. 17 was the same train utilized by Dr. Jose Rizal during his trips to Leonor Rivera in Dagupan City, according to local Dagupeos.

However, the Philippine National Railways ceased operations and abandoned the

Manila Dagupan route in 1988. The Philippine National Railways was forced to halt operations owing to natural disasters and Second World War damage. The abandoned railway station has been destroyed and has become a local waste dump.

Bonuan Beach

During the first week of January 1945, the American liberation army was at the Lingayen Gulf. The Americans bombarded the central coastal towns with cannon shells for their warships for several days, as their aim was to clear the area of Japanese troops before they could land.

Ruins of Century Old Dagupan Railway Station

Because of this shelling operation, Dagupan suffered heavy damage, wherein among the most precious buildings destroyed was the original elementary school on the bank of the river in what is now Magsaysay Park.

After the area was cleared of Japanese, the American advance troop consisting of the Sixth Army under the command of General Walter Krueger landed simultaneously over a wide area extending from Lingayen, Binmaley, Dagupan; up to San Fabian

MacArthur Lands in Bonuan

After they made sure that the area was cleared, the American advance troops under the command of General Walter Krueger landed at 9:00 o ’clock in the morning of January 9, 1945. They mounted an anti air craft on a hill near the old cemetery in Bonuan, in the vicinity of what they call the Dagupan Golf Club links.

As soon as they settled in the beach area, the people of Bonuan started befriending

them. The coconut grooves along the Bonuan beach reminded them of New Guinea, and they were astonished by the familiarity of the location. Because of this resemblance, the Americans assumed that the residents of the area were comparable to those of New Guinea.

It was two to three days later when MacArthur actually landed in Bonuan The American advance troops were all looking towards that sea with anticipation, their eyes focused towards a group of soldiers wading towards the shore There, they saw General MacArthur wading the shore, with his figure striking with his cap, ray ban, and corn cob pipe.

MacArthur in Dagupan

As soon as General MacArthur landed in Bonuan, he proceeded to the town. He appropriated the Home Economics building of the West Central School as his headquarters Thereafter, the Philippines Civil Affairs Unit (PCAU) started to organize the civil government of the province.

Dagupan continued to be the capital town of Pangasinan until June, 1945.

As a formality, Filipino officials who held government posts during the Japanese occupation were arrested and held accountable for their actions during the war. Among numerous Pangasinan leaders arrested were Secretary Blas F. Rayos, and Mayor Amado Ll. Ayson However, Mayor Ayson cleared his name quickly and continued to serve as a Mayor under PCAU It took some time for Secretary Blas F Rayos to be cleared He was brought to Muntinglupa One of those who worked for his clearance was the famous guerilla leader, Ferdinand E. Marcos.

The Franklin Bridge

Franklin Bridge was considered as the lifeline connecting the island barrios to the heart of Dagupan and “the gateway to the west” along the meandering Agno, “part of the 12 kilometers Golden Road” linking Dagupan to the Western towns of Pangasinan.

The concrete and steel Franklin Bridge, built by Americans in the 1920s during the Commonwealth period, crossed the vast and deep Calmay River. It was an engineering wonder, with a steel drawbridge in the center that opened to allow towering yachts to pass. The Dominicans' famed Colegio de San Alberto Magno, located on the Calmay riverbed, was a crown jewel among the impoverished slum environs. For many decades, this roadway was regarded as the greatest in Pangasinan since its surface was arched and fortified to endure severe rains. It was built on a solid foundation of rock mined from San Isidro, Labrador.

Nature, however, wreaked havoc on the picturesque setting. The riverside was consumed by a severe flood in 1935, swallowing the brick and mortar colegio and washing away the bridge. When it receded, just a portion of the Franklin bridge remained on the "baley" side. While the Colegio's ruins were prostrated in "babaliwan."

After three decades, another devastating flood struck Dagupan in 1972 The raging river current cut again the Calmay riverside and submerged the final remnants of the Colegio for good Fortunately, the opposite side of the Franklin Bridge was spared from nature's vengeance.

However, in the early years of the year 2000, man almost wiped it off. Because it was in the course of the Pantal Dawel Lucao diversion road/De Venecia Highway, it was threatened. It was only spared from destruction because of the intervention of local officials.

Dagupan Literature

ORALAND

WRITTEN

Dagupan City has both oral and written forms of literature, as do all other groups The residents of the aforementioned city, the Dagupeños, have a rich verbal legacy that includes proverbs, folktales, songs, and invocations from ancient religious rituals. However, these bodies of literature are gradually diminishing over time.

