University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario volume

University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario volume 15, number 30 friday, february 14, 1975

Inside “Lot ofpeople ask me: ‘Aren’t you afraid the CIA is going to kill you?’ Well, the CIA don’t want to kill me . . . whit they would like to do is discredit me . . . they would like to find me drunk, naked in the backseat of a car with a six year old boy. But, you see, I’m ahead of the game: all those dirty things I-used to do I don’t do anymore.”

Dick Gregory speaking at the African Peoples Symposium where he made allegations linking the CIA with the murders ofjohn and Photo by doug beecroft Robert Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Ma/corn X, and the ‘appearance of the SLA.

Steriliza tion in Puerto Ric ‘0, World’s food crisis.... . .. . . . . .

9 10 -

CIA- linked Ito -IKennedy’s- murder American comedian and political activist, Dick Gregory accused the CIA with’direct complicity in the John F. Kennedy assassination in Dallas in 1963, in a speech mad,e , here last week&d.

Speaking at the African Peoples Symposium, Gregory revealed the now famous photograph which shows two men bearing close resemblance to Howard Hunt and Frank Sturgis in Dallas on the day of Kennedy’s murder.

Gregory had made national headlines last week by revealing the same photo at the Rocker-feller Commission hearings on the CIA. At UW Gregory said that “we had had this photo for some time but it never meant anything until WaterCTclt‘p” Hunt, a career CIA agent (chief operations officer for the Bay of Pigs) and former White House consultant, was a participant in the break-in of the Democratic National Headquarters in Washington’s Watergate Hotel in 1972.

Frank Sturgis is also a CIA bperative who at one time lost-his citizenship for his Caribbean gun-running activities against Castro. &;uLb.

Gregory also said that both Hunt and Sturgis were picked up by police on the same day and booked under “John Does” and without fingerprints.

CIA-and Dallas The photo with the two men resembling Hunt and Sturgis was but one of many pieces of alleged evidence revealed by Gregory at the Symposium which implicates the CIA with the JFK assassination.

Also produced were two photos of Lee’ Harvey Oswald, alleged to be the sole assassin, which would hint that Oswald was but part of a wider conspiracy to kill Kennedy.

One of the photos appeared as a LIFE magazine cover and shows Oswald posing in his backyard with the two guns which he allegedly used in Dallas. The other photo shows Oswald immedtiely after

the arrest. The chin formation in each photo is markedly -different.

Conclusion: the photo with Oswald in backyard is not genuine. diegory also said that his research team had photos which showed two snipers up on a grassy knoll in front of Kennedy. Gregory said, too, that he had a film of the whole cavalcade and that the film decisively proves that the singlebullet lheory is a myth. Also in his possession, reportedly, are photos showing Virgilio Gonzalez, also a CIA operative in the Bay of Pigs, with Lee Harvey Oswald handing out pamphlets in New Orleans which argued for “Fair Play for Cuba.”

Gonzalez was also involved in the Watergate break-in.

Robert

Kennedy

In his speech, Gregory also said that he has evidence that effectively refutes the legal verdict that Sirhan Sirhan was the murderer of.

Robert Kennedy. .

He said that his group had a copy of Kennedy’s autopsy report which shows that he was hit with three bullets, all of which were in the back. Sirhan was standing in front of him.

The SLA In Gregory’s opinion the SLA was a “creation of the U.S. government.”

All of the men ind women in the SLA were either prisoners or social workers at Vaccaville prison in California.

This prison, Gregory said, was up to a few months ago the main behaviour modification centre that was being run -by the government.

He said that the CIA hoped that the Hearst kidnapping would lead to others across the country, thus creating widespread fear among wealthy liberals, and the easy instituting of martial law across the country.

The wider theory Underlying the’ CIA’s actions, according to Gregory, is a power struggle within America’s ruling

class between the “old money” of the Eastern establishments and the “new” money of America’s South and South-West.

Gregory’s theory runs much the same direction as does the “Cowboy versus Yankee” theory so popularized by the New Left in recent times. The “Yankees” are the scions of the Eastern financial establishment; those who control the New York banks and investment houses. The “Cowboys” are the economic sovereigns of America’s Southern rim. They are for the most part new-money people,

without the family fortunes and backgrounds of Eastern weakh (Rockerfellers, DuPonts, etc.), people whose fortunes have been made just recently in such things as aerospace and defense contracts, in oil, natural gas, and real-estate.

It is this latter group, theoretically, which engineered the JFK assassination in order to get their man Johnson into the presidency and which- was behind the RFK murder to get their man Nixon in.

Following the logic in the argument, such as it is, the Watergate break-in was hatched by the East-

ern establishment in order to discredit and remove Nixon.

The theory, in terms bf its describing a power struggle, is faulty in that the money of the “Cowboys” is petty cash compared to the billions of the “Yankees”.

What is relatively plausible, ho& ever, is the theory that the “Cowboys” with the help of the CIA did initiate the Kennedy killings. As new evidence, such as that brought forth by Gregory, turns up the accepted verdict.s on both cases seem more and more questionable.

-doug ward

Renison must agtee to mbitrate by1 - Feb.. 18 Renison College has until Tuesday to decide whether it will accept binding arbitration with the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT) to resolve the dispute over the firings of profs Hugh Miller and Jeffrey Forest.

That is when Renison and CAUT will meet again for another round of negotiations.

But, according to jocal CAUT rep Mike McDonald, if R&ison doesn’t make it clear that it ii-seeous about settling the dispute by arbitration, CAUT will cease further discussions.

It’ll then release a public statement on the progress made and why negotiations broke down.

Binding arbitration -is the accepted means of settling this type of case, and if it appears that Renison will not put its case to the test then it is likely to be viewed very seriously by the academic community.

Especially since charges have been made that the firings were politi.cally motivated.

If evidence exists that this was the case, and the UW Faculty Association’s Tenure Committee said in its report

on the firings that they were politiuntil after CAUT and Renison have cal, then it is likely that CAUT will met with the latter deciding censure Renis& at its annual meetwhether it would accept binding ing in May. arbitration.

CAUT made a similar What CAUT is looking for at the ~ request in a letter read by Tuesday meeting is a willingness to McDonald. allow an academic to arbitrate on But Nina Tymoszewicz, speakthe academic questions‘of the two ing on behalf of the Renison Acadcases, said McDonald.

It is “an emic Assembly, said: “We are fed _ academic matter”, he said “and up. We have had enough and have has to have arbitration in an appropriate academic forum.” _ absolutely no faith that the next ten days will provide the results that Hitherto Renison has only the Arts Faculty Council, Senate, , wanted to state its case in a law Faculty Association, and members court and only on the legality of its of the national academic communactions. McDonald told the chevron ity-have been pushing for.” All of that CAUT will not accept such a these groups have called upon stance on Tuesday.

Renison to take their case to bindAbout 50 Renison studeiits, coning arbitration. vinced that Renison has been stalTymoszewicz ilso said that the ling on the question of arbitration, college has refused to consider the lobbied faculty before Monday’s interest of the students. She asked arts faculty council meeting. all “progressive staff and stuA motion condemning Renison College for not accepting binding arbitration was withdrawn at the meeting after a letter from UW president Burt Matthews was read.

The letter asked that there be no official discussion about Renison

dents” to walk out of the meeting in protest.

Approximately fifty students aqd twelve faculty left, most of whom convened another meeting to discuss ways of bringing Renison to arbitration.

-neil docherty

2

friday,

the chevron

Tues.

’

Sat. Feb. 15

Noon 12: 15 3:OO 6:OO 6:30 9:00 9:20 * Midn

Scope-UN Music with Reid Robertson.

Music with Ian Allen.

BBC-African Theatre Music with Jim Waldrum.

The house of commons.

The nine to twelve show Music with Don Cruikshank.

Sun. Feb. 16

Noon Belgian press review.

12: 15 Classical music with David Villeneuve.

3:00 Classical music with Ian MacMillan.

5:30 Music and musicians-Radio Moscow. ~.

6:30 Music with Steve Favell and Gord Wood.

9:OO Interview with Mike Oldfield.

9:30 Music with Phil’LaRoque.

Midn Music with Vic ‘Decker.

Mon.

Noon 12: 15 3:00 3:15 6:00 6:30 9:00

Feb. 17

Soviet press review.

Music with Paul Bennett.

Rest of the news.

Music with Mark Perrin.

Community services.

Music with Donna Rogers.

Canadian concert-Michel Pagliaro.

9:30 Mellow music with ,Tim Paulin.

Midn. The Mike DeVillaer midnight music show. i

Feb. 18

9:00 Morning music with Doug Maynes. ’ Noon Perspectives-UN. 12: 15 Music with Jim Oswald and Ian Wismer.

2:45 BBC Science magazine.

3: 15 Music with Roger Gartland.

5:30 Black writers’ conference-Part 2. Produced by Radio McGill.

6:30 Music with.Al Wilson.

8: 15 Basketball-Waterloo vs. , Mercy College.

10: 15 This week at the pub-Paul Languille. lo:30 Music with Dave Preston and Jack Langer.

Midn. Music with Bill Chaiton.

Wed:

Feb. 19

9:00 Music with Rick Armstrong.

Noon Perspectives-UN. 12:15 Music with Ewen Brock. lehurst.

3:00 Rest of the news.

3:15 Music with Pam Newman.

5:30 Political realities: the American .oil industry in Canada-John Richards, MLA Saskatchewan. world around 6:00 The us-Jacques Roy on Angola (pad 2).

‘

I

6:30

Music Steve 9:00 Guitar 9:30 Music strong.

Midn. Music Thurs.

with Dave Horn and LaGear. player magazine. with Bruce Armwith Ian Layfield.

Feb. 20

Noon Rest of the news 12: 15 Music with Neil Green and Joe Belliveau. theory 3:00 Revolutionary post-Allende; part 2-The European reaction., 3:15 Music with David Buckingham.

6:00 Regional government-Ernie Ritz, major of Wilmot township.

6:30 Music with Bob Valiant and Hans Zschach.

9:00 Crawdoodah gazette of the air-Firesign Theatre.

9:30 Music with Ivan Zendel.

Midn. Music with Larry Starecky.

Fri.

Feb. 21

9:00 Music with Dean Purves.

Noon BBC world report.

12:15 Music with Tim Bowland.

2:45 Agency for International Development.

3:15 Music with Phil Rogers.

6:00 The world around us-Dr. Stemglass on radiation.

6:30 Music with Peter Chant.

8:00 Warriors hockey. lo:30 The Mutant hour (and a half) with Bill Wharrie.

Midn. Music with Gord Swatters.

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february

14, 1975

_.

Guelph student blasts grading GUELPH (CUP)-In a move that may have repercussions in all Canadian universities a student at the University of Guelph is appeal- ’ ing a course failure to the civil courts on the grounds that he was denied natural justice by the university .

The student, Greg Murray, says that the official mechanism of the university for deciding student grading\ appeals does not provide the student with the right to a fair hearing according to the legal defmition of natural justice.

Murray has received both moral and financial backing from the Guelph student’s council in launching his action against the university, and according to student council gresident Tim Hawkins, “the faculty are up in arms about it.”

Murray received a failing grade in a course last semester and launched an appeal’ of the instructor’s decision through the usual mechanism.

This consists of an initial informal meeting between the student, the instructor, and the department chairman.

If they are unable to reach an agreement then the student has the right to appeal to the student petitions committee, a sub-committee of the university senate.

The student petitions committee meets in closed session, does not allow the student to make a direct representation on his/her behalf, does not permit the student to call or. cross-examine the instructor whose judgement is questioned or to be represented by counsel. The committee gives no statement of reasons for its decision and the decision itself is final.

The only access a student has to the committee is to write a letter explaining the reasons for the appeal.

The precedent-making nature of the case stems from an act passed in 1971 by the, Ontario legislature which says that any denial of benefits or rights which are themselves conferred by statute can only be done if an appeal procedure embodying the principles of “natural justice” is made availdble.

The act, the Statutory Powers Procedures Act, has never been tested in the courts as far as its applicability to university appeal proceedings is concerned.

Universities have taken the position that the act does not cover such cases.

If the case of the Guelph student is upheld the university might not only have to change its appeal procedures but all appeals rejected since the act came into existence in 1971 may be questioned.

According to Hawkins the university has indicated that it is determined to fight the case in court, even if appeals to overturn adverse rulings are necessary.

Hawkins says the president of the university faculty association has already _contacted him to see if the case could be dropped and a fairer appeal mechanism established.

Hawkins says, the faculty are “generally up in arms about the matter” because they feel that giving stuents the right to due process in appeals would jeopardize the “flexibility” of the faculty.

The position of Hawkins and the student council is that this “flexibility” simply means in practice that students have no proper way of appealing subjective grading decisions of faculty and that its elimination would not do harm to student interests s

friday,

february

the chevron

14, 1975

Research:

“Way

down”

Research money at UW is “way, way down”, according to Ernest Holmes, UW director of research administration.

The situation could be disastrous for graduate students who are especially dependent on research funds for employment.

The total of research funds has actually decreased since 1969 even though the university’s enrollment has increased significantly since that year. The value of these funds has been further eroded by raging inflation rates of recent years.

Last year, grants totalled $5 ‘million, with the engineering faculty obtaining the largest share while both the mathematics and sciencefaculties received the next largest. Meanwhile, the arts faculty received a very small proportion of the research funds.

Holmes is hopeful that his office will be able to improve the situation.

His office has the responsibility of locating support for researckthrough grants and contracts.

Monies are received from such organizations as Canada council, the national research council, and all levels of government and private industry.

The recent provincial c_utbacks in education spending is indirectly leading to less research on campus. Holmes told the chevron much of the university’s lab and workshop equipment is out of dateor in need of repair. “There just isn’t the money from provincial sources there used to be to ensure we have good equipment”, he said.

Holmes further pointed out that the engineering, mathematics and science faculties all receive funds for the use and upkeep of workshops.

However, funds for research, particularly in arts, do not take account for the upkeep and use of the library.

These funds are particularly essential for research conducted in the arts faculty which is supported by such outside sources as Canada council and arts council and utilizes the library much more than other faculties.

Holmes said the university is expected to provide the service of the library free-of-charge for contract and grant research. He also feels this is unfair for the university and UW should receive compensation for library service.

Holmes is optimistic about the university receiving more research funds than last year. However, though the total of research money may . be larger, the value of the funds will be eroded by inflation, he added.

-michael

yThe mellcjw ’

gordon

students

Whatever happened to the ardent student radicalism of the late sixties?

Mellowed? Who knows? Butone thing for sure, it seems that incoming U.S. first-year students are definitely more conservative than their counterparts of 10 years-ago.

A study of 311,950 first-year students at 376 institutions conducted by the American Council on Education (ACE) indicates that 55 percent consider themselves “middle-of-the-road” and nearly one third believe that the “activities of married women are best confined to the home and family”.

Results of the study, published in the Jan. 20 issue-‘of Newsweek, indicate the first-year students surveyed have less interest in politics than in any similar class since 1966 and that over half believe “there’s too much concern in the‘courts for the rights of the criminals.”

The percentage who consider themselves “conservatives” stayed at a constant 14.7 percent, but the students seem to have lost faith “that anything can ever be done- about politics itself or about problems that require political action”, said one ACE official.

The students weren’t particularly worried about finding the money needed to pay for their college education, but that’s understandable given that‘ only 25 percent were receiving government grants” (57.8 percent in black private colleges), and a staggering one third listed family income exceeding $20,000 per year.

Feds looking

for feds

Nominations for the upcoming Federation of Students council elections on Feb. 26 have been extended to next Wednesday due to a lack of nominees. Nominations were to have been in Wednesday, and the lack of response has been disappointing, if not embarassing, for federation officials.

Dave Kalley, assistant to the chief returning officer told the chevron that “there would not be proper representation of the campus with the number of acclamations we have now.” Kalley felt that the lack of nominations stemmed from a lack of advertising of the upcoming election and the apathy of students regarding the federation. Never in the history of the federation has there ever been such a dismal lack’of nominations for student council elections.

If only the present number of people ran for a position on council, there would just barely be quorum, assuming everyone would’attend all the meetings.

As of Wednesday the only faculties where there would have been elections were the engineering, arts, regular environmental stu&es and science faculties. Acclamations would have been declared in co-op math, integrated studies and at Renison college. There were no nominations for representatives for co-op environmental studies, human kinetics and leisure studies, and St. Jeromes.

-michael gordon

Like a quilting.

3

bee q

If the Elora Heritage Festival sounds like a quilting bee, you have not been reading enough posters.

This Saturday, Elora (complete with gorge) is on display. During the day, you can travel by snowshoes on an ecological tour of the park, cross country ski on your own, skate on the mill pond in an old fashioned costume, enjoy a historical bus tour of Elora and Salem, sculpture snow or shop for arts and crafts.

The evening features more skating, the Elora Optimists club vs UW in a broomball game and three dances: one at the Legion; one at the Village Inn and a square dance.

If you want a complete schedule of events or information about bus transportation to and from campus&en read the posters in the environmental studies building. And, if you have never seen a quilting bee, the Elora Heritage Festival has that too.

-brute

jamieson

A dog skating? What next? The skating K-W residents the chance to exercise

rink at Victoria Park has finally their snowbound muscles.

survived s

a period

West Indians are not the largest immigrant group so‘why are they the target of this new policy, he asked?

