Social Sciences: Geography
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Reg. No.: 2011/011959/07
Social Sciences
Facilitator’s guide: Geography
Grade 5
SAMPLE
CAPS aligned
M Lübcker E van Emmenes
Learning objectives
What learners should know at the end of the lesson according to CAPS requirements.
Lesson elements
Important terminology
New terminology to assist with the understanding of the subject as part of the lesson.
Tips
Any information other than the content, to guide learners through the learning process.
Define
Definitions of concepts to understand the content.
Activity
Questions to complete to test learners’ knowledge of the completed lesson.
Core content
SAMPLE
Emphasise the core of the content; in-depth explanation of a specific section of the lesson; learners must understand this content.
Study/Revision
Time spent studying the content at the end of the unit and to prepare for a test or examination.
For the curious Encouragement to do in-depth research about the content. Expand the activity and exercise to such an extent that learners are encouraged to explore. For gifted learners: expanded exercises. For Learners with Special Educational Needs (LSEN): Explain the need to complete the basic questions to achieve a pass mark.
G05 ~ Social Sciences: Geography
Timetable and time management
According to CAPS, learners should spend 3 (three) hours per week on Social Sciences. A term of 10 weeks therefore gets 30 hours. The time allocation for History is therefore 15 hours per term of 10 weeks and Geography also 15 hours per term of 10 weeks. As a result, learners must spend 1½ hours per week on Geography, but you will find that some tasks take less time than others.
According to the study guide:
Term 1: There are 16 lessons for term 1. In a 10-week term, learners will have one Geography lesson per week, and in any six weeks two lessons for that week.
Term 2: There are seven lessons for term 2. In a 10-week term, learners will have one Geography lesson per week.
Term 3: There are 11 lessons for term 2. In a 10-week term, learners will have one Geography lesson per week, and a second lesson for one week only to address the eleventh lesson.
Term 4: There are 9 lessons for term 4. In a 10-week term, learners will have one Geography lesson per week. Since term 4 is usually very short, it will be beneficial for learners to complete two to three lessons per week. If possible, start with term 4’s lessons in term 3.
SAMPLE
Assessment requirements
The recommended assessment programme is as follows:
Term 1
Term 2
Term 3
History Test
Geography Test
History Assignment and examination
Geography Assignment and examination
History Assignment Geography Project
Term 4 History Examination
Codes and percentages for recording and reporting
SAMPLE
Study tips and methods
Learners can use a mind map to remember the information they learn. A mind map has the main object in the middle with many side branches with main headers. The table of contents can come in handy here.
Keep this mind map handy every time you do a new lesson and keep it up to date. It reduces the number of summaries just before the examinations.
There is an activity at the end of some lessons to help learners understand the content of the lesson. Go through the activities with learners in preparation for their examinations.
Every activity must be completed as thoroughly as possible and the questions must be answered in full sentences.
G05 ~ Social Sciences: Geography
Other useful information
Get an atlas for learners if possible. Atlas skills are very important in Geography. Maps of your local area are handy for mapwork.
Where possible, use reliable sources on the internet. Many organisations and projects provide useful information online. Compare different websites to see if factual content corresponds. Google Earth has good aerial photographs.
YouTube has many videos and podcasts that may be useful for curious learners who want to learn more about the subject.
Preface
This guide is for the facilitator only, not learners. This guide is to be used with the study guide for Grade 5. Therefore, all the lesson information is in the study guide.
The answers to the activities are provided in this guide, although there are some activities with no specific answer. It will be pointed out under each such activity.
Try to have a conversation with learners about the lesson before working through it. Talk about the topics in general to test the learners’ existing knowledge.
