CONTENTS I.
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………..1
II.
HISTORY OF DENTAL INSTRUMENTS ………………………………2
III.
CLASSIFICATION…………………………………………………………6
IV.
HAND CUTTING INSTRUMENTS……………………………………….9
V.
INSTRUMENT NOMENCLATURE……………………………………..13
VI.
INSTRUMENT FORMULA ……………………………………………....13
VII.
INSTRUMENT DESIGN ……………………………………………….....16
VIII. TYPES OF HAND CUTTING INSTRUMENTS FOR CUTTING……..19 IX.
HAND INSTRUMENTATION TECHNIQUE…………………………… 29 i. Grasps ii. Finger Rest
X.
SHARPENING HAND INSTRUMENTS…………………………………33 i. Principles Of Sharpening ii. Technique Of Sharpening
XI.
ADVANTAGES OF HAND CUTTING INSTRUMENTS………….…..38
XII.
ROTARY CUTTING INSTRUMENTS a. Historical Development b. Characteristics Of Rotary Cutting Instruments c. Handpiece d. Dental Cutting Burs i. Composition And Manufacture ii. Bur Classifications Systems iii. Modifications in bur design: iv. Additional features in head design: v. Factors Influencing The Cutting Efficiency Of Burs
XIII. DENTAL ABRASIVE INSTRUMENTS……………………………...…..67 i. Classification ii. Other abrasive instruments 1. Moulded instruments 2. Coated instruments XIV. EVALUATION OF CUTTING……………………………………………70 i. Bladed cutting ii. Abrasive cutting
XV.
CUTTING RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………73
XVI. HAZARDS WITH CUTTING INSTRUMENTS ………………………74 i. Pulpal Precautions ii. Soft tissue precautions: iii. Eye precautions: iv. Ear precautions v. Inhalation precautions XVII. INSTRUMENTS FOR RESTORING PROCEDURES …………….77 i. Mixing Instruments ii. Plastic Instruments iii. Amalgam Carrier iv. Carvers v. Burnishers XVIII. CONCLUSION XIX. REFERENCES