Bains views it as an attempt to maintain the. French/English ratio in the country at a stable level and to split up the other groups by singling out a certain section for a racist attack.

This strategy is not new according to Bains and he cited some historical examples to prove his case: r In 1885 there was an attempt to limit Chinese immigration by imposing a $50 tax on them. By 1902 they had to pay $500 before they would be allowed to enter Canada. l In the nineteenth century East Indians were prohibited from coming to this country.

But between 1902 and 1906 four thousand managed to take advantage of a British ruling which allowed any member of its armed forces to apply for entry to Canada. This was followed by a law which prevented them from bringing their families over.

Rumours were spread that the East Indians were dirty, lived in- squalor and were always on welfare.

A commission showed none of these allegations to be true. There was a&o a policy brought out that all East Indians should be given $500

Crop pesticides I blasted by prof I Scientists are beginning to realize the harmful impact bf certain agricultural practices on the environment. c According to Dr. D.W. Hoff-man, Director of the Centre for Resource Development, University of Guelph, the overuse of pesticides and herbicides is changing the environment and breaking down the food chain associated with agriculture.

Addressing a public lecture on the use of fertilizers and their environmental effects, Hoffman said: “Herbicides are absorbed into the soil where they are eaten by insects and birds and become part of the food chain causing environmental degradation.

This is the case when DDT was used and became part of the food chain of milk.”

The use of fertilizers is the result of the need for the increase in productivity.

“There are 80 million mouths in the world to feed every year’ ’ , he commented.

At present, the cheapest way to“ insure crop failure is not to use fertilizers. “In Eastern Ontario, eleven counties used seven lb. an acre. You might as well as spit on the land in terms of productivity”, Hoffman said.

The increased use ,of fertilizer should be done in conjunction with a soil test programme to insure the soil will not be “burned’.’ by an improper amount of chemical elements.

The whole question of the proper use of fertilizer to a large extent depends upon “following the directions’ ’ . “In most cases, when peo-. ple see the directions to use one ounce, they usually use two ounces or better following the thinking that two ounces are better than one without considering environmental degradation”, Hoffman said.

In a world soon to be facing a food shortage, it seems to be expedient to so do. “The years 1972-3-4 are considered disastrous vcrop years. Food and energy are becoming critical issues. Some are considering that gasoline should be used for tractors rather than automobiles.“, Hoffman said.

The food producing nations are facing moral and ethical questions in regard to feeding the world.

“Agriculturalists are saying nuts to others and discouraging growth.

The starving in other countries are considered to be the problem of. their own country. If we are growing to feed the world, we must change our management practices”, he stated.

Agriculturists must become aware of air, water and soil pollution. “If we are going to preserve the quality of the environmentin a world that has reached the limits of growth, there must be a balanced programme between agriculture and the environment”, Hoffm.an concluded.

-jay

roberts

to provide

Photo by jim carter

Green paper racist “The Canadian government’s immigration policy has never been humanitarian, ’ ’ said Hardial Bains, chairman of the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist), at a meeting last Friday. The meeting, sponosored by the Anti-Imperialist Alliance, the International Students Association and the Pakistani Students Association, was held to discuss the government’s latest Green Paper on immigration.

Green Papers are issued to the public and organised groups in the hope that discussion will take-place and that the government will receive some feedback on prospective legislation. The message that CPCML will give is that this paper is racist.

Bains’ main point is that the papers objective is not to control immigration but a certain type of immigrant namely East Indians, Pakistanis and West Indians. He says that this paper defines immigrant as someone who is not from Britain, France or traditional areas.

Since Indians, Pakistanis, and West Indians are not in any of these categories they are being discriminated against. Bains argues that if the law is to limit immigration then why does it not apply to Britain, since the largest number of immigrants come from there. Asians and

of poor servicing

’ and shipped to British Honduras.

The East Indians refused to go.

Another policy was that East Indians could only enter Canada if they came on a ship from an Indian port directly to Canada. There was no direct route at that time, however, a group hired a ship to bring people direct from India to Vancouver. When it laid anchor the RCMP refused to allow the Indians to come ashore.

-

i

In the nineteen forties the were subject to harsh discrimination and were put inside concentration camps. _ The West Indians have never {een formally recognised as immigrants. They are used as cheap labour on the tobacco farms and as domestic servants. iapanese

l In 1972, there was much noise about blacks coming to the country, said Bains, but not a murmur about those with white skins.

Bains went on to counter the argument that to allow more Asian and West Indians to come to the country would stretch Canada’s absorptive ability.

The fear that this would create racial tension and discrimination is false he said, since such things exist anyway without immigration e.g. the discrimination suffered by the Native People and ~-the Quebecois.- --- ---_ -____ _ “Racism is a reflection of the ruling class,” said Bains.

When Monopoly Capitalism goes into crisis it always looks for a scapegoat and that is what this Green Paper amounts to. It is aimed at exploiting the social contradictions within society. Social contradictions to Bains are Whiteblack and English - French discrimination.

But he is thankful to the govemmerit for this “racist attack” because it will “make the East Indian, Pakistini and West Indian communities unite and struggle as brothers against it .”

He is confident that this proposed government policy can be defeated because the Canadian people are not racist. “They have not reached the same level (of racism) as in the U.S.” Also such racism has been defeated in the past. F&- example in Britain, in 1965, when the govemment brought out harsh immigration policies, and the Indian Pakistini and West Indian communities united against it. And in 1974 the Swiss government held a referendum on immigration in the hope that the people would allow it to send all immigrants home, but 7% of the Swiss voted against such a policy.

Bains urged people to read the Green Paper, which he described as “pathetic and very poorly researched”.

He said his party would bring out a more detailed criticism very soon.

A motion was passed by those at the meeting that “this body resolves to organize against the policies of the racist Canadian Immigration Department.” _

-neil

docherty

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in CC great .Fqrbin PC& ‘\ *

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Free. coffee, speqch and kipfuls. ‘Music $y !$hirley Dorsch.

9;12pmy.’ CC dof-

Pub OeenSat noon,

“Paul Laqguille”-from aftek I T 61jm.

l-4pm.

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---

Campus.Centre

.

Museum

SUI

‘&et with o&& who : “Women s Imal 40 -have liyed. or.’ trayelfed in. @eece,- _ at the earnbridge YwCA.22pm. ; Thorn?

St. (Gait). , , (or want to) 7;iOpin.

Wc$d rodin .’

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-r’ ’ .-I I >8I Fihn *-eview. E4. . lo”ung&--&on. <. .-.’ ’ 7 i(til . %.Lewh’, Dlio .iti. Theatre, of the. . aC@il .departmept -tour. 2pni leaves A@s8:15PEl, $3,.FtudedF. $! :50:~ E4 foyer. _ >. “datcg& : t Feder?tion Flicks‘AdveIjrtprein Blue”‘. 8pin. E-L. 101. with Alan Arkin atid &ithony -Per- L-, ‘5oc. ,‘~.- \ 1‘ , , . , * kins; Q’ti in AL$l16.Feds $l., _ non-Fed$.SO. _ ._1 - - _ -, I ‘-. Free mitiight molvie in @ ‘@eat\ \ ! ^ hall-. lforget “Can Hieronymotis Scavenger. Hunt ends spi. Regist- .IL,ever Mercy HumppeMerkinand ratio* and details in Eng,- Sot. &- ,,’5 find< true Happiness”. \ ( ficec, &&&g,

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- - a5 ’ _ _ ‘_ .-- ;,I, 1 ,, 1 ‘li

June a play

b$ Kurt -Vonnkgut Jr. Humanit@ ?li&~e.

8pm. $1- SO, students $1.

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Federaiion Flicks-‘ ‘Pat Garrett s/‘ A’i and Billy the Kid’” with Kris Kr;i$- _, city tofferson and Bob Dylan. 8pm.'AL council wilr speak on “‘Women 116. Feds-$1, non-feds $1.50, -.

Decision-Makers in Politics”. _ 1:3Op1& I&tcheier Public Library Campus Centre. Pub opens noon.

Gallery.-‘ -! _ : ._ __{ii’ ’ :.’ 1 1:: Ii_‘Paui Lang yi$? 3 $r&@ 9+&+- 5Q$ I after .6pm. -.

- . /) \ &_ _I % f Film p&view. @4 lounge. ‘Noon. \..

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in E4qlounge. Noon. \ _ ’ Slide I&&. c&test.

2:30pm ii E4 , foyer. ,,-\ ’

2pm : Fihn

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Boat

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,Races. ‘8:30p~>Glenbri&.

Free Midnight, movie in Ck gre& .! $2.50 -per <team. Re&trat-ion in hall. ‘“The Grounds&r .Conspi-: Eng. Sot. office, 255 admission. racy”,. ’ ‘Frye .m&ikhi ‘m&ie -in’ CC igreat ’ . hall. YTtiins of Evil’ ’ . ’ Wednesdajl ~-i . * Remkei Kooistra Disc&ion Group, . * “The structure of Ithe church” Xpm. E3 1 101. Office,,houfs lo-2pm Ftidays. v_ NH/2367. . * I. ‘.. -. _ ‘. I M$eti&

.of Games

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.&. Arch&s.

$4pm and 6-9pm. MC 6032. : _ ! ,, .’ \’ \ r---c._-’ , ‘. *C&z@Li&ati& coffee .hotise. CC J-35, -I&&one weltiome. : . I, \, Janigan, .,j:,. :. .’ > tiaaka-legal &si&mce.

Prbviding + .? ~ ^ free :non-r>rofessional legal advice. f’br stude& 2-5pm. CC? 1,06. Call-:, LONDON (CUP)-A ‘.rwrap@d 889spio lyy ext. 3846. ,I: packag-k, “‘cont@ninga, loaded, / ..; .. . sawed-qff sl@g~~n, ,a@dre,ss&d -to : UniyeSsity pf Western student C&pus &n&e db opens- n&i: Paul L+nguiile fy& 9-la&.

50’~ coup&-lgresident,Mike Jani&ap was *-* found by a, studenthere on Jan. 19. I after 6pm. . ’ ’ According to po&e, the .b&byHiin_- preview in E4 lotinge ., Noon. -., trap could ‘have kill&d ?r maimed . , . anyo”rie *who ha’ndled; opened; or ’ Che&& & Systems department drop,ped the package: s + - .

The ,deyice bore a label reading, > tours. 2tirn tour leaves’E4 ‘foyer: ?‘If found retutimmediately to the &t y&r hght . &ctio_ns Kd6110. ’ ’ University &dentsvCoun& from )_MC faculty l.ounge 5136 at 8:‘30 pm.

Michael Janigan.?. .y i , r -Janigan said that he knew of no * ’ ‘one who would want ts kill him.

Thursday Stratfotd Festival Ensemble pres- ,Somethtig like that was’ ‘“really ents “Poulenc Sextet’?:.,32:30pm. outSide the realm of what’the stu* -Theatre-of the Arts, Free. dent cougcil deals in”, he said.

Police responded to the%@ from. .. / .-the student who fbund the !8;inch ‘. JOriintal fiance, Club.:‘ Learn Chifi&e classical .and folk dances -parcel lying beside ;1water fquntain under the directidnof Aneli Super. in a college wild&g.

-I . i 7-1Opm. Warld.‘Ro~~m CC 207. Forensic tests revealed that the B:* weapon had beeq biped ‘cle,ari D-f r . ’ : f&g&prints and other clue$ which \ /’ Waterloo christian fellowship meets ,,at 9:iOpti. in CC 113 fortheir des- .- could-letid tp the person or pgfsons _ sert meeting.. This w&ek the topic ,ie>ponsible ‘fdr the. package. . . “i.& “‘The Third Forld: a Christian s Police:say, they1 &e \‘“-zlt. a dealtperspective.”

by John M&@lltim..,. end” iti their investigatibn. .I ’ _ , /I ’ , 2,.

Christian,

-

-A Roman Catholic Archbishop from Brazil speaking to God (“Father”) about “a handful oppressing the great majority” and “our Brother Christ” before five thousand people -in Saint Paul’s Anglican Church, Toronto?

-A Protestant churchman confiding how a business person in his flock, who was angry until he heard some facts about world development, cautioned his-pastor supportively at the end of their discussion to take care in this work not to let himself be used by Communists”?

We are in the midst of something happening which includes a revolution (fundamental. drastic, extreme, basic social changes) on a world wide scale. The third “Ten Days for World Development” focussed this year on Latin America starting February l-10. It is an effort by leaders of five major Christian denominations in Canada to develop public awareness, through the c hurt h congregations, of the necessity for world liberation and. building a conscious world familyhood.

What is at stake is more than the manner and outcome of fundamental changes in our world’s social order and the way we live. Meetings attended for the Chevron during the week past in Toronto and Kitchener indicate a growing effort by organized Christianity worldw-ide, nationally and locally to become politically conscious and active.

‘Dom Helder Camara, Archbishop of Recife/Olinda in

ning

Y On february 4 the K-W Planned Parenthood and the Kitchener Public Library held their first programme of a series in accordance with International Women’s Year.

Margaret .I. Lommer of Toronto, the Assistant Director of the Family Planning Federation of Canada, spoke on the impact of family planning on the women’s movement.

Last August Lommel attended the World Population Conference in Bucharest which she found personally satisfying but regretted that the press had given it such negative coverage.

She found it puzzling why representatives from the Third World did not display much enthusiasm for birth control, since a country like Canada has recognized its population problems with its Green paper on Immigration.

It is unfortunate that Ms. Lommel could not have been here to attend Dick Gregory’s lecture.

A soft-spoken woman who shuns formality Lommel set the tone for a very informal discussion to -follow her lecture. The fact that two major issues, i.e. birth control and the status of women, are intertwined was stressed. She suspects that too many women, and men, are “jumping on the women’s lib bandwagon” without fully realizing that it is a real issue and that International Women’s Year will be the start of something and not the end.

A brief history was given of the transition of attitudes and behaviour from an agricultural to an industrial society and thus from the extended to nuclear family. Now the “chores” were rnore abruptly divided with the husband becoming the sole breadwinner in the all-important working world while the women were minding the house and the kids and not much else. As

soldiers

northeast Brazil and Latin America’s “Voice of the Third World” drew an overflow crowd to the Toronto Star’s public affairs forum in St. Lawrence Centre Toronto, February 3: “Is Our Foreign Aid Really Helping?”

Star moderator Fred Hotson muted struggle between! the panelists and audience but two things stood out: 1. Almost all panelists said radical changes are necessary in Canada’s world development (strike “foreign” and “aid”) effort, but stopped short of advocating armed struggle, the most popular revolutionary alternative.

In this company even the business representative seemed to try to lean liberally leftish. On the panel were Starveteran Hotson (“Some ask, is our aid “encouraging dependence on us?. . .supporting capitalism?“) CIDA’s (federal government) Lewis Perinbam (a “watershed in the world’s history”; “not material shortage but maldistribution,” . . . . .historical consequences of nearly 500 years of colonialism.“); Michael Lubbock of Canadian (business) Association for Latin America (“A change of heart is needed but we need practical ideas . . . .“); Tim Draimin, Latin American Working Group (“Who does foreign aid help?) ; Rev. Bruce McLeod, former United Church moderator (“We should be past “aid’‘-we’re a family”.

Criticized “life-boat ethics”); Rev. William Smith occasional interpreter); Dom Helder

a result the status of women became that of a second-class citizen.

The first “family planning” attempted, or rather the idea of sex without reproduction, met a great deal of resistance.

It was the suffragettes who advocated that without birth control, or a women’s control of her own body, women would never make it in other areas which required independence.

Ironically, in our present society many young women are still not using birth control devices whether through deprivation of knowledge due to poverty etc. or because where technology has changed attitudes have not.

Therefore, women must confront attitudes as well as changing laws equipped with this new freedom and luxury of birth control.

Due to poor advertising, the meeting was sparsely attended and perhaps as a result Lommel did not give as informative talk regarding the future as she did in a telephone interview with the K-W Record.

Here she advocated: Government funds for clinical services in all public health institutions.

Age of consent for familyplanning services to be ’ uniform in all provinces.

Sex education, including contraceptive information, to be incorporated in the curriculum from kindergarten up.

0 A national fertility study to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices.

Two Waterloo alderwomen Mary Jane Mewhinney and Marjorie Carroll will discuss women decision-makers in politics at the next programme Feb. 18 at the Kitchener Public Library at 1:30 to l

l

l

3:30.

-Shirley

holmes

~move left

Camara (“The problem is not to judge and condemn; we must seek better ways. Christians, above all, failed to see the social injustices behind the social order. . .It is man’sproblem. . .We must begin.”

Because “Canada has special conditions” it shares with poor countries, “we have a wonderful opportunity to face problems in different and ‘new ways.” “ . . .only way to present God in Christ is by facing human problems. . .We are as committed-to justice as we are to peace.“) Summarizing some of what they said about Canada’s foreign aid programme: It results -largely in more resources, by dollar value, leaving recipient countries than they receive aid. For example, a

Canadian government financed feasibility study for multinational corporate expansion paves- the way for intensified exploitation of the people and natural resources.

Trade:and investment-oriented credits support ruling class oriented industries (e.g. raw material extraction and militaryindustrial complex development) at the expense of the poor and with increased dependence on “developed” capitalist countries for further technology, markets and capital -all problems which we have here in Canada, The effect seems to be to draw participating countries ever tighter into a cycle of exploitation, poverty and dependence on imperialist “aid”.

