National Social Survey on Food Habits in the Families from Mexico by Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO)

• Institute of Marketing and Opinion (IMO) •

National Social Survey on

FOOD HABITS in the Families from Mexico November 24th to 28th, 2018

www.imocorp.com.mx

IMO: Member and Unique Representative of Mexico in the ISSP

IMO – Mexico IMO: Unique Representative of Mexico in the ISSP since 2000 and member of the World Association of Public Opinion Research (WAPOR) since 2009

http://www.issp.org 45 Member countries of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) Guadalajara, Mexico May of 2018 Australia: Australian Demographic and Social Research Institute, The Australian National University (ANU); Austria: Institute for Sociology, University of Graz; Belgium: The Research Centre of the Flemish Government / Institut wallon de l'évaluation, de la prospective et de la statistique; Bulgaria: Agency for Social Analyses (ASA); Chile: Centro de Estudios Públicos, Santiago; China: Institute for Empirical Social Science Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University / National Survey Research Center, Renmin University; Croatia: The Institute for Social Research, Zagreb; Czech Republic: Institute of Sociology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Denmark: Department of Political Science, Aalborg University; Estonia: Institute of International and Social Studies, SOGOLAS (School of Governance, Law and Society), Tallinn University; Finland: School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Tampere / Statistics Finland, Social Survey Unit / Finnish Social Science Data Archive; France: French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) / National Foundation for Political Science (FNSP); Georgia: Center for Social Sciences (CSS); Germany: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences; Great Britain: NatCen Social Research, London; Hungary: TÁRKI, Social Research Institute, Budapest; Iceland: The Social Science Research Institute: University of Iceland; India: Center for Voting Opinion & Trends in Election Research (CVoter); Israel: The B.I. and Lucille Cohen Institute for Public Opinion Research, University of Tel Aviv; Japan: NHK, Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo; Latvia: Advanced Social and Political Research Institute - ASPRI; Lithuania: Institute of Public Policy and Administration, Kaunas University of Technology / Faculty of Social Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University Kaunas; Mexico: The Institute of Marketing and Opinion (IMO); New Zealand: COMPASS Centre of Methods and Policy Application in the Social Sciences; Norway: Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD), Bergen; Philippines: Social Weather Stations, Inc. (SWS), Quezon City; Poland: Institute for Social Studies (ISS), University of Warsaw; Romania: RQSA - Romanian Quantitative Studies Association; Russia: The Levada Center, Moscow; Slovakia: The Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences / Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava; Slovenia: Public Opinion and Mass Communications Research Centre, Ljubljana; South Africa: Human Science Research Council, Pretoria; South Korea: Survey Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University; Spain: ASEP (Análisis Sociológicos, Económicos y Políticos) / CIS (Center for Sociological Research); Suriname: Anton de Kom University of Suriname; Sweden: Dept. of Sociology, Umeå University; Switzerland: FORS – Swiss Centre of Expertise in Social sciences, Lausanne; Taiwan: Institute of Sociology and Center for Survey Research, Academia Sinica; Thailand: King Prajadhipok’s Institute (KPI); Tunisia: Applied Social Science Forum (ASSF); Turkey: Istanbul Policy Centre (IPC); United States: National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago; Venezuela: LACSO (Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales);

Methodological Showcase

4 Developer and Responsible of the Study

Institute of Marketing and Opinion (IMO)

Universe of Study

Population of 18 years and up living in the Mexican Republic

Representative Universe

Mexican Republic

Date of Application of the Survey

November 24th to 28th, 2018

Sample Size

Universe

Cases

Degree of Confidence

Degree of Error

Mexican Republic

2,000

95 %

Âą5%

Sampling Technique

Random Probabilistic Subsampling with Proportional Selection by Size.

