Timber and Forestry E News Issue 310

ISSUE 310 | 24.3.14 16,000 delivered weekly to timber merchants, sawmillers, wood processors, foresters, members of national and state organisations and associations, builders, specifiers and selected architects.

Scott Spencer

Eight guide $1.4m state R&D review

Simon Dorries

The NATIONAL voice for

• Industry advisory group formed Brian Farmer

Barry Underhill

John McNamara

Bruce Robb

By JIM BOWDEN

AN industry-based advisory committee has been established to help guide a $1.4 million research, development and extension program for the forest and timber industries in Queensland.

The formation follows endorsement of the state’s Forest and Timber Industry Plan by the Newman LNP government in December last year.

“The committee’s main role will be to have industry oversight of a review of the

current forest and timber research development and extension program and to develop a strategic investment plan,” Forestry Minister John McVeigh said.

“The strategic investment plan will guide forest and timber industry investment to Chris Lafferty ensure it is aligned with industry priorities, including the $1.4 million of additional funding allocated by the government in response to the industry plan.”

The advisory committee will be chaired by Scott Spencer,

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INDUSTRY NEWS

It’s ‘happy days’ for forestry after Tassie elections TASMANIA’S forest wars look set to flare anew with the incoming Liberal government already barring environment groups from talks on the future of the sector.

Both sides of the debate have urged the Liberal party to change tack on forestry, saying fresh conflict would do nothing to help the industry’s future.

Party leader Will Hodgman says he was open to conservationists being consulted on his party’s forest plan.

The Australian Forest Contractors Association seemed pleased about the government’s position on forests. CEO Colin McCulloch says the political cycle has swung back in favour of the forestry industry .. “so it’s happy days as far as I am concerned”.

Emboldened by the crushing defeat of Labor after a power sharing deal with the Greens, Liberal treasury spokesman Peter Gutwein says he doesn’t see any point in including environment groups in upcoming talks because they were committed to the forest peace deal his party wants to tear up.

Election sends clear message on forest policy Forest Industry Association of Tasmania chief Terry Edwards said the Liberals had made their position clear, but he would be explaining on behalf of the industry why it was wrong.

“We believe that the position the Liberal Party took into the election and continues to articulate is based on some fundamental misunderstandings and that

Page 2 | issue 310

Colin McCulloch .. political cycle swings back in favour of forest industry.

the incoming government understands exactly what are the ramifications of what they’re going to do,” Mr Edwards said.

Mr Edwards said that if the government was developing its forestry policy it should also meet environment groups who were united with industry in their determination to see the TFA through.

Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Forestry Senator Richard Colbeck says result of the Tasmanian election sends a very clear message that the time has come to restore common-sense to forest policy.

He said the Coalition would work constructively with the new government to ensure a sustainable long-term future for the forest industry in the state.

He said Tasmanians punished the Labor/Green government for disastrous policy decisions including mismanagement of the state’s forestry industry.

“Tasmanians have voiced their strong support for the Liberal’s forest policy for the second time. Last year they voted for change at the federal election and now they have voted for change in Tasmania.

The message is very clear,” Senator Colbeck said.

INDUSTRY NEWS

Government has recognised the need to collaborate with industry From P 1

Deputy Director-General, Fisheries and Forestry, who has qualifications in economics.

Other committee members are Brian Farmer, CEO, HQ Plantations (plantation growers); Barry Underhill, assistant director, forestry, DAFF (native forest growers / forest policy); John McNamara, CEO, Parkside Group Milling (sawn timber processors), Simon Dorries, general manager Engineered Wood Products Association of Australasia (plywood and EWPs); Bruce Robb, vicepresident, HIA Queensland (end users / builders); Chris Lafferty, research and development manager, FWPA (national R&D body); and Dr Michael Kennedy, general manager, forest science, DAFF. The committee will be supported by a consultant and four consultants have been invited to tender for this role.

John McVeigh said the Newman government was committed to growing an efficient, innovative, resilient and profitable forestry industry with the growing and harvesting sector worth $171 million in annual sales.

Plan will guide investment in timber industry The sector supplied the majority of log timber input for the state’s first round sawmill processing sector, which had annual sales estimated at $785 million.

The government has already delivered on a number of plan actions, including: • Delivery of long-term sawlog supply arrangements for stateowned cypress forests.

• Initiation of a chain of custody support scheme

Strategic investment .. Andrew Dunn, HQ Plantations regional manager, looks over forest operations at Byfield in central Queensland. HQ Plantations manages 343,000 ha in Queensland of which 212,000 ha is utilised for hardwood and softwood plantation production.

in conjunction with Timber Queensland.

• Improved land planning framework for new timber plantations in Queensland by finalising the Forestry for Wood Production Code in the Queensland Planning Provisions (version 3).

The government has recognised the need to collaborate with industry to develop practical strategies to enable the sector to reach its full potential.

The industry plan sits alongside Queensland’s agriculture strategy – a 2040 vision to double agricultural production.

The plan identifies 50 practical actions to support the timber industry’s future and to maximise its contribution to the state’s economic, social and environmental well-being.

Mr McVeigh said the forestry industry contributed $3.8 billion to the state’s economy and employed more than 19,000 Queenslanders.

“Our forest and timber reserves are a wonderful state asset,” he said.

“While previous Labor governments didn’t want

hold its inaugural meeting next month.

Timber Queensland CEO Rod McInnes welcomed the ratification of the industry plan.

“The announcement confirms that securing and cultivating an industry that employs 19,000 Queenslanders is of paramount importance to the LNP,” he said.

Mr McInnes said the actions would help develop markets for the state’s timber products, cultivate a competitive business environment and ensure forest resources provided security for the processing sector.

“The implementation of the plan will ensure a long-term future for many Queensland businesses,” Mr McInnes said.

Industry needs assistance to grow and prosper

Rod McInnes .. cultivating a competitive business environment.

anyone to use our forests and tried to lock them all up, the LNP government made an election commitment to balance management so that our state forests serve a broad range of public interest purposes.”

Mr McVeigh said forming the advisory committee was part of the Queensland government’s ongoing support for the forest and timber industry.

He said R&D targeted to the needs of local industry was critical to maximise the economic contribution of the state’s forest and timber industry.

The advisory committee will

“Queensland’s timber industry has potential to prosper but doesn’t have the reputation and resources to do so; it needs assistance to grow and the implementation of this plan is part of the answer.”