2. Dom Helder’s gently elec-

tric presence permeated and uplifted the mood and moral tone of the meeting: “I don’t feel that God was wrong in Creation; the earth has possibilities for -all of ’ mankind.”

This atmosphere prevailed even when he failed to satisfy audience critics of his line of “moral force” in preference to “force of arms,” concientization not -guns. Citing Chile, a questioner said “we have to go by the sword” and quoted Pope Paul VII’s Populorum Progressio opposing revolutionary violence “save in a country where there is longstanding tyranny.““Is this Brazil?”

Camara stuck to pacifist guns, “I believe in the justice of truth, of continued

on page

Pan-African termed racist A story among South African blacks goes that a West Indian, just arrived in Cape Town, went to one of the African townships and spoke at one of the “soap-box oratory” sessions there on a hot Sunday afternoon.

He exclaimed to the gathered crowd that the difference Indian in between the “Red” North America and the African was that while the African mother carried her baby on her back with the baby facing forwards; the Indian mother also carried her baby on her back but with the child facing backwards.

For the crowd the point of the story was obvious: while the “Red” Indian as a people looked’ backwards to a dead past; the African people were looking ahead to the future.

While events in the past two years, both in Canada and the United States, would show that the Indian is actively working towards a less dependent future; the short history of independent Black Africa and its facade of unity would make one question whether the

West Indian’s parable has stood the test of time.

The “Symposium of Black Peoples” held here last Saturday dealt with “Pan-Africanism”; a term which in its short history has moved from representing the progressive spirit of Africa’s nascent nationalism to being an anachronism’masking the moral corruption of Africa’s indigenous elites.

Few concepts, then, serve betteras a departure point for a discussion of the African political scene than “ Pan-Africanism’ ’.

Professor Atu Sekyi-otu, a Ghanaian political scientist currently teaching at York University, attacked “Pan-Africanism” as the “great alibi for protecting the elites in individual countries.”

Atu’s talk was titled “The Death of Negritude: A Critque of Racial Conciousness” and effectively criticized those African intellectuals and politicians who have failed to transform racial and national conciousness into political and social conciousness.

Vandals hit cam.pus centre Vandalism in the campus centre has skyrocketed since the pub’was opened a month ago.

- Kathi Jellicoe, turnkey representative on the campus centre board (CCB), told the board rugs have been stolen, windows broken, vending machines have been trashed and pub patrons have vomited numerous times.

Vandalism is worse on Friday and Saturday nights just before the pub closes. Jellicoe told the board the turnkeys were finding it impossible to curb the vandalism and requested the problem be looked into.

Administration official Ed Knorr, another board member, complained of the recent disappearance of “a thousand dollar” vacuum cleaner and demanded some effort be made to retrieve it.

The vandalism has increased so rapidly during the last month that the damage cannot be covered by the board’s budget.

The board members felt the vandalism was a direct result from the rampant drunkenness of pub patrons in the campus centre pub.

Turnkey, Brad Keeler, felt “‘they

-

should not be allowed to get that drunk. There should be some way of curbing their drinking.”

Another board member suggested security officers should be stationed inside the pub to maintain order.

To solve the problem the CCB is calling for a special meeting next Wednesday.

Bill Decks, director of administrative services who has been the major mover behind the campus pubs and board of entertainment chairman Art Ram will be asked to attend the meeting.

Both officials are directly responsible for the management of the pub.

The pub management is responsible for any vandalism incurred inside the pub and must pay the campus centre board for the damages.

However any damages outside the pub area must be paid by the board.

The board is hopeful some kind of agreement, fair to both the pub management and the CCB can be worked out so the board doesn’t have to pay for damages caused by , pub patrons.

-michael

gordon

13

“The historical tragedy of Black humanity”, said Atu, “is that they have been dominated by race and have in turn made race the basis of their political thought. The politics of race takes its bearings not from what black peoples might do but what they have endured.”

Atu’s analysis couldn’t be more to the point.The African masses once dominated by European imperialists are now ruled by indigenous elites who administer the countries for their own ends.

The new native bourgeoisies have effected littlechange in the economy: the copper mines, the groundnut harvest, and the cocoa yield are still key sectors.

Although nationalization of foreign-owned industry has occurred in the even most reactionary nations, it simply transfers into native hands the unfair advantages of the old colonial rule. The national middle class becomes the new intermediary between a more subtle capitalism which dons its new mask of neo-colonialism.

In short, no fundamental changes in the societal hierarchy has ever been introduced.

Atu’s intellectual honesty was remarkably fresh for one of the noticeable characteristics of many African intellectuals is their aversion to self-criticism on the grounds of preserving racial solidarity.

“Post colonial-man”, said Atu, “is the same old nigger.” He went on to lament: “Black men today are now called ‘massa’ by other black men.”

Atu’s critique took in “Negritude” , a concept which spawned a whole literary movement and which played a useful role in raising black conciousness in the 1940’s and 50’s. For Atu the concept has outlived its use and has led to a bankrupt mentality which “gives outan embrace to the most reactionary leadership simply because they are black.” The poets of “negritude”.

Atu remarks, “propose to offer the spirit of negritude to the world; the same rhythm that keeps the rhythm of oppression intact .”

Even African politicians normally considered to be “left-wing” come under much abuse. “African Socialism has been grounded into a return to the traditional; into an attitude of mind and to a set of relations of production” Atu said. No doubt the tragic failure of Nkrumah in Ghana had a strong influence on Ghanaian Atu’s Marxist analysis1 -doug

ward

y

6

the chevron

Classif ied Classified ‘ads are accepted between 8 and 4 in the chevron of- fice. See the chevron secretary., Rates are 50 cents for the first fifteen words and five cents for each additional word Deadline is rioon Tuesdays. “_._ -

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FL0 ~ ----.. film -.-j stalled

OTTAWA (CUP)-A small Ottawa audience got to see a film on Feb. 1 that the CBC may not allow the rest of Canada to see.

The film, called “Action”, was made by Robin Spry of the National Film Board and concerns the events leading up to and during the October, 1971 crisis in Quebec and hthe imposition of the War Measures Act. The film was sent to the CBC last September for screening, but since then has been sitting on the shelf collecting dust while CBC officials try to figure out what to do with it.

Those usually in charge of mak-

ing the programming decisions seem to have bowed out on this one and the discussion of when, or if, the film is to be shown will likely go right to the top. So far, it has taken four months and there is still no decision in sight.

At a screening presented by the Ottawa Waffle it was apparent that the question in the minds of CBC officials certainly have nothing to do wit%h the technical quality, which is excellent, or the background research which is meticulous, or due to any overt pro-FLQ or separatist line, which is not evident.’ it might be that Ottawa is r(_.Instead ’

Warning: The Department of National Health and Welfare advises that danger to health increases with amount smoked.

tebruary

I 4,

I Y/b

‘,

concerned about the film because the analysis of the events leading up to and during the kidnapping of British high commissioner James Cross and Quebec cabinet minister Pierre Laporte is in complete accord with the government’s rationale. for imposing the War Measures .Act (WMA) .

If this sounds confusing, it is because Ottawa imposed the WMA on the country on the legal grounds that an “apprehended insurrection” existed in Quebec. But the same government tried throughout and after the incidents to paint a picture of the FLQ as being a small group of isolated fanatics who had . no popular base within the province, thereby discrediting the possibility that an insurrection did in fact exist.

The film does this by placing the October events in the context of the social and economic developments in Quebec during the post-war period, including the political machinations of Duplessis, Union Nationale, and Bourassa’s Liberof als, and the development separatism and separatist terrorist groups. ’ Most importantly, the film points out that the key to understanding the government’s reasons for imposing the WMA is the message contained in the FLQ Manifesto (i.e. workers of Quebec should localize the struggle against the anglo oppressors) and the\ wide support that it actually received among people in Quebec.

After the government had agreed as its single concession to Cross’s kidnappers that it would allow the manifesto to be read on television, it must have been surprised to learn that trade unions, separatist groups, student organizations and many common people were very sympathetic to the anti-anglo separatist message.

‘The film shows an enthusiastic crowd of Quebeckers packed into Jean Sauve arena in Quebec City the day after the broadcast, listening to respectable politicians and organizers calling for support for the principles enunciated by the FLQ even if they were less supportive of the-kidnapping tactic. Then at 4 a.m. the next day,, the WMA was called into force and the troops rolled into Quebec.

The point that is made i&he film is simply that the political, social and economic conditions in Quebec were such as to make the general populace less than hostile towards FLQ objectives.

The atmosphere of immediacy and crisis engendered-by the kidnapping made it feasible for separatist political leaders to actually organize the population into a force capable, if not of social revolution, of overthrowing the political regime which existed.

The imposition of the WMA which allowed the government to arrest likely organizers is seen in the film to be justified if survival of the government was to continue.

This is the legal ‘reason the government gave for imposing the WMA, its protestations about the FLQ having no support aside.

And since the justification of propping up the existing political regime in Quebec with Canadian troops is an uncomfortable question, this is why the CBC is less than anxious to have the matter raised as a public issue, and why Canadians may not get to see Robin Spry’s film-“Action.”

friday,

february

School

,

the chevron

14, 1975

causes

7

illiteracy

VANCOUVER (CUP)-Simon Fraser University president Pauline Jewett, says universities should,be blamed for a deficiency of stude?ts’ reading and writing skills.

Jewett said that communications between universities and primary and secondary schools are lacking.

However, she said she is not aware of any serious problems at SFU and has asked SFU deans to look into the literacy of their students and report back‘to her.

Meanwhile, University of British Columbia administration president ’ Walter Gage said he agrees with Jewett that a lack of communication I could be a reason for poor student literacy.

“There used to be a resentment of university people,” Gage said.

“The university used to get accused of trying to dictate curriculum -(to secondary teachers)“.

Gage said the influence of television and radio may have contributed’, to the problem.

“In this particular time I suppose people have not given enough emphasis to traditional skills and have gone in the opposite direction”, he said. ’ At the University of Victoria, English department head David Jeffrey said that students can’t comprehend the lectures they sit through because their vocabulary is so limited.

The literacy of some students at University of Victoria is so poor they can’t read their own textbooks, he said.

The administrators were commenting on the controversy surrounding a test to check whether students have an acceptable level of English writing skills in which only 55.3 per cent of the first year UBC students passed.

Quebecois

get aid break

_ MONTREAL (CUP)-Quebec students will get more aid next year and have less trouble getting it according to Martial Lemay, director of the Quebec Student Loans and Bursar@ Programme.

Lemay told an audience on the Loyola ‘campus of Concordia Univer_sity that the 1975-76 loan programme would eliminate the use of parental contributions to students in calculating loans and diminish the , importance of parents income in determining bursaries.

He also said that while there had been delays in the aid progranime recent& 3,000 replies had been mailed out, “that should clear up the backlyg.”

Over 53,000 loan applications were received this year and of that 88 pe’r cent received loans with 73 percent getting bursaries as well.

Lemay said the government would not completely remove consideration of parents income in making loans and grants because lower and middle income families expect the rich to support their children’s education.

The average parent is expected to contribute $300 towards his/her -, child’s education, down from $500 last year.

Nixon

will aid education

TbRONTO (CUP)-Education should be th& Ontario government’s most important area of expenditure provincial Liberal leader Robert Nixon told students at Ryerson Polytechnical Institute Feb. 5. ’ Nixon also said that there should be no tuition fees at post-secondary levels, but he was unwilling to put this even on the level of an “election promise.”

Instead he said that student assistance should be incrgased so that “it ‘is a 60 per cent grant and a 40 per cent loan” rather than the opposite.

If the Liberals came to power, Nixon said, the present Ministry of Colleges and Universities would be disbande’d in favour of a standing committee that would spend its time travelling the province talking to students, professors and administrators.

A Liberal governmept would emphasize the humanities in education, supporting progi.ammes such as languages, history and literature, he said.

Get a BA for $14,800 OTTAWA (CUP)-If the student groups who claim that the govemment intends to make students pay for the whole cost of their education through loans are right, then students are going to graduate in the future with a mammoth debt to repay.

Using Ontario as an example, the government currently estimates the basic cost per university student per year to be $2100 for the BA programme.

If tuitions were raised to this level, as the Ontario Federa-’ tion of Students predicts, and the living allowance of\$1600 per year were to remain constant, then the total amount that the student would have to borrow for a year’s worth of education would be a whopping 1 $3700.

That means that a student who was not independently wealthy would have to borrow $11,100 to get a three year BA, and $14,800 to complete an honours degree.

Students in’other programmes where coy;rrse costs are higher would have to borrow even more.

Article

hurts student

SASKATOON (CUP)-A forestry student at the Kelsey Institute of Arts and Sciences who had his marks lowered because of an article hea wrote in the campus paper has won an‘ appeal to have the marks upgraded to their original level.

The student, whose article appeared in the Jan. 16 issue of the Scanner, condemned U.S. imperialist control of Saskatchewan forestry industry and criticized the school for not teaching students anything about who controlled the forest industry.

As a result of the article, one of the student’s teachers deducted marks from his forestry class. The student protested to the Student Representative Council president who spoke to the school’s assistant principal.

Within a few days the sttident was informed his marks. would be adjusted upwards and that his democratic rights to say-what he wished would be honoured.

Radio strike%;> rl news cut .out ’ the CKLG strike to the head office VANCOUVER (CUP)-Allegations that broadcasters have cenin Toronto to be cleared before sored news reports about a Vansending it to member stations. couver radio -station strike has CKLG general manager, Don brought a call for a federal govemHamilton, is a director of Broadment investigation.

NDP MP Stu Leggatt, asked in cast News. the Commons Feb. 5 that labour The strike at Vancouver’s minister John Munro intervene in largest radio station began Feb. 1 the strike at CKLG radio and that when disc jockeys and newsmen Communications Minister Gerald walked- out of the station, locking Pelletier investigate the censorship doors behind them and leaving a allegations. union song and notice of strike Vancouver -staff members of playing on a tape. It took more than an hour for management techniBroadcast News (BN), the radio news arm of the Canadian Press, cians to hook up a temporary studio were directed Feb. 1 by general ’ at one of the transmitter sites to end mahager Don Covey, to send all the union broadcast. copy and voice material relating to Covey has said the order was

NDP .backs 0 student grants CALGARY (CUP)-The Alder’ta secondary institutions within the New Democratic Party has called province.

This commission would remove for the abolition of student loans and their replacement with a grant the control of post-secondary insystem adequate to support poststitutions from the department of secondary students through their advaQced education and restore a period of studies. greater measure of autonomy to the The proposal was pai? of a comvarious campuses. prehensive education policy The convention also called for adopted at the pre-election conventhe introduction of non-sexist edution held Jan. 31 to Feb. 2. cational material into Alberta NDP Leader Grant Notley, criticlassrooms. cized Alberta Premier Peter Sexist curriculum mat&-rial Lougheed’s government for. spendwould not be recommended by a ing even a smaller percentage of the NDP department of education. provincial budget on education Funding would be provided for the , than the Social Credit government development of alternative mater.* 1 , ever did. “The objective should lal. not be second class education. But The department of education the finest eduiation anywhere in would also provide money for Canada’ ’ , Notley said. community workshops to enable Included in the new Education women to develop an understandpdlicy statements were a series of ing of their own life experiences.

Delegates reaffirmed their conrecommendations. aimed at ending sexual and racial inequality in cern with educational policy in the present Alberta school curriculum . province of Alberta and referred and counselling practices. some motions for later debate inAs part of its post-secondary ‘eluding calls for the provisioti bf educational policy the NDP called improved and increased adult edufor the re-establishment of the unicational programmes and the aboliversities and colleges commission tion of fees for such extended progwith representation from all postrammes .

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given because there were tinanswered questions in the first -e-N reports of the strike and the order was cancelled Feb. 2. He denied any slant was put on the story.

Leggatt asked the matter to be debated in the House but his mo-, tion to do so failed to achieve the reguired unanimous consent.

Leggatt’s request came a day after Richard Hughes, a former Canadian Union of Public Employees organizer and current business agent for the striking local was charged with two counts of common assault arisitig from an incident on the pidket line Saturday, Feb. 1.

Hughes is scheduled to appear in provincial court Feb. 13. He was charged after scuffles occurred at the radio station’s door when management and non-striking workers . tried to enter.

The station obtained an injunction limiting the picket line to eight union members late Saturday night and by noon Sunday were able to get back into the station. Normal programming resumed then after several hour5 of a “commercial free weekend” (Non-union disc jocke/ys lacked commercial tapes at their temporary headquarters).

The strike began after the company, Moffat Communications Ltd., rejected a federai conciliation report recommendation that disc jockeys with two years experience be paid $300 a week.

Hamilton said on several occasions he is prepared to bring in strikebreakers from @her Moffat stations to keep the station on the air. So far only relief CKLG disc ’ jockeys, a few non-striking ones, and some promoted earlier to management jobs, are manning the station.

Hughes and CUPE have asked local advertisers to boycott the stations. The advertising agency for the provincial government cancelled all government ads shortly after the strike began.

Hughes also said several large advertisers including major department stores and restaurants, have pulled their ads fmm the station.

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The 7th Canadian Congress of Engineering Students (CCES) recently hosted by the University of Calgary and the Calgary Inn focussed on the social impacts of engineering.