Survey Technique

Domiciliary at homes and guaranteeing the anonymity of the interviewee

CEO Founder of the IMO: Contact:

CĂŠsar Morones Phone +52 (33) 3673 7140 | www.imocorp.com.mx

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Comparative Results

In your family, what foods do you eat everyday? BREAKFAST

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

97.2%

96.4%

98.4%

99.7%

2.8%

3.6%

1.6%

0.3%

Total

100%

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In your family, what foods do you eat everyday? LUNCH

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

97.8%

97.2%

98.4%

99.7%

2.2%

2.8%

1.6%

0.3%

Total

100%

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In your family, what foods do you eat everyday? DINNER

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

83.7%

81.0%

87.9%

91.7%

16.3%

19.0%

12.1%

8.3%

Total

100%

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To reach the end of the month, do your family have enough money to eat?

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

55.7%

53.9%

58.1%

61.2%

43.0%

44.6%

40.4%

38.2%

No answer

1.4%

1.5%

1.6%

0.6%

Total

100%

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1 10 0

What food is the one that you should never miss at home in order to eat?

Mexican Republic 10 Mexican tortillas Bread and bread roll Beans Rice Beef Pork meat Chicken Fish Seafood Tuna or canned sardine Cookies Egg Fruit and vegetable Other No answer Total

32.2% 3.9% 35.0% 10.1% 4.3% 0.6% 7.1% 0.9% 0.0% 0.5% 0.2% 1.4% 2.1% 1.1% 0.6% 100%

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City Mexico 33.5% 4.5% 29.9% 11.7% 4.9% 0.4% 7.5% 1.1% 0.0% 0.6% 0.2% 1.3% 2.6% 1.1% 0.9% 100%

Guadalajara 29.5% 3.7% 45.7% 5.3% 4.0% 1.6% 5.6% 0.9% 0.0% 0.3% 0.3% 1.6% 0.9% 0.6% 0.0% 100%

Monterrey 29.1% 1.5% 47.4% 7.6% 1.8% 0.3% 7.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 1.8% 1.2% 1.5% 0.3% 100%

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1 11 1

With the family income they get at home, is enough to eat fresh FISH?

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

61.2%

61.0%

63.7%

59.0%

38.8%

39.0%

36.3%

41.0%

Total

100%

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1 12 2

How often?

% of the population that their family income is enough to eat fresh FISH 12

City

Mexican Republic (61.2%)

Mexico (61.0%)

Guadalajara (63.7%)

Monterrey (59.0%)

Daily if we wanted

2.0%

2.1%

2.9%

0.0%

Once a week

25.9%

25.2%

29.3%

25.4%

2 or 3 times a week

9.8%

13.7%

5.2%

Once per fortnight (two weeks)

31.9%

32.9%

19.0%

43.5%

Once a month

30.3%

30.1%

34.6%

25.9%

No answer

0.1%

0.0%

0.5%

0.0%

Total

100%

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1 13 3

With the family income they get at home, is enough to eat fresh SEAFOOD?

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

34.3%

32.6%

42.9%

32.4%

65.7%

67.4%

57.1%

67.6%

Total

100%

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1 14 4

How often?

% of the population that their family income is enough to eat fresh SEAFOOD 14

City

Mexican Republic (34.3%)

Mexico (32.6%)

Guadalajara (42.9%)

Monterrey (32.4%)

Daily if we wanted

1.3%

2.2%

0.0%

Once a week

15.3%

13.1%

25.4%

10.4%

2 or 3 times a week

4.2%

4.6%

4.3%

1.9%

Once per fortnight (two weeks)

25.1%

28.1%

15.2%

26.4%

Once a month

53.9%

52.9%

52.2%

61.3%

No answer

0.2%

0.0%

0.7%

0.0%

Total

100%

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1 15 5

With the family income they get at home, is enough to eat canned TUNA or SARDINE?

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Yes

82.9%

84.9%

76.4%

81.0%

17.1%

15.1%

23.6%

19.0%

Total

100%

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1 16 6

How often?