Mr McInnes said another essential element was industry “backing itself”, which it was doing through the newlyestablished Queensland Timber Workers Support Foundation.

“The foundation was formed by industry workers who realise the industry’s potential yet recognise the lack of funds prohibiting its growth,” he said.

The not-for-profit organisation, funded by voluntary donations, aims to grow industry via marketing campaigns, training scholarships, community events in timber regions and charitable support to help timber workers and communities.

issue 310 | Page 3

INDUSTRY NEWS

Gavin Hao

Russ Taylor

Peter Barynin

Simon Dorries

Ross Hampton

Steve Whitely

Is Australia back on track in the Pacific Rim timber trade?

Key international speakers at Melbourne conference

AFTER some years in the wilderness, it looks as though Australia might be in the early stages in regaining market share in north Asian markets which it lost some years ago to more aggressive southeast Asian rivals Vietnam and Thailand.

Page 4 | issue 310

For years it has slipped back; and in 2013 it exported less than 50% of the volume exported by Vietnam, according to industry analyst Dennis Neilson.

However, a new RISI-DANA survey of all Pacific Rim hardwood woodchip exporters and importers indicates that

Australia will increase its shipments this year by a much higher percentage, and also in higher absolute terms than any other country.

“The apparent comeback of Australian suppliers in late 2013 and into 2014 is nothing short of remarkable,” Mr Neilson said.

“Some Asian buyers attribute this turnaround to a combination of a much weaker Australian dollar against the US dollar lately compared with one or two years ago; and to Australian suppliers finally taking a more pragmatic approach to the price they will accept in (mainly) Japanese and Chinese markets.”

The international woodchip trade continues in aggregate to break volume records year after year. Last year was no exception, reaching almost 23 million BDMT (more than 46 million green tonnes). RISI predicts the trade will be higher yet again in 2014.

The Asia Pacific woodchip trade is so important to the Australian forest industry sector that DANA will feature three internationals speakers on this and associated subjects at the Australian Forestry and Forest Products Sector Conference in Melbourne on August 7 and 8.

These include RISI Chinabased specialist Gavin Hao who understands the vital

Chinese woodchip import market better than any other analyst; London-based global pulp specialist Oliver Lansdell; and a representative of the brand new but rapidly growing Indian market for imported woodchips.

This conference will be very timely, given the ‘revitalisation plans’ for the industry discussed at the forest industry dinner in Canberra on March 3, attended by the Prime Minister Tony Abbott and 600 guests.

Remarkable comeback by Aust industry Almost all speakers for the Melbourne conference have been confirmed. Additional speakers include Rodrigo Monreal, solid wood products chief of Chilean giant company Arauco, Matthew Wood. CEO of European company Stora Enso’s Australian subsidiary, Canadian Russ Taylor, president of WOODMarkets, and American Peter Barynin, lead economist, North American timber, for Boston USA- based RISI. They will share their respective views on the future of log and lumber demand and pricing in the Pacific Rim. Cont P 5

INDUSTRY NEWS

2014 AROUND THE CIRCUIT MARCH 2014 28: Special luncheon celebrating the International Day of Forests.

Moda Events Portside, Level 2, Portside Wharf, 39 Hercules Street, Hamilton, starting at 12 noon with drinks and savouries on the Moda deck. Limited number of seats available. Guest speakers: Senator Richard Colbeck, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Agriculure and Foresry and Rob de Fégely, President, Institute of Foresters of Australia. Supported by Timber Queensland, Engineered Wood Products Association of Australasia, TABMA Australia, Institute of Foresters of Australia, Australian Timber Importers Federation. Organised by Brisbane Hoo-Hoo Club 218 as a 2014 children’s charities project.

RSVP Jim Bowden on 07 3266 1429. Mob: 0401 312 087. Email: cancon@bigpond.net.au

APRIL 2014 3-6: The Cats Are Keen in 2014.

44th Hoo-Hoo JIV Convention, Coffs Harbour.

Contact Trish Waters, JIV Secretary, PO Box 42 Hampton Park, Vic 3976. Tel: 0418 358 501.

Email jiv.secretary@bigpond.com

MAY 2014 9: Frame Australia 2014 conference and exhibition.

In conjunction with the Engineered Wood Products Association of Australasia.

Venue: Park Hyatt Melbourne.

The conference theme is pre-fabricated timber and wood products in residential and commercial construction, including trends to using timber panels for buildings up to 5 and 10 storeys high.

International speakers will provide global updates on equipment technologies and construction trends for timber frame and truss and wood panel systems in building. The exhibition display comprises 23 exhibitors from Europe, North America and Australia. For more information visit www.frameaustralia.com

AUGUST 2014 6-9: AWISA 2014 exhibition.

Brisbane Convention and exhibition Centre. Displays of panel processing, solid wood and timber machinery, tooling, manufacturing software, plus ancillary products such as dust extraction and materials handling equipment. Opportunity forn the cabinet, kitchen, furniture, joinery, timber, fit-out and panel industries to inspect new equipment.

Inquiries about booking space: email info@awisa.com or call Geoff Holland. Tel: (02) 9918 3661. Fax: (02) 9918 7764.

Mob: 0412 361 580.

Email: info@awisa.com 7-8: DANA conference, Melbourne.

The Australian forestry and forest products sector: its situation in 2014 and trends going forward.

Bayview Eden Hotel, Melbourne.

Speakers: Gavin Hoe, RISI China; Oliver Lansdell, global pulp specialist; Rodrigo Monreal, solid wood products chief of Arauco, Chile; Matthew Wood, CEO Stora Enso Australia; Russ Taylor, president of WOODMarkets; Peter Barynin, lead economist with Boston USA- based RISI; Peter Zed (Australian sawmilling sector); Simon Dories, general manager, Engineered Wood Products Association of Australasia; Ross Hampton, CEO, Forest and Wood Products Australia; Steve Whitley, CEO, Forestry Tasmania.

Conference includes panel of overseas plantation investors.

Contact Pamela Richards at pam@prcc.com.au or visit www.dana.co.nz 11-12: DANA conference, Rotorua, NZ. The New Zealand forestry and forest products sector: its situation in 2014 and trends going forward. Novotel Rotorua Hotel, Rotorua. Web: www.prcc.com.au/ danamelbourne2014.

Conference consultant: Pam Richards 61 3 5781 0069.