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WRITTENLITEARURE

From the Spanish era to the commencement of the Pacific War in 1941, most of the Dagupan’s written material produced by their local authors has been lost. While it is still possible to gather and preserve

some of these writings the majority of which are on the property of various individuals, the local schools and colleges should assist in the collection and preservation of these works There are certain manuscripts produced by the city’s phenomenal authors, in the form of plays, tragedies, and poems, that are being held as private collections, wherein the majority of these works have never before been published. Juan Saingan, a known local author in Dagupan, possesses a collection that consists of his 1920s era dramas. Fortunately, the scholars and younger generation of Dagupenos could still have access to these works as Saingan gave the original copies of his works to the National Library. In

response, the National Library provided him with boundphotocopies of his writings

LOST TREASURE

Don Juan Villamil was the first elected municipal president of Dagupan, and his writings are regarded as a forgotten treasure Don Juan served as the city's first editor and publisher throughout the first decade of the American government Unfortunately, all of his produced dramas have since been lost. The sole work of Don Juan that has survived is his translation of Rizal's Mi Ultimo Adios which is on display at Luneta Park and has been inscribed in bronze.

Dona Corea Bernal Villamil was another competent dramatist. She wrote in Spanish, and it was said that "El Debre Anti Todo" (Duty First Before Everything) is her most acclaimed work. During the 1919 opening of the provincial capital of Pangasinan in Lingayen, this was translated and displayed in the local tongue of the region

which is Pangasinan or Pangasinense. Moreover, Dr Ricardo B Villamil and General Miguel R. Acosta should also be recognized. They both won first place in a national English language short story writing competition. In 1929, the first prize in English short story writing was awarded to Dr Villamil, Dona Corea Bernal son, where "Her Christmas Gift" was his winning entry's title. It was also said that he composed poems in Spanish while attending San Alberto Magno College.

THE TUNONG

GEN. ACOSTA

General Acosta was a bilingual author who rose to fame during the underground resistance under Japanese rule. He

published works in both the English language and Pangasinan. In 1930, he won first place in a national short story writing competition with a winning entry titled "Caridad." Acosta's writings have survived in the form of a few intriguing manuscripts of the Tunong. The Tunong was a regional newspaper that was printed in Dagupan between 1924 and 1935. Don Pablo Mejia was responsible for the editing whereas Don Jose Bernal Fernandez served as the company ' s general manager It was said that Tunong possessed competence in literature, which then motivated Don Pablo Mejia, the greatest writer in the Pangasinan dialect, to pursue his literary brilliance.

Additional sources indicate that Don Pablo Mejia's original seven plays are still in print. They are in the care of one of his daughters, Susana Mejia. Don Pablo's "Bilay Tan Kalkalar Nen Rizal'' was one of his masterpieces. The author utilized an epic approach when writing this as it was a biography of the national hero, Jose Rizal. It

composed in metrical poetry in the ancient Pangasinan manner with the intent to be sung, similar to the metrical romances of the Spanish period.

Don Pablo also authored a brief history of Pangasinan written in the local language, a grammar book of the native language, and a Pangasinan dictionary. Furthermore, two notable authors, Serapio Doria Fernandez, a novelist, and Nena Acosta Batacan, a poet and dramatist, were routinely published in Tunong Tunong praised the novel Incantada by Doria Fernandez It has been printed as a book. Say Aroyman Tan Bilay was another novel written in verse and serialized in the same news magazine by Doria Fernandez.

THE SILEW

After the Tunong newspaper ceased publication, Miss Maria C. Magsano founded the Silew magazine. Similar to Tunong, this local newspaper was literature focused.

Dr. Cornelio Nevado Laurel, who died in Japan shortly after completing his medical school, was the inspiration for this work.

The pages of The Courier continue to carry Silew's soul. The literary section of the Silew Courier is named silew and it frequently serializes short stories and novels.

MISS MARIA MAGSANO

For the advantage of literature students, the whole collection of Silew magazine issues has been gathered into multiple volumes where the files belonged to the late Miss Magsano. It was said that several outstanding vernacular writers contributed to Silew, but Miss Magsano shone out which madeSilew serialized her works prior to releasing them, and were subsequently printed as books Samban Agnabenegan, a charming love story centered on a young doctor's medical practice, is believed to be one of her finest works. It is said that Miss

The pages of The Courier continue to carry Silew's soul. The literary section of the Silew Courier is named silew and it frequently serializes short stories and novels

ALEJANDRO G. VENTEREZ

Alejandro G. Venteres was a physician with a strong musical and literary background. He adapted Rizal's song Leonor for the piano and translated Rizal's Noli Me Tangere into Pangasinan. In addition, he translated the

song ' s lyrics from Spanish to Pangasinan. His translation of the Noli was featured in Silew magazine before being published in the Courier.