% of the population that their family income is enough to eat canned TUNA or SARDINE 16

City

Mexican Republic (82.9%)

Mexico (84.9%)

Guadalajara (76.4%)

Monterrey (81.0%)

Daily if we wanted

2.0%

1.5%

6.1%

0.0%

Once a week

30.1%

30.9%

27.6%

29.1%

2 or 3 times a week

11.2%

9.8%

14.6%

14.7%

Once per fortnight (two weeks)

28.9%

30.7%

20.3%

29.8%

Once a month

27.5%

26.9%

31.3%

26.0%

No answer

0.2%

0.3%

0.0%

0.4%

Total

100%

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1 17 7

Which meat of animal do you like to eat most often in your family?

City

Mexican Republic

Mexico

Guadalajara

Monterrey

Beef

31.0%

28.6%

38.8%

33.3%

Pork meat

12.4%

12.2%

14.9%

10.4%

Chicken

48.6%

50.3%

38.8%

52.0%

Fresh fish

2.9%

3.0%

3.4%

1.8%

Fresh seafood

1.2%

1.5%

0.9%

0.0%

Canned tuna or sardine

0.8%

0.9%

0.3%

None, we are vegetarians

0.6%

0.4%

1.6%

0.6%

None, we do not have enough money

1.7%

2.3%

0.3%

Other

0.4%

0.3%

No answer

0.4%

0.0%

0.9%

Total

100%

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1 18 8

How often do you eat together as a family at HOME?

Daily Almost daily 2 or 3 times a week Once a week Once a fortnight (two weeks) Once a month Hardly ever Never or almost never, because I live alone Never or hardly ever, because of work Never or hardly ever, because of family upsets Never or hardly ever, for lack of money No answer Total

Mexico 34.5% 19.8% 12.6% 20.7% 1.9% 3.6% 4.1% 1.5% 0.0%

City Guadalajara 35.4% 20.2% 12.7% 22.4% 1.6% 2.5% 3.1% 1.2% 0.6%

Monterrey 39.4% 13.1% 17.7% 20.8% 1.5% 3.7% 1.2% 1.8% 0.3%

0.2%

0.3%

0.0%

0.4% 0.3% 100%

0.6% 0.4% 100%

0.0% 0.0% 100%

0.0% 0.3% 100%

Mexican Republic 35.4% 19.0% 13.3% 21.0% 1.8% 3.4% 3.5% 1.5% 0.1%

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1 19 9

How often do you eat together as a family outside from home, in a RESTAURANT?

Mexico 0.6% 0.4% 2.1% 7.9% 5.8% 22.0% 42.6% 0.6% 2.1%

City Guadalajara 0.0% 0.0% 2.5% 9.0% 6.2% 19.9% 44.7% 0.3% 0.6%

Monterrey 0.0% 0.6% 1.2% 7.0% 6.1% 16.5% 45.9% 0.9% 2.8%

0.1%

0.0%

0.3%

0.0%

16.2% 0.2% 100%

15.6% 0.2% 100%

16.5% 0.0% 100%

18.7% 0.3% 100%

Mexican Republic 0.4% 0.4% 2.1% 8.0% 5.9% 20.8% 43.5% 0.6% 2.0%

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2 20 0

How often do you eat together as a family outside from home, in a FAST FOOD place?

Mexico 0.4% 0.4% 3.2% 5.3% 5.8% 17.5% 55.4% 0.6% 1.5%

City Guadalajara 0.3% 0.3% 1.9% 12.1% 6.8% 13.7% 47.2% 0.6% 0.0%

Monterrey 0.0% 0.0% 0.9% 4.3% 4.6% 10.7% 68.5% 0.9% 0.9%

0.2%

0.0%

0.9%

0.0%

10.4% 0.4% 100%

9.4% 0.4% 100%

16.1% 0.0% 100%

8.6% 0.6% 100%

Mexican Republic 0.3% 0.3% 2.7% 6.3% 5.8% 15.9% 55.9% 0.7% 1.2%

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2 21 1

How often do you eat together as a family outside from home, in a TAQUERIA (tacos)?