Email: pam@prcc.com.au

Australian speakers feature at Melbourne conference From P 1

Several experienced Australian speakers have been confirmed, including Peter Zed on the Australian sawmilling sector, Simon Dories, CEO of

the Engineered Wood Products Association of Australasia, Ross Hampton, CEO, Forest and Wood Products Australia Limited (on tree carbon issues) and Steve Whitley, CEO, Forestry Tasmania.

A panel of overseas plantation investors will discuss the subject ‘Why Australia?’

To register contact Pamela Richards at pam@prcc.com.au or visit www.dana.co.nz

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issue 310 | Page 5

WOOD PROCESSING

Fast timber drying technology unwrapped at KL furniture fair

Wood processing time reduced to under two days REVOLUTIONARY ‘green’ technology for treating rubberwood using high temperature drying was a multination drawcard at the Malaysian International Furniture Fair in Kuala Lumpur this month.

The Forest Research Institute Malaysia has successfully developed and patented the drying process that eliminates the use of borates, enhances timber stability and cuts down the processing time from about two weeks to one to two days.

The process involves only a single stage procedure; green rubberwood is converted to dried lumber for further downstream manufacturing.

The furniture fair held over

Technology refined over 10 years five days across two sprawling venues featured more than 500 manufacturers from 13 countries including China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Taiwan, the US, the UK, Vietnam, Iran and the host country.

According to the International

Page 6 | issue 310

New technology on show .. furniture made with a new hightemperature treated timber product attracted wide interest at the Malaysian International Furniture Fair in Kuala Lumpur.

– Photo courtesy MIFF.

Tropical Timber Organisation sales over the five days were estimated at $US854 million, up by about 5% on last year.

The high temperature drying (HTD) technology displayed at the fair and now available commercially was developed and refined over the past 10 years in response to the European Union’s call for some wood treatment chemicals, particularly borates, to be assigned to the ‘repro-toxic category’ under the Dangerous Substance Directive 67/548.

The research institute won the

patent for the HTD technology from the US and Malaysia in March last year and has also filed for patent in six other countries – Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, China and India.

Key features of the technology are the high temperature kilndrying system combined with the ‘schedule’ or ‘recipe’ to dry. The end-product is HTD rubberwood.

Researchers at the forest research institute say the technology eliminates the application of the standard Bethell chemical treatment process, which impregnates

borates into the rubberwood prior to conventional rubberwood drying.

The overall operation involves only a single-step procedure and the processing cycle time is reduced by more than 80% of the existing two-step process. The quality of HTD treated lumber is generally enhanced, with improved dimensional stability when compared to lumber produced by conventional methods. The system allows ‘just-in-time’ production that leads to lower inventory cost.

More than 90% of the drying mills in this region use the conventional steam-heated system at temperatures below 80°C, and the wood has to be treated with preservatives such as borates to prevent fungi and pest attacks.

Rubberwood furniture accounts for more than 80% of Malaysia’s furniture export.

Rubberwood, on the other hand, constitutes nearly half of all timber used in the manufacturing of furniture in Asia.

There are two key industry impacts with the introduction of this new technology – the Cont P 7

WOOD PROCESSING

Malaysian government determined to push manufacturers up the value chain From P 6

accelerated drying time; and a one-step solution for rubberwood furniture manufacturers and timber trade over increasingly stringent requirements for environmentallyfriendly products imposed by various developed countries.

Since its official launch in January this year, the product and system have attracted serious inquiries from local and international players, some from as far as China, Thailand and Korea.

The Malaysian furniture industry has come a long way since its early days when it developed its trade in rubberwood products.

International demand for

Thousands of buyers streamed into Kuala Lumpur this month for the 20th Malaysian International Furniture Fair, opened by Industry Minister Datuk Seri Mustapa Mohamed. The show covered two venues, the Putra World Trade Centre and nearby Matrade Exhibition and Convention Centre.

are not expected to increase significantly in the short term.

Analysts also point out the success of Malaysian producers in meeting international quality and delivery requirements.

The Malaysian government is making a determined effort to get manufacturers to move up the value chain and become brand manufacturers.

An export furniture exhibition held in KL alongside the furniture fair attracted 110 exhibitors displaying a wide range of furniture from Malaysia as well as overseas.

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Tough trading conditions in the Malaysia furniture industry have been brought on by fierce international competition, low margins and unwillingness by many manufacturers to keep pace with changing design styles.

However, industry observers say Malaysia will expand to meet growing demand as manufacturers in China face increasing production costs, especially rising wages.

Currently, Malaysian production costs are about the same as those in China but

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issue 310 | Page 7

INDUSTRY NEWS

More NZ logs should be processed on shore to lift industry profitability

Plan to achieve export earnings of $12bn by 2022 ABOUT 50% of logs now exported from New Zealand needed to be processed domestically into products competitive with overseas markets, the chairman of the NZ Wood Council Bill McCallum said.

“We need help if we are going to increase the profitability, scale and international competitiveness or our processing sector,” he said.

Mr McCallum was speaking at the opening of the ForestWood 2014 conference in Wellington last week.

The conference was jointly hosted by the Forest Owners Association, Wood Processors Association, Pine Manufacturers Association and the Forest Industry Contractors Association

Better returns .. about 50% of New Zealand’s export logs should be processed domestically.

and was supported by Woodco, NZ Farm Forestry Association and the Frame & Truss Manufacturers Association.

Mr McCallum said there was no uncertainty about the extent of New Zealand’s ‘known’

Funds needed to support skills training

Bill McCallum .. Wood Council has set exciting goals.

Being a TABMA member gives you: • Group buying discounts • Assistance with the placement of trainees & apprentices • CoC certification advice • Industry specific staff recruitment at competitive rates • National networking opportunities • An exclusive trade credit insurance plan • Technical advice and assistance • Industrial relations advice • WH&S audits • Annual Timber Industry Dinner Call 1800 822 621 for membership enquiries Page 8 | issue 310

lifting export earnings from 30% of GDP to 40% by 2025.

“If we simply continue doing what we do now, the increasing harvest profile which our estate can support will modestly lift our export earnings from its current level of $4.5 billion to just over $6 billion in 2022,” Mr McCallum said.

“But the Wood Council has set a goal of contributing much more.

“Two years ago we developed and announced our objective of achieving export earnings of $12 billion by 2022, a goal which represents a lift of 100% over what the ‘momentum’ strategy would deliver.

reserves; the trees that forest owners will harvest over the next 25 to 30 years are already in the ground and growing at an average annual rate of about 25 cub m a hectare.