THE SINAG

The Sinag is Ermin Garcia's Pioneer Herald's idiomatic literary supplement. This was the nation's first newspaper to be to be released following the Japanese occupation. Sinag published poetry, short stories, and novels in serial form. One was Perfecto Escritor's Inkabitween. It was released serially across a number of issues. Aron Inmolin Binmilay by Marceline de Vera Fernandez was another. It was also released as a serial. It is believed that Farnacio Crosrios, who used the name Makapatktakut a Criz, was actually Francisco Rosario of Manaog using a pen name

CONTEMPORARY WRITERS

There are two major contemporary writers in Dagupan; Juan C. Villamil, a vernacular novelist, and

Armando R Ravanzo, a short story writer in English. Villamil’s novels are being serialized in the Silew supplement of the Courier. Aside from his novels, he has also written no less than 100 short stories in the vernacular. A list of Villamil’s novels includes Ampait Ya Pagbabawi; Imis Na Kapalaran;. Duka Ya Mayaman; Sika Tan Siak; Pakseb na Kapalaran; Dangan na Reyna; Diad Basbas na Bilay; Sika tan Sika Labat; Nginew ed Biskeg; No Antak Labat; Laman tan Dala; Tawag na Kapalaran; and Panibeg tan Irap na Linawa.

DR. RICARDO VILLAMIL

Ravanzo’s short stories appear now and then on the pages of the Graphic magazine and the Philippines Free Press,

the two most prestigious magazines in the country. Most of Ravanzo’s writings are of local color; they depict various aspects of life in Dagupan. . So far, he has published Presentiment;Serafin; Nikita; Looking Back; Sunday Morning; Quality of Gladness; Foretates of Summer; Last Letter;Gladness; Sexchgesimo Madried; Kaleidoscope; The Place, The Hour After Mid night; Night Train; and Of Mother, Her Lover and Me Special mention to Meng C Magno, a young Dagupan poet He writes poetry in Tagalog and English His poems have been published in national magazines.

THE SATIRIS

recall. This was written in the midst of Dagupan's three week tremor in the middle of June 1962. We are all aware that over three week tremor in the middle of June 1962. We are all aware that over three weeks, a strong earthquake rocked Dagupan. The tower of the Roman Catholic Church fell. The epicenter of the shocks was discovered to be in Calmay. After the tremors, there was a rumor that a tidal wave would follow Panic gripped the people of Salapingao, Suit, Calmay, and Carael Many people fled up to Tarlac In spite of this, Ermin continued to write his piece Ermin, a martyr for freedom, passed away. He was assassinated for his exposure to anomalies in the postal service. Ermin Garcia, who passed away, was a distinguished writer. He was a satirist with a razor sharp writing style. Under the pseudonym Carl O. Cohan, he contributed columns to the Sunday Punch that were English literary masterpieces. An essay he wrote titled "Dagupan: Still the Best on Earth" is among his works that people most often

LOVE LETTERS

In 1971, a pamphlet entitled "Than Whom There Will Be None Other" sparked controversy among Dagupan's youth Excerpts from Regino R Ravanzo Jr ' s love letters were included in the brochure. These passages stand alone as literary masterpieces. They have suddenly gained prominence in Dagupan literature. Here are several examples: Why do I love you? Why do I find myself incapable of loving another girl the way I love you? What is there about you that keeps me afflicted with such love for you that I hardly ever know how to bear it? Certainly, it is not the visible things about you because other girls have these same things about them too, and probably even more but I could not bring myself to love them within a fraction of my love for you Why do I even love you? I love you because you are you I love you because you are not another girl, but you

Yes, I love your eyes too, and your mouth, and your hands, and your hair too and especially your lips. I love the silent agony of shyness in your smiles ad the little silly fears in your eyes each time I look at you and the little disastrous blushes that burn your cheeks the color of the sunset each time I talk to you about small things that I the end always find their way to the subject of my love, I love even your pout and your dagger looks and your hurting words that are doubtless intended to topple towers in my heart when you pretend anger at me, because everything about you, anything about you, everything, anything, that has the slightest hint, of you, I love. But first of all, and last, and perhaps the only thing at all, I love you. So you see, even if your eyes were different and your mouth different and your hands and your hair and everything else about you is different, I would still love you just as long as you remained the ay you are now and did not change. But even if you had the

need you. I wonder if a person has any right to say that about another, and I wonder if the other person has any right to occupy that place in one ’ s life. But I say I need you because I cannot say elsewhere without telling myself a lie. I have come to depend so much upon you that every little moment of my life lived apart from you is every little piece of my heart taken away from me, for love is like that Love is not love if the one you love is not there beside you to share it with absence does not make the heart grow fine for what we feel in the emptiness of absence is not the reality of love but the illusion of love. What we hold in our hands then is not the body of love but the ghost of love, consider the stars. They are like living. Did you know that it takes thousands, even millions of years before the light of one star reaches us? By the time the light of that star touches our eyes, it would have gone out of the sky. So that what we actually see is not the star itself but simply the light of that star, love from a distance, DagupanLiterature

like the dying bonfire of a faraway star is often not love at all. Is it any wonder then that I should find myself dying the many little deaths of love when you are far from me?

I did not want to write you this letter in the same way that I did not want at first to love you. But I could not help writing this letter any more than I could help to fall helplessly and hopelessly in love with you Last night and the other night that I did not see you were agony for me What am I to you or you to me, that I should ache enough like this to come to see your presence beside me as though my whole life depended upon that and upon nothing else at all? I miss you. I knew when I left that I would miss you this much. There had just been three days between us, but already I seem to feel that my life has been dislocated to some degree. This is just loneliness, I know. I have come to depend so much upon you that, without you, I feel all at once lost and lonely. Take care of yourself for me. Remember that if anything

should happen to you, I would care the longest of anyone, it would hurt me the deepest of anyone because you, I love the dearest of anyone; you. I love the sweetest of anyone; you, I love the best of anyone.