Mexico 0.6% 0.2% 4.3% 16.8% 10.7% 21.3% 38.0% 0.4% 0.2%

City Guadalajara 0.3% 0.0% 6.2% 15.2% 13.0% 18.9% 31.7% 0.6% 0.3%

Monterrey 0.0% 0.3% 0.6% 20.8% 15.6% 20.2% 38.2% 0.9% 0.9%

0.3%

0.0%

1.6%

0.0%

7.3% 0.3% 100%

7.2% 0.2% 100%

11.8% 0.3% 100%

1.8% 0.6% 100%

Mexican Republic 0.5% 0.2% 4.1% 17.1% 11.8% 20.8% 36.9% 0.5% 0.3%

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2 22 2

How often do you eat together as a family outside from home, in the home of a RELATIVE, FAMILY MEMBER or close FRIEND?

Mexico 0.4% 1.5% 2.8% 11.1% 9.4% 31.1% 37.1% 0.2% 2.3%

City Guadalajara 0.3% 1.9% 2.2% 13.7% 5.9% 30.7% 38.2% 0.9% 0.6%

Monterrey 0.0% 0.3% 0.9% 15.0% 15.6% 29.4% 32.4% 1.2% 2.4%

1.8%

2.3%

0.0%

1.5%

1.8% 0.5% 100%

1.3% 0.4% 100%

5.0% 0.6% 100%

0.3% 0.9% 100%

Mexican Republic 0.3% 1.4% 2.4% 12.1% 9.7% 30.8% 36.6% 0.5% 2.1%

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2 23 3

If your family income was enough to eat fresh FISH or SEAFOOD, how often would you do it?

Mexican Republic

City

Daily

2.2%

Mexico 1.5%

Almost daily

5.7%

6.2%

4.7%

4.6%

2 or 3 times a week

35.3%

35.8%

30.7%

38.5%

Once a week

32.2%

30.5%

35.7%

36.4%

Once a fortnight (two weeks)

9.6%

10.4%

7.8%

8.0%

Once a month

8.0%

8.3%

9.3%

4.9%

Hardly ever

3.1%

3.2%

2.2%

3.7%

Never

3.8%

4.1%

4.3%

2.1%

Total

100%

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Guadalajara 5.3%

Monterrey 1.8%

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Conclusions

2 25 5

Conclusions

Conclusions to the National Social Survey in Mexico on Habits of Alimentary Consumption of Mexican Families. (IMO-MEXICO-ISSP: December 2018) By: CĂŠsar Morones CEO Founder of IMO-Mexico-ISSP To the light of the results of the present National Survey in Mexico of IMO-Mexico-ISSP(1), applied at the end of November 2018, 43% of Mexican families get at the end of the month without sufficient economic resources to eat, with the family incomes that they have in Mexico. Every day, 16% of Mexican families do not have dinner, just under 3% of families in Mexico do not have breakfast and a little more than 2% of Mexican families do not cook mid-day meal. With respect to the food that mainly "never must be missed" in Mexican homes, 35% of them mention beans, 32% tortillas and 10% rice. So far no meat appears or foods made from wheat flour in Mexican homes. In that sense, the fourth place is occupied by chicken meat in 7% of Mexican homes, in the fifth place beef with just over 4% and in sixth place the bread and bread rolls made with wheat flour , in just under 4% of Mexican homes.

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2 26 6

Conclusions

In seventh place as the main food that "should never be missing" in the home, vegetables and fruits are found in and 2% of Mexican families and in the eighth place the egg in 1.4% of Mexican households. At the end of the list of the main foods that "should never be missing" in a Mexican household, fresh fish appears in less than 1% of families in Mexico and with only 0.5% (half a percentage point), tuna and sardine canned. In the penultimate place are cookies in only 0.2% of Mexican households. Special mention should be made of fresh seafood as the main food that "must never be missing" in Mexican homes with 0 (zero) percent. This last piece of information is very important to illustrate the economic situation in Mexico.