“As an added bonus, our 1.7 million ha of forests sequester, or lock up, about 42 million tonnes of atmospheric carbon each year,” he said.

Domestic processors struggling The forestry industry is New Zealand’s third largest export sector and the Wood Council has a firm plan to contribute strongly to the government’s goal of

“It is an ambitious plan, but the building blocks to reach the goal are in place. The trees we need are in the ground and growing .. much of the processing and transportation infrastructure is already in place .. a world-class research capability resides within the Crown Research Institute, Scion, and the vision and determination of our processors on which much of the success of the plan rests are indisputable.”

Mr McCallum said log export returns right now were as good as they had been for some time, but domestic processors in New Zealand were struggling.

“To be clear, the Wood Council is not asking for the government to ‘fix’ the exchange rate, fix prices or tax the log export trade,” he said.

“Such a short sighted interventional ‘fix’ won’t address the fundamental issues.

Mr McCallum listed some Cont P 9

INDUSTRY NEWS

NZ must improve and rationalise its codes for building From P 8

areas where the government could help: • Funding support for skills training and certification should be strengthened based on an acknowledgement of the health, safety, quality and productivity gains which result from good quality training.

• Market access and competitiveness.

First, differential treatment for unprocessed logs and processed materials significantly disadvantages the export growth of value added wood products.

New Zealand logs are exported to countries with import policies that favour log imports and their own domestic processing industries.

Trade policy development should be aimed at achieving progress across all sectors rather than agreeing to trade-offs that favour one sector over another.

The FTA agreed with China is not delivering what it should for the wood products industry.

The China FTA favours logs over processed products and this weakness needs to be redressed.

Aim must be to treat all land users equitably • The Wood Council believes there is inadequate recognition in public procurement policies for sustainably sourced domestic wood products.

The independently audited, international certification schemes under which the forest growing industry largely operates provide unequalled levels of sustainability assurance compared with other construction materials but, frequently, there is inadequate comparison of the full life cycle benefits of wood versus other

products.

The government could develop and adopt a procurement policy which evaluates the whole of life benefits of wood and encourages the use of wood in commercial buildings.

• The current complicated and duplicative system of building standards is acting as an impediment to the use of timber products, particularly sophisticated, high-value, engineered timber that is well suited for pre-fabrication systems that lower building costs. More than 600 building standards are over seven years old and are obsolete.

The standards and codes need to be reviewed and rationalised and a system implemented to ensure they remain current and easy to use.

• Sustainable land use. The devolution of the environmental regulatory framework in New Zealand has resulted in regional and district councils adopting highly inconsistent approaches to the regulation of forestry activities.

The government needs to ensure that policies designed to achieve good environmental outcomes (or discourage bad practice) treat all land users equitably, and, where appropriate, attach a monetary value to land use activities and ecosystem services so that their true value to the economy is recognised.

When setting limits on water pollutants, policies need to apply equally to all land use activities rather than allocating based on historical output levels.

Mr McCallum said the Ministry of Primary Industries was taking a strong leadership role in evaluating whether a national environmental standard could be adopted to remove some of the inconsistency in this arena and the Wood Council supported this initiative.

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issue 310 | Page 9

EVENTS

The small and the soaring take national timber design awards Judges praise wood’s durability in Wellington contest A TINY family bach at Otago’s Taieri River mouth and a stunning aquatic centre on Wellington’s Kapiti Coast are joint supreme winners of the 2014 NZ Wood Resene Timber Design Awards announced in Wellington last week.

The Taieri bach was designed

by Regan Johnston of Mason & Wales, Dunedin. Just 55 sq m metres in area, it took only eight weeks to build.

The small house is entirely appropriate for its use and setting in the landscape, built from what are often perceived as low-value materials in their raw form to provide a stunning harmony of simplicity and sophistication, according to the judges.

A great example of contemporary timber technology In contrast the Coastlands Aquatic Centre has a soaring 2000 sq m double-curved transparent roof. Designed by Toby Mason while working for LHT Design of Hastings, it is supported by a dramatic grid of curved laminated timber beams.

“The building demonstrates

Winning entry .. the family build-it-yourself bach at the mouth of Otago’s Taieri River.

that timber is not only an appropriate durable material for a humid pool environment, but that with good design it can provide light weight elegant structures,” said Daniel Scheibmair, president of the NZ Timber Design Society, a member of the judging panel.

“This is an outstanding example of contemporary timber technology.”

Judges of the awards, which have been running since 1975, also included leading architect David Sheppard and MBIE chief architect Duncan Joiner.

NZ Wood director Brian Stanley told the awards function in Wellington that the

David Scheibmair .. timber a durable material.

world is witnessing amazing developments in timber-based

construction.

“In London and Melbourne, cross-laminated timber buildings reach nine and 10 storeys.

Vancouver is considering a plan to go up to 30 storeys while Stockholm is already streets ahead with a 34-storey timber building already approved,” Mr Stanley said.

“Not to be outdone, the Americans are carrying out feasibility work on a 42-storey tower.”

To support new thinking in wood, the NZ Wood Timber Smart series has for the last 12 months been touring the country highlighting how wood meets and surpasses the construction challenges of the 21st Century.

Mr Stanley said the Wood Council of New Zealand was asking the government to adopt a ‘wood-first’ policy. He describes this as an enlightened approach to encouraging wood use in public buildings already in place in countries as diverse as Japan, France and Canada.

At the start of his five-minute presentation, Mr Stanley reflected on what would happen in those five minutes.

Cont P 11

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Page 10 | issue 310

Engineered Timber Products

EVENTS

Wood Council asks government to push adoption of ‘wood-first’ policy From P 10

“Without doing a great deal ourselves – but getting a huge boost from nature – our (almost) 2 million ha of sustainable and certified forest estate will have grown enough timber to build 10 ‘NZS 3604’ standard New Zealand homes.

“At the same time as doing this, our forests will have sequestered carbon, prevented soil erosion, enhanced biodiversity, supplied renewable energy and provided jobs. How many New Zealand industries can make and really substantiate that claim?

“In that same period of time, the world’s population will have increased by further 350 people.

For these 350 people the world’s forests will not only provide them with shelter but it will also go a long way to mitigating the

Coastlands Aquatic Centre .. prizewinner features a soaring 2000 sq m double-curved transparent roof.

impacts of climate change on them in the future.