Fbllowing last year’s Congress, held by a’ur own Waterloo Engineering Society, the 7th Congress brought together 120 engineering students from St. John’s to Vancouver in order that they could both listen to and question practicising engineers and others engaged in various multi-million dollar projects.

The first day of the Congress was spent discussing large natural resource projects in Alberta. Mr1 J. Harvie, Vice-President of Engineering and Operations for the Canadian Arctic Gas pipeline, explained how the cons@uction of the pipeline will influence the social structures of the native peoples in the area. In Mr. Harvie’s view the &flux of population associated with the pipeline construction will change the occupational patterns of the native peoples and generally in-crease their standard of living with

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also maintained that the pipeline construction was being scrutinized in -order to minimize the Harmful effects on the indigenous flora and fauna. This is to be achieved by revegetation of the scarred permafrost. Mr. Harvie also mentioned \that the pipeline construction will make maximum use of northern labour and resources.

Mr. Robert Blair, President of the Alberta Gas and Trunk Line Co., another speaker during the first day of the Congress, emphasized the desirability of Canadian financing and ownership of the development of their own natural resources. He asserted that allowing multi-national corporations to finance *and construct Canadian based projects meant that Canadians had no assurance of deriving the maximum benefit from those projects. Mr. Blair also stated that buying a 51 percent controlling interest after such projects were completed did nothing to alleviate this potentially disasterous situation. Mr. Blair agreed that raising sufficient Canadian capital from the private sector would be difficult but that with governmental help Canadian financing and ownership could become a reality. Questions from the delegates demanded that these two speakers give detailed accounts of how these projects intended to protect the Northern eco-system and what steps were being taken to ensure the Canadian ownership of these projects. /_ - Another speaker during the first day of the Congress was Mr. John Barr, Public Affairs Manager for Syncrude Canada Ltd. Mr. garr spoke on Syncrude’s part in developing the Athabaska Tar Sands and the city of Fort MacMurray.

The tar sands operation will increase the population of Fort MacMurray from 10,000 to 25,000 in a few years. Syncrude, said Mr. Barr, is financing development of service and recreational facilities to handle this boom. Housing shbrtages and a poor male-female ratio was also seen as a potential problem with which Syncrude wquld attempt to deal. .

When questioned by the students concerning charges that Syncrude had ignored Canadian suppliers Mr. Barr demaeded that such complainers should come forward. Mr. Barr maintained that foreign resources were used only when Canadian concerns could not sup-. ply them, Mr. Barr complemented the students on the topical and well prepared questions they presented, adding that he would have to rethink some of his’opinions on the

wonder how Mr. Barr and Mr. Blair could not keep from going fo_r each other’s throats o‘ver the issue of Canadian ownership of natural resources. The partners of Syncrude read like a Who’s Who of the multinationals.

Unfortunately this Article was written before Syncrude’s well publicized use of economic blackmail but we’re sure our engineers would have ha‘d a number of those “well prepared and topical- questions” of which Mr. Barr spoke so highly-chevron)

The second day of the Congress began with Bn explanation of the technical problems of the Olympics

by Mr. Eric Davies, Director of Results Systems for the organizing committee; followed in the afternoon by Mr. D. MacDonald of the Alberta Department of the Environment. In easily the most powerful speech of the Congress Mr. MacDonald roundly condemned technology for the environmental and sociological destruction it has caused and urged a restructuring of the undergraduate engineering curriculum in order to make the engineer aware of these problems and thereby helping to minimize them.

MacDonald angered many in attendance who felt he was overstating his case. They felt that the solution to fhe problems illustr’ated

by Mr. MacDonald lay within the modification of their projects in order to minimize ecological and sociological damage rather than a change in or the abolishment of the technobgy itself.

This in fact seemed to represent the majority view of the delegates to the Congress. Most of the students’ questions concerned a request for particular details on how large- projects intended to lessen the harmful effects of technology rather than a demand for a Eethinking of the whole idea of technological progress. Other seminars dealt with-urban planning, the James Bay Project, the Spadina Expressway and the legal responsibilities of engineers.

The morning of the last day of the four day Congress saw the delegates present their papers and discuss a number of different resolutions. Waterloo discussed the social impact of the four solutions to the K-W water resource problem presently under discussion by the municipality.

I_t was also resolved that the undergraduate curriculum should include inter-faculty projects to familiarize engineers with the social and ecological impact of their work. When the 8th CCES meets it will be at Memorial University in St. John’s Newfoundland. ’ -dave

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Mr. Rowat also included some rather horrifyiiig tales of-the Waterloo delegation’s extra curricular activities.-The chevron feels that it has _ a moral _responsibility to its young reader;, many of whom are away from home for the first time and therefore declined to print them.

INVOLVED + WITHTHE CANADIAN nYRMED I!!1 rORCES.

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Hawk obviously represents the business point of view. These same native peoples might object at being classified as “underdeveloped” and therefore backward.

Many of the leaders of :these native peoples see far less beneficial results of pipeline construction-chevron .) Mr. Harvie

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problems that the students had pointed out. (We could not help but

a resultant reduction of illiteracy and other problems associated with an underdeveloped society.

(Mr.

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The following article is an edited version of a two-part report [bat appeared in the De‘cember and january issues of Puerto Rico Li bre, the bulletin of the Puerto Rican decolonization committee, Box 7240, Peter Stuyvesant Station, New York, N.Y. 70009.

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NEW YORK (LNS)-A hitherto secret report from the Governor of Puerto Rico’s economic policy group which talks openly and directly about alternatives available for reducing the numbers of the Puerto Rican working class by means of the massive sterilization of Puerto Rican women has recently, surfaced in the United States.

Entitled “Opportunities for Employment, Education, and Training’ yand dated November, 1973, the report cites the problem of unemployment, and discusses’as its main solution the need to “reduce the growth of the working sector” of the population. Its line of attack focuses on the mas_ sive sterilization of Puerto Rican women as . the principle solution.

Numerous studies place the number of Puerto Rican women of child-bearing age who have already been sterilized at 35 per cent. According to the Puerto Ric.an demographer Dr. Jose Vasquez Calzada, 35.3 !: per cent of Puerto Rican women between the ages of 20 to 49 years have been sterilized.

This makes the incidence of sterilization \in Puerto Rico the highest in the world.

India and Pakistan, for example, which have public sterilization programmes, have an estimated sterilization rate of 5per cent . and 3 per cent respectively.

And a study done at the University of Puerto Rico, based on the Master Sample Survey of the Department of Health (conducted quarterly to investigate medical aspects of the island’s population) shows that / it is indeed the working class which is being reduced.

The highest rate of sterilization occurred among the $4,000-$5,000 per year income bracket. Forty-three per cent of women in this group had been sterilized.

The study also distinguished within the white collar bracket between “professional’ ’ and ‘ ‘non-professional workers’ ’ showing the rate of sterilization to be much higher among “non-professional workers.”

The population studies also showed that ’ almost two-thirds of the women had been sterilized between the age of 20-29.

Ninety-two per cent were sterilized before the age of 35 years making the average age for sterilization26 years of age. Comparative studies by Harriet B. Presser show that Puerto Rican women are among the youngest women in the world to be, , sterilized. ’

’ Sterilization today , Under the heading of “Organization and Focuses of Family *Planning,” the government’s November, 1973 report estimated the female population of childbearing age outside of San Juan to be 485,948 and showed that at least one-third of that number have already been sterilized.

“In other words,” continued the report, “of the 485,948 women of reproductive age living in Puerto Rico-except in the area of San Juan-160,363 are sterilized.

This leaves a potential clientele of 325,585 women.. . ” The women of San Juan are to be handled through a “model project” controlled -by the School of Public Health of the Unive,rsity of Puerto Rico.

According to Dr. Antonio Silva, secretary of family planning of the department of health, there are no longer any restrictions on sterilization such as a women’s age or whether or not she has any children. In today’s “voluntary” programme, sterilization is available to everyone in free clinics set up by the department of health.

The New York Times reported, Nov. 4, 1974, that 19 free sterilization clinics had opened up that year in Puerto Rico outside of San Juan. The clinics were said to “have been operating at a top capacity programme of about 1,000 sterilizations per month.”

The Commonwealth government makes sure that the clinics will keep operating at top capacity each month. An extensive referral system, which is centralized through the department of health, has been set up to feed “clients” into the free sterilization clinics.

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Sterilization ’ b in *Puerto Rico In addition, the family planning programme of the department of health has been integrated with the programme of mothers and children and is now being carried out by doctors and obstetric nurses.

Once the mothers have given birth, they are given appointments to return “as much to treat them medically as to make available contraceptive methods and the possibilities of sterilization”, according to the report.

This method has paid off in the past.

According to Harriet B. Presser’s study “The Role of Sterilization in controlling Puerto Rican Fertility”, most sterilizations have been done immediately after a woman gives birth. A major factor contributing to this is that at least 90 per cent of Puerto Rican births now occur in hospitals.

Hospitals in Puerto Rico are substantially financed by the United States government. The entire medical apparatus in the island was developed by doctors who ~ were trained in the U.S. “Many physicians thought ,” reports J.M. Stycos in “Female Sterilization in Puerto Rico”, “and still think, that contraception .methods are too difficult for lower class Puerto Ricans ‘and ‘regarded post-partum sterilization as the most feasible solution to the (population) problem.”

This racist attitude of doctors is incorporated into hospital policy. As part of her doctor’s training in Puerto Rico in the 1950’s, one student was told that any pregnant woman who came into the hospital for a delivery who already had two or more children must have her tubes tied after giving birth. This was standard procedure, checked afterwards by another doctor to make sure that it was carried out.

Private hospitals also have an exceptionally high incidence of sterilization in proportion to deliveries.

Pre,sser cites one hospital that had to reduce its sterilizations to 25 per cent of all deliveries because of outside pressure. *And feeding into the department’ of ,

health programme, just in case it misses anybody, are programmes which refer people from the department of social services and the department of housing. So ,people applying for housing, or, welfare, or food stamps find themselves receiving “orientation, education, and motivati&r” towards sterilization and then being referred to the department of health.

In addition, the department of health is working with the department of education in establishing a curriculum of population and sex education in high schools.

And the “private” Family Planning Association also serves as a recruitment and follow-up agency to the department of health ‘programme.

The association is involved in a wide propaganda campaign that preaches the philosophy that overpopulation is at the root of all evil and especially at the root of poverty.

The report stresses, “those who suffer most from a condition of excess population are the groups with the least income and smallest amount of education.”

The Family Planning Association-a so-called private agency -receives $750,000 of its $900,000 budget from the department of heahh, education and welfare.

Sterilization and economics

Since its invasion of Puerto Rico in 1898, the U.S. has maintained virtually complete control over the island’s development.

Until 1952, the governor of Puerto Rico was appointed by the president of the United States and had veto power over a local house of representatives.

Civil services, ’ armed forces, police, mail, citizenship, trade ’ agreements, school, media, and economic programmes were under U.S. supervision.

I The establishment of the Commonwealth Government in 1952 in no way altered this arrangement.

The U.S. congress still maintains ultimate veto power over . \

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any law passed by the Puerto Rican Government, and any law passed by congress automatically applied to Puerto Rico.

What the Commonwealth government did do was facilitate the influx of U.S. corporations in a rapid industrialization programme during the fifties in a programme called Foment0 which transformed Puerto Rico from a sugar economy to one of the most highly industrialized countries in the world. United States corporations own 85 per cent of the industry on the island.

One third of this industry, or $1.3 billion, is made up of petroleum and petrochemical industries. Recently the biggest petroleum and petrochemical companies on the island, CORCO, Union Carbide, Gulf Oil, and Pittsburgh Plate Glass have all announced major expansions.

These-industries produce basic and intermediate products for export to the United States. Satellite industries-which produce finished products-have been promised by the colonial government for years, but have never materialized.

Recently re-instated plans for a petroleurn super-port and for stripmining the central mountain ranges copper deposits would mean the virtual take-over of the Puerto Rican economy by heavy industry.

Heavy industry requires large amounts of capital invested in complex machinery with a relatively small workforce.

Puerto Rico now has an official unemployment rate of !12.5 per cent. (Unofficial per cent estimates place it at 30 per cent with a forecast of 18.5 per cent by 1985.) This is in a country where the cost of living is 25 per cent higher than the United States and the 1 wages< are substantially lower.

The United States, investing huge amounts of capital in heavy industry on the island, is faced with a dilemma. How will it solve the problem of increasing ynemployment and instability which, with a rapidly growing movement for independence, could threaten U.S. hegemony?

The “solution put forth -by the colonial\ government’s report is to get rid of the excess \ working population.

Population control: a U.S. theory

During the thirties in the U.S., population control research ,was being carried on by the Rockefeller Foundation.

Theories were circulating expressing the general idea that economic problems in underdeveloped countries were really problems of too many people. They claimed that if only the population growth could be controlled, ’ the standard of living would rise.

The population theories, notes the-North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA) newsletter entitled “Population Control in the Third World”, had, and still have strongly racist roots. They are based on the concept of safeguarding the superior white civilization from the crude and inferior “underdeveloped” world which threatens to overwhelm the globe with its --I “population explosion”.

The U.S., a strong international proponent of population control, carries out programmes throughout the Third World.

Most of these, according to NACLA, are , financed by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID).

Some AID programmes, such as the “Family Planning Insurance” in Costa Rica, offer money in return for sterilization.

In other instances, such as in the case of Puerto Rico, the U.S. simply threatens to withdraw medical aid financing unless the government involved is carrying out a population control programme .’

-The evidence in Puerto Rico adds up to a frightening picture. Thousands of women are sterilized each month, at a young age, through a carefully planned government network.

Welfare women, people receiving medical aid and people who want hous- , ing are all receiving special “orientations” , towards sterilization.

Hospitals which are otherwise noted for I poor medical care are carrying on,a mammoth population control programme.

The Puerto Rican people, who have inadequate wages, and face food shortages, skyrocketing prices and unemployment, are offered free sterilization along with the idea that Puerto Rico’s economic problems are problems of overpopulation.

Even the term “sex education” takes on a sinister connotation of young people being prepared with “population theories” for future sterilization.

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.means that malaria, or ch,olera, or even a If ad cold, can kill you.

Chronic malnutrition means the end of hope. It reduces human beings to the level of animals, ready

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how the Green /?evo/utionhas and then argues that the situa- . part of a complex w&l4 crisis energy, development iind ararticle was reprinted from the

by Jon Tinker ‘< It seems only yesterday that we could rely on the UN’s Food and Agriculture-Organisation to drown . j any suggestions of a world food crisis with enthusiastic statistics on fertilisers, pesticides and high-yield rice. Not-any more. The Green Revolu._ tion has failed. Almost overnight, FA0 has abandoned the facile optimismof the early 197Os, and replaced it-with the terminology -of disaster. “History records more acute shortages in individual ‘warns the main report to the World _ countries”, & Food Conference which opens in Rome this week, ‘ +but it is doubtful whether such a critical food-situa, <ion has ever been so worldwide”. ’ So what went wrong? 1,n 1972, the weather was appalling in six subcontinents at once. The USSR,‘ China~ India, Australia; the Sahel and SE Asia all had abysmal harvests. For the firsttime in over two decades, world cereal production did not rise by its accustomed 25 megatons a year. Instead, it fell by 33 megatons. Russia, which after previous bad ,harvests had merely tightened its belt, made heavy imports of wheat. And by an evil mischance, Canada and the United States. had chosen this period to embark ona major rundown of their grain surpluses.

Not surprisingly, world food: reserves slumped.

Over the last three years, wheat stocks have fallen . from 49,to 21 megatons ; coarse grains-barley, rye, oats, maize, sorghum and millet-have declined. from 56 to 32 megatons; and rice stocks have dropped. by more than half, from 9.1 to a perilous 3.7. .k megatons.

1 In any year, the unlucky 1972 combination of bad harvest and empty granaries would ,have put up world prices. But in 1972 and 1973 the developed country economies were enjoying a major boom.

Runaway inflation added to bullish speculative buying in the commodity markets compounded the grain shortage, and prices went through the roof.

Thai white rice, for example, f.o.b. Bangkok, cost US $131 per tonne in January 1972. By April 1974 it had shot up to $630 a tonne, a staggering increase of 380 per cent. Over the same period, the export price of US maize went up by 125per cent, and of wheat ‘. by 170 per cent. %,_ The result was predictable, although for years the -, Green-Revolutionaries had predicted no such thing.

Famine. -Today there is famine in drought-ridden - Ethiopia, /famine in flood-cursed Bangladesh, famine in Sahelian West Africa, famine in longsuffering India. With food stocks at their lowest I level for years, international ‘food aid- has been slashed (from -14 megatons in 1970 to seven megatons in 1973) at the very time when it is needed most.

And with wheat prices-nearly tripled and rice increased almost five-fold,* the poor nations can no longer afford much in the way of imports.

Like Janus, the two-faced god who stood at the gates of ancient Rome, the world food crisis faced by this_ week’s Rome conference isa double-headed , spectre. Famine is only one of its aspects: the other is chronic malnutrition.

FA0 estimates that 61 out of the. 97 developing nations lproduced or. imported , substantially less food in 1970 than was necessary to feed. their populations.

On a conservative estimate, FAG reckons-460 million people suffer from malnutGrition; a more liberal interpretation mightput the figure as high as 1000 million. __ ’ Like, I suppose, nearly all readers, I have never ’ been really hungry. Sometimes, when I am- writing’ . an article against a deadline, I miss out lunchand. supper, and -rise from my typewriter at 10 or 1-1 pm \ with a nasty, rumbling-pain in my stomach. I find it hard to comprehend what it would be like to suffer that pain every day, day after day, week after week.