Fresh seafood represents a luxury for the inhabitants of the richest countries in the world, because they are so scarce. The greatest wealth in variety and quantity of maritime species of the World is found in the oceanic waters and tropical seas of the globe. Mexico is a world power in virtually all economic activity. In the national economy, according to the CIA, Mexico is the tenth largest economy in the world.

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2 27 7

Conclusions

According to this reliable source of information, this is the order of the Countries in 2018 regarding Economy: 27

1.- United States, 2.- China, 3.- India, 4.- Japan, 5.- Germany, 6.- Russia, 7.- Brazil, 8.- France, 9.- Great Britain and 10.- Mexico. According to the total Report of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund held in August 2018, their analyzes conclude as follows: First World Economy .............. China. Second World Economy ......... India. Third World Economy ............. United States. Seventh world economy â&#x20AC;Śâ&#x20AC;Ś... Mexico.

Mexico, being one of the few bi-oceanic nations in the world with thousands of tens of cubic kilometers of two oceans, the Pacific and the Atlantic, is an exporting nation of fresh seafood of the highest quality worldwide. Only in Mexico, in light of the present National research, in relation to the consumption of fresh seafood, is on the side of consumption, as a poor nation that can not consume the fruits of the sea, despite its various thousands of kilometers of mostly tropical and sub-tropical coastlines. This photograph of Mexico is very regrettable.

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2 28 8

Conclusions

28 Mexico, producer of seafood, but as alien to and more than the countries that pay so much for those fruits that are alien to them and Mexico that has this extraordinary natural wealth, its consumers have to pay a luxury that seems alien to their economic possibilities.

The proof of the very low family consumption of fresh fish and shellfish in Mexico is due to the insufficiency of the family income in most of the Mexican families, is that if the family income was enough to eat the products of the oceanic waters of Mexico, 35% of Mexican families would do it 2 or 3 times a week and another 32% of Mexican households would do it once a week. It means that the taste for fresh fish and seafood in Mexico is high, since only 3% of Mexican families would hardly consume them and another 3% would never consume it, even if they had enough family income. Consequently, 94% of Mexican families would eat fresh fish and seafood if sufficient family income was available. But knowing these data, necessarily coleads to the application of public policies of course having as a purpose a better income distribution in Mexico, a question that will take at least 4 years of good application of the redistributive economic policy.

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2 29 9

Conclusions

Meanwhile, it is necessary to give subsidies to Mexican fishermen, analyze the supply side of these elements, to bring to its minimum expression the possibility of oligopolies in the aquaculture and fishing industry in Mexico and give incentives to micro, small and medium Mexican marketers either with public resources to lost fund against positive results very concrete or at least with credits by word without interests or with only symbolic interests.

Also, do the same with micro, small and medium Mexican packing plants which do not belong to oligopolies and create a healthy efficient productive and marketing chain in Mexico. This is possible because we know of the existence of these Mexican companies all of them, which generate jobs with fair wages, but they have never been promoted by the Government of Mexico, until today. On the other hand, the Cohesion and the social fabric of Mexico that is based on the only Institution that still enjoys good credibility in the Mexican Society is proven in this new national demographic research of IMO-Mexico-ISSP, because 35% of Mexican families eat together daily, another 19% of Mexican households do it almost daily, another 21% do it once a week and another 13% do it 2 or 3 times a week. However, another revealing fact appears that since the Family is the intimate cell of any Society, 59% of Mexican families never or almost never eat together in a restaurant, an unequivocal sign of the very low level of Family Income and another 20% of Mexican Families can only do it once a month. Daily or almost daily, only 0.8% of families in Mexico do so.

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3 30 0

Conclusions

Revealing data undoubtedly, the results of the present National Social Survey on Habits of Food Consumption of Mexican Families 30 financed with own resources of IMO-Mexico-ISSP and with resources of the commercializing micro-company of fresh fish and seafood Black Coral(2) 100% Mexican, established for 20 years in the Port of Mazatlan, Sinaloa Mexico which has also been permanently linking production chains with packing and canning tuna and sardine.

