Conservation: Borobudur, Super Priority Tourist Destination

Borobudur,

Super Priority Tourism Destination

Merapi eruption mitigation in Borobudur -

Syefri Luwis

Borobudur Temple is one of the main tourist destinations in Magelang, Central Java, which attracts domestic and foreign tourists to visit. In the shape of a lotus, the sacred flower of Buddhism, Borobudur Temple is an exceptional reflection of the combination of the original idea of ancestor worship and the Buddhist concept of achieving nirvana. The ten terraces of the whole structure are the stages that the Bodhisattva must attain before attaining Buddhahood.

The Buddhist monument, which was built during the Sailendra dynasty (8th–9th century AD), uses a description of the shape of temples and stupas, sculptural motifs, reliefs and gallery hallway. The temple is vertically divided into 3 and follows the Buddhist philosophical concept of attaining nirvana. Now Borobudur is 1200 years old.

Borobudur as a single tourism concept seems to have weakened its great potential, namely economic potential and spiritual potential. Until 2019, Borobudur is the single most visited tourist attraction in the country, so it holds the following statuses: world heritage, nationally ranked cultural properties area, national strategic area, national vital object and as one of the super priority tourism destinations. Super priority tourism destinations are part of the “10 New Bali” program launched by the government which is expected to drive a creative economy that is beneficial for local residents.

Therefore, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology through the Director General of Culture initiates coordination between relevant ministries so that the determination of Borobudur Temple as a Super Priority Tourism Destination run well while

still prioritizing temple preservation. The initiative was then responded positively with coordination by the Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs and Investment. Various meetings between relevant ministries and institutions have been held and have resulted in an agreement to review the development plan for the Borobudur Temple Area.

The commitment of these various agencies is a solution to the main challenge faced by Borobudur Temple, namely maintaining the sustainability of the temple structure as a national cultural heritage. This is due to the increasing number of tourists, which reached 8000 people per day in 2019. Meanwhile, the results of a study from the Borobudur Conservation Center show that the top area of the temple should ideally only be able to accommodate a maximum of 128 visitors per visit each day.

In March 2020, Ministry for Maritime Affairs and Investment, Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan; Minister of Education, Culture Research and Technology, Nadiem Anwar Makariem; Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy, Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno; Deputy Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy, Angela Tanoesoedibjo; Governor of Central Java, Ganjar Pranowo; Director General of Culture, Hilmar Farid; Director General of Copyright of Ministry of Public Works and Human Settlements, Diana Kusumastuti; and Director General of Highways of the Ministry of Public Works and Human Settlements, Hedy Rahadian made a field visit to the Borobudur Area in the context of developing the Borobudur Super Priority Tourism Destination (SPTD).The development sites which were visited consisted of the Borobudur Authority Land, Samigaluh Field, Borobudur Art Village or Kujon Field, Kembanglimus Community Center, Palbapang Gate, Manohara Study Center and the Borobudur Temple Concourse in Magelang.

Borobudur during the pandemic-

Syefri Luwis

Reduction of tourists to Borobudur Temple -

Syefri Luwis

Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy Sandiaga Uno, Director General of Culture Hilmar Farid, Minister of Education and Technology Nadiem Makarim, Coordinating Minister for Maritime Affairs and Investment Luhut Panjaitan

- Dir. PPK

Intan Soekotjo sings with the background of the Borobudur. This activity is part of the utilization of the Borobudur area -

Deny Eka Setiyawan

Matters related to the integrated management plan of Borobudur Temple; such as improving the quality of the environment and natural resources, improving interpretation facilities and information on the important value of the Borobudur Temple Complex, increasing cultural properties conservation activities in the area, improving governance, the development of sustainable tourism that also supports the protection of the Borobudur Temple Complex and the improvement of community welfare will be regulated by the Ministry of Education and Culture, through the Director General of Culture. This is in accordance with Law No. 11 of 2010 concerning Cultural Conservation. - Protection Efforts to prevent and cope with damage, destruction, or destruction by means of saving, securing, zoning, maintaining, and restoring cultural properties. - Development

Increasing the potential value, information, and promotion of cultural properties and its utilization through research, revitalization, and adaptation in a sustainable manner and does not conflict with the purpose of preservation. - Utilization Utilization of cultural properties for the greatest benefit of the people’s welfare while maintaining its sustainability.

Regarding development, various supporting attractions at a number of points in the Borobudur Temple Complex actually aim to spread tourist visits so that they focus not only on the top point of the temple. This is aligned with the spirit of protecting the cultural landscape of the Borobudur Temple Complex, one of which is to develop and strengthen the great narrative of Borobudur Temple as Outstanding Universal Value and the culture that surrounds it. Various development and utilization activities have been carried out; such as the Spiritual Culture Workshop for the Borobudur Temple Area, the Nusantara Spice Earth Festival for the World, the creation of variety show content “Lingsir Wengi (Borobudur)” by Hanung Bramantyo which will be one of the treats at the 2021 National Culture Week.

Until November 2021, the government is in the process of sharpening and implementing the Borobudur-YogyakartaPrambanan Integrated Tourism Master Plan for the development of the Borobudur Super Priority Tourism Destination into quality tourism by actively involving the community to ensure the sustainable impact of Borobudur Temple conservation. One of the active participants is expected to be a student who in this case is expected to

deepen the study of the Borobudur area. In addition, students can also cultivate a sense of belonging, increase a sense of responsibility to participate in caring for and preserving this heritage for generations to come.

The master plan for infrastructure development has been planned in an integrated manner, starting from connectivity, supply of raw and clean water, waste management, sanitation, to repairing residential residents by taking into account environmental, social, economic, and cultural aspects – which are the starting points for the development of the Borobudur Temple tourist area. Infrastructure development has been done; such as the construction of Eco-Cultural Tourism covering an area of 309 hectares, the construction of an art market and parking area, the construction of a science park and a 2 km boardwalk that stretches from Mendut Temple to Borobudur Temple and across the Elo Progo river. In addition, in every tourist village there will be a monthly folk art festival.

Director General of Culture, Hilmar Farid, said that in the context of structuring the Borobudur Temple area, the main focus is conservation. Heritage-based tourism and sustainable development are the strengths of Borobudur and the Central Java region. There is a very important difference between attractions and destinations. Borobudur Temple is an attraction, not a destination. Destinations are very dependent on our ability to create and create attractions that attract domestic and foreign tourists. If the only attraction is Borobudur Temple, then the destination is only Borobudur Temple. Now, it is our duty – the government and the people of Indonesia – to make Pawon, Mendut, and the dozens of temples in the Borobudur Temple Area as an additional attraction in our tourism destinations so that Borobudur is no longer a single tourism that has to bear the pressure alone. The goal is that Borobudur can be enjoyed for hundreds or even thousands of years (Jessika Nadya Ogesveltry,

Directorate of Cultural Development and Utilization).

“Let’s make Borobudur Temple a stage for Indonesia’s cultural wealth and diversity.” – Nadiem Makarim.

Field visits of ministers and officials from the Ministry of Education and Culture, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, the Coordinating Ministry for Maritime Affairs and Investment, the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing, and the Governor of Central Java Ganjar Pranowo – Directorate of Culture Development and Utilization -

Dir. PPK