J. EDDIE INFANTE

Jesus Infante was raised in Dagupan after his birth, where he completed his elementary and secondary schooling. He graduated from Dagupan Institute, where he excelled in public speaking.

As soon as he entered the film industry, he changed his name from Jesus to Eddie and achieved fame as a character performer with the name that he adopted. He has taken up writing. The Sunday Times Magazine, the Philippines Press, The Weekly Nation, the Graphic, and the Sunday Chronicle Magazine have published his poems and short tales

He is a member of the International Academy of Poets and the editor in chief of the magazine Asia International

His first work, The Marshall Entries, was released in 1969 and has received praise from literary figures. When reading the novel, one is reminded of Harry Stonehill and the rampant corruption of officialdom in the country at the height of the American GI's power.

His second work, An Instant of the Simplest Truth, is forthcoming. His paternal grandfather was a Ferreol from San Fabian He was the adopted son of Guillermo Cornel, who passed away GREGORIO H.

ALCAIDE

Gregorio

is a Dagupan immigrant who was born in Bucay, Abra, on August 2, 1917 He is a

screenwriter and radio dramatist who is married to the former Sta. Barbara Pastora Albania.. He is a multilingual author, writing in Ilocano, Pangasinan, Tagalog, and English. Prior to the war, he appeared as an antagonist in films. He has created a screenplay based on a novel by Juan C. Villamil published in the vernacular. This production is scheduled to be funded by Congressman Jose C de Venecia Jr and directed by Ruben S Abalos of Adroit Productions

Prior to the conflict, Alcaide contributed Tagalog short stories to Songs and Shows Magazine, the Literary Song Movie, Bulaklak, and Liwayway.

In 1951, he began his career as a writer of radio play scripts for DZRI. The Philippine Manufacturing Company funded his dramatic writings.

He creates the screenplay for the weekly vernacular radio drama broadcast on DZTD that airs at 6:30 p.m. on Wednesdays.

Hermudez Alcaide

THE LEGEND OF PANTAL RIVER

hold her in his arms and be so filled with affection for her that he wished he might die of love for her at that very moment. Their parents and family had arranged for their wedding before many summers had passed. The wedding was scheduled for the third full moon after the sixteenth summer of Matoor.

Pantal River refers to the segment of Agno River that flows through the center of Dagupan City on its route to Lingayen Gulf The legend you are about to read describes the river's origin.

Long before the recollection can reach any point in time, Matoor lived in the area that is now Pantal. A boy named Malamang, who cherished her more than anybody else, resided in the same location. Matoor had other suitors, but Malamang was the only one she cared about. She loved him so much that she would occasionally cry because she believed that no matter how much she loved him, she did not love him enough. At such times, Malamang would

Two full moons prior to the wedding date, while Malamang was hunting with his friends beyond what is now Bonuan, a powerful storm came from the sea. Two days later, the wind subsided.

The day after the winds subsided, Malamang's father was wandering along the beachfront of Bonuan when he discovered the body of a young woman She was progressively nursed back to health at his home after being taken there When she had sufficiently healed, she claimed to be a princess in a remote, seafaring kingdom. Her name was Malimgas, and she was beyond description. She was on her way to another kingdom when a hurricane

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struck the ship carrying her company.

The next day, Malamang returned from his hunt. When he first saw Malimgad, the world froze, and he felt himself falling in love with her ever so slowly, ever so deeply, ever so cruelly. Malimgas discovered his voice initially.

"Who are you?" she said. Softly. Quietly. The tranquillity of flowers

“Malamang ”

"You are the son Then you have returned from your hunt " "Yes," he said Then, because he was immediately at a loss for words and because she was so stunningly lovely that it pained to look at her, he exclaimed, "You are...Malimgas."

"But how did you know my name?" she said, charming despite her surprise.

"I don't know," he stated sincerely. It's just that... I feel like I've known you and waited for you my entire life. Then, Malamang experienced a time of severe discomfort. He realized that if he proceeded with the marriage, he would

spend the rest of his life with regrets and would likely grow to despise Matoor.

But if he renounced the marriage now, he, his family, his relatives, and his friends would be forever embarrassed.

The evening before the wedding, Malamang visited Matoor. She was discovered alone in her garden. When she saw him, her face lost its color. She asked, "Why did you come here? Did you not know it was bad luck to visit me on the day we were to be married?"

He desired to tell her the truth but was unable to do so The only thing he could do was grasp her in his arms for the final time and hold her closer to his heart than he ever had before.

It was not love that caused him to hold her in this manner, as he no longer felt any affection for her. It was because he felt a sudden bruise around his heart as he observed the immeasurable sadness forming in the eyes of the girl he had cherished most.

