STATISTICS_values and lifestyles

STATISTICS Values and Lifestyles Research Tianjie Li Simple Version

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1. OVERVIEW The process which contained the framework building, factor analysis, Pearson Correlations and the reliability statistics calculated by the Cronbach's Alpha went through 9 iterations. Every time contained a random sample over 1900. The result sorted the values into 6 Chinese traditional core values and analyzed the impact reasons such as gender, blood type and growing environment through means and deviations calculated by the Likert Scale. 2. ANALYSIS (SAMPLE) 2.1. Framework building & impact factors FIGURE 1 Field study example values

society

family

pursuit

quality

Kind-hearted

parents

material and spirit

honesty

competition and cooperation

marriage

hardship and enjoyment

impartiality

self-awareness

responsibility

Stress Tolerance

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PICTURE 1 Factor structure

2.2. Hierarchical cluster analysis The cluster method was chosen as between-groups linkage cluster and the interval involved in Pearson correlation. This process divided our items into 6 categories which represented 6 core values in China. Also, this step was a preliminary study for the reliability analysis.

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PICTURE 2 Dendrogram of hierarchical cluster analysis (sample)

2.3. Reliability Statistics We could see in the table below which showed a low reliability of the results. As my research was too special that involved many sensitive topics and personal information, such as self-evaluation towards honesty, bullying, money or venality and so on, thus improving the values of α was not the most essential point, instead it was crucial to figure out the social problems and useful information. TABLE 1 Reliability statistics Reliability Statistics Question 12.

是否自我中心

13.

是否无私

14.

是否宽容

1.

你是否善良

17.

对待强势

21.

是否自省

24.

有无进攻性

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's

N Of

Cronbach's

N Of

Alpha

Items

Alpha

Items

.649

3 .675

7

N/A

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2.4. Bivariate correlations Bivariate correlations chosen Pearson correlation as correlation coefficients and the test of significance was two-tailed. We could check the table of Pearson correlation coefficients below, discovering that the coefficients ranged from .110 to .487. This proved a low significant level. TABLE 1 Pearson correlation coefficients Correlation Question 1. 你是否善良 12.是否自我中心

Pearson Correlation

1. 你是否

12.是否自

13.是否

14.是否

17.对待

24.有无进

21.是否

善良

我中心

无私

宽容

强势

攻性

自省

1

.256(**)

.332(**)

.325(**)

.184(**)

.233(**)

.207(**)

.000

1964

.256(**)

1

.344(**)

.338(**)

.110(**)

.156(**)

.000

.000 1964

Sig. (2-Tailed) N Pearson Correlation

.343(**)

Sig. (2-Tailed)

.000

N

1964

.332(**)

.344(**)

1

.487(**)

.208(**)

.202(**)

.000

.000 1964

Pearson

.279(**)

13.是

Correlation

否无私

Sig. (2-Tailed)

.000

N

1964

.325(**)

.338(**)

.487(**)

1

.202(**)

.279(**)

.000

.000 1964

Pearson 14.是

Correlation

否宽容

Sig. (2-Tailed)

.000

N

1964

.184(**)

.110(**)

.208(**)

.202(**)

1

.261(**)

Pearson 17.对

Correlation

待强势

Sig. (2-Tailed)

.000

N

1964

.233(**)

.156(**)

.202(**)

Sig. (2-Tailed)

.000

N

1964

24.有无进攻性

.154(**)

.000

1964

.279(**)

.261(**)

1

.000

1964

.207(**)

.343(**)

.279(**)

.317(**)

.154(**)

.194(**)

1

Sig. (2-Tailed)

.000

N

1964

Pearson Correlation

Pearson 问题 21

.317(**)

Correlation

.194(**) .000 1964

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

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2.5. Mean And Standard Deviation The investigation adopted a 7-Likert scale in which 7 represented a most positive attitude and 1 was on the contrary. Meanwhile, choice 4 was more complex than any other choice. Through participants’ interview, I summed up several reasons for choosing 4 as an answer: First situation, the participants wanted to conceal his real thoughts or behaviors which would probably be negative ones. Second situation, participants couldn’t tell right from wrong towards the questions. That means he had no idea about positive values. Third situation, they didn’t stand firm enough, sometimes were behaving good while sometimes leaned to another side. All of the reasons above may affect the reliability of the results and this provided many social problems in China. CHART 1 Mean and standard deviation

VALUE OF BENEVOLENT 7 6 SCORE

5

5.702

5.279

4.734

5.271 5.335

5.234 4.095

4 3 2 1

1.091 1.295 1.098 1.14

1.49 1.217 1.303

mean standard deviation

0

In this research, I analyzed some factors which might have impacts on the results or produced significant variance in the conclusions. These factors were gender, age, academic background, blood type and living environment.

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CHART 1 Result of different blood type (sample)

EVALUATIONS OF SELF-CENTREDNESS FROM DIFFERENT BLOOD TYPE PEOPLE 40.0% 35.0%

PERCENTAGES

30.0% 22.2%

25.0%

21.0% 18.1% 17.3% 16.2% 15.2%

20.0% 15.0% 10.0%

overall blood type A blood type AB blood type B blood type O others

5.0% 0.0% 1

2

3

4 LIKERT SCALE

5

6

7

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