SAMPLE
Year plan
Keep the following in mind when planning your year:
● Be realistic and flexible
● Keep your other subject timetables in mind
● Allow for enough time to study for tests and examinations
Term Unit and lesson
Unit 1: World map and compass directions
Lesson 1: Position of the equator, North and South Poles on a globe
Lesson 2: The seven continents
Lesson 3: Eight points on a compass
Lesson 4: Eight directions from a fixed point on a world map
Unit 2: Africa, our continent
Lesson 5: Position of Africa on a world map and globe
Lesson 6: Oceans around Africa
Lesson 7: Concepts of countries and borders
Lesson 8: Locations of countries in Africa
Lesson 9: Countries with a coastline
1
Lesson 10: Madagascar and Zanzibar
Lesson 11: South Africa’s neighbouring countries
Unit 3: A physical map of Africa
Lesson 12: Reading a physical map
Lesson 13: Africa’s highest peaks
Lesson 14: Africa’s three largest lakes
Lesson 15: Africa’s great rivers
Lesson 16: Southern Africa’s famous waterfalls
Lesson 17: Africa’s great deserts
Unit 4: Images of Africa
Lesson 18: Photos of a range of scenes and landscapes in Africa
Lesson 19: Use grid references on a map to determine position
Unit 5: Physical features of South Africa
2
Lesson 20: A physical map of South Africa
Lesson 21: Indicating altitude
Date started Date completed
2
Lesson 22: Physical features
Lesson 23: Naming of important places
Lesson 24: Where rivers start and end
Lesson 25: Concept of river systems
Lesson 26: Main rivers of South Africa
Unit 6: Physical features and human activity
Lesson 27: Human activities in different physical environments
Lesson 28: Influence of human activities on the physical environment
Unit 7: Water, climate and vegetation of South Africa
Lesson 29: Elements of weather and precipitation
Lesson 30: Measuring temperature and rainfall and the instruments used
Lesson 31: Determination and description of wind direction
Lesson 32: Weather charts and weather conditions
Unit 8: Climate, rainfall and natural vegetation
3
Lesson 33: Rainfall in South Africa
Lesson 34: Rainfall patterns
Lesson 35: Difference between weather and climate
Lesson 36: Different types of climate in South Africa
Lesson 37: Climate of own environment
Lesson 38: What is natural vegetation?
Lesson 39: The relationship between climate, natural vegetation and wildlife
Lesson 40: The Savannah grasslands
Unit 9: Mineral and coal resources in South Africa
Lesson 41: Minerals as a non-renewable resource
Lesson 42: The most important minerals mined in South Africa and their uses
SAMPLE
Lesson 43: How coal is formed
Lesson 44: Uses of coal
Lesson 45: Location of mineral and coal mines
4
Unit 10: Mining and mining environments
Lesson 46: What mining is and the ways of mining
Lesson 47: Open cast/surface mining and shaft/deep level mining
Lesson 48: Pollution, waste and sewage
Lesson 49: Health and safety risks for mineworkers
World map and compass directions Unit 1
Learning aims
After completing this unit, learners must be able to do the following:
● Understand and work with a variety of resources – including maps, data and pictures.
● Know the position of the equator and North and South Poles on a map or globe.
● Identify and know the positions of the seven continents.
● Identify the eight cardinal points on a compass.
● Use these cardinal points and identify the eight directions from a fixed point on a map.
Introduction
Talk about the earth or the world. Try to get an atlas and then look at the different countries. Try to get a globe so that learners can see the difference between the actual shape of the earth and how it is depicted as flat on a map. This will also help in later years for time zones and other map-related work. Roughly two hours should be spent teaching this topic, with some extra time for activities and revision.
Lesson 1
Position of the equator, North and South Poles on a globe
It is important for learners to think of the earth in the form of a globe and not as a map, which is flat. If you have access to the internet, the following videos are a good and exciting way of remembering latitude and longitude.
Links: bit.ly/2MidMyu | bit.ly/2KIpFus
North Pole
Northern hemisphere
Southern hemisphere
South Pole
Lesson 2
The seven continents
The seven continents are easy to remember. Their placement on Earth, however, is less so. If learners experience any trouble, the following link is to a song about the continents.
Link: bit.ly/2YXMrbG
Lesson 3
Eight points on a compass
The following are the eight points of a compass:
N – North
NE – Northeast
E – East
SE – Southeast
S – South
SW – Southwest
W – West
NW – Northwest
North, east, south and west are the four main directions and the others are in-between directions. Explain this to the learners and ensure they correctly understand this.
Lesson 4
Eight directions from a fixed point on a world map
Learners have learnt the eight main compass directions in the previous lesson. They will now be applying this information to a real-life situation, but on a broader basis. For the activity, learners must find their house as a fixed point on the map and look for what they will find in the given directions.
SAMPLE
This can be applied in the classroom as well, e.g. have learners draw a basic sketch of their learning area or classroom, or even complete the exercise verbally if need be, and then explain the different objects they find for a given direction. For example, have them stand at the board and give them a direction in which to walk and tell you what they find along their way. Activity 3
1. North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia (7)
2.1. Northwest (NW)
2.2. West (W)
2.3. Southeast (SE)
2.4. North (N)
2.5. South (S)
2.6. East (E)
2.7. Northeast (NE)
2.8. Southwest (SW)