“Not bad for five minutes’ work!”

A library made from Pacific vitex and plywood was judged

best outrdoor infrasture at the design awards. The entry demonstrates an elegant use of indigenous timber, fundamental to the success of this special building within the traditional

village form.

Its design gives natural interior climate control for storage of books and a centre for study and discussion, creating a piece of infrastructure with an outstanding balance of protection from the elements while maintaining the feel of an outdoor environment.

The library at Arawa, Bougainville was designed by Paul Kerr-Hislop, Art+architecture Ltd, Wellington.

Runner up was a primary school at Onehunga which made imaginative use of plywood and CNC technology for a distinctive entry to the school.

The structure was assembled by the students who now enthusiastically maintain the plants in the structure and use it in preference to other access routes to the school.

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above safe levels recommended by the federal government’s National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS).

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Engineered Wood Products Association of Australasia Plywood House, 3 Dunlop Street, 4006 Queensland Australia Tel: 61 7 3250 3700 Fax: 61 7 3252 4769 Email: inbox@ewp.asn.,au Web: www.ewp.asn.au

issue 310 | Page 11

OPINION

PM tells a home-grown truth

Forest industry a learning curve for media

By ROSS HAMPTON CEO, Australian Forest Products Association

A COUPLE of weeks ago the Prime Minister Tony Abbott spoke to 600 Australians packed into the Great Hall of Parliament House.

Some media outlets, presumably seeking to use a broad brush, described the event as a gathering of ‘loggers’.

While it is true some of our world class sustainable logging companies were represented, the vast majority in the room were those who take logs and transform them into the things which we love to use in our homes and businesses.

Seated in the Great Hall that night were producers of paper, cardboard and tissue, fine timber furniture makers, truss and frame manufacturers, sawmillers, and flooring firms.

The forest and forest products sector is a value chain; it is our seventh largest manufacturing sector and directly employs about 80,000 people – mostly in the regions.

Forest products deliver enormous economic benefits Like others areas of our economy, it has been tenaciously dealing with a high dollar, sluggish economy and high input costs. It really doesn’t deserve shorthand descriptions which reduce the whole sector to a single function. But trying to coax some in the media to lift

The word on wood .. the message to the media is very clear.

their eyes from the resource end of the equation feels, at times, like trying to wrestle a favourite rattle from the grip of a toddler.

Likewise, it feels like a long and uphill battle to persuade some commentators that we do actually need to have a local forestry industry if we are to walk on timber floors, read newspapers and magazines (the iPad hasn’t killed print), build our houses, and admire beautiful furniture and so on and so on.

Do they really want us to become an import only country?

Can they seriously advocate we replace our home-grown products with timber and paper from nations which, let’s be frank, will rarely have forest and processing operations as sustainably managed as our own? Can that truly be the long term game for anyone who cares about our global environment and national prosperity?

The truth is Australia’s forest product industries deliver enormous community and

economic benefits and leave a very small footprint.

Did you know that if the MCG represented our forest area, so much of it is protected that the Australian industry is confined to an area the size of the left forward pocket! And, of course, only very small parts of that area are harvested in any year – about the size of the small circle where the umpire bounces the ball. That tiny area is, of course, split into hundreds of coupes across the country.

These areas are managed to maintain environmental values and ensure they are regrown with the local native tree species. Quite at odds, isn’t it, with the image often presented by those who prefer not to have a forest industry?

It is a mistake to view our working, ‘multi-use’ forests as cathedrals, literally set in stone.

In those relatively small areas in which logging is allowed, our goal is well-managed forests which are felled and carefully

regenerated. And in this country we do that very well.

I could take some of the media to countless locations right across the country which were cut a generation ago and where they would now marvel at ‘pristine’ wilderness. And those working forests are also great for the environment.

A forest stores carbon as the trees grow. The timber products then store carbon as more trees grow sucking in yet more CO2 from the atmosphere. That’s not just my view – that’s the word from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Like all industrial sectors, ours has moved a long way over the years. Our operations are cleaner and more sustainable; from the timber cutters right through to the paper making lines.

World is turning to sustainable wood as never before Wood is, quite frankly, a miracle product. It is recyclable, renewable and carbon friendly.

In a carbon constrained global economy the world is turning to wood, in all its guises, as never before.

If we operate carefully and sustainably, that should mean many more jobs and assured growth for our regional communities.

We are a great industry and have a great contribution to make to Australia’s future prosperity.

Senator to deliver State of the Forests report in Brisbane THE Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Agriculture Senator Richard Colbeck will deliver the national State of the Forests report at a special luncheon in Brisbane on March 28.

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The report is published every five years – a commitment made in 1998 by governments in the National Forest Policy Statement. These reviews assess sustainable forest yield and other values, moves

to achieve a comprehensive nature conservation reserve network, and the long-term monitoring of the impacts of forest use.

The luncheon in Brisbane, organised by Brisbane Hoo-

Hoo Club 218, will celebrate the International Day of Forests and has the support of the Institute of Foresters of Australia, Timber Queensland, EWPAA, TABMA Australia and ATIF.

CELEBRATION

If trees could cheer! DANA Melbourne March 21 special day to celebrate world’s forests

LAST Friday, March 21, was a special day – the UN International Day of Forests.

“Each minute of that day, New Zealand’s 1.8 million ha of sustainable forest estate grew enough timber to build two standard homes and contributed nearly $10,000 to the country’s export earnings,” remarked Forest Owners Association chief executive David Rhodes.

“At the same time as doing this, our forests will have sequestered carbon, prevented soil erosion, enhanced biodiversity, supplied renewable energy and provided thousands of jobs.”

Mr Rhodes said no other New Zealand industry made such a large dual contribution to the economy and the environment.

“Indeed, it is because of this that we are seeing a much greater interest by the major political parties in policies that will help unlock the potential of our industry,” he said.

The Forest Owners Association belongs to the International Council of Forest and Paper Associations (ICFPA) which is working internationally to raise awareness of the importance of all types of forests.

Together, ICFPA members represent nearly 90% of global paper production and 60% of global wood production.

ICFPA members support sustainable forest management around the world and are committed to using forest management and manufacturing practices that meet environmental, social, and economic objectives.

“For centuries, forests have enabled humans to make products to improve their lives and meet their needs.