I cannot imagine-how I would answermy children, . when they begged me for something to eat, and I had; to tell them there -was nothing.

That would be hunger. Chronic’ malnutrition is _ something else again-It means-being hungry for year after weary year. It means being hungry. for so long , that an aching belly is your normal condition.

It - means that in your childhood you can remember the s occasional square meal in the same way that luckier L children recall a visit to the circus. It means that you go blind-from vitamin A deficiency; or that lack of iron makes you anaemic and breathless; or that you - suffer from rickets or beri beri, scurvy, goitre or - pellagra.

It means that your children grow. up stunted, not just physically, but mentally as well: -- - often listless, vacant, ,and. slow on the u take. It

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Then there is the urbanisation crisis: the frightening, explosive, seemingly unstoppable growth of the world’s cities. Hunger, landlessness and the lure of the bright-lights give the cities of the Third Worldrates of increase which are double or triple those for nations as a whole. The phenomenon is-the same in all continents: by 1985 Bandung’s present 1.2 million is expected to have reached 4. l! million?. Lagos to have grown from 1.4 million to 4.Omillion,-Sao Paul0 to be up from 7.8 million to 16.8 million.

The phenomenon of urban growth seems equally out of control all over the world-with the possible exception of-China. Poverty, disease, malnutrition, and unemployment deteriorate consistently, with the most optimistic city administrators unable to hope for more than preventing thepresent appalling standards from getting worse. And beyond the bidonvilles of Paris, the kampongs of Jakarta, the shanty towns of Accra, and the favelas of Rio stands the awful example of Calcutta, where perhaps one million people live, breed, and die on the streets.- It was a tour of Calcutta which caused this year’s *Nobel laureate for peace, Japan’s ex-premier Nobusuke Kishi, to declare recently: “People should not be allowed to have children in-such circumstances.

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to snarl over a crust of bread, locked in a meaningless cycle of breeding and death, a forgotten statistic in FAO’s repetitous reports to Rome.

FA0 says that 460 million people exist like that: as many people as live in Britain and Germany and France and Italy and the whole of the rest of Europe.

And while the famine side of the world food crisis is , something new, the malnutrition aspect is an old, old scandal. One the rich, well-fed nations have learned to live with.

Our-view of malnutrition has changed considerably over the past few decades. By mistakingly concentrating on the so-called protein gapiwhich turned out to be largely a figment. of their own imaginations, nutritionists have been responsible for one of theclassic examples of non-appropriate technology.

- Between 1950 and 1971 many billions of dollars in food aid, in development grants, in loans and technical assistance, via FAO, UNICEF, the voluntary agencies and individual governments, were wasted in the great protein fiasco. .We do not know how many millions of children and adults have died from chronic malnutrition over the past 30 yearsbecause food aid has wrongly concentrated on -protein in, i stead of energy. ^- ,b ,/ Sometimes, as well as indirectly ‘harming people by diverting resources away from the energy gap, the protein fixation of most nutritionists has been directly damaging. Western scientists have arrogantly assumed that all other races hwe a metabolism identical to‘that of Europeans ,-whereas in fact most Negroes, Chinese and SE Asians are (for example) unable to tolerate lactose. We do not know how many debilitated, undernourished people have suffered abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and death from enthusiastic handouts of powdered milk,, That, then, is the food crisis today: famine in India and the Sahel, the world’s granaries nearly empty, chronic malnutrition -affecting ‘at least one human being in’ every eight. But the world food problem - cannot be viewed in isolation.

It is inextricably linked .with that bewildering and depressing list of economic and environmental crises which have hogged the headlines over the past few years: the popuiation crisis and the oil crisis, the balance of payments crisis and the fertiliser crisis, the energy crisis and the rumbling, omnipresent threat- of nuc? lear war. * Consider, for example,‘ the population-c&is: one billion by i850, two billion by 1920, three billion by 1960, four billion by 1975. In the 1960s the Green Revolution seemed to be keeping one step ahead of the extra mouths, with the food production and population curves of developing -nations running roughly in parallel. Today, the birthrate is winning the race. Since 1969, there has been a net decrease in available food per head.

At our present breeding rates, there\are anadditional 75 million people-to be fed every year: an annual increment the size-of Kenya, Burma, Canada and Peru combined. The demographic Micawberites ‘say this does not matter verymuch: somehow or other, the extra people will be fed. Extra mouths To feed; they assure us, come equipped with extra hands to till the soil. They point to the shining exam-pie of China, which in the 1950s had a populationof 400 million. Each year, several million, died of hunger; and the outside world shrugged its shoulders and said that China was hopelessly overpopulated.

Today, there are 800 million Chinese, sand no annual .famines.

- *This argument can be answered on two levels.

First, China’s own experience seems to have taught her that population growth ought to be controlled’, and her social revolution might have been less costly had this, conclusion been reached earlier.

The ChineseToday run the most successful birth control campaign known to history. Some communes and city districts report crude annuaIbirth rates as low as four per 1000, figuresto be compared with Britain’s 16 and Indonesia’s 47 per 1000. Whatever China may say for foreign consumption, her performance at h,ome indicates a firm grasp of demographic realities. Second, China provides but one instance to s-et ,against the many other. examples of countries where mushrooming populatio-ns undermine every attempt at raising nutritional levels and other indicators of social well-being.

Java, for-example, today contains nearly 80 million people. Everyysquare metre of cultivable soil is already terraced and hoed, lovingly ploughed and seeded; carefully raked and harvested.

No more hands are needed, nor&deed can they be accommodated. The annual increment of two million extra Javanese must either cultivate the marginal I@rds, the thin, steep, poor soils which wash away in the . rain and blow off in the wind, or they must coagulate into the festering slums of Jakarta, Bandung, and other cancerous cities. j - With China’s experience, it would-be foolish to claim that improved methods of agriculture are intrinsically incapable of feeding Java’s two million annual extra mouths, but it is surely undeniable that tackling famine and malnutrit,ion is made that much

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Jon Tinker exarni,nes cofne to end in famine . tion must be seen as involving population, maments. fhe_fol/owing New Scientist.

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tomy must be made camp on humanitarian grounds.

From the point-of vie\ -parasitic ‘on the. countrys bigger surplus from the T serious aspect of the &bar the progressive alienation the realities of food prod The child from -Glasgow from bottles and not cows for ,a realistic agricultural least has weeds growfng i ments. In the dry barriad mu&be bought in ,cans a growing--up with-no exp@ ing environment.

Today,-Ior grandparents who worl long will this verbal traditic superficial understanding life? One generation away Already, the United St: population living in citie! ‘figure is over.20 per cent. I of the rich nations’grew by population of the poor nat In the-e-nt of this growl half of the people in thew’ by 1984. The urbanisatic world food crisis.

Then there is the pollut rivers, eutrophic lakes and tion is improving in some the \world-wide picture i gross pollution-caused b:, trialisation must already ‘t.

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hunger of their citizens; at worst, it will provide the means for their governments to divert attention from starvation at home by launching,military adventures abroad.

massive

and irreversible leaching away of nutrients, silted-up rivers and dams, flash floods, and inutidated lowlands. FAG’s target of an increase in cultivated land of over 20 per cent by I985 is unlikely to be achieved without a critical reduction in the land which remains permanently farmable.

Stalin’s virgin lands and the dustbowls of the Grapes of Wrath, the eroded and abandoned Inca fields in the Andes, the deserts of Babylon and

Energy, fertilisers, resources

RWolution erL7 c

ry , enforced

by law,

food, the cities are demanding an everareas. But the most on crisis may well be he city-dweller from In and environment. ) thinks milk comes likely to see the need icy. But Glasgow at e cracks of its pave- _ ’ Lima, where water !p per litre, kids are bwhatever of the livof them have parents ts peasants, but how aintain even the most ke ecological facts of n the land? Two? ras 74 per cent of its d even in India the g the 196Os, the cities er cent, but the urban grew by 55 per cent. ntinuing unchecked, will be living in cities -isis compounds the &is: foul air, septic seas. While the situasocieties like Britain, s encouraging.

The anisation and indusessing food yields in

developing countries: fumes in the air damage crops, and effluents in the water kill fish.

Then there is the armaments crisis: it is surely a peculiar obscenity that the rich powers can afford to spend some $160 billion each year on weapons, while allocating only $1.5 billion to agriculture in the Third World. Both Christian and Muslim tradition suggests the wealthy should give one tenth of their income to the poor. Today, the rich world spends its tithe on weapons of war.

The balanceof terror has maintained now for 20 years, so long that we have come to rely on the-crazy security it offers. But, as Kissinger recently warned, the world is entering a new period of instability. The oil crisis will accelerate the dissemination of nuclear power plants, so easily adapted for military use. The nuclear oligopoly of the Big Five has already been broken by India, and the demented logic of proliferation will soon place atomic weapons in the hands of the general staffs of Brazil, Persia, Egypt, Israel-and many others.

The pressures of famine, and the struggle for oil and other resources, are likely to lead to mounting tensions among developed and developing nations alike; the demographic explosion may well bring lebensraum back ‘into the political vocabulary.

The second generation of nuclear powers will probably lack the judgement which has restrained the Kremlin and the Pentagon from the brink, and Third World strategists may well follow the Chinese view that their societies are decentralised enough to survive an atomic war. This in turn may, tempt their antagonists into pre-emptive strikes. At best, the developing nations’ increase in military expenditure (up 240 per cent from 1960 to 1970) will add to the

Then there is the energy crisis. OPEC’s staggeringly successful price hike has dramatically improved the finances of such oil exporting countries as Indonesia, Nigeria and Columbia as well as the Arab states. But the great majority of Third World nations have seen their development budgets made meaningless as a result. To the hungry non-oil nations, the energy crisis is having a threefold effect.

First, the disappearance of their meagre reserves of hard currency into the oilmen’s coffers means that much less cash is available to import food. Second, the lack of foreign exchange is also leading to a cutback in the purchases of fertiliser, tractors and irrigation which underpin present techniques for increasing home food production.

Third, these same tools of the Green Revolution all have a high energy component in their operating costs, which the hungry world can no longer afford. In the long term, the oil crisis may divert resources from the developed to the oil-producing world, but it will leave the vast majority of the underfed worse off than ever.

Then there is the fertiliser crisis. Both the elevated crop yields of the Green Revolution, and the high productivity of farming in the rich nations, require a large and growing input of fertilisers.

At the same time, the use of organic fertilisers is declining, under the pressure of such factors as the abandonment of crop rotation (as in Britain), the beliefthat it is not “modem” to use human excrement on the land (as in Java), and the burning of cowdung as fuel (as in India).

World demand for synthetic fertilisers is therefore rocketing.

Nitrogenous fertiliser manufacture is an energy-rich, high technology process, at present largely a developed nation monopoly, which has become markedly more expensive under the impact of the world energy crisis. Phosphate fertiliser is a limited natural resource concentrated in north Africa, Already the leading phosphate producer, Morocco, has tripled her selling prices, and it is only a matter of time before the Arab nations which control the bulk of the known reserves band together into a PHOPEC to maximise their own profits.

Then there is the resource crisis: a generalised. situation of which the oil and phosphate crises are two specific examples. An American city-dweller consumes 500 times more metals than an Indian peasant, a situation which is seen by most of the rich nations as their inalienable right, justified by their virtual monopoly of capital and technological knowhow. The same process is seen by the poor nations as totally inequitable: a crude plundering supported by naked power. It will not be long before the producer states start to band themselves together.

However, the rich are unlikely again to be caught so unprepared as they were by the oil crisis. Already, Henry Kissinger has started to develop a modem version of the Monroe Doctrine: that the United States cannot permit any risk of an interruption in the supply of a resource on which it hascome to rely. There are bound to be some ugly confrontations as the hungry nations use the resource crisis to try to force the rich countries to pay more for raw materials. ’ Then there is the water crisis. Virtually all the planet’s naturally-watered land is already cultivated. To increase the developing world’s arable land from its present (1970) 740 million hectares to FAO’s projected 900 million hectares by 1985 is likely to require a doubling or even trebling of irrigation. Moreover, high-yield varieties of rice and wheat need substantially increased intakes of water as well as of fertiliser.

Ideally, all this additional water should come from a better exploitation of rainfall, but in practice much of it will be collected by a non-sustainable mining of groundwater, a resource which has accumulated over hundreds of years. In many areas, water tables have been lowered to the extent that the energy cost of pumping is no longer justified by the food production achieved. Often, repeated irrigation combined with heavy evapotranspiration has made the soil so salty that it can no -longer grow crops.

Soil, fish, technology, and trade

Then there is thesoil crisis. hungry millions builds up, being pressed into cultivation. the forests and thin lateritic plough. The usual result is

.

As the pressure of the more marginal land is The steep hillsides, soils come under the heavy erosion with a

11

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Egypt, the sands of North Africa which once fed the Roman Empire -there are too many examples, both ancient and modem, of agricultural systems which ruined

their

soil.

Then there is the fish crisis. FA03 favourite myth used to be that the (fictitious) protein gap was being rapidly

closed

duction

has indeed trebled

45 per cent

nations,

by the new fisheries. of the current

catch

as oil or meal for industry

Of the world

fishery

catch

While

fish pro-

since 1945, an appalling which

goes to the rich

or farm animals. is eaten,

only

a

quarter goes to the developing nations.

Today the oceans are up for grabs and as more nations invest in distant-water fleets, the.depressing history of stocks fished out of existence seems likely to be repeated many times. While a world catch of double the present level would probably be sustainable (mainlyby exploiting squid and fish not eaten at present) the likelihood is that catches will in fact triple over the next decade-and fall disastrously after that. The world community’s failure to regulate whaling, in spite of the 1972 Stockholm environment conference’s call for a lo-year moratorium, is a depressing omen.

Then there is the technology crisis. At its simplest level, this is largely a matter of education and training: the rich nations have a virtual monopoly of the technological knowhow on which the developing nations rely for industrialisation and a higher standard of living. Although there havebeen token attempts at technology transfer, the typical situation remains -that of oil: the oil wells are drilled in the Middle East, while the refineries and chemical plants are built in Europe.

-But the technology crisis is more subtle than this: it involves the almost total collapse of non-western cultures and technologies.

Glass and concrete office blocks, questionably appropriate in Detroit or Dortmund, are wildly non-functional in Nairobi or Jakarta. Labour-saving washing machines are a positive menace in cities with a huge pool of unemployed. A fleet of diesel lorries is of no help to a farming district with rutted, flooded roads and no trained mechanics.

It is perhaps not surprising that the rich countries find it ludicrous to give aid which/is technologically appropriate: mud-brick buildings, communal washing compounds equipped with concrete scrubbing slabs, bullock carts. But it is profoundly depressing

that the educated

elite in most developing

countries

. is so lacking in cultural self-confidence that it supplies a powerful internal pressure for inappropriate technology.

So far, the Chinese .are the only developing country to pick and choose successfully between homegrown and western technology. ’ ’ Finally, there is the trade crisis. Developing countries cannot affslrd to buy the food they need, because the world trade system leaves them perpetually short of foreign exchange.

The same system provides short term relief in the form of loans (mendaciously known as aid), which merely ensures that future foreign exchange will be spent on servicing a growing debt. This system, which to the developing world seems like institutionalised robbery, is at the moment staggering under the impact of the oil crisis.

The rich states are trying to persuade OPEC that charging a,market price for their oil will involve such a massive transfer of wealth from the rich to the oil owning countries, that the world trade system will be unable to stand the strain.

The same argument will doubtless be used in the future against other developing nations which try to use their negotiable resources to buy a substantial increase in their wealth. It may indeed be true that the existing financial framework is incapable of accommodating the substantial flow of wealth from the rich to the poor countries which, the developing world sees as essential. It is also probably true that’ the same system will beunable to permit the hungry nations to import food worth $17 billion a year in 1985-which the World Food Conference estimates say will be essential. Unfortunately, no one seems to have any idea how to reform the world trade system to make it do what it is told.

There is, then, no such thing as the food crisis.

Similarly, there is no such thing, in isolation, as the population crisis, the urbanisation crisis, the pollution crisis, the armaments crisis, the oil crisis, the energy crisis, the fertiliser crisis, the resources crisis, the water crisis, the soil crisis, the fish crisis, the technology crisis or the trade crisis. Each of these crises acts on the others, and while it may be useful to focus attention on them one at a time, none of them can be solved unless the others are takeinto account.

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Feb. 18 Women Decision-Makers

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love. . . .” He respects those who support armed revqlution but is not prepared to send his people against “ special corps ready in every country.” (He has survived two assassination attempts ;) At a smaller meeting next afternoon Camara told someone that “It’s easy to recognize just words that are not words with life.” The quality of voice, expression, gesture, presence as he talked were (to me, and to others-1 asked) full to overflowing with a life that said more than his words. When I then asked him what he meant by inoral force, he stood up, thrust a roll of paper into the front of his cassock and said with hands clasped over it, “I do not come to you like this saying “I have the solution!

No -rather, I have a suggestion,” and gave two examples of conscientization. From Chicago-minority shareholders can propagandize large numbers of other shareholders and pressure management: “If you think we are right, support -us.”