Malamang and Malimgas

were gone before daybreak.

Matoor was afflicted with unbearable sorrow. Her smiles disappeared one by one, and a profound melancholy filled her gaze. There were times when she was overcome with an intense want to cry, but she restrained herself. Multiple friends recognized this and questioned why she would not release her tears. However, Matoor stated in a voice laden with anguish, "My tears, like my love, are only for Malamang I shall shed every tear for him However, he does not require my tears at this time Now, he is quite happy I shall not dampen his joy with my tears. But when the time comes and he needs my tears, they will seek him out, locate him, and reach him wherever he may be in the world." Matoor passed suddenly shortly after uttering these words, her heart eaten away by the loneliness of her love for Malamang.

On the day of her burial, a plant sprang above her grave. It bore a blossom that was as sweet and uncomplicated as

Matoor's existence. People who observed the blossom were reminded of the unfortunate Matoor.

Many years later, when almost everyone had forgotten Matoor's story, the flower atop her tomb burst into tears and dropped to the ground. The tears accumulated in quantity and slithered away in a single line toward the ocean. The villagers awoke one morning to see that their tears had transformed into a river

Malamang's death was announced from the tiny country of Malimgas across the sea around the same time as tears emerged on Matoor's flower. In addition, there were reports of a river that sprang from the sea at night and flowed to Malamang's grave. Then, individuals recalled Matoor's statements. And they understood that Matoor was sobbing for Malamang from her grave. Her long held back tears finally poured. It had turned into a river, and the river of tears had flowed across the ocean to find his grave and water it with the

gift of her unrequited love. This is the Pantal River tale. It is stated that if one were to descend to the riverbed at this time, one would still discover Matoor's flower weeping ceaselessly for her lover Malamang.

STILL THE SAFEST, BEST PLACE ON EARTH

Is Dagupan safe? This is the question that bothers the thoughts of the residents of the city Since the seemingly endless sequence of tremors that have struck Dagupan over the past few weeks, the residents have lived in near constant worry; many are cracking under the strain of anxious tension. Out of the mass of extremely imaginative rumors, fabricated by superstitious quacks, and into the house. A psychosis of dread and mass hysteria has persisted,

fueled by pseudoscientists and seasoned with a pinch of limited scientific fact. Government geophysicists have undertaken earthquake site investigations. According to their assessment, the tremors we continue to feel are the aftershocks of the large earthquakes that occurred in May. When the disturbance in the earth's crust finally settles, it can take up to six months for these aftershock waves to arrive The geophysicists highlighted that nobody could predict if and when another significant earthquake will occur owing to a new disturbance underground, even as they allayed the public's anxieties over the current aftershock impacts. The unfortunate reality is that science has not yet discovered a method for predicting earthquakes, although typhoons are charted in advance on meteorological charts. Therefore, we return to the original query: Is Dagupan secure? Should the residents remain in place, or should they evacuate? Without any emotion, this is the scientific

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volcanic eruption) is comparable to that of Manila or Laoag. We must remember that the Philippines are situated within an earthquake zone. Regarding the rumor that Dagupan will disappear beneath the sea in ten years, perish the thought or perish with the absurd notion Obviously, all dry land is sinking approximately one centimeter every several years. If and when Dagupan sinks, it will be because the entire island of Luzon has sunk. Is Dagupan safe? Yes, it is as safe or as unlikely to be struck by a devastating earthquake as Manila. So long as Luzon is not considered unsafe, Dagupan will remain the best place on earth for Dagupeños to reside This editorial was intended to relieve the irrational worries that have gripped the public, but it is not the final attempt to lull them into a false sense of security. Anywhere in the world, on the icy steps of atheistic Siberia or the arid sands of the Muslim Sahara, there is a God. God aids only those who aid themselves, whether in the face of typhoons, snowstorms, earthquakes, or man himself. MandaragupanedAwaranyaBagnotan

Epilogue

Glossary

AAerating Involves reducing compaction, oxidizing the soil, and allowing the roots to take the appropriate nutrients and grow as vigorously as possible.

Affluent Refers to having a great deal of money; wealthy.

Aglipayan Church A popular schismatic Catholic church founded in 1902 by the priest Gregorio Aglipay and Sr Isabelo de los Reyes

Alcalde Mayor Representatives of the royal jurisdiction over a town and its district.

Algae A nonflowering, and typically aquatic plant of a large group that includes seaweeds and many single celled forms.

Ama Gaoley The ancient Pangasinenses worshiped him as their supreme deity addressed as Ama Gaoley or Anagaoley (Supreme Father) whom they invoke for various matters such as war, trade, and travel

Artesian Relating to or denoting a well bored perpendicularly into water bearing strata lying at an angle, so that natural pressure produces a constant supply of water with little or no pumping.

Augustinian A member of any of the Roman Catholic religious orders and congregations of men and women whose constitutions are based on the Rule of St Augustine

BBacnotan The original name of Dagupan City

Bahagues A type of loincloth that was commonly used throughout the Philippines before the arrival of the European colonizers and is currently still in use today by some indigenous tribes of the Philippines.