Forests are renewable. Even in today’s rapidly changing world,

Australian Forest Industry Sector Conference August 7 and 8, 2014 Almost all speakers are already confirmed for the 2014 DANA Melbourne Conference. It is time to register now to take advantage of the Earlybird rate!

There will be many “highlight” presentations at the meeting, all presented by recognised and highly regarded speakers on:

• A key note address by Ric Sinclair of Forest&Wood Products Australia overviewing the sector, its status and direction.

• The volatile but vibrant Australian plantation forestry business:

David Rhodes .. forests contribute to the economy and the environment.

forestry is part of the solution to meeting global needs for food, fuel, paper, wood, medicines and other necessary products that improve quality of life,” says ICFPA president Donna Harman.

Mr Rhodes says the FOA, along with other ICFPA members, is committed to fighting illegal logging and the international trade in illegally harvested wood around the world.

The FOA and Ministry for Primary Industries were working on protocols that would assure international customers that NZ forest products came from legally logged forests.

The ICFPA’s 4th Sustainability Progress Report highlights the global industry’s progress on a number of key sustainability indicators including the growing area of certified responsibly managed forests, reduction in greenhouse gas emission intensity, the growing use of biofuels and a high paper recycling rate.

“These global trends very much mirror what is happening here in New Zealand. We clearly have much to celebrate, at the same time as we commit ourselves to doing better, especially with workplace safety,” Mr Rhodes said.

will 2014 finally see an end to the recent wholesale ownership churning?

• The rapidly growing Australian log export trade. China just gets hungrier and hungrier, including into 2014. How far can it go?

• The Australian softwood and hardwood woodchip trade. 2013 ended with the highest ever exports of hardwood chip from Australia to China – by far. Will this continue? India took 11 shipments of woodchips in 2013 (mostly from Australia); and 2014 is stacking up to be a record if price requirements can be met. Will India be the next hardwood chip mecca?

• Just how much pulpwood does Australia have?

• The global and Pacific Rim softwood log and lumber supply demand and supply balance. Is a supercycle in the making?

Two international speakers share their views. Any impact on the Australian industry.

• The Australian sawmilling sector. Ready for a rebound?

A presentation on the impacts of competition from European and from Chilean lumber producers will be highlights of the meeting, as will a view from a high profile Australian speaker.

• The Pacific Rim Wood Panel industry and where Australian production might fit in the future.

• A presentation on the global and Pacific Rim pulp industry status and supply and demand projections going forward by UK based Hawkins Wright. The perennial Australian pulp expansion question discussed.

• The Australian paper industry and its direction.

• Australian woodpellets: Korean demand is skyrocketing; from zero recently to 500,000 tonnes in “In 2014 w 2013 and some say to more than 2 e are unlikely to million tonnes in a few years. Will see such a strong li this mean a revival in Australian ne-up of internatio production and exports? nal and domestic presenters • Tree-based carbon; moribund covering a ll importan recently, but with a new aspects o t f the Austr government and a new policy, alian F o re stry and F what chances of revival? orest Products Industry”

To register immediately, visit www.prcc.com.au/ danamelbourne2014 and follow the register link or contact Pamela Richards at pam@prcc.com.au issue 310 | Page 13

INDUSTRY NEWS

Timber’s advantage .. thick timber members like these CLT panels char at a predictable rate, maintaining significant structural capacity for an extended duration of time when exposed to fire.

Engineered wood survives fierce blaze in Sydney STRUCTURAL panels, plywood, LVL beams and some CLT product stacked near a fierce fire that raged through a Sydney CBD construction site last week came through the blaze with barely a singe.

It is believed a welding accident sparked the fire, which had authorities concerned that the intense heat could cause a crane at the site to buckle and collapse.

Overnight, temperatures around the fire dropped from 1000 deg. to 45 deg., allowing crews to move back in and tackle the seat of the blaze.

Wood buildings have a proven safety and performance record Unions have called for a safety audit of all major construction sites in the city.

General manager of the Engineered Wood Products Association Simon Dorries said what was important was the fact that some wood products, such as the large beams used in heavy timber construction and cross laminated timber, could perform better in a fire situation than non-combustible materials.

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“Because they are thick and solid, these products char at a slow and predictable rate,” he said.

“This char protects the wood from further degradation, helping to maintain the building’s structural integrity and reducing its fuel contribution to the fire, which in turn lessens the fire’s heat and flame propagation.”

Wood buildings have a proven safety and performance record for fire protection; heavy timber has a particular advantage in a fire because wood chars on the outside while retaining strength, slowing combustion and allowing time to evacuate the building.

Mr Dorries said engineered timber was also an ideal construction material in areas prone to high-wind. Its elastic limit and ultimate strength were higher when loads were applied for a short time, which tended to be the case in high wind events.

“When structural panels such as plywood or LVL are properly attached to timber framing, they form some of the most solid and stable roof, floor and wall systems available. When used to form diaphragms and shear walls, they are exceptional at resisting high winds – and fire.”

INTERNATIONAL FOCUS

US federal government throws its weight behind wood skyscrapers Promoting timber as alternative over steel, concrete

THE US Department of Agriculture is throwing its weight behind emerging technologies that are building timber structures much taller than previously considered safe.

At a White House press conference, Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack said his department would put $1 million in funding towards training architects and engineers in using taller construction.

“We’re trying to get people to think differently and overcome the barriers that may exist at first glance,” Vilsack said.

The department is also creating a monetary prize for projects that demonstrate the new techniques.

In the short term, the incentives may result in a handful of showpiece projects; in the long term, those successes could pave the way for wider adoption, and in the process boost the struggling timber industry in Oregon and elsewhere.

“There are new possibilities that haven’t been explored fully in the past,” Vilsack said.

“We now think that, as a result of what’s taking place in other parts of the world, there’s an opportunity to promote wood as a building material in multistorey buildings.”

Is it a plane, is it a bird? No it’s wood! These skyscrapers may make way for tall timber buildings if US government recommendations are accepted.

the structure of large buildings.

In 2009, a nine-storey apartment building framed in the panels opened in London as one of the tallest timber buildings in the world. Swedish authorities have given the goahead for a 34-storey tower in Stockholm. In Vancouver, British Columbia, architect Michael Green – a major proponent of tall timber construction – has proposed a

30-storey wooden tower.

At the White House meeting, Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, the firm that designed the One World Trade Centre in New York, made the case that wood could safely be used in a skyscraper 42 storeys tall.