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Brazilian government “economic miracle” exposition, a youth group covered the sidewalk outside the site with blood so that visitbrs got their shoes wet walking over the basis of this “prosperity. ” How is 1Tf that not only liberal petit bourgeois Canadian Christians, but also poor Brazilian masses see hope in what this man represents?

This presence radiates steady inspiration like a green thumb gardener; the gestures carry the force and coherence of a master strategist; the tone and meaning of the words bear witness to a message of faith. From the Statement of Bishops and Religious Superiors Northeast Brazil, 6 May 1973 (taken here fI’om the “Ten--Days” kit abridgement, Inter-Church

Committee for World Developzation of socder ‘as a means of exment Education): “The effects of pressing patriotism, manoevrings the system are felt most heavily in to give an illusion of economic the Northeast, whose archaic soprogress, such as sports lotteries, cial and economic structures are do not succeed in dulling the conresponsible for the degree of povsciousfiess of the people who know erty in the region. how to identify the true results of Nevertheless, the Northeast is an the “miracle.“’ example of the Brazilian economic “The Church cannot remain inpolicies, whose model df growth different before all that has been exnecessitates alliance with foreign ’ posed. We know that we will not be capital, thus cre&ing those policies understood by the many who, becharacteristic of dependent cause of their self-centred-incapitalist systems. terests, cannot or do not want to “The present model of economic understand even evident facts. growth, whose results are worthWe have to recognize in a spirit less for the _oppressed working. of tJ-ue humility and penance that class, aims to deviate our people the Church has not always been faithful to its prophetic mission, to from the global objectives of the transformation of the society. its evangelical role of being at the “Massive propaganda, the utiliside of the people. How many

Cinema Solidarity If you’re spending Sunday nights peeking through the advertisements at some of those worn out films, which are euphemistically labeled “reruns”; if you sometimes feel at a loss when the conversation drifts round to “why did Chile fail?” or “what are these Arabs bitching about?” then you may enjoy a night at the campus centre. .

For several weeks Cinema Solidarity, a committee of The AntiImperialist Alliance, has been attracting about 200 people to its free films each Sunday. The films deal with many political topics. Thus far they have all been very informative and the evenings have been made all the more rewarding by the informal discussions following the movies. The last two Sundays have been parttilarly successful in this respect.

When the People Awake .?

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shown two weeks ago, traced the history of the Chilean workers. It showed these workers stiffering to extract their country’s nitrate for the British and then, when the bottom fell out of that market, being laid aside until, the Americans &me for their copper. Out of this repression and the inequities suffered by the peasantry grew-the Chilean left. It culminated in a unjted left drive succeeding in getting Salvador Allende elected president. The workers under this government are shown as having a high political consciousness. They are taking advantage of the situation to take control of their lives and create a socialist order. Their reasoned statements on the politics of Chile, and how their lives are affected, are contrasted by the complacent self righteous statements of a middle-class representative.

The film also shows that the bourgeosie had much influence and freedom under Allende. This seems to be the crux of the Chilean polemic. Socialism came to power by parliamentary means, and, as in the Weimar Republic, the conservative forces remained largley intact.

The Congress was not socialist and watered down many of Allende’s ref$ms; the army was dominated by reactionary elements; and the US companies and the Central Intelligence Agency did not consider 1 Chilean profits lost.

“When

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The People Awake”

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times, involved in the mesh of eyils existing in this world, the Church, in a sad deformation of the evangelical message, has played the game of the oppressors and received favours from those who hold the power of money and of politics against the cdmmpn good? _.

“We are convinced that this is the hour for an option for God and for the people. This is the time for fidelity to the mission. It is certain that the price ofsuch a choice has always been persecution.”

Class and spiritual struggle is filled with contradiction.

“We have enough theory to work on for the moment. The problem that we now have to tackle is that of putting our fine theories into practice.”

-ernst

von bezold

going strong’ The film only covered the earlier part of Allende’s rule and so could not deal with all of these points. But they were taken up in the discussion which followed. The Chileans there, some of whom had only left their country a few months ago, seemed now to be of the opinion that socialism cannot be realised by parliamentary means. They warned that socialists must always be prepared for the capitalist forces to rise against any attempt at socialism, even if it is from a consitutionally elected government.

The reason they hadn’t realised this at the time is that Chileans had a great faith in their constitution, they said, and thus could not conceive of the army intervening against the government.

An Argentinian explained that Chile was considered “the England of Latin America,” because unlike its neighbours it had-never had a military coup.

Revolution Until Victory The film “Revolution until Victory” and the ensuing discussion, last Sunday, explained much about the Palestine cause.

It is a documentary which traces the growth of Zionism and its effect on the Palestine people. The film is anti-Zionist but like the Palestinian Liberation Organisation makes the very important distinction between Zionism and the Jewish people.

Modern Zionism was conceived of by a Theodor Herzl, a journalist from Vienna. Its aim was to establish an autonomous land where Jews could settle and be free of the repression which they had suffered in the past. Herzl favoured Uganda, but the Jewish emotional attachment to Palestine was too strong.

The film shows that Zionism has developed into a fanatical desire for a pure Israel. A pure Israel demands that the Palestinians be removed from their own land. That is what the film portrays.

It documents the repressive tactics of the Zionists against Palestinians. It shows the Zionists lobbying the major powers which were of the most use to them. First Britain, from whom they gained the Balfour Declaration in-1917 which gave British sanctionto Jewish immigration into Palestine, then, after World War II, the Americans.

The relationship between Israel and America is vividly shown. The economic aid and the military assistance given by the’U.‘S. is listed. And a few interesting scenes of Moshe Dayan, former Israeli defence minister, in Vietman picking up a few hints, are very forceful.

The flashes of “Mobil” the “Chase Manhattan Bank”, ahd much more that is American, give the other @de of the coin and explain America’s benevolence.

Palestine was a state where a majority of -Arabs lived peacefully with a minority group of Jews, today h is a state called Israel wherethe majority of the population is Jewish and an arab minority is treated as third class citizens. It is a state bordered by refugees camps where 1.5 million of the lands indigenous population shelter in tents. These people are organised and are determined to win their land back. They are willing to co-exist with jews. They are waging a national liberation struggle against Zionist colonialism. Thats what they are bitching aboutand that is the message of “Revolution until Victory”.

After the film about 50 people gathered for discussion.

There were few questions about the film but Khalid Mouammar of the Palestinian Arab Association answered questions on- the Middle East situation.

He said that Israel is used by the U.S. to combat any progressive moves by ,the Arabs. Every time the Jordanian throne is rocked by Palestinians the Israelis enter to oust them and so save Hussein’s position.

The October 1973 war was the first time that the balance of power in - the Middle East moved to a more equilibrium level, said Mouammar.

This was the first war initiated by the Arab armies and it was the first time that the Zionists did not gain any land. There had been no @crease in neti capital and the huge war expenditure had reaped no reward.

“The recognition of the Palestinian people by. the United Nations was a major political victory”, he &id. The trend was that Israel was becoming isolated and he feared a “real war” to revert these changes.

The U.S. would help in this war so as to maintain its foothold in the -Middle East.

Asked about his opinion of Canada’s attitude to the Palestinian cause, Mouammar said that there was a greater understanding in Quebec than in English speaking Canada. He added that Canada’s leadership is pro-Israeli because it is a i-eflection of America’s policy. . He said that Prime Minister Trudeau has promised to have a new look at Palestine concerns and noted the word “concerns” rather than “rights”.

This “new look” amounts to more ambiguous wording of our foreign policy, said Mouammar.

A motion was passed unanimously by those at this meeting to support the liberation struggle of the Palestine people “ . . . and the Palestine Liberation Organisation.

We further resolve to organise for national liberation struggles all over the world which are taking place.”

This resolution was to be passed to trade unions and other organisations in the area.

The next Cinema Solidarity film will be Tout Va Bien, to be shown a week ori Sunday. It deals with the events in Paris in 1968 and features Jade Fonda and Yves Montand.

-neil

docherty

14

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’ Happy Birthday, Wanda June is Kurt Vonnegut Jr.‘s only stage play, a satiric onslaught of death, dying, sex, marriage, healing, killing, North American rites of passage and the machismo fantasy. It is about a prick, a confused and worshipping son, two idiots, a pair of tormented wives, a physician, a small’ girl killed by an ice cream truck and an S.S. major with a sense of humour that would crack a walnut. All are thrown into an unlikely arena bridging time and space. All the ingredients of satiric fantasy served up in a witty package, as only Vormegut’s disjointed style could make plausible.

Harold Ryan, a man’s man and a living legend returns home after an -_~~ to an environeight war __absence m&t ihat has altered itself drastitally since his departure. He deals with change with all the subtlety of a mining disaster. The S.S. major, an ex-wife, Mildred, and Wanda June, comment from the high seat

of heaven on the action taking place below.

The challenge of portraying heaven and earth simultaneously is a formidable one and is admirably handled. The lights and special effects for heaven alludes to a congenial atmosphere where everyone whiles away the hours playing shuffleboard and dissecting Harold Ryan.

The Hemmingwayesque character of Harold Ryan is the focus of the play, so it demands a powerful portrayal. He is a prick and should be played as more of a crud than a comedian. It is important that the audience dislike if not hate him, after all he is Vonnegut’s primary target together with the macho aura that grows around him. Chris New: ton ‘in the role of Harold caricatures a satire. He is not sufficiently terrifying and there is no real threat of violence.

His swaggering portrayal in my opinion plays up the conceit-a little too much and plays down the serious side. Though it is a comedy, moments of seriousness often add a pathetic and uncomfortable tint to humour which then becomes satire.

Many of the actors seemed to relate more to the lines than the characters they were interacting with. Lineswere too often spoken into the air or ground and many

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were robbed of their humour by poor timing..

Val Rymmineri was stunning as Von Konigswald, the S. S. major.

His delivery was near perfect as was Sandy Thompson’s as Wanda June.

Terry Bryant was sufficiently gentle and reasonable as Dr. Woodly the physician and fiancee.

Alan Ohrner as Herb Shuttle, the vacuum vendor, was energetic, expressive and totally convincing.

Bob Stetz was fantastic as the lovable idiot, Looseleaf Harper.

Pathetically funny and very effective.

The humour was often played up to the detriment of character relationships, particularly those of Harold, his son, Paul, and wife, Penelope; which might have given the play more impact and made the final confrontation more effective than it was.

Despite the flaws, and it is easy enough to find them in anything, it is an enjoyable piece of entertainment. _ -gary

sosnoski

u of w shafts I 9 rhino It was reliably reported today by a highly placed university official that “agreat woolly rhinoceros had been enrolled in the college for over two years. ” “We thought he was a foreign student”, said mathematics professor Gaylord P. Hamwell, in whose complex analysis course “Simon Lackawana” the’ above mentioned rhinoceros, had received a b.

“Of course he never said much,” admitted his village 1 roommate Willing P. Madera. “In fact, I can never remember his saying anything at all unless an occasional inarticulate grunt could be termed conversation, but, after all, he was a computer science major. ” It was also divulged that the rhinoceros had been a great favorite at the campus centre pub: “You should have seen him open beer cans with his nose,” said pub coordinator Art Ram. “But we didn’t think nothing of it at the time’ ’ .

When asked whether any action would be taken, President Matthews stated that as soon as it had been determined that the rhinoceros was not a health hazard and that he had paid his tuition, he would be reinstated. He denied persistent rumors that upon learning that the BIU, (Basic Income Unit), allotment for a rhinoceros was higher than that of a regular student, the university board of governors had’imposed a ten percent nonhumanoid quota.

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Gn the strength’of two wins the Waterloo trouble.

The Warriors engaged in a physically rough battle _, past week the Waterloo Warriors *<n the miniature gym at St. Denis ,I have .clinched first place- in the Western Section of the G.U.A.A. Hall and came out with a 82-64 win. basketball’ league. The Warriors _The Lancers held a tremendous . were not have three games remaining on advantage in height’but - their regular schedule and’ curable to cope -with the ‘Warriors’ Waterloo * rently hold an unblemished 9-O re- speed and quickness. seemed to be ready for the\bccasicord,. On Wednesday they travelled ion and burst into a 21-9 lead after td- St. Catherines to ]play Brock University.

Tonight the Warriors _ ten minutes of play. The Lancers were frustrated by then inability to entertain the Wilfred Laurier Golscore. and Robinson added to their “i den Hawks, a&ade-up game from frustration when he sank 6 shots in the postponement on January the field. Robinson to15Tomorrow night the1 Warriors ’ a row-from talled 18 points, in the first half finish off their regular. season alone. Phil Goggins played a good ,sc,hedule at home against, the Unifirst Xhalf in -front of- his old versity of Western-Qntario.’

Mercy ‘hometown fans. He replaced Trei ‘[ College from Detroit will be coming to town on .Tuesday night for the vor Briggs early in the first half \ .Mike Moser- benefit game. Paid,> after. Briggs picked up 3 quick fouls . .Half-time score was 44-28 in ’ ‘. admission will be required for this game and all proceeds will go .to the Waterloo’s favour as everything seemed to’ be going against. the Mike Moser Memorial fund. TipLancers. off time for all games is 8: 15.

The Lance& came out fired up in.

6 t The Warriors arenow anxiously _ , watching their opponents to’ see the second half and began whittling’ away at the Warrior lead/With the <, who they- will be playing in their roaring fans -behind them theyfirst round of the play-offs. Guelph, closed the gap to 8 points 64-56 with McMaster and Windsor will hold eight minutes remaining.

Several the last three play-off positipns but ‘Warriors were also in foul trouble . ’ their order is yet to be determined.

Waterloo will be playing the fourth as the game neared its end. Art , place team in the first round of the _White_- and - Charlie -Chambers - each .

I had four fouls and Trevor Bnggs - play-offs. , and’ Phil Schlote each had 3 fouls. \j A week ago Wednesday the WarCoach McCrae decided to go to a Vyba[iers.

0:u-a champs 1 ,:,‘.. ’ riors disposed of the M&aster Marauders 90-70 in a mediocre perzone defense to keep his players ! :-\ -. ’ . ’ formance.

The Warriors played a out of more foul, trouble and in poor first half resulting from their hopes of changing the mementum J On Sunday February 9th the and so, the next Irn latdh the volin his-left leg which put’s him out for lack of teamwork.

“Too much inaround. The idea worked and the University of Waterloo volleyball 1 1leyballers participatt :d in was the: .the rest of the seas&r and indeed , dividuality” was Coach \Don Warriors restored their lead to Warriors played at -Laurentian final,for the champic Inship. may cost him dearly in schoolwork. ’ 75-60 with 4 minutes remaining. . University i McCrae’s reason for their inconsisi for the championship of and in the ability to play volleyball ~ amk storming + : .’ tencyb The- Warriors were outThe Warriors exercised their stall the O.U.A.A. Travel by:converted: outThe in theVoyageurs warm-ups c and were very again. offense and this salted a<way- school bus (not the most comforta. rebounded and shot 43 per cent The other event was the selec-- I, , : impressive in ‘while their attacking the. tion of the all-star team. Although from the field in the first half cornanother Warrior victory.

The -ble way to travel) took :place On ball at the net ~ .’ : the Warriors 45 per cent.

Windsor@ were amaged by the Saturday&he .8th from about 10 am--. seemed p‘reoccupied I ,with observthere were- ample. outstanding. ef- ^ I pared to McMaster’s play of Bill Robinson.. Robinson to 5 pm-a longandverytiringride. forts on the part *of .man,y” players ’ but still managed to go in the dresing “the native ’ faum 1 at the same’ sing room holding a 46-37. lead. ’ was the only Player to lay all ‘40 Dinner and a night of listening to some of the exclusions from the \ time hitting their sI >ikes into -the k minutes *as he scored 2 98-points in- I the R.M.C.. hockey ,leam ‘running team. were, notable. Porexample, I 1 ’ The first 10 minutes of the secnet ,, out the ,back iof the court jand . . around the motel. served ,to .leave - i , ond half, showed the Warriors in eluding 7 for 8 _from the charity one player who was an GU.A~A. nds.

After the even up into the sta their true form as they opened up a stripe Trevor Briggs scored 16 the, team well rested ‘and ready to team introductions allAstar and a -mainstay in’our -ofi the* - Warriors .

P go ..

Y* -) commanding 72-52 lead. The turn- I. most of them in the. second half. Art m fence was not chosen and indeed : Came out and prockeded to con and Phil ‘8 .s ’ .’ ’ I ing point appeared to be when Bill’ White ~ontributed%i - the spot he ‘was not given was In the ,first match again st pletely- -obliterate - -the - -*Laurent& * ’ turned over to another player from Schlote l2. Mike Frisby w.as high j,. Robinson scored 6 points and stole ors IOOK an 8 s team.

Behind the almost impregnascorer for Windsorwith, 14 folQueen’s, the, W?rri( -the ball all in-a span of 30 seconds to L * the other fmalist team. Many of the, of. the front- line to -, Xble blocking lowed. by Biy Lozynsky’ with 12 point lead and ‘then proceeded :,, break the game open to a 58-41 . _ players at the tournament felt that . players, the backcourt was almost’ lose the game ‘15-13.

