Boos$ng sustainability and urban quality in Rio de Janeiro. Porto Maravilha; transforma$on of an old industrial and port areas. Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) 2014.
www.immdesignlab.com
IMM
is International and multidisciplinary Design Laboratory for Urban Sustainability. Our work is driven by the principle that urban design can directly affect the quality of our environment, improve the energy performances as well as the quality ®
of our lives making our future more sustainable and responsible. IMM® is the acronym of Integrated Modification Methodology, an innovative design methodology based on a specific process with the main goal of improving the CAS’ (complex adaptive systems) energy performance, through the modification of its constituents and optimization the architecture of their ligands. Its approach is fundamentally Holistic, Multi-Layer, Multi-scale. In this methodology, the city is considered to be a dynamic Complex Adaptive System comprised of the superimposition of an enormous number of interrelated components, categorized in different Layers or ‘Subsystems’, (also complex adaptive systems) which through their inner arrangement and the architecture of their ligands provide a certain physical and provisional arrangement of the CAS. The IMM® investigates the relationships between urban morphology and energy consumption by focusing mostly on the ‘Subsystems’ characterized by physical characters and arrangement; hence, the text casts spotlight on IMM phasing process. The main object of this design
process is to address a more sustainable and better performing urban arrangement.
Why Rio? 1st: Rio is a Mega City
2nd: The Impact that a Mega City has in the environment
3rd: Through the IMM ® theory and by the considera;on
that urban design can directly affect the quality of our lives as well as improve the quality of our environment, provide to the city in case a way to be more sustainable
4th: Test the IMM ® Methodology in a Mega City
Why Rio?
urban morphology and environmental and energy performances is a key The
main goal
is to demonstrate that the
rela:onships
between
factor for designing more sustainable, efficient and resilient ci:es.
The demonstra;on that the behaviour and the performances of a Complex
Adap:ve System (CAS) depends mostly by its arrangement, will address the applica:on of the IMM® methodology to a selected case study.
Hence in IMM® scale play an significant role due the fact that the cross-scale effects is of great
significance in the dynamics of CASs and just a Mul:-scale approach can deal with the complex systems transforma;on. In other words the transforma;on of an intermediate scale play in IMM® the role of a catalyst to ini;ate a chain reac:on able to transform the en;re structure of a CAS, whatever is the system's magnitude. Due to the fact that IMM® considers the city as a CAS, the selected design area play the role to change the structure of the en:re system implemen;ng its own environmental and energy performances. We aim present the achieved results through the applica;on of IMM®design process to a selected intermediate scale (Porto Maravilha area) seen like a transforma:on
agent of the en:re CAS (Rio de Janeiro), one of the biggest world’s agglomera:on with more than 12 millions inhabitants.
Rio de Janeiro
The second largest city in Brazil, The sixth largest city in the Americas and The world's thirty-ďŹ Vh largest city by popula;on.
Popula;on: 6,5 mln people Density: 5 377/km2 Area: 1 200 km2
METROPOLITAN SCALE
INTERMEDIATE SCALE
LOCAL SCALE
MULTISCALE
MULTILAYER
“Thinking global and ac/ng local”
INVESTIGATION QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION (GENERAL INFORMATIONS) DISMANTLING
- Density - Popula;on - Energy - Green area surface - …
- VOLUME/VOIDS - TRANSPORTATION - FUNCTIONS
Where is the site? GLOBAL SCALE LOCAL SCALE
INTERMEDIATE SCALE
Great visualiza;on of
WEB DATA
Could it tell us something about urban centrality?