Wood framing has historically been limited to just a few storeys. In Portland, many of the mid-rise, mixed-use apartment projects built in

CLT technology shows promise in tall buildings Vilsack referred to the promising technology of crosslaminated timber panels, made up of layers of wood glued and pressed together, each perpendicular to the next. The resulting engineered panel was now considered strong enough to replace steel or concrete in

A wood-frame apartment building under construction in Hillsboro, Oregon. The federal government is promoting new technologies that could allow much taller buildings – even skyscrapers – to be built using wooden framing.

recent years come from the same basic five-over-one formula – five storeys of wood over a concrete podium.

“The real advantages of cross-laminated timber don’t really show up until you’re building something taller,” said Corey Griffin, an assistant professor at Portland State University’s School of Architecture who studies structural materials.

Building higher usually means switching to more expensive concrete or steel framing; wood panels could change the calculation by lowering material and labour costs.

Big carbon advantages with timber Proponents tout the environmental benefits of building with sustainably harvested wood. Processing steel and concrete consumes more fossil fuel than manufacturing the wood panels, they say, and using wood – which is made of carbon – absorbs carbon from the atmosphere.

The panels can also be made from trees removed in thinning managed forests, or even from trees killed in a recent beetle infestation that plagued West Coast states, which pose a fire risk if not removed.

ADVERTISING inquiries tel: +61 429 508 050 issue 310 | Page 15

INTERNATIONAL FOCUS

Threat of nuclear forest fires as Chernobyl’s trees refuse to decay Scientists concerned about heavy accumulation of litter

AS if the Ukraine didn’t have enough to worry about these days with Russia invading Crimea, recent scientific research points to the very real threat of a nuclear forest fire.

The forests around Chernobyl – the nuclear power plant that exploded 28 years ago – are not decaying properly and should it all catch fire, radioactive material would spread beyond Chernobyl’s Zone of Alienation, the off-limits 2590 sq kms around the decommissioned facility located 110 km north of Kiev.

This Zone of Alienation has given environmental scientists much to study, with insects choosing to not live there and the birds that do live there developing abnormalities like deformed beaks, odd tail feather lengths, and smaller brains. The trees too, have been shady.

Scientists who have been studying the environment inside the Zone of Alienation since 1991 noticed something about these trees, specifically what they described as “a significant accumulation of litter over time” in a study published recently in Oecologia.

Fungi and insects are not doing their jobs in the forests And by “significant,” they mean the trees are not decomposing and their leaves are just sitting there on the ground, not decomposing either.

This is especially so in the Red Forest, an area of woodland around Chernobyl named thusly because the trees turned a ginger colour and died due to the worst radiation poisoning in the area.

In an interview with Smithsonian magazine, lead author of the study and biologist at the University of South Carolina Timothy Mousseau called all this

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Nuclear check .. a technician checks a spot with a Geiger counter in a forest that burned near Chernobyl in 1992. The wildfire released radioactive particles into the air that were deposited there during the 1986 nuclear accident.

non-decayed organic matter “striking, given that in the forests where I live, a fallen tree is mostly sawdust after a decade of lying on the ground”.

The reason for this lack of decay around Chernobyl is that microbes, bacteria, fungi, worms, insects, and other living organisms known as decomposers (because they feed on dead organisms) are just not there and not doing their jobs. Mousseau and his team discovered this after leaving 600 bags of leaves around Chernobyl in 2007.

When they collected the bags in 2008, they found that the bags filled with leaves placed in areas with no radiation had decomposed by 70 to 90%, but the leaves in areas with radiation only decomposed about 40%.

“There is growing concern that there could be a catastrophic fire in the coming years,” Mousseau told Smithsonian.

Besides getting rid of what is basically tinder for wildfires, decomposers are essential when it comes to plant growth because they put nutrients back into the soil, and back into the environment generally.

The lack of decomposers could also explain why the trees that are alive around Chernobyl

of Alienation wildfire spewing radioactive particles has been a concern among environmental scientists since 1992. The threat has only gotten worse due to the longer, drier summers attributed to climate change.

There are fire-fighters stationed around the Zone of Alienation specifically for preventing a forest fire inside, but they’re “obviously not prepared for a major wildfire situation” says Scientific America, with hardly any “professional training, protective suits or breathing apparatuses”.

Fire-fighters on continuous hunt for any outbreak

Timothy Mousseau .. concern about non-decayed organic matter.

are growing very slowly. These Chernobyl trees cover about 1710 sq km miles of the Zone of Alienation and have been absorbing radionuclides like strontium 90 (causes bone cancer) and cesium 137 (effects range from nausea to death) for almost three decades.

If these trees are burned, these radionuclides would be released into the atmosphere as “as inhalable aerosols” reported Scientific American last year, citing a 2011 study. Besides inhaling cancer-causing particles in the air travelling hundreds of kilometres away, the biggest threat would be to food like milk and meat “produced as far as 150 km from the fire.”

In fact, the threat of a Zone

Fire-fighters currently scout for fires by climbing six watch towers a day, along with the help of one helicopter that is ‘occasionally available’. They do have a Soviet tank that has been retrofitted with a 6 m blade though, to chop down and crush the dead trees that refuse to decay currently littering the roadways.

Meanwhile, Russia’s increase in lumber exports has not yet compensated for the decline in log exports that followed the introduction of higher log export tariffs in 2007, according to Wood Resource Quarterly.

The log export tax led to Russia’s share of globally traded logs declining from 44% in 2006 to 15% in 2013.

By 2013, only one-third of the log volume exported at the peak level six years ago was shipped to foreign markets.

Russia has now fallen behind New Zealand and the US for log export volumes.

The softwood log export tariffs were reduced to 13-15% after Russia joined the World Trade Organisation in 2012.

ON THE ROAD

Hyundai Active a clever SUV package with the emphasis on safety and style Big changes under the bonnet and underneath the ix35 itself THE small blue Hyundai Active blended well against the blue ocean along the winding road to Nambucca Heads on the NSW mid-north coast, a town and region that saw the first cutting of Australian red cedar in 1842.

Located on a ridge north of the estuary of the Nambucca River, the town is the historical homeland of the Gumbaynggirr people, the politically aggressive tribe that set up the ‘Aboriginal Embassy’ in 1972 by planting a beach umbrella on the lawn in front of Parliament House.