Coming bat :k ~ .*+score. Some poor foul shooting by points. The scoring&as evenly he was ‘over-rated in the; pressreunused for the majority .of the two balanced among the ‘La&m as r, SfrOndY in’ thk next gaqe, Wate the Marauders was certainly detrileases., Three ofthe starting six, for loo won convincingly by the SCOIre games that it took for the Warriors mental to* their chancesof winning. -_. Coach Paul Thomas insists on playWaterloo were chosen for th&$ll-‘of 15-8 and in the I third and fin al, to win the’title of volleyball champThey sank a. meagre 4 for 14 from ing his players afl?equtil tibe. . ,. .There were a ?1Star’ team. ,These *were: Duncan game of the match, the score was ipnsforl* the 0.UA.A. This Saturday the MVP for the * ‘the free throw line. Heiwig Baul-.

Paul ‘D;ekkfng, and few times that the spikesof the-opd. r‘ Colquhoun, 1’54. ’ . ’ dauf played a,consistent game for month of February will be anKevin Mu&all; As well; the, player * ‘position, got around the ,blocks,’ nounted. Voting forthis award will the Marauders in leading all scorers The next match was again! st 1 h&ever who was chosen <as most valuable. ’ there was -always some be done by the players. ., with 22 points. Many’of his baskets player for this tournament ‘was I. Western, the only team that tots lk , player in the right spot to pick up There have been several interestwere on drives’through holes in the . m Duncan Colquhoun.

L i any games from the Warrior tearalm’ the shot, no -matter *low 1 hard, and ing games across the country in the Warrior .defense.

John Mallon in- the, last two league tournaments The C .I. A&J. Volleyball champretum the ball hia to the setters’ y chipped in with ,15. The two for- ~past couple of w.eeks. Loyola apionships will be held at Lava1 Uni; and unfortunately thbse were here who were able to s(Ft the ball for wards, Trevor Briggs -and Phil pears to be-comingbn strong since versity in Quebec City on Feb.% 28 at Waterlbo where the fans &ad I attacks that failed ,to score only their humiliating defeat at the b een specifically Schlote were keys to this Warrior invited.‘The’story and March 1st in conjunction with .once or twice ~ Final score: Waterhands of the Warriors 125-60 in was completely. different in this inc, victory. Briggs was best for Water\ the women’s national chamnionloo l5-8 1514:. their frst game of the year. Loyola loo ‘with2,l points, 15 of them com: ships.‘ If the reports that were given 1 stance. The Warriors ‘downed the , ,’ beat Sir George Williams in league! hapleSS -Must&S

by Scores of ing in the fast half w>hen they were by the referreesat Laurent& are * Some unhappy, e vents marred _, badly needed. Phil Schlote scored kPlay and then defeated sec0Q-d / 154, l-5-5. The’.wins left the. War- + the dayfor the Warrj iors, however, ). , to-be believed, the&is the distinct ranked St. Mary’s 76-71 in an exc\1Ia nf“I thn nhccihilitv that thP Wart-h-~ ~m11t-l ‘,16 points with some fine tip-ins. Bill riors tied with the Laurentian Voyin that Ed .Twardu, c ilvllu bllb y”~““‘“l~“, S-UC c..1” hibition game iast week.

LoyolaRobinson contributed 18 points. ageurs for first with >wok~matches bring home the_ fir~~~~[e~~~~ starting setters and an 0.U.A.A; llla~‘prOlk t0 be a real SUIJkS@ in ,' i&, ea&'teamS' credit. ,&e ‘rbUnd . _ On Saturday the Wa,rriors travelWestern all-star) had’to be taken to r championship and hopefully, the :_ , ‘. led to Windsor to tangle with the the’upcoming weeks. robin match between these two j 3 hospital where it was found-that he ’ first C!LA.U. championship of the Lancers, a team that always gives ’ e ken diek ‘teams was unnecessary therefore had separated his Pchilles tendon year f&r Waterloo. ~ *: a

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spartans

The Spartans performed exceptionally well in the game against Seneca College. Their glorious victory showed in a score of 114-40.

Coach, Richard Slowikowski, states that “fundamental skills are required to produce a team that is good and a team that will win. In UW’s basketball programme this is strived for.”

The team played consistently well, straight to the finish. Even though a half-time score of 62-21 for the Spartans could induce lessefforted play in the second half, the team continued to display good sportsmanship.

47 per cent of the shots were made good from the floor, but only 42 per cent from the foul line.

Richard Heemskerk “took the ball to the hoop” and lead with 19 points. Ted Darcie sunk 13, in the first half, and 2 in the second half, before he had to leave early to dress for the Warrior game. Jeff Sampson was good for 14, Scott Halpenny and Ray Dyck for 13, and Steve Hutton and Dave Luethy for 12.

Spat-tans made 85 rebounds compared to Seneca’s 46. ~Tonight, the Spartans prelude the Warrior-Laurier match, with a game against Humber College.

Both games promise to be in favour of Waterloo, unless the rivals have come up with new teams.

On Saturday at 6: 15, the Western J.V.‘s will battle the Spartans. Two weeks ago the Spartans played them and defeated them by a meagre margin.

On Tuesday the Spartans will play their last game of the season.

An exciting match against Sheridan College is predicted, and this will be the final dual.

-helen

Skl

a

anne witruk

team second

February lst, RMC hosted a dual slalom at Calabogie Peaks, in which Waterloo’s Men’s ski team placed second behind Carleton, while the womens team placed third in the team standings.

Rob Stirjais and Mike Renaud finished , in the top ten. Carolyne Oughten placed first in the womens while Rike Wedding finished in the top ten.

February 6 and 7, at Blue Mountain, Guelph hosted the OUAA and the OWIAA championships.

The Giant Slalom was held on Thursday. Waterloo women came out on top for this event with Carolyne Oughten first, and strong finishes

by Patsy Chalmers and Rike Wedding. Friday’s slalom took its toll of 25 men and 15 women of the field in the first run. Carolyne Oughten finished first to win first place in the combined standings.

Waterloo’s combined standings were third in the women’s and eighth in the men’s.

This Friday, the ski team travels to Mansfield for the dual slalom hosted by York University.

Athena6

at OWIAA

The Athenas played at WLU on Tuesday, and defeated their hosts., the Laurier team and also the team,from Windsor.

In both matches the Athenas’had control of the game and won’ three games straight. The scores showed 15-6, 15-2, and 15-8, in the favour of Waterloo in the match against Laurier.

Maura Pm-don, the tallest member of the team, played well at the net.

Her blocking was consistent and spiking was excellent. Sindy Macovik, LisaCrawley and Mary Rafferty also blocked and hit well.

In the match against Windsor, Athenas maintained 45 total points to Windsor’s 12. The coach, Pat Davis, played all her rookies at one time, who collectively displayed good volleyball. ’ Last weekend the Athenas travelled to McMaster and defeated their hosts three games to two. The team was not playing up to their usual par.

Maria De Costa kept the team together and Murt Bryans played well in the backcourt and executed some good serving.

Athena’s regular season play is now over. The women qualify for the QWIAA finals held at Queen’s next weekend.

They will represent the western Ontario division along with Western and McMaster.

The eastern division will compromise York, Queen’s and Ottawa.

At Laurier a couple of weeks ago Athenas challenged the Western team in the fmals after defeating all the east division teams during tournament play. At the Queen’s championship finals Waterloo will have to play hard to defeat the so far invincible Western team. So far, the Athenas are second best in Ontario but they have the potential to be number one. Gopd luck!

-helen

witruk

Swim meet today Spartans score one more. The final score was 7 M-40 game against Seneca College last Wednesday.

for the Spartans, -photo

Intramurals

in the

by helen witruk

-

Athenas

Reg math champ Tournament Talk Table Tennis Men’s

Broomball

Wrestling Mixed

V-Ball

One on One B-Ball

entry date-February 24 tournament date-February 25-Main entry date-Friday, Feb. 28 tournament date-week of March 3 organizational meeting-Mar. 3 at 4:30 Rm. 1083 PAC entry date-March 3 tournament date-March 4 at 7:00 p.m. entry date-Friday,.

March 7 tournament date-Tuesday, March 12 entry date-March 10 tournament date-March 11

Gym PAC p.m.

Gym 3 PAC at 5:00 PAC

Snooker Tournament This year 40 competitors signed up for the tournament-however 14 no shows cut down the entrants to 26 plus 2 post entries, giving us a total of 29 entrants.

Rick Kinston from Co-op Math went undefeated all the way to his championship in the finals over Jorma Niemela of Regular Math, 74-O and 77-10. Rick Kinston won the Ali Baba Steak House Award.

Giant Slalom Results Over 50 enthusiasts enjoyed the warm air and snowy conditions at the Annual Intramural Ski Day at Chicopee. In the race categories, Rich Dough (E.S.S.) captured the experienced class in a blistering time of 1.00 even, with P. Armstrong of Recclose behind in 1 .Ol and S. Kassner and John Rothwell at 1.02 sec. In the novice, men’s class Chris Wilkes of E. S.S. outmanouvered his classmates in a time of 1.05 sec. He was followed by Mike Elliot in 1.05.5. In the open women’s category, D. Ullman won in a time of 1.09 closely followed by Vicki Behune in 1.09.5.

New Champions in Curling For the first time, a St. Jeromes team added quality to their captured the Silver Boot award in Curling. Winning all three team of Tom Strickland, Peter and Joe Tulumello, Peter pointed Scott Carliles rink from Lower Engineering.

Ross Hamilton’s foursome from Reg Math placed Optometry’s Steve Wunches rink fourth. *

throngs and matches the Sprat& outthird

This Friday and Saturday the University of Waterloo hosts the O.W.I.A.A. Swimming Championships.

On both days heats begin at 10 a.m. and finals begin at 7 p.m. Waterloo is entering a team of ten swimmers and two divers. In spite of the small size of the Waterloo team we are expected to do well. Waterloo divers Val Quirk and Syd Bennet are expected to be finalists on both boards. Waterloo swimmers are expected *to place in every final.

with

Reg Math Captures 3rd Annual Mixed Bowling Championship Amassing a 3 game total of 2507 pins Regular Math easily displaced Kin as defending Bowling champions.

John Karam lead the Mathies with a high of 754 for 3 games followed by his mates, Dan Thomas 73 1, Luanne Sipple 553 and Sandra Kulpergey with 469.

Second place went to Grad stats with a total of’2066 pins, followed by two St. Jeromes teams, bowling 2063 and 2037 respectively.

Top 3 game highs for men and women include John Karam 754, Les Middleton 569, Dan Thomas 73 1, Luanne Sipple 553, George Clapdorp 727, Susan Frid 502.

All in all the 15 teams had an enjoyable afternoon on the lanes.

clinch

win

‘With 1:07 left onthe scoreboard Waterloo finally took the lead 44/42 in a tough ballgame versus the Windsor Lancerettes in the PAC this Tuesday night. An appreciative crowd psychologically backed the Waterloo team into never giving up an iota even when it seemed as if the Lancerettes might take a-decisive lead. In the first half the Athenas were caught up the court several times while the visitors went in for the breaks unchecked which made the difference.

Co-captain Vicki Szoke was an obvious stand-out with an all-round effort hitting for 14 points while executing her duties as quarterback with real hustle.

Kris Ashbury was “on” tonight adding 10 to the Athena total. As a result Kris saw more floor time and was a key player in the final crucial minutes. Marian Bebee and Carla Organ each contributed 5 points and Met-t-i Morris with 4. Janet Passmore was good for 3 while showing her strength battling on the boards. Jane Brooks sank one long shot with Debbie Sadler for 1 on the foul line as did,back-up centre Janet, Degalman.

Degalman once again was one of the most aggressive players for the Athenas playing a great defensive game but she-still has to develop that shot which comes so close so often.

Simultaneously with the buzzer ending the game Barb Benson put herself on the scoresheet. Benson’s scoring slump was obvious to all but the 5’10” centre, whose home is in Windsor still saw a lot of floor-time as her defensive abilities, especially on the boards were needed to clinch the g win.

Coach Mackie of Windsor regretted having used up the time-outs too soon-and the Windsor bench was prompted several times to “quit gabbing and play ball”. Coach Kemp had every reason to be smiling for this all-out team effort. The Athenas play next Tuesday in Guelph.

-Shirley

I

Curlers

at’ OUAA

holmes

’

The Warrior team travelled to Kingston last weekend for the OUAA Championships.

Queen’s made a clean sweep with a 5-O record to capture the title followed by Western, Laurier, Waterloo, York and Laurentian.

Waterloo’s record of 2-3 resulted from some very close games and last end losers. The team consisted of Dave Mills (skip), Blair Chitty, Dave Roepke and Peter Broughall. Meanwhile at home the men’s intramural was going on. The winner was Tom Strickland for St. Jerome’s, second was Scott Carlisle for Engineering and third was Ross Hamilton for Math.

For the past two weekends the Athena team have also been curling.

They were in Brantford 2 weeks ago to walk off with first place and thereby continued to maintain their undefeated record. Last weekend saw them in a 2-day bonspiel in Toronto where they lost the 4th game to the trophy winners putting them in 3rd’place for the ‘spiel. Today and tomorrow the Athena’s are competing in the OWIAA championships in London.

Opposition to our defending champions comes from Guelph, Queen’s and McGill.

Just a reminder of the mixed open bonspiel coming up on March 1st to be held here at the Glenbriar. The entry fee is $32.OO.a team and this day of .fun and good curling is open to all members of all universities and their guests. For information call BOB 884-6647 or PAT 885-0539. Also anyone able to provide music for the dance afterwards could also call Pat for negotiations.

18

friday,

the chevron

february

14, 197.5

--writer.

-- ‘Addiess all letters to Chevron, Campus Centre. on a 32 or a 64 character spaced. A pseudonym may are provided with the real

ket. Success as defined by the culture was accessible through the halls -of academe.

Then two things happened.

Those who provided the pathways to success, the industries, found that a BA really didn’t mean all that much. Secondly, those who were getting the BA’s found that they didn’t mean all that much.

Does last weeks 81.5% vote in favour of This was the crisis of identity; for both the O.F.S. mean that the students at Unthe students and elements of the establishiwat want to maintain their O.F.S. memment. I-think it was a great disappointment bership? It might, but what it probably that led to the famous “troubles” on cammeans is the Uniwat students are among pus in the 60’s. When that disappointment the most gullible in the province.

The gave way to despair the troubles stopped, O.F.S. ballot was a blatantly biased farce. and most of the trouble-makers left.

Before getting into the specifics perhaps - But the crisis of identity has not yet been cured. Marxism is not a nice word. I hesian overview is in order. The idea of the vote was to make it look-like-we had chosen tate to use a marxist interpretation, but I to remain in O.F.S. Such tactics as apparfeel it is appropriate in some ways. First of ent democracy are well known throughout all, how can one expect anything good to . much of Latin America. (The people have come out of an institution that is devoted to no real say but let them think that they serving the ends of the capitalist class. have.) In a sad way it is ironic that here at a After all, that is what the university is all university, where the supposed cream of ., about. It is paid for by the capitalists, it is the crop are, that such a plot worked. designed to serve their ends, and in every How was the vote rigged? It was simple major and significant decision, capitalists and fairly subtle. What was in effect done motivations will prevail on campus. was to-place biased propaganda on the balYet, we did not come here to learn how lot. It was obvious to any who read the to be capitalists.

If anything, many of us ballot that it contained much more than a came here to join in the fight against capitalism.

Yet the vehicle for that fight simple yes or no choice. At a brief glance one-might suspect the other data as only was itself deeply emersed in the capitalist providing an-information base for the soup. Their ends were not ours. We came to seek liberation; the most that the univervoter. This was just not so. sity was interested in doing was rubber The opening paragraph touted the aspistamping us and moulding us to conform rations of the O.F.S. and what it had done with the great capitalist template. for us, the students. There was no negative information provided nor for that matter Criterion No. 1 is respect for authority. was there any concrete data at all-just Criterion No. 2 is the abandonment of self-motivation in favour of serving the that they had looked after our mterests. greater ends of a monolithic society.

Actually on most other occasions that We came, furthermore, out of the womb _ ballot might have slipped by except for the contrast provided by the presidential balof capitalism. The vast majority of us were lot. It simply bore the names of the two born to middle or upper-middle class candidates-. Can you imagine the scandal if families. The process we required was one one of the candidates had somehow manof liberation. A few of us found it; butnot aged to place a personal plug on the ballot? many. The system is not designed with The election would have been voided no personal liberation in mind. If anything the matter how much of the vote that candidate system is designed to keep the chains of received.

I strongly feel that the O.F.S. bondage intact, to re-enforce them; to turn us into oppressors who. will keep the, vote should be treated likewise. The vote may have been in favour but then it was a harsher chains of industrial thralldom to the wage-slave system intact for our less dishonest vote. fortunate brothers who never had the opIf such action as biased balloting is any indication of how the O.F.S. plans to portunity or inclination to get a degree.

So what does the degree mean? represent me at Queen’s Park I say no What, in fact does the university mean? thanks. I am of course in favour of bettering I would submit that the university has the plight of the student but not at the exlost its raison d’etre. Today, it bases enpense of democratic equality.

The end does not justify the means. rolment upon the need for graduates in the economy. A wonderful notion except that It may be too late now, but I strongly there will never be enough demand for assert that because of the biased format of the O.F.S. ballot that the result be declared those graduates to justify allowing every and anyone who is able and interested in a null and void. Sure another vote will cost more money, but can we place a price on university education to enroll.

Therefore since we can only allow a. democracy?