Bancas A small boat, a dugout canoe often provided with outriggers and a roof of bamboo.

Bangus Festival A ten day celebration taking place in Dagupan City every April

Aquaculture A set of activities that involve growing plants and breeding animals in continental or marine water to improve production.

Banwa An Austronesian concept that could mean territory, homeland, habitat, society, civilization, or cosmos.

Belen T. Fernandez The first Lady Mayor made political history and the woman who broke the record in the city's previously male dominated politics.

Biennial Occurring every two years

Binalatongan The former name of San Carlos City which is derived from the abundance of mongo (mung bean) plants along the San Juan riverbanks.

Brackish of water Slightly salty, as is the mixture of river water and seawater in estuaries.

affairs.

Civic organization A nonprofit organization that sponsors or conducts social or recreational activities for youths

Clay soil A heavy soil type that benefits from high nutrients

Colegio de San Alberto Magno The first ever college school in Pangasinan constructed by the Dominicans in 1892 for the education of young men.

Colonel An officer in the U.S. Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps ranking between a lieutenant colonel and brigadier general.

CCalmay bridge Also known as Franklin bridge was part of what historian Rosario Mendoza Cortes called the Golden Road, the 12 kilometer highway linking Dagupan to Lingayen and to Western Pangasinan .

Catapulted Something that hurls things through the air

Caudal fin The tail fin of fishes and some other aquatic vertebrates

Chanos-chanos A large fork tailed silvery herbivorous food fish.

Chartered city A new city granted special jurisdiction to create a new governance system and enact policy reforms.

Civic leader A leader in municipal

Congressional district Refers to the electoral districts or constituencies in which the country is divided for the purpose of electing 253 of the 316 members of the House of Representatives

Constituents One of the parts of which a thing is made up.

Contemporary Living or occurring at the same time.

Cyber cafés A café or coffee shop providing computers for access to the Internet.

DDeboning Involves removing the bones from (meat, poultry, or fish), especially

before cooking.

Deteriorate To become worse as time passes.

Detritus A dead particulate organic material, as distinguished from dissolved organic material

Diminishing To make something seem less impressive or valuable

FFerreol A presbyter and martyr of Besangon, suffered with Ferrutio in the time of Irenaeus.

Filamentous algae Colonies of microscopic plants that link together to form threads or mesh like filaments.

Fingerling A broad term applied to a juvenile fish that is about the size of a finger

EEspiritista Cristiana Movement A religious Association with more than a thousand affiliated local and foreign based centers (churches), and considered the biggest Association of Christian spiritists in the Philippines.

Estuarine Relating to a system of deep water and wetland tidal habitats characterized by fluctuating salinity and, in intertidal zones, by the presence of trees, shrubs, and emergent vegetation

Eutrophication A term describing a situation where a water body has lost so much of its dissolved oxygen that normal aquatic life begins to die off.

Executive The branch of government responsible for the overall governance of a state.

Ex officio Denoting or relating to a member of a body who holds the role as a result of their status or another position that they hold.

Fiscal Used to describe something that relates to government money or public money, especially taxes

Fish pens Refers to a fish enclosure made of closely woven bamboo screens, nylon screens or nets, or other materials attached to poles staked at the bottom up to the surface of the lake, river, or other shallow bodies of water for the purpose of growing and/or culturing fish to various sizes.

Fishpond A controlled pond, small artificial lake, or retention basin that is stocked with fish and is used in aquaculture for fish farming and for recreational fishing

Forebears A member of your family in the past; ancestor

GGilon Gilon ed Dalan The vibrant and colorful street dancing competition celebrated during Bangus Festival every

April.

Global hub A settlement or wider region that provides a focal point for activities that have a global influence.

Guerrilla warfare A type of warfare fought by irregulars in fast moving, small scale actions against orthodox military and police forces and, on occasion, against rival insurgent forces, either independently or in conjunction with a larger political military strategy.

IHHamlet A small settlement, generally one smaller than a village. Ilocandia The term given to the traditional homeland of the Ilocano people.

Ilocano A member of the Malayo Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family and is the third largest language of the Philippines, after Tagalog and English

Incantation A series of words said as a magic spell or charm.

KKatipunan Operated as an alternative Filipino government complete with a president and cabinet.

Kiosk A small building where things such as sweets or drinks are sold, often through an open window.

LLiterary masterpiece A work of literature that is considered to be outstanding in terms of its artistry and technique.

MLiterature Written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit Macerated To leave food in a liquid so that it absorbs the liquid and becomes soft

Martyr A person who has killed because of their religious or other beliefs.

Mass hysteria Refers to apparently contagious dissociative phenomena that take place in large groups of people or institutions under conditions of anxiety.

Meteorological bureau A bureau engaged in the collection of weather reports as a basis for weather predictions, storm warnings, and the compiling of statistical records

Messenger A person who carries a message or goes on an errand for another, especially as a matter of duty or business.