In the 1800s and early 1900s Nambucca Heads was an important coastal port with a bustling ship building industry and many timber mills.

The hustle of the Pacific Highway faded and a few locals gave us a wave as we drove the Hyundai ix35 Series II up Nambucca’s main street heading for the White Albatross holiday park.

Enhanced with quicker-ratio power steering The Hyundai Motor Company based in Seoul, South Korea, along with its 32.8% owned subsidiary Kia Motors, is the world’s fifth largest automaker selling more than 4.4 million vehicles in 2012.

Hyundai has substantially upgraded its market leading ix35 small SUV with a host of exterior, interior and mechanical updates, including new direct-injection petrol engines and revised suspension.

The changes further enhance the ix35’s strong value-formoney appeal, clever interior packaging and its driveability both on-road and off – a combination that has helped the model dominate the thriving small SUV market segment.

Hyundai ix35 Series II .. substantial upgrade for this neat little SUV.

The new ix35 Series II brings exterior upgrades including new projection headlights with LED positioning lights, aerodynamic roof rails and striking new alloy wheel designs.

Inside, there are big changes, too, including new seat upholstery on entry level Active variants and two-way adjustable split rear bench seat.

But the biggest changes are under the bonnet and underneath the ix35 itself. The Series II is powered by an all-new directinjection petrol engine line-up with the introduction of the Nu 2.0L GDI and Theta II 2.4L GDI engines which deliver better performance and driveability.

The entry-level ix35 Series II now gets a six-speed, rather than five-speed manual gearbox, alongside the impressive sixspeed automatic that is standard across the rest of the range.

Further mechanical enhancements include the incorporation of a quicker-ratio power steering system, now with 32-bit computer processing, and the adoption of improved, locally developed suspension tuning.

In line with Hyundai Australia’s approach to finetuning suspension to suit local conditions, major suspension components including coil springs and stabiliser bars front and rear have been optimised during extensive local testing.

The ix35 has changed from a solid-type sub-frame mount to a more flexible bush-type system, giving better isolation of impact harshness and vibration. The 2.0L GDI engine that powers the entry level ix35i Active, and also is available in the middlespecification Elite, delivers the same 122kW of power as its multipoint-injected predecessor

Comfortable view of the ocean .. inside the Hyundai ix35

but, thanks to direct-injection, now delivers 205Nm of torque (up 8Nm).

Headlights are projector-beam units, which give a stronger, better-focused beam than standard parabolic reflectorstyle headlights.

The ix35 Series II brings newdesign woven seat upholstery on the entry-level Active and the newly redesigned 60/40-split rear seat now comes with twostage reclining function, to give rear passengers more control over their level of comfort.

The Series II also gets standard Bluetooth telephone and audio streaming, six-speaker audio including tweeters, steering wheel audio controls, USB auto input with iPod compatibility, auxiliary audio input jack and rear roof-mounted aerial.

Safety is a key feature, achieving the highest 5-star ANCAP safety rating. Standard safety features across the threetier ix35 Series II range include six airbags; anti-lock braking system with electronic brakeforce distribution; electronic stability control; traction control system; downhill brake control; hill start assist; and vehicle stability management.

Prices (excluding on roads) range from $26,000 for the Active 2.0L GDI (2WD) manual and $29,190 for the automatic. The top range Highlander automatic goes at $40,490.

issue 310 | Page 17

CLASSIFIEDS

POSITION VACANT Want to sell prestigious forestry equipment?

We have an opportunity for a highly motivated and disciplined sales professional to promote and sell our suite of forestry products throughout Victoria and South Australia.

Our suite of products includes the entire range of Tigercat equipment, from feller bunchers, skidders to forwarders and mulchers, as well as Hyundai forestry machines, Rotobec grapples, Waratah/ Satco processors and Berco undercarriage.

To be successful for this role you must have the following: • Proven track record of achieving sales targets.

• Technical / mechanical aptitude and understanding.

• Genuine ability to build positive, lasting relationships with clients, suppliers and industry members.

• Strong organisational, negotiation and follow up skills.

• Considerable experience and/or knowledge of forestry equipment and their application.

• High-level communication skills, with a commercial aptitude.

• Enjoy being ‘out on the road’ visiting customers.

This is an outstanding opportunity for a driven individual looking for a diverse and fulfilling role within a continually expanding organisation. A generous remuneration package is on offer to the right candidate.

For queries regarding the position please contact David Hazell: 0409 711 111.

Why taking an ad with us is the best value for you!

• More than 16,000 deliveries and many more viewers each week • Read and re-read everyday as the most authoritative industry information medium • Best rates, best service - unbeatable • Faster, wider penetration of your message in Australiasia than any other industry publication • Adverts take readers and potential clients direct to websites

To apply please email your resume to hr@onetrak.com.au

Contact Timber & Forestry Enews

1300 727 520 WWW.ONETRAK.COM.AU

Tel: +61 429 508 050 dennis@industrye-news.com

POSITION AVAILABLE

PUBLIC AFFAIRS MANAGER Become part of a small but highly professional team which develops and manages a range of media and government relations strategies for dealing with a wide range of complex issues facing the forest and wood products industry.

The Victorian Association of the Forest Industries (VAFI) is the peak industry organisation for forest and wood products businesses in Victoria. It represents forest growers, harvest and haul businesses, wood and paper processors and associated businesses and organisations.

As Public Affairs Manager, you will be expected to develop strong relationships with Government, Opposition, the media and other key stakeholders, and to represent VAFI in a range of public forums. You will also be required to work closely with members and other industry organisations. Your overall goal will be to help the CEO advance and protect the interests of the Association and its members.

Page 18 | issue 310

This role is a full time position with the opportunity to build your media, government relations and project management skills, and professional networks.

To succeed in this role, you will need to have media and government relations skills with an understanding of government and politics, and strong communication, advocacy, policy and relationship management skills.

Website, social media and other high level computer skills will also be looked upon favourably.

Before applying please email Tim Johnston at tjohnston@vafi.org.au to obtain the selection documentation.

Applications close Friday 04/04/2014.

297x210mm Vertical 254x93mm Horizontal 125x190mm Vertical 125x93mm Horizontal 73x190mm Horizontal 73x190mm Vertical 140x44.5mm 110 Vertical 34x44.5mm

297x210mm Vertical 254x93mm Horizontal 125x190mm Vertical 125x93mm Horizontal 51x93mm

issue 310 | Page 19