Site importance – the hub North Zone Metropolitan Area Baixada Fluminense
downtown
West Zone
South/West Zone
South Zone
The Intermediate scale
The Intermediate scale
The Local Scale
LOCAL SCALE
RIO DE JANEIRO – PORTO MARAVILHA IMM CASE STUDY
INTERMEDIATE SCALE
LOCAL SCALE
IMM METHODOLOGY – PHASES
HORIZONTAL INVESTIGATION
VOLUME
VOID PAVED VOID GREEN VOID
TRANSPORTATION RAILWAY METRO LINE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND HIGHWAY VLT UNDERGROUND VLT BIKELINE CABLE CAR BUS LOCAL STREET
FUNCTION
VERTICAL INVESTIGATION
FIRST LEVEL OF SUPERIMPOSITION KEY CATEGORIES
POROSITY
F.L.S. VOLUME + VOID
PROXIMITY
F.L.S. FUNCTION + VOLUME
DIVERSITY
F.L.S. VOID + FUNCTION NECESSARY REGULAR ACTIVITY NECESSARY OCCASIONAL ACTIVITY OPTIONAL ACTIVITY
INTERFACE
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + VOID HIGH INTEGRATION
LOW INTEGRATION
ACCESSIBILITY
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + FUNCTION NECESSARY REGULAR ACTIVITY JOB OPPORTUNITY TRANSPORTATION NODE 20 MINUTES ACCESSIBLE AREA
HIGH EFFECTIVENESS
LOW INTEGRATION RAILWAY METRO LINE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND HIGHWAY VLT UNDERGROUND VLT RAPID BUS LINE CABLE CAR BUS LOCAL STREET
EFFECTIVENESS
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + VOLUME
VERTICAL INVESTIGATION
SECOND LEVEL OF SUPERIMPOSITION
COMPLEXITY
S.L.S. INTERFACE + DIVERSITY
COMPACTNESS
S.L.S. POROSITY + PROXIMITY
CONNECTIVITY
S.L.S. EFFECTIVENESS + ACCESSIBILITY
ANALYSIS LAYERS OVERLAPPING
MEASUREMENT
ACTUAL PERFORMANCE BASED ON THE 10 INDICATORS
FORMULATION
CHOOSING THE CATALYST LAYER AND DEFINING THE 10 IMM DESING ORDERING PRINCIPLES
INTERVENTION AND DESIGN
DEFINING THE CONCEPT AND DEFINING THE MODIFICATIONS THROUGH THE CATALYST
CONCEPT
THE GREEN FINGERS SERRA DA MENDANHA MUNICIPAL PARK
PEDRA BRANCA STATE PARK
MUNICIPAL ECOPARK PRAINHA
TIJUCA NATIONAL PARK CORCOVADO
ATERRO DO FLAMENGO PARK PÃO DE AÇUCAR
CONNECTING THE URBAN BIODIVERSITY IN A GLOBAL, INTERMEDIATE AND LOCAL SCALE
MODIFICATION/INTERVENTION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
/ RIO EXISTING MORPHOLOGY
IPANEMA
COPACABANA
CATETE
CENTRO
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION
TRANSFORMATION Spreading the total Volume, or the volume aimed by the agencies, uniformly. The method used was multiplying the surface area by the buildable index (max. area) than dividing it by 70% as allowable foot print, in order to reach the same volume as planned by the Porto Maravilha Project. In this way is achieve as common heights 7 floors within the entire CEPAC area. The graph below shows the blocks division, according to the interface previously analyzed and the total volume.
TRANSFORMATION
Working with total Volume, excavation the streets necessary to increase the interface, analyzing the connection between the coast line and the city. The graph below shows now the perpendicular blocks divided and the hierarchy division of the streets
TRANSFORMATION Completing the interface with the inner connections. The original volume now was excavated also in parallel with the cost line, improving the interface within the study area. The graph below shows now the blocks in its totality, divided and again the hierarchy division between the streets
c
TRANSFORMATION Now the analysis is made no more dividing the volume equally, instead was given to each plot a hierarchy value, as consequence of its position in relation with the transportation system. The plots closer (walking distance) to the bigger multimodal hubs will host more volume, as well the plots located in the study area boundaries will host less volume.