Milkfish A large active silvery fish of the Indo Pacific region, farmed for food in Southeast Asia and the Philippines.

Monoculture The culture of single

Municipal president The head of government of a municipality, often referred to as mayor.

NNationalism Identification with one ' s own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.

Nationalist Someone who desires for the group of people to which they belong to gain political independence.

OOral voting A voting method in deliberative assemblies (such as legislatures) in which a group vote is taken on a topic or motion by responding vocally Optimism Hopefulness and confidence about the future or the successful outcome of something.

PPacific War A major theater of World War II that covered a large portion of the Pacific Ocean, East Asia, and Southeast Asia, with significant engagements occurring as far south as northern Australia and as far north as the Aleutian Islands

Pacify To bring peace to (a country or warring factions), especially by the use or threatened use of military force.

Palaris Revolt The revolt that took place in the year 1762 to 1765 in Pangasinan, Philippines led by Juan dela Cruz (Palaris) of Binalatongan, also known as San Carlos City.

Pamphlet A small, unbound booklet that is used to advertise or provide information on a single subject

Pangasinan a language of the Malayo Polynesian branch of the Austronesian family of languages; it is one of the major languages of the Philippines and the primary language in the province of Pangasinan, as well as northern Tarlac.

Pellet A small, rounded piece of something, especially a compressed nugget of some material.

Phytoplankton The base of several aquatic food webs

Pinnacle The most successful point; the culmination

Pista’y Dayat Means “Sea Festival,” as it is a thanksgiving festival for the year ' s abundant harvest from the sea.

Plankton The small and microscopic organisms drifting or floating in the sea or freshwater, shrimplike animals that float in the ocean.

Polyculture The types of fish are selected based on their feeding habits so that the farmers may use the feeds as

efficiently as possible to minimize uneaten feed in the farming media.

Predominant Present as the strongest or main element.

Presidencia building Had the dual purpose of being the town's seat of government as well as a fortress to guard against Moro raids during the Spanish era

Propel To drive, push, or cause to move in a particular direction, typically forward.

Pseudoscientist A person who falsely or mistakenly claims to be a scientist.

Psychosis A mental condition that causes you to lose touch with reality.

abandonment of (a claim, right, or possession).

Robust Strong and healthy; vigorous.

SSaline water A type of water that contains significant amounts of dissolved salts; water containing salt.

Self liquidating Relating to a commercial transaction in which goods are converted into cash in a short time.

Self sufficient Refers to people who are independent financially, paying their own bills and working to support themselves

Serialized To publish or broadcast (a story or play) in regular installments.

QQuonset hut A building made of corrugated metal and having a semicircular cross section

Quo warranto A special form of legal action used to resolve a dispute over whether a specific person has the legal right to hold the public office that he or she occupies.

Regalia

RThe distinctive clothing worn and ornaments carried at formal occasions as an indication of status

Renounce To formally declare one ' s

Servitude The state of being a slave or completely subject to someone more powerful.

TTagalog A native language of the area and was declared the first official language of the country.

Tenure The conditions under which land or buildings are held or occupied.

Tranquility A state of peace and quiet.

Tremors Refers to involuntary quivering movement

Undersecretary A person who works for and has a slightly lower rank than the secretary

University of Negros Occidental A private, Catholic coeducational basic and higher education institution administered by the Order of Augustinian Recollects in Bacolod, Negros Occidental, Philippines.

University of the East A leading private university located in Manila, Philippines.

Urbanized city Having a lot of houses, offices, factories, etc , or having a lot of people who live and work in cities or towns

VVernacular The language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular country or region.

ZZooplankton A small, free floating aquatic microorganisms including crustaceans, rotifers, open water insect larvae, and aquatic mites.

Bibliography Articles

De Leon, E. (2001, July 15). Dagupan City gov’t has big plans for Bonuan Bangus. Philstar Global Corporation. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.philstar.com/business/agriculture/2001/07/15/84 984/dagupan city gov146t has big plans bonuan bangus/amp/

De Vera A. & Rice M. (n.d.). Aquaculture in Dagupan City, Philippines. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258767267 Aquaculture in Dagupan City P hilippines

Rathi, R (2021, July 7) Bangus Festival 2022: Get To Know Bangus Festival Place Of Origin, Costume, Mask, Date, History FreshersLIVE https://latestnews fresherslive com/articles/bangus festival get to know bangus festiv al place of origin costume mask date history 253694

Sotelo, Y. (2012, July 8). Dagupan Bangus will soon get a brand. INQUIRER.NET. https://www.google.com/amp/s/business.inquirer.net/69673/dagupan bangus to soon get a brand/amp

Blogs

Asiong. (2012, September 5). Urban Decay: Remnants of Franklin Bridge. Paradise Found. http://asiong32.blogspot.com/2012/09/urban decay remnants of franklin bri dge.html

Bangus Festival in Dagupan (2019) TED Marketing https://topeventdestinations com/festival/bangus festival dagupan/