(1) IMO, Member and Unique Representative of Mexico in the International

Social Survey Program, ISSP (http://www.imocorp.com.mx) (http://www.issp.org/members/member-states/)

(2) Black Coral is the name of the only coral in the World, which resists friction

and survives, to the strong and

incessant union between two powerful marine currents.

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of Mexico mx in the ISSP

www.issp.org

Institute of Marketing and Opinion (IMO) IMO: Unique Representative of Mexico in the ISSP since 2000 and member of the World Association of Public Opinion Research (WAPOR) since 2009 Venues of the 10 most recent assemblies of the ISSP 2009 Vienna, Austria

2010 Lisbon, Portugal

2011 Pto. Vallarta, Mexico

2012 Cavtat, Croatia

http://www.unl.edu/wapor 45 Member countries of the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP)

2013 Santiago, Chile

2014 2015 Tampere, Capetown, Finland South Africa

2016 2017 2018 Kaunas, Lausanne, Guadalajara, Lithuania Switzerland Mexico

http://www.issp.org Guadalajara, Mexico May of 2018

Australia: Australian Demographic and Social Research Institute, The Australian National University (ANU); Austria: Institute for Sociology, University of Graz; Belgium: The Research Centre of the Flemish Government / Institut wallon de l'évaluation, de la prospective et de la statistique; Bulgaria: Agency for Social Analyses (ASA); Chile: Centro de Estudios Públicos, Santiago; China: Institute for Empirical Social Science Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University / National Survey Research Center, Renmin University; Croatia: The Institute for Social Research, Zagreb; Czech Republic: Institute of Sociology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic; Denmark: Department of Political Science, Aalborg University; Estonia: Institute of International and Social Studies, SOGOLAS (School of Governance, Law and Society), Tallinn University; Finland: School of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Tampere / Statistics Finland, Social Survey Unit / Finnish Social Science Data Archive; France: French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) / National Foundation for Political Science (FNSP); Georgia: Center for Social Sciences (CSS); Germany: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences; Great Britain: NatCen Social Research, London; Hungary: TÁRKI, Social Research Institute, Budapest; Iceland: The Social Science Research Institute: University of Iceland; India: Center for Voting Opinion & Trends in Election Research (CVoter); Israel: The B.I. and Lucille Cohen Institute for Public Opinion Research, University of Tel Aviv; Japan: NHK, Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo; Latvia: Advanced Social and Political Research Institute - ASPRI; Lithuania: Institute of Public Policy and Administration, Kaunas University of Technology / Faculty of Social Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University Kaunas; Mexico: The Institute of Marketing and Opinion (IMO); New Zealand: COMPASS - Centre of Methods and Policy Application in the Social Sciences; Norway: Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD), Bergen; Philippines: Social Weather Stations, Inc. (SWS), Quezon City; Poland: Institute for Social Studies (ISS), University of Warsaw; Romania: RQSA - Romanian Quantitative Studies Association; Russia: The Levada Center, Moscow; Slovakia: The Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences / Department of Sociology, Faculty of Arts, Comenius University in Bratislava; Slovenia: Public Opinion and Mass Communications Research Centre, Ljubljana; South Africa: Human Science Research Council, Pretoria; South Korea: Survey Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University; Spain: ASEP (Análisis Sociológicos, Económicos y Políticos) / CIS (Center for Sociological Research); Suriname: Anton de Kom University of Suriname; Sweden: Dept. of Sociology, Umeå University; Switzerland: FORS – Swiss Centre of Expertise in Social sciences, Lausanne; Taiwan: Institute of Sociology and Center for Survey Research, Academia Sinica; Thailand: King Prajadhipok’s Institute (KPI); Tunisia: Applied Social Science Forum (ASSF); Turkey: Istanbul Policy Centre (IPC); United States: National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago; Venezuela: LACSO (Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales);

Office address: Priv. Tepatitlán 690 • Col. Nuevo México • CP 45138 • Zapopan, Jalisco Office phone number: +52 (33) 3673 7140 • www.imocorp.com.mx