TRANSFORMATION
110 M
55 M 5M
TRANSFORMATION
CONTEXTUAL EVALUATION RETROFITTING
- PERFORMANCE OF THE NEW CAS, BOOSTED, BASED ON THE 10 INDICATORS
CAS – LAYERS COMPARISON
VOLUME BEFORE
VOLUME AFTER
30% VOLUME INCREASED 65% VOLUME INCREASED AT THE PORT AREA
VOID
BEFORE PAVED VOID GREEN VOID
VOID AFTER PAVED VOID GREEN VOID
4,4% VOID INCREASED
TRANSPORTATION RAILWAY METRO LINE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND HIGHWAY VLT UNDERGROUND VLT BIKELINE CABLE CAR BUS LOCAL STREET
BEFORE
TRANSPORTATION RAILWAY METRO LINE MAIN CAR STREETS UNDERGROUND HIGHWAY VLT UNDERGROUND VLT RAPID BUS LINE CABLE CAR BUS LOCAL STREET ( LIMIT FOR CARS)
AFTER
PARK AND RIDE BIKE SHARING
CHANGED FROM MULTIMODAL TO INTERMODAL HUBS
FUNCTION BEFORE
FUNCTION AFTER
MIXED USE AT THE PORT ZONE
POROSITY
F.L.S. VOLUME + VOID
BEFORE
POROSITY
F.L.S. VOLUME + VOID
AFTER
PROXIMITY
F.L.S. FUNCTION + VOLUME
BEFORE
PROXIMITY
F.L.S. FUNCTION + VOLUME
AFTER
DIVERSITY
F.L.S. VOID + FUNCTION NECESSARY REGULAR ACTIVITY NECESSARY OCCASIONAL ACTIVITY OPTIONAL ACTIVITY
BEFORE
DIVERSITY
F.L.S. VOID + FUNCTION NECESSARY REGULAR ACTIVITY NECESSARY OCCASIONAL ACTIVITY OPTIONAL ACTIVITY
AFTER
INTERFACE
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + VOID HIGH INTEGRATION
LOW INTEGRATION
BEFORE
INTERFACE
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + VOID HIGH INTEGRATION
AFTER
LOW INTEGRATION
21% INCREASED INTEGRATION
HIGH EFFECTIVENESS
LOW INTEGRATION RAILWAY METRO LINE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND HIGHWAY VLT UNDERGROUND VLT RAPID BUS LINE CABLE CAR BUS LOCAL STREET
EFFECTIVENESS
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + VOLUME
BEFORE
HIGH EFFECTIVENESS
LOW INTEGRATION RAILWAY METRO LINE HIGHWAY UNDERGROUND HIGHWAY VLT UNDERGROUND VLT RAPID BUS LINE CABLE CAR BUS LOCAL STREET
EFFECTIVENESS
F.L.S. TRANSPORTATION + VOLUME
AFTER
+% +31% +4,4%
+174% +51% +21%
+65% +4,4%
+21%
MASTERPLAN
AT INTERMEDIATE SCALE
REFERENCES
COPACABANA WATERFRONT
REFERENCES
IPANEMA WATERFRONT
PORTO MARAVILHA CULTURAL CENTER
GRID
WATERFRONT
PORTO MARAVILHA CULTURAL CENTER
DEFINING PUBLIC SPACES
DEFINING PUBLIC SPACES
GREEN AREAS
MAIN ENTRANCE
SECONDARY ENTRANCE
GROUND FLOOR: COMMERCIAL (shops, café, restaurants..)
BREATHABLE ACCESSIBLE
UPPER FLOORS: RESIDENTIAL & OFFICES
3D VIEWs
INTERMEDIATE SCALE
HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL INVESTIGATION AT INTERMEDIATE SCALE
VOLUME
VOID
VOID + GREEN
VOID + GREEN
VOID + GREEN
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION
TRANSPORTATION
EFFECTIVNESS RAPID BUS LINE
EFFECTIVNESS RAPID BUS LINE
EFFECTIVNESS RAPID BUS LINE VLT
EFFECTIVNESS RAPID BUS LINE VLT BUS
FUNCTIONS
ACTUAL SITUATION
FUNCTIONS
IMM MASTERPLAN
FUNCTIONS
IMM MASTERPLAN
FUNCTIONS
IMM MASTERPLAN
INTERFACE
ACTUAL SITUATION
INTERFACE
IMM MASTERPLAN
SOLAR ANALYSIS IMM MASTERPLAN SUMMER STUDY
NORTH-WEST SIDE
NORTH SIDE
HEAT ISLAND EFFECT ALL YEAR STUDY
SOUTH SIDE
WIND ANALYSIS IMM MASTERPLAN