Michael Rennie small number of people in, we pick and Man-Env. choose carefully regarding who those people will be. They will, invariably be the children of the middle and upper classes, the already privileged will, of course receive this dubious privilege of postsecondary education. _ _ Concern for quality of education which concentrates on teacher-student ratios -and budgets misses a big point. Of course, The universities, the longtime welfare quality considerations have to take into accases of the provincial governments, are count what the individual receives.

But more importantly perhaps is what the socinow starving to death due to neglect. We ety receives. Or what element of society have become so expensive that-the governments can no longer afford us. receives what.

But somehow, the tears are slow in comThe most important quality that postsecondary education must possess is univing. As one who has spent the past four ersal free access. The only requirements years in and around this institution, the thought of its death leaves me feeling indiffor admission to a general programme should be certain reading skills. For those ferent. The place itself is so indifferent who do not possess those skills, but who -not dead-but not alive. want a university education, remedial readThe problem, of course, is that what the ing programmes should be established. university does, what it offers: its raison d’etre is a watered down vision of what it The second key element of quality should be the abolition of any and every could be, what it once was, or what we thought it would be. notion of job preparation.

There are prok fessional schools for the professions.

The university may be suffering from a _ lack of funds, but it has for a very long time These we’ll leave alone for awhile. been suffering from a lack of purpose.

But beyond these, and community colThere was a time when a B.A. meant a lege training programmes for crafts and trades, the university must become a reticket to the upper echelons of the job mar-

We were

conned

Crisis- of identity

the Editor, Please type line, doublebe run if we name of the

j,.

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source centre in which those w-ho want to can learn anything and/or everything that they want, and the university will help them. ’ The degree must become something very different, and be abandoned as the primary goal of university education.

The university must, in effect, become a place which enhances personal liberation.

Until this happens, the universities will continue to be the puppets of the capitalist.

As puppets, we can not only not be free, quality education will remain a cruel joke for the majority of the population.

Frank

Spooner

Questidns fed fee

I propose that a referendum be held to determine whether the Federation of Students fee should remain compulsory.

I disagree with the notion that all undergraduates who attend this university should be obligated to pay this fee. I have reached this conclusion after reviewing the events that have determined the present nature of the fee, and after finding out the nature of membership in the Federation.

In 1965, the Constitution of the Federation of Students was approved by a referendum in which all undergraduate students had a vote. One of the provisions of that Constitution was that the Federation would be financed by a compulsory “stu-dent activity fee”. This fee would be collected each year by the University and would be transferred in total to the Federation treasury.

Since 1966, the Federation fee has been increased twice by the University, at the request of the Federation.

In 1967, the annual fee was raised from $18 to $22. In 1974, it was’ increased to $25. Since the approval of the Federat.ion Constitution, there has been one referendum on the subject of compulsory student fees. In February of 1972, eighty-two per cent of the students who voted were in favour of maintaining the compulsory nature of the fee.

I think the time has come for another referendum.

The students who voted to retain the compulsory fee in 1972 have either graduated or are about to do so. Students in their first, second, or third year have not been given a chance to decide whether the compulsory nature of the fee should be maintained.

I believe that this compulsory fee is unjust. My opinion is influenced by the fact that payment of the Federation fee is compulsory, while membership in the Federation is mot. By-Law no. 16 of the Federation states that “a student of the University of Waterloo who does not wish to be a member of the Federation of Students may signify this in writing to the Board of Djrectors and shall cease to be a member of the Federation upon receipt of this notice by the Board of Directors.”

Thus, as the situation now exists, a student who does not wish to be a member of the Federation, may renounce his membershTp, yet he may not reclaim the membership fee.

This situation is unjust in itself. Yet the injustice is anomalous, since it is maintained by an organization whose purpose is to, promote and to protect the welfare of the students on this campus. At a time when the costs of attending university are so high, it is unfair that a student should be obliged to support an organization of which he is not a member.

The Federation fee should be refundable,-as are all other undergraduate society fees at this university.

A student who does not wish to be a member of the Federation should not be obligated to support it. The students of this-university should be given a chance to decide on this issue. I urge that a referendum on this question be held later

this month, at the same time as the election of the Federation Council.

Steve Eady Biology 4

York

-

supports

RAA \ On behalf of the Council of the York Student Federation (CYSF) and students of York University, we would like to in- form you of our support of the Renison Academic Assembly in the apparently unjust actions taken by yourself in firing the two professors, Jeffery Forest and Hugh Miller without showing due cause or following due process as outlined by CAUT regulations.

We feel that you should either reinstate them immediately or give them a full hearing‘outlining reasons for dismissal.

We’d also like to express our opposition to any attempts by the Board of Governors of Renison College to interfere with the academic freedom of students and faculty a of Renison College.

-Anne Scotton President C.Y.S.F. Ted Kapusta Vice-President External Affairs C.Y.S.F.

les of evil

“All that is necessary for the forces of evil to win in the world is for enough good men and women to do nothing.”

E. Burke Act now and protect at the university

academic freedom of Waterloo!

Oct. 30-Principal’s Social Hour, where Towler encouraged a split in the students by fabricating lies and stories about Renison faculty and the Applied Social Science Program.

Oct. 31-Towler and the Executive Committee of the Board of Governors work quickly to arbitrarily fire H. Miller, J. Forest, and ban M. Forest from Renison College, without consulting the Board of Governors (BOG) or the faculty and students, or the usage of CAUT procedures.

Nov. 5-BOG invited and no one came.

Nov. 9-Board Forest.

ratifies

to student

meeting

the firing

of J.

Nov. 14-Up to now the BOG will not state any reasons for the actions taken against the Forests and H. Miller, and has refused to follow arbitration procedures.

Nov. 18_Tri-partite Committee proposed

by BOG, elected in an undemocratic election. Students of the RAA had to phone Towler at night to find out results because they refused to inform the students until the BOG was told. Up to now this committee has not convened as the tie for the second position has not been resolved.

Nov. 20-M. Webber receives threat from Towler based on faulty information.

Demands reply from her but is not there to receive it.

Nov. 24-At in-camera meeting, Towler gave half reasons and outright allegations against students and faculty in narrow

friday,

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february

the chevron

14, 1975

‘- feedbackIfCrime can pay legalistic terms in an attempt to split (the students, on the basis of ideas. He refused to discuss his speech with the students present and left.

Dec. 6-lO-At the Arts Fachlty meeting, Towler publically stated that one of the cases was settled and all that had to be worked out was the’ final details. None of the cases as of yet have been finalized.

Dec. lo--Arts Faculty passed a motion expI;essing its hopes that Renison College will agree to follow CAUT procedures in order to resolve the current difficulties at the College.

7‘ Dec. ‘1 l-Faculty Association report was isSued stating that firings were pol-itij tally motivated.

Towler called the report _I biased in favour of the faculty members, . and the same s.entiment was/expressed by the Board of Governors.

In addition, Towler and BOG regard the Faculty Association as a trade union.

Dec. 16-U. of W. Senate passed the same motion as the Arts Faculty Council.

Towler and the BOG refuse to act upon that recommendation.

Jan. 6-Students returned to class to find that: H. Miller’s dismissal finalized. a) ISS 225R and Psych 3688, previb) ously taught by H. Miller, taught by B. Lahue on a week’s notice.

Psych 220B previously to be taught 4

by H. Miller and assisted by J. Forest not offered. It is a core area course, and on Jan. 10, it was cancelled by Towler and students were forced to petition out.

Social Work 368R and ISS 121R ind) creased to two sections; one section , of these courses taught by J. Forest.

L. Fusco and R. Coupland teach these sections; and ‘were given 24 hours notice. Why can Towler \act quickly in his own interests but not in the students??

Jan. 6-16-Towler refused to see students and keep appointments that were made for a week solid, at the same-time. The concerns of RAA members were clearly not on his agenda.

Jan. 20-Matthews says in Senate that the situation looks hopeful, and that the Renison Affair should be resolved within a week.

Feb. CH. Miller is asked to vacate his office in writing.

Why does Towler ask Hugh to leave, when the BOG is sup, posedly following CAUT procedures?

In fact he is saying that the man is guilty before being proven so.

Feb. %-BOG meeting where nothing was decided re. binding arbitration, despite a warning from Matthews to have a decision

by Feb. 6. A committee to review arbitration was set up, thereby stalling again and angering the students.

RAA

I not; with interest the most recent “Thi-High” poster that the Engineering Society has submitted. On this particular effort, the fine print says, “Disqualification for Hot Pants, Tennis and Cheerleading Outfits, etc.” What do these costumes have in common that is not shared by skirts, kilts an_d dresses? They don’t give a glimpse of ass, that’s what. Are engineers that desperate that this is the only glimpse of ass they can get? The engineers I know personally tell me there are very few women around for them to get to know: that women seem to have an unfortunate stereotyped view of the engineer as a person. Maybe posters and concepts like this are why. And if engineers feel that the at-

titude displayed in this poster represents the Engineer in an unfair light, maybe they should take the matter up with their societies.

Drama

M.E. Turnery and Theatre Arts 3

RevoltI !

This letter is in response to the Fass show, the Peasants’ Revolt, which was performed February 5 - 8. It )yas blatantly sexist, intellectually bankrupt-with the multitude of cliches, and most of all the peasants lost the revolt, which is contradicted with the success students are having in Quebec, and hopefully in Ontario, in opposing oppressive measures against the students.

The leading roles are played by males, and the supportive roles are femInine,‘in the traditional sense, where Gloria is the Grand Duke’s secretary, (Matthews?), dnd Phoebe is a weird student. The heros get married in the end, as all good heroes should, and it made the production unbearably corny. Some-comic relief was attempted, but males giving up their lives for slavery is quite unlikely.

The scene at the Castle Ceiter where the Wicked Wenches perform a sleasy dance at the Federation Pub, is also out of taste. It misrepresents the role of .women as sex objects, and is clearly intended to entertain the male portion of the audience.

The use of cliches in the show provided the plot. Herman, the nice clean cut, harmless young man, accidentally bumps into a plot of Dirty Andy and the Federation of Peasants, and along with the aid of Secret Agent Bytwa, who recommends the use of a bomb, to solve their problems. The plot thickens as he goes to the mad scientist Professor Magnavox, who with his assistant, the robot, they make the bomb and plot as to how they will get rid of the Grand Duke. The bomb is placed on Glorias’ desk by the robot, and Herman discovers this and gets caught changing it by the Grand Duke’s green men, and ends up in jail with the Federation peasants and Gloria. When they are freed, they depose the Grand Duke, and replace him with the robot, and the two happy couples get married in the end, the other couple being the robot and Phoebe.

The major objection I have-to this show is the simplistic plot, and the ideology implied. Dirty Andy said that the Peasants’ Revolt was all in fun and it dbes not give credence to the real struggles students have to face. And these struggles do not include mad scientists, bombs, muddle headed secret agents, empty headed beautiful women, and stupid administrators, but the real struggles of an oppressed group of people who have to fight for their rights.

The statement that the peasants at Renison lost their battle is false, because.they are still organized and fighting for Academic Freedom and their own self interests. Even the Portrayal of the Duke of Renison, played by Dr. Bill Pearson, was a c-lithe of an incredible reactionary, who destroys all opposition. In fact, Towler refuses to talk to the militant students! Students also have some of the most democratic meetings, and don’t spend most of the time hassling ov&r the terms “Chairman” or “Chairperson”.

It was a particularly bad time to perpetuate the myth that all is well in the world and that -your friendly local dictator will take care of things for you. It is okay to have a bit of a revolt, but students shouldn’t seriously challenge the roots of their oppression, or question the decisions of those in power.

Students at the University of Waterloo should examine the ideology that is presented to them, and wonder if there is some way that they are being deprived of the courage to resist and act against injustice, I by manipulation of their minds via the media.

-\ Patricia Gilbert

It now appears certain that the government of Pierre Trudeau will soon introduce legislation, perhaps within yeeks, definitely before the end of the year, making ___ the possession o,f marijuana legal, Many groups and individuals, including such traditional conserva_tives as doctors and police officials, have called for just such a move in recent months. ‘Ultimate justification for the government to take such action lies in the fact that legalized dope represents a fantastic turnabout in the government’s financial position-instead of spending milliQns of dollars apprehending and prosecuting offenders, ,the governmeqt will reap millions of dollars in taxes.

Trudeau himself all but proclaimed the government’s enlightened new attitude recently when he told the press that a “change in valuei” is needed to see Canada’through the current economic crisis. “And for our first act . . ‘: .”

As much as this observer applauds such a “new, deal”, it is important to consider what brought this change’about, and what implications are therein contained.

The legalization of marijuana did not come about because our legislators “saw the light”, as it were, nor because a “majuana lobby” on Capitol Hill pressed for reform.

The laws governing the use of grass will be changed because millio_ns of people deliberately broke the law, pure and simple. It will not be legalized because its proponents went through “proper channels”.

Conversely, the law will be changed because “proper channels” were not, indeed, could not be used.

And it is the opinion of this observer that this tactic, that of deliberate defiance of the law, having proved its effectiveness, be ,considered with respect to other repressive laws in our society.

Specifically, I point to the laws governing taxation. The burden of taxation has increasingly fallen on the shoulders of Canada’s working class. The large corporations, on the other hand, have lobbied for, and been granted, steadily *reduced rates of taxation. Income tax, introduced during the WWI era as a temporary measure, is now the chief means whereby the government is able to finance its grandiose social welfare schemes.

It i? this writer’s opinion that the tax laws are repressive and unjust, an@ in desperate need of change. Further, it is my view that

19

until the government removes the tax load from the workers and places it where it belongs, on the corporations, who can most afford it, that Canada’s workers have the right and duty to break the law, by refusing to pay income tax.

As the folks in Ottawa are so fond of saying these days, “Why 1Not?” R.J. Bell Alumnus

Roberts’ retorts I -

.

With due respect for chevron reporter John Morris, I would like to comment on last week’s story “To fight cutbacks -write MPP’s Shane says.” Due to my somewhat abbreviated statement of position in reporting to Students Council, I gave the impression that I am opposed to demonstrating at Queen’s Park.

On the contrary, I feel that students, other members of the university communj ity, and citizens should express their con- tern in every manner they see fit.

I hope that the threat posed to the quality of education, access to it for all members of our society, and the issue of the management of relevant institutions will give rise to all manner of expression by the people of Ontario.

I also see the responsibility of students councils, the Ontario Federation of St’udents, and others to give direction as part of their leadership role. This responsibility includes suggesting and encouraging students to give form personally and collectively to their feelings. As students councils and OFS use every reasonable possible means and go through the proper channels seeking redress to a deteriorating situation, every student should do what he/she can do, too.

Once the official student representatives on behalf of the students have exhausted their normal altema!ives or if the “proper channels” fail to produce fruitful dialogue, then it is time for student leaders to call upon the studknts to commit themselves to each other and together demand that they not be treated with indifference or arrog/ ante.

This would mean that each one of us would need to consider going to Toronto to , join other people from across Ontario in a display of concern that could ndt be ignored. ’ As it is this time when we might be sooner than we’d like to think. At the moment though if anyone is going to cali for a demonstration, it should be the students themselves and not OFS. .

Shane

Roberts

Member: Canadian university press (CUP). The chevron is typeset by members of t-he workers union of dumont press graphix (CNTU) and published by the federation of students incorporated, university of Waterloo.

Content is the sole responsibility of the chevron editorial staff. Offices are located in the campus centre; (519) 885-l 660, or university local 2331. dear mom, having Lgreat term. the weather’s great; thev had to close the Waterloo-wellington airport the other day because of the blizzard but groundhog day passed without event. except for the chronic bloody noses, migraine headaches, ten seminars, two incompletes, an eff minus and a mental collapse things are going great. i didn’t forget about ash Wednesday and i’ve decided to give up smokes and beer for ient; it’s probably the only serious thing i’ve done all term. all those lazy arts students have next week off, they call it study week but everybody i kn_ow is either going to florida or the bahamas. those arts courses must be really demanding, they have to take so many holidays! there’s not an awful lot more to tell you except that we have a great newspaper here at our university and i met some the neat people who work there this week. randy ’ hannigan is the editor and john morris is his invalible assistant. i don’t know what neil docherty does but diane ritza is the secretary-mascot. the rest of the motely crew includes an intelligent guy named doug ward, a real inspiration michaeLgordon, a sporty felSow named stan gruszka, and a symbionic hockey fan named liskris. sharie dog roberts, brute hahn, jay roberts, ernst, alan, and jim cotter work donw there too. and some real good sports write jock stories like ken dick, h.a. witruk, Shirley holmes and duncan colquhoun . . . . .thanks for reading this lettey mom and say hi to that goof iner if you see him. your son/daughter/person pat . . . . . . . . . p.s. send money. p.r. Meanwhile, according to certain “leftist” tendencies on campus a couple chevron staffers are members ,of the CIA. how’s that for a laugh. j.m.

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friday,

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can see the- wind \ r

february

14, 1975

.

The UW campus has been hailed by many as one of the Rest beautiful in Canada. The natural landscape that has evolved around a myriad of concrete buildings is admired by many, neglected by most, and ignored by an unseeing few.

Black ink and newsprint shall never render the beauty of these subjects as they were in their own natural context.

Photography is the means to an end. It can only serve as an attempt to capture the life and spirit i-hat envelops us each day.

-\vou have only to reach out with your eyes to grasp it, and it shall be yours.

-vickie joyce