Berto (2021, November 30) Manila Dagupan Railroad The Philippines Today https://thephilippinestoday com/manila dagupan railroad/

Business List. (n.d.). Top Religion in Dagupan, Philippines - List of Religion Philippines. https://www.businesslist.ph/category/religion/city:dagupan

Catubig, R. (n.d.). The Forlorn Franklin Bridge. Sunday Punch. https://punch.dagupan.com/opinion/entreacte/2022/07/the forlorn franklin bridge/ DBpedia. (n.d.). Pangasinan Language. https://dbpedia.org/page/Pangasinan language

Doña, K (2015, September 26) History of Pangasinan Language Wixsite https://kimberlydona wixsite com/blog/single post/2015/09/26/history of pangasinan language

Fernando, C (2021, July 23) Bangus Festival 2021: Experience the Enthralling Festivity and the Tastiest Bagus Ever Zenrooms https://www.zenrooms.com/blog/post/bangusfestival/#: :text=About%20Bangus%20Fe stival ,About%20Bangus%20Festival,bountiful%20bangus%20or%20milkfish%20harv ests.

Heritage Language. (n.d.). Tagalog. https://www.cal.org/heritage/tagalog.html

Looking For. (n.d.). St. John the Evangelist Cathedral. https://www.lookingfor.com.ph/church religion/st john the evangelist cathedral/

MustGo Travel Agency. (2021, July 1). Ilocano. MustGo.com. https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/ilokano/

MustGo Travel Agency (2021b, July 1) Tagalog Language - Dialects & Structure MustGo com https://www mustgo com/worldlanguages/tagalog/

Northern Watch (2010, April 28) Pigar pigar festival held in Dagupan https://northwatch wordpress com/2010/04/28/pigar pigar festival held in dagupan/ Palerud, R., et al. (n.d.). Environmental Monitoring and Modelling of Aquaculture in the Philippines (EMMA). Aquaculture Asia. http://www.aquaculture.asia/files/D9 Environmental Monitoring and Modelling of Aquaculture in the Philippines.pdf

Philippines Cities. (2017, July 27). Dagupan City History | Tourist Spots, Language and Festivals. https://philippinescities.com/region 1 ilocos region/dagupan city pangas inan/

Philippine Travel Destinations. (2022). Dagupan Bangus Festival https://www philippinetraveldestinations com/dagupan bangus festival/

Reyes, R. (2012, April 27). Dagupan City: Pigar Pigar at Galvan Street. Pinas Muna. https://www.pinasmuna.com/2012/04/dagupan city pigar pigar at galvan.html

Stone, R. (n.d.). What is the Tagalog Language? Rosetta Stone LLC. https://www.rosettastone.com/languages/what is the tagalog language

The Kahimyang Project (2011, November 24) Today in Philippine History, November 24, 1892, the 195 kilometer long railway line from Manila to Dagupan in Pangasinan was inaugurated https://kahimyang com/kauswagan/articles/771/today in philipp ine history november 24 1892 the 195 kilometer long railway line from manila to dagupan in pangasinan was inaugurated

Villareal, M. (2022, February 18). Ruins of century old Dagupan Railway Station. Out of Town Blog. https://outoftownblog.com/ruins of century old dagupan railway station/

Zerwell1989. (n.d.). Bangus Dagupan and the Festival of the North (Pangasinan). Steemit. https://steemit.com/steemitfamilyph/@zerwel1989/bangus dagupan and the fiesteval of the north pangasinan

Books

Basa, R (1972) The Story of Dagupan Manaois Press

Mamba, F (1970) The Life and Times of Daniel Maramba, Abridged Edition

Muñoz, J. (1961). A Brief History of Dagupan. Dagupan City Library.

Ravanzo, R. Jr. (n.d.). A Brief History of Dagupan. Dagupan City Public Library and Information Center.

Government Documents and Websites

Austria, H. (2022, May 1). Dagupan’s Bangus Festival is back. Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1173396

Punch, S. (n.d.). New Dagupan seal to be unveiled April 25. Sunday Punch. https://punch dagupan com/news/2011/04/new dagupan seal to be unveiled april 25/

Sangguniang Panlungsod Dagupan City (2021, June 4) History of Dagupan https://sp dagupan gov ph/about us/

The Official Website of the Province of Pangasinan. (2019, August 9). Dagupan City. https://www.pangasinan.gov.ph/cities/dagupan city/

Authors' Biography

Documentation

Figure 1 and 2

Figures 1 and 2 shows the members of the group browsing through several books in the Dagupan City Library in order to obtain reliable and factual information needed for the book.

Figure 3 and 4

Figures 3 and 4 show the rigorous work made by some of the authors of the book who went to the Provincial Library in Lingayen in order to get more information. This is because the available information in the city library is limited.

Figure 5 and 6

Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the time where the authors are picking and debating which information is needed or not.

Figure 7 and 8

Figures 7 and 8 presents the sources of information that were used by the authors during the process of making the book.